Fair Value Disclosures - Financial Assets and Liabilities Accounted for at Fair Value on Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Aug. 31, 2022	Nov. 30, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Alternative investment	$ 1,299,523	$ 1,012,322
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	18,701,525	18,323,915
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting	(2,725,042)	(3,304,566)
Securities received as collateral	149,586	7,289
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	11,533,058	11,690,795
Counterparty and Cash Collateral Netting	(2,556,284)	(3,701,010)
Other secured financings	2,362	102,788
Obligation to return securities received as collateral	149,586	7,289
Long-term debt	1,517,410	1,843,598
Corporate equity securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,558,413	2,843,016
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,833,675	1,695,985
Corporate debt securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,282,618	3,848,106
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,940,891	2,112,259
Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	490,369	611,462
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	682
U.S. government and federal agency securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	4,359,145	3,114,079
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	2,601,469	2,457,420
Municipal securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	206,214	509,559
Sovereign obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	1,418,337	1,553,285
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,480,525	1,528,841
Residential mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	1,589,753	1,169,723
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased		719
Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	332,614	198,752
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	4,255	210
Other asset-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	317,633	430,546
Loans and other receivables
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	2,629,578	3,437,635
Derivative assets
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	373,926	568,959
Investments at fair value
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	142,925	38,793
Loans
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	2,222,560	2,491,857
Derivative liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,449,001	1,403,504
Fair value based on net asset value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Alternative investment	1,300,000	1,010,000
Level 1
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	8,218,286	6,516,500
Securities received as collateral	149,586	7,289
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	5,092,183	5,066,732
Other secured financings	0	0
Obligation to return securities received as collateral	149,586	7,289
Long-term debt	0	0
Level 1 | Corporate equity securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,270,145	2,567,690
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,793,307	1,671,696
Level 1 | Corporate debt securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 1 | Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0
Level 1 | U.S. government and federal agency securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	4,303,598	3,045,295
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	2,601,469	2,457,420
Level 1 | Municipal securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Level 1 | Sovereign obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	643,476	899,086
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	697,326	935,801
Level 1 | Residential mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased		0
Level 1 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 1 | Other asset-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Level 1 | Loans and other receivables
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Level 1 | Derivative assets
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	1,067	4,429
Level 1 | Investments at fair value
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Level 1 | Loans
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 1 | Derivative liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	81	1,815
Level 2
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	12,522,781	14,775,428
Securities received as collateral	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	8,892,227	10,225,959
Other secured financings	0	76,883
Obligation to return securities received as collateral	0	0
Long-term debt	796,295	961,866
Level 2 | Corporate equity securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	92,502	199,244
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	37,798	19,654
Level 2 | Corporate debt securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,264,406	3,836,303
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	1,940,464	2,111,777
Level 2 | Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	440,441	579,518
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	328
Level 2 | U.S. government and federal agency securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	55,547	68,784
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 2 | Municipal securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	206,214	509,559
Level 2 | Sovereign obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	774,861	654,199
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	783,199	593,040
Level 2 | Residential mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	1,564,010	1,168,246
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased		719
Level 2 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	301,004	196,419
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	3,800	0
Level 2 | Other asset-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	226,140	337,022
Level 2 | Loans and other receivables
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	2,511,984	3,363,050
Level 2 | Derivative assets
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,081,967	3,858,848
Level 2 | Investments at fair value
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	3,705	4,236
Level 2 | Loans
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	2,209,866	2,476,087
Level 2 | Derivative liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	3,916,772	5,024,682
Level 3
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	685,500	336,553
Securities received as collateral	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	104,932	99,114
Other secured financings	2,362	25,905
Obligation to return securities received as collateral	0	0
Long-term debt	721,115	881,732
Level 3 | Corporate equity securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	195,766	76,082
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	2,570	4,635
Level 3 | Corporate debt securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	18,212	11,803
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	427	482
Level 3 | Collateralized debt obligations and collateralized loan obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	49,928	31,944
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	354
Level 3 | U.S. government and federal agency securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 3 | Municipal securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Level 3 | Sovereign obligations
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	0	0
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	0	0
Level 3 | Residential mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	25,743	1,477
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased		0
Level 3 | Commercial mortgage-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	31,610	2,333
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	455	210
Level 3 | Other asset-backed securities
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	91,493	93,524
Level 3 | Loans and other receivables
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	117,594	74,585
Level 3 | Derivative assets
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	15,934	10,248
Level 3 | Investments at fair value
Financial instruments owned:
Total financial instruments owned, excluding Investments at fair value based on NAV	139,220	34,557
Level 3 | Loans
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	12,694	15,770
Level 3 | Derivative liabilities
Financial instruments sold, not yet purchased:
Total financial instruments sold, not yet purchased	$ 88,432	$ 78,017