2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accounting policies of the Company, as applied in the interim consolidated financial statements presented herein are substantially the same as presented in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2019, except as may be indicated below:

Interim Financial Information

The interim consolidated financial statements of Remedent, Inc. and Subsidiaries (the "Company") are condensed and do not include some of the information necessary to obtain a complete understanding of the financial data. Management believes that all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of results have been included in the unaudited consolidated financial statements for the interim periods presented. Operating results for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2019, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ended March 31, 2020. Accordingly, your attention is directed to footnote disclosures found in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ending March 31, 2019, and particularly to Note 2, which includes a summary of significant accounting policies.

Basis of Consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of: Remedent N.V. (incorporated in Belgium) located in Ghent, Belgium, Remedent Professional, Inc. and Remedent Professional Holdings, Inc. (both incorporated in California and inactive), Glamtech-USA, Inc. (a Delaware corporation acquired effective August 24, 2008), Condor North America LLC, a Nevada Corporation, Remedent N.V.’s 50 % owned subsidiary, Biotech Dental Benelux N.V., a Belgium private company located in Ghent, Remedent N.V.’s 51% owned subsidiary, GlamSmile Deutschland GmbH, a German private company located in Munich (effective March 31, 2014 this subsidiary is inactive), Remedent N.V.’s 80 % owned subsidiary, GlamSmile Rome, an Italian private company located in Rome (effective March 31, 2014 this subsidiary is inactive).

Remedent N.V. owns 21.51% of Glamsmile Dental Technology Ltd., a Cayman Islands company (“Glamsmile Dental”). The subsidiaries of Glamsmile Dental include: Glamsmile (Asia) Limited, a company organized and existing under the laws of Hong Kong, Beijing Glamsmile Technology Development Ltd., a 100% owned subsidiary or GlamSmile Asia, its 80% owned subsidiary Beijing Glamsmile Trading Co., Ltd. and its 98% owned subsidiary Beijing Glamsmile Dental Clinic Co., Ltd., including its 100% owned Shanghai Glamsmile Dental Clinic Co., Ltd., its 100% owned Guangzhou Dental Clinic Co., Ltd. and its 50% owned Whenzhou GlamSmile Dental Clinic Ltd., which are accounted for using the equity method after January 31, 2012 (see Note 3 – Long-term Investment); In addition, a 3.03% ownership interest in Condor Technologies N.V. ( a Belgium private company) and a 26.09% ownership interest in Metrics in Balance N.V. (a Belgium corporation).

Remedent, Inc. is a holding company with headquarters in Ghent, Belgium. Remedent Professional, Inc. and Remedent Professional Holdings, Inc. have been dormant since inception.

For all periods presented, all significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements and corporate administrative costs are not allocated to subsidiaries.

Warranties

The Company typically warrants its products against defects in material and workmanship for a period of 24 months from shipment.

A tabular reconciliation of the Company’s aggregate product warranty liability for the reporting periods is as follows:


	Nine months
	ended		Year ended
	December 31, 2019		March 31, 2019
Product warranty liability:
Opening balance	$	5,619	$	6,164
Accruals for product warranties issued in the period		—		—
Adjustments to liabilities for pre-existing warranties		(49)		(545)
Ending liability	$	5,570	$	5,619

Based upon historical trends and warranties provided by the Company’s suppliers and sub-contractors, the Company has made a provision for warranty costs of $5,570 and $5,619 as of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, respectively.

Computation of Earnings (Loss) per Share

Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Net income (loss) per common share attributable to common stockholders assuming dilution is computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding plus the number of additional common shares that would have been outstanding if all dilutive potential common shares had been issued.

On April 1, 2009, the Company adopted changes issued by the FASB to the calculation of earnings per share. These changes state that unvested share-based payment awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and shall be included in the computation of earnings per share pursuant to the two-class method for all periods presented. The adoption of this change had no impact on the Company’s basic or diluted net loss per share because the Company has never issued any share-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights.

At each of December 31, 2019 and March 31, 2019, the Company had 19,995,969, shares of common stock issued and outstanding. The Company did not have any warrants or options outstanding at either of December 31, 2019 or March 31, 2019.

Conversion of Foreign Currencies

The reporting and functional currency for the consolidated financial statements of the Company is the U.S. dollar. The home currency for the Company’s European subsidiaries, Remedent N.V., Biotech Dental Benelux N.V., Metrics in Balance N.V., SmileWise Corporate B.V.B.A., GlamSmile Rome and GlamSmile Deutschland GmbH, is the Euro, for Glamsmile Asia Ltd., and its subsidiaries, the Hong Kong dollar and the Chinese Renmimbi (“RMB”) for Mainland China. The assets and liabilities of companies whose functional currency is other that the U.S. dollar are included in the consolidation by translating the assets and liabilities at the exchange rates applicable at the end of the reporting period. The statements of income of such companies are translated at the average exchange rates during the applicable period. Translation gains or losses are accumulated as a separate component of stockholders’ equity.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The Company’s only component of other comprehensive income is the accumulated foreign currency translation consisting of gains/(losses) of $36 and $16,812 for the nine months ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. These amounts have been recorded as a separate component of stockholders’ equity (deficit).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Changes to GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (the “FASB”) in the form of accounting standards updates (“ASUs”) to the FASB’s Accounting Standards Codification.

The Company considers the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined not to be applicable or are expected to have minimal impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position and results of operations.

Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB established ASU Topic 842 – Leases, by issuing ASU Topic No. 2016-02 (“Topic 842”), which requires lessees to recognize lease on-balance sheet and disclose key information about leasing arrangements. Topic 842 was subsequently amended by ASU Topic 2018-11 – Targeted Improvements. The new standard establishes a right-of-use model (“ROU”) that requires a lessee to recognize a ROU asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern and classification of expense recognition in the statement of operations.

The Company adopted Topic 842 in the first quarter of 2019 utilizing the modified retrospective transition method and a cumulative effect adjustment at the beginning of the first quarter of 2019. The Company has elected the package of practical expedients, which allows the Company not to reassess (1) whether any expired or existing contracts as of the adoption date are or contain a lease, (2) lease classification for any expired or existing leases as of the adoption date, and (3) initial direct costs for any existing leases as of the adoption date. The Company did not elect to apply the hindsight practical expedient when determining lease term and assessing impairment of the right-to-use assets. The adoption of Topic 842 resulted in the recognition of right-of use assets of approximately $180,926 and lease liabilities for operating leases of approximately $180,926 and no cumulative effect adjustment on retained earnings on its unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheets or material impact to its unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss in the period of adoption. Right-of-use assets are included in Prepaid and other assets, and lease liabilities are included in Accrued liabilities in the unaudited consolidated balance sheet for the period ended December 31, 2019. See Note 13 — Leases, for additional information.