SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2. SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

These condensed interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except where otherwise noted, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States applicable to a going concern and reflect the policies outlined below.

In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements contain all adjustments (all of which are of a normal recurring nature) and disclosures necessary for a fair statement of the Company’s financial position as of June 30, 2025 and the results of its operations and cash flows for the six months then ended. The consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2024 is derived from the December 31, 2024 audited financial statements. The unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements do not include all disclosures required of annual consolidated financial statements and, accordingly, should be read in conjunction with our annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024. Operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 may not be indicative of results expected for the full year ending December 31, 2025.

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, the Company’s estimated effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate primarily due to the accrual of interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions. These amounts are recognized as a component of income tax expense. The Company continues to monitor and assess its uncertain tax positions and adjusts its estimates as new information becomes available.

(a) Term Deposits.

The Company has three term deposits that are maintained by commercials banks. The first term deposit is for $313,225 and matures in February 2026. This deposit pays 3% interest and if withdrawn before maturity, a penalty may be applied. The second term deposit is for $752,682, matures in September 2025 and pays interest at a rate of 1.65%. If withdrawn before maturity, the greater of the loss of accrued interest or $150, plus 1% of the principal shall be levied. The third term deposit is for $320,243, matures in August 2025 and pays interest at a rate of 3%. If withdrawn before maturity, a penalty may be applied.

(b) Inventories and Cost of Sales.

The Company has three major classes of inventory: completed goods, work in progress and raw materials and supplies. In all classes inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined on a first-in, first-out basis or weighted average cost formula to inventories in different subsidiaries. Cost of sales includes all expenditures incurred in bringing the goods to the point of sale. Inventory costs and costs of sales include direct costs of the raw material, inbound freight charges, warehousing costs, handling costs (receiving and purchasing) and utilities and overhead expenses related to the Company’s manufacturing and processing facilities. Shipping and handling charges included in the accompanying condensed interim consolidated statements of operations are as follows:

	Three months ended June 30,				Six months ended June 30,
	2025		2024		2025		2024
Shipping income in product sales	$	134,164	$	160,537	$	210,230	$	288,826
Shipping costs in cost of sales	$	210,839	$	292,664	$	369,607	$	509,167

(c) Research and Development Services.

Income from research and development services is recognized over a period of time as the Company satisfies contractual performance obligations. Costs related to these services are expensed as research and development costs are incurred.

(d) Risk Management.

The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its accounts receivable. The amounts presented in the accompanying condensed interim consolidated balance sheets are net of allowances for doubtful accounts, estimated by the Company’s management based on prior experience and the current economic environment. The Company is exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-payment by customers. Credit exposure is minimized by dealing with only credit worthy counterparties.

Excluding research and development services revenue that is listed separately, total revenue for the Company’s three primary customers in each period is as follows:

		Three months ended June 30,						Six months ended June 30,
		2025			2024			2025			2024
Total revenue for three primary customers	$	4,007,159		$	5,520,361		$	7,672,394		$	9,843,563
Total revenue for three primary customers as a percentage of sales		45	%		52	%		47	%		50	%
Research and development services	$	2,500,000		$	-		$	2,500,000		$	-
Research and development services as a percentage of sales		22	%		-			13	%		-

Total accounts receivable for the Company’s three primary customers for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and research and development services accounts is as follows:

		June 30, 2025		December 31, 2024
Accounts receivable of three primary customers	$	2,379,915 (28%)	$	7,585,199 (65%)
Accounts receivable – research and development services	$	2,500,000 (29%)		-

See Note 3 for allowance for doubtful accounts, all unrelated to our primary or research and development customers.

The credit risk on cash is limited because the Company limits its exposure to credit loss by placing its cash with major financial institutions. The Company maintains cash balances at financial institutions which at times exceed federally insured amounts. The Company has not experienced any losses in such accounts.

The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk to the extent that market value rate fluctuations materially differ for financial assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies.

In order to manage its exposure to foreign exchange risks, the Company closely monitors the fluctuations in the foreign currency exchange rates and the impact on the value of cash, accounts receivable, and accounts payable and accrued liabilities. The Company has not hedged its exposure to currency fluctuations.

The Company is exposed to interest rate risk to the extent that the fair value or future cash flows for financial liabilities will fluctuate as a result of changes in market interest rates. The Company is exposed to interest rate risk on its long-term debt subject to fixed long-term interest rates.

In order to manage its exposure to interest rate risk, the Company closely monitors fluctuations in market interest risks and will refinance its long-term debt where possible to obtain more favourable rates.

(e) Reclassification.

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the 2025 financial statements presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on net income, cash flows, or stockholders’ equity as previously reported.

(f) Recent Accounting Pronouncements.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09 (Topic 740) Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The new guidance is intended to enhance annual income tax disclosures to address investor requests for more information about the tax risks and opportunities present in an entity’s operations. The amendments in this standard require disclosure of additional information in specified categories with respect to the reconciliation of the effective tax rate to the statutory rate (the rate reconciliation) for federal, state, and foreign income taxes. They also require greater detail about individual reconciling items in the rate reconciliation to the extent the impact of those items exceeds a specified threshold. In addition to new disclosures associated with the rate reconciliation, the amendments in this update require information pertaining to taxes paid (net of refunds received) to be disaggregated for federal, state, and foreign taxes and further disaggregated for specific jurisdictions to the extent the related amounts exceed a quantitative threshold. The amendments in this update are effective on January 1, 2025 for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024, and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted the standard on January 1, 2025 and anticipates disclosure regarding income taxes will be expanded in the annual financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2025.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses, which requires disclosure about the types of costs and expenses included in certain expense captions presented on the income statement. The new disclosure requirements are effective for the Company’s annual periods beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted, and may be applied either prospectively or retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the ASU to determine its impact on our consolidated financial statements and disclosures.