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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended November 26, 2022
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from _________________ to _________________
Commission File Number: 001-06403
wgo-20221126_g1.jpg
WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Minnesota42-0802678
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
13200 Pioneer TrailEden PrairieMinnesota55347
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
952-829-8600
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $0.50 par value per shareWGONew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company" and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer     Accelerated Filer ☐    Non-accelerated filer ☐
    Smaller Reporting Company         Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes No

As of December 13, 2022, there were 30,542,044 shares of common stock, par value $0.50 per share, outstanding.



Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q
For the Quarterly Period Ended November 26, 2022

Table of Contents

2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Income
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
(in millions, except per share data)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Net revenues$952.2 $1,155.7 
Cost of goods sold791.8 926.3 
Gross profit160.4 229.4 
Selling, general, and administrative expenses70.7 74.8 
Amortization3.8 8.2 
Total operating expenses74.5 83.0 
Operating income85.9 146.4 
Interest expense, net5.9 10.2 
Non-operating loss 0.3 6.5 
Income before income taxes79.7 129.7 
Provision for income taxes19.5 30.1 
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Earnings per common share:
Basic$1.98 $2.99 
Diluted$1.73 $2.90 
Weighted average common shares outstanding:
Basic30.4 33.3 
Diluted35.5 34.4 

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
3

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in millions, except per share data)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
(Unaudited)
Assets
Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents$271.7 $282.2 
Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts ($0.4 and $0.6, respectively)
203.0 254.1 
Inventories, net553.0 525.8 
Prepaid expenses and other current assets26.1 31.7 
Total current assets1,053.8 1,093.8 
Property, plant, and equipment, net294.8 276.2 
Goodwill484.2 484.2 
Other intangible assets, net468.6 472.4 
Investment in life insurance28.9 28.6 
Operating lease assets40.1 41.1 
Deferred income tax assets, net3.7  
Other long-term assets19.9 20.4 
Total assets$2,394.0 $2,416.7 
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Current liabilities
Accounts payable$133.2 $217.5 
Income taxes payable20.3 0.7 
Accrued expenses:
Accrued compensation57.1 71.6 
Product warranties122.2 127.9 
Self-insurance23.1 21.4 
Promotional22.8 21.5 
Accrued interest and dividends8.2 13.0 
Other current liabilities49.2 48.5 
Total current liabilities436.1 522.1 
Long-term debt, net590.4 545.9 
Deferred income tax liabilities, net 6.1 
Unrecognized tax benefits5.8 5.7 
Long-term operating lease liabilities39.5 40.4 
Deferred compensation benefits, net of current portion8.4 8.1 
Other long-term liabilities25.2 25.4 
Total liabilities1,105.4 1,153.7 
Contingent liabilities and commitments (Note 11)
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred stock, par value $0.01: 10.0 shares authorized; Zero shares issued and outstanding
  
Common stock, par value $0.50: 120.0 shares authorized; 51.8 shares issued
25.9 25.9 
Additional paid-in capital191.2 256.3 
Retained earnings1,626.7 1,537.5 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(0.5)(0.5)
Treasury stock, at cost: 21.3 and 21.5 shares, respectively
(554.7)(556.2)
Total shareholders' equity1,288.6 1,263.0 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity$2,394.0 $2,416.7 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
4

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Operating activities
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
Depreciation6.6 5.3 
Amortization3.8 8.2 
Non-cash interest expense, net 3.6 
Amortization of debt issuance costs0.8 0.6 
Last in, first-out expense1.1 0.4 
Stock-based compensation3.0 2.7 
Deferred income taxes1.0 (0.2)
Contingent consideration fair value adjustment0.4 6.4 
Other, net(0.2)2.3 
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of assets and liabilities acquired
Receivables, net51.2 (7.2)
Inventories, net(28.3)(70.3)
Prepaid expenses and other assets6.9 4.8 
Accounts payable(81.5)(17.7)
Income taxes and unrecognized tax benefits19.1 24.7 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(14.2)(6.7)
Net cash provided by operating activities29.9 56.5 
Investing activities
Purchases of property, plant, and equipment(27.8)(23.2)
Acquisition of business, net of cash acquired (228.2)
Other, net0.7  
Net cash used in investing activities(27.1)(251.4)
Financing activities
Borrowings on long-term debt1,475.0 932.6 
Repayments on long-term debt(1,475.0)(932.6)
Payments of cash dividends(8.5)(6.0)
Payments for repurchases of common stock(4.5)(23.7)
Other, net(0.3)1.4 
Net cash used in financing activities(13.3)(28.3)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(10.5)(223.2)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period282.2 434.6 
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$271.7 $211.4 
5

Supplemental Disclosures
Income taxes (received) paid, net$(1.3)$8.7 
Interest paid2.3 4.8 
Non-cash investing and financing activities
Issuance of common stock for acquisition of business$ $22.0 
Capital expenditures in accounts payable4.1 1.1 
Increase in lease assets in exchange for lease liabilities:
Operating leases0.2 0.3 
Finance leases 1.1 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6


Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
(Unaudited)
Three Months Ended November 26, 2022
(in millions)Common Shares Additional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury Stock Total Shareholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at August 27, 2022
51.8 $25.9 $256.3 $1,537.5 $(0.5)(21.5)$(556.2)$1,263.0 
Adoption of Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2020-06— — (62.0)29.0 — — — (33.0)
Stock-based compensation— — 3.0 — — — — 3.0 
Issuance of stock for employee benefit and stock-based awards, net— — (6.1)— — 0.3 6.0 (0.1)
Repurchase of common stock— — — — — (0.1)(4.5)(4.5)
Net income— — — 60.2 — — — 60.2 
Balances at November 26, 2022
51.8 $25.9 $191.2 $1,626.7 $(0.5)(21.3)$(554.7)$1,288.6 
Three Months Ended November 27, 2021
(in millions)Common SharesAdditional Paid-In CapitalRetained EarningsAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Treasury StockTotal Shareholders' Equity
NumberAmountNumberAmount
Balances at August 28, 2021
51.8 $25.9 $218.5 $1,173.0 $(0.5)(18.7)$(360.0)$1,056.9 
Stock-based compensation— — 2.7 — — — — 2.7 
Issuance of stock for employee benefit and stock-based awards, net— — (2.1)— — 0.1 3.8 1.7 
Issuance of stock for acquisition— — 14.7 — — 0.4 7.3 22.0 
Repurchase of common stock— — — — — (0.3)(23.7)(23.7)
Other— — — 0.1 — — — 0.1 
Net income— — — 99.6 — — — 99.6 
Balances at November 27, 2021
51.8 $25.9 $233.8 $1,272.7 $(0.5)(18.5)$(372.6)$1,159.3 
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7

Winnebago Industries, Inc.
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
(All amounts are in millions, except share and per share data, unless otherwise designated)

Note 1.    Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany account balances and transactions have been eliminated.

The use of the terms "Winnebago Industries," "Winnebago," "we," "our," and "us" in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, unless the context otherwise requires, refers to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.

The interim unaudited consolidated financial statements included herein are prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the United States (“U.S.”) Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The information furnished in these consolidated financial statements includes normal recurring adjustments, unless noted otherwise in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and reflects all adjustments that are, in management’s opinion, necessary for a fair presentation of such financial statements. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (“GAAP”). GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted pursuant to SEC rules and regulations.

The consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 filed with the SEC. Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full fiscal year ending August 26, 2023.

Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income refers to the change in stockholders’ equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources. As of November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021, the difference between comprehensive income and net income was not material.

Subsequent Events
In preparing the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements, we have evaluated subsequent events for potential recognition and disclosure through the date of this filing noting no material subsequent events.

CARES Act
The Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security ("CARES") Act was signed into law on March 27, 2020 to help alleviate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the U.S. We took advantage of the employer payroll tax deferral offered by the CARES Act, which allowed us to defer the payment of employer payroll taxes for the period from March 27, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The deferred employer payroll tax liability was $8.1 million as of November 26, 2022. We are required to remit this remaining deferred tax balance on or before December 31, 2022. We also took advantage of a tax credit granted to companies under the CARES Act who continued to pay their employees when operations were fully or partially suspended. As of November 26, 2022, $0.8 million remains outstanding within other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
In August 2020, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity's Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40) which reduces the number of models used to account for convertible instruments, amends diluted earnings per share ("EPS") calculations for convertible instruments, and amends the requirements for a contract (or embedded derivative) that is potentially settled in an entity's own shares to be classified in equity. Certain disclosure requirements were also added to increase transparency and decision-usefulness regarding a convertible instrument's terms and features. Additionally, the if-converted method must be used for including convertible instruments in diluted EPS as opposed to the treasury stock method. We adopted the new guidance in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023 using the modified retrospective approach, resulting in a decrease to additional paid-in capital of $62.0 million, an increase to long-term debt of $43.8 million, a decrease in the deferred income tax liability of $10.8 million, and an increase to beginning retained earnings of $29.0 million. In addition, the adoption of the amended guidance reduced our non-cash interest expense in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023 by $3.6 million (pre-tax). We will prospectively utilize the if-converted method to calculate the impact of our convertible instruments on diluted EPS. Under the if-converted method, the 4.7 million shares underlying our convertible instruments are assumed to have been outstanding at the beginning of the reporting period, and any interest expense related to these instruments is excluded from the calculation of diluted EPS. Refer to Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information on the change from the treasury stock method to the if-converted method.
8


Note 2. Business Combinations

On August 31, 2021, we purchased 100% of the equity interests of Barletta Boat Company, LLC and Three Limes, LLC (collectively, "Barletta"), a manufacturer of high-quality, premium pontoon boats that are sold through a network of independent authorized dealers.

We acquired Barletta for a purchase price of $286.3 million, including cash payments of $240.1 million, $25.0 million in common stock issued to the sellers (subject to a discount noted below), and contingent consideration from earnout provisions. The common stock fair value included in the purchase price reflects a 12% discount, due to the lack of marketability as these are unregistered shares that have a one-year lockup restriction, which reduced the value of the common stock to $22.0 million. The contingent consideration includes both a potential stock payout as well as a potential cash payment based on achievement of certain financial performance metrics over the next few years. The maximum payout under the earnout is $50.0 million in cash and $15.0 million in stock if all metrics are achieved. The fair value of the earnout as of August 31, 2021 was $24.2 million. As of November 26, 2022 and August 27, 2022, the fair value of the earnout was $40.2 million and $39.8 million, respectively. The portion of the earnout liability that will be settled within a year is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the remaining earnout liability is included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of November 26, 2022 and August 27, 2022, $21.7 million and $21.3 million was included in other current liabilities, respectively, and $18.5 million and $18.5 million was included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, respectively.

The total purchase price was allocated to the acquired net tangible and intangible assets of Barletta, based on their preliminary fair values at the date of the acquisition. This resulted in the recognition of goodwill of $136.1 million and other intangible assets of $111.4 million. Goodwill from the Barletta acquisition is recognized in our Marine segment. The other intangible assets acquired include a trade name, dealer network, and backlog. The trade name has an indefinite life, while the dealer network is being amortized on a straight line basis over 12 years. The backlog, which was being amortized over 10 months, was fully amortized as of August 27, 2022. We finalized the allocation of the purchase price in the third quarter of fiscal 2022.

Total transaction costs related to the Barletta acquisition were $3.1 million, of which $2.4 million were expensed during the first quarter of Fiscal 2022. Transaction costs were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income.

Note 3.    Business Segments

We have seven operating segments: 1) Grand Design towables, 2) Winnebago towables, 3) Winnebago motorhomes, 4) Newmar motorhomes, 5) Chris-Craft marine, 6) Barletta marine and 7) Winnebago specialty vehicles. Financial performance is evaluated based on each operating segment's Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization ("EBITDA"), as defined below, which excludes certain corporate administration expenses and non-operating income and expense.

Our three reportable segments are: Towable (an aggregation of the Grand Design towables and the Winnebago towables operating segments); Motorhome (an aggregation of the Winnebago motorhomes and Newmar motorhomes operating segments); and Marine (an aggregation of the Chris-Craft marine and Barletta marine operating segments). Towable is comprised of non-motorized products that are generally towed by another vehicle, along with other related manufactured products and services. Motorhome is comprised of products that include a motorized chassis, along with other related manufactured products and services. Marine is comprised of products that include boats, along with other related manufactured products and services.

The Corporate / All Other category includes the Winnebago specialty vehicles operating segment as well as certain corporate administration expenses related to the oversight of the enterprise, such as corporate leadership and administration costs.

Identifiable assets of the reportable segments exclude general corporate assets, which principally consist of cash and cash equivalents and certain deferred tax balances. The general corporate assets are included in the Corporate / All Other category.

Our Chief Executive Officer (the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM")) regularly reviews consolidated financial results in their entirety and operating segment financial information through Adjusted EBITDA and has ultimate responsibility for enterprise decisions. Our CODM is responsible for allocating resources and assessing performance of the consolidated enterprise, reportable segments and between operating segments. Management of each operating segment has responsibility for operating decisions, allocating resources and assessing performance within their respective operating segment. The accounting policies of all reportable segments are the same as those described in Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022.

9

We monitor and evaluate operating performance of our reportable segments based on Adjusted EBITDA. We believe disclosing Adjusted EBITDA is useful to securities analysts, investors and other interested parties when evaluating companies in our industries. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other pretax adjustments made in order to present comparable results period over period. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, litigation reserves, and contingent consideration fair value adjustment.

Financial information by reportable segment is as follows:
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Net Revenues
Towable$347.3 $651.0 
Motorhome464.2 421.5 
Marine131.4 79.3 
Corporate / All Other9.3 3.9 
Consolidated$952.2 $1,155.7 
Adjusted EBITDA
Towable$36.3 $112.1 
Motorhome50.3 50.2 
Marine18.5 10.6 
Corporate / All Other(8.1)(5.7)
Consolidated$97.0 $167.2 
Capital Expenditures
Towable$14.3 $11.2 
Motorhome5.8 7.8 
Marine7.3 0.6 
Corporate / All Other0.4 3.6 
Consolidated$27.8 $23.2 

(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
Assets
Towable$828.2 $874.9 
Motorhome840.6 823.4 
Marine425.8 416.1 
Corporate / All Other299.4 302.3 
Consolidated$2,394.0 $2,416.7 


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Reconciliation of net income to consolidated Adjusted EBITDA is as follows:
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26, 2022November 27, 2021
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Interest expense, net5.9 10.2 
Provision for income taxes19.5 30.1 
Depreciation6.6 5.3 
Amortization3.8 8.2 
EBITDA96.0 153.4 
Acquisition-related costs0.6 3.4 
Litigation reserves 4.0 
Contingent consideration fair value adjustment0.4 6.4 
Adjusted EBITDA$97.0 $167.2 

Note 4.    Investments and Fair Value Measurements
In determining the fair value of financial assets and liabilities, we utilize market data or other assumptions that we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability in the principal or most advantageous market and adjust for non-performance and/or other risks associated with us as well as counterparties, as appropriate. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified using the following hierarchy, which is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation as of the measurement date:

Level 1 — Unadjusted quoted prices which are available in active markets for identical assets or liabilities accessible at the measurement date.

Level 2Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

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Assets and Liabilities that are Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are as follows:
Fair Value atFair Value Hierarchy
(in millions)November 26,
2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets that fund deferred compensation
Domestic equity funds$1.7 $1.7 $ $ 
International equity funds0.1 0.1   
Fixed income funds0.2 0.2   
Total assets at fair value$2.0 $2.0 $ $ 
Contingent consideration
   Earnout liability $40.2 $ $ $40.2 
Total liabilities at fair value$40.2 $ $ $40.2 
    
Fair Value atFair Value Hierarchy
(in millions)August 27,
2022
Level 1Level 2Level 3
Assets that fund deferred compensation
Domestic equity funds$1.2 $1.2 $ $ 
International equity funds0.1 0.1   
Fixed income funds0.1 0.1   
Total assets at fair value$1.4 $1.4 $ $ 
Contingent consideration
   Earnout liability$39.8 $ $ $39.8 
Total liabilities at fair value$39.8 $ $ $39.8 

Assets that Fund Deferred Compensation
Our assets that fund deferred compensation are marketable equity securities measured at fair value using quoted market prices and primarily consist of equity-based mutual funds. These securities, used to fund the Executive Share Option Plan and the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, are classified as Level 1 as they are traded in an active market for which closing stock prices are readily available. Refer to Note 11 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding these plans.

The proportion of the assets that will fund options which expire within a year are included in prepaid expenses and other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining assets are classified as non-current and are included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contingent Consideration
Contingent consideration represents the earnout liability related to the Barletta acquisition and is valued using a probability-weighted scenario analysis of projected gross profit results and discounted at a risk-free rate. The contingent consideration is classified as Level 3. Actual gross profit results may differ significantly from those used in the estimate above, which may affect future payments. Changes in future payments will be reflected in future operating results as they occur.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the contingent consideration:

Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Beginning fair value - contingent consideration$39.8 $ 
Additions 24.2 
Fair value adjustments0.4 6.4 
Ending fair value - contingent consideration$40.2 $30.6 

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The fair value of the earnout liability that will be settled within a year is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The remaining earnout liability is included in other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Certain financial instruments are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. These assets primarily include goodwill, intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, and right-of-use lease assets. These assets were originally recognized at amounts equal to the fair value determined at date of acquisition or purchase. If certain triggering events occur, or if an annual impairment test is required, we will evaluate the non-financial asset for impairment. If an impairment has occurred, the asset will be written down to its current estimated fair value. No impairments were recorded for non-financial assets in the three months ended November 26, 2022 or November 27, 2021.

Assets and Liabilities Not Measured at Fair Value
Certain financial instruments are not measured at fair value but are recorded at carrying amounts approximating fair value based on their short-term nature. These financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, receivables, accounts payable, other payables, and long-term debt. If these instruments were measured at fair value in the financial statements, they would be classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of our long-term debt was determined using current quoted prices in active markets for our publicly traded debt obligations, which is classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy. See Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the fair value of our long-term debt.

Note 5.    Inventories

Inventories consist of the following:
(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
Finished goods$78.5 $59.3 
Work-in-process206.0 198.9 
Raw materials317.0 315.0 
Total601.5 573.2 
Less: Excess of FIFO over LIFO cost48.5 47.4 
Inventories, net$553.0 $525.8 

Inventory valuation methods consist of the following:
(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
LIFO basis$247.1 $212.3 
First-in, first-out basis354.4 360.9 
Total$601.5 $573.2 

The above inventory value, before reduction for the LIFO reserve, approximates replacement cost at the respective dates.

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Note 6.    Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation, and consists of the following:
(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
Land$14.6 $14.6 
Buildings and building improvements197.8 171.0 
Machinery and equipment145.1 142.6 
Software43.8 43.8 
Transportation6.5 6.5 
Construction in progress72.3 76.8 
Property, plant, and equipment, gross480.1 455.3 
Less: Accumulated depreciation185.3 179.1 
Property, plant, and equipment, net$294.8 $276.2 

Depreciation expense was $6.6 million and $5.3 million for the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021, respectively.

Note 7.    Goodwill and Intangible Assets

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reportable segment, with no accumulated impairment losses, for the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021 are as follows:
(in millions)TowableMotorhomeMarineTotal
Balances at August 28, 2021
$244.7 $73.1 $30.3 $348.1 
Acquisition of Barletta(1)
  136.1 136.1 
Balances at November 27, 2021
$244.7 $73.1 $166.4 $484.2 
Balances at August 27, 2022 and November 26, 2022(2)
$244.7 $73.1 $166.4 $484.2 
(1) The change in marine activity is related to the acquisition of Barletta that occurred on August 31, 2021. See Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.
(2) There was no activity in the three months ended November 26, 2022.

Other intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization, consist of the following:
November 26, 2022
(in millions)Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
Trade names$352.3 $352.3 
Dealer networks180.0 $64.2 115.8 
Backlog42.3 42.3  
Non-compete agreements6.6 6.1 0.5 
Other intangible assets$581.2 $112.6 $468.6 
August 27, 2022
(in millions)Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying Value
Trade names$352.3 $352.3 
Dealer networks180.0 $60.5 119.5 
Backlog42.3 42.3  
Non-compete agreements6.6 6.0 0.6 
Other intangible assets$581.2 $108.8 $472.4 

The weighted average remaining amortization period for intangible assets as of November 26, 2022 was approximately eight years.
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Estimated future amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets is as follows:
(in millions)Amortization
Remainder of Fiscal 2023
$11.4 
Fiscal 202415.1 
Fiscal 202514.9 
Fiscal 202614.9 
Fiscal 202714.9 
Fiscal 202814.9 
Thereafter30.2 
Total amortization expense remaining$116.3 

Note 8.    Product Warranties

We provide certain service and warranty on our products. From time to time, we also voluntarily incur costs for certain warranty-type expenses occurring after the normal warranty period expires to help protect the reputation of our products and maintain the goodwill of our customers. Estimated costs related to product warranty are accrued at the time of sale and are based upon historical warranty and service claims experience. Adjustments are made to accruals as claim data and cost experience becomes available.

In addition to the costs associated with the contractual warranty coverage provided on products, we also occasionally incur costs as a result of additional service actions not covered by warranties, including product recalls and customer satisfaction actions. Although we estimate and reserve for the cost of these service actions when probable and estimable, there can be no assurance that expense levels will remain at current levels or such reserves will continue to be adequate.

Changes in the product warranty liability are as follows:
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Balance at beginning of period$127.9 $91.2 
Business acquisition(1)
 4.7 
Provision18.1 26.1 
Claims paid(23.8)(19.6)
Balance at end of period$122.2 $102.4 
(1)    Relates to the acquisition of Barletta on August 31, 2021. See Note 2 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

Note 9.    Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:
(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
ABL Credit Facility$ $ 
Senior Secured Notes300.0 300.0 
Convertible Notes300.0 300.0 
Long-term debt, gross600.0 600.0 
Convertible Notes unamortized interest discount(1)
 (45.3)
Debt issuance costs, net(9.6)(8.8)
Long-term debt, net$590.4 $545.9 
(1)    In connection with the adoption of ASU 2020-06, the unamortized interest discount was derecognized in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023. Refer to Note 1 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for additional information.

15

Credit Agreements
On July 15, 2022, we amended and restated our existing asset-backed revolving credit agreement ("ABL Credit Facility") to, among other things, increase the commitments available from $192.5 million to $350.0 million, and extend the maturity date from October 22, 2024 to July 15, 2027 (subject to certain factors which may accelerate the maturity date). The $350.0 million credit facility is on a revolving basis, subject to availability under a borrowing base consisting of eligible accounts receivable and eligible inventory. The ABL is available for issuance of letters of credit to a specified limit of $35.0 million. We pay a commitment fee of 0.25% based on the average daily amount of the facility available, but unused during the most recent quarter. We can elect to base the interest rate on various rates plus specific spreads depending on the borrowing amount outstanding. If drawn, interest on ABL borrowings is at a floating rate based upon our election, either term SOFR or REVSOFR30 (as defined in the credit agreement), plus, in each case, a credit spread adjustment of 0.10%, as well as an applicable spread between 1.25% and 1.75%, depending on the usage of the facility during the most recent quarter. Based on current usage, we would pay an applicable spread of 1.25%. In connection with the amendment, we capitalized $1.2 million of issuance costs that will be amortized over the five-year term of the agreement.

On July 8, 2020, we closed our private offering (the “Senior Secured Notes Offering”) of $300.0 million aggregate principal amount of 6.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Secured Notes”). The Senior Secured Notes were issued in accordance with an Indenture dated as of July 8, 2020 (the “Indenture”). The Senior Secured Notes will mature on July 15, 2028 unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. Interest on the Senior Secured Notes accrues starting July 8, 2020 and is payable semi-annually in arrears on January 15 and July 15 of each year, which began on January 15, 2021.

Debt issuance costs incurred and capitalized are amortized on a straight-line basis over the term of the associated debt agreement. If early principal payments are made on the Senior Secured Notes, a proportional amount of the unamortized debt issuance costs is expensed. As part of the Senior Secured Notes Offering, we capitalized $7.5 million in debt issuance costs that will be amortized over the eight-year term of the agreement.

Refer to Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding these credit agreements.

Convertible Notes
On November 1, 2019, we issued $300.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.5% unsecured convertible senior notes due 2025 (“Convertible Notes”). The net proceeds from the issuance of the Convertible Notes, after deducting the initial purchasers' transaction fees and offering expense payable by us, were approximately $290.2 million. The Convertible Notes bear interest at the annual rate of 1.5%, payable on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on April 1, 2020, and will mature on April 1, 2025, unless earlier converted or repurchased by us.

The Convertible Notes will be convertible into cash, shares of our common stock or a combination thereof, at our election, at an initial conversion rate of 15.6906 shares of common stock per $1 thousand principal amount of Convertible Notes, which is equivalent to an initial conversion price of approximately $63.73 per share, as adjusted pursuant to the terms of the indenture governing the Convertible Notes. The Convertible Notes may be converted at any time on or after October 1, 2024, until the close of business on the second scheduled trading day immediately preceding the maturity date.

Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding October 1, 2024, the Convertible Notes will be convertible only under the following circumstances:

1.during any calendar quarter commencing after December 31, 2019 if the closing sale price of the common stock is more than 130% of the applicable conversion price on each applicable trading day for at least 20 trading days (whether or not consecutive) during a period of 30 consecutive trading days ending on, and including, the last trading day of the immediately preceding calendar quarter;
2.during the five consecutive business day period after any five consecutive trading day period (the "measurement period") in which the trading price per $1 thousand principal amount of Convertible Notes for each trading day of the measurement period was less than 98% of the product of the last reported sale price of the common stock and the conversion rate for the Convertible Notes on each such trading day; or
3.upon the occurrence of certain specified corporate events set forth in the indenture for the Convertible Notes.

We may not redeem the Convertible Notes at our option prior to the maturity date, and no sinking fund is provided for the Convertible Notes.

The conversion rate of the Convertible Notes may be adjusted in certain circumstances, including in connection with a conversion of the Convertible Notes made following certain fundamental changes and under other circumstances set forth in the indenture. It is our current intent to settle all conversions of the Convertible Notes in cash. Our ability to cash settle may be limited depending on the stock price at the time of conversion.
16


On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, in connection with the offering of the Convertible Notes, we entered into privately negotiated convertible note hedge transactions (collectively, the “Hedge Transactions”) that cover, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments, the number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the Convertible Notes.

On October 29, 2019 and October 30, 2019, we also entered into privately negotiated warrant transactions (collectively, the “Warrant Transactions” and, together with the Hedge Transactions, the “Call Spread Transactions”), whereby we sold warrants at a higher strike price relating to the same number of shares of our common stock that initially underlie the Convertible Notes, subject to customary anti-dilution adjustments.
  
The Hedge Transactions and the Warrant Transactions are separate transactions, in each case, and are not part of the terms of the Convertible Notes and will not affect any holder’s rights under the Convertible Notes. Holders of the Convertible Notes will not have any rights with respect to the Call Spread Transactions.

Refer to Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 8 of Part II of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 for additional information regarding the Convertible Notes and the Call Spread Transactions.

Accounting Treatment of the Convertible Notes and Related Hedge Transactions and Warrant Transactions
In the first quarter of Fiscal 2023, we adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. The new guidance simplifies the accounting for convertible instruments by removing certain separation models. As a result, more convertible debt instruments will be accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost.

Prior to our adoption of ASU 2020-06, we bifurcated the proceeds from the offering of the Convertible Notes between liability and equity components. On the date of issuance, the liability and equity components were calculated to be approximately $215.0 million and $85.0 million, respectively. The initial $215.0 million liability component was determined based on the fair value of similar debt instruments excluding the conversion feature assuming a hypothetical interest rate of 8%. The initial $85.0 million ($64.1 million net of tax) equity component represented the difference between the fair value of the initial $215.0 million in debt and the $300.0 million of gross proceeds. The initial debt discount of $85.0 million was being amortized over the life of the Convertible Notes as non-cash interest expense using the effective interest method. We recognized $3.6 million of non-cash interest expense during the three months ended November 27, 2021. In addition, offering-related costs of $9.8 million were allocated to the liability and equity components in proportion to the allocation of proceeds.

In connection with our adoption of ASU 2020-06, we derecognized the remaining unamortized interest discount on the Convertible Notes and therefore recorded no non-cash interest expense related to the amortization of the debt discount during the three months ended November 26, 2022. As a result, the Convertible Notes are now accounted for as a single liability measured at amortized cost. Interest expense, representing the amortization of the debt issuance costs as well as the contractual interest expense is amortized using an effective interest rate of 2.1% over the term of the Convertible Notes. We recorded $1.6 million of interest expense during the three months ended November 26, 2022.

Refer to Note 15 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for more information related to the earnings per share impact associated with the Convertible Notes and our adoption of ASU-2020-06.

The net cost incurred in connection with the Call Spread Transactions was $11.2 million. These transactions are classified as equity and are not remeasured each reporting period.
17


Fair Value and Future Maturities
As of November 26, 2022 and August 27, 2022, the fair value of long-term debt, gross, was $615.5 million and $634.2 million, respectively. The fair value of the Convertible Notes was $334.7 million as of November 26, 2022.

Aggregate contractual maturities of debt in future fiscal years are as follows:
(in millions)Amount
Remainder of Fiscal 2023
$ 
Fiscal 2024 
Fiscal 2025300.0 
Fiscal 2026 
Fiscal 2027 
Fiscal 2028300.0 
Total Senior Secured Notes and Convertible Notes$600.0 

Note 10.    Employee and Retiree Benefits

Deferred compensation liabilities are as follows:
(in millions)November 26,
2022
August 27,
2022
Non-qualified deferred compensation$7.5 $7.9 
Supplemental executive retirement plan1.4 1.4 
Executive deferred compensation plan1.9 1.4 
Total deferred compensation benefits10.8 10.7 
Less current portion(1)
2.4 2.6 
Deferred compensation benefits, net of current portion$8.4 $8.1 
(1) Included in accrued compensation on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 11.     Contingent Liabilities and Commitments
Repurchase Commitments
Generally, manufacturers in the same industries as us enter into repurchase agreements with lending institutions which have provided wholesale floorplan financing to dealers. Most dealers are financed on a "floorplan" basis under which a bank or finance company lends the dealer all, or substantially all, of the purchase price, collateralized by a security interest in the units purchased.

Our repurchase agreements generally provide that, in the event of default by the dealer on the agreement to pay the lending institution, we will repurchase the financed merchandise. The terms of these agreements, which generally can last up to 24 months, provide that our liability will be the lesser of remaining principal owed by the dealer to the lending institution, or dealer invoice less periodic reductions based on the time since the date of the original invoice. Our liability cannot exceed 100% of the dealer invoice. In certain instances, we also repurchase inventory from dealers due to state law or regulatory requirements that govern voluntary or involuntary relationship terminations. Although laws vary from state to state, some states have laws in place that require manufacturers of recreational vehicles or boats to repurchase current inventory if a dealership exits the business. The total contingent liability on all of our repurchase agreements was approximately $1,902.0 million and $1,783.7 million at November 26, 2022 and August 27, 2022, respectively.

Our loss reserve for repurchase commitments contains uncertainties because the calculation requires management to make assumptions and apply judgment regarding a number of factors. Our risk of loss related to these repurchase commitments is significantly reduced by the potential resale value of any products that are subject to repurchase and is spread over numerous dealers and lenders. The aggregate contingent liability related to our repurchase agreements represents all financed dealer inventory at the period-end reporting date subject to a repurchase agreement, net of the greater of periodic reductions per the agreement or dealer principal payments. Based on these repurchase agreements and our historical loss experience, an associated loss reserve is established which is included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our repurchase accrual was $1.3 million and $1.4 million at November 26, 2022 and August 27, 2022, respectively. Repurchase risk is affected by the credit worthiness of our dealer network. We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to establish the loss reserve for repurchase commitments.

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There was no material activity related to repurchase agreements during the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021.

Litigation
We are involved in various legal proceedings which are considered ordinary and routine litigation incidental to the business, some of which are covered in whole or in part by insurance. While we believe the ultimate disposition of litigation will not have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations or liquidity, the possibility exists that such litigation may have an impact on our results for a particular reporting period in which litigation effects become probable and reasonably estimable. Though we do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood that there will be a material change related to these matters, litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties and our view of these matters may change in the future. 

Note 12. Revenue

All operating revenue is generated from contracts with customers. Our primary revenue source is generated through the sale of manufactured non-motorized towable units, motorhome units and marine units to our independent dealer network (our customers). The following table disaggregates revenue by reportable segment and product category:
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Net Revenues
Towable
Fifth Wheel$187.7 $325.8 
Travel Trailer148.3 315.4 
Other(1)
11.3 9.8 
Total Towable347.3 651.0 
Motorhome
Class A231.1 195.3 
Class B146.9 145.0 
Class C and Other (1)
86.2 81.2 
Total Motorhome464.2 421.5 
Marine131.4 79.3 
Corporate / All Other(2)
9.3 3.9 
Consolidated Net Revenues$952.2 $1,155.7 
(1)    Relates to parts, accessories, and services.
(2)    Relates to specialty vehicle units, parts, accessories, and services.

We do not have material contract assets or liabilities. Allowances for uncollectible receivables are established based on historical collection trends, write-off history, consideration of current conditions and expectations for future economic conditions.

Concentration of Risk
No single dealer organization accounted for more than 10% of net revenue for the three months ended November 26, 2022 or November 27, 2021.

Note 13. Stock-Based Compensation

On December 11, 2018, our shareholders approved the Winnebago Industries, Inc. 2019 Omnibus Incentive Plan ("2019 Plan") as detailed in our Proxy Statement for the 2018 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The 2019 Plan allows us to grant or issue non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, restricted share units, and other equity compensation to key employees and to non-employee directors. The 2019 Plan replaces the 2014 Omnibus Equity, Performance Award, and Incentive Compensation Plan (as amended, the "2014 Plan"). The number of shares of our common stock that may be awarded and issued under the 2019 Plan is 4.1 million shares, plus the shares subject to any awards outstanding under the 2014 Plan and our predecessor plan, the 2004 Incentive Compensation Plan (the “2004 Plan”), on December 11, 2018 that subsequently expire, are forfeited or canceled, or are settled for cash. Until such time, awards under the 2014 Plan and the 2004 Plan, respectively, that were outstanding on December 11, 2018 will continue to be subject to the terms of the 2014 Plan or 2004 Plan, as applicable. Shares remaining available for future awards under the 2014 Plan were not carried over into the 2019 Plan.

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Stock-based compensation expense was $3.0 million and $2.7 million for the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021, respectively. Compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service or performance period of the award, unless accelerated by certain retirement eligibility provisions.

Note 14. Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate was 24.5% and 23.2% for the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021, respectively. The increase in tax rate for the three months ended November 26, 2022 compared to the three months ended November 27, 2021 was driven primarily by the impact of a net favorable impact related to stock compensation in the prior year.

On August 16, 2022, the Inflation Reduction Act (“IRA”) was signed into law in the United States. Among other provisions, the IRA includes a 15% corporate minimum tax rate applied to certain large corporations and a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases made after December 31, 2022. We do not expect the IRA to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

We file a U.S. Federal tax return, as well as returns in various international and state jurisdictions. As of November 26, 2022, our Federal returns from Fiscal 2019 to present are subject to review by the Internal Revenue Service. With limited exceptions, state returns from Fiscal 2018 to present continue to be subject to review by state taxing jurisdictions. We are currently under review by certain U.S. state tax authorities for Fiscal 2019 and Fiscal 2020. We believe we have adequately reserved for our exposure to potential additional payments for uncertain tax positions in our liability for unrecognized tax benefits.

Note 15. Earnings Per Share
In the first quarter of Fiscal 2023, we adopted ASU 2020-06 using the modified retrospective approach. Prior to adoption, we utilized the treasury stock method for calculating the dilutive impact of our Convertible Notes. Upon adoption, we prospectively utilized the if-converted method to calculate the dilutive impact of our Convertible Notes. Under the if-converted method, the Convertible Notes are assumed to be converted into common stock at the beginning of the reporting period, and interest charges are added back to the numerator as the principal amount of the Convertible Notes is not required to be paid in cash.

Basic and diluted earnings per share are calculated as follows:
Three Months Ended
(in millions, except per share data)November 26,
2022
November 27,
2021
Earnings per share - basic
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Weighted average common shares outstanding30.4 33.3 
Basic earnings per common share$1.98 $2.99 
Earnings per share - diluted
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Interest expense on convertible notes, net of tax1.2  
Diluted net income$61.4 $99.6 
Weighted average common shares outstanding30.4 33.3 
Dilutive impact of stock compensation awards0.4 0.6 
Dilutive impact of convertible notes 4.7 0.5 
Weighted average common shares outstanding, assuming dilution35.5 34.4 
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from weighted average common shares outstanding, assuming dilution0.1 0.1 
Diluted earnings per common share$1.73 $2.90 

For both periods presented, the dilutive effect of stock compensation awards was determined using the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, shares associated with certain anti-dilutive securities have been excluded from the diluted weighted average shares outstanding calculation because the exercise of those options would lead to a net reduction in common shares outstanding or anti-dilution.

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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The terms "Winnebago," "we," "us," and "our," unless the context otherwise requires, refer to Winnebago Industries, Inc. and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) is intended to provide a reader of our financial statements with a narrative from the perspective of management on our financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect our future results. Unless otherwise noted, transactions and other factors significantly impacting our financial condition, results of operations and liquidity are discussed in order of magnitude.

Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022 (including the information presented therein under Risk Factors), as well as our reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K and other publicly available information. All amounts herein are unaudited. All amounts in tables are in millions, except share and per share data, unless otherwise noted.

Overview
Winnebago Industries, Inc. is one of the leading North American manufacturers of recreation vehicles ("RV"s) and marine products with a diversified portfolio used primarily in leisure travel and outdoor recreational activities. We produce our motorhome units in Iowa and Indiana; our towable units in Indiana; and our marine units in Indiana and Florida. We distribute our RV and marine products primarily through independent dealers throughout the U.S. and Canada, who then retail the products to the end consumer. We also distribute our marine products internationally through independent dealers, who then retail the products to the end consumer.

Macroeconomic Events
In February 2022, the United States announced targeted economic sanctions on Russia in response to the military conflict in Ukraine. As described in Part I, Item 1A — Risk Factors, in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended August 27, 2022, our business may be sensitive to economic conditions such as the adverse impact of global tensions, which could impact input costs, consumer spending, and fuel prices. As our operations are primarily in North America, we have no direct exposure to Russia and Ukraine. However, we are actively monitoring the broader economic impact of the crisis, especially the potential impact of rising commodity and fuel prices, and the potential decreased demand for our products.

Supply chain disruptions continue to impact the global economy, resulting in increased volatility and inflationary cost pressures. For example, our production has experienced certain supply shortages, particularly within our Motorhome and Marine segments, as well as material and component cost inflation. If these disruptions continue, or if there are additional disruptions in our supply chain, it could materially or adversely impact our operating results and financial condition. Despite certain supply shortages and inflationary cost input pressures, we continue to operate and adapt to these temporary supply chain disruptions.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
This MD&A includes financial information prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP"), as well as certain adjusted or non-GAAP financial measures such as EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, and depreciation and amortization expense. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as net income before interest expense, provision for income taxes, depreciation and amortization expense, and other pretax adjustments made in order to present comparable results from period to period.

These non-GAAP financial measures, which are not calculated or presented in accordance with GAAP, have been provided as information supplemental and in addition to the financial measures presented in accordance with GAAP. Such non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered superior to, as a substitute for, or as an alternative to, and should be considered in conjunction with, the GAAP financial measures presented herein. The non-GAAP financial measures presented may differ from similar measures used by other companies.

Included in "Results of Operations" below for the three months ended November 26, 2022 compared to the comparable prior year period is a reconciliation of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA from net income, the nearest GAAP measure. We have included these non-GAAP performance measures as a comparable measure to illustrate the effect of non-recurring transactions that occurred during the reported periods and to improve comparability of our results from period to period. We believe Adjusted EBITDA provides meaningful supplemental information about our operating performance as this measure excludes amounts from net income that we do not consider part of our core operating results when assessing our performance. Examples of items excluded from Adjusted EBITDA include acquisition-related costs, litigation reserves, and contingent consideration fair value adjustment.

Management uses these non-GAAP financial measures (a) to evaluate our historical and prospective financial performance and trends as well as our performance relative to competitors and peers; (b) to measure operational profitability on a consistent basis; (c) in presentations to the members of our Board of Directors to enable our Board of Directors to have the same measurement
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basis of operating performance as used by management in their assessment of performance and in forecasting; (d) to evaluate potential acquisitions; and (e) to ensure compliance with covenants and restricted activities under the terms of our ABL Credit Facility and outstanding notes, as further described in Note 9 in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We believe these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by securities analysts, investors and other interested parties to evaluate companies in the industry.

Industry Trends and Uncertainties
The RV and marine industries continue to experience shipping delays associated with a constrained supply chain. While we continue to operate and adapt to these supply chain disruptions, they impacted our ability to meet existing demand in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023.

In the first quarter of Fiscal 2023, Mercedes-Benz AG issued a global recall related to an electronic parking brake defect affecting 2019 through 2022 Sprinter chassis. As a result, retail sales and wholesale shipments of our products built on this chassis are suspended until a remedy is implemented in cooperation with Mercedes-Benz AG. This recall impacted our Motorhome segment net sales, profitability, and working capital in the first quarter of Fiscal 2023.

We believe field inventory for our Towable segment has normalized to adequately serve end consumer demand, while field inventory for our Motorhome segment is returning to normalized levels. Field inventory for our Marine segment continues to remain lower than desired by our dealer network, but is beginning to show signs of normalizing. We continue to produce and ship in accordance with dealer demand as evidenced and requested by dealer orders.

RV industry retail sales have been softening compared to record high prior year levels; however, we still believe in the long-term health of consumer demand for RV and marine products. More people are pursuing outdoor activities, household penetration of RVs is increasing, and campers are more diverse than ever. According to statistics published by Kampgrounds of America, Inc., over 14 million households camped for the first time in 2020 and 2021, and combined with record levels of first-time buyers of RVs over the past two years, we believe a positive outlook exists for new product and upgrade-related sales. Despite these developments, current macroeconomic trends such as inflation, rising interest rates and low consumer sentiment, as well as global political tensions, contribute to reduced short-term consumer demand for large discretionary products such as RVs and Marine products, which could in turn impact our future revenue and profits.

Results of Operations - Three Months Ended November 26, 2022 Compared to the Three Months Ended November 27, 2021

Consolidated Performance Summary
The following is an analysis of changes in key items included in the Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months ended November 26, 2022 compared to the three months ended November 27, 2021:
Three Months Ended
($ in millions, except per share data)November 26, 2022
% of Revenues(1)
November 27, 2021
% of Revenues(1)
$ Change% Change
Net revenues$952.2 100.0 %$1,155.7 100.0 %$(203.5)(17.6)%
Cost of goods sold791.8 83.2 %926.3 80.2 %(134.5)(14.5)%
Gross profit160.4 16.8 %229.4 19.8 %(69.0)(30.1)%
Selling, general, and administrative expenses70.7 7.4 %74.8 6.5 %(4.1)(5.5)%
Amortization3.8 0.4 %8.2 0.7 %(4.4)(53.7)%
Total operating expenses74.5 7.8 %83.0 7.2 %(8.5)(10.2)%
Operating income85.9 9.0 %146.4 12.7 %(60.5)(41.3)%
Interest expense, net5.9 0.6 %10.2 0.9 %(4.3)(42.2)%
Non-operating loss 0.3 — %6.5 0.6 %6.2 (95.4)%
Income before income taxes79.7 8.4 %129.7 11.2 %(50.0)(38.6)%
Provision for income taxes19.5 2.0 %30.1 2.6 %(10.6)(35.2)%
Net income$60.2 6.3 %$99.6 8.6 %$(39.4)(39.6)%
Diluted earnings per share$1.73 $2.90 $(1.17)(40.3)%
Diluted average shares outstanding35.5 34.4 1.1 3.2 %
(1)    Percentages may not add due to rounding differences.
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Net revenues decreased primarily due to lower unit sales particularly in the Towables segment, compared to record high year-ago levels, partially offset by Marine segment unit growth and price increases in all segments related to higher material and component costs.

Gross profit as a percentage of revenue decreased compared to record high year-ago levels, primarily due to timing of inflationary pressures relative to pricing, deleverage, and productivity loss from supply disruptions including the chassis recall by Mercedes-Benz AG as described above in this Item 2 under "Industry Trends and Uncertainties."

Operating expenses decreased primarily due to lower amortization related to Barletta intangible assets, and legal settlement and transaction costs incurred in the prior year, partially offset by strategic investments.

Non-operating loss decreased due to a lower contingent consideration fair value adjustment related to the earnout from the acquisition of Barletta.

Our effective tax rate increased primarily due to a net favorable impact related to stock compensation in the prior year.

Non-GAAP Reconciliation
The following table reconciles net income to consolidated EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended November 26, 2022 and November 27, 2021:
Three Months Ended
(in millions)November 26, 2022November 27, 2021
Net income$60.2 $99.6 
Interest expense, net5.9 10.2 
Provision for income taxes19.5 30.1 
Depreciation6.6