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Fair Value Measurement
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Fair Value Measurement [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurement
Note 17.
Fair Value Measurement

The Company adopted ASC 820 “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures” (previously SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements”) on January 1, 2008 to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and liabilities and to determine fair value disclosures. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value of certain assets and liabilities is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.

ASC 820 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on whether the inputs to those valuation techniques are observable or unobservable. Observable inputs reflect market data obtained from independent sources, while unobservable inputs reflect the Company's market assumptions. The three levels of the fair value hierarchy under ASC 820 based on these two types of inputs are as follows:

 
Level 1 –
Valuation is based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities.
 
 
Level 2 –
Valuation is based on observable inputs including quoted prices in active markets for similar assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in less active markets, and model-based valuation techniques for which significant assumptions can be derived primarily from or corroborated by observable data in the market
 
 
Level 3 –
Valuation is based on model-based techniques that use one or more significant inputs or assumptions that are unobservable in the market.
 
The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value on a recurring basis in the financial statements:

Securities available for sale: Securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon quoted market prices, when available (Level 1). If quoted market prices are not available, fair values are measured utilizing independent valuation techniques of identical or similar securities for which significant assumptions are derived primarily from or corroborated by observable market data. Third party vendors compile prices from various sources and may determine the fair value of identical or similar securities by using pricing models that considers observable market data (Level 2).

Interest rate swaps: Cash flow interest rate swaps are classified within level 2 with fair values determined by quoted market prices and mathematical models using current an historical data.

The following table presents the balances of financial assets and liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2011 and December 31, 2010 by levels within the valuation hierarchy:
 
      
Fair Value Measurements at Using
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance
  
Quoted Prices in
Active Markets for
Identical Assets 
(Level 1)
  
Significant Other
Obervable Inputs 
(Level 2)
  
Signicant
Unobservable
Inputs (Level 3)
 
Assets at December 31, 2011  available for sale securities:
            
Obligations of U.S. Government corporations and agencies
 $39,572  $-  $39,572  $- 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  7,394   -   7,394   - 
Corporate bonds
  335   -   -   335 
Mutual funds
  349   349   -   - 
Total available for sale securities
  47,650   349   46,966   335 
                  
Interest rate swap
  179   -   179   - 
Total assets at fair value
 $47,829  $349  $47,145  $335 
                  
Liabilities at December 31, 2011
                
Interest rate swap
  452   -   452   - 
Total liabilities at fair value
 $452  $-  $452  $- 
                  
Assets at December 31, 2010 available for sale securities:
                
Obligations of U.S. Government  corporations and agencies
 $40,032  $-  $40,032  $- 
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
  5,619   -   5,619   - 
Corporate bonds
  552   -   -   552 
Mutual funds
  326   326   -   - 
FHLMC preferred stock
  9   -   9   - 
Total available-for sale securities
  46,538   326   45,660   552 
                  
Interest rate swap
  19   -   19   - 
Total assets at fair value
 $46,557  $326  $45,679  $552 
 
Change in Level 3 Fair Value

The changes in Level 3 assets measured at estimated fair value on a recurring basis during the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
   Total Gains (Losses) Realized/Unrealized 
(In thousands)
 
Balance January 1, 2011
  
Included in earnings
  
Included in Other Comprehensive Income
  
Transfers inand/or out of Level 3 and 2
  
Balance December 31, 2011
 
Available-for-sale securities
 $552  $(189) $(28) $-  $335 
                      
   Total Gains (Losses) Realized/Unrealized 
(In thousands)
 
Balance January 1, 2010
  
Included in earnings
  
Included in Other Comprehensive Income
  
Transfers in and/or out of Level 3 and 2
  
Balance December 31, 2010
 
Available-for-sale securities
 $1,912  $(1,394) $34  $-  $552 
 

 
Certain financial assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Adjustments to the fair value of these assets usually result from the application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.

The following describes the valuation techniques used by the Company to measure certain financial assets recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in the financial statements:

Impaired Loans: Loans are designated as impaired when, in the judgment of management based on current information and events, it is probable that all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement will not be collected. The measurement of loss associated with impaired loans can be based on either the observable market price of the loan or the fair value of the collateral securing the loans. Collateral may be in the form of real estate or business assets including equipment, inventory, and accounts receivable. The value of real estate collateral is determined utilizing an income or market valuation approach based on an appraisal conducted by an independent, licensed appraiser outside of the Company using observable market data (Level 2). However, if the collateral is a house or building in the process of construction or if an appraisal of the real estate property is over two years old, then the fair value is considered Level 3. The value of business equipment is based upon an outside appraisal if deemed significant, or the net book value on the applicable business' financial statements if not considered significant using observable market data. Likewise, values for inventory and accounts receivables collateral are based on financial statement balances or aging reports (Level 3). Impaired loans allocated to the Allowance for Loan Losses are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Any fair value adjustments are recorded in the period incurred as provision for loan losses on the Consolidated Statements of Income.

Other Real Estate Owned (OREO):  Foreclosed assets are adjusted to fair value upon transfer of the loans to OREO.  Subsequently, OREO is carried at the lower of carrying value or fair market value less selling costs.  Fair value is based upon independent market prices, appraised values of the collateral, or management's estimation of the value of the collateral.  When the fair value of the collateral is based on an observable market price or a current appraised value, the Company considers the OREO as nonrecurring Level 2.  When a current appraised value is not available or management determines the fair value of the collateral is further impaired below the appraised value and there is no observable market price, the Company considers records the OREO as nonrecurring Level 3.

Management believes that the fair value component in its valuation follows the provisions of ASC 820.
 
The following table summarizes the Company's financial assets that were measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the period.

   
Carrying Value at December 31, 2011
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2011
  
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
  
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
  
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 3)
 
    Impaired loans, net
 $1,855  $-  $-  $1,855 
   Other real estate owned, net
  1,776   -   1,776   - 
 
   
Carrying Value at December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Balance as of December 31, 2010
  
Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)
  
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)
  
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 3)
 
    Impaired loans, net
 $188  $-  $-  $188 
   Other real estate owned, net
  2,821   -   2,821   - 

The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation.  Fair value is best determined based upon quoted market prices.  However, in many instances, there are no quoted market prices for the Company's various financial instruments.  In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based on estimates using present value or other valuation techniques.  Those techniques are significantly affected by the assumptions used, including the discount rate and estimates of future cash flows.  Accordingly, the fair value estimates may not be realized in an immediate settlement of the instruments.  ASC 820 (previously SFAS No. 107 “Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments”) excludes certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments from its disclosure requirements.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.

The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value:
 
Cash and cash equivalents
 
The carrying amounts of cash and short-term instruments with a maturity of three months or less approximate fair value. Instruments with maturities of greater than three months are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered on similiar instruments.
 
Securities
 
For securities and marketable equity securities held for investment purposes, fair values are based on quoted market prices or dealer quotes.  For other securities held as investments, fair value equals quoted market price, if available.  If a quoted market price is not available, fair values are based on quoted market prices for similar securities. See Note 2 “Securities” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion on determining fair value for pooled trust preferred securities.
 
Loan Receivables
 
For variable-rate loans that reprice frequently and with no significant change in credit risk, fair values are based on carrying values.  Fair values for certain mortgage loans (e.g., one-to-four family residential), credit card loans, and other consumer loans are based on quoted market prices of similar loans sold in conjunction with securitization transactions, adjusted for differences in loan characteristics.  Fair values for other loans (i.e., commercial real estate and investment property mortgage loans, commercial and industrial loans) are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, using interest rates currently being offered for loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.  Fair values for nonperforming loans are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses or underlying collateral values, where applicable.
 
Accrued Interest
 
The carrying amounts of accrued interest approximate fair value.
 
Life Insurance
 
The carrying amount of life insurance contracts is assumed to be a reasonable fair value.  Life insurance contracts are carried on the balance sheet at their redemption value.  This redemption value is based on existing market conditions and therefore represents the fair value of the contract.
 
Interest Rate Swaps
 
For interest rate swaps, fair values are based on quoted market prices or mathematical models using current and historical data.
 
Deposit Liabilities
 
The fair values disclosed for demand deposits (i.e., interest and non-interest bearing checking, statement savings and money market accounts) are, by definition, equal to the amount payable at the reporting date (that is, their carrying  amounts).  Fair values of fixed rate certificates of deposit are estimated using a discounted cash flow calculation that applies interest rates currently being offered to a schedule of aggregated expected monthly maturities on time deposits.
 
Federal Funds Purchased
 
The carrying amounts of the Company's federal funds purchased approximate fair value.
 
Borrowed Funds
 
The fair values of the Company's FHLB advances are estimated using discounted cash flow analyses based on the Company's current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements.
 
Off-Balance-Sheet Financial Instruments
 
The fair value of commitments to extend credit is estimated using the fees currently charged to enter similar agreements, taking into account the remaining terms of the agreements and the present credit worthiness of the counterparties.  For fixed-rate loan commitments, fair value also considers the difference between current levels of interest rates and the committed rates.

The fair value of standby letters of credit is based on fees currently charged for similar agreements or on the estimated cost to terminate them or otherwise settle the obligations with the counterparties at the reporting date.

At December 31, 2011 and 2010, the fair value of loan commitments and standby letters of credit were deemed immaterial.

The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments are as follows:

 
   
December 31, 2011
  
December 31, 2010
 
(In thousands)
 
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair
Value
  
Carrying
Amount
  
Fair
Value
 
Financial assets:
            
Cash and short-term investments
 $72,152  $72,199  $47,171  $47,171 
Federal funds sold
  8   8   11   11 
Securities
  47,649   47,649   46,538   46,538 
Restricted investments
  2,543   2,543   3,388   3,388 
Loans, net
  452,086   463,449   460,442   479,009 
Accrued interest receivable
  1,534   1,534   1,488   1,488 
Interest rate swap
  179   179   19   19 
BOLI
  11,621   11,621   11,202   11,202 
Total financial assets
 $587,772  $599,182  $570,259  $588,826 
                  
Financial liabilities:
                
Deposits
 $530,569  $535,567  $520,056  $524,324 
FHLB advances
  25,000   26,023   25,000   26,247 
Company obligated mandatorily redeemable capital securities
  4,124   4,982   4,124   4,696 
Accrued interest payable
  401   401   464   464 
Interest rate swap
  452   452   -   - 
Total financial lialilities
 $560,546  $567,425  $549,644  $555,731 

The Company assumes interest rate risk (the risk that general interest rate levels will change) as a result of its normal operations.  As a result, the fair values of the Company's financial instruments will change when interest rate levels change and that change may be either favorable or unfavorable to the Company.  Management attempts to match maturities of assets and liabilities to the extent believed necessary to minimize interest rate risk.  However, borrowers with fixed rate obligations are less likely to prepay in a rising rate environment.  Conversely, depositors who are receiving fixed rates are more likely to withdraw funds before maturity in a rising rate environment and less likely to do so in a falling rate environment.  Management monitors rates and maturities of assets and liabilities and attempts to minimize interest rate risk by adjusting terms of new loans and deposits and by investing in securities with terms that mitigate the Company's overall interest rate risk.