Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Significant Accounting Policies

2. Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Manhattan Bridge Capital, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiary, MBC Funding. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management will base the use of estimates on (a) a preset number of assumptions that consider past experience, (b) future projections, and (c) general financial market conditions. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash. The Company maintains its cash with two major financial institutions. Accounts at the financial institutions are insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation up to $250,000.

Credit risks associated with short term commercial loans the Company makes to small businesses and related interest receivable are described in Note 5.

Income Taxes

The Company follows Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken, or expected to be taken, in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more likely than not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. As of December 31, 2018 and 2017, the Company has no material uncertain tax positions to be accounted for in the financial statements. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions, if any, as part of income tax expense.

The Company is organized and conducts its operations to qualify as a real estate investment trust for federal income tax purposes (“REIT”). The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2014. A REIT calculates taxable income similar to other domestic corporations, with the major difference being a REIT is entitled to a deduction for dividends paid. A REIT is generally required to distribute each year at least 90% of its REIT taxable income. If it chooses to retain the remaining 10% of taxable income, it may do so, but it will be subject to a corporate income tax on such income. The Company may be subject to federal excise tax and minimum state taxes.

Revenue Recognition

Interest income from commercial loans is recognized, as earned, over the loan period.

Origination fee revenue on commercial loans is amortized over the term of the respective note.

Deferred Financing Costs

The Company presents deferred financing costs, excluding those incurred in connection with its line of credit, in the balance sheet as a direct reduction from the related debt liability rather than an asset, in accordance with Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2015-03, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs”. These costs, incurred in connection with the issuance of the Company’s senior secured notes, are being amortized over ten years, using the straight-line method, as the difference between use of the effective interest method is not material.

Deferred financing costs in connection with the Company’s Credit and Security Agreement with Webster Business Credit Corporation (“Webster”), as amended, as well as the Amended and Restated Credit and Security Agreement, as amended (the “Amended Credit Agreement”), with Webster and Flushing Bank (“Flushing”), as discussed in Note 6, are presented as an asset in the balance sheet, in accordance with ASU 2015-15, “Interest – Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Presentation and Subsequent Measurement of Debt Issuance Costs Associated With Line of Credit Arrangements”. These costs are being amortized over the term of the respective agreement, using the straight-line method.

Earnings Per Share (“EPS”)

Basic and diluted EPS are calculated in accordance with ASC 260, “Earnings Per Share”. Under ASC 260, basic earnings per share is computed by dividing income available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted EPS include the potential dilution from the exercise of stock options and warrants for common shares using the treasury stock method.

The numerator in calculating both basic and diluted EPS for each year is the reported net income. The denominator is based on the following weighted average number of common shares:

	Years ended  December 31,
	2018		2017
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding		8,792,207		8,117,280
Incremental shares for assumed exercise of options		6,837		11,405
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding		8,799,044		8,128,685

46,425 and 59,238 vested options and warrants were not included in the diluted EPS calculation for the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, because their effect would have been anti-dilutive.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company measures and recognizes compensation awards for all stock option grants made to employees and directors, based on their fair value in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation - Stock Compensation”, which establishes standards for the accounting for transactions in which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services. A key provision of this statement is to measure the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments (including stock options) based on the grant-date fair value of the award. The cost will be recognized over the service period during which an employee is required to provide service in exchange for the award (i.e., the requisite service period or vesting period). The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees in accordance with the provisions of ASC 718 and ASC 505-50, “Equity Based Payment to Non-Employees”. All transactions with non-employees in which goods or services are the consideration received for the issuance of equity instruments are accounted for based on the fair value of the consideration received or the fair value of the equity instrument issued, whichever is more appropriately measurable.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

For cash, the line of credit and accounts payable, as well as interest bearing commercial loans held by the Company, the carrying amount approximates fair value due to the relative short-term nature of such instruments. The Company determines the fair value of its senior secured notes using market prices which currently approximate their carrying amount.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) issued ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”), which is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning on or after December 15, 2017. This ASU outlines a new, single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes the most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry specific guidance. Several ASUs expanding and clarifying the initial guidance issued in ASU 2014-09 have been released since May 2014. Exclusions from the scope of this guidance include revenue resulting from loans, investment securities (available-for-sale and trading), investments in unconsolidated entities and leases. The Company adopted the ASU effective January 1, 2018. The Company evaluated the applicability of this guidance and concluded that the adoption does not have an effect on its consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)” (“ASU 2016-02”), which amends the existing accounting standards for leases. This ASU requires lessees to record a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for the obligation to make payments for all leases with the exception of those leases with a term of 12 months or less. This ASU also requires expanded disclosures regarding leasing arrangements. For public companies that file with the Securities Exchange Commission (“SEC”) the standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash” (“ASU 2016-18”). The amendments in this update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The adoption of this standard required the Company to reconcile changes in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash on the consolidated statement of cash flows. As a result, the Company no longer presents transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The Company adopted ASU 2016-18 in 2018 and applied the guidance retrospectively to the 2017 consolidated statement of cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities.” This ASU expands the activities that qualify for hedge accounting and simplifies the rules for reporting hedging transactions. For public companies that file with the SEC, the standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income.” This ASU amends ASC 220, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income,” to allow a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income to retained earnings for stranded tax effects resulting from the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. In addition, under this ASU, an entity will be required to provide certain disclosures regarding stranded tax effects. For all entities, the standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting.” This ASU supersedes ASC 505-50, “Equity Based Payment to Non-Employees,” (“ASC 505-50”) and expands the scope of ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation,” to include all share-based payment arrangements related to the acquisition of goods and services from both nonemployees and employees. For public companies that file with the SEC, the standard is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than an entity’s adoption date of ASC 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers.” The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework—Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement.” This ASU eliminates, adds and modifies certain disclosure requirements for fair value measurements as part of its disclosure framework project. The standard is effective for all entities for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Management does not believe that any other recently issued, but not yet effective, accounting standards if currently adopted would have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.