Exhibit 23.1

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

(1) Registration Statement (Form S-3 Nos. 333-29185 and 333-223149) of The Williams Companies, Inc.,

(2) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-03957) pertaining to The Williams Companies, Inc. 1996 Stock
Plan for Non-Employee Directors,

(3) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-85542) pertaining to The Williams Investment Plus Plan,

(4) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-85546) pertaining to The Williams Companies, Inc. 2002 Incentive
Plan,

(5) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-142985) pertaining to The Williams Companies, Inc. 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and The Williams Companies, Inc. 2007 Incentive Plan,

(6) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-167123) pertaining to The Williams Companies, Inc. 2007 Incentive Plan, and

(7) Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-198050) pertaining to The Williams Companies, Inc. 2007 Incentive
Plan and The Williams Companies, Inc. 2007 Employee Stock Purchase Plan;

of our report dated February 24, 2020, except as it relates to the change in segments described in Note 1, Note 7 and Note 20 as to which the date is May 4, 2020, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of The Williams Companies, Inc. included in this Current Report on Form 8-K.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Tulsa, Oklahoma
May 4, 2020