Schedule of Amount of Expense Associated with Defined Contribution Plans

The amount of expense associated with defined contribution plans was as follows:


	Year Ended September 30,
	2024		2023		2022
Company costs	$	51,148	$	44,202	$	40,898

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule of Changes in Projected Benefit Obligations, Fair Value of Plan Assets, and Funded Status of Plan

The following tables provide a reconciliation of the changes in the projected benefit obligation and fair value of assets for the defined benefit pension plans:


	At or for the Year Ended September 30,
	United States						Other Countries						Total
	2024			2023			2024			2023			2024			2023
Changes in projected benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year	$	127,222		$	132,444		$	67,263		$	65,477		$	194,485		$	197,921
Plan amendment		1,121			—			—			—			1,121			—
Service cost		775			893			1,244			1,333			2,019			2,226
Interest cost		7,598			7,297			3,213			3,137			10,811			10,434
Net actuarial losses (gains)		13,249			(4,946	)		4,128			(4,442	)		17,377			(9,388	)
Contribution by participants		—			—			12			11			12			11
Benefits paid		(9,010	)		(8,466	)		(3,647	)		(3,365	)		(12,657	)		(11,831	)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		—			—			5,134			5,112			5,134			5,112
Projected benefit obligation at end of year	$	140,955		$	127,222		$	77,347		$	67,263		$	218,302		$	194,485
Changes in fair value of plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year	$	155,370		$	154,481		$	50,775		$	47,579		$	206,145		$	202,060
Actual return on plan assets		33,382			9,355			3,866			573			37,248			9,928
Contributions by the Company		175			—			1,863			2,322			2,038			2,322
Contributions by plan participants		—			—			12			11			12			11
Benefits paid		(9,010	)		(8,466	)		(3,647	)		(3,365	)		(12,657	)		(11,831	)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		—			—			4,607			3,655			4,607			3,655
Fair value of plan assets at end of year	$	179,917		$	155,370		$	57,476		$	50,775		$	237,393		$	206,145
Net over/(under) funded status at end of year	$	38,962		$	28,148		$	(19,871	)	$	(16,488	)	$	19,091		$	11,660

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Balance Sheets and Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Earnings) Losses

The following tables provide the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and accumulated other comprehensive (earnings) losses for the defined benefit pension plans:


	Year Ended September 30,
	United States						Other Countries						Total
	2024			2023			2024			2023			2024			2023
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
Other non-current assets	$	39,148		$	29,172		$	16,673		$	14,167		$	55,821		$	43,339
Accrued liabilities		—			—			(1,166	)		(1,084	)		(1,166	)		(1,084	)
Other non-current liabilities		(186	)		(1,024	)		(35,378	)		(29,571	)		(35,564	)		(30,595	)
Net over/(under) funded status at end of year	$	38,962		$	28,148		$	(19,871	)	$	(16,488	)	$	19,091		$	11,660
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (earnings) losses consist of:
Unrecognized net prior service cost	$	3,200		$	2,777		$	509		$	487		$	3,709		$	3,264
Unrecognized net losses (gains)		(2,749	)		8,527			(4,655	)		(7,847	)		(7,404	)		680
Total amounts recognized		451			11,304			(4,146	)		(7,360	)		(3,695	)		3,944
Deferred taxes		(3,499	)		(6,101	)		(191	)		808			(3,690	)		(5,293	)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (earnings) losses	$	(3,048	)	$	5,203		$	(4,337	)	$	(6,552	)	$	(7,385	)	$	(1,349	)

Schedule of Expected Benefit Payments

Pension benefit payments are made from the assets of the pension plans. The German pension plans are unfunded; therefore, benefit payments are made from Company contributions into these plans as required to meet the payment obligations. Using foreign exchange rates as of September 30, 2024 and expected future service assumptions, it is anticipated that the future benefit payments will be as follows:


Year Ending September 30,	United States		Other Countries		Total
2025	$	9,637	$	3,553	$	13,190
2026		9,997		3,656		13,653
2027		10,253		3,768		14,021
2028		10,481		4,047		14,528
2029		10,655		4,097		14,752
2030-2034		53,308		24,350		77,658

Schedule of Allocation of Plan Assets, Fair Value Hierarchy

The following tables present Woodward’s pension plan assets using the fair value hierarchy established by U.S. GAAP:


	At September 30, 2024
	Level 1				Level 2				Level 3
	United States		Other Countries		United States		Other Countries		United States		Other Countries		Total
Asset Category:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	3,370	$	2,130	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	5,500
Mutual funds:
U.S. corporate bond fund		121,581		—		—		—		—		—		121,581
U.S. equity large cap fund		33,454		—		—		—		—		—		33,454
International equity large cap growth fund		21,512		—		—		—		—		—		21,512
Pooled funds:
Japanese equity securities		—		—		—		1,939		—		—		1,939
International equity securities		—		—		—		1,786		—		—		1,786
Japanese fixed income securities		—		—		—		4,157		—		—		4,157
International fixed income securities		—		—		—		1,409		—		—		1,409
Index linked U.K. corporate bonds fund		—		—		—		17,085		—		—		17,085
Index linked U.K. government securities fund		—		—		—		12,049		—		—		12,049
Index linked U.K. long-term government securities fund		—		—		—		14,924		—		—		14,924
Index U.K long-term government securities fund		—		—		—		1,997		—		—		1,997
Total assets	$	179,917	$	2,130	$	—	$	55,346	$	—	$	—	$	237,393


	At September 30, 2023
	Level 1				Level 2				Level 3
	United States		Other Countries		United States		Other Countries		United States		Other Countries		Total
Asset Category:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,385	$	149	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	2,534
Mutual funds:
U.S. corporate bond fund		103,401		—		—		—		—		—		103,401
U.S. equity large cap fund		31,136		—		—		—		—		—		31,136
International equity large cap growth fund		18,448		—		—		—		—		—		18,448
Pooled funds:
Japanese equity securities		—		—		—		1,830		—		—		1,830
International equity securities		—		—		—		1,600		—		—		1,600
Japanese fixed income securities		—		—		—		3,785		—		—		3,785
International fixed income securities		—		—		—		1,287		—		—		1,287
Global target return equity/bond fund		—		—		—		8,719		—		—		8,719
Index linked U.K. corporate bonds fund		—		—		—		14,319		—		—		14,319
Index linked U.K. government securities fund		—		—		—		14,601		—		—		14,601
Index linked U.K. long-term government securities fund		—		—		—		4,485		—		—		4,485
Total assets	$	155,370	$	149	$	—	$	50,626	$	—	$	—	$	206,145

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule of Net Periodic Benefit Costs

Net periodic benefit costs consist of the following components reflected as expense in Woodward’s Consolidated Statements of Earnings:


	Year Ended September 30,
	2024			2023			2022
Service cost	$	—		$	1		$	1
Interest cost		902			904			577
Amortization of:
Net gain		(555	)		(495	)		(94	)
Net periodic cost	$	347		$	410		$	484

Schedule of Amounts Recognized in Balance Sheets and Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Earnings) Losses

The following tables provide the amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and accumulated other comprehensive (earnings) losses for the postretirement plans:


	Year Ended September 30,
	2024			2023
Amounts recognized in Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of:
Accrued liabilities	$	(1,668	)	$	(1,739	)
Other non-current liabilities		(13,535	)		(13,597	)
Funded status at end of year	$	(15,203	)	$	(15,336	)
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income consist of:
Unrecognized net prior service cost (benefit)	$	—		$	—
Unrecognized net gains		(5,260	)		(6,412	)
Total amounts recognized		(5,260	)		(6,412	)
Deferred taxes		1,009			1,292
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (earnings)	$	(4,251	)	$	(5,120	)

Schedule of Health Care Cost Trend Rates

Assumed healthcare cost trend rates at September 30, were as follows:


	2024			2023
Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year		6.00	%		6.00	%
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline
(the ultimate trend rate)		5.00	%		5.00	%
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate	2030			2030

Schedule of Actuarial Assumptions Used

The actuarial assumptions used in measuring the net periodic benefit cost and plan obligations of retirement pension benefits were as follows:


	At September 30,
	2024			2023			2022
United States:
Weighted-average assumptions to determine benefit obligation:
Discount rate		5.05	%		6.20	%		5.70	%
Weighted-average assumptions to determine periodic benefit costs:
Discount rate		6.20			5.70			3.05
Long-term rate of return on plan assets		6.03			5.53			5.00

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]

Schedule of Actuarial Assumptions Used


	At September 30,
	2024			2023			2022
Japan:
Weighted-average assumptions to determine benefit obligation:
Discount rate		1.92	%		2.01	%		1.60	%
Rate of compensation increase		3.00			2.00			2.00
Weighted-average assumptions to determine periodic benefit costs:
Discount rate - service cost		2.20			1.78			1.13
Discount rate - interest cost		1.58			1.17			0.65
Rate of compensation increase		2.00			2.00			2.25
Long-term rate of return on plan assets		3.25			2.75			2.00

Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]