INCOME TAXES

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

INCOME TAXES

The Company’s tax provision or benefit from income taxes for interim periods is determined using an estimate of the Company’s annual effective tax rate, adjusted for discrete items, if any, that are taken into account in the relevant period. The Company has an effective tax rate of 0.0% for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 0.54% for each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company’s effective rate differs from its statutory rate of 21% primarily due to the recording of a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company sold the net assets held for sale of IKONICS, resulting in a reversal of existing net deferred tax liabilities and a related tax benefit of $0.3 million recorded in income tax benefit in the consolidated statements of operations during each of the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022.

ASC 740 requires a valuation allowance to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some or a portion or all the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company estimated a portion of its deferred tax assets will be utilized to offset the Company’s deferred tax liabilities. Based upon the level of historical U.S. losses and future projections over the period in which the remaining deferred tax assets are deductible, at this time, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will not realize the benefits of the remaining deductible temporary differences, and as a result the Company has recorded a valuation allowance as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 for the amount of deferred tax assets that will not be realized.

The Company has no unrecognized tax benefits as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest accrued and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense. No accrued interest or penalties were recorded during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.