10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

Form 10-Q

(Mark One)
☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2020

	OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For Transition Period From to

Commission File Number 000-26591

RGC Resources, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Virginia			54-1909697
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)			(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
519 Kimball Ave., N.E.,	Roanoke,	VA	24016
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)			(Zip Code)

(540) 777-4427

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

None

(Former Name, Former Address and Former Fiscal Year, if Changed Since Last Report)

Title of Each Class	Trading Symbol	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $5 Par Value	RGCO	NASDAQ Global Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ☒    No  ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated-filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☐	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☒	Smaller reporting company	☒
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act)    Yes  ☐    No  ☒

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

Class	Outstanding at July 31, 2020
Common Stock, $5 Par Value	8,149,985

GLOSSARY OF TERMS

AFUDC	Allowance for Funds Used During Construction
AOCI/AOCL	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
ARO	Asset Retirement Obligation
ARP	Alternative Revenue Program, regulatory or rate recovery mechanisms approved by the SCC that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets
ASC	Accounting Standards Codification
ASU	Accounting Standards Update as issued by the FASB
Company	RGC Resources, Inc. or Roanoke Gas Company
COVID-19 or Coronavirus	A pandemic disease that causes respiratory illness similar to the flu with symptoms such as coughing, fever, and in more severe cases, difficulty in breathing
CPCN	Certificate of Public Convenience and Necessity
Diversified Energy	Diversified Energy Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources
DRIP	Dividend Reinvestment and Stock Purchase Plan of RGC Resources, Inc.
DTH	Decatherm (a measure of energy used primarily to measure natural gas)
EPS	Earnings Per Share
ERISA	Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974
ESAC	Eligible Safety Activity Costs, a Virginia natural gas utility’s operation and maintenance expenditures that are related to the development, implementation, or execution of the utility’s integrity management plan or programs and measures implemented to comply with regulations issued by the SCC or a federal regulatory body with jurisdiction over pipeline safety
FASB	Financial Accounting Standards Board
FDIC	Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
FERC	Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
Fourth Circuit	U.S. Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals
GAAP	U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
HDD	Heating degree day, a measurement designed to quantify the demand for energy. It is the number of degrees that a day’s average temperature falls below 65 degrees Fahrenheit
ICC	Inventory carrying cost revenue, an SCC approved rate structure that mitigates the impact of financing costs on natural gas inventory
IRS	Internal Revenue Service
KEYSOP	RGC Resources, Inc. Key Employee Stock Option Plan
LDI	Liability Driven Investment approach, a strategy which reduces the volatility in the pension and postretirement plans’ funded status and expense by matching the duration of the fixed income investments with the duration of the corresponding pension liabilities
LIBOR	London Inter-Bank Offered Rate
LLC	Mountain Valley Pipeline, L.L.C., a joint venture established to design, construct and operate the Mountain Valley Pipeline and MVP Southgate
LNG	Liquefied natural gas, the cryogenic liquid form of natural gas. Roanoke Gas operates and maintains a plant capable of producing and storing up to 200,000 dth of liquefied natural gas
MGP	Manufactured gas plant
Midstream	RGC Midstream, L.L.C., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources created to invest in pipeline projects including MVP and Southgate
MVP	Mountain Valley Pipeline, a FERC-regulated natural gas pipeline project intended to connect the Equitran's gathering and transmission system in northern West Virginia to the Transco interstate pipeline in south central Virginia with a planned interconnect to Roanoke Gas’ natural gas distribution system
Normal Weather	The average number of heating degree days over the most recent 30-year period
PBGC	Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation
Pension Plan	Defined benefit plan that provides pension benefits to employees hired prior to January 1, 2017 who meet certain years of service criteria
PGA	Purchased Gas Adjustment, a regulatory mechanism, which adjusts natural gas customer rates to reflect changes in the forecasted cost of gas and actual gas costs
Postretirement Plan	Defined benefit plan that provides postretirement medical and life insurance benefits to eligible employees hired prior to January 1, 2000 who meet years of service and other criteria
Resources	RGC Resources, Inc., parent company of Roanoke Gas, Midstream and Diversified Energy
RGCO	Trading symbol for RGC Resources, Inc. on the NASDAQ Global Stock Market
Roanoke Gas	Roanoke Gas Company, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Resources
RSPD	RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan for Outside Directors
RSPO	RGC Resources, Inc. Restricted Stock Plan
SAVE	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy, a regulatory mechanism per Chapter 26 of Title 56 of the Code of Virginia that allows natural gas utilities to recover the investment in eligible infrastructure replacement projects without the filing of a formal base rate application
SAVE Plan	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan, a regulatory mechanism to recover the related depreciation and expenses and provide return on rate base of eligible infrastructure replacement projects on a prospective basis without the filing of a formal application
SAVE Rider	Steps to Advance Virginia's Energy Plan Rider, the rate component of the SAVE Plan as approved by the SCC that is billed monthly to the Company’s customers to recover the costs associated with eligible infrastructure projects including the related depreciation and expenses and return on rate base of the investment
SCC	Virginia State Corporation Commission, the regulatory body with oversight responsibilities of the utility operations of Roanoke Gas
SEC	U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
Southgate	Mountain Valley Pipeline, LLC’s Southgate project, which extends from the MVP in south central Virginia to central North Carolina, of which Midstream holds less than a 1% investment
S&P 500 Index	Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index
TCJA	Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017
WNA	Weather Normalization Adjustment, an ARP mechanism which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average
Some of the terms above may not be included in this filing

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	Unaudited June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
ASSETS
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	1,201,205	$	1,631,348
Accounts receivable (less allowance for uncollectibles of $562,698 and $110,743, respectively)	3,296,251		3,870,211
Materials and supplies	1,001,929		1,021,882
Gas in storage	3,451,588		6,448,307
Prepaid income taxes	—		1,157,980
Regulatory assets	2,298,890		1,521,939
Other	1,295,649		733,525
Total current assets	12,545,512		16,385,192
UTILITY PROPERTY:
In service	247,110,539		237,786,964
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(70,898,572)		(67,207,334)
In service, net	176,211,967		170,579,630
Construction work in progress	17,837,998		11,423,326
Utility plant, net	194,049,965		182,002,956
OTHER ASSETS:
Regulatory assets	11,604,142		12,178,853
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	54,856,710		47,375,459
Other	284,429		411,236
Total other assets	66,745,281		59,965,548
TOTAL ASSETS	$	273,340,758	$	258,353,696

1

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

	Unaudited June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Dividends payable	$	1,426,247	$	1,339,522
Accounts payable	4,150,305		4,483,233
Capital contributions payable	2,427,398		5,024,824
Customer credit balances	1,133,566		880,295
Income taxes payable	352,325		—
Customer deposits	1,652,387		1,432,031
Accrued expenses	2,578,809		3,448,000
Interest rate swaps	531,698		147,556
Regulatory liabilities	817,437		4,877,603
Total current liabilities	15,070,172		21,633,064
LONG-TERM DEBT:
Notes payable	113,810,200		95,512,200
Line-of-credit	2,858,130		8,172,473
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	(321,363)		(313,315)
Long-term debt, net	116,346,967		103,371,358
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:
Interest rate swaps	1,817,424		746,785
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745		6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824		11,892,352
Benefit plan liabilities	5,761,734		6,912,105
Deferred income taxes	13,742,696		12,978,523
Regulatory liabilities	10,748,044		10,934,434
Total deferred credits and other liabilities	51,672,467		50,252,882
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Common stock, $5 par value; authorized 20,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 8,147,437 and 8,073,264 shares, respectively	40,737,185		40,366,320
Preferred stock, no par, authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding	—		—
Capital in excess of par value	15,586,761		14,397,072
Retained earnings	37,446,071		30,821,917
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,518,865)		(2,488,917)
Total stockholders’ equity	90,251,152		83,096,392
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	273,340,758	$	258,353,696

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

2

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME

FOR THE THREE AND NINE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019

UNAUDITED

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
OPERATING REVENUES:
Gas utility	$	10,856,453	$	11,534,948	$	52,757,778	$	57,630,278
Non utility	215,465		148,002		537,324		544,378
Total operating revenues	11,071,918		11,682,950		53,295,102		58,174,656
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas - utility	3,680,408		4,132,871		20,531,211		28,810,668
Cost of sales - non utility	113,693		85,872		269,029		320,818
Operations and maintenance	3,426,231		3,426,717		11,453,850		10,662,800
General taxes	527,418		494,958		1,658,528		1,559,183
Depreciation and amortization	1,988,505		1,905,475		5,965,226		5,716,425
Total operating expenses	9,736,255		10,045,893		39,877,844		47,069,894
OPERATING INCOME	1,335,663		1,637,057		13,417,258		11,104,762
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,205,574		777,193		3,488,253		2,038,417
Other income (expense), net	52,556		(5,967)		528,091		241,628
Interest expense	986,203		925,698		3,109,681		2,635,129
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	1,607,590		1,482,585		14,323,921		10,749,678
INCOME TAX EXPENSE	401,012		344,030		3,430,091		2,506,871
NET INCOME	$	1,206,578	$	1,138,555	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.03
DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.02
DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE	$	0.175	$	0.165	$	0.525	$	0.495

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE THREE AND NINE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019

UNAUDITED

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
NET INCOME	$	1,206,578	$	1,138,555	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Interest rate swaps	(126,800)		(457,899)		(1,080,321)		(583,423)
Defined benefit plans	16,791		(1,913)		50,373		(5,739)
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS, NET OF TAX	(110,009)		(459,812)		(1,029,948)		(589,162)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$	1,096,569	$	678,743	$	9,863,882	$	7,653,645

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND NINE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019

UNAUDITED

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance - September 30, 2019	$	40,366,320	$	14,397,072	$	30,821,917	$	(2,488,917)	$	83,096,392
Net Income	—		—		4,006,936		—		4,006,936
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		279,844		279,844
Cash dividends declared ($0.175 per share)	—		—		(1,419,236)		—		(1,419,236)
Issuance of common stock (18,053 shares)	90,265		304,934		—		—		395,199
Balance - December 31, 2019	$	40,456,585	$	14,702,006	$	33,409,617	$	(2,209,073)	$	86,359,135
Net Income	—		—		5,680,316		—		5,680,316
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(1,199,783)		(1,199,783)
Cash dividends declared ($0.175 per share)	—		—		(1,424,192)		—		(1,424,192)
Issuance of common stock (45,628 shares)	228,140		673,731		—		—		901,871
Balance - March 31, 2020	$	40,684,725	$	15,375,737	$	37,665,741	$	(3,408,856)	$	90,317,347
Net Income	—		—		1,206,578		—		1,206,578
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(110,009)		(110,009)
Stock option grants	—		40,692		—		—		40,692
Cash dividends declared ($0.175 per share)	—		—		(1,426,248)		—		(1,426,248)
Issuance of common stock (10,492 shares)	52,460		170,332		—		—		222,792
Balance - June 30, 2020	$	40,737,185	$	15,586,761	$	37,446,071	$	(3,518,865)	$	90,251,152

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

FOR THE THREE AND NINE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019

UNAUDITED

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Common Stock		Capital in Excess of Par Value		Retained Earnings		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)		Total Stockholders' Equity
Balance - September 30, 2018	$	39,973,075	$	13,043,656	$	27,438,049	$	(871,668)	$	79,583,112
Net Income	—		—		2,434,162		—		2,434,162
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(83,316)		(83,316)
Cash dividends declared ($0.165 per share)	—		—		(1,322,335)		—		(1,322,335)
Issuance of common stock (17,035 shares)	85,175		262,942		—		—		348,117
Balance - December 31, 2018	$	40,058,250	$	13,306,598	$	28,549,876	$	(954,984)	$	80,959,740
Net income	—		—		4,670,090		—		4,670,090
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(46,034)		(46,034)
Cash dividends declared ($0.165 per share)	—		—		(1,329,178)		—		(1,329,178)
Issuance of common stock (31,622 shares)	158,110		561,789		—		—		719,899
Balance - March 31, 2019	$	40,216,360	$	13,868,387	$	31,890,788	$	(1,001,018)	$	84,974,517
Net income	—		—		1,138,555		—		1,138,555
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		(459,812)		(459,812)
Cash dividends declared ($0.165 per share)	—		—		(1,330,739)		—		(1,330,739)
Issuance of common stock (20,685 shares)	103,425		310,989		—		—		414,414
Balance - June 30, 2019	$	40,319,785	$	14,179,376	$	31,698,604	$	(1,460,830)	$	84,736,935

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

FOR THE NINE-MONTH PERIODS ENDED JUNE 30, 2020 AND 2019

UNAUDITED

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	6,143,085		5,821,417
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net	(391,297)		(285,489)
Stock option grants	40,692		—
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	(3,488,253)		(2,038,417)
Allowance for funds used during construction	(272,108)		—
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash, exclusive of changes and noncash transactions shown separately	(99,850)		4,846,199
Net cash provided by operating activities	12,826,099		16,586,517
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for utility property	(16,969,559)		(16,646,978)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	(6,590,424)		(16,650,944)
Proceeds from disposal of utility property	53,921		1,819
Net cash used in investing activities	(23,506,062)		(33,296,103)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes	18,298,000		51,559,000
Retirement of notes payable	—		(24,000,000)
Borrowings under line-of-credit	14,096,520		23,308,642
Repayments under line-of-credit	(19,410,863)		(30,669,659)
Debt issuance expenses	(70,750)		(92,856)
Proceeds from issuance of stock	1,519,862		1,482,430
Cash dividends paid	(4,182,949)		(3,887,037)
Net cash provided by financing activities	10,249,820		17,700,520
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(430,143)		990,934
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR	1,631,348		247,411
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR	$	1,201,205	$	1,238,345
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest	$	3,357,737	$	2,725,248
Income taxes	985,000		1,951,000

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

UNAUDITED

1.Basis of Presentation

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy and Midstream.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary to fairly present Resources' financial position as of June 30, 2020, cash flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations, comprehensive income, and changes in stockholders' equity for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 are not indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020 as quarterly earnings are affected by the highly seasonal nature of the business and weather conditions generally result in greater earnings during the winter months.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes are presented as permitted under the rules and regulations of the SEC. Pursuant to those rules, certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information not misleading. Therefore, the condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019. The September 30, 2019 consolidated balance sheet was included in the Company’s audited financial statements included in Form 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019.

On March 12, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the Exchange Act that, among other things, revised the definition of an accelerated filer. As a result, Resources now qualifies as both a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease calls for quarterly payments in the amount of $3,240 and is set to expire in September 2021. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, the ASU only modifies disclosure requirements and will not effect financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. Management has not yet completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, as the Company has several contracts and hedging relationships that currently reference LIBOR, this new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the period through which the ASU is effective.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

2.Revenue

The Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.

9

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification:

	Three months ended June 30, 2020						Three months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	6,682,586	$	—	$	6,682,586	$	5,798,846	$	—	$	5,798,846
Commercial	3,157,873		—		3,157,873		4,116,695		—		4,116,695
Industrial and Transportation	1,401,775		—		1,401,775		1,098,393		—		1,098,393
Other	56,723		215,465		272,188		86,714		148,002		234,716
Total contracts with customers	11,298,957		215,465		11,514,422		11,100,648		148,002		11,248,650
Alternative Revenue Programs	(442,504)		—		(442,504)		434,300		—		434,300
Total operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	215,465	$	11,071,918	$	11,534,948	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
	Nine months ended June 30, 2020						Nine months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	31,859,828	$	—	$	31,859,828	$	34,263,845	$	—	$	34,263,845
Commercial	15,260,652		—		15,260,652		19,772,433		—		19,772,433
Industrial and Transportation	3,972,444		—		3,972,444		3,563,505		—		3,563,505
Revenue reductions (TCJA) (1)	—		—		—		(523,881)		—		(523,881)
Other	390,184		537,324		927,508		421,624		544,378		966,002
Total contracts with customers	51,483,108		537,324		52,020,432		57,497,526		544,378		58,041,904
Alternative Revenue Programs	1,274,670		—		1,274,670		132,752		—		132,752
Total operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	537,324	$	53,295,102	$	57,630,278	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
(1) Accrued refund associated with excess revenue collected in tariff rates associated with the reduction in federal income tax rates.

Gas utility revenues

Substantially all Roanoke Gas revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC as reflected in its tariffs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity (the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective performance obligations over time.

All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value received by the customer. Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction price.

Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues above. Natural gas consumption is estimated for the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.

Other revenues

Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility customers and billings for non-utility activities. Non-utility (unregulated) activities provided by the Company include contract paving and other services. Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on services

10

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.

Alternative Revenue Program revenues

ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenue earned, as calculated based on the timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes as approved by the SCC.

Customer Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers. The balances of customer receivables are provided below:

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances		Customer deposits
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	2,590,702	$	1,236,384	$	880,295	$	1,432,031
Balance at June 30, 2020	2,257,426		897,589		1,133,566		1,652,387
Increase (decrease)	$	(333,276)	$	(338,795)	$	253,271	$	220,356
(1) Included in accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not incur any significant costs to obtain contracts.

3.Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the TCJA became law. Its most significant impact was the reduction of the maximum corporate federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning January 1, 2018.

Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued to reflect the reduction in the federal tax rate. For unregulated entities, the revaluation of excess deferred income taxes flowed through income tax expense in the period of change. For rate regulated entities such as Roanoke Gas, these excess deferred taxes were originally recovered from its customers based on billing rates derived using a federal income tax rate of 34%. As a result, these net excess deferred taxes must be returned to customers. The Company began refunding these excess deferred taxes in fiscal 2018. As the refunds should have no effect on the income of the Company, the consolidated income statements reflect both a reduction in revenues and a corresponding reduction in income taxes associated with the flow back of these net excess deferred taxes. The result is a lowering of the effective tax rate for the Company.

11

A reconciliation of income tax expense from applying the federal statutory rates in effect for each period to total income tax expense is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Income before income taxes	$	1,607,590		$	1,482,585		$	14,323,921		$	10,749,678
Corporate federal tax rate	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	337,593		$	311,342		$	3,008,023		$	2,257,432
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	77,349			71,245			666,017			512,315
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations	(14,081)			(13,624)			(138,413)			(186,041)
Other, net	151			(24,933)			(105,536)			(76,835)
Total income tax expense	$	401,012		$	344,030		$	3,430,091		$	2,506,871
Effective tax rate	24.9		%	23.2		%	23.9		%	23.3		%

4.Rates and Regulatory Matters

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service, and depreciation.

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application filed by Roanoke Gas on October 10, 2018. Under the provisions of this order, Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and was required to write-down a portion of the ESAC assets deemed not eligible for recovery in the final order. As a result, management revised its rate refund accrual to reflect the award authorized in the final order. To further comply with the order, $317,191 of ESAC regulatory assets were written-down in the first quarter. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from interim rates in excess of the final approved rates including interest.

Certain provisions within the order were not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2019, pending additional clarification from the SCC. Specifically, the rate order did not provide for a return on certain Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. The specific time period allowed for the recovery of these costs has yet to be determined; therefore, the Company has taken a conservative position and has only reflected AFUDC that would have been recognized since January 1, 2019, the date which the rate award was effective. If the SCC concludes that the AFUDC applies to an earlier period, the Company will reflect any additional AFUDC at that time.

On March 16, 2020, in response to COVID-19, the SCC issued an order applicable to all utilities operating in Virginia to suspend disconnection of service for non-payment by any customer until May 15, 2020, which was subsequently extended to August 31, 2020. This order, effective on the date issued, also directed utilities to not assess late payment fees due to the coronavirus public health emergency. As a result, the amount of current receivables and future billings that will ultimately become uncollectible will likely increase. Therefore, the Company has increased its provision for bad debts as of June 30, 2020, based on information currently available. These estimates are subject to revision as the financial impact of COVID-19 continues to ripple through the economy.

As referenced in Note 3, the TCJA reduced the federal corporate tax rate to 21%. As a result, the Company revalued its deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the new federal tax rate. Under the provisions of ASC 740, the corresponding adjustment to deferred income taxes generally flows to income tax expense for unregulated entities. For rate regulated entities such as Roanoke Gas, these excess deferred taxes were originally recovered from its customers based on billing rates derived using a federal income tax rate of 34%. Therefore, the adjustment to the net deferred tax liabilities of

12

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Roanoke Gas, to the extent such net deferred tax liabilities are attributable to rate base or cost of service for customers, are refundable to customers. Roanoke Gas began accounting for the refund of these excess deferred taxes in fiscal 2018 along with reflecting a corresponding reduction in income tax expense. A majority of the net regulatory liability will be refunded over a 28-year period per IRS normalization requirements. See Note 14 for the remaining balances related to excess deferred taxes.

For the WNA year ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $2.4 million receivable for weather that was 16.5% warmer than normal. According to the provisions of the Company's WNA rate schedule, the Company submits its annual filing to the SCC for approval of rates to collect any revenue shortfall or refund any excess revenues, which must then be reflected in customers' bills between the months of May and August. Due to the uncertainty related to COVID-19, management requested and the SCC subsequently approved to delay the customer billing related to the WNA revenues until the fourth fiscal quarter.

On May 15, 2020 the Company filed an application for modification to its SAVE Plan and Rider and to implement a 2021 SAVE projected factor rate and true-up factor rate. In addition to the continued renewal of first generation plastic mains and related services, coated steel tubing services and specifically identified gate stations, the application proposes that the SAVE Plan be amended to include the renewal or removal of certain regulator stations and the renewal of pre-1971 coated steel mains and coated steel services. The application is currently pending with the SCC.

5.Other Investments

In October 2015, Midstream acquired an initial 1% equity interest in the LLC. In November 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a pro-rata increase in Midstream's participation that will increase its equity interest to approximately 1.03% at the MVP's completion. Once in-service, the MVP will transport approximately 2 million decatherms of natural gas per day.

Pipeline construction has been delayed due to regulatory and legal challenges that have restricted the recent focus to maintenance and restoration activities. As a result, the projected cost is expected to range from $5.4 to $5.7 billion, with Midstream's total cash contribution expected to range from $57 to $59 million. The managing partner extended the estimated in-service date to early calendar 2021. The Company is utilizing the equity method to account for the transactions and activity of the investment in MVP and is participating in the earnings in proportion to its level of investment.

In April 2018, the LLC announced the Southgate project, which is an approximately 75 mile pipeline extending from the MVP in Virginia to delivery points in North Carolina. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The Southgate in-service date is currently targeted for late calendar year 2021.

Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through two variable rate unsecured promissory notes under a non-revolving credit agreement, maturing in December 2022, and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.

The investments in the LLC are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements as follows:

Balance Sheet location:	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Other Assets:
MVP	$	54,494,911	$	47,055,426
Southgate	361,799		320,033
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	54,856,710	$	47,375,459

Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,388,167	$	4,958,260
Southgate	39,231		66,564
Capital contributions payable	$	2,427,398	$	5,024,824

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Income Statement location:	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,205,574	$	777,193	$	3,488,253	$	2,038,417

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	5,857,553	$	3,267,176

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Cash investment	$	6,590,424	$	16,650,944
Change in accrued capital calls	(2,597,426)		(3,015,078)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	3,488,253		2,038,417
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,481,251	$	15,674,283

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

	Income Statements
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
AFUDC	$	120,874,005	$	78,261,970	$	348,654,366	$	199,400,095
Other Income (Expense), net	(18,925)		1,771,678		680,682		5,055,405
Net Income	$	120,855,080	$	80,033,648	$	349,335,048	$	204,455,500

	Balance Sheets
	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets	$	265,509,949	$	485,323,892
Construction Work in Progress	5,322,878,940		4,675,267,389
Other Assets	4,597,441		13,190,816
Total Assets	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097
Liabilities and Equity:
Current Liabilities	$	197,319,584	$	466,776,233
Noncurrent Liabilities	315,000		—
Capital	5,395,351,746		4,707,005,864
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097

6.Derivatives and Hedging

The Company’s hedging and derivative policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations, including the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds. This policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes.

The Company has three interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap agreement that effectively converts the $7,000,000 term note based on LIBOR into fixed-rate debt with a 2.30% effective interest rate. Midstream has two swap agreements corresponding to the $14,000,000 variable rate term note issued on June 12, 2019 and

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

the $10,000,000 variable rate term note issued on June 13, 2019. The swap agreements convert these two notes into fixed rate instruments with effective interest rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. The swaps qualify as cash flow hedges with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the periods presented.

The Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The fair value of the current and non-current portions of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the caption interest rate swaps. The table in Note 8 reflects the effect on income and other comprehensive income of the Company's cash flow hedges.

7.Long-Term Debt

On March 26, 2020, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire March 31, 2021. The new agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2022 with a maximum borrowing limit of $28,000,000. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company. The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $3,000,000 to $28,000,000.

On December 23, 2019, Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement ("Amendment") and amendments to the related Promissory Notes ("Notes") with the corresponding banks. The Amendment modified the original Credit Agreement and prior amendments between Midstream and the banks by increasing the total borrowing capacity to $41,000,000 from its previous limit of $26,000,000 and extending the maturity date to December 29, 2022. The Amendment retained all of the other provisions contained in the previous credit agreements and amendments including the interest rate on the Notes based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%. The additional limits under the Amendment provide additional financing for the investment in the MVP.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000. These notes have a 10-year term with a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. Proceeds from these notes provided funding for Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

Roanoke Gas has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%. Midstream has two other variable rate notes in the amounts of $14,000,000 and $10,000,000 that are hedged by swap agreements that effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, including financial covenants that limit consolidated long-term indebtedness to not more than 65% of total capitalization. All of the debt agreements, except for the line-of-credit, provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

15

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	June 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
	Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas Company:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26% due on September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000	$	137,570	$	30,500,000	$	144,811
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021	7,000,000		4,447		7,000,000		6,948
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due on October 2, 2027	8,000,000		34,916		8,000,000		38,528
Unsecured term notes payable, at 4.41% due on March 28, 2031	10,000,000		33,675		10,000,000		36,272
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.60% due on December 6, 2029	10,000,000		33,466		—		—
RGC Midstream, LLC:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022	24,310,200		53,610		16,012,200		59,504
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026	14,000,000		14,446		14,000,000		16,252
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024	10,000,000		9,233		10,000,000		11,000
Total notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	321,363	$	95,512,200	$	313,315
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022	$	2,858,130	$	—	$	8,172,473	$	—
Total long-term debt	$	116,668,330	$	321,363	$	103,684,673	$	313,315

8.Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

A summary of other comprehensive income and loss is provided below:

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(278,752)	$	71,751	$	(207,001)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	108,002		(27,801)		80,201
Net interest rate swaps	(170,750)		43,950		(126,800)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	22,610		(5,819)		16,791
Other comprehensive loss	$	(148,140)	$	38,131	$	(110,009)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(592,836)	$	152,596	$	(440,240)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(23,780)		6,121		(17,659)
Net interest rate swaps	(616,616)		158,717		(457,899)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(2,576)		663		(1,913)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(619,192)	$	159,380	$	(459,812)

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,583,021)	$	407,469	$	(1,175,552)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	128,240		(33,009)		95,231
Net interest rate swaps	(1,454,781)		374,460		(1,080,321)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	67,830		(17,457)		50,373
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,386,951)	$	357,003	$	(1,029,948)
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(726,851)	$	187,091	$	(539,760)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(58,797)		15,134		(43,663)
Net interest rate swaps	(785,648)		202,225		(583,423)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(7,728)		1,989		(5,739)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(793,376)	$	204,214	$	(589,162)

The amortization of actuarial gains and losses, reflected above, relate to the unregulated operations of the Company. The regulated operations are included as a regulatory asset. The amortization of actual gains and losses is recognized as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income (expense), net.

Reconciliation of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Plans		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	(664,137)	$	(1,824,780)	$	(2,488,917)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,080,321)		50,373		(1,029,948)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(1,744,458)	$	(1,774,407)	$	(3,518,865)

9.Commitments and Contingencies

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. The current franchise agreements expire December 31, 2035. The Company's CPCNs are exclusive and generally are intended for perpetual duration. 

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, the Company has entered into agreements with both suppliers and pipelines for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity. The Company utilizes an asset manager to assist in optimizing the use of its transportation, storage rights and gas supply. Roanoke Gas is currently served directly by two primary pipelines that deliver all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s distribution system. Depending on weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company's ability to deliver natural gas to its customers and its results of operations. The MVP will provide Roanoke Gas with access to an additional delivery source to its distribution system, increasing system reliability and the Company's ability to meet future demands for natural gas.

The outbreak of COVID-19 is having a dramatic effect on businesses and individuals throughout the nation and the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced all levels of government, as well as businesses and individuals, to take actions to limit the spread of the disease. The result is a significant disruption to normal activities as businesses have either shut down or are operating on a limited basis resulting in higher unemployment and government imposed social distancing mandates. The virus and the corresponding efforts to combat its spread did not reach a level where significant disruptions in activity

17

occurred until mid-March 2020. The extent to which COVID-19 will affect the Company over future periods will depend on ongoing developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the duration of the outbreak, the easing of restrictions to businesses and individuals, the potential for a resurgence of the virus, as well as a variety of other factors. The longer COVID-19 persists, the greater the potential negative financial effect on the Company.

10.Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period plus potential dilutive common shares. A reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Income	$	1,206,578	$	1,138,555	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
Weighted average common shares	8,143,887		8,051,944		8,115,836		8,029,222
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock	15,437		36,326		23,178		41,830
Diluted average common shares	8,159,324		8,088,270		8,139,014		8,071,052
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.03
Diluted	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.02

11.Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has both a pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers substantially all of the Company’s employees hired before January 1, 2017 and provides retirement income based on years of service and employee compensation. The postretirement plan provides certain health care and supplemental life insurance benefits to retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Net pension plan and postretirement plan expense is detailed as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	172,902	$	134,317	$	518,706	$	402,951
Interest cost	265,557		291,682		796,671		875,046
Expected return on plan assets	(459,156)		(387,359)		(1,377,468)		(1,162,077)
Recognized loss	113,936		39,650		341,808		118,950
Net periodic pension cost	$	93,239	$	78,290	$	279,717	$	234,870

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	41,970	$	33,221	$	125,910	$	99,663
Interest cost	132,869		162,236		398,607		486,708
Expected return on plan assets	(137,599)		(136,805)		(412,797)		(410,415)
Recognized loss	59,343		30,951		178,029		92,853
Net postretirement benefit cost	$	96,583	$	89,603	$	289,749	$	268,809

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The components of net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Service cost is included in operations and maintenance expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The table below reflects the Company's actual contributions made fiscal year-to-date and the expected contributions to be made during the balance of the current fiscal year.  

	Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions		Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions
Defined benefit pension plan	$	800,000	$	—
Postretirement medical plan	400,000		—
Total	$	1,200,000	$	—

12.Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC No. 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes each input to the valuation method used to measure fair value of financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported on a fair value basis into one of the following three levels:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as required by existing guidance and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	467,303	$	—	$	467,303	$	—
Interest rate swaps	2,349,122		—		2,349,122		—
Total	$	2,816,425	$	—	$	2,816,425	$	—
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	397,757	$	—	$	397,757	$	—
Interest rate swaps	894,341		—		894,341		—
Total	$	1,292,098	$	—	$	1,292,098	$	—

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The fair value of the interest rate swaps are determined by using the counterparty's proprietary models and certain assumptions regarding past, present and future market conditions.

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price based on weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. At June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the liability valued at the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability is expected to be settled.

The Company’s nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its AROs. The AROs are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on expected future cash flows required to settle the obligation. 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. In addition, the carrying amount of the variable rate line-of-credit is a reasonable approximation of its fair value. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are not adjusted to fair value in the financial statements as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
Total	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952
Total	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate debt based on the underlying Treasury rate or other Treasury instruments with a corresponding maturity period and estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions since the issuance of the debt.

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers including individuals and small and large companies in various industries. As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, no single customer accounted for more than 5% of the total accounts receivable balance. The Company maintains certain credit standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

13.Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.

Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:

Gas Utility - The natural gas segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory mechanisms through which it provides the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and industrial customers.

Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of the Company's investment in the MVP and Southgate projects.

Parent and Other - The category parent and other includes the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate eliminations.

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	—	$	215,465	$	11,071,918
Depreciation	1,988,505		—		—		1,988,505
Operating income (loss)	1,291,678		(55,097)		99,082		1,335,663
Equity in earnings	—		1,205,574		—		1,205,574
Interest expense	667,702		318,501		—		986,203
Income before income taxes	674,351		834,054		99,185		1,607,590

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	11,534,948	$	—	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
Depreciation	1,905,475		—		—		1,905,475
Operating income (loss)	1,629,681		(51,896)		59,272		1,637,057
Equity in earnings	—		777,193		—		777,193
Interest expense	604,863		320,835		—		925,698
Income before income taxes	1,016,963		406,246		59,376		1,482,585

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	—	$	537,324	$	53,295,102
Depreciation	5,965,226		—		—		5,965,226
Operating income (loss)	13,321,691		(163,214)		258,781		13,417,258
Equity in earnings	—		3,488,253		—		3,488,253
Interest expense	2,048,552		1,061,129		—		3,109,681
Income before income taxes	11,795,644		2,269,106		259,171		14,323,921

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	57,630,278	$	—	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
Depreciation	5,716,425		—		—		5,716,425
Operating income (loss)	11,014,558		(125,177)		215,381		11,104,762
Equity in earnings	—		2,038,417		—		2,038,417
Interest expense	1,766,611		868,518		—		2,635,129
Income before income taxes	9,485,089		1,048,922		215,667		10,749,678

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

	June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	204,124,191	$	55,393,022	$	13,823,545	$	273,340,758
	September 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	195,969,019	$	47,429,368	$	14,955,309	$	258,353,696

14. Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and amortized into expense over periods when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include the effects in the condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

Regulatory assets included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
WNA	$	1,883,099	$	569,558
ESAC assets	180,809		265,392
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	150,667		602,674
Other deferred expenses	84,315		84,315
Total current	2,298,890		1,521,939
Utility Property:
In service:
Other	11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC	272,108		—
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt	1,627,167		1,712,808
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	9,414,695		9,414,695
ESAC assets	326,274		756,803
Other deferred expenses	236,006		294,547
Total non-current	11,604,142		12,178,853
Total regulatory assets	$	14,187,085	$	13,712,737

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Regulatory liabilities included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Over-recovery of gas costs	$	264,383	$	161,837
Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues	197,195		574,181
Rate refund	—		3,827,588
Excess deferred income taxes	205,353		205,353
Other deferred liabilities	150,506		108,644
Total current	817,437		4,877,603
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745		6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824		11,892,352
Regulatory Liabilities:
Excess deferred income taxes	10,748,044		10,934,434
Total non-current	30,350,613		29,615,469
Total regulatory liabilities	$	31,168,050	$	34,493,072

As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $14,175,140 and $13,700,792, respectively, on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.

15.Common Stock Options

On April 1, 2020, the Board of Directors granted 13,000 options to certain officers of the Company. In accordance with the KEYSOP, the grant price of $27.87 was the closing price of the Company's stock on the grant date. The options become exercisable six-months from the grant date and expire after ten years from the date of issuance.

Fair value at the grant date was $6.26 per option as calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation expense will be recognized over the vesting period. Total compensation expense recognized through June 30, 2020 was $40,692.

16.Subsequent Events

The Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no items not otherwise disclosed above which would have materially impacted the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements. 

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 2 – MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that relate to future transactions, events or expectations. In addition, Resources may publish forward-looking statements relating to such matters as anticipated financial performance, business prospects, technological developments, new products, research and development activities, operational impacts and similar matters. These statements are based on management’s current expectations and information available at the time of such statements and are believed to be reasonable and are made in good faith. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements. In order to comply with the terms of the safe harbor, the Company notes that a variety of factors could cause the Company’s actual results and experience to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the Company’s forward-looking statements. The risks and uncertainties that may affect the operations, performance, development and results of the Company’s business include, but are not limited to those set forth in the following discussion and within Item 1A “Risk Factors” in the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K and Item 1A of this report. All of these factors are difficult to predict and many are beyond the Company’s control. Accordingly, while the Company believes its forward-looking statements to be reasonable, there can be no assurance that they will approximate actual experience or that the expectations derived from them will be realized. When used in the Company’s documents or news releases, the words, “anticipate,” “believe,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “budget,” “assume,” “indicate” or similar words or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “can,” “could” or “may” are intended to identify forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements reflect the Company’s current expectations only as of the date they are made. The Company assumes no duty to update these statements should expectations change or actual results differ from current expectations except as required by applicable laws and regulations.

The three-month and nine-month earnings presented herein should not be considered as reflective of the Company’s consolidated financial results for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020. The total revenues and margins realized during the first nine months reflect higher billings due to the weather sensitive nature of the natural gas business.

COVID-19

COVID-19 has had and continues to have a significant impact on local, state, national and global economies. The actions taken by governments, as well as businesses and individuals, to limit the spread of the disease has significantly disrupted normal activities throughout the Company's service territory. While Virginia is now in Phase 3 of its reopening plan, several of the Company’s commercial customers are still temporarily closed and/or have significantly reduced operations. Accordingly, we believe the economic impact of actions taken to limit the spread of the virus will last at least through calendar year end 2020.

The Company has seen a decline in natural gas consumption in most categories of its commercial customers; however, other commercial customers have increased gas consumption as a result of specialized business models, more than offsetting the other declines. The Company’s volume of gas delivered to residential customers has remained relatively consistent with the prior year.

The SCC issued an order in March 2020, which has subsequently been extended to August 31, 2020, that prohibits any utility operating in Virginia from disconnecting utility service to customers for non-payment or applying late payment fees to delinquent accounts. As a result, the Company expects an increase in both customer delinquencies and bad debts. Additionally, in April 2020, the SCC issued an order granting potential relief from bad debts and other incremental expenses, directly related to the pandemic. While the Company is tracking these costs and will file for relief with the SCC as appropriate, the full extent of these costs and the impact to the Company's results of operations and financial position remains unpredictable.

The full extent to which COVID-19 will impact the Company depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the duration, scope and severity of the pandemic, the increase or reduction in governmental restrictions to businesses and individuals, or the potential for a resurgence of the virus among other factors. The longer COVID-19 continues, the greater the potential negative financial effect on the Company.

Due to the nature of its operations, Resources has been deemed an essential entity by virtue of the utility services provided through Roanoke Gas. Management has updated and implemented its pandemic plan to ensure the continuation of safe and reliable service to customers and to maintain the safety of the Company's employees for the duration of this pandemic. Additionally during this time, the Company regularly evaluates its pandemic plan for adherence to new rules and regulations issued by the Department of Labor and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration regarding workplace safety.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Overview

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the regulated sale and distribution of natural gas to approximately 62,100 residential, commercial and industrial customers in Roanoke, Virginia and surrounding localities through its Roanoke Gas subsidiary.

In addition, Resources is a more than 1% investor in the MVP through its Midstream subsidiary and provides certain unregulated services through its Roanoke Gas subsidiary. The unregulated operations of Roanoke Gas represent less than 2% of total revenues of Resources on an annual basis.

As a public company, Resources operates under the rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC in regards to financial reporting matters. Historically, Resources was considered a smaller reporting company and an accelerated filer under the definitions of Rule 12b-2 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Exchange Act"), as amended. On March 12, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the Exchange Act that revised the definition of an accelerated filer to exclude entities with a public float of less than $700 million and annual revenues under $100 million. Under the revised definitions, Resources now qualifies as a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer. Furthermore, the non-accelerated filing status extends the deadlines for SEC filings and removes the annual requirement of an independent auditor attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

The Company’s utility operations are regulated by the SCC, which oversees the terms, conditions, and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service, accounting and depreciation. The Company is also subject to federal regulation from the Department of Transportation in regard to the construction, operation, maintenance, safety and integrity of its transmission and distribution pipelines. FERC regulates the prices for the transportation and delivery of natural gas to the Company’s distribution system and underground storage services. The Company is also subject to other regulations which are not necessarily industry specific.

Over 98% of the Company’s annual revenues, excluding equity in earnings of MVP, are derived from the sale and delivery of natural gas to Roanoke Gas customers. The SCC authorizes the rates and fees the Company charges its customers for these services. These rates are designed to provide the Company with the opportunity to recover its gas and non-gas expenses and to earn a reasonable rate of return for shareholders based on normal weather.

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate application requesting an annual increase in customer non-gas base rates. Roanoke Gas implemented the non-gas rates contained in its rate application for natural gas service rendered to customers on or after January 1, 2019. On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued the final order on the general rate application, granting Roanoke Gas an annualized increase in non-gas base rates of $7.25 million. The order also directed the Company to write-down $317,000 of ESAC assets that were not subject to recovery under the final order. In March 2020, the Company refunded $3.8 million to its customers, representing the excess revenues collected plus interest for the difference between the final approved rates and the interim rates billed since January 1, 2019.

In fiscal 2019, the Company completed its transition to the 21% federal statutory income tax rate as a result of the TCJA that was signed into law in December 2017. Between the enactment of the new tax rates and the Company's implementation of new non-gas rates effective January 1, 2019, the Company was recovering revenues based on a 34% federal income tax rate rather than a 21% federal tax rate. As a result, during this period, the Company recorded a provision for refund related to estimated excess revenues collected from customers for the difference in non-gas rates derived under the lower federal tax rate and the 34% rate in effect. Beginning in January 2019, Roanoke Gas incorporated the effect of the 21% federal income tax rate with the implementation of new non-gas base rates, as filed in its general rate application, and began refunding the excess revenues associated with the change in the tax rate. The refund of the excess revenues related to the reduction in the federal income tax rate was completed in December 2019. The Company also recorded a regulatory liability related to the excess deferred income taxes on the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas. These excess deferred income taxes are being refunded to customers over a 28-year period. Additional information regarding the TCJA and non-gas base rate award is provided under the Regulatory and Tax Reform section below.

As the Company’s business is seasonal in nature, volatility in winter weather and the commodity price of natural gas can impact the effectiveness of the Company’s rates in recovering its costs and providing a reasonable return for its shareholders. In order to mitigate the effect of variations in weather and the cost of natural gas, the Company has certain approved rate mechanisms in place that help provide stability in earnings, adjust for volatility in the price of natural gas and provide a return on increased infrastructure investment. These mechanisms include SAVE, WNA, ICC and PGA.

The Company’s non-gas base rates provide for the recovery of non-gas related expenses and a reasonable return to shareholders. These rates are determined based on the filing of a formal non-gas rate application with the SCC utilizing historical and proforma information, including investment in natural gas facilities. Generally, investments related to extending

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

service to new customers are recovered through the non-gas base rates currently in place, while the investment in replacing and upgrading existing infrastructure is not recoverable until a formal rate application is filed and approved. The SAVE Plan and Rider provides a mechanism through which the Company recovers on a prospective basis the related depreciation and expenses and provides a return on related qualified capital investments until such time that a formal rate application is filed. As the Company has made significant SAVE qualified expenditures since the last non-gas base rate increase in 2013, SAVE Plan revenues have continued to increase each year. Upon filing the 2018 non-gas rate application the SAVE Rider reset, effective January 2019, as the prior revenues associated with the qualified SAVE Plan infrastructure investments were incorporated into the new non-gas rates. Accordingly, SAVE Plan revenues declined by approximately $508,000 for the nine-month period ended June 30, 2020 compared to the same period last year; however, SAVE Plan revenues increased by approximately $252,000 for the corresponding three-month periods.

The WNA model reduces earnings volatility, related to weather variability in the heating season, by providing the Company a level of earnings protection when weather is warmer than normal and providing customers some price protection when the weather is colder than normal. The WNA is based on a weather measurement band around the most recent 30-year temperature average. Under the WNA, the Company recovers from its customers the lost margin (excluding gas costs) from the impact of weather that is warmer than normal or refunds the excess margin earned for weather that is colder than normal. The WNA mechanism used by the Company is based on a linear regression model that determines the value of a single heating degree day. For the three-months ended June 30, 2020, a $504,000 reduction in revenues was recognized for the effect of weather that was approximately 39% colder than normal. In contrast, during the same period last year, the Company accrued $461,000 in additional revenue related to 46% warmer weather. For the nine-months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, weather was 9% and 3% warmer than normal, respectively, resulting in $1.3 million and $350,000 in additional revenue for the corresponding periods.

The most recent WNA year ended on March 31, 2020. The SCC approved the Company's request to delay billing customers for the WNA until later in the year in order to reduce the financial burdens on its customers during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. The Company has since received approval to bill customers over the three-month period of July to September 2020. See the Regulatory and Tax Reform section below for more information.

The Company also has an approved rate structure in place that mitigates the impact of financing costs associated with its natural gas inventory. Under this rate structure, Roanoke Gas recognizes revenue for the financing costs, or “carrying costs,” of its investment in natural gas inventory. This ICC factor applied to the cost of inventory is based on the Company’s weighted-average cost of capital including interest rates on short-term and long-term debt and the Company’s authorized return on equity. During times of rising gas costs and rising inventory levels, the Company recognizes ICC revenues to offset higher financing costs associated with higher inventory balances. Conversely, during times of decreasing gas costs and lower inventory balances, the Company recognizes less carrying cost revenue as financing costs are lower. In addition, ICC revenues are impacted by the changes in the weighting of the components that are used to determine the weighted-average cost of capital. Total ICC revenues for the three and nine month periods ended June 30, 2020 declined by approximately 28% and 15%, respectively, from the same periods last year due to a combination of lower average price of gas in storage balances and a reduction in the ICC factor used in calculating these revenues.

The Company's approved billing rates include a component designed to allow for the recovery of the cost of natural gas used by its customers. The cost of natural gas is a pass-through cost and is independent of the non-gas base rates of the Company. This rate component, referred to as the PGA, allows the Company to pass along to its customers increases and decreases in natural gas costs incurred by its regulated operations. On a quarterly basis, or more frequently if necessary, the Company files a PGA rate adjustment request with the SCC to adjust the gas cost component of its tariff rates depending on projected commodity price and activity. Once administrative approval is received, the Company adjusts the gas cost component of its rates to reflect the approved amount. As actual costs will differ from projections used in establishing the PGA rate, the Company will either over-recover or under-recover its actual gas costs during the period. The difference between actual costs incurred and costs recovered through the application of the PGA is recorded as a regulatory asset or liability. At the end of the annual deferral period, the balance is amortized over an ensuing 12-month period as those amounts are reflected in customer billings.

Cyber Risk

Cyber attacks are a constant threat to businesses and individuals. The Company remains focused on these threats and is committed to safeguarding its information technology systems. These systems contain confidential customer, vendor and employee information as well as important operational financial data. There is risk associated with unauthorized access of this information with a malicious intent to corrupt data, cause operational disruptions or compromise information. Management continuously monitors access to these systems and believes it has security measures in place to protect these systems from cyber attacks and similar incidents; however, there can be no guarantee that an incident will not occur. In the event of a cyber

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

incident, the Company will execute its Security Incident Response Plan. The Company maintains cyber insurance to mitigate financial exposure that may result from a cyber incident.

Results of Operations

The Company's operations are affected by the cost of natural gas, as reflected in the condensed consolidated income statements under the following line item: cost of gas - utility. The cost of natural gas is passed through to customers at cost, which includes commodity price, transportation, storage, injection and withdrawal fees, with any increase or decrease offset by a correlating change in revenue through the PGA. Accordingly, management believes that gross utility margin, a non-GAAP financial measure defined as utility revenues less cost of gas, is a more useful and relevant measure to analyze financial performance. The term gross utility margin is not intended to represent or replace operating income, the most comparable GAAP financial measure, as an indicator of operating performance and is not necessarily comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. The following results of operations analyses will reference gross utility margin.

Three Months Ended June 30, 2020:

Net income increased by $68,023, or 6%, for the three months ended June 30, 2020, compared to the same period last year. Quarterly performance improved due to the earnings on the MVP investment, offset by reduced operating margin as a result of revisions to the estimated non-gas rate refund made during the same period last year.

The tables below reflect operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree-days.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Increase / (Decrease)		Percentage
Operating Revenues
Gas Utility	$	10,856,453	$	11,534,948	$	(678,495)	(6)	%
Non utility	215,465		148,002		67,463		46	%
Total Operating Revenues	$	11,071,918	$	11,682,950	$	(611,032)	(5)	%
Delivered Volumes
Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)
Residential and Commercial	949,845		760,514		189,331		25	%
Transportation and Interruptible	1,244,246		667,711		576,535		86	%
Total Delivered Volumes	2,194,091		1,428,225		765,866		54	%
HDD (Unofficial)	460		185		275		149	%

Total operating revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2020, compared to the same period last year, declined by 5% as lower natural gas commodity prices and a revision to last year's estimated provision for refund for the non-gas rate increase more than offset a 25% increase in residential and commercial volumes and a 95% increase in transportation volumes. The commodity price of natural gas decreased by 32%, more than offsetting the effect of higher non-transporting sales volumes. The average commodity price of natural gas for the current quarter fell to $1.70 per decatherm for the quarter compared to $2.50 per decatherm for the same period last year. Natural gas prices are expected to remain low due to abundant supplies and depressed demand as a result of the economic effects from COVID-19. Total residential and commercial volumes increased by 25% due to a 149% increase in heating degree days over the same period last year. After adjusting both periods for the WNA, the WNA adjusted volumes reflected a decline from the same period last year. A portion of the decline is related to the nature of the linear regression model to calculate the WNA adjustment, as the model assumes each heating degree day has an equal natural gas volume impact regardless of when the heating degree day occurs. The remainder of the difference reflects the economic effects that COVID-19 had on natural gas sales. Transportation and interruptible volumes increased by 86% related to one multi-fuel use industrial customer that, motivated by low natural gas prices, transitioned to natural gas as its current primary fuel source. Excluding this one customer, total deliveries in this category declined by 66,000 decatherms or 10%. The Company placed new non-gas base rates into effect for natural gas service rendered on or after January 1, 2019, subject to refund. The initial rates implemented in the prior year allocated approximately 80% of the non-gas rate increase to the customer base charge and approximately 20% to volumetric revenues. Based on subsequent discussions with the SCC staff, the Company adjusted its estimated provision for refund of non-gas rates in June 2019 to reflect non-gas rates that allocated 20% of the rate increase to the customer base charge and 80% to volumetric revenues. As a result, the 2019 fiscal third quarter reflected a larger volumetric revenue component and margin per decatherm when compared to the current quarter, while customer base charge reflects an overall increase over the same period last year due to the revision in the allocation of the non-

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gas rate increase. SAVE Plan revenues increased by $251,951 as the rates for the SAVE Plan reset effective January 1, 2019. Non-utility revenue increased due to higher demand for services during the quarter.

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Decrease		Percentage
Gross Utility Margin
Gas Utility Revenue	$	10,856,453	$	11,534,948	$	(678,495)	(6)	%
Cost of Gas - Utility	3,680,408		4,132,871		(452,463)		(11)	%
Gross Utility Margin	$	7,176,045	$	7,402,077	$	(226,032)	(3)	%

Gross utility margins decreased from the same period last year primarily as a result of the revised allocation of the non-gas rate increase in the prior year third quarter, combined with lower WNA adjusted volumes and the economic impact of COVID-19 on natural gas deliveries, more than offsetting the increase in natural gas usage by the one transportation customer discussed above. In June 2019, the non-gas rate increase was reallocated to be consistent with the SCC staff, resulting in an increase in volumetric revenues and a decrease in customer base charges during the prior year. As this adjustment took into account the six-month billing period from January 2019 through June 2019, the allocation of 80% of the increase to volumetric sales resulted in a greater increase in volumetric margin for the quarter than the corresponding reduction in margin related to lower customer base charge rates. The final order issued in January 2020, reflected an allocation consistent with the revisions made in June 2019. The WNA resulted in a reduction in margin of $503,615 during the quarter compared to a $461,315 increase in WNA margin for the same period last year as the weather was 39% colder than normal and 46% warmer than normal, respectively. SAVE Plan margin increased by $251,951 as the level of qualified SAVE infrastructure investment continues to increase since the reset of the SAVE Plan.

The components of and the change in gas utility margin are summarized below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Increase / (Decrease)
Customer Base Charge	$	3,613,710	$	2,616,903	$	996,807
Carrying Cost	50,671		70,485		(19,814)
SAVE Plan	348,434		96,483		251,951
Volumetric	3,660,793		4,140,562		(479,769)
WNA	(503,615)		461,315		(964,930)
Other Gas Revenues	6,052		16,329		(10,277)
Total	$	7,176,045	$	7,402,077	$	(226,032)

Operations and maintenance expenses were nearly unchanged from the same period last year as higher compensation costs, bad debt expense and professional services were offset by lower regulatory asset amortizations and corporate insurance related costs. Compensation costs increased by $80,000 primarily due to the vesting of officer stock awards and general salary adjustments. Bad debt expense increased by an additional $25,000 for the quarter even though gross billings declined by 20% for the quarter and 22% for the year. The increase in bad debt is in response to management's assessment of the continuing impact of COVID-19 and the SCC's order to suspend disconnection of service to all customers through August 31, 2020. Accounts receivable balances are continuing to age and past due amounts are currently at a higher level than for the same period last year. With the continuation of the moratorium to disconnect customers for non-payment, bad debt reserve balances are expected to continue to increase and be compounded by the continuing effects of COVID-19 on businesses and individuals. Professional services increased by $55,000 due to a variety of factors, including services related to union contract negotiations, consulting services on benefit plans and support on project evaluations. Regulatory asset amortization decreased by $127,000 related to prior year valuation adjustments. Corporate insurance costs declined $59,000 due to a smaller provision to related insurance deductibles.

General taxes increased by $32,460, or 7%, associated with higher property taxes. Property taxes continue to increase corresponding to higher utility property balances related to ongoing infrastructure replacement, system reinforcements and customer growth.

Depreciation expense increased by $83,030, or 4%, on an increase in utility plant investment.

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Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate increased by $428,381, or 55%, as the investment in MVP continues to increase.

Other income (expense), net increased by $58,523 primarily due to the $41,000 equity portion of AFUDC and the $25,000 decrease in the non-service components of net periodic benefit costs. In the final order on the Company's non-gas rate increase, the SCC allowed Roanoke Gas to defer financing costs related to the two natural gas transfer stations that will interconnect Roanoke Gas' distribution system with MVP, for potential recovery in future rate proceedings rather than providing a return on the investment under the approved non-gas rates.

Interest expense increased by $60,505, or 6%, due to a 28% increase in total average debt outstanding between quarters. The higher borrowing levels derived from the ongoing investment in MVP and financing expenditures in support of Roanoke Gas' capital budget are partially offset by a 14% reduction in the weighted average interest rate and capitalization of the interest component of AFUDC related to the two interconnect stations with the MVP.

Roanoke Gas' interest expense increased by $62,839 as total average debt outstanding increased by $10,300,000 associated with the issuance of a $10,000,000 unsecured note. The average interest rate decreased from 3.90% to 3.84% between periods. In addition, Roanoke Gas reduced interest expense related to the capitalization of $14,000 for the interest portion of AFUDC. The equity component of AFUDC is included in other income (expense), net.

Midstream's interest expense decreased by $2,334 as total average debt outstanding increased by $14,600,000 associated with cash investments in the MVP. However, the decline in the average interest rate from 3.69% to 2.52% related to the reduction in the variable interest rate on Midstream's credit facility more than offset the effect of increased debt balances.

Income tax expense increased by $56,982 corresponding to an increase in taxable income. The effective tax rate was 24.9% and 23.2% for the three month periods ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Both periods included the amortization of excess deferred taxes.

Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020:

Net income increased by $2,651,023, or 32%, for the nine months ended June 30, 2020, compared to the same period last year due to the impact of the non-gas rate increase and the earnings on the MVP investment, more than offsetting increases in non-gas expenses.

The tables below reflect operating revenues, volume activity and heating degree-days.

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Increase / (Decrease)		Percentage
Operating Revenues
Gas Utility	$	52,757,778	$	57,630,278	$	(4,872,500)	(8)	%
Non utility	537,324		544,378		(7,054)		(1)	%
Total Operating Revenues	$	53,295,102	$	58,174,656	$	(4,879,554)	(8)	%
Delivered Volumes
Regulated Natural Gas (DTH)
Residential and Commercial	5,874,218		6,408,144		(533,926)		(8)	%
Transportation and Interruptible	3,030,987		2,217,651		813,336		37	%
Total Delivered Volumes	8,905,205		8,625,795		279,410		3	%
HDD (Unofficial)	3,561		3,790		(229)		(6)	%

Operating revenues for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 declined from the same period last year due to a 8% reduction in residential and commercial volumes, lower natural gas commodity prices and reduced SAVE Plan revenue more than offsetting the increase in non-gas rates and higher transportation volumes. The weather sensitive residential and commercial natural gas deliveries declined by 8%, corresponding to a 6% decline in the number of heating degree days during the period. The average commodity price of natural gas delivered for the first nine months of fiscal 2020 was 31% per decatherm lower than the same period last year due to available supplies and higher storage levels from a mild winter. SAVE Plan revenues declined by $507,974 as the SAVE Rider reset effective January 1, 2019, and all qualifying SAVE Plan investments through December 31, 2018 were included in rate base and used to derive the new non-gas base rates. For the first three months of fiscal 2019, SAVE Plan revenues represented a return on an accumulation of 5 years of SAVE investment. Subsequent to January 1, 2019, the SAVE Plan investments reset and currently include only 1.5 years of qualifying investments on which to earn a return. As the Company placed into effect new interim non-gas base rates on January 1, 2019, revenues for the current fiscal year reflect the

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non-gas rate increase for the entire period, while the estimated non-gas rate increase was reflected in prior year revenues for the six month period beginning January 1, 2019. Transportation and industrial volumes increased 37% due to one multi-fuel use industrial customer increasing the use of natural gas in its production activities during the period. The extent and duration of the increased natural gas consumption by this customer is unknown.

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Increase / (Decrease)		Percentage
Gross Utility Margin
Gas Utility Revenue	$	52,757,778	$	57,630,278	$	(4,872,500)	(8)	%
Cost of Gas - Utility	20,531,211		28,810,668		(8,279,457)		(29)	%
Gross Utility Margin	$	32,226,567	$	28,819,610	$	3,406,957	12	%

Gross utility margins increased from the same period last year primarily as a result of the implementation of the non-gas base rate increase and higher WNA revenues, partially offset by a reduction in SAVE revenues. The new non-gas base rates were in effect for the entire fiscal 2020 period, while only in place since January 1, 2019 for last year. As a result, customer base charge revenues increased by $738,473, while volumetric margin increased by $1,720,869 attributable to 80% of the non-gas base rate increase being allocated to volumetric margin, net of the effect of lower residential and commercial volumes due to warmer weather and the effects from COVID-19. WNA margin increased by $963,147 as weather was nearly 9% warmer than normal compared to 3% warmer than normal for the same period last year and a full year implementation of the non-gas base rate increase in the WNA calculation. SAVE Plan revenues declined by $507,974 as all related SAVE investments were incorporated into the new non-gas base rates effective January 1, 2019. The prior year also included a reserve for excess revenues attributable to the reduction in income tax rates, which were refunded to customers. The current year has no such adjustment as the new non-gas rates incorporate the effect of lower federal income tax rates.

The components of and the change in gas utility margin are summarized below:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		Increase / (Decrease)
Customer Base Charge	$	10,805,138	$	10,066,665	$	738,473
Carrying Cost	291,712		345,052		(53,340)
SAVE Plan	819,046		1,327,020		(507,974)
Volumetric	18,898,658		17,177,789		1,720,869
WNA	1,313,540		350,393		963,147
Other Gas Revenues	98,473		76,572		21,901
Excess Revenue Refund	—		(523,881)		523,881
Total	$	32,226,567	$	28,819,610	$	3,406,957

Operations and maintenance expenses increased by $791,050, or 7%, from the same period last year related to the write-off of a portion of the ESAC regulatory assets and increases in compensation costs, cost of professional services and bad debt expense, partially offset by higher capitalized overheads. The final order on the Company's non-gas rate increase directed the Company to write-down $317,000 of ESAC assets that were not subject to recovery. The Company recorded the valuation adjustment in December 2019. Compensation costs increased by $294,000 primarily related to the vesting of officer stock awards. Professional services increased by $179,000 due to a variety of factors including legal assistance in the non-gas rate application, services related to union contract negotiations, network systems support, benefit plan consulting and project support activities. Bad debt expense increased by $102,000 related to COVID-19. With the continuation of the moratorium on terminating gas service on delinquent customers, delinquencies and corresponding bad debt expense are expected to continue in an upward trend. Capitalized overheads increased by $110,000 primarily due to timing of LNG production related to facility upgrades at the plant.

General taxes increased by $99,345, or 6%, primarily associated with higher property taxes on corresponding increases in utility property balances related to ongoing investment in the natural gas distribution facilities.

Depreciation expense increased by $248,801, or 4%, on an increase in utility property balances.

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RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate increased by $1,449,836, or 71%, as a result of AFUDC related to the increased investment in MVP.

Other income (expense), net increased by $286,463 primarily due to the $205,000 equity portion of AFUDC income, related to the two Roanoke Gas transfer stations that will interconnect with the MVP, and a $76,000 decrease in the non-service components of net periodic benefit costs. The Company recorded AFUDC based on activity retro-active to January 1, 2019, the effective date of the new non-gas rates.

Interest expense increased by $474,552, or 18%, due to a 29% increase in total average debt outstanding for the periods related to the ongoing investment in MVP and Roanoke Gas' infrastructure, partially offset by a reduction in the weighted average interest rate during the period.

Roanoke Gas interest expense increased by $281,941 as total average debt outstanding increased by $9,400,000 associated with debt issuance in December 2019. The average interest rate increased from 3.79% to 3.81% between periods. The increase in interest expense was mitigated by the capitalization of $67,000 for the interest portion of AFUDC as authorized by the SCC in the final order on the non-gas rate increase.

Midstream interest expense increased by $192,611 as total average debt outstanding increased by $15,900,000 associated with its investment in the MVP. The average interest rate decreased from 3.71% to 2.98% due to the decline in the variable interest rate on Midstream's credit facility and the entry into two separate notes with swap rates at 3.24% and 3.14%.

Income tax expense increased by $923,220, or 37%, on a corresponding increase in taxable income. The effective tax rate was 23.9% and 23.3% for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The consolidated financial statements of Resources are prepared in accordance with GAAP. The amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements are affected by accounting policies, estimates and assumptions that are necessary to comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Estimates used in the financial statements are derived from prior experience, statistical analysis and management judgments. Actual results may differ significantly from these estimates and assumptions.

The Company considers an estimate to be critical if it is either quantitatively or qualitatively material to the financial statements and requires assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was derived and changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to occur from period to period. The Company increased it provision for bad debts in anticipation of the economic fallout expected from COVID-19. The anticipated impact on customers from the virus and governmental restrictions, combined with the SCC orders prohibiting customer disconnection of utility service, is expected to result in rising customer delinquencies and higher bad debt expense, that could continue through, at least, the remainder of the calendar year. The Company's estimated reserve for bad debts is based on historical activity as well as the evaluation of information currently available, including any relevant trends. Management will continue to evaluate collectability of its receivables and revise its estimate of bad debts as more information becomes available.

The Company adopted 2016-02, Leases, and subsequent guidance and amendments effective October 1, 2019. The adoption of the ASU did not have a significant effect on the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows as the Company has only one lease, and management determined that the value of the lease obligation was de minimis. The Company does have easements for rights-of-way for its distribution system; however, all related costs associated with these have been paid in advance with no remaining obligation.

There have been no other changes to the critical accounting policies as reflected in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019.

Asset Management

Roanoke Gas uses a third-party asset manager to manage its pipeline transportation, storage rights and gas supply inventories and deliveries. In return for being able to utilize the excess capacities of the transportation and storage rights, the asset manager pays Roanoke Gas a monthly utilization fee. In accordance with an SCC order issued in 2018, a portion of the utilization fee is retained by the Company with the balance passed through to customers through reduced gas costs. The current asset manager contract has been renewed through March 31, 2022.

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Equity Investment in Mountain Valley Pipeline

On October 1, 2015, Midstream entered into an agreement to become a 1% member in the LLC. The purpose of the LLC is to construct and operate the MVP.

On November 19, 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a pro-rata increase in its participation in MVP. As a result, Midstream's equity interest will increase to approximately 1.03% by the time the pipeline is placed in service and the Company’s total estimated cash investment is expected to range from $57 to $59 million.

Management believes the investment in the LLC will be beneficial for the Company, its shareholders and southwest Virginia. In addition to Midstream's potential returns from its investment in the LLC, Roanoke Gas will benefit from this additional delivery source. Currently, Roanoke Gas is served by two pipelines and an LNG peak-shaving facility. Damage to or interruption in supply from any of these sources, especially during the winter heating season, could have a significant impact on the Company's ability to serve its customers. This additional capacity would reduce the impact from such an event as well as allow the Company to better meet both current and future demands for natural gas. In addition, the proposed pipeline path would provide the Company with a more economically feasible opportunity to provide natural gas service to currently unserved areas within its certificated service territory.

Total MVP project work is approximately 92% complete. Activity on the MVP has been limited this year to maintaining the infrastructure currently in place and restoration activities. The LLC is working to resolve pending legal and regulatory challenges to or otherwise affecting certain aspects of the project, including actively working with the respective regulatory bodies on the reissuance of water crossing permits that were vacated by the Fourth Circuit as well as the permit to cross a section of the Jefferson National Forest. Until such time as approval is granted, activity on the pipeline will be limited as most of the pipeline work not encompassed in the revoked permits has been completed.

On June 11, 2020, the LLC announced that it is targeting a full in-service date in early 2021 for the MVP project. In connection with the adjusted targeted in-service date, it is expected that the total costs for the MVP project may potentially increase by approximately 5% over the project’s $5.4 billion budget (excluding AFUDC) primarily due to the need to adapt to complex judicial decisions and regulatory changes. Completion of the project in accordance with these targets will require, among other things, timely issuance by the Department of the Interior’s Fish and Wildlife Service of a new Biological Opinion and Incidental Take Statement for the MVP project (and resolution of related litigation), receipt of authorizations from the Bureau of Land Management and U.S. Forest Service and the lifting of the stop work order issued by the FERC, and timely approval of the LLC’s pending Nationwide Permit 12 permits or utilization of alternative permitting authority and/or construction methods to cross streams and wetlands in a manner not requiring a Nationwide Permit 12. The delays in completing the project combined with the increased costs has reduced the expected return on investment.

Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement and amended the corresponding associated notes to increase the borrowing capacity under the credit facility from $26 million to $41 million and extend the maturity date to December 29, 2022. Under the amended agreement and notes, Midstream will have the financing capacity to meet its MVP funding requirements. If the legal and regulatory challenges are not resolved and/or restrictions are imposed by the government related to COVID-19 that impact future construction, the cost of the MVP and Midstream's capital contributions may increase above current estimates, additional financing may be required, and the in-service date may be extended beyond early 2021.

The current earnings from the MVP investment are attributable to AFUDC income generated by the deployment of capital in the design, engineering, materials procurement, project management and construction of the pipeline. AFUDC is an accounting method whereby the costs of debt and equity funds used to finance infrastructure construction are credited to income and charged to the cost of the project. The level of investment in MVP, as well as the AFUDC, will continue to grow as construction activities continue. When the pipeline is completed and placed into service, AFUDC will cease. Once operational, earnings will be derived from pipeline utilization capacity charges, per contract. It is expected that these future earnings will be below the level of current AFUDC recognized.

In 2018, Midstream became a participant in Southgate, a project to construct a 75-mile pipeline extending from the MVP mainline at the Transco interconnect in Virginia to delivery points in North Carolina. The FERC issued the CPCN for Southgate in June 2020. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the Southgate project and, based on current estimates, will invest approximately $2.1 million in Southgate. Midstream's participation in the Southgate project is for investment purposes only. Subject to approval by the FERC and other regulatory agencies, the Southgate project is targeted to be placed in-service in 2021.

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Regulatory and Tax Reform

On October 10, 2018, Roanoke Gas filed a general rate case application requesting an annual increase in customer non-gas base rates. This application incorporated into the non-gas base rates the impact of tax reform, non-SAVE utility plant investment, increased operating costs, recovery of regulatory assets, including all deferred ESAC related costs, and SAVE Plan investments and related costs previously recovered through the SAVE Rider. Approximately $4.7 million of the rate increase was attributable to moving the SAVE Plan related revenues into non-gas base rates. The new non-gas base rates were placed into effect for gas service rendered on or after January 1, 2019, subject to refund, pending audit by SCC staff, hearing and final order by the SCC.

Following the completion of the SCC staff audit and the issuance of the hearing examiner's report, the SCC issued its final order on January 24, 2020. The SCC order awarded Roanoke Gas an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million with approximately 80% of the increase allocated to the volumetric component of rates. The non-gas rate award provided for a 9.44% return on equity but excluded from rates, at the current time, a return on the investment of two interconnect stations with the MVP. In addition, the final order directed the Company to write-off a portion of ESAC assets that were excluded from recovery under the rate award. As a result, in the first quarter the Company expensed an additional $317,000 of ESAC assets above the normal amortization amount. Management submitted its rate design to reflect the increase of $7.25 million in non-gas rates, which was approved by the SCC at the end of January 2020. The Company completed the $3.8 million rate refund in March 2020.

As noted above, the SCC order excluded a return on investment of the two interconnect stations currently under construction that will connect the MVP pipeline into the Company's distribution system; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs of these investments for future recovery. After conferring with SCC staff regarding proper treatment, the Company now recognizes AFUDC to capitalize both the equity and debt financing costs incurred during the construction phases. The specific time period allowed for the recovery of these costs has yet to be determined; therefore, the Company has taken a conservative position and reflected only the amount of AFUDC incurred since January 1, 2019, the rate award's effective date. If the SCC concludes that the AFUDC applies to an earlier period, the Company will reflect it at that time. The condensed consolidated financial statements for the nine-month period ending June 30, 2020 include $272,000 in AFUDC income, with $205,000 reflected in other income (expense), net and $67,000 as an offset to interest expense.

On March 16, 2020, in response to COVID-19, the SCC issued an order applicable to all utilities operating in Virginia to suspend disconnection of service to all customers until May 15, 2020, which was subsequently extended to August 31, 2020. This order was effective on issuance and also prohibited utilities from assessing late payment fees. Under this order, the Company is unable to disconnect any customer for non-payment of their natural gas service. Therefore, customers that would normally be disconnected for non-payment will continue incurring costs for gas service during the moratorium, resulting in higher potential write-offs. While management expects to experience an increase in bad debts, due to COVID-19-related business closings and higher unemployment, the temporary prohibition to disconnect service will cause bad debts to increase to even higher levels. The Company has increased its provision for bad debts; however, the potential magnitude of the combined impact from the economy and the SCC order on bad debts continues to be uncertain. The Company supports the decision to suspend service disconnections in light of the current economic situation and will work with its customers in making arrangements to keep or bring their accounts current. On April 29, 2020, the SCC issued an order permitting regulated utilities in Virginia to defer certain incremental, prudently incurred costs associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. Management is evaluating this order and the potential application to the Company.

For the WNA year ended March 31, 2020, the Company accrued a total of $2.4 million for additional revenues due to warmer weather, of which $1.8 million was attributable to the current fiscal year. According to the provisions of the Company's WNA rate schedule, the Company submits its annual filing to the SCC for approval of rates to collect any revenue shortfall or refund any excess revenues, which must then be reflected in customers' bills between the months of May and August. However, due to the uncertainty related to COVID-19, management submitted a request to the SCC to delay the customer billing related to the WNA revenues. The Company believed that it was in the best interest of its customers to delay billing at that time. On April 14, 2020, the SCC issued an order granting the Company a waiver of the terms under the WNA rate schedule. As it became apparent that the pandemic would not end before the winter heating season, on June 15, 2020, the Company filed a motion with the SCC requesting that it be allowed to collect the WNA revenues beginning in July 2020 to ensure the WNA billing would be completed before the winter heating season. On June 17, 2020, the Commission granted the Company’s request and the Company began billing the WNA revenues during the three-month period beginning July 2020 through September 2020.

The general rate case application incorporated the effects of tax reform, which reduced the federal tax rate for the Company from 34% to 21%. Roanoke Gas recorded two regulatory liabilities to account for this change in the federal tax rate. The first regulatory liability related to the excess deferred taxes associated with the regulated operations of Roanoke Gas. As Roanoke

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Gas had a net deferred tax liability, the reduction in the federal tax rate required the revaluation of these excess deferred income taxes to the 21% rate at which the deferred taxes are expected to reverse. The excess net deferred tax liability for Roanoke Gas' regulated operations was transferred to a regulatory liability, while the revaluation of excess deferred taxes on the unregulated operations of the Company were flowed into income tax expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2018. A majority of the regulatory liability for excess deferred taxes was attributable to accelerated tax depreciation related to utility property. In order to comply with the IRS normalization rules, these excess deferred income taxes must be flowed back to customers and through tax expense based on the average remaining life of the corresponding assets, which approximates 28 years. The corresponding balances related to the excess deferred taxes are included in the regulatory liability schedule in Note 14 of the condensed consolidated financial statements in Item 1 of this filing.

The second regulatory liability relates to the excess revenues collected from customers. The non-gas base rates used since the passage of the TCJA in December 2017 through December 2018 were derived from a 34% federal tax rate. As a result, the Company over-recovered from its customers the difference between the federal tax rate at 34% and the 24.3% blended rate in fiscal 2018 and 21% in fiscal 2019. To comply with an SCC directive issued in January 2018, Roanoke Gas recorded a refund for the excess revenues collected in fiscal 2018 and the first quarter of fiscal 2019. Starting with the implementation of the new non-gas base rates in January 2019, Roanoke Gas began returning the excess revenues to customers over a 12-month period. The refund of the excess revenues was completed in December 2019.

The Company continues to recover the costs of its infrastructure replacement program through its SAVE Plan. The original SAVE Plan was designed to facilitate the accelerated replacement of aging natural gas pipe by providing a mechanism for the Company to recover the related depreciation and expenses including a return on qualifying capital investment without the filing of a non-gas base rate application. Since the implementation and approval of the original SAVE Plan in 2012, the Company has modified, amended or updated its SAVE Plan each year to incorporate various qualifying projects. In May 2020, the Company filed its most recent SAVE application with the SCC to further amend its SAVE Plan and for approval of a SAVE Rider for the period October 2020 through September 2021. In its application, the Company requested to continue to recover the costs of the replacement of pre-1973 plastic pipe. In addition, the Company requested to include the replacement of certain regulator stations and pre-1971 coated steel pipe as qualifying SAVE projects. The 2021 SAVE Rider is designed to collect approximately $2.3 million, an increase of approximately $1.2 million in annual revenues above the existing SAVE Rider. The Company’s SAVE Plan application also seeks to return approximately $73,000 to customers for the over-collection in revenues that occurred in fiscal 2019. The application is currently pending with the SCC.

Capital Resources and Liquidity

Due to the capital intensive nature of the utility business, as well as the related weather sensitivity, the Company’s primary capital needs are the funding of its utility plant capital projects, investment in the MVP, the seasonal funding of its natural gas inventories and accounts receivable and the payment of dividends. To meet these needs, the Company relies on its operating cash flows, line-of-credit agreement, long-term debt and equity capital.

Cash and cash equivalents decreased by $430,143 for the nine-month period ended June 30, 2020, compared to a $990,934 increase for the same period last year. The following table summarizes the sources and uses of cash:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019
Cash Flow Summary
Net cash provided by operating activities	$	12,826,099	$	16,586,517
Net cash used in investing activities	(23,506,062)		(33,296,103)
Net cash provided by financing activities	10,249,820		17,700,520
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents	$	(430,143)	$	990,934

The seasonal nature of the natural gas business causes operating cash flows to fluctuate significantly during the year as well as from year to year. Factors, including weather, energy prices, natural gas storage levels and customer collections, contribute to working capital levels and related cash flows. Generally, operating cash flows are positive during the fiscal second and third quarters as a combination of earnings, declining storage gas levels and collections on customer accounts all contribute to higher cash levels. During the fiscal first and fourth quarters, operating cash flows generally decrease due to increases in natural gas storage levels, rising customer receivable balances and construction activity.

34

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Cash flow from operating activities for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 decreased by $3,760,418 from the same period in the prior year. The decrease in cash flow provided by operations was primarily driven by changes in regulatory assets and liabilities, net of the effects of net income, accounts receivable and accounts payable.

Changes in regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities, specifically the accrued WNA, PGA and rate refund balances, were the primary drivers of the period over period decrease in cash flows provided by operating activities. Though the SCC issued its final order in January 2020, Roanoke Gas had been billing its customers using interim billing rates since January 2019; therefore, during this time the Company accrued an estimated rate refund for the amount due to customers for the difference between total customer billings at interim rates versus total customer billings at projected final rates. Following SCC approval of final non-gas rates, Roanoke Gas issued refunds in March 2020 to all customers that had been billed at interim rates since January 2019. During the nine-month period ending June 30, 2019, the estimated rate refund increased by $1.5 million thereby providing cash for operations. In contrast, the distribution of the rate refund to customers during the current nine-month period reduced cash available for operations by $3.8 million, resulting in a total net reduction of cash between periods of $5.3 million. As noted in the Regulatory and Tax Reform section above, the Company petitioned the SCC to delay the billing of the $2.4 million WNA receivable at March 31, 2020. The related increase in the WNA receivable balance resulted in a decrease in operating cash of approximately $1.0 million when compared to the same nine-month period in the prior year. The year-over-year change in the PGA resulted in a $3.0 million decrease in cash provided by operations. At September 30, 2018, the Company's PGA was in an under-collected, or receivable, position of approximately $0.9 million. Commodity prices continued to decrease throughout the nine-month period ended June 30, 2019, outpacing the adjustments to the PGA factor and driving an over-collection, or payable, position of $2.2 million at period end, which resulted in a $3.1 million decrease in operating cash. PGA activity was less volatile during the nine-month period ending June 30, 2020, providing an operating cash increase of $0.1 million and netting against the $3.1 million decrease of the prior year.

The aforementioned decreases in operating cash were partially offset by increases generated by net income, accounts receivable and accounts payable. Net income, net of equity in earnings and AFUDC, and depreciation contributed more than $1.2 million in cash as compared to the same period last year. This increase was primarily driven by the January 2019 increase in non-gas base rates, as adjusted in January 2020 per the SCC's final order. The timing of when the non-gas base rate increase was implemented results in the current year being impacted for a full nine-months versus only six-months in the prior year. Accounts receivable reflected a $0.1 million decrease during the current year related to lower gas commodity costs, a warmer heating season, the application of the rate refund to customer balances in March 2020 and the delay in WNA billings. When compared to the $1.4 million increase in accounts receivable balances during the same period of fiscal 2019, it results in an increase in operating cash flows of $1.5 million. Accounts payable reductions, driven by declining natural gas commodity prices, provided over $1.0 million in operating cash period over period.

A summary of the cash provided by operations is provided below:

	Nine Months Ended June 30,
Cash Flow From Operating Activities:	2020		2019		Increase (Decrease)
Net income	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807	$	2,651,023
Depreciation	6,143,085		5,821,417		321,668
Equity in earnings	(3,488,253)		(2,038,417)		(1,449,836)
AFUDC	(272,108)		—		(272,108)
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable	122,005		(1,409,234)		1,531,239
Increase in WNA - regulatory assets	(1,313,541)		(297,459)		(1,016,082)
Decrease in accounts payable	(22,445)		(1,057,932)		1,035,487
Increase in over-collections of gas cost - regulatory liabilities	102,546		3,079,834		(2,977,288)
Increase (decrease) in rate refund - regulatory liabilities	(3,827,588)		1,444,807		(5,272,395)
Deferred taxes	1,121,176		(290,705)		1,411,881
Other	3,367,392		3,091,399		275,993
Net Cash Provided by Operations	$	12,826,099	$	16,586,517	$	(3,760,418)

Investing activities are generally composed of expenditures related to investment in the Company's utility plant projects, which includes replacing aging natural gas pipe with new plastic or coated steel pipe, improvements to the LNG peak shaving plant and distribution system facilities, expanding the natural gas system to meet the demands of customer growth, as well as the continued investment in the MVP. The Company is continuing its focus on SAVE infrastructure replacement projects

35

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

including the replacement of pre-1973 first generation plastic pipe and extending the natural gas distribution system to unserved areas within the service territory. In addition, the Company is constructing two interconnect stations to access the MVP, which will provide additional gas supply to the Company's distribution system as well as expand gas service into currently unserved areas of Franklin County, Virginia. Total capital expenditures for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 were $17.0 million, compared to $16.6 million during same period last year. Capital expenditures for fiscal 2020 are expected to be near last year's level of approximately $22 million.

Investing cash flows also include the Company's continued funding of its participation in the MVP, with a total cash investment of $6.6 million for the nine months ended June 30, 2020, or $10.1 million less than the corresponding period last year. Total cash investment is expected to be in excess of $57 million for the MVP and $2 million for the Southgate project at the time they are placed into service.

Financing activities generally consist of long-term notes payable and line-of-credit borrowings and repayments, issuance of stock and the payment of dividends. Net cash flows provided by financing activities were $10.2 million, for the nine months ended June 30, 2020, compared to $17.7 million in the same period last year. The decrease in financing cash flows is primarily attributable to reduced capital contributions by Midstream for the MVP investment. During the nine-month period ended June 30, 2020, Midstream borrowed $8.3 million to finance its investment in MVP, compared to $17.6 million for the same period last year. Roanoke Gas also issued $10 million in fixed rate notes in the first half of both fiscal 2020 and 2019, which served to refinance a portion of the line-of-credit balance to provide longer-term funding for its capital expenditures. On March 26, 2020, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire March 31, 2021. The new agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2022 with a maximum borrowing limit of $28,000,000. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company. The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $3,000,000 to $28,000,000.

At the Company's annual meeting, held on February 3, 2020, Resources shareholders approved an amendment to the Articles of Incorporation that increased the total number of authorized common shares from 10 million to 20 million. The amendment became effective on February 4, 2020.

On February 14, 2020, Resources filed a prospectus with the SEC utilizing a shelf registration process where the Company may sell shares of common stock, in one or more offerings, of an aggregate amount up to $40,000,000. The prospectus was filed including a supplement allowing the Company to offer a portion of these shares, up to an aggregate of $15,000,000, utilizing the at the market ("ATM") approach as defined in Rule 415 under the Securities Act. The ATM approach allows Resources flexibility in the frequency, timing and amount of share offerings in supplementing its capital funding needs. As of June 30, 2020, no shares had been issued through the ATM.

On December 23, 2019, Midstream amended the credit agreement and corresponding notes that finance its MVP investment. The amended agreement increased the total borrowing capacity under the credit facility to $41,000,000 from its previous limit of $26,000,000 and extended the maturity date to December 29, 2022. The increased limits will allow Midstream to continue funding its investment in MVP until the pipeline is currently projected to be in service. The amendment retained all of the other provisions contained in the previous credit agreements and amendments including the interest rate on the Notes based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000. These notes have a 10-year term with a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. Proceeds from these notes will be used to provide longer-term financing of Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

Management regularly evaluates the Company’s liquidity through a review of its available financing resources. This evaluation has become even more critical due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Management expects to see reductions in its operating cash flows due to expected declines in natural gas consumption and a rise in customer delinquencies and bad debts; however, management believes it has positioned the Company with the financing resources to meet its cash requirements over the next year. The new line-of-credit agreement will continue to provide the needed working capital and the ATM program will allow for supplemental equity funding as market conditions allow. Furthermore, the Company can adjust Roanoke Gas’ capital spending to reduce funding requirements if necessary. In combination, all of these factors should allow the Company to continue to operate effectively and meet its obligations as they occur.

As of June 30, 2020, Resources' long-term capitalization ratio was 44% equity and 56% debt.

36

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 3 – QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The Company is exposed to market risks associated with interest rates and commodity prices. Interest rate risk is related to the Company’s outstanding variable rate debt including Roanoke Gas' line-of-credit and the Midstream credit facility. Commodity price risk is experienced by the Company’s regulated natural gas operations. The Company’s risk management policy, as authorized by the Company’s Board of Directors, allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing commodity and financial market risks of its business operations.

Interest Rate Risk

The Company is exposed to market risk related to changes in interest rates associated with its borrowing activities. At June 30, 2020, the Company had $2,858,130 outstanding balance under its variable rate line-of-credit with an average balance outstanding during the nine-month period of $2,814,826. The Company also had $24,310,200 outstanding under Midstream's variable-rate term credit facility. A hypothetical 100 basis point increase in market interest rates applicable to the Company’s variable-rate debt outstanding during the nine months ended June 30, 2020 would have resulted in an increase of approximately $187,000 in interest expense for the period. The Company's other long-term debt is at fixed rates or is hedged with interest rate swaps.

Commodity Price Risk

The Company manages the price risk associated with purchases of natural gas by using a combination of LNG storage, underground storage gas, fixed price contracts, spot market purchases and derivative commodity instruments including futures, price caps, swaps and collars.

At June 30, 2020, the Company had no outstanding derivative instruments to hedge the price of natural gas. The Company has commitments to purchase 2.8 million decatherms of natural gas over the next 12 months at fixed prices ranging from $1.77 to $2.62 per decatherm. The Company had 1,474,031 decatherms of gas in storage, including LNG, at an average price of $2.34 per decatherm, compared to 1,421,367 decatherms at an average price of $2.92 per decatherm last year. The SCC currently allows for full recovery of prudent costs associated with natural gas purchases, as any additional costs or benefits associated with the settlement of derivative contracts and other price hedging techniques are passed through to customers when realized through the PGA mechanism.

37

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 4 – CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) that are designed to be effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed in reports under the Exchange Act are identified, recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Through June 30, 2020, the Company has evaluated, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based upon that evaluation, the chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2020.

Management routinely reviews the Company’s internal control over financial reporting and makes changes, as necessary, to enhance the effectiveness of the internal controls. There were no control changes during the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2020, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

38

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Part II – Other Information

ITEM 1 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

No material proceedings.

ITEM 1A – RISK FACTORS

The Company has added the following risk factor to those previously disclosed in Resources' Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019.

Pandemic Outbreak

A pandemic event such as COVID-19 or other similar diseases could cause a significant economic restriction or recession negatively impacting the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Depending on the duration of these impacts, the liquidity of the Company could be strained, reducing the Company’s ability to complete infrastructure investments and its ability to safely and reliably serve its customers.

Impact from commercial customers: In an effort to reduce the spread of disease, businesses, either on their own or by government mandates, may close or reduce operations to limit contact with the contagion.  A reduction in business activity could result in lower natural gas consumption for both production activities as well as space heating, thereby reducing our revenues and gross profit.  The closing or reduction in operations by businesses, whether temporary or prolonged, could result in a permanent loss of some commercial customers. 

Impact from residential customers: The closing of businesses may result in job layoffs or other reductions in employee numbers, thus reducing or eliminating customers’ ability to pay their utility bills and resulting in increased bad debt expenses.

Impact on suppliers: A pandemic event could reduce the ability of the Company’s suppliers to supply a sufficient level of natural gas limiting our ability to meet customer demands. 

Impact to our employees: Orders by government bodies could result in employees of the Company being required to limit contact with our customers or work remotely, thus not allowing them to complete tasks normally requiring a physical presence.  Also, if a significant number of employees were to contract the virus or be quarantined, the Company may not be able to complete key or critical tasks, not limited to, but including key financial, reporting, and operational controls.

Impact from SCC actions: The SCC could issue orders in response to a pandemic event that result in increased regulatory oversight, operational mandates or restrictions on normal business activities. Any such action could result in increased operating costs or other financial or operational burdens that may negatively impact the Company's results of operations or financial position.

Impact on financing capabilities: A prolonged economic shutdown due to a pandemic could stress the banking system, thereby limiting the Company’s ability to obtain financing on favorable terms, which could lead to higher interest expense. Furthermore, a distressed equity market could limit the availability of equity capital through the issuance of Resources stock due to depressed prices and low trading volumes.

ITEM 2 – UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3 – DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4 – MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5 – OTHER INFORMATION

None.

39

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

ITEM 6 – EXHIBITS

Number	Description
10.1	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Paul W. Nester effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
10.2	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Randall P. Burton, II effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
10.3	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Robert L. Wells, II effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
10.4	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Carl J. Shockley, Jr. effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
10.5	Change in Control Agreement between RGC Resources, Inc. and Mr. Lawrence T. Oliver effective May 1, 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
10.6	Amendment No. 1 to Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement between Roanoke Gas Company and Sequent Energy Management LP dated July 31, 2020
14	Revised Code of Ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the Registrant's current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 29, 2020)
31.1	Rule 13a–14(a)/15d–14(a) Certification of Principal Executive Officer
31.2	Rule 13a–14(a)/15d–14(a) Certification of Principal Financial Officer
32.1*	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Executive Officer
32.2*	Section 1350 Certification of Principal Financial Officer
101	The following materials from the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the three months and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the three months and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the three months and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019; (v) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019; and (vi) Condensed Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

* These certifications are being furnished solely to accompany this quarterly report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, and are not being filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are not to be incorporated by reference into any filing of the Registrant, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

40

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		RGC Resources, Inc.
Date: August 5, 2020	By:	/s/ Randall P. Burton, II
		Randall P. Burton, II
		Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and CFO
		(Principal Financial Officer)

41

EX-10.6

AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO

NATURAL GAS ASSET MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

THIS AMENDMENT NO. 1 TO NATURAL GAS ASSET MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT, dated July 31, 2020 (this “Amendment”),is by and between Roanoke Gas Company ("Counterparty"), a Virginia corporation, and Sequent Energy Management, L.P. (“Manager”), a Georgia limited partnership. Manager and Counterparty are sometimes referred to herein collectively as the “Parties.”

RECITALS

WHEREAS, Manager and Counterparty are parties to that certain Natural Gas Asset Management Agreement, dated April 1, 2018 (the “Agreement”);

WHEREAS, Manager and Counterparty desire to renew the Agreement for twelve (12) months at the end of the Term pursuant to Section 9.01 of the Agreement; and

WHEREAS, in connection with such renewal, Manager and Counterparty desire to amend the Agreement on the terms and subject to the conditions set forth below.

AGREEMENT

NOW, THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual premises, covenants and agreements hereinafter set forth, the Parties agree to amend the Agreement as follows:

1. Defined Terms. All initially capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Agreement.

2. Effective Date. The effective date of this Amendment shall be April 1, 2021 (the “Effective Date”).

3. Renewal. Subject to the terms set for herein, the Parties hereby agree that the Agreement will be renewed for twelve (12) months at the end of the Term (through March 31, 2022) and that this Amendment constitutes each Party’s written notification to the other Party of its intent to renew pursuant to Section 9.01 of the Agreement.

4. Amendment to the Agreement. As of the Effective Date, Exhibit M (Utilization Fee) of the Agreement will be deleted in its entirety and be replaced with the attached Exhibit M (Utilization Fee).

5. No Other Amendments. Except as set forth herein, the Agreement remains in full force and effect on the terms expressed therein.

6. Counterparts. This Amendment may be executed and delivered in counterparts, each ofwhich shall be deemed to be an original and which may be transmitted in an electronic format (such as a PDF file).

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned Parties have caused this Amendment to be duly executed by their respective officers and representatives duly authorized as of the day and year first above written.

SEQUENT ENERGY MANAGEMENT, L.P.	ROANOKE gas company
By: /s/: Marshall Lang	By: /s/: Paul W. Nester
Name: Marshall Lang	Name: Paul W. Nester
Title: President	Title: President and CEO

2

EX-31.1

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, Paul W. Nester, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of RGC Resources, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 5, 2020	/s/ Paul W. Nester
	President and Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

EX-31.2

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Randall P. Burton, II, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of RGC Resources, Inc.;

2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: August 5, 2020	/s/ Randall P. Burton, II
	Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

EX-32.1

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Paul W. Nester, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)The report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Paul W. Nester

Paul W. Nester

President and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: August 5, 2020

EX-32.2

RGC RESOURCES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350,

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of RGC Resources, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2020 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Randall P. Burton, II, Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify to my knowledge, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)The report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ Randall P. Burton, II

Randall P. Burton, II

Vice President, Secretary, Treasurer and Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: August 5, 2020

XML

Cover - shares	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jul. 31, 2020
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Period End Date	Jun. 30, 2020
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	000-26591
Entity Registrant Name	RGC Resources, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	VA
Entity Tax Identification Number	54-1909697
Entity Address, Address Line One	519 Kimball Ave., N.E.,
Entity Address, City or Town	Roanoke,
Entity Address, State or Province	VA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	24016
City Area Code	(540)
Local Phone Number	777-4427
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $5 Par Value
Trading Symbol	RGCO
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Non-accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	true
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		8,149,985
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2020
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q3
Entity Central Index Key	0001069533
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
CURRENT ASSETS:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,201,205	$ 1,631,348
Accounts receivable (less allowance for uncollectibles of $562,698 and $110,743, respectively)	3,296,251	3,870,211
Materials and supplies	1,001,929	1,021,882
Gas in storage	3,451,588	6,448,307
Prepaid income taxes	0	1,157,980
Regulatory assets	2,298,890	1,521,939
Other	1,295,649	733,525
Total current assets	12,545,512	16,385,192
UTILITY PROPERTY:
In service	247,110,539	237,786,964
Accumulated depreciation and amortization	(70,898,572)	(67,207,334)
In service, net	176,211,967	170,579,630
Construction work in progress	17,837,998	11,423,326
Utility plant, net	194,049,965	182,002,956
OTHER ASSETS:
Regulatory assets	11,604,142	12,178,853
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	54,856,710	47,375,459
Other	284,429	411,236
Other	66,745,281	59,965,548
TOTAL ASSETS	273,340,758	258,353,696
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
Dividends payable	1,426,247	1,339,522
Accounts payable	4,150,305	4,483,233
Capital contributions payable	2,427,398	5,024,824
Customer credit balances	1,133,566	880,295
Income taxes payable	352,325	0
Customer deposits	1,652,387	1,432,031
Accrued expenses	2,578,809	3,448,000
Interest rate swaps	531,698	147,556
Regulatory liabilities	817,437	4,877,603
Total current liabilities	15,070,172	21,633,064
LONG-TERM DEBT:
Notes payable	113,810,200	95,512,200
Line-of-credit	2,858,130	8,172,473
Less unamortized debt issuance costs	(321,363)	(313,315)
Long-term debt, net	116,346,967	103,371,358
DEFERRED CREDITS AND OTHER LIABILITIES:
Interest rate swaps	1,817,424	746,785
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745	6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824	11,892,352
Benefit plan liabilities	5,761,734	6,912,105
Deferred income taxes	13,742,696	12,978,523
Regulatory liabilities	10,748,044	10,934,434
Total deferred credits and other liabilities	51,672,467	50,252,882
STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
Common stock, $5 par value; authorized 20,000,000 and 10,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 8,147,437 and 8,073,264 shares, respectively	40,737,185	40,366,320
Preferred stock, no par, authorized 5,000,000 shares; no shares issued and outstanding	0	0
Capital in excess of par value	15,586,761	14,397,072
Retained earnings	37,446,071	30,821,917
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(3,518,865)	(2,488,917)
Total stockholders’ equity	90,251,152	83,096,392
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$ 273,340,758	$ 258,353,696

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Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]
Accounts receivable, allowance for uncollectibles	$ 562,698	$ 110,743
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 5	$ 5
Common stock, shares authorized	20,000,000	10,000,000
Common stock, shares issued	8,147,437	8,073,264
Common stock, shares outstanding	8,147,437	8,073,264
Preferred stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares authorized	5,000,000	5,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued	0	0
Preferred stock, shares outstanding	0	0

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	$ 11,071,918	$ 11,682,950	$ 53,295,102	$ 58,174,656
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Operations and maintenance	3,426,231	3,426,717	11,453,850	10,662,800
General taxes	527,418	494,958	1,658,528	1,559,183
Depreciation and amortization	1,988,505	1,905,475	5,965,226	5,716,425
Total operating expenses	9,736,255	10,045,893	39,877,844	47,069,894
OPERATING INCOME	1,335,663	1,637,057	13,417,258	11,104,762
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,205,574	777,193	3,488,253	2,038,417
Other income (expense), net	52,556	(5,967)	528,091	241,628
Interest expense	986,203	925,698	3,109,681	2,635,129
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES	1,607,590	1,482,585	14,323,921	10,749,678
INCOME TAX EXPENSE	401,012	344,030	3,430,091	2,506,871
NET INCOME	$ 1,206,578	$ 1,138,555	$ 10,893,830	$ 8,242,807
BASIC EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15	$ 0.14	$ 1.34	$ 1.03
DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE (in dollars per share)	0.15	0.14	1.34	1.02
DIVIDENDS DECLARED PER COMMON SHARE (in dollars per share)	$ 0.175	$ 0.165	$ 0.525	$ 0.495
Gas Utility [Member]
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	$ 10,856,453	$ 11,534,948	$ 52,757,778	$ 57,630,278
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas and sales	3,680,408	4,132,871	20,531,211	28,810,668
Non Utility [Member]
OPERATING REVENUES:
Operating revenues	215,465	148,002	537,324	544,378
OPERATING EXPENSES:
Cost of gas and sales	$ 113,693	$ 85,872	$ 269,029	$ 320,818

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
NET INCOME	$ 1,206,578	$ 1,138,555	$ 10,893,830	$ 8,242,807
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Interest rate swaps	(126,800)		(1,080,321)
Interest rate swaps		(457,899)		(583,423)
Defined benefit plans	16,791	(1,913)	50,373	(5,739)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(110,009)	(459,812)	(1,029,948)	(589,162)
COMPREHENSIVE INCOME	$ 1,096,569	$ 678,743	$ 9,863,882	$ 7,653,645

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity - USD ($)	Total	Common Stock [Member]	Capital in Excess of Par Value [Member]	Retained Earnings [Member]	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Balance at beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2018	$ 79,583,112	$ 39,973,075	$ 13,043,656	$ 27,438,049	$ (871,668)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	2,434,162			2,434,162
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(83,316)				(83,316)
Cash dividends declared	(1,322,335)			(1,322,335)
Issuance of common stock	348,117	85,175	262,942
Balance at end of period at Dec. 31, 2018	80,959,740	40,058,250	13,306,598	28,549,876	(954,984)
Balance at beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2018	79,583,112	39,973,075	13,043,656	27,438,049	(871,668)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	8,242,807
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(589,162)
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2019	84,736,935	40,319,785	14,179,376	31,698,604	(1,460,830)
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2018	80,959,740	40,058,250	13,306,598	28,549,876	(954,984)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	4,670,090			4,670,090
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(46,034)				(46,034)
Cash dividends declared	(1,329,178)			(1,329,178)
Issuance of common stock	719,899	158,110	561,789
Balance at end of period at Mar. 31, 2019	84,974,517	40,216,360	13,868,387	31,890,788	(1,001,018)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	1,138,555			1,138,555
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(459,812)				(459,812)
Cash dividends declared	(1,330,739)			(1,330,739)
Issuance of common stock	414,414	103,425	310,989
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2019	84,736,935	40,319,785	14,179,376	31,698,604	(1,460,830)
Balance at beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2019	83,096,392	40,366,320	14,397,072	30,821,917	(2,488,917)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	4,006,936			4,006,936
Other comprehensive income (loss)	279,844				279,844
Cash dividends declared	(1,419,236)			(1,419,236)
Issuance of common stock	395,199	90,265	304,934
Balance at end of period at Dec. 31, 2019	86,359,135	40,456,585	14,702,006	33,409,617	(2,209,073)
Balance at beginning of period at Sep. 30, 2019	83,096,392	40,366,320	14,397,072	30,821,917	(2,488,917)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	10,893,830
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,029,948)
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2020	90,251,152	40,737,185	15,586,761	37,446,071	(3,518,865)
Balance at beginning of period at Dec. 31, 2019	86,359,135	40,456,585	14,702,006	33,409,617	(2,209,073)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	5,680,316			5,680,316
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,199,783)				(1,199,783)
Cash dividends declared	(1,424,192)			(1,424,192)
Issuance of common stock	901,871	228,140	673,731
Balance at end of period at Mar. 31, 2020	90,317,347	40,684,725	15,375,737	37,665,741	(3,408,856)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Net income	1,206,578			1,206,578
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(110,009)				(110,009)
Stock option grants	40,692		40,692
Cash dividends declared	(1,426,248)			(1,426,248)
Issuance of common stock	222,792	52,460	170,332
Balance at end of period at Jun. 30, 2020	$ 90,251,152	$ 40,737,185	$ 15,586,761	$ 37,446,071	$ (3,518,865)

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends declared per share (in dollars per share)	$ 0.175	$ 0.175	$ 0.175	$ 0.165	$ 0.165	$ 0.165
Common stock issued (in shares)	10,492	45,628	18,053	20,685	31,622	17,035

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income	$ 10,893,830	$ 8,242,807
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	6,143,085	5,821,417
Cost of retirement of utility plant, net	(391,297)	(285,489)
Stock option grants		0
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	(3,488,253)	(2,038,417)
Allowance for funds used during construction	(272,108)	0
Changes in assets and liabilities which provided (used) cash, exclusive of changes and noncash transactions shown separately	(99,850)	4,846,199
Net cash provided by operating activities	12,826,099	16,586,517
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Expenditures for utility property	(16,969,559)	(16,646,978)
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	(6,590,424)	(16,650,944)
Proceeds from disposal of utility property	53,921	1,819
Net cash used in investing activities	(23,506,062)	(33,296,103)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Proceeds from issuance of unsecured notes	18,298,000	51,559,000
Retirements of notes payable	0	(24,000,000)
Borrowings under line-of-credit	14,096,520	23,308,642
Repayments under line-of-credit	(19,410,863)	(30,669,659)
Debt issuance expenses	(70,750)	(92,856)
Proceeds from issuance of stock	1,519,862	1,482,430
Cash dividends paid	(4,182,949)	(3,887,037)
Net cash provided by financing activities	10,249,820	17,700,520
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS	(430,143)	990,934
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT BEGINNING OF YEAR	1,631,348	247,411
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT END OF YEAR	1,201,205	1,238,345
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Interest	3,357,737	2,725,248
Income taxes	$ 985,000	$ 1,951,000

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Basis of Presentation

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy and Midstream.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary to fairly present Resources' financial position as of June 30, 2020, cash flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations, comprehensive income, and changes in stockholders' equity for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 are not indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020 as quarterly earnings are affected by the highly seasonal nature of the business and weather conditions generally result in greater earnings during the winter months.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes are presented as permitted under the rules and regulations of the SEC. Pursuant to those rules, certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information not misleading. Therefore, the condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019. The September 30, 2019 consolidated balance sheet was included in the Company’s audited financial statements included in Form 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019.

On March 12, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the Exchange Act that, among other things, revised the definition of an accelerated filer. As a result, Resources now qualifies as both a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease calls for quarterly payments in the amount of $3,240 and is set to expire in September 2021. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, the ASU only modifies disclosure requirements and will not effect financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. Management has not yet completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, as the Company has several contracts and hedging relationships that currently reference LIBOR, this new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the period through which the ASU is effective.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Revenue

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Revenue

RevenueThe Company assesses new contracts and identifies related performance obligations for promises to transfer distinct goods or services to the customer. Revenue is recognized when performance obligations have been satisfied. In the case of Roanoke Gas, the Company contracts with its customers for the sale and/or delivery of natural gas.

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification:

	Three months ended June 30, 2020						Three months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	6,682,586	$	—	$	6,682,586	$	5,798,846	$	—	$	5,798,846
Commercial	3,157,873		—		3,157,873		4,116,695		—		4,116,695
Industrial and Transportation	1,401,775		—		1,401,775		1,098,393		—		1,098,393
Other	56,723		215,465		272,188		86,714		148,002		234,716
Total contracts with customers	11,298,957		215,465		11,514,422		11,100,648		148,002		11,248,650
Alternative Revenue Programs	(442,504)		—		(442,504)		434,300		—		434,300
Total operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	215,465	$	11,071,918	$	11,534,948	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
	Nine months ended June 30, 2020						Nine months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	31,859,828	$	—	$	31,859,828	$	34,263,845	$	—	$	34,263,845
Commercial	15,260,652		—		15,260,652		19,772,433		—		19,772,433
Industrial and Transportation	3,972,444		—		3,972,444		3,563,505		—		3,563,505
Revenue reductions (TCJA) (1)	—		—		—		(523,881)		—		(523,881)
Other	390,184		537,324		927,508		421,624		544,378		966,002
Total contracts with customers	51,483,108		537,324		52,020,432		57,497,526		544,378		58,041,904
Alternative Revenue Programs	1,274,670		—		1,274,670		132,752		—		132,752
Total operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	537,324	$	53,295,102	$	57,630,278	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
(1) Accrued refund associated with excess revenue collected in tariff rates associated with the reduction in federal income tax rates.

Gas utility revenues

Substantially all Roanoke Gas revenues are derived from rates authorized by the SCC as reflected in its tariffs. Based on its evaluation, the Company has concluded that these tariff-based revenues fall within the scope of ASC 606. Tariff rates represent the transaction price. Performance obligations created under these tariff-based sales include commodity (the cost of natural gas sold to customers) and delivery (transporting natural gas through the Company’s distribution system to customers). The delivery of natural gas to customers results in the satisfaction of the Company’s respective performance obligations over time.

All customers are billed monthly based on consumption as measured by metered usage. Revenue is recognized as bills are issued for natural gas that has been delivered or transported. In addition, the Company utilizes the practical expedient that allows an entity to recognize the invoiced amount as revenue, if that amount corresponds to the value received by the customer. Since customers are billed tariff rates, there is no variable consideration in the transaction price.

Unbilled revenue is included in residential and commercial revenues above. Natural gas consumption is estimated for the period subsequent to the last billed date and up through the last day of the month. Estimated volumes and approved tariff rates are utilized to calculate unbilled revenue. The following month, the unbilled estimate is reversed, the actual usage is billed and a new unbilled estimate is calculated. The Company obtains metered usage for industrial customers at the end of each month, thereby eliminating any unbilled consideration for these rate classes.

Other revenues

Other revenues primarily consist of miscellaneous fees and charges, utility-related revenues not directly billed to utility customers and billings for non-utility activities. Non-utility (unregulated) activities provided by the Company include contract paving and other services. Regarding these activities, the customer is invoiced monthly based on services

provided. The Company utilizes the practical expedient allowing revenue to be recognized based on invoiced amounts. The transaction price is based on a contractually predetermined rate schedule; therefore, the transaction price represents total value to the customer and no variable price consideration exists.

Alternative Revenue Program revenues

ARPs, which fall outside the scope of ASC 606, are SCC approved mechanisms that allow for the adjustment of revenues for certain broad, external factors, or for additional billings if the entity achieves certain performance targets. The Company's ARPs include its WNA, which adjusts revenues for the effects of weather temperature variations as compared to the 30-year average, and the SAVE Plan over/under collection mechanism, which adjusts revenues for the differences between SAVE Plan revenues billed to customers and the revenue earned, as calculated based on the timing and extent of infrastructure replacement completed during the period. These amounts are ultimately collected from, or returned to, customers through future rate changes as approved by the SCC.

Customer Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable, as reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets, includes both billed and unbilled customer revenues, as well as amounts that are not related to customers. The balances of customer receivables are provided below:

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances		Customer deposits
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	2,590,702	$	1,236,384	$	880,295	$	1,432,031
Balance at June 30, 2020	2,257,426		897,589		1,133,566		1,652,387
Increase (decrease)	$	(333,276)	$	(338,795)	$	253,271	$	220,356
(1) Included in accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

The Company had no significant contract assets or liabilities during the period. Furthermore, the Company did not incur any significant costs to obtain contracts.

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Income Taxes

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

Income Taxes

On December 22, 2017, the TCJA became law. Its most significant impact was the reduction of the maximum corporate federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning January 1, 2018.

Under the provisions of ASC 740 - Income Taxes, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company were revalued to reflect the reduction in the federal tax rate. For unregulated entities, the revaluation of excess deferred income taxes flowed through income tax expense in the period of change. For rate regulated entities such as Roanoke Gas, these excess deferred taxes were originally recovered from its customers based on billing rates derived using a federal income tax rate of 34%. As a result, these net excess deferred taxes must be returned to customers. The Company began refunding these excess deferred taxes in fiscal 2018. As the refunds should have no effect on the income of the Company, the consolidated income statements reflect both a reduction in revenues and a corresponding reduction in income taxes associated with the flow back of these net excess deferred taxes. The result is a lowering of the effective tax rate for the Company.

A reconciliation of income tax expense from applying the federal statutory rates in effect for each period to total income tax expense is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Income before income taxes	$	1,607,590		$	1,482,585		$	14,323,921		$	10,749,678
Corporate federal tax rate	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	337,593		$	311,342		$	3,008,023		$	2,257,432
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	77,349			71,245			666,017			512,315
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations	(14,081)			(13,624)			(138,413)			(186,041)
Other, net	151			(24,933)			(105,536)			(76,835)
Total income tax expense	$	401,012		$	344,030		$	3,430,091		$	2,506,871
Effective tax rate	24.9		%	23.2		%	23.9		%	23.3		%

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Rates and Regulatory Matters

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Regulated Operations [Abstract]

Rates and Regulatory Matters

Rates and Regulatory Matters

The SCC exercises regulatory authority over the operations of Roanoke Gas. Such regulation encompasses terms, conditions and rates to be charged to customers for natural gas service, safety standards, extension of service, and depreciation.

On January 24, 2020, the SCC issued its final order on the general rate application filed by Roanoke Gas on October 10, 2018. Under the provisions of this order, Roanoke Gas was granted an annualized non-gas rate increase of $7.25 million and was required to write-down a portion of the ESAC assets deemed not eligible for recovery in the final order. As a result, management revised its rate refund accrual to reflect the award authorized in the final order. To further comply with the order, $317,191 of ESAC regulatory assets were written-down in the first quarter. In March 2020, the Company completed the refund of $3.8 million for revenues collected from interim rates in excess of the final approved rates including interest.

Certain provisions within the order were not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for the period ended December 31, 2019, pending additional clarification from the SCC. Specifically, the rate order did not provide for a return on certain Roanoke Gas infrastructure investments that will interconnect with the MVP; however, the order did provide for the ability to defer financing costs related to these investments for consideration of future recovery. The Company is deferring these costs through the application of AFUDC, which capitalizes both the equity and debt financing costs during the construction phases. The specific time period allowed for the recovery of these costs has yet to be determined; therefore, the Company has taken a conservative position and has only reflected AFUDC that would have been recognized since January 1, 2019, the date which the rate award was effective. If the SCC concludes that the AFUDC applies to an earlier period, the Company will reflect any additional AFUDC at that time.

On March 16, 2020, in response to COVID-19, the SCC issued an order applicable to all utilities operating in Virginia to suspend disconnection of service for non-payment by any customer until May 15, 2020, which was subsequently extended to August 31, 2020. This order, effective on the date issued, also directed utilities to not assess late payment fees due to the coronavirus public health emergency. As a result, the amount of current receivables and future billings that will ultimately become uncollectible will likely increase. Therefore, the Company has increased its provision for bad debts as of June 30, 2020, based on information currently available. These estimates are subject to revision as the financial impact of COVID-19 continues to ripple through the economy.

As referenced in Note 3, the TCJA reduced the federal corporate tax rate to 21%. As a result, the Company revalued its deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the new federal tax rate. Under the provisions of ASC 740, the corresponding adjustment to deferred income taxes generally flows to income tax expense for unregulated entities. For rate regulated entities such as Roanoke Gas, these excess deferred taxes were originally recovered from its customers based on billing rates derived using a federal income tax rate of 34%. Therefore, the adjustment to the net deferred tax liabilities of

Roanoke Gas, to the extent such net deferred tax liabilities are attributable to rate base or cost of service for customers, are refundable to customers. Roanoke Gas began accounting for the refund of these excess deferred taxes in fiscal 2018 along with reflecting a corresponding reduction in income tax expense. A majority of the net regulatory liability will be refunded over a 28-year period per IRS normalization requirements. See Note 14 for the remaining balances related to excess deferred taxes.

For the WNA year ended March 31, 2020, the Company recorded a $2.4 million receivable for weather that was 16.5% warmer than normal. According to the provisions of the Company's WNA rate schedule, the Company submits its annual filing to the SCC for approval of rates to collect any revenue shortfall or refund any excess revenues, which must then be reflected in customers' bills between the months of May and August. Due to the uncertainty related to COVID-19, management requested and the SCC subsequently approved to delay the customer billing related to the WNA revenues until the fourth fiscal quarter.

On May 15, 2020 the Company filed an application for modification to its SAVE Plan and Rider and to implement a 2021 SAVE projected factor rate and true-up factor rate. In addition to the continued renewal of first generation plastic mains and related services, coated steel tubing services and specifically identified gate stations, the application proposes that the SAVE Plan be amended to include the renewal or removal of certain regulator stations and the renewal of pre-1971 coated steel mains and coated steel services. The application is currently pending with the SCC.

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Other Investments

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Other Investments

Other Investments

In October 2015, Midstream acquired an initial 1% equity interest in the LLC. In November 2019, the Company's Board of Directors approved a pro-rata increase in Midstream's participation that will increase its equity interest to approximately 1.03% at the MVP's completion. Once in-service, the MVP will transport approximately 2 million decatherms of natural gas per day.

Pipeline construction has been delayed due to regulatory and legal challenges that have restricted the recent focus to maintenance and restoration activities. As a result, the projected cost is expected to range from $5.4 to $5.7 billion, with Midstream's total cash contribution expected to range from $57 to $59 million. The managing partner extended the estimated in-service date to early calendar 2021. The Company is utilizing the equity method to account for the transactions and activity of the investment in MVP and is participating in the earnings in proportion to its level of investment.

In April 2018, the LLC announced the Southgate project, which is an approximately 75 mile pipeline extending from the MVP in Virginia to delivery points in North Carolina. Midstream is a less than 1% investor in the project, which is being accounted for under the cost method. Total project cost is estimated to be nearly $500 million, of which Midstream's portion is estimated to be approximately $2.1 million. The Southgate in-service date is currently targeted for late calendar year 2021.

Funding for Midstream's investments in the LLC for both the MVP and Southgate projects is being provided through two variable rate unsecured promissory notes under a non-revolving credit agreement, maturing in December 2022, and two additional notes issued in June 2019. See Note 7 for a schedule of debt instruments.

The investments in the LLC are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements as follows:

Balance Sheet location:	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Other Assets:
MVP	$	54,494,911	$	47,055,426
Southgate	361,799		320,033
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	54,856,710	$	47,375,459

Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,388,167	$	4,958,260
Southgate	39,231		66,564
Capital contributions payable	$	2,427,398	$	5,024,824

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Income Statement location:	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,205,574	$	777,193	$	3,488,253	$	2,038,417

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	5,857,553	$	3,267,176

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Cash investment	$	6,590,424	$	16,650,944
Change in accrued capital calls	(2,597,426)		(3,015,078)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	3,488,253		2,038,417
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,481,251	$	15,674,283

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

	Income Statements
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
AFUDC	$	120,874,005	$	78,261,970	$	348,654,366	$	199,400,095
Other Income (Expense), net	(18,925)		1,771,678		680,682		5,055,405
Net Income	$	120,855,080	$	80,033,648	$	349,335,048	$	204,455,500

	Balance Sheets
	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets	$	265,509,949	$	485,323,892
Construction Work in Progress	5,322,878,940		4,675,267,389
Other Assets	4,597,441		13,190,816
Total Assets	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097
Liabilities and Equity:
Current Liabilities	$	197,319,584	$	466,776,233
Noncurrent Liabilities	315,000		—
Capital	5,395,351,746		4,707,005,864
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097

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Derivatives and Hedging

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]

Derivatives and Hedging

Derivatives and Hedging

The Company’s hedging and derivative policy allows management to enter into derivatives for the purpose of managing the commodity and financial market risks of its business operations, including the price of natural gas and the cost of borrowed funds. This policy specifically prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes.

The Company has three interest rate swaps associated with its variable rate debt. Roanoke Gas has a swap agreement that effectively converts the $7,000,000 term note based on LIBOR into fixed-rate debt with a 2.30% effective interest rate. Midstream has two swap agreements corresponding to the $14,000,000 variable rate term note issued on June 12, 2019 and

the $10,000,000 variable rate term note issued on June 13, 2019. The swap agreements convert these two notes into fixed rate instruments with effective interest rates of 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively. The swaps qualify as cash flow hedges with changes in fair value reported in other comprehensive income. No portion of the swaps were deemed ineffective during the periods presented.

The Company had no outstanding derivative instruments for the purchase of natural gas.

The fair value of the current and non-current portions of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the condensed consolidated balance sheets under the caption interest rate swaps. The table in Note 8 reflects the effect on income and other comprehensive income of the Company's cash flow hedges.

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Long-Term Debt

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Long-Term Debt

Long-Term Debt

On March 26, 2020, Roanoke Gas renewed its unsecured line-of-credit agreement, which was scheduled to expire March 31, 2021. The new agreement is for a two-year term expiring March 31, 2022 with a maximum borrowing limit of $28,000,000. Amounts drawn against the agreement are considered to be non-current as the balance under the line-of-credit is not subject to repayment within the next 12-month period. The agreement has a variable-interest rate based on 30-day LIBOR plus 100 basis points and an availability fee of 15 basis points and provides multi-tiered borrowing limits associated with the seasonal borrowing demands of the Company. The Company's total available borrowing limits during the term of the agreement range from $3,000,000 to $28,000,000.

On December 23, 2019, Midstream entered into the Third Amendment to Credit Agreement ("Amendment") and amendments to the related Promissory Notes ("Notes") with the corresponding banks. The Amendment modified the original Credit Agreement and prior amendments between Midstream and the banks by increasing the total borrowing capacity to $41,000,000 from its previous limit of $26,000,000 and extending the maturity date to December 29, 2022. The Amendment retained all of the other provisions contained in the previous credit agreements and amendments including the interest rate on the Notes based on 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%. The additional limits under the Amendment provide additional financing for the investment in the MVP.

On December 6, 2019, Roanoke Gas entered into unsecured notes in the aggregate principal amount of $10,000,000. These notes have a 10-year term with a fixed interest rate of 3.60%. Proceeds from these notes provided funding for Roanoke Gas' capital budget.

Roanoke Gas has other unsecured notes at varying fixed interest rates as well as a variable-rate note with interest based on 30-day LIBOR plus 90 basis points. The variable rate note is hedged by a swap agreement, which converts the debt into a fixed-rate instrument with an annual interest rate of 2.30%. Midstream has two other variable rate notes in the amounts of $14,000,000 and $10,000,000 that are hedged by swap agreements that effectively convert the interest rates to 3.24% and 3.14%, respectively.

All of the debt agreements set forth certain representations, warranties and covenants to which the Company is subject, including financial covenants that limit consolidated long-term indebtedness to not more than 65% of total capitalization. All of the debt agreements, except for the line-of-credit, provide for priority indebtedness to not exceed 15% of consolidated total assets. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019.

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	June 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
	Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas Company:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26% due on September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000	$	137,570	$	30,500,000	$	144,811
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021	7,000,000		4,447		7,000,000		6,948
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due on October 2, 2027	8,000,000		34,916		8,000,000		38,528
Unsecured term notes payable, at 4.41% due on March 28, 2031	10,000,000		33,675		10,000,000		36,272
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.60% due on December 6, 2029	10,000,000		33,466		—		—
RGC Midstream, LLC:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022	24,310,200		53,610		16,012,200		59,504
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026	14,000,000		14,446		14,000,000		16,252
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024	10,000,000		9,233		10,000,000		11,000
Total notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	321,363	$	95,512,200	$	313,315
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022	$	2,858,130	$	—	$	8,172,473	$	—
Total long-term debt	$	116,668,330	$	321,363	$	103,684,673	$	313,315

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Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

A summary of other comprehensive income and loss is provided below:

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(278,752)	$	71,751	$	(207,001)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	108,002		(27,801)		80,201
Net interest rate swaps	(170,750)		43,950		(126,800)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	22,610		(5,819)		16,791
Other comprehensive loss	$	(148,140)	$	38,131	$	(110,009)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(592,836)	$	152,596	$	(440,240)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(23,780)		6,121		(17,659)
Net interest rate swaps	(616,616)		158,717		(457,899)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(2,576)		663		(1,913)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(619,192)	$	159,380	$	(459,812)

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,583,021)	$	407,469	$	(1,175,552)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	128,240		(33,009)		95,231
Net interest rate swaps	(1,454,781)		374,460		(1,080,321)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	67,830		(17,457)		50,373
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,386,951)	$	357,003	$	(1,029,948)
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(726,851)	$	187,091	$	(539,760)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(58,797)		15,134		(43,663)
Net interest rate swaps	(785,648)		202,225		(583,423)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(7,728)		1,989		(5,739)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(793,376)	$	204,214	$	(589,162)

The amortization of actuarial gains and losses, reflected above, relate to the unregulated operations of the Company. The regulated operations are included as a regulatory asset. The amortization of actual gains and losses is recognized as a component of net periodic pension and postretirement benefit costs under other income (expense), net.

Reconciliation of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Plans		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	(664,137)	$	(1,824,780)	$	(2,488,917)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,080,321)		50,373		(1,029,948)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(1,744,458)	$	(1,774,407)	$	(3,518,865)

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Commitments and Contingencies

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments and Contingencies

Roanoke Gas currently holds the only franchises and CPCNs to distribute natural gas in its service area. The current franchise agreements expire December 31, 2035. The Company's CPCNs are exclusive and generally are intended for perpetual duration. 

Due to the nature of the natural gas distribution business, the Company has entered into agreements with both suppliers and pipelines for natural gas commodity purchases, storage capacity and pipeline delivery capacity. The Company utilizes an asset manager to assist in optimizing the use of its transportation, storage rights and gas supply. Roanoke Gas is currently served directly by two primary pipelines that deliver all of the natural gas supplied to the Company’s distribution system. Depending on weather conditions and the level of customer demand, failure of one of these transmission pipelines could have a major adverse impact on the Company's ability to deliver natural gas to its customers and its results of operations. The MVP will provide Roanoke Gas with access to an additional delivery source to its distribution system, increasing system reliability and the Company's ability to meet future demands for natural gas.

The outbreak of COVID-19 is having a dramatic effect on businesses and individuals throughout the nation and the world. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced all levels of government, as well as businesses and individuals, to take actions to limit the spread of the disease. The result is a significant disruption to normal activities as businesses have either shut down or are operating on a limited basis resulting in higher unemployment and government imposed social distancing mandates. The virus and the corresponding efforts to combat its spread did not reach a level where significant disruptions in activity

occurred until mid-March 2020. The extent to which COVID-19 will affect the Company over future periods will depend on ongoing developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be reasonably predicted, including the duration of the outbreak, the easing of restrictions to businesses and individuals, the potential for a resurgence of the virus, as well as a variety of other factors. The longer COVID-19 persists, the greater the potential negative financial effect on the Company.

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Earnings Per Share

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Earnings Per Share

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per common share for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019 were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per common share were calculated by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding during the period plus potential dilutive common shares. A reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Income	$	1,206,578	$	1,138,555	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
Weighted average common shares	8,143,887		8,051,944		8,115,836		8,029,222
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock	15,437		36,326		23,178		41,830
Diluted average common shares	8,159,324		8,088,270		8,139,014		8,071,052
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.03
Diluted	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.02

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Employee Benefit Plans

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Employee Benefit Plans

Employee Benefit Plans

The Company has both a pension plan and a postretirement plan. The pension plan covers substantially all of the Company’s employees hired before January 1, 2017 and provides retirement income based on years of service and employee compensation. The postretirement plan provides certain health care and supplemental life insurance benefits to retired employees who meet specific age and service requirements. Net pension plan and postretirement plan expense is detailed as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	172,902	$	134,317	$	518,706	$	402,951
Interest cost	265,557		291,682		796,671		875,046
Expected return on plan assets	(459,156)		(387,359)		(1,377,468)		(1,162,077)
Recognized loss	113,936		39,650		341,808		118,950
Net periodic pension cost	$	93,239	$	78,290	$	279,717	$	234,870

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	41,970	$	33,221	$	125,910	$	99,663
Interest cost	132,869		162,236		398,607		486,708
Expected return on plan assets	(137,599)		(136,805)		(412,797)		(410,415)
Recognized loss	59,343		30,951		178,029		92,853
Net postretirement benefit cost	$	96,583	$	89,603	$	289,749	$	268,809

The components of net periodic benefit cost, other than the service cost component, are included in other income (expense), net in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Service cost is included in operations and maintenance expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income.

The table below reflects the Company's actual contributions made fiscal year-to-date and the expected contributions to be made during the balance of the current fiscal year.  

	Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions		Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions
Defined benefit pension plan	$	800,000	$	—
Postretirement medical plan	400,000		—
Total	$	1,200,000	$	—

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Fair Value Measurements

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

Fair Value Measurements

FASB ASC No. 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes each input to the valuation method used to measure fair value of financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities that are measured and reported on a fair value basis into one of the following three levels:

Level 1 – Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 – Inputs other than quoted prices in Level 1 that are either for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, or inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3).

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as required by existing guidance and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	467,303	$	—	$	467,303	$	—
Interest rate swaps	2,349,122		—		2,349,122		—
Total	$	2,816,425	$	—	$	2,816,425	$	—
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	397,757	$	—	$	397,757	$	—
Interest rate swaps	894,341		—		894,341		—
Total	$	1,292,098	$	—	$	1,292,098	$	—

The fair value of the interest rate swaps are determined by using the counterparty's proprietary models and certain assumptions regarding past, present and future market conditions.

Under the asset management contract, a timing difference can exist between the payment for natural gas purchases and the actual receipt of such purchases. Payments are made based on a predetermined monthly volume with the price based on weighted average first of the month index prices corresponding to the month of the scheduled payment. At June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company had recorded in accounts payable the estimated fair value of the liability valued at the corresponding first of month index prices for which the liability is expected to be settled.

The Company’s nonfinancial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis consist of its AROs. The AROs are measured at fair value at initial recognition based on expected future cash flows required to settle the obligation. 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable (with the exception of the timing difference under the asset management contract), customer credit balances and customer deposits is a reasonable estimate of fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments. In addition, the carrying amount of the variable rate line-of-credit is a reasonable approximation of its fair value. The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are not adjusted to fair value in the financial statements as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
Total	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952
Total	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952

The fair value of long-term debt is estimated by discounting the future cash flows of the fixed rate debt based on the underlying Treasury rate or other Treasury instruments with a corresponding maturity period and estimated credit spread extrapolated based on market conditions since the issuance of the debt.

FASB ASC 825, Financial Instruments, requires disclosures regarding concentrations of credit risk from financial instruments. Cash equivalents are investments in high-grade, short-term securities (original maturity less than three months), placed with financially sound institutions. Accounts receivable are from a diverse group of customers including individuals and small and large companies in various industries. As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, no single customer accounted for more than 5% of the total accounts receivable balance. The Company maintains certain credit standards with its customers and requires a customer deposit if such evaluation warrants.

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Segment Information

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment Information

Segment Information

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise for which separate financial information is available and is evaluated regularly by the Company's chief operating decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company uses operating income and equity in earnings to assess segment performance.

Intersegment transactions are recorded at cost.

The reportable segments disclosed herein are defined as follows:

Gas Utility - The natural gas segment of the Company generates revenue from its tariff rates and other regulatory mechanisms through which it provides the sale and distribution of natural gas to its residential, commercial and industrial customers.

Investment in Affiliates - The investment in affiliates segment reflects the income generated through the activities of the Company's investment in the MVP and Southgate projects.

Parent and Other - The category parent and other includes the unregulated activities of the Company as well as certain corporate eliminations.

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	—	$	215,465	$	11,071,918
Depreciation	1,988,505		—		—		1,988,505
Operating income (loss)	1,291,678		(55,097)		99,082		1,335,663
Equity in earnings	—		1,205,574		—		1,205,574
Interest expense	667,702		318,501		—		986,203
Income before income taxes	674,351		834,054		99,185		1,607,590

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	11,534,948	$	—	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
Depreciation	1,905,475		—		—		1,905,475
Operating income (loss)	1,629,681		(51,896)		59,272		1,637,057
Equity in earnings	—		777,193		—		777,193
Interest expense	604,863		320,835		—		925,698
Income before income taxes	1,016,963		406,246		59,376		1,482,585

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	—	$	537,324	$	53,295,102
Depreciation	5,965,226		—		—		5,965,226
Operating income (loss)	13,321,691		(163,214)		258,781		13,417,258
Equity in earnings	—		3,488,253		—		3,488,253
Interest expense	2,048,552		1,061,129		—		3,109,681
Income before income taxes	11,795,644		2,269,106		259,171		14,323,921

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	57,630,278	$	—	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
Depreciation	5,716,425		—		—		5,716,425
Operating income (loss)	11,014,558		(125,177)		215,381		11,104,762
Equity in earnings	—		2,038,417		—		2,038,417
Interest expense	1,766,611		868,518		—		2,635,129
Income before income taxes	9,485,089		1,048,922		215,667		10,749,678

	June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	204,124,191	$	55,393,022	$	13,823,545	$	273,340,758
	September 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	195,969,019	$	47,429,368	$	14,955,309	$	258,353,696

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Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

The Company’s regulated operations follow the accounting and reporting requirements of FASB ASC No. 980, Regulated Operations. The economic effects of regulation can result in a regulated company deferring costs that have been or are expected to be recovered from customers in a period different from the period in which the costs would be charged to expense by an unregulated enterprise. When this situation occurs, costs are deferred as assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet (regulatory assets) and amortized into expense over periods when such amounts are reflected in rates. Additionally, regulators can impose liabilities upon a regulated company for amounts previously collected from customers and for current collection in rates of costs that are expected to be incurred in the future (regulatory liabilities). In the event the provisions of FASB ASC No. 980 no longer apply to any or all regulatory assets or liabilities, the Company would write off such amounts and include the effects in the condensed consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income in the period which FASB ASC No. 980 no longer applied.

Regulatory assets included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
WNA	$	1,883,099	$	569,558
ESAC assets	180,809		265,392
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	150,667		602,674
Other deferred expenses	84,315		84,315
Total current	2,298,890		1,521,939
Utility Property:
In service:
Other	11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC	272,108		—
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt	1,627,167		1,712,808
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	9,414,695		9,414,695
ESAC assets	326,274		756,803
Other deferred expenses	236,006		294,547
Total non-current	11,604,142		12,178,853
Total regulatory assets	$	14,187,085	$	13,712,737

Regulatory liabilities included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Over-recovery of gas costs	$	264,383	$	161,837
Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues	197,195		574,181
Rate refund	—		3,827,588
Excess deferred income taxes	205,353		205,353
Other deferred liabilities	150,506		108,644
Total current	817,437		4,877,603
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745		6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824		11,892,352
Regulatory Liabilities:
Excess deferred income taxes	10,748,044		10,934,434
Total non-current	30,350,613		29,615,469
Total regulatory liabilities	$	31,168,050	$	34,493,072

As of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019, the Company had regulatory assets in the amount of $14,175,140 and $13,700,792, respectively, on which the Company did not earn a return during the recovery period.

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Common Stock Options

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Common Stock Options

Common Stock Options

On April 1, 2020, the Board of Directors granted 13,000 options to certain officers of the Company. In accordance with the KEYSOP, the grant price of $27.87 was the closing price of the Company's stock on the grant date. The options become exercisable six-months from the grant date and expire after ten years from the date of issuance.

Fair value at the grant date was $6.26 per option as calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. Compensation expense will be recognized over the vesting period. Total compensation expense recognized through June 30, 2020 was $40,692.

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Subsequent Events	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	Subsequent EventsThe Company has evaluated subsequent events through the date the financial statements were issued. There were no items not otherwise disclosed above which would have materially impacted the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Basis of Presentation (Policies)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Basis of Presentation

Basis of Presentation

Resources is an energy services company primarily engaged in the sale and distribution of natural gas. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Resources and its wholly-owned subsidiaries: Roanoke Gas, Diversified Energy and Midstream.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring accruals) necessary to fairly present Resources' financial position as of June 30, 2020, cash flows for the nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019, and the results of its operations, comprehensive income, and changes in stockholders' equity for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 and 2019. The results of operations for the three and nine months ended June 30, 2020 are not indicative of the results to be expected for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020 as quarterly earnings are affected by the highly seasonal nature of the business and weather conditions generally result in greater earnings during the winter months.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes are presented as permitted under the rules and regulations of the SEC. Pursuant to those rules, certain information and note disclosures normally included in the annual financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP have been condensed or omitted, although the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information not misleading. Therefore, the condensed consolidated financial statements and condensed notes should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes contained in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019. The September 30, 2019 consolidated balance sheet was included in the Company’s audited financial statements included in Form 10-K.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

The Company’s significant accounting policies are described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements contained in the Company's Form 10-K for the year ended September 30, 2019.

On March 12, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to the Exchange Act that, among other things, revised the definition of an accelerated filer. As a result, Resources now qualifies as both a smaller reporting company and a non-accelerated filer.

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Standards

Recently Issued or Adopted Accounting Standards

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases. This ASU leaves the accounting for leases mostly unchanged for lessors, with the exception of targeted improvements for consistency; however, the new guidance requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU also revises the definition of a lease as a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the right to control the use of identified property, plant or equipment for a period of time in exchange for consideration. Under prior GAAP, the presentation and cash flows arising from a lease by a lessee primarily depended on its classification as a finance or operating lease. The new ASU requires both types of leases to be recognized on the balance sheet. In addition, the new guidance includes quantitative and qualitative disclosure requirements to aid financial statement users in better understanding the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, which provides a practical expedient that allows entities the option of not evaluating existing land easements under the new lease standard for those easements that were entered into prior to adoption. New or modified land easements will require evaluation on a prospective basis. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2020 and interim periods within that annual period.

The Company adopted ASU 2016-02 and related guidance effective October 1, 2019. At the time of adoption, the Company had one operating lease. This lease calls for quarterly payments in the amount of $3,240 and is set to expire in September 2021. As the value of this lease obligation was determined to be de minimis and the Company has not entered into any additional lease obligations, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging: Targeted Improvements to Accounting For Hedging Activities. The ASU is meant to simplify recognition and presentation guidance in an effort to improve financial reporting of cash flow and fair value hedging relationships to better portray the economic results of an entity's risk management activities. This is achieved through changes to both the designation and measurement guidance for qualifying hedging relationships, as well as changes to the presentation of hedge results. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. As the Company currently has only cash flow hedges and no portion of these hedges were deemed ineffective during the periods presented, this new guidance does not have a material effect on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal-Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer's Accounting for Implementation Costs incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement that is a Service Contract. This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for costs of implementing a cloud computing service arrangement and aligns the following requirements to capitalize implementation costs: 1) those incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract, and 2) those incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software, including hosting arrangements that include an internal software license. The Company adopted the new guidance effective October 1, 2019. The new guidance did not have a material effect on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Defined Benefit Plans - General (Subtopic 715-20) - Disclosure Framework - Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Defined Benefit Plans. This ASU modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other postretirement plans. The new guidance is effective for the Company for the annual reporting period ending September 30, 2021. Early adoption is permitted. Management has not completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, the ASU only modifies disclosure requirements and will not effect financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In March 2020, the FASB issued ASU 2020-04, Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) - Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting. This ASU provides temporary optional guidance to ease the potential burden in accounting for and recognizing the effects of reference rate change on financial reporting. The new guidance applies specifically to contracts and hedging relationships that reference LIBOR, or any other referenced rate that is expected to be discontinued due to reference rate reform. The new guidance is effective for the Company through December 31, 2022. Management has not yet completed its evaluation of the new guidance; however, as the Company has several contracts and hedging relationships that currently reference LIBOR, this new guidance could result in a significant impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations, and cash flows for the period through which the ASU is effective.

Other accounting standards that have been issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies are not currently applicable to the Company or are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

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Revenue (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Disaggregation of Revenue

The following tables summarize revenue by customer, product and income statement classification:

	Three months ended June 30, 2020						Three months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	6,682,586	$	—	$	6,682,586	$	5,798,846	$	—	$	5,798,846
Commercial	3,157,873		—		3,157,873		4,116,695		—		4,116,695
Industrial and Transportation	1,401,775		—		1,401,775		1,098,393		—		1,098,393
Other	56,723		215,465		272,188		86,714		148,002		234,716
Total contracts with customers	11,298,957		215,465		11,514,422		11,100,648		148,002		11,248,650
Alternative Revenue Programs	(442,504)		—		(442,504)		434,300		—		434,300
Total operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	215,465	$	11,071,918	$	11,534,948	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
	Nine months ended June 30, 2020						Nine months ended June 30, 2019
	Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues		Gas utility		Non utility		Total operating revenues
Natural Gas (Billed and Unbilled):
Residential	$	31,859,828	$	—	$	31,859,828	$	34,263,845	$	—	$	34,263,845
Commercial	15,260,652		—		15,260,652		19,772,433		—		19,772,433
Industrial and Transportation	3,972,444		—		3,972,444		3,563,505		—		3,563,505
Revenue reductions (TCJA) (1)	—		—		—		(523,881)		—		(523,881)
Other	390,184		537,324		927,508		421,624		544,378		966,002
Total contracts with customers	51,483,108		537,324		52,020,432		57,497,526		544,378		58,041,904
Alternative Revenue Programs	1,274,670		—		1,274,670		132,752		—		132,752
Total operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	537,324	$	53,295,102	$	57,630,278	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
(1) Accrued refund associated with excess revenue collected in tariff rates associated with the reduction in federal income tax rates.

Schedule of Customer Accounts Receivable

The balances of customer receivables are provided below:

	Current Assets				Current Liabilities
	Trade accounts receivable (1)		Unbilled revenue (1)		Customer credit balances		Customer deposits
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	2,590,702	$	1,236,384	$	880,295	$	1,432,031
Balance at June 30, 2020	2,257,426		897,589		1,133,566		1,652,387
Increase (decrease)	$	(333,276)	$	(338,795)	$	253,271	$	220,356
(1) Included in accounts receivable in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. Amounts shown net of reserve for bad debts.

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Income Taxes (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of Income Tax Expense

A reconciliation of income tax expense from applying the federal statutory rates in effect for each period to total income tax expense is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,						Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020			2019			2020			2019
Income before income taxes	$	1,607,590		$	1,482,585		$	14,323,921		$	10,749,678
Corporate federal tax rate	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%	21.00		%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$	337,593		$	311,342		$	3,008,023		$	2,257,432
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	77,349			71,245			666,017			512,315
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations	(14,081)			(13,624)			(138,413)			(186,041)
Other, net	151			(24,933)			(105,536)			(76,835)
Total income tax expense	$	401,012		$	344,030		$	3,430,091		$	2,506,871
Effective tax rate	24.9		%	23.2		%	23.9		%	23.3		%

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Other Investments (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]

Schedule of Other Investments

The investments in the LLC are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements as follows:

Balance Sheet location:	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Other Assets:
MVP	$	54,494,911	$	47,055,426
Southgate	361,799		320,033
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	54,856,710	$	47,375,459

Current Liabilities:
MVP	$	2,388,167	$	4,958,260
Southgate	39,231		66,564
Capital contributions payable	$	2,427,398	$	5,024,824

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
Income Statement location:	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	$	1,205,574	$	777,193	$	3,488,253	$	2,038,417

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	$	5,857,553	$	3,267,176

The change in the investment in unconsolidated affiliates is provided below:

	Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
Cash investment	$	6,590,424	$	16,650,944
Change in accrued capital calls	(2,597,426)		(3,015,078)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	3,488,253		2,038,417
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$	7,481,251	$	15,674,283

Summary Unaudited Financial Statements - Equity Method Investment

Summary unaudited financial statements of MVP are presented below. Southgate financial statements, which are accounted for under the cost method, are not included:

	Income Statements
	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019		June 30, 2020		June 30, 2019
AFUDC	$	120,874,005	$	78,261,970	$	348,654,366	$	199,400,095
Other Income (Expense), net	(18,925)		1,771,678		680,682		5,055,405
Net Income	$	120,855,080	$	80,033,648	$	349,335,048	$	204,455,500

	Balance Sheets
	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets	$	265,509,949	$	485,323,892
Construction Work in Progress	5,322,878,940		4,675,267,389
Other Assets	4,597,441		13,190,816
Total Assets	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097
Liabilities and Equity:
Current Liabilities	$	197,319,584	$	466,776,233
Noncurrent Liabilities	315,000		—
Capital	5,395,351,746		4,707,005,864
Total Liabilities and Equity	$	5,592,986,330	$	5,173,782,097

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Long-Term Debt (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consists of the following:

	June 30, 2020				September 30, 2019
	Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs		Principal		Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs
Roanoke Gas Company:
Unsecured senior notes payable, at 4.26% due on September 18, 2034	$	30,500,000	$	137,570	$	30,500,000	$	144,811
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021	7,000,000		4,447		7,000,000		6,948
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.58% due on October 2, 2027	8,000,000		34,916		8,000,000		38,528
Unsecured term notes payable, at 4.41% due on March 28, 2031	10,000,000		33,675		10,000,000		36,272
Unsecured term notes payable, at 3.60% due on December 6, 2029	10,000,000		33,466		—		—
RGC Midstream, LLC:
Unsecured term notes payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022	24,310,200		53,610		16,012,200		59,504
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026	14,000,000		14,446		14,000,000		16,252
Unsecured term note payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024	10,000,000		9,233		10,000,000		11,000
Total notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	321,363	$	95,512,200	$	313,315
Line-of-credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022	$	2,858,130	$	—	$	8,172,473	$	—
Total long-term debt	$	116,668,330	$	321,363	$	103,684,673	$	313,315

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Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Equity [Abstract]

Summary of Other Comprehensive Income and Loss

A summary of other comprehensive income and loss is provided below:

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(278,752)	$	71,751	$	(207,001)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	108,002		(27,801)		80,201
Net interest rate swaps	(170,750)		43,950		(126,800)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	22,610		(5,819)		16,791
Other comprehensive loss	$	(148,140)	$	38,131	$	(110,009)
Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(592,836)	$	152,596	$	(440,240)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(23,780)		6,121		(17,659)
Net interest rate swaps	(616,616)		158,717		(457,899)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(2,576)		663		(1,913)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(619,192)	$	159,380	$	(459,812)

	Before-Tax Amount		Tax (Expense) or Benefit		Net-of-Tax Amount
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(1,583,021)	$	407,469	$	(1,175,552)
Transfer of realized losses to interest expense	128,240		(33,009)		95,231
Net interest rate swaps	(1,454,781)		374,460		(1,080,321)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial losses	67,830		(17,457)		50,373
Other comprehensive loss	$	(1,386,951)	$	357,003	$	(1,029,948)
Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
Interest rate swaps:
Unrealized losses	$	(726,851)	$	187,091	$	(539,760)
Transfer of realized gains to interest expense	(58,797)		15,134		(43,663)
Net interest rate swaps	(785,648)		202,225		(583,423)
Defined benefit plans:
Amortization of actuarial gains	(7,728)		1,989		(5,739)
Other comprehensive loss	$	(793,376)	$	204,214	$	(589,162)

Reconciliation of Other Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Reconciliation of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

	Interest Rate Swaps		Defined Benefit Plans		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at September 30, 2019	$	(664,137)	$	(1,824,780)	$	(2,488,917)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,080,321)		50,373		(1,029,948)
Balance at June 30, 2020	$	(1,744,458)	$	(1,774,407)	$	(3,518,865)

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Earnings Per Share (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share Reconciliation

A reconciliation of basic and diluted earnings per share is presented below:

	Three Months Ended June 30,				Nine Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Net Income	$	1,206,578	$	1,138,555	$	10,893,830	$	8,242,807
Weighted average common shares	8,143,887		8,051,944		8,115,836		8,029,222
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock	15,437		36,326		23,178		41,830
Diluted average common shares	8,159,324		8,088,270		8,139,014		8,071,052
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.03
Diluted	$	0.15	$	0.14	$	1.34	$	1.02

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Employee Benefit Plans (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Retirement Benefits [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Net Periodic Pension and Postretirement Benefit Cost

Net pension plan and postretirement plan expense is detailed as follows:

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of net periodic pension cost:
Service cost	$	172,902	$	134,317	$	518,706	$	402,951
Interest cost	265,557		291,682		796,671		875,046
Expected return on plan assets	(459,156)		(387,359)		(1,377,468)		(1,162,077)
Recognized loss	113,936		39,650		341,808		118,950
Net periodic pension cost	$	93,239	$	78,290	$	279,717	$	234,870

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	June 30,				June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
Components of postretirement benefit cost:
Service cost	$	41,970	$	33,221	$	125,910	$	99,663
Interest cost	132,869		162,236		398,607		486,708
Expected return on plan assets	(137,599)		(136,805)		(412,797)		(410,415)
Recognized loss	59,343		30,951		178,029		92,853
Net postretirement benefit cost	$	96,583	$	89,603	$	289,749	$	268,809

Summary of Employer Contributions to Defined Benefit Plans

The table below reflects the Company's actual contributions made fiscal year-to-date and the expected contributions to be made during the balance of the current fiscal year.  

	Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions		Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions
Defined benefit pension plan	$	800,000	$	—
Postretirement medical plan	400,000		—
Total	$	1,200,000	$	—

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Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis

The following table summarizes the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as required by existing guidance and the fair value measurements by level within the fair value hierarchy as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	467,303	$	—	$	467,303	$	—
Interest rate swaps	2,349,122		—		2,349,122		—
Total	$	2,816,425	$	—	$	2,816,425	$	—
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Fair Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	$	397,757	$	—	$	397,757	$	—
Interest rate swaps	894,341		—		894,341		—
Total	$	1,292,098	$	—	$	1,292,098	$	—

Summary of the Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Adjusted to Fair Value

The following table summarizes the fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities that are not adjusted to fair value in the financial statements as of June 30, 2020 and September 30, 2019:

	Fair Value Measurements - June 30, 2020
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
Total	$	113,810,200	$	—	$	—	$	123,331,232
	Fair Value Measurements - September 30, 2019
	Carrying Value		Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952
Total	$	95,512,200	$	—	$	—	$	100,900,952

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Segment Information (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Information Related to Segments

Information related to the segments of the Company are provided below:

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	10,856,453	$	—	$	215,465	$	11,071,918
Depreciation	1,988,505		—		—		1,988,505
Operating income (loss)	1,291,678		(55,097)		99,082		1,335,663
Equity in earnings	—		1,205,574		—		1,205,574
Interest expense	667,702		318,501		—		986,203
Income before income taxes	674,351		834,054		99,185		1,607,590

	Three Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	11,534,948	$	—	$	148,002	$	11,682,950
Depreciation	1,905,475		—		—		1,905,475
Operating income (loss)	1,629,681		(51,896)		59,272		1,637,057
Equity in earnings	—		777,193		—		777,193
Interest expense	604,863		320,835		—		925,698
Income before income taxes	1,016,963		406,246		59,376		1,482,585

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	52,757,778	$	—	$	537,324	$	53,295,102
Depreciation	5,965,226		—		—		5,965,226
Operating income (loss)	13,321,691		(163,214)		258,781		13,417,258
Equity in earnings	—		3,488,253		—		3,488,253
Interest expense	2,048,552		1,061,129		—		3,109,681
Income before income taxes	11,795,644		2,269,106		259,171		14,323,921

	Nine Months Ended June 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Operating revenues	$	57,630,278	$	—	$	544,378	$	58,174,656
Depreciation	5,716,425		—		—		5,716,425
Operating income (loss)	11,014,558		(125,177)		215,381		11,104,762
Equity in earnings	—		2,038,417		—		2,038,417
Interest expense	1,766,611		868,518		—		2,635,129
Income before income taxes	9,485,089		1,048,922		215,667		10,749,678

	June 30, 2020
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	204,124,191	$	55,393,022	$	13,823,545	$	273,340,758
	September 30, 2019
	Gas Utility		Investment in Affiliates		Parent and Other		Consolidated Total
Total assets	$	195,969,019	$	47,429,368	$	14,955,309	$	258,353,696

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Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Regulatory Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]

Schedule of Regulatory Assets

Regulatory assets included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Assets:
Current Assets:
Regulatory assets:
WNA	$	1,883,099	$	569,558
ESAC assets	180,809		265,392
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	150,667		602,674
Other deferred expenses	84,315		84,315
Total current	2,298,890		1,521,939
Utility Property:
In service:
Other	11,945		11,945
Construction work in progress:
AFUDC	272,108		—
Other Assets:
Regulatory assets:
Premium on early retirement of debt	1,627,167		1,712,808
Accrued pension and postretirement medical	9,414,695		9,414,695
ESAC assets	326,274		756,803
Other deferred expenses	236,006		294,547
Total non-current	11,604,142		12,178,853
Total regulatory assets	$	14,187,085	$	13,712,737

Schedule of Regulatory Liabilities

Regulatory liabilities included in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets are as follows: 

	June 30, 2020		September 30, 2019
Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity:
Current Liabilities:
Regulatory liabilities:
Over-recovery of gas costs	$	264,383	$	161,837
Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues	197,195		574,181
Rate refund	—		3,827,588
Excess deferred income taxes	205,353		205,353
Other deferred liabilities	150,506		108,644
Total current	817,437		4,877,603
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745		6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824		11,892,352
Regulatory Liabilities:
Excess deferred income taxes	10,748,044		10,934,434
Total non-current	30,350,613		29,615,469
Total regulatory liabilities	$	31,168,050	$	34,493,072

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Basis of Presentation (Details)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)	Oct. 01, 2019 lease
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Quarterly operating lease obligation | $	$ 3,240
ASU 2016-02
New Accounting Pronouncements or Change in Accounting Principle [Line Items]
Number of operating leases | lease		1

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Revenue (Disaggregation of Revenue) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	$ 11,514,422	$ 11,248,650	$ 52,020,432	$ 58,041,904
Revenue reductions (TCJA)			0	(523,881)
Alternative Revenue Programs	(442,504)	434,300	1,274,670	132,752
Operating revenues	11,071,918	11,682,950	53,295,102	58,174,656
Natural Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	6,682,586	5,798,846	31,859,828	34,263,845
Natural Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	3,157,873	4,116,695	15,260,652	19,772,433
Natural Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	1,401,775	1,098,393	3,972,444	3,563,505
Other [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	272,188	234,716	927,508	966,002
Gas Utility [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	11,298,957	11,100,648	51,483,108	57,497,526
Revenue reductions (TCJA)			0	(523,881)
Alternative Revenue Programs	(442,504)	434,300	1,274,670	132,752
Operating revenues	10,856,453	11,534,948	52,757,778	57,630,278
Gas Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	6,682,586	5,798,846	31,859,828	34,263,845
Gas Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	3,157,873	4,116,695	15,260,652	19,772,433
Gas Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	1,401,775	1,098,393	3,972,444	3,563,505
Gas Utility [Member] | Other [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	56,723	86,714	390,184	421,624
Non Utility [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	215,465	148,002	537,324	544,378
Revenue reductions (TCJA)			0	0
Alternative Revenue Programs	0	0	0	0
Operating revenues	215,465	148,002	537,324	544,378
Non Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Residential [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	0	0	0	0
Non Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Commercial [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	0	0	0	0
Non Utility [Member] | Natural Gas [Member] | Industrial and Transportation [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	0	0	0	0
Non Utility [Member] | Other [Member]
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total contracts with customers	$ 215,465	$ 148,002	$ 537,324	$ 544,378

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Revenue (Customer Accounts Receivable) (Details) - USD ($)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Unbilled revenue	$ 897,589	$ 1,236,384
Increase (decrease) in Unbilled revenue	(338,795)
Customer credit balances	1,133,566	880,295
Increase (decrease) in Customer credit balances	253,271
Customer deposits	1,652,387	1,432,031
Increase (decrease) in Customer deposits	220,356
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Trade accounts receivable	3,296,251	3,870,211
Trade Accounts Receivable [Member]
Capitalized Contract Cost [Line Items]
Trade accounts receivable	2,257,426	$ 2,590,702
Increase (decrease) in Trade accounts receivable	$ (333,276)

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Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income before income taxes	$ 1,607,590	$ 1,482,585	$ 14,323,921	$ 10,749,678
Corporate federal tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Income tax expense computed at the federal statutory rate	$ 337,593	$ 311,342	$ 3,008,023	$ 2,257,432
State income taxes, net of federal tax benefit	77,349	71,245	666,017	512,315
Net amortization of excess deferred taxes on regulated operations	(14,081)	(13,624)	(138,413)	(186,041)
Other, net	151	(24,933)	(105,536)	(76,835)
Total income tax expense	$ 401,012	$ 344,030	$ 3,430,091	$ 2,506,871
Effective tax rate	24.90%	23.20%	23.90%	23.30%

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Rates and Regulatory Matters (Details) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended	9 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jan. 24, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Additional revenues to reflect impact of WNA				$ 2,400,000
Heating degree day variance				16.50%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Additional write down of ESAC regulatory assets					$ 317,191
Rate refund paid		$ (3,800,000)
Regulatory liability, refund period (in years)			28 years
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | General Rate Case [Member] | Virginia State Corporate Commission (SCC) [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Approved non-gas rate increase	$ 7,250,000

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Other Investments (Narrative) (Details) - RGC Midstream LLC [Member] Bcf in Millions, $ in Millions	1 Months Ended
	Apr. 30, 2018 USD ($) mi	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($) debt_instrument	Nov. 30, 2019	Jun. 12, 2019 instrument_held	Oct. 31, 2015 Bcf
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Number of unsecured Promissory Notes funding the investment		2		2
MVP [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Equity interest percentage			1.03%		1.00%
Pipeline capacity per day (in bcf) | Bcf					2
MVP [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total project cost		$ 5,400.0
Total estimated investment		57.0
MVP [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Total project cost		5,700.0
Total estimated investment		$ 59.0
Southgate [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Length of planned natural gas pipeline (in miles) | mi	75
Estimated total MVP Southgate pipeline cost projection	$ 500.0
Estimated investment in MVP Southgate	$ 2.1
Southgate [Member] | Southgate [Member]
Schedule of Equity Method Investments [Line Items]
Ownership percentage (less than)	1.00%

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Other Investments (Schedule of Other Investments) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Other Assets:
Investment in unconsolidated affiliates	$ 54,856,710		$ 54,856,710		$ 47,375,459
Current Liabilities:
Capital contributions payable	2,427,398		2,427,398		5,024,824
Income Statement location:
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,205,574	$ 777,193	3,488,253	$ 2,038,417
Undistributed earnings, net of income taxes, of MVP in retained earnings	5,857,553		5,857,553		3,267,176
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliate [Abstract]
Cash investment			6,590,424	16,650,944
Change in accrued capital calls			(2,597,426)	(3,015,078)
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated affiliate	1,205,574	$ 777,193	3,488,253	2,038,417
Change in investment in unconsolidated affiliates			7,481,251	$ 15,674,283
MVP [Member]
Other Assets:
MVP	54,494,911		54,494,911		47,055,426
Current Liabilities:
Capital contributions payable	2,388,167		2,388,167		4,958,260
Southgate [Member]
Other Assets:
Southgate	361,799		361,799		320,033
Current Liabilities:
Capital contributions payable	$ 39,231		$ 39,231		$ 66,564

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Other Investments (Investment in Unconsolidated Entity) (Details) - Mountain Valley Pipeline LLC (Unconsolidated Entity) [Member] - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Income Statement
AFUDC	$ 120,874,005	$ 78,261,970	$ 348,654,366	$ 199,400,095
Other Income (Expense), net	(18,925)	1,771,678	680,682	5,055,405
Net Income	120,855,080	$ 80,033,648	349,335,048	$ 204,455,500
Assets:
Current Assets	265,509,949		265,509,949		$ 485,323,892
Construction Work in Progress	5,322,878,940		5,322,878,940		4,675,267,389
Other Assets	4,597,441		4,597,441		13,190,816
Total Assets	5,592,986,330		5,592,986,330		5,173,782,097
Liabilities and Equity:
Current Liabilities	197,319,584		197,319,584		466,776,233
Noncurrent Liabilities	315,000		315,000		0
Capital	5,395,351,746		5,395,351,746		4,707,005,864
Total Liabilities and Equity	$ 5,592,986,330		$ 5,592,986,330		$ 5,173,782,097

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Derivatives and Hedging (Details)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($) debt_instrument instrument_held	Jun. 13, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 12, 2019 USD ($) instrument_held
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Number of interest rate swaps associated with note(s) | instrument_held	3
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021 [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount	$ 7,000,000
Effective interest rate	2.30%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Number of interest rate swaps associated with note(s) | instrument_held	2
Debt instrument, number of instruments	2		2
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026 [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount	$ 14,000,000		$ 14,000,000
Effective interest rate	3.24%		3.24%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024 [Member]
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosures [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount	$ 10,000,000	$ 10,000,000
Effective interest rate	3.14%	3.14%

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Long-Term Debt (Narrative) (Details)				9 Months Ended
	Mar. 26, 2020 USD ($)	Dec. 23, 2019 USD ($)	Dec. 06, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($) debt_instrument	Sep. 30, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 13, 2019 USD ($)	Jun. 12, 2019 USD ($) instrument_held
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum percentage of Consolidated Long Term Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Capitalization				65.00%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.60%, due December 6, 2029 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt term			10 years
Debt instrument, borrowing amount			$ 10,000,000
Stated percentage rate			3.60%	3.60%
Maximum percentage of Priority Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Assets				15.00%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 4.41%, due March 28, 2031 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated percentage rate				4.41%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member] | Line of Credit [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt term	2 years
Availability fee (as a percent)	0.15%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)	1.00%			1.00%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 28,000,000
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line of credit, maximum borrowing capacity	$ 3,000,000
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount				$ 7,000,000
Effective interest rate				2.30%
Maximum percentage of Priority Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Assets				15.00%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)				0.90%
Roanoke Gas [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.58%, due October 2, 2027 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Stated percentage rate				3.58%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, number of instruments				2			2
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount		$ 41,000,000			$ 26,000,000
Maximum percentage of Priority Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Assets				15.00%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)		1.35%		1.35%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount				$ 14,000,000			$ 14,000,000
Effective interest rate				3.24%			3.24%
Maximum percentage of Priority Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Assets				15.00%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)				1.15%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Debt instrument, borrowing amount				$ 10,000,000		$ 10,000,000
Effective interest rate				3.14%		3.14%
Maximum percentage of Priority Indebtedness to Consolidated Total Assets				15.00%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024 [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)				1.20%

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Long-Term Debt (Schedule of Long-Term Debt) (Details) - USD ($)			9 Months Ended
	Mar. 26, 2020	Dec. 23, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Dec. 06, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 113,810,200		$ 95,512,200
Principal			116,668,330		103,684,673
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			321,363		313,315
Notes Payable [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			113,810,200		95,512,200
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			321,363		313,315
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes [Member] | Unsecured Senior Notes Payable, at 4.26%, due on September 18, 2034 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			30,500,000		30,500,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 137,570		144,811
Stated percentage rate			4.26%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 7,000,000		7,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 4,447		6,948
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 0.90%, due November 1, 2021 [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)			0.90%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.58%, due October 2, 2027 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 8,000,000		8,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 34,916		38,528
Stated percentage rate			3.58%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 4.41%, due March 28, 2031 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 10,000,000		10,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 33,675		36,272
Stated percentage rate			4.41%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 3.60%, due December 6, 2029 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 10,000,000		0
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 33,466		0
Stated percentage rate			3.60%	3.60%
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Line-of-credit			$ 2,858,130		8,172,473
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 0		0
Roanoke Gas Company [Member] | Line of Credit [Member] | Line of Credit, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.00%, due March 31, 2022 [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)	1.00%		1.00%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 24,310,200		16,012,200
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 53,610		59,504
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.35%, due December 29, 2022 [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)		1.35%	1.35%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 14,000,000		14,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 14,446		16,252
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.15%, due June 12, 2026 [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)			1.15%
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024 [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Notes payable			$ 10,000,000		10,000,000
Unamortized Debt Issuance Costs			$ 9,233		$ 11,000
RGC Midstream LLC [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes [Member] | Unsecured Term Notes Payable, at 30-day LIBOR plus 1.20%, due June 1, 2024 [Member] | 30-day LIBOR [Member]
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Variable rate basis points (as a percent)			1.20%

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Other Comprehensive Income (Schedule of Other Comprehensive Income and Loss) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Before-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss)	$ (148,140)			$ (619,192)			$ (1,386,951)	$ (793,376)
Tax (Expense) or Benefit
Other comprehensive loss	38,131			159,380			357,003	204,214
Net-of-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(110,009)	$ (1,199,783)	$ 279,844	(459,812)	$ (46,034)	$ (83,316)	(1,029,948)	(589,162)
Interest rate swap [Member]
Before-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(278,752)						(1,583,021)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income	108,002						128,240
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(170,750)						(1,454,781)
Tax (Expense) or Benefit
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	71,751						407,469
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income	(27,801)						(33,009)
Other comprehensive loss	43,950						374,460
Net-of-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	(207,001)						(1,175,552)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income	80,201						95,231
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(126,800)						(1,080,321)
Interest rate swap [Member]
Before-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				(592,836)				(726,851)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income				(23,780)				(58,797)
Other comprehensive income (loss)				(616,616)				(785,648)
Tax (Expense) or Benefit
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications				152,596				187,091
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income				6,121				15,134
Other comprehensive loss				158,717				202,225
Net-of-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications				(440,240)				(539,760)
Reclassifications from accumulated other comprehensive income				(17,659)				(43,663)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax				(457,899)				(583,423)
Defined benefit plans [Member]
Before-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss)	22,610			(2,576)			67,830	(7,728)
Tax (Expense) or Benefit
Other comprehensive loss	(5,819)			663			(17,457)	1,989
Net-of-Tax Amount
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	$ 16,791			$ (1,913)			$ 50,373	$ (5,739)

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Other Comprehensive Income (Reconciliation of Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss)) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	$ 90,317,347	$ 86,359,135	$ 83,096,392	$ 84,974,517	$ 80,959,740	$ 79,583,112	$ 83,096,392	$ 79,583,112
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(110,009)	(1,199,783)	279,844	(459,812)	(46,034)	(83,316)	(1,029,948)	(589,162)
Balance at end of period	90,251,152	90,317,347	86,359,135	84,736,935	84,974,517	80,959,740	90,251,152	84,736,935
Interest Rate Swaps [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period			(664,137)				(664,137)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(126,800)						(1,080,321)
Balance at end of period	(1,744,458)						(1,744,458)
Defined Benefit Plans [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period			(1,824,780)				(1,824,780)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	16,791			(1,913)			50,373	(5,739)
Balance at end of period	(1,774,407)						(1,774,407)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Member]
Increase (Decrease) in Other Accumulated Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Roll Forward]
Balance at beginning of period	(3,408,856)	(2,209,073)	(2,488,917)	(1,001,018)	(954,984)	(871,668)	(2,488,917)	(871,668)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(110,009)	(1,199,783)	279,844	(459,812)	(46,034)	(83,316)
Balance at end of period	$ (3,518,865)	$ (3,408,856)	$ (2,209,073)	$ (1,460,830)	$ (1,001,018)	$ (954,984)	$ (3,518,865)	$ (1,460,830)

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Commitments and Contingencies (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020 pipeline
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Number of pipelines serving Roanoke Gas	2

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Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended						9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Mar. 31, 2020	Dec. 31, 2019	Jun. 30, 2019	Mar. 31, 2019	Dec. 31, 2018	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Net Income	$ 1,206,578	$ 5,680,316	$ 4,006,936	$ 1,138,555	$ 4,670,090	$ 2,434,162	$ 10,893,830	$ 8,242,807
Weighted average common shares (in shares)	8,143,887			8,051,944			8,115,836	8,029,222
Effect of dilutive securities:
Options to purchase common stock (in shares)	15,437			36,326			23,178	41,830
Diluted average common shares (in shares)	8,159,324			8,088,270			8,139,014	8,071,052
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock:
Basic (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15			$ 0.14			$ 1.34	$ 1.03
Diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 0.15			$ 0.14			$ 1.34	$ 1.02

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Employee Benefit Plans (Schedule of Components of Net Periodic Pension and Postretirement Benefit Cost) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	$ 172,902	$ 134,317	$ 518,706	$ 402,951
Interest cost	265,557	291,682	796,671	875,046
Expected return on plan assets	(459,156)	(387,359)	(1,377,468)	(1,162,077)
Recognized loss	113,936	39,650	341,808	118,950
Net periodic/postretirement pension/benefit cost	93,239	78,290	279,717	234,870
Postretirement Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Service cost	41,970	33,221	125,910	99,663
Interest cost	132,869	162,236	398,607	486,708
Expected return on plan assets	(137,599)	(136,805)	(412,797)	(410,415)
Recognized loss	59,343	30,951	178,029	92,853
Net periodic/postretirement pension/benefit cost	$ 96,583	$ 89,603	$ 289,749	$ 268,809

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Employee Benefit Plans (Schedule of Actual and Expected Employer Contributions) (Details)	9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020 USD ($)
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions	$ 1,200,000
Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions	0
Defined Benefit Pension Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions	800,000
Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions	0
Postretirement Medical Plan [Member]
Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]
Fiscal Year-to-Date Contributions	400,000
Remaining Fiscal Year Contributions	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements (Schedule of Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Measured on a Recurring Basis) (Details) - Fair Value [Member] - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) [Member]
Liabilities:
Total	$ 0	$ 0
Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Liabilities:
Total	0	0
Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Liabilities:
Total	123,331,232	100,900,952
Recurring [Member]
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	467,303	397,757
Total	2,816,425	1,292,098
Recurring [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	2,349,122	894,341
Recurring [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) [Member]
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	0	0
Total	0	0
Recurring [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	0	0
Recurring [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	467,303	397,757
Total	2,816,425	1,292,098
Recurring [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	2,349,122	894,341
Recurring [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Liabilities:
Natural gas purchases	0	0
Total	0	0
Recurring [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member] | Interest Rate Swap [Member]
Liabilities:
Interest rate swap	$ 0	$ 0

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Fair Value Measurements (Summary of the Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Not Adjusted to Fair Value) (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Carrying Value [Member]
Liabilities:
Notes payable	$ 113,810,200	$ 95,512,200
Total	113,810,200	95,512,200
Fair Value [Member] | Quoted Prices in Active Markets (Level 1) [Member]
Liabilities:
Notes payable	0	0
Total	0	0
Fair Value [Member] | Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2) [Member]
Liabilities:
Notes payable	0	0
Total	0	0
Fair Value [Member] | Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) [Member]
Liabilities:
Notes payable	123,331,232	100,900,952
Total	$ 123,331,232	$ 100,900,952

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Segment Information (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019	Sep. 30, 2019
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 11,071,918	$ 11,682,950	$ 53,295,102	$ 58,174,656
Depreciation	1,988,505	1,905,475	5,965,226	5,716,425
Operating income (loss)	1,335,663	1,637,057	13,417,258	11,104,762
Equity in earnings	1,205,574	777,193	3,488,253	2,038,417
Interest expense	986,203	925,698	3,109,681	2,635,129
Income before income taxes	1,607,590	1,482,585	14,323,921	10,749,678
Total assets	273,340,758		273,340,758		$ 258,353,696
Operating Segments [Member] | Gas Utility [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	10,856,453	11,534,948	52,757,778	57,630,278
Depreciation	1,988,505	1,905,475	5,965,226	5,716,425
Operating income (loss)	1,291,678	1,629,681	13,321,691	11,014,558
Equity in earnings	0	0	0	0
Interest expense	667,702	604,863	2,048,552	1,766,611
Income before income taxes	674,351	1,016,963	11,795,644	9,485,089
Total assets	204,124,191		204,124,191		195,969,019
Operating Segments [Member] | Investment In Affiliates [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	0	0	0	0
Depreciation	0	0	0	0
Operating income (loss)	(55,097)	(51,896)	(163,214)	(125,177)
Equity in earnings	1,205,574	777,193	3,488,253	2,038,417
Interest expense	318,501	320,835	1,061,129	868,518
Income before income taxes	834,054	406,246	2,269,106	1,048,922
Total assets	55,393,022		55,393,022		47,429,368
Parent and Other [Member]
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	215,465	148,002	537,324	544,378
Depreciation	0	0	0	0
Operating income (loss)	99,082	59,272	258,781	215,381
Equity in earnings	0	0	0	0
Interest expense	0	0	0	0
Income before income taxes	99,185	$ 59,376	259,171	$ 215,667
Total assets	$ 13,823,545		$ 13,823,545		$ 14,955,309

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Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (Schedule of Regulatory Assets) (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Current regulatory assets	$ 2,298,890	$ 1,521,939
Utility property in service, other	11,945	11,945
Construction work in progress - AFUDC	272,108	0
Noncurrent regulatory assets	11,604,142	12,178,853
Total regulatory assets	14,187,085	13,712,737
WNA [Member]
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Current regulatory assets	1,883,099	569,558
ESAC Assets [Member]
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Current regulatory assets	180,809	265,392
Noncurrent regulatory assets	326,274	756,803
Accrued pension and postretirement medical [Member]
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Current regulatory assets	150,667	602,674
Noncurrent regulatory assets	9,414,695	9,414,695
Other deferred expenses [Member]
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Current regulatory assets	84,315	84,315
Noncurrent regulatory assets	236,006	294,547
Premium on early retirement of debt [Member]
Regulatory Assets [Line Items]
Noncurrent regulatory assets	$ 1,627,167	$ 1,712,808

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Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (Schedule of Regulatory Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	$ 817,437	$ 4,877,603
Deferred Credits and Other Liabilities:
Asset retirement obligations	7,038,745	6,788,683
Regulatory cost of retirement obligations	12,563,824	11,892,352
Noncurrent regulatory liabilities - excess deferred income taxes	10,748,044	10,934,434
Total non-current	30,350,613	29,615,469
Total regulatory liabilities	31,168,050	34,493,072
Over-recovery of gas costs [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	264,383	161,837
Over-recovery of SAVE Plan revenues [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	197,195	574,181
Rate refund [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	0	3,827,588
Excess deferred income taxes [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	205,353	205,353
Other deferred liabilities [Member]
Regulatory Liabilities [Line Items]
Current regulatory liabilities	$ 150,506	$ 108,644

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Regulatory Assets and Liabilities (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2020	Sep. 30, 2019
Regulatory Assets and Liabilities [Abstract]
Remaining amount of regulatory assets that did not earn a return during the recovery period	$ 14,175,140	$ 13,700,792

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Common Stock Options (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended	9 Months Ended
	Apr. 01, 2020	Jun. 30, 2020	Jun. 30, 2019
Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]
Options granted (in shares)	13,000
Grant price (in dollars per share)	$ 27.87
Option vesting period	6 months
Option expiration period	10 years
Fair value at grant date (in dollars per share)	$ 6.26
Total compensation expense		$ 40,692	$ 0