Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Aug. 31, 2019

Notes to Financial Statements

NOTE 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

NOTE 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

On July 5, 2019, the Board of Directors voted to dissolve Kinetic Energy Corporation (“KEC”) and New Energy Solar (“NES”). KEC was incorporated on June 19, 2008 and held the patents related to the Company’s MotionPower™ technology, which patents have been assigned to the Company. NES was incorporated on February 9, 2009, during the very early stages of SolarWindow development at the University of South Florida (“USF”). NES intellectual property jointly developed with USF was abandoned due to obsolescence of the early stage technology and due to the Company terminating a research and licensing agreement on February 18, 2015, which originated on June 21, 2010. Neither KEC nor NES has operating activity for the years ended August 31, 2019 and 2018.

As a result, the financial statements presented are solely those of SolarWindow Technologies, Inc.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s financial statements requires management to make estimates and use assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities and expenses. These estimates and assumptions are affected by management’s application of accounting policies. On an on-going basis, the Company evaluates its estimates. Actual results and outcomes may differ materially from these estimates and assumptions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers cash deposits to be cash and all highly liquid investment instruments with original maturities of 90 days or less when purchased, to be cash equivalents. Cash deposits are carried at cost which approximates their fair value.

The Company had $16,604,011 of cash deposits as of August 31, 2019, including $84,905 in domestic bank accounts and $16,519,106 held in Canadian bank accounts in excess of Canadian Deposit Insurance Corporation insured limits.

Equipment

Fixed assets are carried at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Major improvements are capitalized, while repair and maintenance are expensed when incurred. Renewals and betterments that materially extend the life of the assets are capitalized. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in that period.

Depreciation is computed on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of the related assets. The estimated useful lives of depreciable assets are:

	Estimated
	Useful Lives (years)
Computer equipment and software	3
Equipment, furniture and fixtures	5

Patent and Trademark Costs

Costs related to filing and pursuing patent applications are recorded as general and administrative expense and expensed as incurred since recoverability of such expenditures is uncertain.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the reporting date. The Company utilizes a three-tier hierarchy which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value:

Level 1. Valuations based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that an entity has the ability to access. The Company has no assets or liabilities measured and recorded on a recurring or nonrecurring basis with Level 1 inputs.

Level 2. Valuations based on quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. The Company has no assets or liabilities measured and recorded on a recurring or nonrecurring basis with Level 2 inputs.

Level 3. Valuations based on inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. The Company has no assets or liabilities measured and recorded on a recurring or nonrecurring basis with Level 3 inputs.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying value of cash and accounts payable approximate their fair value because of the short-term nature of these instruments and their liquidity. It is not practical to determine the fair value of the Company’s notes payable due to the complex terms. Management is of the opinion that the Company is not exposed to significant interest or credit risks arising from these financial instruments.

Research and Product Development

Research and product development costs represent costs incurred to develop the Company’s technology, including salaries and benefits for research and development personnel, allocated overhead and facility occupancy costs, supplies, equipment purchase and repair and other costs. Research and product development costs are expensed when incurred, except for nonrefundable advance payments for future research and development activities which are capitalized and recognized as expense as the related services are performed.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for all stock-based payment awards made to the Company’s employees, consultants and directors that are expected to vest based on estimated fair values. The valuation of stock option awards is determined at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing Model (the “Black-Scholes Model”). This model requires the use of the following assumptions: expected volatility of our common stock, which is based on our own calculated historical rate; expected life of the option award, which we elected to calculate using the simplified method; expected dividend yield, which is 0%, as we have not paid and do not have any plans to pay dividends on our common stock; and the risk-free interest rate, which is based on the U.S. Treasury rate in effect at the time of grant with maturities equal to the stock option award’s expected life. If any of the assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model changes significantly, stock-based compensation expense for future awards may differ materially compared to awards previously granted previously.

The Company records compensation expense for service-based awards over the vesting period of the award on a straight-line basis. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded net of forfeitures as they occur. For awards with performance-based conditions, at the point that it becomes probable that the performance conditions will be met, the Company records a cumulative catch-up of the expense from the grant date to the current date, and then amortizes the remainder of the expense over the remaining service period. Management evaluates when the achievement of a performance-based condition is probable based on the expected satisfaction of the performance conditions as of the reporting date. The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized during a period is based on the value of the portion of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. See “NOTE 6 – Common Stock and Warrants” and “NOTE 7 - Stock Options” for additional information on the Company’s stock-based compensation plans.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributed to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and tax credits and loss carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences and carry-forwards are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to amounts expected to be realized. The Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain income tax positions, if any, taken or expected to be taken in an income tax return. Estimated interest and penalties are recorded as a component of interest expense or other expense, respectively.

Segment Reporting

The Company’s business is considered to be operating in one segment based upon the Company’s organizational structure, the way in which the operations are managed and evaluated, the availability of separate financial results and materiality considerations.

Net Income (Loss) Per Share

The computation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is based on the weighted average number of shares that were outstanding during the period, including shares of common stock that are issuable at the end of the reporting period. The computation of diluted EPS is based on the number of basic weighted-average shares outstanding plus the number of common shares that would be issued assuming the exercise of all potentially dilutive common shares outstanding using the treasury stock method. The computation of diluted net income per share does not assume conversion, exercise or contingent issuance of securities that would have an antidilutive effect on earnings per share. Therefore, when calculating EPS if the Company experienced a loss, there is no inclusion of dilutive securities as their inclusion in the EPS calculation is antidilutive. Furthermore, options and warrants will have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when the average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of the options or warrants (they are in the money).

Following is the computation of basic and diluted net loss per share for the years ended August 31, 2019 and 2018:

	Years Ended August 31,
	2019			2018
Basic and Diluted EPS Computation
Numerator:
Loss available to common stockholders'	$	(6,887,678	)	$	(6,854,547	)
Denominator:
Weighted average number of common shares outstanding		48,986,720			36,020,453
Basic and diluted EPS	$	(0.14	)	$	(0.19	)
The shares listed below were not included in the computation of diluted losses per share because to do so would have been antidilutive for the periods presented:
Stock options		2,777,334			1,291,334
Warrants		19,483,517			2,816,850
Convertible debt		-			3,165,800
Warrants issuable upon conversion of debt (See "Note 4 - Debt")		-			3,165,800
Total shares not included in the computation of diluted losses per share		22,260,851			10,439,784

Recent Accounting Standards

In July 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-11, Earnings Per Share (Topic 260), Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity (Topic 480), Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815). The amendments in Part I of this Update change the classification analysis of certain equity-linked financial instruments (or embedded features) with down round features. When determining whether certain financial instruments should be classified as liabilities or equity instruments, a down round feature no longer precludes equity classification when assessing whether the instrument is indexed to an entity’s own stock. The amendments also clarify existing disclosure requirements for equity-classified instruments. As a result, a free-standing equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded conversion option) no longer would be accounted for as a derivative liability at fair value as a result of the existence of a down round feature. For freestanding equity classified financial instruments, the amendments require entities that present earnings per share (EPS) in accordance with Topic 260 to recognize the effect of the down round feature when it is triggered. That effect is treated as a dividend and as a reduction of income available to common shareholders in basic EPS. Convertible instruments with embedded conversion options that have down round features are now subject to the specialized guidance for contingent beneficial conversion features (in Subtopic 470-20, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options), including related EPS guidance (in Topic 260). The amendments in Part II of this Update recharacterize the indefinite deferral of certain provisions of Topic 480 that now are presented as pending content in the Codification, to a scope exception. Those amendments do not have a material accounting effect. For public business entities, the amendments in Part I of this Update are effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted for all entities, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. The Company adopted ASU No. 2017-11 at the beginning of the current fiscal year with no impact on its Financial Statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718) Scope of Modification Accounting. The amendments in this Update provide guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting in Topic 718. The amendments in this Update are effective for all entities for annual periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in any interim period, for public business entities for reporting periods for which financial statements have not yet been issued. The Company adopted ASU 2017-09 at the beginning of the current fiscal year with no impact on its Financial Statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842)”, which supersedes ASC Topic 840, Leases, and creates a new topic, ASC 842, Leases. The new guidance requires the recognition of lease assets and liabilities for operating leases with terms of more than 12 months. Presentation of leases within the consolidated statements of operations and consolidated statements of cash flows will be generally consistent with the current lease accounting guidance. The ASU is effective for reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. The Company early adopted ASU No. 2016-02 at the beginning of the current fiscal year. The adoption of the standard did not impact the Company’s consolidated net earnings and had no impact on cash flows. As of May 1, 2019, the Company entered into an operating lease for office space, See NOTE 8 – Lease, for additional information.

The Company reviews new accounting standards as issued. Although some of these accounting standards issued or effective after the end of the Company’s previous fiscal year may be applicable, the Company has not identified any standards that the Company believes merit further discussion. The Company believes that none of the new standards will have a significant impact on the financial statements.