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Pension and OPEB
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS NET PERIODIC BENEFIT COSTS: [Abstract]  
Components of Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans:
PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS:
CONSOL Energy has non-contributory defined benefit retirement plans covering substantially all employees not covered by multi-employer plans. The benefits for these plans are based primarily on years of service and employee's pay near retirement. CONSOL Energy's salaried plan allows for lump-sum distributions of benefits earned up until December 31, 2005, at the employees' election. The Restoration Plan was frozen effective December 31, 2006 and was replaced prospectively with the CONSOL Energy Supplemental Retirement Plan. CONSOL Energy's Restoration Plan allows only for lump-sum distributions earned up until December 31, 2006. Effective September 8, 2009, the Supplemental Retirement Plan was amended to include employees of CNX Gas. The Supplemental Retirement Plan was frozen effective December 31, 2011 for certain employees and was replaced prospectively with the CONSOL Energy Defined Contribution Restoration Plan.
In March of 2009, the CNX Gas defined benefit retirement plan was merged into the CONSOL Energy's non-contributory defined benefit retirement plan. At the time, the change did not impact the benefits for employees of CNX Gas. However, during 2010 an amendment was adopted to recognize past service at CNX Gas to current employees of CNX Gas who opted out of the plan for additional company contributions into their defined contribution plan and extend coverage to employees previously not eligible to participate in this plan.
Certain subsidiaries of CONSOL Energy provide medical and life insurance benefits to retired employees not covered by the Coal Industry Retiree Health Benefit Act of 1992. The medical plans contain certain cost sharing and containment features, such as deductibles, coinsurance, health care networks and coordination with Medicare. For salaried employees hired before January 1, 2007, the eligibility requirement is either age 55 with 20 years of service or age 62 with 15 years of service. Also, salaried employees and retirees contribute a target of 20% of the medical plan operating costs. Contributions may be higher, dependent on either years of service or a combination of age and years of service at retirement. Prospective annual cost increases of up to 6% will be shared by CONSOL Energy and the participants based on their age and years of service at retirement. Annual cost increases in excess of 6% will be the responsibility of the participants. Any salaried or non-represented hourly employees that were hired or rehired effective January 1, 2007 or later will not become eligible for retiree health benefits. In lieu of traditional retiree health coverage, if certain eligibility requirements are met, these employees will receive a retiree medical spending allowance of $2,250 per year for each year of service at retirement. Newly employed inexperienced employees represented by the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA), hired after January 1, 2007, will not be eligible to receive retiree benefits. In lieu of these benefits, these employees will receive a defined contribution benefit of $1 per each hour worked through December 31, 2013, increasing to $1.50 per hour worked effective January 1, 2014 through December 31, 2016.
For the year ended December 31, 2011 CONSOL Energy received proceeds of $7,973 under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) related to reimbursement from the Federal Government for retiree health spending. This amount is included as a reduction of benefit and other payments in the reconciliation of changes in benefit obligation. There is no guarantee that additional proceeds will be received under this program.
The OPEB liability reflects an increase of $11,800 and $12,300 as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, due to the PPACA reform legislation; in particular, the estimated impact of the potential excise tax beginning in 2018. A corresponding increase in Other Comprehensive Loss was also recognized. The estimated increase in the liability was calculated using the following assumptions: testing pre-Medicare and Medicare covered retirees on a combined basis; assuming individual participants have an average 2012 claim cost and future healthcare trend assumptions equal to those used in the year end valuation; assuming the 2018 tax threshold amount to increase for inflation in later years. These assumptions may change once additional guidance becomes available.
The reconciliation of changes in the benefit obligation, plan assets and funded status of these plans at December 31, 2011 and 2010, is as follows:

 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
 
at December 31,
 
at December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Change in benefit obligation:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benefit obligation at beginning of period
 
$
701,152

 
$
654,022

 
$
3,257,199

 
$
2,844,093

Service cost
 
17,457

 
14,491

 
13,677

 
13,147

Interest cost
 
37,744

 
37,150

 
179,739

 
162,815

Actuarial loss (gain)
 
159,320

 
54,006

 
(51,650
)
 
400,118

Plan amendments
 
(7,186
)
 
682

 

 
204

Dominion Acquisition
 

 
900

 

 
2,800

Participant contributions
 

 

 
6,088

 
4,802

Benefits and other payments
 
(51,135
)
 
(60,099
)
 
(162,853
)
 
(170,780
)
Benefit obligation at end of period
 
$
857,352

 
$
701,152

 
$
3,242,200

 
$
3,257,199

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Change in plan assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of period
 
$
537,721

 
$
462,000

 
$

 
$

Actual return on plan assets
 
23,791

 
63,444

 

 

Company contributions
 
72,194

 
72,376

 
156,765

 
165,978

Participant contributions
 

 

 
6,088

 
4,802

Benefits and other payments
 
(51,135
)
 
(60,099
)
 
(162,853
)
 
(170,780
)
Fair value of plan assets at end of period
 
$
582,571

 
$
537,721

 
$

 
$

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Funded status:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Current liabilities
 
$
(5,713
)
 
$
(2,258
)
 
$
(182,529
)
 
$
(179,809
)
Noncurrent liabilities
 
(269,069
)
 
(161,173
)
 
(3,059,671
)
 
(3,077,390
)
Net obligation recognized
 
$
(274,782
)
 
$
(163,431
)
 
$
(3,242,200
)
 
$
(3,257,199
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income consist of:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net actuarial loss
 
$
494,622

 
$
358,674

 
$
1,328,077

 
$
1,485,090

Prior service credit
 
(8,244
)
 
(1,725
)
 
(75,546
)
 
(121,943
)
Net amount recognized (before tax effect)
 
$
486,378

 
$
356,949

 
$
1,252,531

 
$
1,363,147




The components of net periodic benefit costs are as follows:
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
For the Years Ended December 31,
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Components of net periodic benefit cost:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Service cost
$
17,457

 
$
14,485

 
$
12,332

 
$
13,677

 
$
13,147

 
$
12,654

Interest cost
37,744

 
37,150

 
35,483

 
179,739

 
162,815

 
151,451

Expected return on plan assets
(38,522
)
 
(36,977
)
 
(36,631
)
 

 

 

Amortization of prior service cost (credits)
(666
)
 
(735
)
 
(1,109
)
 
(46,397
)
 
(46,415
)
 
(46,415
)
Recognized net actuarial loss
38,102

 
31,870

 
22,263

 
105,364

 
70,145

 
50,357

Benefit cost
$
54,115

 
$
45,793

 
$
32,338

 
$
252,383

 
$
199,692

 
$
168,047




Amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss, expected to be recognized in 2012 net periodic benefit costs:
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
Pension
 
Postretirement
 
 
Benefits
 
Benefits
Prior Service cost (benefit) recognition
 
$
(1,630
)
 
$
(46,397
)
Actuarial loss recognition
 
$
49,049

 
$
81,380



The following table provides information related to pension plans with an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets:
 
 
As of December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
Projected benefit obligation
 
$
857,352

 
$
701,152

Accumulated benefit obligation
 
$
782,820

 
$
629,433

Fair value of plan assets
 
$
582,571

 
$
537,721



Assumptions:

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine benefit obligations are as follows:
 
 
Pension Benefits
 
Other Postretirement Benefits
 
 
For the Year Ended
 
For the Year Ended
 
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2011
 
2010
Discount rate
 
4.50
%
 
5.30
%
 
4.51
%
 
5.33
%
Rate of compensation increase
 
3.77
%
 
3.68
%
 

 


The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit costs are as follows:

 
 
Pension Benefits at
 
Other Postretirement Benefits at
 
 
December 31,
 
December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Discount rate
 
5.30
%
 
5.79
%
 
6.28
%
 
5.33
%
 
5.87
%
 
6.20
%
Expected long-term return on plan assets
 
8.00
%
 
8.00
%
 
8.00
%
 

 

 

Rate of compensation increase
 
3.66
%
 
4.14
%
 
4.05
%
 

 

 


The long-term rate of return is the sum of the portion of total assets in each asset class held multiplied by the expected return for that class, adjusted for expected expenses to be paid from the assets. The expected return for each class is determined using the plan asset allocation at the measurement date and a distribution of compound average returns over a 20-year time horizon. The model uses asset class returns, variances and correlation assumptions to produce the expected return for each portfolio. The return assumptions used forward-looking gross returns influenced by the current Treasury yield curve. These returns recognize current bond yields, corporate bond spreads and equity risk premiums based on current market conditions.
The assumed health care cost trend rates are as follows:
 
 
 
At December 31,
 
 
2011
 
2010
 
2009
Health care cost trend rate for next year
 
6.85
%
 
8.47
%
 
8.74
%
Rate to which the cost trend is assumed to decline (ultimate trend rate)
 
4.50
%
 
4.50
%
 
4.50
%
Year that the rate reaches ultimate trend rate
 
2026

 
2023

 
2023



Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the medical plans. A one-percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:
 
 
1-Percentage
 
1-Percentage
 
 
Point Increase
 
Point Decrease
Effect on total of service and interest cost components
 
$
24,909

 
$
(20,876
)
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation
 
$
410,191

 
$
(349,038
)


Assumed discount rates also have a significant effect on the amounts reported for both pension and other benefit costs. A one-quarter percentage point change in assumed discount rate would have the following effect on benefit costs:

 
 
0.25 Percentage
 
0.25 Percentage
 
 
Point Increase
 
Point Decrease
Pension benefit costs (decrease) increase
 
$
(1,948
)
 
$
1,965

Other postemployment benefits costs (decrease) increase
 
$
(4,666
)
 
$
5,543



Plan Assets:
The company's overall investment strategy is to meet current and future benefit payment needs through diversification across asset classes, fund strategies and fund managers to achieve an optimal balance between risk and return and between income and growth of assets through capital appreciation. The target allocations for plan assets are 36 percent U.S. equity securities, 24 percent non-U.S. equity securities and 40 percent fixed income. Both the equity and fixed income portfolios are comprised of both active and passive investment strategies. The Trust is primarily invested in Mercer Common Collective Trusts. Equity securities consist of investments in large and mid/small cap companies with non-U.S. equities being derived from both developed and emerging markets. Fixed income securities consist of U.S. as well as international instruments, including emerging markets. The core domestic fixed income portfolios invest in government, corporate, asset-backed securities and mortgage-backed obligations. The average quality of the fixed income portfolio must be rated at least “investment grade” by nationally recognized rating agencies. Within the fixed income asset class, investments are invested primarily across various strategies such that its overall profile strongly correlates with the interest rate sensitivity of the Trust's liabilities in order to reduce the volatility resulting from the risk of changes in interest rates and the impact of such changes on the Trust's overall financial status. Derivatives, interest rate swaps, options and futures are permitted investments for the purpose of reducing risk and to extend the duration of the overall fixed income portfolio; however they may not be used for speculative purposes. All or a portion of the assets may be invested in mutual funds or other comingled vehicles so long as the pooled investment funds have an adequate asset base relative to their asset class; are invested in a diversified manner; and have management and/or oversight by an Investment Advisor registered with the SEC. The Retirement Board, as appointed by the CONSOL Energy Board of Directors, reviews the investment program on an ongoing basis including asset performance, current trends and developments in capital markets, changes in Trust liabilities and ongoing appropriateness of the overall investment policy.
The fair values of plan assets at December 31, 2011 and 2010 by asset category are as follows:

 
 
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2011
 
Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2010
 
 
 
 
Quoted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Quoted
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prices in
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Prices in
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Active
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Active
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Markets for
 
Significant
 
Significant
 
 
 
Markets for
 
Significant
 
Significant
 
 
 
 
Identical
 
Observable
 
Unobservable
 
 
 
Identical
 
Observable
 
Unobservable
 
 
 
 
Assets
 
Inputs
 
Inputs
 
 
 
Assets
 
Inputs
 
Inputs
 
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
 
Total
 
(Level 1)
 
(Level 2)
 
(Level 3)
Asset Category
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash/Accrued Income
 
$
552

 
$
552

 
$

 
$

 
$
482

 
$
482

 
$

 
$

US Equities (a)
 
11

 
11

 

 

 
2

 
2

 

 

MGI Collective Trusts
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
US Large Cap Growth Equity (b)
 
46,670

 

 
46,670

 

 
48,328

 

 
48,328

 

US Large Cap Value Equity (c)
 
48,115

 

 
48,115

 

 
48,802

 

 
48,802

 

US Small/Mid Cap Growth Equity (d)
 
20,897

 

 
20,897

 

 
20,580

 

 
20,580

 

US Small/Mid Cap Value Equity (e)
 
21,375

 

 
21,375

 

 
20,459

 

 
20,459

 

US Core Fixed Income (f)
 
29,881

 

 
29,881

 

 
27,660

 

 
27,660

 

Non-US Core Equity (g)
 
139,395

 

 
139,395

 

 
130,305

 

 
130,305

 

US Long Duration Investment Grade Fixed Income (h)
 
35,709

 

 
35,709

 

 
46,848

 

 
46,848

 

US Long Duration Fixed Income (i)
 
34,434

 

 
34,434

 

 
67,949

 

 
67,949

 

US Large Cap Passive Equity (j)
 
71,786

 

 
71,786

 

 
59,776

 

 
59,776

 

US Passive Fixed Income (k)
 
16,158

 

 
16,158

 

 
14,996

 

 
14,996

 

US Long Duration Passive Fixed Income (l)
 
21,422

 

 
21,422

 

 
26,796

 

 
26,796

 

US Ultra Long Duration Fixed Income (m)
 
33,466

 

 
33,466

 

 
24,738

 

 
24,738

 

US Active Long Corporate Investment (n)
 
62,700

 

 
62,700

 

 

 

 

 

Total
 
$
582,571

 
$
563

 
$
582,008

 
$

 
$
537,721

 
$
484

 
$
537,237

 
$


__________
(a)
This category includes investments in U.S. common stocks and corporate debt.
(b)
This category invests primarily in common stock of large cap companies in the U.S. with above average earnings growth and revenue expectations. It targets broad diversification across economic sectors and seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The strategy is benchmarked to the Russell 1000 Growth Index.
(c)
This category invests primarily in U.S. large cap companies that appear to be undervalued relative to their intrinsic value. It targets broad diversification across economic sectors and seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The strategy is benchmarked to the Russell 1000 Value Index.
(d)
This category invests in small to mid-sized U.S. companies with above average earnings growth and revenue expectations. It targets broad diversification across economic sectors and seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The smaller cap orientation of the strategy requires the investment team to be cognizant of liquidity and capital constraints, which are monitored on an ongoing basis. The strategy is benchmarked to the Russell 2500 Growth Index.
(e)
This category invests in small to mid-sized U.S. companies that appear to be undervalued relative to their intrinsic value. It targets broad diversification across economic sectors and seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The smaller cap orientation of the strategy requires the investment team to be cognizant of liquidity and capital constraints, which are monitored on an ongoing basis. The strategy is benchmarked to the Russell 2500 Value Index.
(f)
This category invests primarily in U.S. dollar-denominated investment grade and government securities. It may also invest in opportunistically in out-of-benchmark positions including U.S. high yield, non-U.S. bonds, and Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities (TIPs). The strategy seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics, and total portfolio duration is targeted to be within 20% of the benchmark's duration. Total exposure to high yield issues is typically less than 10%, inclusive of direct investment in high yield and exposure through other core fixed income funds. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The strategy is benchmarked to the Barclays Capital Aggregate Index.
(g)
This category invests in all cap companies operating in developed and emerging markets outside the U.S. The strategy targets broad diversification across economic sectors and seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Total exposure to emerging markets is typically 10-15%, inclusive of direct investment in emerging markets and exposure through other non-U.S. equity funds. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The strategy is benchmarked to the MSCI EAFE Index.
(h)
This category invests in a passively managed U.S. long duration corporate investment grade portfolio at a 90% weight and a passively managed U.S. Long Treasury portfolio at a 10% weight. It seeks to provide broad exposure to U.S. long duration investment grade credit while allowing for short term liquidity through a strategic allocation to US Treasuries. The strategy is benchmarked 90% to the Barclays Capital U.S. Long Credit Index and 10% to the Barclays Capital Long Treasury.
(i)
This category invests primarily in U.S. dollar denominated investment grade bonds and government securities with durations between 9 and 11 years. It may also invest opportunistically in out-of-benchmark positions including U.S. high yield, non-U.S. bonds, municipal bonds, and TIPs. The strategy seeks to achieve lower overall portfolio volatility by investing in complementary active managers with varying risk characteristics. Fund selection and allocations within the portfolio are implemented by MGI's investment management team. The strategy is benchmarked to the Barclays Capital U.S. Long Government/Credit Index.
(j)
This category invests in common stock of U.S. large cap companies. The strategy is benchmarked to the S&P 500 Index.
(k)
This category invests primarily in U.S. dollar-denominated investment grade bonds and government securities. The strategy and its underlying passive investments are benchmarked to the Barclays Capital Aggregate Index.
(l)
This category invests primarily in U.S. dollar-denominated investment grade bonds and government securities with durations between 9 and 11 years. The strategy and its underlying passive investments are benchmarked to the Barclays Capital Long Government/Credit Index.
(m)
This category seeks to reduce the volatility of the plan's funded status and extend the duration of the assets by investing in a series of ultra long duration portfolios with target durations of up to 35 years. Each underlying portfolio is managed by a sub-advisor and consists of five interest rate swaps with sequential target or maturity dates, with the longest dated portfolio maturing in 2045. The interest rate swaps are fully collateralized, resulting in no leverage. The cash collateral is invested by the sub-advisor in an actively managed cash strategy that seeks to provide a return in excess of 3 month LIBOR. The ultra long duration strategy is used in conjunction with liability driven investing solutions, which seek to align the duration of the assets to the plan's liabilities. The Strategy is benchmarked to a Custom Liability Benchmark Portfolio.
(n)
This category invests in a U.S. long duration corporate investment grade portfolio at a 90% weight and a U.S. long treasury portfolio at a 10% weight. It seeks to provide broad exposure to U.S. long duration investment grade corporate bonds with an emphasis on reducing default risk through active management while allowing for short term liquidity through a strategic allocation to U.S. Treasuries. The strategy is benchmarked 90% to the Barclays Capital U.S. Long Corporate Index and 10% to the Barclay's Capital Long Treasury.

There are no investments in CONSOL Energy stock held by these plans at December 31, 2011 or 2010.
There are no assets in the other postretirement benefit plans at December 31, 2011 or 2010.

Cash Flows:
CONSOL Energy expects to contribute to the pension trust using prudent funding methods. Currently, depending on asset values and asset returns held in the trust, we expect to contribute $110 million to our pension plan trust in 2012. Pension benefit payments are primarily funded from the trust. CONSOL Energy does not expect to contribute to the other postemployment plan in 2011. We intend to pay benefit claims as they are due.
The following benefit payments, reflecting expected future service, are expected to be paid:
 
 
 
 
Other
 
 
Pension
 
Postretirement
 
 
Benefits
 
Benefits
2012
 
$
50,778

 
$
182,529

2013
 
$
50,902

 
$
187,606

2014
 
$
51,922

 
$
191,429

2015
 
$
53,247

 
$
194,995

2016
 
$
56,114

 
$
198,422

Year 2017-2021
 
$
293,606

 
$
989,306