wwd-20190331 Q2

WOODWARD, INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

Note 1. Basis of presentation

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements of Woodward, Inc. (“Woodward” or the “Company”) as of March 31, 2019 and for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018, included herein, have not been audited by an independent registered public accounting firm. These Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all normal recurring adjustments that, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly Woodward’s financial position as of March 31, 2019, and the statements of earnings, comprehensive earnings, cash flows, and changes in stockholders’ equity for the periods presented herein. The results of operations for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 are not necessarily indicative of the operating results to be expected for other interim periods or for the full fiscal year. Dollar and share amounts contained in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands, except per share amounts.

The Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) for interim reporting. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.

These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the audited Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes thereto included in Woodward’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC and other financial information filed with the SEC.

Management is required to use estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, the reported revenues and expenses recognized during the reporting period, and certain financial statement disclosures, in the preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included herein. Significant estimates in these Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include allowances for uncollectible amounts, net realizable value of inventories, variable consideration including customer rebates earned and payable and early payment discounts, warranty reserves, useful lives of property and identifiable intangible assets, the evaluation of impairments of property, the provision for income tax and related valuation reserves, the valuation of assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations, the valuation of derivative instruments, assumptions used in the determination of the funded status and annual expense of pension and postretirement employee benefit plans, the valuation of stock compensation instruments granted to employees, board members and any other eligible recipients, estimates of total lifetime sales used in the recognition of revenue of deferred material rights and balance sheet classification of the related contract liability, estimates of total sales contract costs when recognizing revenue under the cost-to-cost method, and contingencies. Actual results could vary from Woodward’s estimates.

In the September 30, 2018 Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, “Accounts receivable” has increased by $183 and “Other current assets” has decreased by $183, reflecting the reclassification of current unbilled receivables to “Accounts receivable” in order to conform to the current year presentation.

Note 2. New accounting standards

From time to time, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) or other standards setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”).

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans - General (Topic 715-20): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plan.” ASU 2018-14 amends ASC 715 to add, remove, and modify disclosure requirements related to defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. The ASU’s changes to disclosures aim to improve the effectiveness of ASC 715’s disclosure requirements under the FASB’s disclosure framework project. ASU 2018-14 is effective for public entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020 (fiscal year 2022 for Woodward). ASU 2018-14 does not impact the interim disclosure requirements of ASC 715. The amendments in ASU 2018-14 should be applied on a retrospective basis to all periods presented. Early adoption is permitted. Woodward expects to adopt the new and modified disclosures requirements of this new guidance in fiscal year 2022.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” ASU 2018-02 allows a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the enactment of tax reform under H.R.1, “An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal Year 2018” (the “Tax Act”) (also known as “The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”), and provides guidance on the disclosure requirements regarding the stranded tax effects. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (fiscal year 2020 for Woodward), and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in ASU 2018-02 may be applied retrospectively in the period of adoption to all periods in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Act is recognized or may be applied as of the beginning of the period of adoption. Woodward is currently assessing the impact of the adoption of the new guidance and has not yet elected the method of adoption it will apply. Woodward expects to adopt the new guidance under ASU 2018-02 in fiscal year 2020. Upon adoption, if Woodward elects to reclassify under ASU 2018-02, a portion of accumulated other comprehensive earnings would be reclassified to retained earnings.

In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-07, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” ASU 2017-07 requires that the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs from defined benefit and other postretirement benefit plans be included in the same statement of earnings captions as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the covered employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are presented in the statement of earnings separately from service costs. ASU 2017-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2017 (fiscal year 2019 for Woodward). Following adoption, only service costs will be eligible for capitalization into manufactured inventories, which should reduce diversity in practice. The amendments of ASU 2017-07 must be applied retrospectively for the presentation of the service cost component and the other components of net periodic benefit costs from defined benefit and other postretirement benefit plans in the statement of earnings and prospectively, on and after the effective date, for the capitalization of the service cost component into manufactured inventories. Woodward adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2018 and concluded it had no impact on net earnings. As a result of the adoption of ASU 2017-07, only the service component of net periodic benefit costs from defined benefit and other postretirement benefit plans are included in cost of goods sold and selling, general and administrative expenses. All other net periodic benefit costs, other than interest cost, are included in other expense (income), net. The interest cost component of net periodic benefit costs is included in interest expense as Woodward believes it is more similar to the elements within interest expense than other expense (income), net, which combines several elements that are heterogeneous (see Note 17, Other (income) expense, net.), thus improving consistency for users of the financial statements.

The following table shows the impact of retrospectively applying this guidance to the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Earnings for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018.


	Three-Months Ended March 31, 2018						Six-Months Ended March 31, 2018
	As previously reported		Adjustment		As recast		As previously reported		Adjustment		As recast
Net sales	$	548,249	$	-	$	548,249	$	1,018,397	$	-	$	1,018,397
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold		401,331		828		402,159		748,115		1,671		749,786
Selling, general, and administrative expenses		39,486		269		39,755		85,762		452		86,214
Research and development costs		37,169		-		37,169		71,955		-		71,955
Restructuring charges		17,013		-		17,013		17,013		-		17,013
Interest expense		6,687		2,136		8,823		13,437		4,258		17,695
Interest income		(471)		-		(471)		(834)		-		(834)
Other (income) expense, net		(1,613)		(3,233)		(4,846)		(3,185)		(6,381)		(9,566)
Total costs and expenses		499,602		-		499,602		932,263		-		932,263
Earnings before income taxes		48,647		-		48,647		86,134		-		86,134
Income tax expense		10,158		-		10,158		29,385		-		29,385
Net earnings	$	38,489	$	-	$	38,489	$	56,749	$	-	$	56,749

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, “Accounting for Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Asset Transfers of Assets Other than Inventory.” ASU 2016-16 eliminates the current U.S. GAAP exception deferring the tax effects of intercompany asset transfers (other than inventory) until the transferred asset is sold to a third party or otherwise recovered through use. After adoption of ASU 2016-16, Woodward will recognize the tax consequences of intercompany asset transfers in the buyer’s and seller’s tax jurisdictions when the transfer occurs, even though the pre-tax effects of these transactions are eliminated in consolidation. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 (fiscal year 2019 for Woodward), including interim periods within the year of adoption. Woodward adopted the new guidance on October 1, 2018. Modified retrospective adoption is required with any cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. The cumulative impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-16 of $1,005 was recognized at the date of adoption as a decrease to both retained earnings and other current assets at the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments.” ASU 2016-13 adds a current expected credit loss (“CECL”) impairment model to U.S. GAAP that is based on expected losses rather than incurred losses. Modified retrospective adoption is required with any cumulative-effect adjustment recorded to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of adoption. ASU 2016-13 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019 (fiscal year 2021 for Woodward), including interim periods within the year of adoption. Early adoption is permitted for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (fiscal year 2020 for Woodward), including interim periods within those fiscal years. Woodward expects to adopt the new guidance in fiscal year 2021. Woodward does not expect the application of the CECL impairment model to have a significant impact on Woodward’s allowance for uncollectible amounts for accounts receivable and notes receivable from municipalities.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842).” The purpose of ASU 2016-02 is to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets and lease liabilities except for short-term leases on the balance sheet, and provide additional disclosure information about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 modifies the definition of a lease to clarify that an arrangement contains a lease when such arrangement conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (fiscal year 2020 for Woodward), including interim periods within the year of adoption. Woodward will adopt the new guidance on October 1, 2019, the first day of fiscal year 2020. Originally under ASU 2016-02, an organization was required upon adoption to recognize and measure leases beginning in the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach and restate the financial statements for all periods presented. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842) Targeted Improvements,” which amends ASU 2016-02 to provide organizations with a new (and optional) transition method permitting the recognition of a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on the date of adoption, rather than requiring retrospective restatement of prior periods. Woodward expects to elect the new transition method resulting in a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings on October 1, 2019.

Woodward is currently assessing the impact this guidance may have on its Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, including which of its existing lease arrangements will be impacted by the new guidance. In anticipation of adopting ASU 2016-02 on October 1, 2019, Woodward has developed a comprehensive project plan and established a cross-functional global project team. The project plan includes reviewing various forms of leases, analyzing the optional practical expedients available in ASC 2016-02, and updating Woodward’s business processes and controls to meet the requirements of ASU 2016-02, as necessary. Woodward expects the most significant effects of the adoption of ASU 2016-02 will be the recognition of operating lease ROU assets and lease liabilities on its balance sheets and changes to the accounting for the Company’s loss reserve on contractual lease commitments. Rent expense for all operating leases in fiscal year 2018, none of which was recognized on the balance sheet, was $8,348. As of September 30, 2018, future minimum rental payments required under operating leases, none of which were recognized on the balance sheet, were $26,020.

Note 3. Revenue

Adoption of ASC 606

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and has subsequently issued several supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs (collectively “ASC 606”). ASC 606 prescribes a single common revenue standard that replaces most existing U.S. GAAP revenue recognition guidance. Woodward adopted ASC 606 on October 1, 2018 and elected the modified retrospective transition method. The results for periods prior to fiscal year 2019 were not adjusted for the new standard and the cumulative effect of the change in accounting of $28,927 was recognized as a net increase to retained earnings at the date of adoption.

Woodward has elected to apply the modified retrospective method only to contracts that were not completed as of October 1, 2018. As a practical expedient under ASC 606, Woodward elected to reflect the aggregate effect of all

modifications that occurred before the beginning of fiscal year 2019 to contracts for which Woodward had not recognized all revenue as of October 1, 2018 as part of the adjustment to retained earnings at the date of adoption.

Revenue Recognition Policy

Revenue is recognized on contracts with Woodward’s customers for arrangements in which quantities and pricing are fixed and/or determinable and are generally based on customer purchase orders, often within the framework of a long-term supply arrangement with the customer. Woodward has determined that it is the principal in its sales transactions, as Woodward is primarily responsible for fulfilling the promised performance obligations, has discretion to establish the selling price, and generally assumes the inventory risk. A performance obligation is a promise in a contract with a customer to transfer a distinct product or service to the customer. Woodward recognizes revenue for performance obligations within a customer contract when control of the associated product or service is transferred to the customer. Some of Woodward’s contracts with customers contain a single performance obligation, while other contracts contain multiple performance obligations. Each product within a contract generally represents a separate performance obligation as Woodward does not provide significant installation and integration services, the products do not customize each other, and the products can function independently of each other.

A contract's transaction price is allocated to each distinct performance obligation and recognized as revenue when, or as, the customer obtains control of the associated product or service. When there are multiple performance obligations within a contract, Woodward generally uses the observable standalone sales price for each distinct product or service within the contract to allocate the transaction price to the distinct products or services. In instances when a standalone sales price for each product or service is not observable within the contract, Woodward allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation using an estimate of the standalone selling price for each product or service, which is generally based on incurred costs plus a reasonable margin, for each distinct product or service in the contract.

When determining the transaction price of each contract, Woodward considers contractual consideration payable by the customer and variable consideration that may affect the total transaction price. Variable consideration, consisting of early payment discounts, rebates and other sources of price variability, are included in the estimated transaction price based on both customer-specific information as well as historical experience. Woodward’s contracts with customers generally do not include a financing component. Woodward regularly reviews its estimates of variable consideration on the transaction price and recognizes changes in estimates on a cumulative catch-up basis as if the most current estimate of the transaction price adjusted for variable consideration had been known as of the inception of the contract. In the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, Woodward did not recognize a significant amount of revenue due to changes in transaction price from performance obligations that were satisfied, or partially satisfied, in prior periods.

Customers sometimes trade in used products in exchange for new or refurbished products. In addition, Woodward’s customers sometimes provide inventory to Woodward which will be integrated into final products sold to those customers. Woodward obtains control of these exchanged products and customer provided inventory, and therefore, both are forms of noncash consideration. Noncash consideration paid by customers on overall sales transactions is additive to the transaction price. Woodward’s net sales and cost of goods sold include the value of such noncash consideration for the same amount, with no resulting impact to earnings before income taxes. Upon receipt of such inventory, Woodward recognizes an inventory asset and a contract liability. Woodward recognized revenue of $27,705 for the three-months and $44,762 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, related to noncash consideration received from customers. The Aerospace segment recognized $27,308 for the three-months and $44,014 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, while the Industrial segment recognized $397 for the three-months and $748 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019.

Sales of Products

Woodward primarily generates revenue through the manufacture and sale of engineered aerospace and industrial products, including revenue derived from maintenance, repair and overhaul (“MRO”) performance obligations performed on products originally manufactured by Woodward and subsequently returned by original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) or other end-user customers. The majority of Woodward’s costs incurred to satisfy MRO performance obligations are related to replacing and/or refurbishing component parts of the returned products to restore the units back to a condition generally comparable to that of the unit upon its initial sale to an OEM customer. Therefore, Woodward considers almost all of its revenue to be derived from product sales, including those related to MRO.

Revenue from manufactured and MRO products represented 87% and 12%, respectively, of Woodward’s net sales for both the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019.

Many Woodward products include embedded software or firmware that is critical to the performance of the product as designed. As the embedded software or firmware is essential to the functioning of the products sold it does not represent a

distinct performance obligation separate from the related tangible product in which the software or firmware is embedded. Woodward does not generally sell or license software or firmware on a standalone basis. Software or firmware upgrades, if any, are generally paid for by the customer and treated as separate performance obligations.

The products Woodward sells generally are not subject to risk of return, refund or other similar obligations. Woodward’s sales include product warranty arrangements with customers which are generally assurance-type warranties, rather than service-type warranties. Accordingly, Woodward accounts for warranty related promises to its customers as a guarantee for which a warranty liability is recorded when the related product or service is sold, rather than as a distinct performance obligation accounted for separately from the sale of the underlying product or service. Warranty liabilities are accrued for based on specifically identified warranty issues that are probable to result in future costs, or on a non-specific basis whenever past experience indicates that a normal and predictable pattern exists.

Revenue from shipping and handling activities charged to customers are included in net sales when invoiced to the customer and the related costs are included in cost of goods sold. As a practical expedient under ASC 606, Woodward has elected to account for the costs of shipping and handling activities as a cost to fulfill a contract and not a promised product or service. Shipping and handling costs relating to the sale of products recognized at a point in time are recognized as incurred. Shipping and handling costs relating to the sale of products or services recognized over time are accrued and recognized during the earnings process.

Material Rights and Costs to Fulfill a Contract

Customers sometimes pay consideration to Woodward for product engineering and development activities that do not result in the immediate transfer of distinct products or services to the customer. There is an implicit assumption that without the customer making such advance payments to Woodward, Woodward’s future sales of products or services to the customer would be at a higher selling price; therefore, such payments create a “material right” to the customer that effectively gives the customer an option to acquire future products or services, at a discount, that are dependent upon the product engineering and development. Material rights are recorded as contract liabilities and will be recognized when control of the related products or services are transferred to the customer.

Woodward capitalizes costs of product engineering and development identified as material rights up to the amount of customer funding as costs to fulfill a contract because the costs incurred up to the amount of the customer funding commitment are recoverable. Due to the uncertainty of the product success and/or demand, fulfillment costs in excess of the customer funding are expensed as incurred. Woodward recognizes the deferred material rights as revenue based on a percentage of actual sales to total estimated lifetime sales of the related developed products as the customers exercise their option to acquire additional products or services at a discount. Woodward amortizes the capitalized costs to fulfill a contract as cost of goods sold proportionally to the recognition of the associated deferred material rights. Estimated total lifetime sales are reviewed at least annually and more frequently when circumstances warrant a modification to the previous estimate. For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 Woodward recognized an increase in revenue of $915 and $1,535, respectively, and cost of goods sold of $141 and $323, respectively, related to changes in estimated total lifetime sales.

As of March 31, 2019, other assets included $99,984 of capitalized costs to fulfill contracts with customers. Other than amounts related to changes in estimate, during the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, Woodward amortized no capitalized costs to fulfill contracts with customers to cost of goods sold.

In 2016, Woodward contributed certain contractual rights and intellectual property to a joint venture with the General Electric Company (“GE”). In exchange for a 50% ownership interest in the joint venture and future rights to purchase products from the joint venture at favorable pricing, GE agreed to pay total consideration of $323,410 to Woodward. Under previous accounting guidance, Woodward concluded that the formation of the joint venture was not the culmination of an earnings event and deferred recognition of the consideration paid until earned in the future. Under ASC 606, Woodward also concluded that the formation of the joint venture was not a culmination of an earnings event and has further concluded that the consideration paid or receivable from GE represents a material right. Accordingly, under both ASC 606 and the previous standard, Woodward concluded it was appropriate to defer the consideration received as a liability and recognized it as an increase to net sales in proportion to revenue realized on sales of applicable fuel systems within the scope of the joint venture. Recognition to net sales in a particular period is determined as a percentage of total revenue expected to be realized by Woodward over the estimated remaining lives of the underlying commercial aircraft engine programs assigned to the joint venture. As of the adoption of ASC 606, Woodward has classified this as a contract liability with both a current and noncurrent portion. For further discussion of Woodward’s joint venture, see Note 6, Joint venture.

Woodward does not record incremental costs of obtaining a contract, as Woodward does not pay sales commissions or incur other incremental costs related to contracts with Woodward’s customers for arrangements in which quantities and pricing are fixed and/or determinable.

Point in time and over time revenue recognition

Approximately one-half of Woodward’s customer contracts are recognized at the point in time when control of the products transfers to the customer, generally upon shipment of products, consistent with Woodward’s historical revenue recognition model. The remaining portion of Woodward’s revenues from sales of products and services to customers is recognized over time, rather than at a point in time, due primarily to the terms of certain customer contracts and/or the type of performance obligation being satisfied, as described below.

The following table reflects the amount of revenue recognized as point in time or over time for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three-Months Ended March 31, 2019						Six-Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Aerospace		Industrial		Consolidated		Aerospace		Industrial		Consolidated
Point in time	$	208,183	$	163,623	$	371,806	$	372,197	$	335,785	$	707,982
Over time		274,771		112,267		387,038		503,644		200,029		703,673
Total net sales	$	482,954	$	275,890	$	758,844	$	875,841	$	535,814	$	1,411,655

Point in time

Control of the products generally transfers to the customer at a point in time, as the customer does not control the products as they are produced. Woodward exercises judgment and considers the timing of right of payment, transfer of the risk and rewards, transfers of title, transfer of physical possession, and customer acceptance when determining when control of the product transfers to the customer, generally upon shipment of products, consistent with Woodward’s historical revenue recognition model.

Over time

Performance obligations are satisfied and revenue is recognized over time if: (i) the customer receives the benefits as Woodward performs work, if the customer controls the asset as it is being enhanced, or if the product being produced for the customer has no alternative use to Woodward; and (ii) Woodward has an enforceable right to payment with a profit. For products being produced for the customer that have no alternative use to Woodward and Woodward has an enforceable right to payment with a profit, and where the products are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer to the customer, revenue is recognized as a series of distinct products. As Woodward satisfies MRO performance obligations, revenue is recognized over time, as the customer, rather than Woodward, controls the asset being enhanced. When services are provided, revenue from those services is recognized over time because control is transferred continuously to customers as Woodward performs the work. As a practical expedient, revenue for services that are short-term in nature are recognized using an output method as the customer is invoiced, as the invoiced amount corresponds directly to Woodward’s performance to date on the arrangement.

For services that are not short-term in nature, MRO, and sales of products that have no alternative use to Woodward and an enforceable right to payment with a profit, Woodward uses an actual cost input measure to determine the extent of progress towards completion of the performance obligation. For these revenue streams, revenue is recognized over time as work is performed based on the relationship between actual costs incurred to-date for each contract and the total estimated costs for such contract at completion of the performance obligation (the cost-to-cost method). Woodward has concluded that this measure of progress best depicts the transfer of assets to the customer, because incurred costs are integral to Woodward’s completion of the performance obligation under the specific customer contract and correlate directly to the transfer of control to the customer. Contract costs include labor, material and overhead. Contract cost estimates are based on various assumptions to project the outcome of future events. These assumptions include labor productivity and availability; the complexity of the work to be performed; the cost and availability of materials; the performance of subcontractors; and the availability and timing of funding from the customer. Revenues, including estimated fees or profits, are recorded proportionally as costs are incurred.

As a significant change in one or more of these estimates could affect the profitability of its contracts, Woodward reviews and updates its estimates regularly upon receipt of new contracts with customers. Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is reasonably possible that completion costs will be revised. Such revisions to costs and revenue are

recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined as a cumulative catch-up adjustment. The impact of the adjustment on profit recorded to date on a contract is recognized in the period the adjustment is identified. Revenue and profit in future periods of contract performance are recognized using the adjusted estimate. If at any time the estimate of contract profitability indicates an anticipated loss on the contract, Woodward recognizes provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts in the period in which such losses are determined. For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, adjustments to revenue related to changes in estimates were immaterial.

Occasionally Woodward sells maintenance or service arrangements, extended warranties, or other stand ready services. Woodward recognizes revenue from such arrangements as a series of performance obligations over the time period in which the services are available to the customer.

Contract assets

Customer receivables include amounts billed and currently due from customers as well as unbilled amounts (contract assets) and are included in “Accounts receivable” in Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amounts are billed in accordance with contractual terms, which are generally tied to shipment of the products to the customer, or as work progresses in accordance with contractual terms. Billed accounts receivable are typically due within 60 days.

Consistent with common business practice in China, Woodward’s Chinese subsidiaries accept bankers’ acceptance notes from Chinese customers in settlement of certain customer billed accounts receivable. Bankers’ acceptance notes are financial instruments issued by Chinese financial institutions as part of financing arrangements between the financial institution and a customer of the financial institution. Bankers’ acceptance notes represent a commitment by the issuing financial institution to pay a certain amount of money at a specified future maturity date to the legal owner of the bankers’ acceptance note as of the maturity date. The maturity date of bankers’ acceptance notes varies, but it is Woodward’s policy to only accept bankers’ acceptance notes with maturity dates no more than 180 days from the date of Woodward’s receipt of such draft. Woodward has elected to adopt the practical expedient to not adjust the promised amounts of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component at contract inception as the financing component associated with accepting bankers’ acceptance notes has a duration of less than one year. Woodward’s contracts with customers generally have no other financing components.

Unbilled amounts arise when the timing of billing differs from the timing of revenue recognized, such as when contract provisions require revenue to be recognized over time rather than at a point in time. Unbilled amounts primarily relate to performance obligations satisfied over time when the cost-to-cost method is utilized and the revenue recognized exceeds the amount billed to the customer as there is not yet a right to payment in accordance with contractual terms. Unbilled amounts are recorded as a contract asset when the revenue associated with the contract is recognized prior to billing and derecognized when billed in accordance with the terms of the contract.

Accounts receivable consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2019		September 30, 2018
Billed receivables
Trade accounts receivable	$	399,150	$	403,590
Other (Chinese financial institutions)		60,537		23,191
Less: Allowance for uncollectible amounts		(4,033)		(3,938)
Net billed receivables		455,654		422,843
Current unbilled receivables (contract assets), net		136,682		9,160
Total accounts receivable, net	$	592,336	$	432,003

As of the October 1, 2018 adoption of ASC 606, Woodward recognized unbilled receivables of $104,907. The remaining change in unbilled receivables was driven by the timing of revenue recognized in excess of billings, primarily in Woodward’s Aerospace segment.

In addition, as of March 31, 2019 “Other assets” on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets includes $241 of unbilled receivables not expected to be invoiced and collected within a period of twelve months. As of September 30, 2018, there were no unbilled receivables not expected to be invoiced and collected within a period of twelve months.

Customer billed receivables are recorded at face amounts, less an allowance for doubtful accounts. In establishing the amount of the allowance related to the credit risk of accounts receivable, customer-specific information is considered related to delinquent accounts, past loss experience, bankruptcy filings, deterioration in the customer’s operating results or financial position, and current economic conditions. Bad debt losses are deducted from the allowance, and the related accounts receivable balances are written off when the receivables are deemed uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable

previously written off are recognized when received. In the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, receivables written off were immaterial. An allowance associated with anticipated other adjustments to the selling price or cash discounts is also established and is included in the allowance for uncollectible amounts. Changes to this allowance are recorded as increases or decreases to net sales as adjustments to the transaction price related to variable consideration. In establishing this amount, both customer-specific information and historical experience are considered.

Unbilled receivables are stated net of adjustments for credit risk and the anticipated impacts of variable consideration on the transaction price, as applicable.

Billed and unbilled accounts receivable from the U.S. Government were less than 10% of total billed and unbilled accounts receivable at March 31, 2019.

Contract liabilities

Advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized represent contract liabilities and are recorded as deferred revenues when customers remit contractual cash payments in advance of Woodward satisfying performance obligations under contractual arrangements, including those with performance obligations satisfied over time. Woodward generally receives advance payments from customers related to maintenance or service arrangements, extended warranties, or other stand ready services, which it recognizes over the performance period. Contract liabilities are derecognized when revenue is recognized and the performance obligation is satisfied. Advance payments and billings in excess of revenue recognized are included in deferred revenue, which is classified as current or noncurrent based on the timing of when Woodward expects to recognize revenue. The current portion is included in “Accrued liabilities” and the noncurrent portion is included in “Other liabilities” at Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract liabilities consisted of the following:


	March 31, 2019				September 30, 2018
		Current		Noncurrent		Current		Noncurrent
Deferred revenue from material rights from GE joint venture formation	$	6,897	$	235,961	$	7,087	$	235,300
Deferred revenue from advance invoicing and/or prepayments from customers		4,766		-		2,572		-
Liability related to customer supplied inventory		17,258		-		-		-
Deferred revenue from material rights related to engineering and development funding		1,610		95,303		-		-
Net contract liabilities	$	30,531	$	331,264	$	9,659	$	235,300

As of the October 1, 2018 adoption of ASC 606, Woodward recognized current liabilities for the noncash consideration provided to Woodward in the form of customer supplied inventory of $13,141 and current and noncurrent liabilities for deferred revenue from material rights related to engineering and development funding of $664 and $79,347, respectively. All other changes in contract liability balances were due to normal operating activities.

Woodward recognized revenue of $10,552 in the three-months and $20,312 in the six-months ended March 31, 2019 from contract liabilities balances recorded as of October 1, 2018.

Remaining performance obligations

Remaining performance obligations related to the aggregate amount of the total contract transaction price of firm orders for which the performance obligation has not yet been recognized in revenue as of March 31, 2019 was $1,729,877, the majority of which relate to Woodward’s Aerospace segment. Woodward expects to recognize almost all of these remaining performance obligations within two years after March 31, 2019.

Remaining performance obligations related to material rights that have not yet been recognized in revenue as of March 31, 2019 was $417,054, of which $5,132 is expected to be recognized in the remainder of fiscal year 2019, $14,082 is expected to be recognized in fiscal year 2020, and the balance is expected to be recognized thereafter. Woodward expects to recognize revenue from performance obligations related to material rights over the life of the underlying programs, which may be as long as forty years.

Financial statement impact of the adoption of ASC 606

The following schedule quantifies the impact of adopting ASC 606 on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of October 1, 2018. The effect of the new standard represents the increase (decrease) in the line item based on the adoption of ASC 606:


	September 30, 2018 as reported		Effect of ASC 606		October 1, 2018 as adjusted
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	83,594	$	-	$	83,594
Accounts receivable, net (1)(2)		432,003		104,907		536,910
Inventories (1)(2)		549,596		(55,002)		494,594
Income taxes receivable (5)		6,397		(959)		5,438
Other current assets		43,207		(154)		43,053
Total current assets		1,114,797		48,792		1,163,589
Property, plant and equipment, net		1,060,005		-		1,060,005
Goodwill		813,250		-		813,250
Intangible assets, net (4)		700,883		(2,519)		698,364
Deferred income tax assets (5)		16,570		(975)		15,595
Other assets (1)(2)(3)		85,144		85,865		171,009
Total assets	$	3,790,649	$	131,163	$	3,921,812

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$	153,635	$	-	$	153,635
Accounts payable		226,285		-		226,285
Income taxes payable (5)		16,745		4,141		20,886
Accrued liabilities (2)(3)		194,513		15,672		210,185
Total current liabilities		591,178		19,813		610,991
Long-term debt, less current portion		1,092,397		-		1,092,397
Deferred income tax liabilities (5)		170,915		3,833		174,748
Other liabilities (3)		398,055		78,631		476,686
Total liabilities		2,252,545		102,277		2,354,822
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock		-		-		-
Common stock		106		-		106
Additional paid-in capital		185,705		-		185,705
Accumulated other comprehensive losses		(74,942)		(41)		(74,983)
Deferred compensation		8,431		-		8,431
Retained earnings		1,966,643		28,927		1,995,570
		2,085,943		28,886		2,114,829
Treasury stock at cost		(539,408)		-		(539,408)
Treasury stock held for deferred compensation		(8,431)		-		(8,431)
Total stockholders’ equity		1,538,104		28,886		1,566,990
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	3,790,649	$	131,163	$	3,921,812

(1)

The adoption of ASC 606 changed the revenue recognition practices for a number of revenue generating activities across Woodward’s businesses, although the most significant impacts are concentrated in product being produced for customers that have no alternative use to Woodward and Woodward has an enforceable right to payment with a profit, and MRO. The revenue related to these activities, which previously was accounted for on a point in time basis, is now required to use an over time model because the associated contracts meet one or more of the mandatory criteria established in ASC 606, as described above, and are included as current unbilled receivables in “Accounts receivable” and noncurrent unbilled receivables in “Other assets.” The change in the timing of revenue recognized in connection with over time contracts similarly changed the timing of manufacturing cost recognition and certain engineering and development costs, which are reflected as a reduction to inventory.

(2)

The value of noncash consideration in the form of exchanged products and other customer provided inventory is reflected in unbilled receivables included in “Accounts receivable,” “Other assets,” and “Inventories,” and in contract liabilities, which are included in “Accrued liabilities.”

(3)

Woodward recorded customer funding of product engineering and development identified as material rights as current and noncurrent deferred revenue contract liabilities included in “Accrued liabilities” and “Other liabilities.” The related customer funded product engineering and development costs were capitalized as costs to fulfill a contract, to the extent of the contractually committed customer funded payments, and are recorded as “Other assets.”

(4)

The net book value of the backlog and customer relationships and contracts intangible assets was adjusted concurrent with the change in the timing of the associated revenue, resulting in a reduction in the net book value of these assets as of the date of adoption.

(5)

The value of tax assets and tax liabilities was impacted by the change in timing of the recognition of assets and liabilities within tax jurisdictions.

The following schedule quantifies the impact of adopting ASC 606 on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019. The effect of the new standard represents the increase (decrease) in the line item based on the adoption of ASC 606.



	Three-Months Ended March 31, 2019						Six-Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Under previous standard		Effect of ASC 606		As reported		Under previous standard		Effect of ASC 606		As reported
Net sales	$	723,227	$	35,617	$	758,844	$	1,355,868	$	55,787	$	1,411,655
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold		539,364		27,477		566,841		1,008,054		50,961		1,059,015
Selling, general, and administrative expenses		54,979		(122)		54,857		107,005		(221)		106,784
Research and development costs		45,637		(1,806)		43,831		84,351		(1,653)		82,698
Interest expense		11,480		-		11,480		23,358		-		23,358
Interest income		(294)		-		(294)		(665)		-		(665)
Other expense (income), net		(8,039)		-		(8,039)		(11,218)		-		(11,218)
Total costs and expenses		643,127		25,549		668,676		1,210,885		49,087		1,259,972
Earnings before income taxes		80,100		10,068		90,168		144,983		6,700		151,683
Income tax expense		10,472		2,117		12,589		23,555		1,429		24,984
Net earnings	$	69,628	$	7,951	$	77,579	$	121,428	$	5,271	$	126,699

Earnings per share
Basic earnings per share	$	1.12	$	0.13	$	1.25	$	1.96	$	0.08	$	2.04
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.08	$	0.12	$	1.20	$	1.89	$	0.08	$	1.97

Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding (Note 4):
Basic		62,175				62,175		61,995				61,995
Diluted		64,564				64,564		64,307				64,307

The adoption of ASC 606 resulted in an increase to net sales and cost of goods sold primarily due to the recognition of noncash consideration in the form of customer supplied inventory and the accelerated recognition of revenue and associated cost of goods sold for over time contracts, which would have been recognized at a point in time under the previous standard. The increases were offset by decreases in revenue and cost of goods sold related to the deferral of amounts due from customers recognized as material rights and over time contracts recognized as of the date of adoption, both of which would otherwise have been recognized as revenue during the periods under the previous standard.

The following schedule quantifies the impact of adopting ASC 606 on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019. The effect of the new standard represents the increase (decrease) in the line item based on the adoption of ASC 606.


	March 31, 2019 under previous standard		Effect of ASC 606		March 31, 2019 as reported
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	65,303	$	-	$	65,303
Accounts receivable, net		460,216		132,120		592,336
Inventories		604,418		(70,098)		534,320
Income taxes receivable		20,497		(6,529)		13,968
Other current assets		38,143		22		38,165
Total current assets		1,188,577		55,515		1,244,092
Property, plant and equipment, net		1,064,388		-		1,064,388
Goodwill		804,461		-		804,461
Intangible assets, net		648,413		(2,319)		646,094
Deferred income tax assets		16,187		(993)		15,194
Other assets		91,197		100,523		191,720
Total assets	$	3,813,223	$	152,726	$	3,965,949

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$	160,000	$	-	$	160,000
Accounts payable		259,665		-		259,665
Income taxes payable		18,361		-		18,361
Accrued liabilities		184,260		20,326		204,586
Total current liabilities		622,286		20,326		642,612
Long-term debt, less current portion		1,000,468		-		1,000,468
Deferred income tax liabilities		159,155		3,676		162,831
Other liabilities		372,591		94,596		467,187
Total liabilities		2,154,500		118,598		2,273,098
Stockholders' equity:
Preferred stock		-		-		-
Common stock		106		-		106
Additional paid-in capital		204,892		-		204,892
Accumulated other comprehensive losses		(64,741)		(70)		(64,811)
Deferred compensation		8,876		-		8,876
Retained earnings		2,068,152		34,198		2,102,350
		2,217,285		34,128		2,251,413
Treasury stock at cost		(549,686)		-		(549,686)
Treasury stock held for deferred compensation		(8,876)		-		(8,876)
Total stockholders' equity		1,658,723		34,128		1,692,851
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity	$	3,813,223	$	152,726	$	3,965,949

The underlying causes of the impacts of the adoption of ASC 606 on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2019 are consistent with those as of the date of adoption, October 1, 2018, as discussed above.

The adoption of ASC 606 did not impact cash provided by or used in operating, investing or financing activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the six-months ended March 31, 2019.

Disaggregation of Revenue

Woodward designs, produces and services reliable, efficient, low-emission, and high-performance energy control products for diverse applications in markets throughout the world. Woodward reports financial results for each of its Aerospace and Industrial reportable segments. Woodward further disaggregates its revenue from contracts with customers by primary market and by geographical area as Woodward believes this best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of its revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

Revenue by primary market for the Aerospace reportable segment was as follows:


	Three-Months Ended		Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Commercial OEM	$	174,343	$	314,851
Commercial aftermarket		139,708		251,056
Defense OEM		123,006		224,842
Defense aftermarket		45,897		85,092
Total Aerospace segment net sales	$	482,954	$	875,841

Revenue by primary market for the Industrial reportable segment was as follows:


	Three-Months Ended		Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Reciprocating engines	$	209,257	$	405,387
Industrial turbines		52,187		101,699
Renewables		14,446		28,728
Total Industrial segment net sales	$	275,890	$	535,814

The customers who account for approximately 10% or more of net sales to each of Woodward’s reportable segments for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 follow:


	Customer
Aerospace	The Boeing Company, General Electric Company, United Technologies
Industrial	Rolls-Royce PLC, Weichai Westport, General Electric Company

Net sales by geographic area, as determined based on the location of the customer, were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31, 2019						Six-Months Ended March 31, 2019
	Aerospace		Industrial		Consolidated		Aerospace		Industrial		Consolidated
United States	$	351,763	$	53,564	$	405,327	$	638,508	$	103,456	$	741,964
Germany		25,068		63,725		88,793		37,817		127,089		164,906
Europe, excluding Germany		48,782		65,131		113,913		88,394		124,479		212,873
Asia		23,292		85,463		108,755		47,298		164,881		212,179
Other countries		34,049		8,007		42,056		63,824		15,909		79,733
Total net sales	$	482,954	$	275,890	$	758,844	$	875,841	$	535,814	$	1,411,655

Note 4. Earnings per share

Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net earnings available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding for the period.

Diluted earnings per share reflects the weighted-average number of shares outstanding after consideration of the dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock.

The following is a reconciliation of net earnings to basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Numerator:
Net earnings	$	77,579	$	38,489	$	126,699	$	56,749
Denominator:
Basic shares outstanding		62,175		61,401		61,995		61,323
Dilutive effect of stock options and restricted stock		2,389		2,349		2,312		2,407
Diluted shares outstanding		64,564		63,750		64,307		63,730
Income per common share:
Basic earnings per share	$	1.25	$	0.63	$	2.04	$	0.93
Diluted earnings per share	$	1.20	$	0.60	$	1.97	$	0.89

The following stock option grants were outstanding during the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, but were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive.



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Options		239		764		1,493		759
Weighted-average option price	$	76.07	$	78.73	$	79.07	$	78.74

The weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for basic and diluted earnings per share included the weighted-average treasury stock shares held for deferred compensation obligations of the following:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Weighted-average treasury stock shares held for deferred compensation obligations		208		200		206		195

Note 5. Business acquisition

In fiscal year 2018, the Company, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, Woodward Aken GmbH (collectively, the “Purchasers”), entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “L’Orange Agreement”) with MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH (“MTU”) and MTU America Inc. (together with MTU, the “Sellers”), both of which were subsidiaries of Rolls-Royce PLC (“Rolls-Royce”). Pursuant to the L’Orange Agreement, the Purchasers agreed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of stock of L’Orange GmbH, together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries in China and Germany, as well as all of the outstanding equity interests of its affiliate, Fluid Mechanics LLC, and their related operations (collectively, “L’Orange”), for total consideration (including cash consideration and the assumption of certain liabilities) of €700,000, or approximately $811,000 based on the foreign currency exchange rate as of the date Woodward executed cross currency swaps in connection with the financing of the transaction as described in Note 8, Derivative instruments and hedging activities. The transactions

contemplated by the L’Orange Agreement were completed on June 1, 2018 (the “Closing”) and L’Orange became a subsidiary of the Company. Following the Closing, L’Orange was renamed “Woodward L’Orange.”

Woodward L’Orange is a supplier of fuel injection systems for industrial diesel, heavy fuel oil and dual-fuel engines. Woodward L’Orange supplies fuel injection technology for engines that power a wide range of industrial applications including marine power and propulsion systems, special-application off road vehicles, locomotives, oil and gas processing, and power generation. Woodward L’Orange serves many large specialist diesel engine manufacturers, including Rolls-Royce Power Systems’ subsidiaries, MTU and Bergen Engines, and other low to high speed engine builders. Woodward L’Orange has been integrated into the Company’s Industrial segment.

In connection with the Closing, MTU and a subsidiary of Rolls-Royce, and Woodward L’Orange, entered into a long-term supply agreement, dated June 1, 2018 (the “LTSA”). Pursuant to the terms of the LTSA, Woodward L’Orange will continue to supply to MTU and its affiliates within Rolls-Royce certain liquid fuel injection systems, injectors, pumps and other associated parts and components for industrial diesel, heavy fuel oil and dual-fuel engines in a manner consistent with the supply of such products prior to the transaction. The LTSA has an initial term that extends through December 31, 2032. During the term of the LTSA, MTU will continue to purchase certain of these products exclusively from Woodward L’Orange, subject to certain limitations specified therein, at pricing negotiated at arms-length.

ASC Topic 805, “Business Combinations” (“ASC 805”), provides a framework to account for acquisition transactions under U.S. GAAP. The preliminary purchase price of L’Orange, prepared consistent with the required ASC 805 framework, is allocated as follows:


Cash paid to Sellers	$	780,401
Less acquired cash and restricted cash		(9,286)
Total purchase price	$	771,115

The cash consideration was financed through the use of cash on hand, the issuance of an aggregate principal amount of $400,000 of senior unsecured notes in a series of private placement transactions and $167,420 borrowed under Woodward’s revolving credit agreement (see Note 14, Credit facilities, short-term borrowings and long-term debt). In connection with these borrowings, the Company entered into cross currency swap transactions, which effectively lowered the interest rate on each tranche of the senior unsecured notes and the borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit agreement (see Note 8, Derivative instruments and hedging activities).

The allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was accounted for under the purchase method of accounting in accordance with ASC 805. Assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the transaction were recorded at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction costs associated with the acquisition were expensed as incurred. Woodward’s preliminary allocation was based on an evaluation of the appropriate fair values and represents management’s best estimate based on available data.

Woodward is in the process of finalizing valuations of current assets, property, plant and equipment (including estimated useful lives), goodwill, intangible assets (including estimated useful lives), and all current and noncurrent liabilities other than the valuation of the pension obligation, the valuation of which is complete. Additionally, Woodward is finalizing the projected combined future tax rate to be applied to the valuation of assets, which could impact the valuation of goodwill and intangible assets. The final determination of the fair value of assets and liabilities will be completed within the one year measurement period as allowed by ASC 805.

The following table, which is preliminary and subject to change, summarizes the estimated fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the Closing. Any potential adjustments will be made retroactively and could be material to the preliminary values presented below.



Accounts receivable	$	26,538
Inventories (1)		72,392
Other current assets		1,385
Property, plant, and equipment		89,772
Goodwill		257,447
Intangible assets		573,427
Total assets acquired		1,020,961
Other current liabilities		41,997
Deferred income tax liabilities		166,927
Other noncurrent liabilities		40,922
Total liabilities assumed		249,846
Net assets acquired	$	771,115

(1)

Inventories include a $16,324 adjustment to state work in progress and finished goods inventories at their fair value as of the acquisition date. The entire inventory fair value adjustment was recognized as a noncash increase to cost of goods sold ratably over the estimated inventory turnover period during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018.

In connection with the acquisition of L’Orange, Woodward assumed the defined benefit pension obligations of the L’Orange defined benefit pension plans (the “Woodward L’Orange Pension Plans”). Woodward’s assumption of the liability associated with the Woodward L’Orange Pension Plans was part of the total consideration paid by Woodward to acquire L’Orange and thus reduced Woodward’s cash payment for the transaction. As of June 1, 2018, the total liability recognized by the Company associated with the Woodward L’Orange Pension Plans was $39,257, of which $1,143 was considered current.

A summary of the intangible assets acquired, weighted-average useful lives, and amortization methods follows:



	Estimated Amounts		Weighted-Average Useful Life		Amortization Method
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer relationships and contracts	$	388,705	22	years	Straight-line
Process technology		74,260	22	years	Straight-line
Backlog		42,932	1	year	Accelerated
Other		232	3	years	Straight-line
Intangible asset with indefinite life:
Trade name		67,298	Indefinite		Not amortized
Total	$	573,427

For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, Woodward recorded amortization expense associated with the acquired intangibles of $10,885 and $22,578, respectively. Future amortization expense associated with the acquired intangibles as of March 31, 2019 is expected to be:



Year Ending September 30:
2019 (remaining)	$	10,332
2020		19,239
2021		22,138
2022		22,088
2023		22,088
Thereafter		349,882
	$	445,767

The preliminary purchase price allocation resulted in the recognition of $257,447 of goodwill. Only the portion of goodwill which relates to the U.S. operations of Woodward L’Orange is deductible for tax purposes. The Company has included all of the goodwill in its Industrial segment. The goodwill represents the estimated value of potential expansion

with new customers, the opportunity to further develop sales opportunities with new customers, other synergies including supply chain savings expected to be achieved through the integration of Woodward L’Orange with Woodward’s Industrial segment, and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition, such as value of the assembled Woodward L’Orange workforce that is not included within the estimated value of the acquired backlog and customer relationship intangible assets.

Pro forma results for Woodward giving effect to the L’Orange acquisition

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of Woodward and Woodward L’Orange as if the acquisition had been completed as of the beginning of the prior fiscal year, or October 1, 2016. The unaudited pro forma financial information is presented for informational purposes and is not indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition and related borrowings had taken place on October 1, 2016, nor are they indicative of future results.

The unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 includes Woodward’s results, including the post-acquisition results of Woodward L’Orange, since June 1, 2018. The unaudited pro forma financial information for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018 combines Woodward’s results with the pre-acquisition results of L’Orange for that period.

Prior to the L’Orange acquisition by Woodward, L’Orange was a wholly owned subsidiary of Rolls-Royce, and as such was not a standalone entity for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the historical operating results of L’Orange may not be indicative of the results that might have been achieved, historically or in the future, if L’Orange had been a standalone entity.

The unaudited pro forma results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 follow:



	Three-Months Ended				Three-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019				March 31, 2018
	As reported		Pro forma		As reported		Pro forma
Net sales	$	758,844	$	758,844	$	548,249	$	624,858
Net earnings		77,579		81,511		38,489		46,116
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share	$	1.25	$	1.31	$	0.63	$	0.75
Diluted earnings per share		1.20		1.26		0.60		0.72



	Six-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019				March 31, 2018
	As reported		Pro forma		As reported		Pro forma
Net sales	$	1,411,655	$	1,411,655	$	1,018,397	$	1,190,850
Net earnings		126,699		135,272		56,749		68,605
Earnings per share:
Basic earnings per share	$	2.04	$	2.18	$	0.93	$	1.12
Diluted earnings per share		1.97		2.10		0.89		1.08

The unaudited pro forma results for all periods presented include adjustments made to account for certain costs and transactions that would have been incurred had the acquisition been completed as of October 1, 2016, including amortization charges for acquired intangible assets, eliminations of intercompany transactions, adjustments for acquisition transaction costs, adjustments for depreciation expense for property, plant, and equipment, and adjustments to interest expense. These adjustments are net of any applicable tax impact and were included to arrive at the pro forma results above.

The operating results of Woodward L’Orange have been included in Woodward’s operating results for the periods subsequent to the completion of the acquisition on June 1, 2018. Woodward L’Orange contributed net sales of $87,986 for the three-months and $175,666 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019 and net income before income taxes of $11,898 for the three-months and $22,500 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019.

Woodward incurred acquisition financing related costs of $3,698 for three-months and $7,497 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, which are included in “Interest expense” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Note 6. Joint venture

On January 4, 2016, Woodward and General Electric Company (“GE”), acting through its GE Aviation business unit, consummated the formation of a strategic joint venture between Woodward and GE (the “JV”) to develop, manufacture and support fuel systems for specified existing and all future GE commercial aircraft engines that produce thrust in excess of fifty thousand pounds.

As part of the JV formation, Woodward contributed to the JV certain contractual rights and intellectual property applicable to the existing GE commercial aircraft engine programs within the scope of the JV. Woodward had no initial cost basis in the JV because Woodward had no cost basis in the contractual rights and intellectual property contributed to the JV. GE purchased from Woodward a 50% ownership interest in the JV for a $250,000 cash payment to Woodward. In addition, GE will pay contingent consideration to Woodward consisting of fifteen annual payments of $4,894 per year, which began on January 4, 2017, subject to certain claw-back conditions. During the three-months ended March 31, 2018 and March 31, 2019, Woodward received its second and third annual payments of $4,894, respectively, which were recorded as deferred income and included in Net cash provided by operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Neither Woodward nor GE contributed any tangible assets to the JV.

Under previous accounting guidance, Woodward concluded that the formation of the JV was not the culmination of an earnings event and deferred recognition of the consideration paid until earned in the future. Under ASC 606, Woodward also concluded the formation of the JV was not a culmination of an earnings event and has further concluded that the consideration paid or receivable from GE represents a material right. Accordingly, under both ASC 606 and the previous standard, Woodward concluded it was appropriate to defer the consideration received as a liability and recognize it as an increase to net sales in proportion to revenue realized on sales of applicable fuel systems within the scope of the JV. Recognition to net sales in a particular period is determined as a percentage of total revenue expected to be realized by Woodward over the estimated remaining lives of the underlying commercial aircraft engine programs assigned to the JV. Unamortized deferred revenue from material rights in connection with the JV formation included accrued liabilities of $6,897 as of March 31, 2019 and $7,087 as of September 30, 2018, and other liabilities of $235,961 as of March 31, 2019 and $235,300 as of September 30, 2018. Amortization of the deferred income (material right) recognized as an increase to sales was $1,922 for the three-months and $3,699 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, and $1,486 for the three-months and $2,539 for the six-months ended March 31, 2018.

Woodward and GE jointly manage the JV and any significant decisions and/or actions of the JV require the mutual consent of both parties. Neither Woodward nor GE has a controlling financial interest in the JV, but both Woodward and GE do have the ability to significantly influence the operating and financial decisions of the JV. Therefore, Woodward is accounting for its 50% ownership interest in the JV using the equity method of accounting. The JV is a related party to Woodward. Other income includes income of $3,006 for the three-months and $4,471 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, and income of $1,006 for the three-months and $1,602 for the six-months ended March 31, 2018 related to Woodward’s equity interest in the earnings of the JV. During the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, Woodward received cash distributions from the JV of $3,000 and $7,500 respectively, which is included in Net cash provided by operating activities on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. Woodward received no cash distributions from the JV during the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018. Woodward’s net investment in the JV, which is included in other assets, was $6,582 as of March 31, 2019 and $9,611 as of September 30, 2018.

Woodward’s net sales include $14,294 for the three-months and $27,127 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019 of sales to the JV, compared to $17,077 for the three-months and $30,052 for the six-months ended March 31, 2018. Woodward recorded a reduction to sales of $9,069 for the three-months and $18,251 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019 related to royalties paid to the JV by Woodward on sales by Woodward directly to third party aftermarket customers, compared to $6,922 for the three-months and $12,330 for the six-months ended March 31, 2018. The Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets include “Accounts receivable” of $6,803 at March 31, 2019, and $10,499 at September 30, 2018, related to amounts the JV owed Woodward, and include “Accounts payable” of $3,591 at March 31, 2019, and $2,944 at September 30, 2018, related to amounts Woodward owed the JV.

Upon the October 1, 2018 adoption of ASC 606, Woodward recorded $57,529 of revenue recognized in prior periods for the JV’s engineering and development projects as an increase to contract liabilities in “Other liabilities” and $57,529 of costs recognized in prior periods as costs to fulfill a contract in “Other assets.” Woodward recognized an additional $4,170 during the three-months and $8,598 during the six-months ended March 31, 2019 of contract liabilities in “Other liabilities,” and $4,170 during the three-months and $8,598 during the six-months ended March 31, 2019 of additional costs to fulfill a contract in “Other assets.”

Note 7. Financial instruments and fair value measurements

Financial assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets are categorized based upon a fair value hierarchy established by U.S. GAAP, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into the following levels:

Level 1: Inputs based on quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities at the measurement date.

Level 2: Quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable and can be corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3: Inputs that reflect management’s best estimates and assumptions of what market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. The inputs are unobservable in the market and are significant to the valuation of the instruments.

The table below presents information about Woodward’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques Woodward utilized to determine such fair value.



	At March 31, 2019								At September 30, 2018
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Financial assets:
Cash	$	49,568	$	-	$	-	$	49,568	$	59,838	$	-	$	-	$	59,838
Investments in reverse repurchase agreements		337		-		-		337		4,582		-		-		4,582
Investments in term deposits with foreign banks		15,398		-		-		15,398		19,174		-		-		19,174
Equity securities		20,731		-		-		20,731		19,730		-		-		19,730
Cross currency interest rate swaps		-		5,172		-		5,172		-		-		-		-
Total financial assets	$	86,034	$	5,172	$	-	$	91,206	$	103,324	$	-	$	-	$	103,324

Financial liabilities:
Cross currency interest rate swaps	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	23,000	$	-	$	23,000
Total financial liabilities	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	23,000	$	-	$	23,000

Investments in reverse repurchase agreements: Woodward sometimes invests excess cash in reverse repurchase agreements. Under the terms of Woodward’s reverse repurchase agreements, Woodward purchases an interest in a pool of securities and is granted a security interest in those securities by the counterparty to the reverse repurchase agreement. At an agreed upon date, generally the next business day, the counterparty repurchases Woodward’s interest in the pool of securities at a price equal to what Woodward paid to the counterparty plus a rate of return determined daily per the terms of the reverse repurchase agreement. Woodward believes that the investments in these reverse repurchase agreements are with creditworthy financial institutions and that the funds invested are highly liquid. The investments in reverse repurchase agreements are reported at fair value, with realized gains from interest income recognized in earnings, and are included in “Cash and cash equivalents” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Since the investments are generally overnight, the carrying value is considered to be equal to the fair value as the amount is deemed to be a cash deposit with no risk of change in value as of the end of each fiscal quarter.

Investments in term deposits with foreign banks: Woodward’s foreign subsidiaries sometimes invest excess cash in various highly liquid financial instruments that Woodward believes are with creditworthy financial institutions. Such investments are reported in “Cash and cash equivalents” at fair value, with realized gains from interest income recognized in earnings. The carrying value of Woodward’s investments in term deposits with foreign banks are considered equal to the fair value given the highly liquid nature of the investments. As of September 30, 2018, $3,635 of the term deposits with foreign banks were restricted in use as they were pledged collateral for short-term borrowings. The restriction lapsed during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019 when the related short-term borrowings were paid.

Equity securities: Woodward holds marketable equity securities, through investments in various mutual funds, related to its deferred compensation program. Based on Woodward’s intentions regarding these instruments, marketable equity securities are classified as trading securities. The trading securities are reported at fair value, with realized gains and losses recognized in “Other (income) expense, net” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The trading securities are included in “Other assets” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair values of Woodward’s trading securities are based on the quoted market prices for the net asset value of the various mutual funds.

Cross currency interest rate swaps: Woodward holds cross currency interest rate swaps, which are accounted for at fair value. The swaps in an asset position are included in “Other assets,” and swaps in a liability position are included in “Other liabilities” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The fair values of Woodward’s cross currency interest rate swaps are determined using a market approach that is based on observable inputs other than quoted market prices, including contract terms, interest rates, currency rates, and other market factors.

Trade accounts receivable, accounts payable, and short-term borrowings are not remeasured to fair value, as the carrying cost of each approximates its respective fair value. The estimated fair values and carrying costs of other financial instruments that are not required to be remeasured at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets were as follows:



		At March 31, 2019				At September 30, 2018
	Fair Value Hierarchy Level	Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Cost		Estimated Fair Value		Carrying Cost
Assets:
Notes receivable from municipalities	2	$	13,752	$	13,262	$	13,458	$	13,462
Investments in short-term time deposits	2		70		70		8,883		8,874
Liabilities:
Long-term debt	2	$	(1,021,992)	$	(1,003,142)	$	(1,094,987)	$	(1,095,292)

In connection with certain economic incentives related to Woodward’s development of a second campus in the greater-Rockford, Illinois area for its Aerospace segment and Woodward’s development of a new campus at its corporate headquarters in Fort Collins, Colorado, Woodward received long-term notes from municipalities within the states of Illinois and Colorado. The fair value of the long-term notes was estimated based on a model that discounted future principal and interest payments received at an interest rate available to the Company at the end of the period for similarly rated municipal notes of similar maturity, which is a level 2 input as defined by the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy. The interest rates used to estimate the fair value of the long-term notes were 2.3% at March 31, 2019 and 3.1% at September 30, 2018.

From time to time, certain of Woodward’s foreign subsidiaries will invest excess cash in short-term time deposits with a fixed maturity date of longer than three months but less than one year from the date of the deposit. Woodward believes that the investments are with creditworthy financial institutions. The fair value of the investments in short-term time deposits was estimated based on a model that discounted future principal and interest payments to be received at an interest rate available to the foreign subsidiary entering into the investment for similar short-term time deposits of similar maturity. This was determined to be a level 2 input as defined by the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy. The interest rates used to estimate the fair value of the short-term time deposits was 6.8% at March 31, 2019 and 6.3% at September 30, 2018.

The fair value of long-term debt was estimated based on a model that discounted future principal and interest payments at interest rates available to the Company at the end of the period for similar debt of the same maturity, which is a level 2 input as defined by the U.S. GAAP fair value hierarchy. The weighted-average interest rates used to estimate the fair value of long-term debt were 3.3% at March 31, 2019 and 3.5% at September 30, 2018.

Note 8. Derivative instruments and hedging activities

Woodward has exposures related to global market risks, including the effect of changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates, changes in certain commodity prices and fluctuations in various producer indices. From time to time, Woodward enters into derivative instruments for risk management purposes only, including derivatives designated as accounting hedges and/or those utilized as economic hedges. Woodward uses interest rate related derivative instruments to manage its exposure to fluctuations of interest rates. Woodward does not enter into or issue derivatives for trading or speculative purposes.

By using derivative and/or hedging instruments to manage its risk exposure, Woodward is subject, from time to time, to credit risk and market risk on those derivative instruments. Credit risk arises from the potential failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative and/or hedging instrument. When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes Woodward, which creates credit risk for Woodward. Woodward mitigates this credit risk by entering into transactions only with counterparties that are believed to be creditworthy. Market risk arises from the potential adverse effects on the value of derivative and/or hedging instruments that result from a change in interest rates, commodity prices, or foreign currency exchange rates. Woodward minimizes this market risk by establishing and monitoring parameters that limit the types and degree of market risk that may be undertaken.

Derivative instruments not designated or qualifying as hedging instruments

In May 2018, Woodward entered into cross currency interest rate swap agreements that synthetically convert $167,420 of floating-rate debt under Woodward’s existing revolving credit agreement to Euro denominated floating-rate debt in conjunction with the L’Orange acquisition (the “Floating-Rate Cross Currency Swap”). Also in May 2018, Woodward entered into cross currency interest rate swap agreements that synthetically convert an aggregate principal amount of $400,000 of fixed-rate debt associated with the 2018 Note Purchase Agreement (as defined at Note 14, Credit facilities short-term borrowings and long-term debt) to Euro denominated fixed-rate debt (the “Fixed-Rate Cross Currency Swaps”). The cross currency interest rate swaps, which effectively reduce the interest rate on the underlying fixed and floating-rate debt under the 2018 Notes (as defined at Note 14, Credit facilities short-term borrowings and long-term debt) and Woodward’s existing revolving credit agreement, respectively, is recorded as a reduction to “Interest expense” in Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Derivatives instruments in fair value hedging relationships

Concurrent with the entry into the Floating-Rate Cross Currency Swap, a corresponding Euro denominated intercompany loan receivable with identical terms and notional amount as the underlying Euro denominated floating-rate debt, with a reciprocal cross currency interest rate swap, was entered into by Woodward Barbados Financing SRL (“Barbados”), a wholly owned subsidiary of Woodward, and is designated as a fair value hedge under the criteria prescribed in ASC Topic 815, Derivatives and Hedging (“ASC 815”). The objective of the derivative instrument is to hedge against the foreign currency exchange risk attributable to the spot remeasurement of the Euro denominated intercompany loan.

Only the change in the fair value related to the cross currency basis spread, or excluded component, of the derivative instrument is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive (losses) earnings (“accumulated OCI”). The remaining change in the fair value of the derivative instrument is recognized in foreign currency transaction gain or loss included in “Selling, general and administrative costs” in Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The change in the fair value of the derivative instrument in foreign currency transaction gain or loss offsets the change in the spot remeasurement of the intercompany Euro denominated loan. Hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the fair value changes of the derivative instrument, after excluding any fair value changes related to the cross currency basis spread. The initial cost of the cross currency basis spread is recorded in earnings each period through the swap accrual process. There is no credit-risk-related contingent features associated with the floating-rate cross currency interest rate swap.

Derivative instruments in cash flow hedging relationships

In conjunction with the entry into the Fixed-Rate Cross Currency Swaps, five corresponding intercompany loans receivable, with identical terms and amounts of each tranche of the underlying aggregate principal amount of $400,000 of fixed-rate debt, and reciprocal cross currency interest rate swaps were entered into by Barbados, which are designated as cash flow hedges under the criteria prescribed in ASC 815. The objective of these derivative instruments is to hedge the risk of variability in cash flows attributable to the foreign currency exchange risk of cash flows for future principal and interest payments associated with the Euro denominated intercompany loans over a fifteen year period.

Changes in the fair values of the derivative instruments are recognized in accumulated OCI and reclassified to foreign currency transaction gain or loss included in “Selling, general and administrative costs” in Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. Reclassifications out of accumulated OCI of the change in fair value occur each reporting period based upon changes in the spot rate remeasurement of the Euro denominated intercompany loans, including associated interest. Hedge effectiveness is assessed based on the fair value changes of the derivative instruments and deemed to be highly effective in offsetting exposure to variability in foreign exchange rates. There are no credit-risk-related contingent features associated with these fixed-rate cross currency interest rate swaps.

In June 2013, in connection with Woodward’s expected refinancing of current maturities on its then existing long-term debt, Woodward entered into a treasury lock agreement with a notional amount of $25,000 that qualified as a cash flow hedge under ASC 815. The objective of this derivative instrument was to hedge the risk of variability in cash flows attributable to changes in the designated benchmark interest rate over a seven-year period related to the future principal and interest payments on a portion of anticipated future debt issuances. The treasury lock agreement was terminated in August 2013 and the resulting gain of $507 was recorded as a reduction to accumulated OCI, net of tax, and is being recognized as a decrease to interest expense over a seven-year period. Woodward expects to reclassify $72 of net unrecognized gains on terminated derivative instruments from accumulated OCI to earnings during the next twelve months.

Derivatives instruments in net investment hedging relationships

On September 23, 2016, Woodward and Woodward International Holding B.V., a wholly owned subsidiary of Woodward organized under the laws of The Netherlands (the “BV Subsidiary”), each entered into a note purchase agreement (the “2016 Note Purchase Agreement”) relating to the sale by Woodward and the BV Subsidiary of an aggregate principal amount of €160,000 of senior unsecured notes in a series of private placement transactions. Woodward issued €40,000 aggregate principal amount of Woodward’s Series M Senior Notes due September 23, 2026 (the “Series M Notes”). Woodward designated the Series M Notes as a hedge of a foreign currency exposure of Woodward’s net investment in its Euro denominated functional currency subsidiaries. Related to the Series M Notes, included in foreign currency translation adjustments within total comprehensive (losses) earnings are net foreign exchange gains of $925 for the three-months and $1,574 for the six-months ended March 31, 2019, compared to net foreign exchange losses of $1,268 for the three-months and $2,011 for the six-months ended March 31, 2018.

Impact of derivative instruments designated as qualifying hedging instruments

The following table discloses the impact of derivative instruments designated as qualifying hedging instruments on Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings:


		Three-Months Ended
		March 31, 2019
Derivatives in:	Location	Amount of (Income) Expense Recognized in Earnings on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings
Cross currency interest rate swap agreement designated as fair value hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	(3,033)	$	(3,030)	$	(2,883)
Cross currency interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses		(7,994)		(6,579)		(7,994)
Treasury lock agreement designated as cash flow hedge	Interest expense		(18)		-		(18)
		$	(11,045)	$	(9,609)	$	(10,895)

		Three-Months Ended
		March 31, 2018
Derivatives in:	Location	Amount of (Income) Expense Recognized in Earnings on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings
Cross currency interest rate swap agreement designated as fair value hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	-	$	-	$	-
Cross currency interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses		-		-		-
Treasury lock agreement designated as cash flow hedge	Interest expense		(18)		-		(18)
		$	(18)	$	-	$	(18)



		Six-Months Ended
		March 31, 2019
Derivatives in:	Location	Amount of (Income) Expense Recognized in Earnings on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings
Cross currency interest rate swap agreement designated as fair value hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	(5,422)	$	(5,535)	$	(5,135)
Cross currency interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses		(13,550)		(22,637)		(13,550)
Treasury lock agreement designated as cash flow hedge	Interest expense		(36)		-		(36)
		$	(19,008)	$	(28,172)	$	(18,721)

		Six-Months Ended
		March 31, 2018
Derivatives in:	Location	Amount of (Income) Expense Recognized in Earnings on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Recognized in Accumulated OCI on Derivative		Amount of (Gain) Loss Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Earnings
Cross currency interest rate swap agreement designated as fair value hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses	$	-	$	-	$	-
Cross currency interest rate swap agreements designated as cash flow hedges	Selling, general and administrative expenses		-		-		-
Treasury lock agreement designated as cash flow hedge	Interest expense		(36)		-		(36)
		$	(36)	$	-	$	(36)

The remaining unrecognized gains and losses in Woodward’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets associated with derivative instruments that were previously entered into by Woodward, which are classified in accumulated OCI were net losses of $11,865 as of March 31, 2019 and $21,315 as of September 30, 2018.

Note 9. Supplemental statement of cash flows information



	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Interest paid, net of amounts capitalized	$	22,173	$	14,032
Income taxes paid		44,661		28,592
Income tax refunds received		1,294		1,841
Non-cash activities:
Purchases of property, plant and equipment on account		8,081		9,051
Impact of the adoption of ASC 606 (Note 3)		28,886		-
Common shares issued from treasury to settle benefit obligations (Note 20)		14,846		14,741
Purchases of treasury stock on account		4,204		-

Note 10. Inventories



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Raw materials	$	108,938	$	80,999
Work in progress		125,926		118,010
Component parts (1)		308,635		298,820
Finished goods		62,802		51,767
Customer supplied inventory (Note 3)		17,258		-
On-hand inventory for which control has transferred to the customer (Note 3)		(89,239)		-
	$	534,320	$	549,596

(1)

Component parts include items that can be sold separately as finished goods or included in the manufacture of other products.

Note 11. Property, plant, and equipment



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Land and land improvements	$	93,859	$	94,146
Buildings and building improvements		579,057		565,065
Leasehold improvements		17,974		17,954
Machinery and production equipment		688,136		668,986
Computer equipment and software		120,612		124,788
Office furniture and equipment		36,205		31,533
Other		19,351		19,366
Construction in progress		99,235		103,036
		1,654,429		1,624,874
Less accumulated depreciation		(590,041)		(564,869)
Property, plant, and equipment, net	$	1,064,388	$	1,060,005

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company announced its decision to relocate its Duarte, California operations to the Company’s newly renovated Drake Campus in Fort Collins, Colorado. The carrying value of the assets at the Duarte facility was $12,872 as of March 31, 2019, of which the Company has identified assets held for sale with a carrying value of $8,474. At September 30, 2018, the Company identified assets held for sale of $8,306. The majority of the assets held for sale are included in “Land and land improvements” and “Buildings and buildings improvements” which relate to the land, building and building improvements, and other assets at the Duarte facility. The assets held for sale are included in the Company’s Aerospace segment. Based on current market conditions, the Company expects to record a gain on the eventual sale of these assets. The Company has identified approximately $60 that is planned to be disposed of as a result of the relocation.

The Company assessed whether the decision to relocate from its Duarte facility could indicate a potential impairment of the assets at the Duarte facility and concluded that the assets were not impaired as of March 31, 2019.

In fiscal year 2015, Woodward completed and placed into service a manufacturing and office building on a second campus in the greater-Rockford, Illinois area and has occupied the new facility for its Aerospace segment. This campus is intended to support Woodward’s expected growth in its Aerospace segment as a result of Woodward being awarded a substantial number of new system platforms, particularly on narrow-body aircraft.

Included in “Construction in progress” are costs of $27,716 at March 31, 2019 and $32,248 at September 30, 2018 associated with new equipment purchases for the greater-Rockford, Illinois campus and costs of $9,853 at March 31, 2019 and $3,967 at September 30, 2018 associated with new equipment purchases and the renovation of the Drake Campus.

Included in “Office furniture and equipment” and “Other” is $1,627 at March 31, 2019 and $1,650 at September 30, 2018, of gross assets acquired on capital leases, and accumulated depreciation included $1,339 at March 31, 2019 and $1,158 at September 30, 2018 of amortization associated with the capital lease assets.

For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, Woodward had depreciation expense as follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Depreciation expense	$	20,164	$	15,754	$	41,333	$	30,581

For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, Woodward capitalized interest that would have otherwise been included in interest expense of the following:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Capitalized interest	$	208	$	633	$	435	$	1,234

Note 12. Goodwill



	September 30, 2018		Effects of Foreign Currency Translation		March 31, 2019
Aerospace	$	455,423	$	-	$	455,423
Industrial		357,827		(8,789)		349,038
Consolidated	$	813,250	$	(8,789)	$	804,461

On June 1, 2018, Woodward completed the acquisition of L’Orange (see Note 5, Business acquisition), which resulted in the recognition of $257,447 in goodwill in the Company’s Industrial segment.

Woodward tests goodwill for impairment during the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, or at any time there is an indication goodwill is more-likely-than-not impaired, commonly referred to as triggering events. There have been no such triggering events during any of the periods presented, and Woodward’s fourth quarter of fiscal year 2018 impairment test resulted in no impairment.

Note 13. Intangible assets, net



	March 31, 2019						September 30, 2018
	Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount		Gross Carrying Value		Accumulated Amortization		Net Carrying Amount
Intangible assets with finite lives:
Customer relationships and contracts:
Aerospace	$	281,683	$	(174,359)	$	107,324	$	281,683	$	(166,719)	$	114,964
Industrial		416,851		(37,705)		379,146		429,880		(35,856)		394,024
Total	$	698,534	$	(212,064)	$	486,470	$	711,563	$	(202,575)	$	508,988

Intellectual property:
Aerospace	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Industrial		19,325		(18,650)		675		19,448		(18,587)		861
Total	$	19,325	$	(18,650)	$	675	$	19,448	$	(18,587)	$	861

Process technology:
Aerospace	$	76,371	$	(57,393)	$	18,978	$	76,372	$	(54,874)	$	21,498
Industrial		94,554		(22,626)		71,928		97,154		(20,373)		76,781
Total	$	170,925	$	(80,019)	$	90,906	$	173,526	$	(75,247)	$	98,279

Backlog:
Aerospace	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Industrial		41,516		(38,916)		2,600		42,955		(18,006)		24,949
Total	$	41,516	$	(38,916)	$	2,600	$	42,955	$	(18,006)	$	24,949

Other intangibles:
Aerospace	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Industrial		1,575		(1,199)		376		1,629		(1,158)		471
Total	$	1,575	$	(1,199)	$	376	$	1,629	$	(1,158)	$	471

Intangible asset with indefinite life:
Tradename:
Aerospace	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-	$	-
Industrial		65,067		-		65,067		67,335		-		67,335
Total	$	65,067	$	-	$	65,067	$	67,335	$	-	$	67,335

Total intangibles:
Aerospace	$	358,054	$	(231,752)	$	126,302	$	358,055	$	(221,593)	$	136,462
Industrial		638,888		(119,096)		519,792		658,401		(93,980)		564,421
Consolidated Total	$	996,942	$	(350,848)	$	646,094	$	1,016,456	$	(315,573)	$	700,883

For the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and 2018, Woodward recorded amortization expense associated with intangibles of the following:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Amortization expense	$	16,693	$	6,258	$	34,165	$	12,501

Future amortization expense associated with intangibles is expected to be:



Year Ending September 30:
2019 (remaining)	$	21,889
2020		39,733
2021		40,699
2022		38,498
2023		37,440
Thereafter		402,768
	$	581,027

Note 14. Credit facilities, short-term borrowings and long-term debt

Revolving credit facility

Woodward maintains a $1,000,000 revolving credit facility established under a revolving credit agreement among Woodward, a syndicate of lenders and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (the “Revolving Credit Agreement”). The Revolving Credit Agreement provides for the option to increase available borrowings up to $1,200,000, subject to lenders’ participation. Borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement can be made by Woodward and certain of its foreign subsidiaries in U.S. dollars or in foreign currencies other than the U.S. dollar and generally bear interest at LIBOR plus 0.85% to 1.65%. Under the Revolving Credit Agreement, there were $290,646 in principal amount of borrowings outstanding as of March 31, 2019, at an effective interest rate of 3.52%, and $266,541 in principal amount of borrowings outstanding as of September 30, 2018, at an effective interest rate of 3.48%. The Revolving Credit Agreement matures in April 2020. The Company intends to refinance its revolving credit facility prior to its maturity date.

As of March 31, 2019, $160,000 of the borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement were classified as short-term borrowings, and as of September 30, 2018, $150,000 of the borrowings under the Revolving Credit Agreement were classified as short-term borrowings based on Woodward’s intent and ability to pay this amount in the next twelve months.

Short-term borrowings

Woodward has other foreign lines of credit and foreign overdraft facilities at various financial institutions, which are generally reviewed annually for renewal and are subject to the usual terms and conditions applied by the financial institutions. Pursuant to the terms of the related facility agreements, Woodward’s foreign performance guarantee facilities are limited in use to providing performance guarantees to third parties. There were no borrowings outstanding on Woodward’s foreign lines of credit and foreign overdraft facilities as of both March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018. Woodward had other short-term borrowings of $3,635 as of September 30, 2018, which were repaid during the first quarter of fiscal year 2019.

Long-term debt



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Long-term portion of revolving credit facility - Floating rate (LIBOR plus 0.85% - 1.65%), due April 2020; unsecured	$	130,646	$	116,541
Series D notes – 6.39%, due October 2018; unsecured		-		100,000
Series F notes – 8.24%, due April 2019; unsecured		43,000		43,000
Series G notes – 3.42%, due November 2020; unsecured		50,000		50,000
Series H notes – 4.03%, due November 2023; unsecured		25,000		25,000
Series I notes – 4.18%, due November 2025; unsecured		25,000		25,000
Series J notes – Floating rate (LIBOR plus 1.25%), due November 2020; unsecured		50,000		50,000
Series K notes – 4.03%, due November 2023; unsecured		50,000		50,000
Series L notes – 4.18%, due November 2025; unsecured		50,000		50,000
Series M notes – 1.12% due September 2026; unsecured		44,874		46,437
Series N notes – 1.31% due September 2028; unsecured		86,382		89,393
Series O notes – 1.57% due September 2031; unsecured		48,240		49,921
Series P notes – 4.27% due May 2025; unsecured		85,000		85,000
Series Q notes – 4.35% due May 2027; unsecured		85,000		85,000
Series R notes – 4.41% due May 2029; unsecured		75,000		75,000
Series S notes – 4.46% due May 2030; unsecured		75,000		75,000
Series T notes – 4.61% due May 2033; unsecured		80,000		80,000
Unamortized debt issuance costs		(2,674)		(2,895)
Total long-term debt		1,000,468		1,092,397
Less: Current portion of long-term debt		-		-
Long-term debt, less current portion	$	1,000,468	$	1,092,397

The Notes

In October 2008, Woodward entered into a note purchase agreement relating to the Series D Notes, due in October 2018. On October 1, 2018, Woodward paid the entire principal balance of $100,000 on the Series D Notes using proceeds from borrowings under its revolving credit facility.

In April 2009, Woodward entered into a note purchase agreement relating to the Series F Notes, which were due in April 2019. As of March 31, 2019, the entire amount of debt under the Series F Notes has been classified as long-term based on Woodward’s intent and ability to refinance this debt prior to maturity using cash proceeds from its revolving credit facility which, in turn, is expected to be repaid beyond the next twelve months. On April 3, 2019, Woodward paid the entire principal balance of $43,000 on the Series F Notes using proceeds from borrowings under its revolving credit facility.

On October 1, 2013, Woodward entered into a note purchase agreement relating to the sale by Woodward of an aggregate principal amount of $250,000 of its senior unsecured notes in a series of private placement transactions. Woodward issued the Series G, H and I Notes (the “First Closing Notes”) on October 1, 2013. Woodward issued the Series J, K and L Notes (the “Second Closing Notes” and together with the Series D Notes, the Series F Notes and the First Closing Notes, collectively the “USD Notes”) on November 15, 2013.

On September 23, 2016, Woodward and the BV Subsidiary each entered into note purchase agreements (the “2016 Note Purchase Agreements”) relating to the sale by Woodward and the BV Subsidiary of an aggregate principal amount of €160,000 of senior unsecured notes in a series of private placement transactions. Woodward issued €40,000 Series M Notes. The BV Subsidiary issued (a) €77,000 aggregate principal amount of the BV Subsidiary’s Series N Senior Notes (the “Series N Notes”) and (b) €43,000 aggregate principal amount of the BV Subsidiary’s Series O Senior Notes (the “Series O Notes” and together with the Series M Notes and the Series N Notes, the “2016 Notes”).

On May 31, 2018, Woodward entered into a note purchase agreement (the “2018 Note Purchase Agreement”) relating to the sale by Woodward of an aggregate principal amount of $400,000 of senior unsecured notes comprised of (a) $85,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series P Senior Notes (the “Series P Notes”), (b) $85,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series Q Senior Notes (the “Series Q Notes”), (c) $75,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series R Senior Notes (the “Series R Notes”), (d) $75,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series S Senior Notes (the “Series S Notes”), and (e) $80,000 aggregate principal amount of its Series T Senior Notes (the “Series T Notes”, and together with the Series P Notes, the Series Q Notes, the Series R Notes, and the Series S Notes, the “2018 Notes,” and, together with the USD Notes and 2016 Notes, the “Notes”), in a series of private placement transactions.

In connection with the issuance of the 2018 Notes, the Company entered into cross currency swap transactions in respect of each tranche of the 2018 Notes, which effectively reduced the interest rates on the Series P Notes to 1.82% per annum, the Series Q Notes to 2.15% per annum, the Series R Notes to 2.42% per annum, the Series S Notes to 2.55% per annum and the Series T Notes to 2.90% per annum (see Note 8, Derivative instruments and hedging activities).

Interest on the First Closing Notes, and the Series K and L Notes is payable semi-annually on April 1 and October 1 of each year until all principal is paid. Interest on the Series F Notes is payable semi-annually on April 15 and October 15 of each year until all principal is paid. Interest on the 2016 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 23 and September 23 of each year, until all principal is paid. Interest on the Series J Notes is payable quarterly on January 1, April 1, July 1 and October 1 of each year until all principal is paid. As of March 31, 2019, the Series J Notes bore interest at an effective rate of 3.93%. Commencing on November 30, 2018, interest on the 2018 Notes is payable semi-annually on May 30 and November 30 of each year until all principal is paid.

Debt Issuance Costs

Unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the Notes of $2,674 as of March 31, 2019 and $2,895 as of September 30, 2018 were recorded as a reduction in “Long-term debt, less current portion” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Unamortized debt issuance costs of $947 associated with the Revolving Credit Agreement as of March 31, 2019 and $1,385 as of September 30, 2018 were recorded as “Other assets” in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Amortization of debt issuance costs is included in operating activities in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

Note 15. Accrued liabilities



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Salaries and other member benefits	$	75,344	$	88,643
Warranties		21,680		20,130
Interest payable		15,174		18,611
Accrued retirement benefits		3,551		3,571
Current portion of loss reserve on contractual lease commitments		1,245		1,245
Restructuring charges		13,625		16,522
Taxes, other than income		23,764		21,128
Net current contract liabilities (Note 3)		30,531		9,659
Other		19,672		15,004
	$	204,586	$	194,513

Warranties

Provisions of Woodward’s sales agreements include product warranties customary to these types of agreements. Accruals are established for specifically identified warranty issues that are probable to result in future costs. Warranty costs are accrued as revenue is recognized on a non-specific basis whenever past experience indicates a normal and predictable pattern exists. Changes in accrued product warranties were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,				Six-Months Ended March 31,
		2019		2018		2019		2018
Warranties, beginning of period	$	20,156	$	13,017	$	20,130	$	13,597
Impact from adoption of ASC 606 (Note 3)		-		-		594		-
Expense, net of recoveries		3,695		2,334		5,767		304
Reductions for settlement of previous warranty liabilities		(2,012)		(2,209)		(4,549)		(832)
Foreign currency exchange rate changes		(159)		141		(262)		214
Warranties, end of period	$	21,680	$	13,283	$	21,680	$	13,283

Loss reserve on contractual lease commitments

In connection with the construction of a new production facility in Niles, Illinois, Woodward vacated a leased facility in Skokie, Illinois and recognized a loss reserve against the estimated remaining contractual lease commitments, less anticipated sublease income. Changes in the loss reserve were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,				Six-Months Ended March 31,
		2019		2018		2019		2018
Loss reserve on contractual lease commitments, beginning of period	$	3,814	$	4,717	$	3,931	$	5,270
Payments, net of sublease income		(432)		(239)		(549)		(792)
Loss reserve on contractual lease commitments, end of period	$	3,382	$	4,478	$	3,382	$	4,478

Other liabilities included $2,137 and $2,686 of accrued loss reserve on contractual lease commitments as of March 31, 2019 and September 30, 2018, respectively, which are not expected to be settled or paid within twelve months of the respective balance sheet date.

Restructuring charges

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, the Company recorded restructuring charges totaling $17,013, the majority of which relate to the Company’s decision to relocate its Duarte, California operations to the Company’s newly renovated Drake Campus in Fort Collins, Colorado. The Duarte facility, which manufactures thrust reverser actuation systems, is part of the Company’s Aerospace segment. The remaining restructuring charges recognized during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 consist of workforce management costs related to aligning the Company’s industrial turbomachinery business, which is part of the Company’s Industrial segment, with the then current market conditions. All of the restructuring charges recorded during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2018 were recorded as nonsegment expenses and are expected to be paid within one year of the balance sheet date, of which $491 was paid during fiscal year 2018 related to the Company’s industrial turbomachinery business realignment.

The summary of activity in accrued restructuring charges during the six-months ended March 31, 2019 is as follows:


				Period Activity
	Balances as of October 1, 2018			Charges (gains)	Cash receipts (payments)		Non-cash activity		Balances as of March 31, 2019
Workforce management costs associated with:
Duarte plant relocation	$	12,504	$	-	$	(648)	$	-	$	11,856
Industrial turbomachinery business realignment		4,018		-		(2,249)		-		1,769
Total	$	16,522	$	-	$	(2,897)	$	-	$	13,625

Note 16. Other liabilities



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Net accrued retirement benefits, less amounts recognized within accrued liabilities	$	89,860	$	90,722
Total unrecognized tax benefits		9,700		8,582
Noncurrent income taxes payable		11,407		12,494
Deferred economic incentives (1)		12,289		13,038
Loss reserve on contractual lease commitments (2)		2,137		2,686
Cross currency swap derivative liability (3)		-		23,000
Net noncurrent contract liabilities (4)		331,264		235,300
Other		10,530		12,233
	$	467,187	$	398,055

(1)

Woodward receives certain economic incentives from various state and local authorities related to capital expansion projects. Such amounts are initially recorded as deferred credits and are being recognized as a reduction to pre-tax expense over the economic lives of the related capital expansion projects.

(2)

See Note 15, Accrued liabilities for more information on the loss reserve on contractual lease commitments.

(3)

See Note 7, Financial instruments and fair value measurements for more information on the cross currency swap derivative liability.

(4)

See Note 3, Revenue, for more information on net noncurrent contract liabilities.

Note 17. Other (income) expense, net



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Equity interest in the earnings of the JV (Note 6)	$	(3,006)	$	(1,006)	$	(4,471)	$	(1,602)
Net (gain) loss on sales of assets		121		(396)		200		(454)
Rent income		(77)		(17)		(144)		(71)
Net (gain) loss on investments in deferred compensation program		(1,656)		(46)		73		(700)
Other components of net periodic pension and other postretirement benefit, excluding service cost and interest expense		(3,251)		(3,233)		(6,494)		(6,381)
Other		(170)		(148)		(382)		(358)
	$	(8,039)	$	(4,846)	$	(11,218)	$	(9,566)

Note 18. Income taxes

U.S. GAAP requires the interim tax provision be determined as follows:

At the end of each quarter, Woodward estimates the tax that will be provided for the current fiscal year stated as a percentage of estimated “ordinary income.” The term ordinary income refers to earnings from continuing operations before income taxes, excluding significant unusual or infrequently occurring items.

The estimated annual effective rate is applied to the year-to-date ordinary income at the end of each quarter to compute the estimated year-to-date tax applicable to ordinary income. The tax expense or benefit related to ordinary income in each quarter is equal to the difference between the most recent year-to-date and the prior quarter year-to-date computations.

The tax effects of significant unusual or infrequently occurring items are recognized as discrete items in the interim period in which the events occur. The impact of changes in tax laws or rates on deferred tax amounts, the effects of changes in judgment about beginning of the year valuation allowances, and changes in tax reserves resulting from

the finalization of tax audits or reviews are examples of significant unusual or infrequently occurring items that are recognized as discrete items in the interim period in which the events occur.

The determination of the annual effective tax rate is based upon a number of significant estimates and judgments. In addition, as a global commercial enterprise, Woodward’s tax expense can be impacted by changes in tax rates or laws, the finalization of tax audits and reviews, changes in the estimate of the amount of undistributed foreign earnings that Woodward considers indefinitely reinvested, and other factors that cannot be predicted with certainty. As such, there can be significant volatility in interim tax provisions.

On December 22, 2017, the United States (“U.S.”) enacted significant changes to the U.S. tax law following the passage and signing of the Tax Act. The Tax Act included significant changes to existing tax law, including a permanent reduction to the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, a one-time repatriation tax on deferred foreign income (“Transition Tax”), deductions, credits and business-related exclusions.

Enactment of the Tax Act during December 2017 resulted in a discrete net charge to Woodward’s income tax expense in the amount of $14,778, which was recorded in the first quarter of fiscal year 2018. After adjustments to amounts made throughout fiscal year 2018, the net impact of the enactment of the Tax Act was $10,860. Woodward finalized its assessment of the income tax effects of the Tax Act in the first quarter of fiscal year 2019.

Within the calculation of Woodward’s annual effective tax rate, Woodward has used assumptions and estimates that may change as a result of future guidance, interpretation, and rule-making from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), the SEC, and the FASB and/or various other tax jurisdictions. Changes in corporate tax rates, the net deferred tax assets and/or liabilities relating to Woodward’s U.S. operations, the taxation of foreign earnings, and the deductibility of expenses contained in the Tax Act or other future tax reform legislation could have a material impact on Woodward’s future income tax expense. Additionally, Woodward anticipates the IRS will issue additional regulations related to the Tax Act which may have an impact on Woodward’s future income tax expense.

The following table sets forth the tax expense and the effective tax rate for Woodward’s earnings before income taxes:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Earnings before income taxes	$	90,168	$	48,647	$	151,683	$	86,134
Income tax expense		12,589		10,158		24,984		29,385
Effective tax rate		14.0%		20.9%		16.5%		34.1%

The decrease in the year-over-year effective tax rate for the three-months ended March 31, 2019 is primarily attributable to a higher favorable adjustment for the net excess income tax benefits from stock-based compensation, as compared to the prior fiscal year quarter, and the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate provided by the Tax Act. This decrease was partially offset by the loss of the domestic production activities deduction in the current quarter, and an increase in the U.S. federal corporate income tax on estimated current year foreign earnings in the current quarter compared to the same quarter last year, both of which were a result of the Tax Act.

The decrease in the year-over-year effective tax rate for the six-months ended March 31, 2019 is primarily attributable to the income tax expense resulting from the Tax Act that was recognized in the prior fiscal year with no such charge recognized in the current fiscal year, a higher favorable adjustment for the net excess income tax benefits from stock-based compensation in the first six-months of fiscal year 2019 compared to the first six-months of the prior fiscal year, and the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the six-months ended March 31, 2019, as provided by the Tax Act. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in the U.S. federal corporate income tax on estimated current year foreign earnings in the first six-months of this year compared to the same six-month period last year, the resolution of prior year tax matters, which did not repeat in the first six-months of the current fiscal year, and the loss of the domestic production activities deduction in the six-months ended March 31, 2019.

Gross unrecognized tax benefits were $9,431 as of March 31, 2019, and $8,364 as of September 30, 2018. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits were $3,722 as of March 31, 2019 and $3,288 as of September 30, 2018 of tax benefits that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate. At this time, Woodward does not believe it is reasonably possible that the liability for unrecognized tax benefits will decrease in the next twelve months. Woodward accrues for potential interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits and all other interest and penalties related to tax payments in tax expense. Woodward had accrued gross interest and penalties of $345 as of March 31, 2019 and $279 as of September 30, 2018.

Woodward’s tax returns are subject to audits by U.S. federal, state, and foreign tax authorities, and these audits are at various stages of completion at any given time. Reviews of tax matters by authorities and lapses of the applicable statutes of limitations may result in changes to tax expense. Woodward’s fiscal years remaining open to examination for U.S. Federal income taxes include fiscal years 2017 and thereafter. In fiscal year 2018, Woodward concluded its U.S. federal income tax examinations through fiscal year 2016. Woodward’s fiscal years remaining open to examination for significant U.S. state income tax jurisdictions include fiscal years 2014 and thereafter. Woodward closed various audits in foreign jurisdictions in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019. As a result, fiscal years remaining open to examination in significant foreign jurisdictions include 2016 and thereafter.

Note 19. Retirement benefits

Woodward provides various retirement benefits to eligible members of the Company, including contributions to various defined contribution plans, pension benefits associated with defined benefit plans, postretirement medical benefits and postretirement life insurance benefits. Eligibility requirements and benefit levels vary depending on employee location.

Defined contribution plans

Most of the Company’s U.S. employees are eligible to participate in the U.S. defined contribution plan. The U.S. defined contribution plan allows employees to defer part of their annual income for income tax purposes into their personal 401(k) accounts. The Company makes matching contributions to eligible employee accounts, which are also deferred for employee personal income tax purposes. Certain non-U.S. employees are also eligible to participate in similar non-U.S. plans.

Most of Woodward’s U.S. employees with at least two years of service receive an annual contribution of Woodward stock, equal to 5% of their eligible prior year wages, to their personal Woodward Retirement Savings Plan accounts. Woodward fulfilled its annual Woodward stock contribution obligation using shares held in treasury stock by issuing a total of 158 shares of common stock for a value of $14,846 in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to a total of 202 shares of common stock for a value of $14,741 in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018.

The amount of expense associated with defined contribution plans was as follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Company costs	$	9,086	$	8,716	$	17,457	$	16,595

Defined benefit plans

Woodward has defined benefit plans that provide pension benefits for certain retired employees in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan, and Germany. Woodward also provides other postretirement benefits to its employees including postretirement medical benefits and life insurance benefits. Postretirement medical benefits are provided to certain current and retired employees and their covered dependents and beneficiaries in the United States and the United Kingdom. Life insurance benefits are provided to certain retirees in the United States under frozen plans, which are no longer available to current employees. A September 30 measurement date is utilized to value plan assets and obligations for all of Woodward’s defined benefit pension and other postretirement benefit plans.

On October 26, 2018, the High Court of Justice in the United Kingdom (the “High Court”) issued a ruling (the “Court Ruling”) requiring defined benefit plan sponsors in the United Kingdom to equalize benefits payable to men and women under its United Kingdom defined benefit pension plans by amending those plans to increase the pension benefits payable to participants that accrued such benefits during the period from 1990 to 1997. In the Court Ruling, the High Court also provided details on acceptable alternative methods of amending plans to equalize the pension benefits. Woodward has initially concluded that Court Ruling is applicable to its defined benefit pension plan in the United Kingdom and will make the necessary plan amendments. Based on its initial estimates, Woodward does not believe the Court Ruling represents a significant event requiring a remeasurement of its United Kingdom defined benefit pension plan’s obligation and assets as of March 31, 2019.

U.S. GAAP requires that, for obligations outstanding as of September 30, 2018, the funded status reported in interim periods shall be the same asset or liability recognized in the previous year end statement of financial position adjusted for (a) subsequent accruals of net periodic benefit cost that exclude the amortization of amounts previously recognized in other comprehensive income (for example, subsequent accruals of service cost, interest cost, and return on plan assets) and (b) contributions to a funded plan or benefit payments.

The components of the net periodic retirement pension costs recognized are as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,
	United States				Other Countries				Total
	2019		2018		2019		2018		2019		2018
Service cost	$	362	$	411	$	512	$	165	$	874	$	576
Interest cost		1,596		1,501		485		344		2,081		1,845
Expected return on plan assets		(2,997)		(2,903)		(672)		(717)		(3,669)		(3,620)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial loss		155		149		73		75		228		224
Prior service cost		178		178		-		-		178		178
Net periodic retirement pension (benefit) cost	$	(706)	$	(664)	$	398	$	(133)	$	(308)	$	(797)
Contributions paid	$	-	$	-	$	509	$	119	$	509	$	119


	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	United States				Other Countries				Total
	2019		2018		2019		2018		2019		2018
Service cost	$	725	$	822	$	1,024	$	323	$	1,749	$	1,145
Interest cost		3,192		3,002		965		673		4,157		3,675
Expected return on plan assets		(5,993)		(5,807)		(1,334)		(1,403)		(7,327)		(7,210)
Amortization of:
Net actuarial loss		309		299		144		147		453		446
Prior service cost		355		355		-		-		355		355
Net periodic retirement pension (benefit) cost	$	(1,412)	$	(1,329)	$	799	$	(260)	$	(613)	$	(1,589)
Contributions paid	$	-	$	-	$	1,063	$	431	$	1,063	$	431

The components net periodic retirement pension costs other than the service cost and interest cost components are included in the line item “Other (income) expense, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The interest cost component is include in the line item “Interest expense” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

The components of the net periodic other postretirement benefit costs recognized are as follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Service cost	$	2	$	2	$	3	$	4
Interest cost		289		291		577		583
Amortization of:
Net actuarial loss		14		24		28		48
Prior service benefit		(2)		(39)		(3)		(79)
Curtailment gain		-		-		-		(330)
Net periodic other postretirement cost	$	303	$	278	$	605	$	226
Contributions paid	$	704	$	1,009	$	1,077	$	1,235

The components of net periodic other postretirement benefit costs other than the service cost and interest cost components are included in the line item “Other (income) expense, net” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings. The interest cost component is included in the line item “Interest expense” in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

The amount of cash contributions made to these plans in any year is dependent upon a number of factors, including minimum funding requirements in the jurisdictions in which Woodward operates and arrangements made with trustees of certain foreign plans. As a result, the actual funding in fiscal year 2019 may differ from the current estimate. Woodward estimates its remaining cash contributions in fiscal year 2019 will be as follows:



Retirement pension benefits:
United States	$	-
United Kingdom		345
Japan		-
Germany		418
Other postretirement benefits		2,538

Multiemployer defined benefit plans

Woodward operates multiemployer defined benefit plans for certain employees in both the Netherlands and Japan. The amounts of contributions associated with the multiemployer defined benefit plans were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Company contributions	$	61	$	87	$	138	$	167

Note 20. Stockholders’ equity

Stock repurchase program

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, Woodward’s board of directors terminated the Company’s prior stock repurchase program (the “Prior Repurchase Program”) and replaced it with a new program for the repurchase of up to $500,000 of Woodward’s outstanding shares of common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions over a three-year period that will end in November 2019 (the “2017 Authorization”). In the first half of fiscal year 2019, Woodward purchased 456 shares of its common stock for $43,253 under the 2017 Authorization pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan. Woodward repurchased no common stock under the 2017 Authorization in the first half of fiscal year 2018.

Stock-based compensation

Provisions governing outstanding stock option awards are included in the 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan, as amended from time to time (the “2017 Plan”) and the 2006 Omnibus Incentive Plan (the “2006 Plan”), as applicable.

The 2017 Plan was approved by Woodward’s stockholders in January 2017 and is a successor plan to the 2006 Plan. As of September 14, 2016, the effective date of the 2017 Plan, Woodward’s board of directors delegated authority to administer the 2017 Plan to the compensation committee of the board (the “Committee”), including, but not limited to, the power to determine the recipients of awards and the terms of those awards. On January 30, 2019, Woodward’s stockholders approved an additional 1,400 shares of Woodward’s common stock to be made available for future grants. Under the 2017 Plan, there were approximately 1,805 shares of Woodward’s common stock available for future grants as of March 31, 2019.

Stock options

Woodward believes that stock options align the interests of its employees and directors with the interests of its stockholders. Stock option awards are granted with an exercise price equal to the market price of Woodward’s stock at the date the grants are awarded, a ten-year term, and generally a four-year vesting schedule at a rate of 25% per year.

The fair value of options granted is estimated as of the grant date using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-valuation model using the assumptions in the following table. Woodward calculates the expected term, which represents the average period of time that stock options granted are expected to be outstanding, based upon historical experience of plan participants. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility using daily stock price observations. The estimated dividend yield is based upon Woodward’s historical dividend practice and the market value of its common stock. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. treasury yield curve, for periods within the contractual life of the stock option, at the time of grant.



	Three-Months Ended								Six-Months Ended
	March 31,								March 31,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
Weighted-average exercise price per share	$	77.12			$	72.01			$	79.12			$	78.91
Weighted-average grant date market value of Woodward stock	$	77.12			$	72.01			$	79.12			$	78.91
Expected term (years)		6.5				6.4				6.5	-	8.7		6.4	-	8.7
Estimated volatility		25.8%	-	26.0%		29.1%				25.7%	-	31.0%		29.1%	-	32.7%
Estimated dividend yield		0.7%	-	0.8%		0.8%				0.7%	-	0.8%		0.6%	-	0.8%
Risk-free interest rate		2.6%				2.7%	-	2.8%		2.6%	-	3.1%		2.1%	-	2.8%

The following is a summary of the activity for stock option awards during the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019				March 31, 2019
	Number of options		Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share		Number of options		Weighted-Average Exercise Price per Share
Options, beginning balance		6,173	$	49.40		5,611	$	45.42
Options granted		226		77.12		900		79.12
Options exercised		(638)		32.57		(745)		32.41
Options expired		(1)		78.97		(1)		78.97
Options forfeited		(27)		68.35		(32)		68.73
Options, ending balance		5,733		52.27		5,733		52.27

Changes in non-vested stock options during the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019				March 31, 2019
	Number of options		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share		Number of options		Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value Per Share
Non-vested options outstanding, beginning balance		1,862	$	$23.50		1,988	$	21.64
Options granted		226		$22.22		900		23.99
Options vested		(3)		$25.56		(798)		19.80
Options forfeited		(27)		$22.82		(32)		23.00
Non-vested options outstanding, ending balance		2,058		$23.36		2,058		23.36

Information about stock options that have vested, or are expected to vest, and are exercisable at March 31, 2019 was as follows:



	Number		Weighted- Average Exercise Price		Weighted- Average Remaining Life in Years		Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Options outstanding		5,733	$	52.27		6.1	$	262,179
Options vested and exercisable		3,675		41.53		4.8		207,524
Options vested and expected to vest		5,608		51.74		6.1		259,403

Restricted stock

In connection with Woodward’s acquisition of L’Orange, restricted stock units were granted to certain employees of L’Orange (at acquisition) and other current Woodward members in key management positions. Each restricted stock unit entitles the holder to one share of the Company’s common stock upon vesting. The restricted stock units were granted with a two-year vesting schedule and vest on the one and two-year anniversaries of the grant date at a rate of 50% per year. The restricted stock units do not participate in dividends during the vesting period. The fair value of restricted stock units granted were estimated using the closing price of Woodward common stock on the grant date.

A summary of the activity for restricted stock units for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019				March 31, 2019
		Number		Fair Value per Share		Number		Fair Value per Share
Beginning balance		10	$	82.71		10	$	82.71
Shares granted		-		n/a		-		n/a
Shares vested		-		n/a		-		n/a
Shares forfeited		-		n/a		-		n/a
Ending balance		10		82.71		10		82.71

Stock-based compensation expense

Woodward recognizes stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Pursuant to form stock option agreements used by the Company, with terms approved by the administrator of the applicable plan, the requisite service period can be less than the four-year vesting period based on grantee’s retirement eligibility. As such, the recognition of stock-based compensation expense associated with some stock option grants can be accelerated to a period of less than four years, including immediate recognition of stock-based compensation expense on the date of grant.

At March 31, 2019, there was approximately $15,970 of total unrecognized compensation expense related to non-vested stock-based compensation arrangements, including both stock options and restricted stock awards. The pre-vesting forfeiture rates for purposes of determining stock-based compensation expense recognized were estimated to be 0% for members of Woodward’s board of directors and 9% for all others. The remaining unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 2.4 years.

Note 21. Commitments and contingencies

Woodward is currently involved in claims, pending or threatened litigation or other legal proceedings, investigations and/or regulatory proceedings arising in the normal course of business, including, among others, those relating to product liability claims, employment matters, worker’s compensation claims, contractual disputes, product warranty claims and alleged violations of various laws and regulations. Woodward accrues for known individual matters using estimates of the most likely amount of loss where it believes that it is probable the matter will result in a loss when ultimately resolved and such loss is reasonably estimable.

Legal costs are expensed as incurred and are classified in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings.

Woodward is partially self-insured in the United States for healthcare and worker’s compensation up to predetermined amounts, above which third party insurance applies. Management regularly reviews the probable outcome of related claims and proceedings, the expenses expected to be incurred, the availability and limits of the insurance coverage, and the established accruals for liabilities.

While the outcome of pending claims, legal and regulatory proceedings, and investigations cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that any liabilities that may result from these claims, proceedings and investigations will not have a material effect on Woodward’s liquidity, financial condition, or results of operations.

In the event of a change in control of Woodward, as defined in change-in-control agreements with its current corporate officers, Woodward may be required to pay termination benefits to any such officer if such officer’s employment is terminated within two years following the change of control.

On April 9, 2019, German wind turbine manufacturer, Senvion GmbH (“Senvion”), a customer of Woodward’s renewables business, announced that it filed for self-administration insolvency proceedings. In parallel, Senvion announced that it has sought financing to secure the continuation of its operations, which it announced may allow the company to successfully exit the insolvency process. On April 17, 2019, Senvion announced that it signed a €100,000 bulk loan agreement with its lenders and major bondholders to enable the company to continue its business activities. As the proceedings are in the early stages, Woodward will continue to analyze any financial and commercial impact of the Senvion insolvency proceedings, including any adverse effect the proceedings may have on its financial results. Management believes any such effect would not be material to Woodward as a whole, although it could potentially be significant to Woodward’s renewables business.

Note 22. Segment information

Woodward serves the aerospace and industrial markets through its two reportable segments - Aerospace and Industrial. When appropriate, Woodward’s reportable segments are aggregations of Woodward’s operating segments. Woodward uses operating segment information internally to manage its business, including the assessment of operating segment performance and decisions for the allocation of resources between operating segments. Woodward L’Orange has been included in Woodward’s Industrial segment results since the Closing.

The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those of the Company. Woodward evaluates segment profit or loss based on internal performance measures for each segment in a given period. In connection with that assessment, Woodward generally excludes matters such as certain charges for restructuring, interest income and expense, certain gains and losses from asset dispositions, or other non-recurring and/or non-operationally related expenses.

A summary of consolidated net sales and earnings by segment follows:



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Segment external net sales:
Aerospace	$	482,954	$	386,343	$	875,841	$	692,248
Industrial		275,890		161,906		535,814		326,149
Total consolidated net sales	$	758,844	$	548,249	$	1,411,655	$	1,018,397
Segment earnings:
Aerospace	$	101,722	$	74,656	$	174,576	$	119,897
Industrial		27,128		10,687		56,297		30,468
Nonsegment expenses		(27,496)		(28,344)		(56,497)		(47,370)
Interest expense, net		(11,186)		(8,352)		(22,693)		(16,861)
Consolidated earnings before income taxes	$	90,168	$	48,647	$	151,683	$	86,134

Segment assets consist of accounts receivable, inventories, property, plant, and equipment, net, goodwill, and other intangibles, net. A summary of consolidated total assets, consolidated depreciation and amortization and consolidated capital expenditures follows:



	March 31, 2019		September 30, 2018
Segment assets:
Aerospace	$	1,881,956	$	1,805,892
Industrial		1,669,765		1,642,462
Unallocated corporate property, plant and equipment, net		89,807		102,083
Other unallocated assets		324,421		240,212
Consolidated total assets	$	3,965,949	$	3,790,649

Note 23. Subsequent events

On May 2, 2019, Woodward’s board of directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.1625 per share, payable on June 3, 2019, to stockholders of record as of May 20, 2019.

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts)

Forward Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” contains forward-looking statements regarding future events and our future results within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. All statements other than statements of historical fact are statements that are deemed forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about the industries in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of management. Words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “seek,” “goal,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “continue,” “outlook,” “plan,” “project,” “target,” “strive,” “can,” “could,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” variations of such words, and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-looking statements. In addition, any statements that refer to projections of our future financial performance, our anticipated growth and trends in our businesses, and other characteristics of future events or circumstances are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements may include, among others, statements relating to:

•plans and expectations related to our acquisition of L’Orange GmbH and its affiliate, Fluid Mechanics LLC, and their related operations in Germany, the United States and China;

•future sales, earnings, cash flow, uses of cash, and other measures of financial performance;

•trends in our business and the markets in which we operate, including expectations in those markets in future periods;

•our expected expenses in future periods and trends in such expenses over time;

•descriptions of our plans and expectations for future operations;

•plans and expectations relating to the performance of our joint venture with General Electric Company;

•investments in new campuses, business sites and related business developments;

•the effect of economic trends or growth;

•the expected levels of activity in particular industries or markets and the effects of changes in those levels;

•the scope, nature, or impact of acquisition activity and integration of such acquisition into our business;

•the research, development, production, and support of new products and services;

•new business opportunities;

•restructuring and alignment costs and savings;

•our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions with respect to business opportunities that may be available to us;

•our liquidity, including our ability to meet capital spending requirements and operations;

•future repurchases of common stock;

•future levels of indebtedness and capital spending;

•the stability of financial institutions, including those lending to us;

•pension and other postretirement plan assumptions and future contributions; and

•our tax rate and other effects of the changes in U.S. federal tax law.

Readers are cautioned that these forward-looking statements are only predictions and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that are difficult to predict, including:

•a decline in our customers’ business, or our business with, or financial distress, bankruptcy or insolvency of, our significant customers;

•global economic uncertainty and instability in the financial markets, including as a result of any government shutdown and/or political instability;

•our ability to manage product liability claims, product recalls or other liabilities associated with the products and services that we provide;

•our ability to obtain financing, on acceptable terms or at all, to implement our business plans, complete acquisitions, or otherwise take advantage of business opportunities or respond to business pressures;

•the long sales cycle, customer evaluation process, and implementation period of some of our products and services;

•our ability to implement and realize the intended effects of any restructuring and alignment efforts;

•our ability to successfully manage competitive factors, including prices, promotional incentives, competitor product development, industry consolidation, and commodity and other input cost increases;

•our ability to manage our expenses and product mix while responding to sales increases or decreases;

•the ability of our subcontractors to perform contractual obligations and our suppliers to provide us with materials of sufficient quality or quantity required to meet our production needs at favorable prices or at all;

•our ability to monitor our technological expertise and the success of, and/or costs associated with, our product development activities;

•consolidation in the aerospace market and our participation in a strategic joint venture with General Electric Company may make it more difficult to secure long-term sales in certain aerospace markets;

•our debt obligations, our debt service requirements, and our ability to operate our business, pursue business strategies and incur additional debt in light of covenants contained in our outstanding debt agreements;

•our ability to manage additional tax expense and exposures;

•risks related to our U.S. Government contracting activities, including liabilities resulting from legal and regulatory proceedings, inquiries, or investigations related to such activities;

•the potential of a significant reduction in defense sales due to decreases in the amount of U.S. federal defense spending or other specific budget cuts impacting defense programs in which we participate;

•changes in government spending patterns, priorities, subsidy programs and/or regulatory requirements;

•future impairment charges resulting from changes in the estimates of fair value of reporting units or of long-lived assets;

•future results of our subsidiaries;

•environmental liabilities related to manufacturing activities and/or real estate acquisitions;

•our continued access to a stable workforce and favorable labor relations with our employees;

•physical and other risks related to our operations and suppliers, including natural disasters, which could disrupt production;

•our ability to successfully manage regulatory, tax, and legal matters (including the adequacy of amounts accrued for contingencies, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, international trade regulations, and product liability, patent, and intellectual property matters);

•changes in accounting standards that could adversely impact our profitability or financial position;

•impacts of tariff regulations;

•risks related to our common stock, including changes in prices and trading volumes;

•risks from operating internationally, including the impact on reported earnings from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, tariffs, and compliance with and changes in the legal and regulatory environments of the United States and the countries in which we operate;

•risks associated with global political and economic uncertainty in the European Union and elsewhere;

•fair value of defined benefit plan assets and assumptions used in determining our retirement pension and other postretirement benefit obligations and related expenses including, among others, discount rates and investment return on pension assets;

•industry risks, including changes in commodity prices for oil, natural gas, and other minerals, unforeseen events that may reduce commercial aviation, and changing emissions standards;

•possible information systems interruptions or intrusions, which may adversely affect our operations;

•certain provisions of our charter documents and Delaware law that could discourage or prevent others from acquiring our company; and

•risks associated with integration of our acquisitions and successful completion of divestitures.

These factors are representative of the risks, uncertainties, and assumptions that could cause actual outcomes and results to differ materially from what is expressed or forecast in our forward-looking statements. Other factors are discussed elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Form 10-Q”), under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) (our “Form 10-K”), as updated from time to time in our subsequent SEC filings, and other documents we have filed or will file with the SEC. We undertake no obligation to revise or update any forward-looking statements for any reason, except as required by applicable law.

Unless we have indicated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references in this Form 10-Q to “Woodward,” “the Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Woodward, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Except where we have otherwise indicated or the context otherwise requires, amounts presented in this Form 10-Q are in thousands, except per share amounts.

OVERVIEW

New Accounting Policy

We adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and all subsequently issued supplemental and/or clarifying ASUs related to ASU 2014-09 (collectively “ASC 606”) on October 1, 2018 and elected the modified retrospective transition method. The results for periods prior to fiscal year 2019 were not adjusted for the new standard and the cumulative effect of the change in accounting of $28,927 was recognized as a net increase to retained earnings at the date of adoption. Overall, we continue to believe the net earnings impact of the adoption of ASC 606, when compared to net earnings under the previous guidance, will not be material for the full fiscal year 2019. However, we also continue to believe that there will be ongoing quarterly variability in both sales and net earnings resulting from the adoption of ASC 606 as compared to the prior year amounts presented under the previous guidance. The adoption of ASC 606 has no impact on our cash flows.

In the following discussion and analysis of the results of operations and liquidity, we compare the results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, which were prepared under ASC 606, to the results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018, which were prepared under the previous guidance, ASC 605. In instances where the change in accounting resulting from the adoption of ASC 606 is considered to be significant, we have identified the impact of ASC 606 on the current period results, which management believes improves comparability to the prior period results prepared under ASC 605.

The following table sets forth a comparison of select financial results as accounted for under both ASC 606 and ASC 605. The financial results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 are presented under the current guidance of ASC 606 and as if prepared under the previous guidance of ASC 605. We believe this improves the comparability of the financial results between the periods presented. The select financial results are presented on both an as reported basis in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and an as adjusted basis, which represent non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. The as adjusted non-U.S. GAAP financial measures, which differ from the same financial measure under U.S. GAAP under ASC 606 and ASC 605, include adjusted net earnings, adjusted earnings per share, and adjusted industrial segment earnings. A description of these measures as well as a reconciliation of these non-U.S.GAAP financial measures to the closest U.S. GAAP financial measures can be found under the caption “Non-U.S. GAAP Measures” in this Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.


	As reported (U.S. GAAP)						As adjusted (Non-U.S. GAAP)
	Three-Months Ended March 31,						Three-Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018		2019				2018
	ASC 606		ASC 605		ASC 605		ASC 606		ASC 605		ASC 605
Net Sales:
Aerospace segment	$	482,954	$	449,766	$	386,343	$	482,954	$	449,766	$	386,343
Industrial segment		275,890		273,461		161,906		275,890		273,461		161,906
Total consolidated net sales	$	758,844	$	723,227	$	548,249	$	758,844	$	723,227	$	548,249
Earnings:
Aerospace segment	$	101,722	$	92,264	$	74,656	$	101,722	$	92,264	$	74,656
Segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales		21.1%		20.5%		19.3%		21.1%		20.5%		19.3%
Industrial segment	$	27,128	$	26,531	$	10,687	$	36,113	$	35,516	$	10,687
Segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales		9.8%		9.7%		6.6%		13.1%		13.0%		6.6%
Consolidated net earnings	$	77,579	$	69,628	$	38,489	$	90,257	$	82,306	$	52,357
Consolidated diluted earnings per share	$	1.20	$	1.08	$	0.60	$	1.40	$	1.28	$	0.82


	As reported (U.S. GAAP)						As adjusted (Non-U.S. GAAP)
	Six-Months Ended March 31,						Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018		2019				2018
	ASC 606		ASC 605		ASC 605		ASC 606		ASC 605		ASC 605
Net Sales:
Aerospace segment	$	875,841	$	822,431	$	692,248	$	875,841	$	822,431	$	692,248
Industrial segment		535,814		533,437		326,149		535,814		533,437		326,149
Total consolidated net sales	$	1,411,655	$	1,355,868	$	1,018,397	$	1,411,655	$	1,355,868	$	1,018,397
Earnings:
Aerospace segment	$	174,576	$	167,147	$	119,897	$	174,576	$	167,147	$	119,897
Segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales		19.9%		20.3%		17.3%		19.9%		20.3%		17.3%
Industrial segment	$	56,297	$	57,040	$	30,468	$	74,793	$	75,536	$	30,468
Segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales		10.5%		10.7%		9.3%		14.0%		14.2%		9.3%
Consolidated net earnings	$	126,699	$	121,428	$	56,749	$	151,903	$	146,632	$	85,395
Consolidated diluted earnings per share	$	1.97	$	1.89	$	0.89	$	2.36	$	2.28	$	1.34

L’Orange Acquisition

On April 8, 2018, we entered into a Share Purchase Agreement (the “L’Orange Agreement”) with MTU Friedrichshafen GmbH (“MTU”) and MTU America Inc. (together with MTU, the “Sellers”), both of which were subsidiaries of Rolls-Royce PLC (“Rolls-Royce”). Pursuant to the L’Orange Agreement, we agreed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of stock of L’Orange GmbH, together with its wholly-owned subsidiaries in China and Germany, as well as all of the outstanding equity interests of its affiliate, Fluid Mechanics LLC, and their related operations (collectively, “L’Orange”), for total consideration (including cash consideration and the assumption of certain liabilities) of €700,000, or approximately $811,000 (the “L’Orange Acquisition”). The L’Orange Acquisition closed on June 1, 2018 (the “Closing”) and L’Orange became a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company. L’Orange has been renamed Woodward L’Orange.

Financial information for Woodward L’Orange is reflected in our financial statements from the date of the Closing. As a result of this acquisition, a comparison of results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 to the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018 may not be particularly meaningful with regard to the performance of Woodward’s organic business. References to “organic” sales relate to net sales of Woodward businesses excluding those attributable to Woodward L’Orange.

Operational Highlights

Quarter to Date Highlights

Net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $758,844, an increase of 38.4% from $548,249 for the prior year’s second quarter. Net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $35,617 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Organic net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, which excludes $87,986 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, were $670,858, an increase of 22.4% compared to reported net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Organic net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $33,025 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $9,532 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019.

Aerospace segment net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were up 25.0% to $482,954, compared to $386,343 for the second quarter of the prior fiscal year. Aerospace segment net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year

2019 include additional net sales of $33,188 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Industrial segment net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were up 70.4% to $275,890, compared to $161,906 for the second quarter of the prior fiscal year. Industrial segment sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $2,429 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Organic Industrial segment net sales, which excludes $87,986 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, were $187,904, up 16.1% compared to the second quarter of the prior year. ASC 606 did not have a significant effect on organic Industrial net sales in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019.

Net earnings for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $77,579, or $1.20 per diluted share, compared to $38,489, or $0.60 per diluted share, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Net earnings for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 include an increase in net earnings of $7,951, or $0.12 per diluted share, as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Adjusted net earnings for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $90,257, or adjusted earnings per share of $1.40 per diluted share, compared to adjusted net earnings of $52,357, or $0.82 per diluted share, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Adjusted net earnings for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 include an increase in net earnings of $7,951, or $0.12 per diluted share, as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Gross margin differences, net of tax, associated with the timing of sales under ASC 606 compared to those under the previous guidance resulted in higher net earnings associated with the increased sales.

The effective tax rate in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 was 14.0%, compared to 20.9% for the second quarter of the prior fiscal year. The prior fiscal year effective tax rate includes the impact of the changes in the U.S. federal tax law enacted in December 2017.

Earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”) for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $101,354, an increase of 77.8% from $56,999 in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. EBIT for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 includes an increase in EBIT of $10,069 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“EBITDA”) for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $138,211, up 74.9% from $79,011 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. EBITDA for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 includes an increase in EBITDA of $10,069 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were $119,500 and $147,372, respectively, compared to $75,547 and $97,559, respectively, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBITDA for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 each include an increase of $10,069 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance.

Aerospace segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 21.1% in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to 19.3% in the second quarter of the prior fiscal year. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Aerospace segment earnings as a percent of net sales were 20.5% in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019. Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 9.8% in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to 6.6% in the second quarter of the prior fiscal year. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Industrial segment earnings as a percent of net sales were 9.7% in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019. Adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percentage of segment net sales were 13.1% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percent of net sales were 13.0% for the same period.

Adjusted net earnings, adjusted earnings per share, EBIT, adjusted EBIT, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, and adjusted Industrial segment earnings are non-U.S. GAAP financial measures. A description of these measures as well as a reconciliation of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures to the closest U.S. GAAP financial measures can be found under the caption “Non-U.S. GAAP Measures” in this Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.

Year to Date Highlights

Net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were $1,411,655, an increase of 38.6% from $1,018,397 for the first half of the prior fiscal year. Net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $55,787 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Organic net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019, which exclude $175,666 of net sales attributable to L’Orange, were $1,235,989, an increase of 21.4% compared to the first half of fiscal year 2018. Organic net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $56,734 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on net sales of $14,255 for the first half of fiscal year 2019. Aerospace segment net sales for

the first half of fiscal year 2019 were up 26.5% to $875,841, compared to $692,248 for the first half of the prior fiscal year. Aerospace segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $53,410 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Industrial segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were $535,814, up 64.3% compared to $326,149 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Industrial segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $2,377 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Organic Industrial segment net sales, which exclude $175,666 of net sales attributable to L’Orange, were $360,148, up 10.4% compared to the first half of the prior fiscal year. Organic Industrial segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $3,324 recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance.

Net earnings for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were $126,699, or $1.97 per diluted share, compared to $56,749, or $0.89 per diluted share, for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Net earnings for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include an increase in net earnings of $5,271, or $0.08 per diluted share, as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Adjusted net earnings for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were $151,903, or adjusted earnings per share of $2.36 per diluted share, compared to adjusted net earnings of $85,395, or $1.34 per diluted share, for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Adjusted net earnings for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include an increase in net earnings of $5,271, or $0.08 per diluted share, as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Gross margin differences, net of tax, associated with the timing of sales under ASC 606 compared to those under the previous guidance resulted in lower accretion of net earnings associated with the increased sales.

The effective tax rate in the first half of fiscal year 2019 was 16.5%, compared to 34.1% for the first half of the prior fiscal year. The prior fiscal year effective tax rate includes the impact of the changes in the U.S. federal tax law enacted in December 2017.

EBIT for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $174,376, up 69.3% from $102,995 in the same period of fiscal year 2018. EBIT for the first half of fiscal year 2019 includes an increase in EBIT of $6,701 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. EBITDA for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $249,874, up 71.1% from $146,077 for the same period of fiscal year 2018. EBITDA for the first half of fiscal year 2019 includes an increase in EBITDA of $6,701 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBITDA for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were $208,996 and $265,998, respectively, compared to $121,543 and $164,625, respectively, for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBITDA for the first half of fiscal year 2019 each include an increase of $6,701 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance.

Aerospace segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales increased to 19.9% in the first half of fiscal year 2019 from 17.3% in the first half of the prior fiscal year. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Aerospace segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 20.3% in the first half of fiscal year 2019. Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales in the first half of fiscal year 2019 increased to 10.5% from 9.3% in the first half of the prior fiscal year. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 10.7% in the first half of fiscal year 2019. Adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 14.0% for the first half of fiscal year 2019. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 14.2% for the first half of fiscal year 2019.

Liquidity Highlights

Net cash provided by operating activities for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $140,954, compared to $56,718 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities in the first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the first half of the prior fiscal year is primarily attributable to increased earnings and the timing of certain cash payments for accounts payable in the first half of fiscal year 2019, partially offset by lower cash receipts due to the timing of sales in the period.

For the first half of fiscal year 2019, free cash flow, which we define as net cash flows from operating activities less payments for property, plant and equipment, was $86,613, compared to an outflow of $1,760 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. (A reconciliation of free cash flow, a non-U.S. GAAP financial measure, to the closest U.S. GAAP financial measure can be found under the caption “Non-U.S. GAAP Measures” in this Item 2 – Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.)

At March 31, 2019, we held $65,303 in cash and cash equivalents, and had total outstanding debt of $1,160,468 with additional borrowing availability of $698,700, net of outstanding letters of credit, under our revolving credit agreement. At March 31, 2019, we had additional borrowing capacity of $7,514 under various foreign lines of credit and foreign overdraft facilities.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table sets forth consolidated statements of earnings data as a percentage of net sales for each period indicated:



	Three-Months Ended								Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019		% of Net Sales		March 31, 2018		% of Net Sales		March 31, 2019		% of Net Sales		March 31, 2018		% of Net Sales
Net sales	$	758,844	100	%	$	548,249	100	%	$	1,411,655	100	%	$	1,018,397	100	%
Costs and expenses:
Cost of goods sold		566,841	74.7			402,159	73.4			1,059,015	75.0			749,786	73.6
Selling, general, and administrative expenses		54,857	7.2			39,755	7.3			106,784	7.6			86,214	8.5
Research and development costs		43,831	5.8			37,169	6.8			82,698	5.9			71,955	7.1
Restructuring charges		-	-			17,013	3.1			-	-			17,013	1.7
Interest expense		11,480	1.5			8,823	1.6			23,358	1.7			17,695	1.7
Interest income		(294)	(0.0)			(471)	(0.1)			(665)	(0.0)			(834)	(0.1)
Other (income) expense, net		(8,039)	(1.1)			(4,846)	(0.9)			(11,218)	(0.8)			(9,566)	(0.9)
Total costs and expenses		668,676	88.1			499,602	91.1			1,259,972	89.3			932,263	91.5
Earnings before income taxes		90,168	11.9			48,647	8.9			151,683	10.7			86,134	8.5
Income tax expense		12,589	1.7			10,158	1.9			24,984	1.8			29,385	2.9
Net earnings	$	77,579	10.2		$	38,489	7.0		$	126,699	9.0		$	56,749	5.6

Other select financial data:



	March 31,		September 30,
	2019		2018
Working capital	$	601,480	$	523,619
Short-term borrowings		160,000		153,635
Total debt		1,160,468		1,246,032
Total stockholders' equity		1,692,851		1,538,104

Net Sales

Consolidated net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 increased by $210,595, or 38.4%, compared to the same period of fiscal year 2018. Consolidated net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 increased by $393,258, or 38.6%, compared to the same period of fiscal year 2018. Net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $35,617 and $55,787, respectively, recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 under ASC 606 were increased primarily as a result of customer provided inventory required to be included in net sales (“noncash consideration”). Organic consolidated net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, which excludes $87,986 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, increased by 22.4%, compared to the same period of fiscal year 2018. Organic consolidated net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019, which excludes $175,666 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, increased by 21.4%, compared to the same period of fiscal year 2018. Organic net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $33,025 and $56,734, respectively, recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance.

Details of the changes in consolidated net sales are as follows:


	Three-Month Period		Six-Month Period
Consolidated net sales for the period ended March 31, 2018	$	548,249	$	1,018,397
Aerospace volume		63,947		132,902
Industrial volume		34,527		47,441
L’Orange acquisition		87,986		175,666
Noncash consideration		27,705		44,762
Effects of changes in price and sales mix		5,962		6,742
Effects of changes in foreign currency rates		(9,532)		(14,255)
Consolidated net sales for the period ended March 31, 2019	$	758,844	$	1,411,655

The increase in net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 is primarily attributable to robust commercial and defense original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) and commercial and defense aftermarket sales in the Aerospace segment. In the Industrial segment, the increase in organic net sales volumes is primarily attributable to increased sales in our reciprocating engine business.

Costs and Expenses

Cost of goods sold increased by $164,682 to $566,841, or 74.7% of net sales, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, from $402,159, or 73.4% of net sales, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Cost of goods sold increased by $309,229 to $1,059,015, or 75.0% of net sales, for the first half of fiscal year 2019 from $749,786, or 73.6% of net sales, for the first half of fiscal year 2018. The increase in cost of goods sold in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 as compared to the same periods of the prior year is primarily attributable to higher sales volume, additional costs of goods sold attributable to Woodward L’Orange sales, additional costs of goods sold attributable to noncash consideration from customer supplied inventory recognized under ASC 606, and higher manufacturing costs related to increased capacity expansion costs to support higher production levels.

Gross margin (as measured by net sales less cost of goods sold, divided by net sales) was 25.3% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to 26.6% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. The decrease in gross margin is primarily attributable to the amortization of the acquired Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible asset, which is recognized as a noncash increase to cost of goods sold, higher manufacturing costs related to increased capacity expansion costs to support increased production levels, and noncash consideration recognized under ASC 606, partially offset by a favorable mix of high gross margin sales in our Aerospace segment resulting from the quarterly variability of when the associated revenue was recognized under ASC 606. Noncash consideration negatively impacts gross margin as the inventory recognized as net sales under a noncash consideration transaction is reflected in cost of goods sold at an amount equal to the sales value.

Gross margin was 25.0% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to 26.4% for the first half of fiscal year 2018. The decrease in gross margin is primarily attributable to the amortization of the acquired Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible asset, which is recognized as a noncash increase to cost of goods sold, and higher manufacturing costs related to increased capacity expansion costs to support increased production levels. Gross margin for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was further negatively impacted by noncash consideration recognized under ASC 606.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by $15,102, or 38.0%, to $54,857 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $39,755 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased by $20,570, or 23.9%, to $106,784 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $86,214 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales decreased slightly to 7.2% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to 7.3% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018 and 7.6% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to 8.5% for the first half of fiscal year 2018.

The increase in selling, general, and administrative expenses for both the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 is attributable to Woodward L’Orange selling, general and administrative expenses, and an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year.

Research and development costs increased by $6,662, or 21.4%, to $43,831 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, as compared to $37,169 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Research and development costs as a percentage of net sales decreased to 5.8% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, as compared to 6.8% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Research and development costs increased by $10,743, or 16.7%, to $82,698 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, as

compared to $71,955 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Research and development costs decreased as a percentage of net sales to 5.9% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, as compared to 7.1% for the first half of fiscal year 2018.

Research and development costs in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 were higher due to research and development costs attributable to Woodward L’Orange and an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year. Our research and development activities extend across almost all of our customer base, and we anticipate ongoing variability in research and development due to the timing of customer business needs on current and future programs.

Restructuring charges of $17,013 in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2018 related primarily to our decision in the second quarter of fiscal year 2018 to relocate our Duarte, California operations to the Company’s newly renovated Drake Campus in Fort Collins, Colorado (the “Duarte Relocation”). Also included in the restructuring charges of $17,013 for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2018 were workforce management costs related to our ongoing effort to align our industrial turbomachinery business, which is part of our Industrial segment, with the then current market conditions. All of the restructuring charges recorded in the second quarter and first half of fiscal 2018 were recorded as nonsegment expenses. There were no restructuring charges recorded in the second quarter or first half of fiscal year 2019.

Interest expense increased by 2,657, or 30.1%, to $11,480, for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $8,823 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Interest expense decreased slightly as a percentage of net sales to 1.5% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, as compared to 1.6% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Interest expense increased by $5,663, or 32.0%, to $23,358 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, as compared to $17,695 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Interest expense as a percentage of net sales was 1.7% for both the first half of fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018. The increase in interest expense in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the same periods of fiscal year 2018 is due to the additional interest expense associated with the financing of the L’Orange Acquisition. Related to the acquisition, in the third quarter of fiscal year 2018 we issued an aggregate principal amount of $400,000 of senior unsecured notes in a series of private placement transactions and borrowed $167,420 under our revolving credit agreement to fund the acquisition.

Income taxes were provided at an effective rate on earnings before income taxes of 14.0% for the second quarter and 16.5% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to 20.9% for the second quarter and 34.1% for the first half of fiscal year 2018. The changes in components of our effective tax rate (as a percentage of earnings before income taxes) were attributable to the following:



		Three-Month			Six-Month
		Period			Period
Effective tax rate for the period ended March 31, 2018		20.9	%		34.1	%
Current year effect of U.S. federal corporate rate reduction		(3.5)			(3.5)
Impact of the Tax Act:
Effect of U.S. federal corporate rate reduction on net U.S. deferred tax liability	(0.9)			18.0
Transition tax	-			(30.2)
Increased deferred tax liability associated with anticipated repatriation taxes	-			(5.9)
Net impact of enactment of the Tax Act		(0.9)			(18.1)

Taxes on international activities		1.9			4.6
Research and experimentation credit		0.4			0.4
Adjustment of prior period tax items		-			2.1
Net excess income tax benefit from stock-based compensation		(6.9)			(4.5)
Domestic production activities deduction		1.5			1.5
Other		0.6			(0.1)
Effective tax rate for the period ended March 31, 2019		14.0	%		16.5	%

The decrease in the year-over-year effective tax rate for the three-months ended March 31, 2019 is primarily attributable to a higher favorable adjustment for the net excess income tax benefits from stock-based compensation, as compared to the prior fiscal year quarter, and the reduction in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate resulting from the enactment of “An Act to Provide for Reconciliation Pursuant to Titles II and V of the Concurrent Resolution on the Budget for Fiscal year 2018” (the “Tax Act”) (also known as “The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act”). This decrease was partially offset by the loss of the domestic production activities deduction in the current quarter, and an increase in the U.S. federal corporate income tax on

estimated current fiscal year foreign earnings in the current quarter compared to the same quarter last fiscal year, both of which were a result of the Tax Act.

Woodward’s tax returns are subject to audits by U.S. federal, state, and foreign tax authorities, and these audits are at various stages of completion at any given time. Reviews of tax matters by authorities and lapses of the applicable statutes of limitation may result in changes to tax expense. Woodward’s fiscal years remaining open to examination for U.S. Federal income taxes include fiscal years 2017 and thereafter. In fiscal year 2018, Woodward concluded its U.S. federal income tax examinations through fiscal year 2016. Woodward’s fiscal years remaining open to examination for significant U.S. state income tax jurisdictions include fiscal years 2014 and thereafter. Woodward closed various audits in foreign jurisdictions in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019. As a result, fiscal years remaining open to examination in significant foreign jurisdictions include 2016 and thereafter.

Segment Results

The following table presents sales by segment:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,								Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018				2019				2018
Net sales:
Aerospace	$	482,954	63.6	%	$	386,343	70.5	%	$	875,841	62.0	%	$	692,248	68.0	%
Industrial		275,890	36.4			161,906	29.5			535,814	38.0			326,149	32.0
Consolidated net sales	$	758,844	100.0	%	$	548,249	100.0	%	$	1,411,655	100.0	%	$	1,018,397	100.0	%

The following table presents earnings by segment and reconciles segment earnings to consolidated net earnings:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,				Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Aerospace	$	101,722	$	74,656	$	174,576	$	119,897
Industrial		27,128		10,687		56,297		30,468
Nonsegment expenses		(27,496)		(28,344)		(56,497)		(47,370)
Interest expense, net		(11,186)		(8,352)		(22,693)		(16,861)
Consolidated earnings before income taxes		90,168		48,647		151,683		86,134
Income tax expense		(12,589)		(10,158)		(24,984)		(29,385)
Consolidated net earnings	$	77,579	$	38,489	$	126,699	$	56,749

The following table presents segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,			Six-Months Ended March 31,
		2019	2018		2019	2018
Aerospace		21.1%	19.3%		19.9%	17.3%
Industrial		9.8%	6.6%		10.5%	9.3%

Aerospace

Aerospace segment net sales increased by $96,611, or 25.0% to $482,954 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $386,343 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Aerospace segment net sales increased by $183,593, or 26.5%, to $875,841 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $692,248 for the same period of fiscal year 2018. Aerospace segment net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $33,188 and $53,410, respectively, recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. The remaining increase in segment net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019, as compared to the same periods of fiscal year 2018, was driven by increased sales volume across commercial and military OEM and aftermarket programs as a result of continued momentum in next generation aircraft production, higher defense spending, and increased aircraft utilization.

Commercial OEM sales were up in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 as compared to the same periods of fiscal year 2018, driven by production of next generation narrowbody commercial aircraft on which we have increased content.

Commercial aftermarket sales increased in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 as compared to the same periods of fiscal year 2018, continuing to benefit from both the increased utilization of existing fleets and the initial provisioning for new platforms.

U.S. government funds continue to be prioritized for defense platforms on which we have content. Defense OEM sales increased in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the same periods of fiscal year 2018, driven primarily by continued strong demand for smart weapons, as well as growing international demand for various other military programs. Sales of fixed wing platforms continued to improve compared to the second quarter of the prior fiscal year resulting in a substantial increase year-to-date as compared to the same period last year. Defense aftermarket sales remained strong in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, although we expect some ongoing variability in the timing of continued maintenance needs and upgrade programs.

Aerospace segment earnings increased by $27,066, or 36.3%, to $101,722 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $74,656 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Aerospace segment earnings increased by $54,679, or 45.6%, to $174,576 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $119,897 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Aerospace segment earnings for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 include an increase in segment earnings of $9,458 and $7,429, respectively, as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Fluctuations in Aerospace segment earnings as a percentage of additional revenue recognized under ASC 606 are a result of gross margin differences associated with the timing of sales under ASC 606 compared to those under the previous guidance.

The net increase in Aerospace segment earnings for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 was due to the following:



	Three-Month		Six-Month
	Period		Period
Earnings for the period ended March 31, 2018	$	74,656	$	119,897
Sales volume		35,485		69,294
Price, sales mix and productivity		12,935		8,878
Production capacity expansion costs		(5,016)		(6,806)
Other, net		(16,338)		(16,687)
Earnings for the period ended March 31, 2019	$	101,722	$	174,576

Aerospace segment earnings as a percentage of segment net sales were 21.1% for the second quarter and 19.9% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to 19.3% for the second quarter and 17.3% for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Aerospace segment earnings as a percent of net sales were 20.5% for the second quarter and 20.3% for the first half of fiscal year 2019. Aerospace segment earnings in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 benefitted from higher sales volume and favorable product sales mix, partially offset by higher manufacturing costs related to increased capacity expansion costs to support higher production levels, and other costs primarily including an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year.

Industrial

Industrial segment net sales increased by $113,984, or 70.4%, to $275,890 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $161,906 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Industrial segment net sales increased by $209,665 or 64.3%, to $535,814 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $326,149 for the same period of fiscal year 2018. Foreign currency exchange rates had an unfavorable impact on segment net sales of $8,389 and $12,724 for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019, respectively. Industrial segment net sales for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $2,429 and $2,377, respectively, recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. Organic Industrial segment net sales for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, which excludes $87,986 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, were $187,904, an increase of 16.1% compared to the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. On a constant currency basis, organic Industrial segment net sales would have increased approximately 21.2% for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 compared to the same quarter of the prior fiscal year. Organic Industrial segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019, which excludes $175,666 of net sales attributable to Woodward L’Orange, were $360,148, an increase of 10.4% compared to the first half of fiscal year 2018. On a constant currency basis, organic Industrial segment net sales would have increased approximately 14.3% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to the first half of the prior fiscal year. Organic Industrial segment net sales for the first half of fiscal year 2019 include additional net sales of $3,324 as a result of revenue recognized under ASC 606 that would not have been recognized under the previous guidance. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a significant impact on the organic Industrial segment net sales recognized for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019.

The increase in organic Industrial segment net sales in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 was primarily due to increased reciprocating engine sales and stable industrial gas turbine sales, partially offset by declines in renewables sales. The sales increase in our engine business continues to be driven primarily by sales of fuel systems for compressed natural gas (“CNG”) trucks in Asia. As the Chinese government continues to encourage natural gas usage under its initiative on air quality improvement, we expect the market demand for natural gas trucks to increase both in total and as a percentage of total trucks sold. The industrial gas turbine business has remained stable with some year-over-year and sequential quarter sales growth. Industrial gas turbine sales in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 benefitted from the depletion of inventory levels in the market and increased Woodward content on the newer industrial gas turbines.

Our renewables business has been unfavorably impacted by platform transitions by some of our customers to wind turbines with less Woodward content and the shift from government subsidies to auction-based schemes, which have driven down market pricing and intensified competition.

On April 9, 2019, German wind turbine manufacturer, Senvion GmbH (“Senvion”), a customer of our renewables business, announced that it filed for self-administration insolvency proceedings. In parallel, Senvion announced that it has sought financing to secure the continuation of its operations, which it announced may allow the company to successfully exit the insolvency process. On April 17, 2019, Senvion announced that it signed a €100,000 bulk loan agreement with its lenders and major bondholders to enable the company to continue its business activities. As the proceedings are in the early stages, we will continue to analyze any financial and commercial impact of the Senvion insolvency proceedings, including any adverse effect the proceedings may have on our financial results. We believe any such effect would not be material to Woodward as a whole, although it could potentially be significant to our renewables business.

Industrial segment earnings increased by $16,441, or 153.8%, to $27,128 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $10,687 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Segment earnings increased by $25,829, or 84.8%, to $56,297 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $30,468 for the same period of fiscal year 2018. Adjusted Industrial segment earnings for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, which exclude certain purchase accounting impacts related to the L’Orange Acquisition, were $36,113, an increase of 237.9% compared to the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, and $74,793 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, an increase of 145.5% compared to same period of fiscal year 2018. The adoption of ASC 606 did not have a significant impact on either the Industrial segment earnings or adjusted Industrial segment earnings for the first half of fiscal year 2019. Fluctuations in Industrial segment earnings and adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percentage of additional revenue recognized under ASC 606 are a result of gross margin differences associated with the timing of sales under ASC 606 compared to those under the previous guidance.

The net increase in Industrial segment earnings for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 was due to the following:



	Three-Month		Six-Month
	Period		Period
Earnings for the period ended March 31, 2018	$	10,687	$	30,468
Sales volume		17,464		21,707
Price, sales mix and productivity		(3,171)		(1,395)
Impact of L’Orange Acquisition		11,897		22,499
Effects of changes in foreign currency rates		(1,114)		(2,144)
Other, net		(8,635)		(14,838)
Earnings for the period ended March 31, 2019	$	27,128	$	56,297
				-

Industrial segment earnings as a percentage of segment net sales were 9.8% for the second quarter and 10.5% for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to 6.6% for the second quarter and 9.3% for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, Industrial segment earnings as a percent of net sales were 9.7% and 10.7% for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019, respectively. Adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percentage of segment net sales were 13.1% for the second quarter and 14.0% for the first half of fiscal year 2019. Excluding the impact of the change in accounting following the adoption of ASC 606, adjusted Industrial segment earnings as a percent of segment net sales were 13.0% and 14.2% for the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019, respectively. The increase in Industrial segment earnings in the second quarter and first half of fiscal year 2019 was primarily due to earnings attributable to Woodward L’Orange and higher organic sales volume, partially offset by higher other costs primarily including an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year.

Nonsegment expenses

Nonsegment expenses decreased to $27,496 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019, compared to $28,344 for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018. Included in nonsegment expenses for the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 were charges in the amount of $9,161 related to the relocation of our Duarte, California operations to our newly renovated Drake campus in Fort Collins, Colorado (“Duarte move related costs”). Included in nonsegment expenses for the second quarter of fiscal year 2018 were restructuring charges of $17,013 and other charges of $1,535 related primarily to transaction costs associated with the L’Orange Acquisition. Excluding these charges from both 2019 and 2018, nonsegment expenses increased in the second quarter of fiscal year 2019 compared to the second quarter of fiscal year 2018 primarily due to an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year.

Nonsegment expenses increased to $56,497 for the first half of fiscal year 2019, compared to $47,370 for the first half of fiscal year 2018. Included in nonsegment expenses for the first half of fiscal year 2019 were Duarte move related costs of $16,124. Included in the first half of fiscal year 2018 were restructuring charges of $17,013 and other charges of $1,535 related primarily to transaction costs associated with the L’Orange Acquisition. Excluding these charges from both 2019 and 2018, nonsegment expenses increased in the first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the same period in fiscal year 2019 primarily due an increase in variable compensation related to the strong financial performance in the first half of the fiscal year.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Historically, we have satisfied our working capital needs, as well as capital expenditures, product development and other liquidity requirements associated with our operations, with cash flow provided by operating activities and borrowings under our credit facilities. Historically, we have also issued debt to supplement our cash needs, repay our other indebtedness, or finance our acquisitions. We expect that cash generated from our operating activities, together with borrowings under our revolving credit facility and other borrowing capacity, will be sufficient to fund our continuing operating needs, including capital expansion funding for the foreseeable future. The adoption of ASC 606 does not impact cash flow from operations nor free cash flow.

Our aggregate cash and cash equivalents were $65,303 at March 31, 2019 and $83,594 at September 30, 2018, and our working capital was $601,480 at March 31, 2019 and $523,619 at September 30, 2018. Of the cash and cash equivalents held at March 31, 2019, $61,799 was held by our foreign locations. We are not presently aware of any significant restrictions on the repatriation of these funds, although a portion is considered indefinitely reinvested in these foreign subsidiaries. If these

funds were needed to fund our operations or satisfy obligations in the United States, then they could be repatriated and their repatriation into the United States may cause us to incur additional U.S. income taxes or foreign withholding taxes. Any additional U.S. taxes could be offset, in part or in whole, by foreign tax credits. The amount of such taxes and application of tax credits would be dependent on the income tax laws and other circumstances at the time these amounts are repatriated. Based on these variables, it is impractical to determine the income tax liability that might be incurred if these funds were to be repatriated. The additional uncertainty associated with the Tax Act increases the impracticality of determining this income tax liability.

We do not believe the one-time repatriation tax on deferred foreign income resulting from the Tax Act, which is expected to be paid over an eight year period beginning in January 2019, will have a significant impact on our cash flows in any individual fiscal year.

Consistent with common business practice in China, our Chinese subsidiaries accept bankers’ acceptance notes from Chinese customers, in settlement of certain customer accounts receivable. Bankers’ acceptance notes are financial instruments issued by Chinese financial institutions as part of financing arrangements between the financial institution and a customer of the financial institution. Bankers’ acceptance notes represent a commitment by the issuing financial institution to pay a certain amount of money at a specified future maturity date to the legal owner of the bankers’ acceptance note as of the maturity date. The maturity date of bankers’ acceptance notes varies, but it is our policy to only accept bankers’ acceptance notes with maturity dates no more than 180 days from the date of our receipt of such draft. The issuing financial institution is the obligor, not our customers. Upon our acceptance of a bankers’ acceptance note from a customer, such customer has no further obligation to pay us for the related accounts receivable balance. We had bankers’ acceptance notes of $60,537 at March 31, 2019 and $23,191 at September 30, 2018 recorded as non-customer accounts receivable in our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. We only accept bankers’ acceptance notes issued by banks that are believed to be creditworthy and to which the credit risks associated with the bankers’ acceptance notes are believed to be low.

Our revolving credit facility matures in April 2020 and provides a borrowing capacity of up to $1,000,000 with the option to increase total available borrowings to up to $1,200,000, subject to lenders’ participation. We can borrow against our revolving credit facility as long as we are in compliance with all of our debt covenants. Borrowings under the revolving credit facility can be made in U.S. dollars or in foreign currencies other than the U.S. dollar provided that the U.S. dollar equivalent of any foreign currency borrowings and U.S. dollar borrowings does not, in total, exceed the borrowing capacity of the revolving credit facility. Historically, we have used borrowings under our revolving credit facilities to meet certain short-term working capital needs, as well as for strategic uses, including repurchases of our common stock, payments of dividends, acquisitions, and facility expansions. We intend to refinance our revolving credit facility prior to its maturity date.

In addition to our revolving credit facility, we have various foreign credit facilities, some of which are tied to net amounts on deposit at certain foreign financial institutions. These foreign credit facilities are reviewed annually for renewal. We use borrowings under these foreign credit facilities to finance certain local operations on a periodic basis. For further discussion of our revolving credit facility and our other credit facilities, see Note 14, Credit facilities, short-term borrowings and long-term debt in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item I of this Form 10-Q.

At March 31, 2019, we had total outstanding debt of $1,160,468 consisting of various series of unsecured notes due between 2019 and 2033, and amounts borrowed under our revolving credit facility. At March 31, 2019, we had additional borrowing availability of $698,700 under our revolving credit facility, net of outstanding letters of credit, and additional borrowing availability of $7,514 under various foreign credit facilities. On April 3, 2019, we paid the entire principal balance of $43,000 on our 8.24% unsecured Series F notes using proceeds from borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

At March 31, 2019, we had $290,646 of borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility, $160,000 of which was classified as short-term borrowings based on our intent and ability to pay this amount in the next twelve months. Of these borrowings, as of March 31, 2019, $262,600 is denominated in U.S. dollars and €25,000 is denominated in Euro. Revolving credit facility and short-term borrowing activity during the six-months ended March 31, 2019 were as follows:



Maximum daily balance during the period	$	449,802
Average daily balance during the period	$	361,887
Weighted average interest rate on average daily balance		3.62%

We believe we were in compliance with all our debt covenants as of March 31, 2019. See Note 13, Credit facilities, short-term borrowings and long-term debt in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of our most recent Form 10-K, for more information about our covenants.

In addition to utilizing our cash resources to fund the working capital needs of our business, we evaluate additional strategic uses of our funds, including the repurchase of our common stock, payment of dividends, significant capital expenditures, consideration of strategic acquisitions and other potential uses of cash.

In fiscal year 2018, we entered into the L’Orange Agreement. Pursuant to the L’Orange Agreement, we agreed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of stock of L’Orange. We completed the acquisition of L’Orange on June 1, 2018, for total consideration (including cash consideration and the assumption of certain liabilities) of €700,000, or approximately $811,000. The cash consideration was financed through the use of cash on hand, the issuance of senior unsecured notes and $167,420 borrowed under our revolving credit facility. In connection with these borrowings, we entered into cross currency swap transactions, which effectively lowered the interest rate on each tranche of the senior unsecured notes, and the borrowings under our revolving credit agreement (see Note 8, Derivative instruments and hedging activities in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements in Part I, Item I of this Form 10-Q for more information).

Our ability to service our long-term debt, to remain in compliance with the various restrictions and covenants contained in our debt agreements, and to fund working capital, capital expenditures and product development efforts will depend on our ability to generate cash from operating activities, which in turn is subject to, among other things, future operating performance as well as general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other conditions, some of which may be beyond our control.

In the first quarter of fiscal year 2017, our board of directors terminated our prior stock repurchase program and replaced it with a new program for the repurchase of up to $500,000 of Woodward’s outstanding shares of common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions over a three-year period that will end in November 2019 (the “2017 Authorization”). In the first half of fiscal year 2019, we repurchased 456 shares of our common stock for $43,253 under the 2017 Authorization pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan. We purchased no stock in the first half of fiscal year 2018.

For our Aerospace segment, we have been purchasing production equipment for our second campus in the greater-Rockford, Illinois area and anticipate continuing such purchases as new aircraft platforms ramp up to full production volumes. The second campus was built to support the expected growth in our Aerospace segment as a result of our being awarded a substantial number of new system platforms, particularly on narrow-body aircraft.

In the second quarter of fiscal year 2018, we announced our decision to relocate our Duarte, California operations to the Company’s newly renovated Drake Campus in Fort Collins, Colorado. The carrying value of the assets at the Duarte facility in California was $12,872 as of March 31, 2019, of which we have identified assets held for sale with a carrying value of $8,474. The assets held for sale relate to the land, building and building improvements, and other assets at the Duarte facility. Based on current market conditions, we expect to record a gain on the eventual sale of these assets. We have identified approximately $60 that is planned to be disposed of as a result of the relocation.

We believe that cash flows from operations, along with our contractually committed borrowings and other borrowing capability, will continue to be sufficient to fund anticipated capital spending requirements and our operations for the foreseeable future. However, we could be adversely affected if the financial institutions providing our capital requirements refuse to honor their contractual commitments, cease lending, or declare bankruptcy. We believe the lending institutions participating in our credit arrangements are financially stable.

Cash Flows



	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	140,954	$	56,718
Net cash used in investing activities		(44,781)		(49,118)
Net cash used in financing activities		(112,723)		(3,742)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(1,741)		8,737
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(18,291)		12,595
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at beginning of year		83,594		87,552
Cash and cash equivalents, at end of period	$	65,303	$	100,147

Net cash flows provided by operating activities for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $140,954, compared to $56,718 for the same period of fiscal year 2018. The increase in cash flows from operating activities in the first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the prior fiscal year is primarily attributable to higher cash provided by increased earnings and the timing of certain cash payments for accounts payable in the first half of fiscal year 2019, partially offset by lower cash receipts due to the timing of sales in the period. In addition to cash flows from net earnings in the first half of fiscal year 2019, increased accounts payable and accrued liabilities provided $34,298 in cash flow, while increased accounts receivable and inventory

used cash of $31,978 and $43,517, respectively, and income taxes used cash of $10,830. Depreciation and amortization in the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $75,498.Increases in both current unbilled receivables (contract assets) and contract liabilities had an insignificant net impact. Although the balance of current unbilled receivables (contract assets) and contract liabilities is expected to remain variable, the adoption of ASC 606 has no net impact on our net cash flows provided by operating activities.

Net cash flows used in investing activities for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $44,781, compared to $49,118 in the first half of fiscal year 2018. The decrease in cash used in investing activities in the first half of fiscal year 2019 compared to the first half of the prior fiscal year is primarily due to decreased payments for capital expenditures. Payments for property, plant and equipment decreased by $4,137 from $58,478 in the first half of fiscal year 2018 to $54,341 in the first half of fiscal year 2019 primarily due to the completion of renovations and a decrease in equipment purchases at our Drake campus in Fort Collins, Colorado in the first half of the current year, as well as a decrease in equipment purchases for our second campus in the greater-Rockford, Illinois area during the first half of current fiscal year compared to the same period last fiscal year.

Net cash flows used in financing activities for the first half of fiscal year 2019 was $112,723, compared to $3,742 in the first half of fiscal year 2018. During the first half of fiscal year 2019, we had net debt payments in the amount of $78,910, compared to net debt borrowings of $9,120 in the first half of fiscal year 2018. Also in the first half of fiscal year 2019, we repurchased 456 shares of our common stock for $43,253 pursuant to a 10b5-1 plan under the 2017 Authorization, of which $39,049 was paid in cash as of the end of the period. We made no stock repurchases in the first half of fiscal year 2018.

Contractual Obligations

We have various contractual obligations, including obligations related to long-term debt, operating and capital leases, purchases, retirement pension benefit plans, and other postretirement benefit plans. These contractual obligations are summarized and discussed more fully in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Part II, Item 7 of our most recent Form 10-K. There have been no material changes to our various contractual obligations during the first half of fiscal year 2019.

Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures

Organic net sales, organic Industrial segment net sales, constant currency organic Industrial segment net sales, adjusted net earnings, adjusted earnings per share, adjusted Industrial segment earnings, EBIT, adjusted EBIT, EBITDA, adjusted EBITDA, and free cash flow are financial measures not prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. However, we believe these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures provide additional information that enables readers to evaluate our business from the perspective of management.

Organic net sales and organic Industrial net sales

The Company presents certain sales measures excluding Woodward L’Orange net sales, which it refers to as “organic,” to show the changes to Woodward’s historical business. Management believes this improves comparability to the Company’s performance prior to the L’Orange Acquisition, which occurred in June 2018.

Constant currency organic Industrial segment net sales

The Company presents certain sales measures excluding the impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations, which is refers to as being presented on a "constant currency basis". The Company calculates sales measures on a constant currency basis by applying the foreign currency exchange rate in effect during the prior year comparative period to the current year sales measure in its local currency. The sales measures, when calculated on a constant currency basis, are intended to supplement our reported operating results and, when considered in conjunction with the corresponding U.S. GAAP measures, facilitate a better understanding of changes in the metrics from period to period and the core operations of the Company.

Earnings based non-U.S. GAAP financial measures

Adjusted net earnings is defined by the Company as net earnings excluding, as applicable, (i) restructuring charges, (ii) Duarte move related costs, (iii) merger and acquisition transaction and integration costs, (iv) the purchase accounting impact related to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible, and (v) the transition impacts of the change in U.S. federal tax legislation in December 2017. The Company believes that these excluded items are short-term in nature, not directly related to the ongoing operations of the business and therefore, the exclusion of them illustrates more clearly how the underlying business of Woodward is performing. Management uses adjusted net earnings in evaluating the Company’s performance excluding these infrequent or unusual period expenses that are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s operating performance for the period. Management defines adjusted earnings per share as adjusted net earnings, as defined above, divided by the weighted-average number of diluted shares of common stock outstanding for the period. Management

uses both adjusted net earnings and adjusted earnings per share when comparing operating performance to other periods which may not have similar infrequent or unusual charges.

The reconciliation of net earnings and earnings per share to adjusted net earnings and adjusted earnings per share, respectively, for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 is shown in the tables below.



	Three-Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018
	Net Earnings		Earnings Per Share		Net Earnings		Earnings Per Share
Net earnings (U.S. GAAP)	$	77,579	$	1.20	$	38,489	$	0.60
Non-U.S. GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring charges, net of tax		-		-		12,667		0.20
Purchase accounting impact, net of tax1		5,849		0.09		-		-
Other charges, net of tax2		6,829		0.11		1,201		0.02
Total non-U.S. GAAP adjustments		12,678		0.20		13,868		0.22
Adjusted net earnings (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	90,257	$	1.40	$	52,357	$	0.82


	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019				2018
	Net Earnings		Earnings Per Share		Net Earnings		Earnings Per Share
Net earnings (U.S. GAAP)	$	126,699	$	1.97	$	56,749	$	0.89
Non-U.S. GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring charges, net of tax		-		-		12,667		0.20
Purchase accounting impact, net of tax1		13,081		0.20		-		-
Other charges, net of tax2		12,123		0.19		1,201		0.02
Sub-total non-U.S. GAAP adjustments		25,204		0.39		13,868		0.22
Impact of December 2017 changes to U.S. tax law		-		-		14,778		0.23
Total non-U.S. GAAP adjustments		25,204		-		28,646		0.45
Adjusted net earnings (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	151,903	$	2.36	$	85,395	$	1.34

(1)

The purchase accounting impact related to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible, net of tax.

(2)

Other charges include, as applicable, (i) Duarte move related costs and (ii) merger and acquisition transaction costs.

Adjusted Industrial segment earnings is defined by the Company as Industrial segment earnings excluding the purchase accounting impacts related to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible. The Company believes that these purchase accounting impacts are short-term in nature, not related to the ongoing operations of the Industrial segment business and therefore, the exclusion of them illustrates more clearly how the underlying business of Woodward’s Industrial segment is performing.

The reconciliation of Industrial segment earnings to adjusted Industrial segment earnings for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 is shown in the table below. Adjusted Industrial segment earnings for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018 are not shown, as there were no comparable adjustments to U.S. GAAP Industrial segment earnings in the periods.


	Three-Months Ended		Six-Months Ended
	March 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Industrial segment earnings (U.S. GAAP)	$	27,128	$	56,297
Purchase accounting impacts1		8,985		18,496
Adjusted Industrial segment earnings (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	36,113	$	74,793

(1)

The purchase accounting impact related to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible.

Management uses EBIT to evaluate Woodward’s performance without financing and tax related considerations, as these elements may not fluctuate with operating results. Management uses EBITDA in evaluating Woodward’s operating performance, making business decisions, including developing budgets, managing expenditures, forecasting future periods, and evaluating capital structure impacts of various strategic scenarios. Securities analysts, investors and others frequently use EBIT and EBITDA in their evaluation of companies, particularly those with significant property, plant, and equipment, and intangible assets subject to amortization. The Company believes that EBIT and EBITDA are useful measures to the investor when measuring operating performance as they eliminate the impact of financing and tax expenses, which are non-operating expenses and may be driven by factors outside of our operations, such as changes in tax laws or regulations, and, in the case of EBITDA, the noncash charges associated with depreciation and amortization. Further, as interest from financing, income taxes, depreciation and amortization can vary dramatically between companies and between periods, management believes that the removal of these items can improve comparability.

Adjusted EBIT and adjusted EBITDA represent further non-U.S. GAAP adjustments to EBIT and EBITDA, in each case adjusted to exclude, as applicable, (i) Duarte move related costs and (ii) the purchase accounting impacts related to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible. As these charges are infrequent or unusual charges that can be variable from period to period and may not fluctuate with operating results, management believes that by removing these charges from EBIT and EBITDA it improves comparability of past, present and future operating results and provides consistency when comparing EBIT and EBITDA between periods.

EBIT and adjusted EBIT for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,				Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net earnings (U.S. GAAP)	$	77,579	$	38,489	$	126,699	$	56,749
Income tax expense		12,589		10,158		24,984		29,385
Interest expense		11,480		8,823		23,358		17,695
Interest income		(294)		(471)		(665)		(834)
EBIT (Non-U.S. GAAP)		101,354		56,999		174,376		102,995
Non-U.S. GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring charges		-		17,013		-		17,013
Purchase accounting impacts1		8,985		-		18,496		-
Other charges2		9,161		1,535		16,124		1,535
Total non-U.S. GAAP adjustments		18,146		18,548		34,620		18,548
Adjusted EBIT (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	119,500	$	75,547	$	208,996	$	121,543

(1)

The purchase accounting impacts relate to the amortization of the Woodward L’Orange backlog intangible.

(2)

Other charges include, as applicable, (i) Duarte move related costs and (ii) merger and acquisition transaction costs.

EBITDA and adjusted EBITDA for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 were as follows:



	Three-Months Ended March 31,				Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018
Net earnings (U.S. GAAP)	$	77,579	$	38,489	$	126,699	$	56,749
Income tax expense		12,589		10,158		24,984		29,385
Interest expense		11,480		8,823		23,358		17,695
Interest income		(294)		(471)		(665)		(834)
Amortization of intangible assets		16,693		6,258		34,165		12,501
Depreciation expense		20,164		15,754		41,333		30,581
EBITDA (Non-U.S. GAAP)		138,211		79,011		249,874		146,077
Non-U.S. GAAP adjustments:
Restructuring charges		-		17,013		-		17,013
Other charges1		9,161		1,535		16,124		1,535
Total non-U.S. GAAP adjustments		9,161		18,548		16,124		18,548
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	147,372	$	97,559	$	265,998	$	164,625

(1)

Other charges include, as applicable, (i) Duarte move related costs and (ii) merger and acquisition transaction costs.

The use of these non-U.S. GAAP financial measures is not intended to be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. As adjusted net earnings, adjusted net earnings per share, adjusted Industrial segment earnings, EBIT, adjusted EBIT, EBITDA, and adjusted EBITDA exclude certain financial information compared with net earnings, the most comparable U.S. GAAP financial measure, users of this financial information should consider the information that is excluded. Our calculations of adjusted net earnings, adjusted net earnings per share, adjusted Industrial segment earnings, EBIT, adjusted EBIT, EBITDA, and adjusted EBITDA may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies, limiting their usefulness as comparative measures.

Cash flow-based non-U.S. GAAP financial measures

Management uses free cash flow, which is defined by the Company as net cash flows provided by operating activities less payments for property, plant and equipment, in reviewing the financial performance of and cash generation by Woodward’s various business groups and evaluating cash levels. We believe free cash flow is a useful measure for investors because it portrays our ability to grow organically and generate cash from our businesses for purposes such as paying interest on our indebtedness, repaying maturing debt, funding business acquisitions, investing in research and development, purchasing our common stock, and paying dividends. In addition, securities analysts, investors, and others frequently use free cash flow in their evaluation of companies. The use of this non-U.S. GAAP financial measure is not intended to be considered in isolation of, or as substitutes for, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Free cash flow does not necessarily represent funds available for discretionary use, and is not necessarily a measure of our ability to fund our cash needs. Our calculation of free cash flow may differ from similarly titled measures used by other companies, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

Free cash flow for the six-months ended March 31, 2019 and March 31, 2018 were as follows:



	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018
Net cash provided by operating activities (U.S. GAAP)	$	140,954	$	56,718
Payments for property, plant and equipment		(54,341)		(58,478)
Free cash flow (Non-U.S. GAAP)	$	86,613	$	(1,760)

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires us to make judgments, assumptions, and estimates that affect the amounts reported in the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and accompanying notes. Note 1, Operations and summary of significant accounting policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our most recent Form 10-K, describes the significant accounting policies and methods used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our critical accounting estimates, identified in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Part II, Item 7 of our most recent Form 10-K, include the discussion of estimates used for revenue recognition, purchase accounting, inventory valuation, depreciation and amortization, reviews for impairment of goodwill, postretirement benefit obligations, and our provision for income taxes. Such accounting policies and estimates require significant judgments and assumptions to be used in the preparation of the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Form 10-Q, and actual results could differ materially from the amounts reported.

Effective October 1, 2018, Woodward adopted the new revenue recognition guidance of ASC 606. For discussion of the impacts of the adoption of ASC 606 on our revenue recognition policy and related critical accounting estimates, see Note 3, Revenue, to the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part 1, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Other than the changes to our revenue recognition policy and related critical accounting estimates, the critical accounting policies and estimates that were disclosed in our most recent Form 10-K have not materially changed since the date our most recent Form 10-K was filed with the SEC.

New Accounting Standards

From time to time, the FASB or other standards-setting bodies issue new accounting pronouncements. Updates to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification are communicated through issuance of an Accounting Standards Update.

To understand the impact of recently issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted, please review the information provided in Note 2, New accounting standards and Note 3, Revenue, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. Unless otherwise discussed, we believe that the impact of recently

issued guidance, whether adopted or to be adopted in the future, is not expected to have a material impact on our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements upon adoption.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of March 31, 2019, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC, that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in our financial condition, revenues, or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures, or capital resources, that are material to investors.

Item 3.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

In the normal course of business, we have exposures to interest rate risk from our long-term and short-term debt and our postretirement benefit plans, and foreign currency exchange rate risk related to our foreign operations and foreign currency transactions. We are also exposed to various market risks that arise from transactions entered into in the normal course of business related to items such as the cost of raw materials and changes in inflation. Certain contractual relationships with customers and vendors mitigate risks from changes in raw material costs and foreign currency exchange rate changes that arise from normal purchasing and normal sales activities.

These market risks are discussed more fully in “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in Part II, Item 7A of our most recent Form 10-K. These market risks have not materially changed since the date our most recent Form 10-K was filed with the SEC.

Item 4.Controls and Procedures

We have established disclosure controls and procedures, which are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. These disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit under the Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Principal Executive Officer (Thomas A. Gendron, Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer and President) and Principal Financial and Accounting Officer (Robert F. Weber, Jr., Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures.

Thomas A. Gendron and Robert F. Weber, Jr., evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-Q. Based on their evaluations, they concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2019.

During the quarterly period ended December 31, 2018, we adopted the new revenue recognition guidance of ASC 606. We designed new business policies and procedures, modified existing information systems to assist in the adoption and ongoing application of the new guidance, implemented a new revenue recognition module to supplement and interface with our existing information systems, provided training, and designed and applied new internal controls related to impacted information systems and disclosures. There have not been any other significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

On June 1, 2018, we acquired L’Orange as discussed in Note 5, Business acquisition, in the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q. We considered the results of our pre-acquisition due diligence activities and the continuation by Woodward L’Orange of its established internal controls over financial reporting as part of our overall evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2019. The objectives of Woodward L’Orange’s established internal controls over financial reporting is consistent, in all material respects, with Woodward’s objectives. We are in the process of completing a more comprehensive review of Woodward L’Orange’s internal control over financial reporting, and will be implementing changes to better align its reporting and controls with the rest of Woodward. As a result of the timing of the acquisition and the changes that are anticipated to be made, and in accordance with the general guidance issued by the SEC regarding exclusion of certain acquired businesses, we excluded Woodward L’Orange from the September 30, 2018 assessment of Woodward’s internal controls over financial reporting. Woodward L’Orange accounted for approximately 45% and 25% of Woodward’s net assets and total assets, respectively, at March 31, 2019, and 12% of Woodward’s total net sales for each of the three and six-months ended March 31, 2019, respectively. Results for the three and six-months ended March 31, 2018 did not include Woodward L’Orange sales.

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

While the outcome of pending claims, legal and regulatory proceedings, and investigations cannot be predicted with certainty, management believes that any liabilities that may result from these claims, proceedings and investigations will not have a material effect on Woodward's liquidity, financial condition, or results of operations.

Item 1A.Risk Factors

Investment in our securities involves risk. An investor or potential investor should consider the risks summarized under the caption “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our most recent Form 10-K when making investment decisions regarding our securities. The risk factors that were disclosed in our most recent Form 10-K have not materially changed since the date our most recent Form 10-K was filed with the SEC.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Sales of Unregistered Securities

None.



Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities (In thousands, except for shares and per share amounts)	Total Number of Shares Purchased	Weighted Average Price Paid Per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that may yet be Purchased under the Plans or Programs at Period End (1)
January 1, 2019 through January 31, 2019	-	$	-	-	$	428,803
February 1, 2019 through February 28, 2019	-		-	-		428,803
March 1, 2019 through March 31, 2019 (2)	456,831		94.75	456,478		385,549


	(1)		In November 2016, our board of directors approved a stock repurchase program for the repurchase of up to $500,000 of Woodward’s outstanding shares of common stock on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions over a three-year period that will end in November 2019.

	(2)		Under a trust established for the purposes of administering the Woodward Executive Benefit Plan, 353 shares of common stock were acquired in March 2019 on the open market related to the reinvestment of dividends for shares of treasury stock held for deferred compensation. Shares owned by the trust, which is a separate legal entity, are included in "Treasury stock held for deferred compensation" in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Item 6.Exhibits

Exhibits filed as part of this Report are listed in the Exhibit Index.

WOODWARD, INC.

EXHIBIT INDEX


	Exhibit Number		Description
†*	10.1		Thomas G. Cromwell employment offer letter, dated January 30, 2019
*	31.1		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of Thomas A. Gendron
*	31.2		Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certification of Robert F. Weber, Jr.
*	32.1		Section 1350 certifications
*	101.INS		XBRL Instance Document.
*	101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
*	101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
*	101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
*	101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
*	101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

	Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following materials from Woodward, Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings, (ii) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Earnings, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iv) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (v) the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, and (vi) the Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.


†		Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
*		Filed as an exhibit to this Report

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


			WOODWARD, INC.
Date: May 7, 2019			/s/ Thomas A. Gendron
			Thomas A. Gendron
			Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, and President (on behalf of the registrant and as the registrant’s Principal Executive Officer)

Date: May 7, 2019			/s/ Robert F. Weber, Jr.
			Robert F. Weber, Jr.
			Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer (on behalf of the registrant and as the registrant’s Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)




Commission file number 000-08408
WOODWARD, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware		36-1984010
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
1081 Woodward Way, Fort Collins, Colorado		80524
(Address of principal executive offices)		(Zip Code)
(970) 482-5811
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)		Name of exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.001455 per share	WWD		NASDAQ Global Select Market



	Three-Months Ended				Six-Months Ended
	March 31,				March 31,
	2019		2018		2019		2018

Net earnings	$	77,579	$	38,489	$	126,699	$	56,749

Other comprehensive earnings:
Foreign currency translation adjustments		323		9,584		(1,411)		14,687
Net (loss) gain on foreign currency transactions designated as hedges of net investments in foreign subsidiaries (Note 8)		925		(1,268)		1,574		(2,011)
Taxes on changes in foreign currency translation adjustments		(280)		(450)		103		(263)
Foreign currency translation and transactions adjustments, net of tax		968		7,866		266		12,413

Unrealized gain on fair value adjustment of derivative instruments (Note 8)		9,609		-		28,172		-
Reclassification of net realized gains on derivatives to earnings (Note 8)		(10,895)		(18)		(18,721)		(36)
Taxes on changes in derivative transactions		32		6		(176)		13
Derivative adjustments, net of tax		(1,254)		(12)		9,275		(23)

Curtailment of postretirement benefit plan arising during the period		-		-		-		59

Amortization of pension and other postretirement plan:
Net prior service cost		176		139		352		276
Net loss		242		248		481		494
Foreign currency exchange rate changes on pension and other postretirement benefit plan liabilities		(301)		(583)		2		(682)
Taxes on changes in pension and other postretirement benefit plan liability adjustments, net of foreign currency exchange rate changes		6		60		(203)		(72)
Pension and other postretirement benefit plan adjustments, net of tax		123		(136)		632		75
Total comprehensive earnings	$	77,416	$	46,207	$	136,872	$	69,214



	Six-Months Ended March 31,
	2019		2018

Net cash provided by operating activities	$	140,954	$	56,718

Cash flows from investing activities:
Payments for purchase of property, plant, and equipment		(54,341)		(58,478)
Proceeds from sale of assets		271		1,198
Proceeds from sales of short-term investments		10,259		8,970
Payments for purchases of short-term investments		(970)		(808)
Net cash used in investing activities		(44,781)		(49,118)

Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash dividends paid		(18,914)		(16,422)
Proceeds from sales of treasury stock		24,150		3,560
Payments for repurchases of common stock		(39,049)		-
Borrowings on revolving lines of credit and short-term borrowings		865,617		809,680
Payments on revolving lines of credit and short-term borrowings		(844,262)		(800,350)
Payments of long-term debt and capital lease obligations		(100,265)		(210)
Net cash used in financing activities		(112,723)		(3,742)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents		(1,741)		8,737
Net change in cash and cash equivalents		(18,291)		12,595
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year		83,594		87,552
Cash and cash equivalents, including restricted cash, at end of period	$	65,303	$	100,147



	Number of shares				Stockholders' equity
									Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) earnings
	Preferred stock	Common stock	Treasury stock	Treasury stock held for deferred compensation	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Unrealized derivative gains (losses)		Minimum retirement benefit liability adjustments		Total accumulated other comprehensive (loss) earnings		Deferred compensation		Retained earnings		Treasury stock at cost		Treasury stock held for deferred compensation		Total stockholders' equity

Balances as of January 1, 2018	-	72,960	(11,706)	(200)	$	106	$	176,473	$	(22,733)	$	124	$	(25,830)	$	(48,439)	$	8,173	$	1,830,872	$	(558,466)	$	(8,173)	$	1,400,546
Net earnings	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		38,489		-		-		38,489
Other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax	-	-	-	-		-		-		7,866		(12)		(136)		7,718		-		-		-		-		7,718
Cash dividends paid ($0.1425 per share)	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(8,766)		-		-		(8,766)
Sales of treasury stock	-	-	64	-		-		(43)		-		-		-		-		-		-		2,214		-		2,171
Common shares issued from treasury stock for benefit plans	-	-	202	-		-		7,157		-		-		-		-		-		-		7,584		-		14,741
Stock-based compensation	-	-	-	-		-		2,011		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		2,011
Purchases and transfers of stock by/to deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		52		-		-		(52)		-
Distribution of stock from deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(3)		-		-		3		-
Balances as of March 31, 2018	-	72,960	(11,440)	(200)	$	106	$	185,598	$	(14,867)	$	112	$	(25,966)	$	(40,721)	$	8,222	$	1,860,595	$	(548,668)	$	(8,222)	$	1,456,910

Balances as of January 1, 2019	-	72,960	(11,096)	(209)	$	106	$	195,894	$	(40,538)	$	(10,413)	$	(13,697)	$	(64,648)	$	9,015	$	2,034,877	$	(535,362)	$	(9,015)	$	1,630,867
Net earnings	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		77,579		-		-		77,579
Other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax	-	-	-	-		-		-		968		(1,254)		123		(163)		-		-		-		-		(163)
Cash dividends paid ($0.1625 per share)	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(10,106)		-		-		(10,106)
Purchases of treasury stock	-	-	(457)	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(43,253)		-		(43,253)
Sales of treasury stock	-	-	638	-		-		(2,489)		-		-		-		-		-		-		23,256		-		20,767
Common shares issued from treasury stock for benefit plans	-	-	158	-		-		9,173		-		-		-		-		-		-		5,673		-		14,846
Stock-based compensation	-	-	-	-		-		2,314		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		2,314
Purchases and transfers of stock by/to deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		34		-		-		(34)		-
Distribution of stock from deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	3		-		-		-		-		-		-		(173)		-		-		173		-
Balances as of March 31, 2019	-	72,960	(10,757)	(206)	$	106	$	204,892	$	(39,570)	$	(11,667)	$	(13,574)	$	(64,811)	$	8,876	$	2,102,350	$	(549,686)	$	(8,876)	$	1,692,851



	Number of shares				Stockholders' equity
									Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) earnings
	Preferred stock	Common stock	Treasury stock	Treasury stock held for deferred compensation	Common stock		Additional paid-in capital		Foreign currency translation adjustments		Unrealized derivative gains (losses)		Minimum retirement benefit liability adjustments		Total accumulated other comprehensive (loss) earnings		Deferred compensation		Retained earnings		Treasury stock at cost		Treasury stock held for deferred compensation		Total stockholders' equity

Balances as of September 30, 2017	-	72,960	(11,739)	(186)	$	106	$	163,836	$	(27,280)	$	135	$	(26,041)	$	(53,186)	$	7,135	$	1,820,268	$	(559,641)	$	(7,135)	$	1,371,383
Net earnings	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		56,749		-		-		56,749
Other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax	-	-	-	-		-		-		12,413		(23)		75		12,465		-		-		-		-		12,465
Cash dividends paid ($0.2675 per share)	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(16,422)		-		-		(16,422)
Sales of treasury stock	-	-	97	-		-		171		-		-		-		-		-		-		3,389		-		3,560
Common shares issued from treasury stock for benefit plans	-	-	202	-		-		7,157		-		-		-		-		-		-		7,584		-		14,741
Stock-based compensation	-	-	-	-		-		14,434		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		14,434
Purchases and transfers of stock by/to deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	(14)		-		-		-		-		-		-		1,093		-		-		(1,093)		-
Distribution of stock from deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(6)		-		-		6		-
Balances as of March 31, 2018	-	72,960	(11,440)	(200)	$	106	$	185,598	$	(14,867)	$	112	$	(25,966)	$	(40,721)	$	8,222	$	1,860,595	$	(548,668)	$	(8,222)	$	1,456,910

Balances as of September 30, 2018	-	72,960	(11,203)	(202)	$	106	$	185,705	$	(39,794)	$	(20,942)	$	(14,206)	$	(74,942)	$	8,431	$	1,966,643	$	(539,408)	$	(8,431)	$	1,538,104
Cumulative effect from adoption of ASC 606 (Note 3)	-	-	-	-		-		-		(42)		-		-		(42)		-		28,927		-		-		28,885
Cumulative effect from adoption of ASU 2016-16 (Note 2)	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(1,005)		-		-		(1,005)
Net earnings	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		126,699		-		-		126,699
Other comprehensive earnings (loss), net of tax	-	-	-	-		-		-		266		9,275		632		10,173		-		-		-		-		10,173
Cash dividends paid ($0.3050 per share)	-	-	-	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(18,914)		-		-		(18,914)
Purchases of treasury stock	-	-	(457)	-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		(43,253)		-		(43,253)
Sales of treasury stock	-	-	745	-		-		(3,152)		-		-		-		-		-		-		27,302		-		24,150
Common shares issued from treasury stock for benefit plans	-	-	158	-		-		9,173		-		-		-		-		-		-		5,673		-		14,846
Stock-based compensation	-	-	-	-		-		13,166		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		-		13,166
Purchases and transfers of stock by/to deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	(8)		-		-		-		-		-		-		625		-		-		(625)		-
Distribution of stock from deferred compensation plan	-	-	-	4		-		-		-		-		-		-		(180)		-		-		180		-
Balances as of March 31, 2019	-	72,960	(10,757)	(206)	$	106	$	204,892	$	(39,570)	$	(11,667)	$	(13,574)	$	(64,811)	$	8,876	$	2,102,350	$	(549,686)	$	(8,876)	$	1,692,851


TABLE OF CONTENTS
		Page
PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Earnings	2
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Earnings	3
	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets	4
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	5
	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity	6
	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	8
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	45
	Forward Looking Statements	45
	Overview	48
	Results of Operations	52
	Liquidity and Capital Resources	58
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	65
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	65
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	66
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	66
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	66
Item 6.	Exhibits	67
	Signatures	68