Stock Options

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Share-based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock Options

14. Stock Options

The Company adopted a stock option plan (“Plan”). The purpose of this Plan is to provide additional incentives to key employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company and its subsidiaries in order to help attract and retain the best available personnel for positions of responsibility and otherwise promote the success of the Company’s business. It is intended that options issued under this Plan constitute non-qualified stock options. The general terms of awards under the Plan are that 100% of the options granted will vest the year following the grant. The maximum term of options granted is 5 years and the exercise price of all options that are issued cannot be less than the fair market value of the Company’s common stock at the date of grant.

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activities for the year ended December 31, 2019 and the six month period ended June 30, 2020:

	Number of shares			Exercise price per share		Weighted average exercise price
Balance, December 31, 2018		660,000		$	0.75 – 1.75	$	1.35
Granted		347,000		$	2.44 – 4.13	$	2.99
Cancelled or expired		(56,112	)	$	0.75 – 3.46	$	1.41
Exercised		(315,888	)	$	0.75 – 1.70	$	1.15
Balance, December 31, 2019		635,000		$	0.75 – 4.13	$	2.31
Cancelled or expired		(10,000	)	$	2.44 – 3.46	$	2.85
Exercised		(25,000	)	$	0.75 – 1.05	$	0.99
Balance, June 30, 2020		600,000		$	0.75 – 4.13	$	2.36
Exercisable, June 30, 2020		337,000		$	0.75 – 4.13	$	2.52

The fair value of each option grant is calculated using the following weighted average assumptions:

	2019			2018
Expected life – years		3.0			3.0
Interest rate		1.93	%		2.8 – 2.96	%
Volatility		43.89	%		47.59 – 51.85	%
Weighted average fair value of options granted	$	1.0959		$	0.4759 – 0.6313

During the six months ended June 30, 2020, the Company granted nil (2019 – 40,000) stock options to consultants and has applied ASC 718 using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which resulted in expenses of $nil (2019 - $14,612). The Company granted nil stock options to employees during the six months ended June 30, 2020 (2019 – 113,000) which resulted in $nil in expenses (2019 - $41,279). Vesting of options granted in previous years resulted in expenses in the amount of $31,145 for employees (2019 - $nil) during the six months ended June 30, 2020 and $22,545 for consultants (2019 - $11,495) . There were 15,000 employee and 10,000 consultant stock options exercised during the during the six months ended June 30, 2020 (2019 – 102,000 employee and 15,888 consultant stock options).

As of June 30, 2020, there was approximately $79,404 of compensation expense related to non-vested awards. This expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.0 years.

The aggregate intrinsic value of vested options outstanding at June 30, 2020 is $nil (2019 – $1,289,080).