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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2012
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES


Principles of Consolidation


The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly and majority-owned subsidiaries. Significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.


Noncontrolling Interest


The Company accounts for its less than 100% interest in consolidated subsidiaries in accordance with ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, and accordingly the Company presents noncontrolling interests as a component of equity on its condensed consolidated balance sheets and reports noncontrolling interest net income or loss under the heading "Net income applicable to noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiary" in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.


Use of Estimates


The preparation of condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the allowance for doubtful accounts receivable, valuation of inventory, estimates of costs to complete and earnings on uncompleted contracts, estimates of depreciable lives and valuation of property and equipment, estimates of amortization periods for intangible assets, restructuring charges, valuation of beneficial conversion features in convertible debt, valuation of equity based instruments issued for other than cash, valuation of derivatives and the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.


Cash Equivalents


The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.


Restricted Cash


Restricted cash represents a $25,000 compensating balance held pursuant to certain of the Company's short term financing arrangements along with $378,809 of cash placed in an escrow account pursuant to the Hydrozonix Agreement which was released subsequent to June 30, 2012.


Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts


Accounts receivable are stated at their estimated net realizable value. The Company reviews its accounts to estimate losses resulting from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Any required allowance is based on specific analysis of past due accounts and also considers historical trends of write-offs. Past due status is based on how recently payments have been received from customers. The Company's collection experience has been favorable reflecting a limited number of customers, all of which are in the oil and gas industry. No allowance was deemed necessary at June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011.


Inventory


Inventory is primarily comprised of raw materials and work-in-process representing water filtration units being manufactured and assembled for sale. These units are built pursuant to individual order specifications. The Company has minimal raw materials on hand and once a unit is completed, it is submitted to the customer for acceptance. Inventory on hand at each respective balance sheet date is stated at the lower of cost or market. At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, inventory was comprised of raw materials only.


Property and Equipment


Property and equipment is stated at cost. For equipment manufactured for use by the Company, cost includes direct component parts plus direct labor. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives generally ranging from three to seven years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is computed using the straight-line method over the lesser of the useful life of the asset or the remaining term of the lease. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.


Patents


Patents consist of costs related to the development of such patents which have finite lives. Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives on a straight line basis.


Impairment of Long-Lived Assets


The Company reviews long-lived assets and intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset or group of assets to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset or group of assets. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. Fair value is determined through various valuation techniques including discounted cash flow models, quoted market values and third-party independent appraisals, as considered appropriate.


Derivative Instruments


ASC Topic 815, "Derivatives and Hedging" ("ASC Topic 815"), establishes accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments and for hedging activities by requiring that all derivatives be recognized in the balance sheet and measured at fair value. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognized in earnings or recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) depending on the purpose of the derivatives and whether they qualify and have been designated for hedge accounting treatment. The Company does not have any derivative instruments for which it has applied hedge accounting treatment.


Fair Value of Financial Instruments and Fair Value Measurements

 

The Company measures its financial and non-financial assets and liabilities, as well as makes related disclosures, in accordance with ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures ("ASC Topic 820"). For certain of our financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, the carrying amounts approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Amounts recorded for notes payable, net of discount, also approximate fair value because current interest rates available to us for debt with similar terms and maturities are substantially the same.


ASC Topic 820 provides guidance with respect to valuation techniques to be utilized in the determination of fair value of assets and liabilities. Approaches include, (i) the market approach (comparable market prices), (ii) the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow), and (iii) the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). ASC Topic 820 utilizes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:

 

     

 

Level 1:

Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

 

 

 

 

Level 2:

Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.

 

 

 

 

Level 3:

Unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore developed using estimates and assumptions developed by us, which reflect those that a market participant would use.

 




Revenue Recognition

 

For each of our revenue sources we have the following policies:


Equipment and Component Sales


Revenues and related costs on production type contracts are recognized using the "percentage of completion method" of accounting in accordance with ASC 605-35, "Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production Type Contracts." Under this method, contract revenues and related expenses are recognized over the performance period of the contract in direct proportion to the costs incurred as a percentage of total estimated costs for the entirety of the contract. Costs include direct material, direct labor, subcontract labor and any allocable indirect costs. All unallocable indirect costs and corporate general and administrative costs are charged to the periods as incurred. However, in the event a loss on a contract is foreseen, the Company will recognize the loss as it is determined. Contract costs plus recognized profits are accumulated as deferred assets, and billings and/or cash received are recorded to a deferred revenue liability account. The net of these two accounts for any individual project is presented as "Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts," an asset account, or "Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts," a liability account.


Through March 31, 2012 and prospectively for production type contracts that do not qualify for use of the percentage of completion method, the Company accounts for these contracts using the "completed contract method" of accounting in accordance with ASC 605-35-25-57. Under this method, contract costs are accumulated as deferred assets, and billings and/or cash received is recorded to a deferred revenue liability account, during the periods of construction, but no revenues, costs, or profits are recognized in operations until the period upon completion of the contract. Costs include direct material, direct labor, subcontract labor and any allocable indirect costs. All unallocable indirect costs and corporate general and administrative costs are charged to the periods as incurred. However, in the event a loss on a contract is foreseen, the Company will recognize the loss as it is determined. The deferred asset (accumulated contract costs) in excess of the deferred liability (billings and/or cash received) is classified as a current asset under "Costs in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts". The deferred liability (billings and/or cash received) in excess of the deferred asset (accumulated contract costs) is classified under current liabilities as "Billings in excess of costs on uncompleted contracts".


A contract is considered complete when all costs except insignificant items have been incurred and the equipment is operating according to specifications and has been accepted by the customer.


Field Services


Revenue from water treatment contracts is earned based upon the volume of water processed plus additional period based contractual charges and is recognized in the period the service is provided. Payments received in advance of the performance of services or of the delivery of goods are deferred as liabilities until the services are performed or the goods are delivered.

 

Some projects the Company undertakes are based upon our providing water processing services for fixed periods of time. Revenue from these projects is recognized based upon the number of days the service has been provided during the reporting period.


Royalties


Revenue from technology license royalties will be recorded as the royalties are earned.


The Company includes shipping and handling fees billed to customers in revenues and handling costs in cost of revenues.


Product Warranties


The Company accrues for product warranties when the loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. At June 30, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the Company has no product warranty accrual given its lack of historical warranty experience.


Equity-based Compensation


Compensation expense for all stock-based employee and director compensation awards granted is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 718, Compensation - Stock Compensation ("ASC Topic 718"). The Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the option vesting term. Vesting terms vary based on the individual grant terms.


The Company estimates the fair value of stock-based compensation awards on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton ("BSM") option pricing model, which was developed for use in estimating the value of traded options that have no vesting restrictions and are freely transferable. In addition, option valuation models require the input of highly subjective assumptions including the expected stock price volatility. The BSM option pricing model considers, among other factors, the expected term of the award and the expected volatility of the Company's stock price. Expected terms are calculated using the Simplified Method, volatility is determined based on the Company's historical stock price trends and the discount rate is based upon treasury rates with instruments of similar expected terms. Warrants granted to non-employees are accounted for in accordance with the measurement and recognition criteria of ASC Topic 505-50, Equity Based Payments to Non-Employees.


Income Taxes


The Company uses the asset and liability method in accounting for income taxes. Under this method, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on difference between financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities and are measured using the enacted tax rates and laws that will be in effect when the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is provided to offset any net deferred tax assets for which management believes it is more likely than not that the net deferred asset will not be realized.


Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes


The Company applies the provisions of ASC Topic 740-10-25 Income Taxes - Overall - Recognition ("ASC Topic 740-10-25") with respect to the accounting for uncertainty of income tax positions. ASC Topic 740-10-25 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in a company's financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. ASC Topic 740-10-25 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. As of June 30, 2012, tax years 2009, 2010 and 2011 remain open for IRS audit. The Company has received no notice of audit from the Internal Revenue Service for any of the open tax years.


New Standards


No ASUs have been issued impacting the Company.