Loans Receivable and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Loans and Leases Receivable Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of the Composition of Loan Held-For-Investment

The following table presents the composition of the Company’s loans held-for-investment outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:

($ in thousands)	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Commercial:
C&I (1)	$	15,711,095	$	14,150,608
CRE:
CRE	13,857,870		12,155,047
Multifamily residential	4,573,068		3,675,605
Construction and land	638,420		346,486
Total CRE	19,069,358		16,177,138
Total commercial	34,780,453		30,327,746
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
Single-family residential	11,223,027		9,093,702
HELOCs	2,122,655		2,144,821
Total residential mortgage	13,345,682		11,238,523
Other consumer	76,295		127,512
Total consumer	13,421,977		11,366,035
Total loans held-for-investment (2)	$	48,202,430	$	41,693,781
Allowance for loan losses	(595,645)		(541,579)
Loans held-for-investment, net (2)	$	47,606,785	$	41,152,202

(1)Includes Paycheck Protection Program loans of $99.0 million and $534.2 million as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

(2)Includes $(70.4) million and $(50.7) million net deferred loan fees and net unamortized premiums as of December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

Schedule of Loans Held-for-Investment by Loan Portfolio Segment, Internal Risk Ratings and Vintage Year

The following tables summarize the Company’s loans held-for-investment by loan portfolio segments, internal risk ratings and vintage year as of December 31, 2022 and 2021. The vintage year is the year of origination, renewal or major modification. Revolving loans that are converted to term loans presented in the tables below are excluded from term loans by vintage year columns.

	December 31, 2022
	Term Loans by Origination Year												Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (1)		Total
($ in thousands)	2022		2021		2020		2019		2018		Prior
Commercial:
C&I:
Pass	$	2,831,834	$	2,053,215	$	623,026	$	392,013	$	143,970	$	97,605	$	9,177,401	$	20,548	$	15,339,612
Criticized (accrual)	72,210		34,296		48,761		34,221		20,646		12,933		97,988		—		321,055
Criticized (nonaccrual)	18,722		4,797		10,733		243		5,618		10,315		—		—		50,428
Total C&I	2,922,766		2,092,308		682,520		426,477		170,234		120,853		9,275,389		20,548		15,711,095
CRE:
Pass	4,178,780		2,404,634		1,505,150		1,771,679		1,471,710		1,909,925		165,653		22,009		13,429,540
Criticized (accrual)	3,518		60,573		159,424		40,095		91,132		32,173		1,455		16,716		405,086
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		19,044		—		—		—		4,200		—		—		23,244
Subtotal CRE	4,182,298		2,484,251		1,664,574		1,811,774		1,562,842		1,946,298		167,108		38,725		13,857,870
Multifamily residential:
Pass	1,500,289		892,598		641,677		519,614		350,044		625,293		11,325		—		4,540,840
Criticized (accrual)	—		—		—		707		4,276		27,076		—		—		32,059
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		169		—		—		169
Subtotal multifamily residential	1,500,289		892,598		641,677		520,321		354,320		652,538		11,325		—		4,573,068
Construction and land:
Pass	288,394		276,839		31,804		3,104		2,805		231		9,073		—		612,250
Criticized (accrual)	4,504		—		—		—		21,666		—		—		—		26,170
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal construction and land	292,898		276,839		31,804		3,104		24,471		231		9,073		—		638,420
Total CRE	5,975,485		3,653,688		2,338,055		2,335,199		1,941,633		2,599,067		187,506		38,725		19,069,358
Total commercial	8,898,251		5,745,996		3,020,575		2,761,676		2,111,867		2,719,920		9,462,895		59,273		34,780,453
Consumer:
Single-family residential:
Pass (2)	3,548,894		2,453,717		1,775,696		1,101,965		817,164		1,500,359		—		—		11,197,795
Criticized (accrual)	—		1,275		785		1,463		4,352		3,935		—		—		11,810
Criticized (Nonaccrual) (2)	141		—		204		3,202		1,721		8,154		—		—		13,422
Subtotal single-family residential mortgage	3,549,035		2,454,992		1,776,685		1,106,630		823,237		1,512,448		—		—		11,223,027
HELOCs:
Pass	520		3,583		7,336		3,203		525		8,960		1,958,692		127,401		2,110,220
Criticized (accrual)	—		6		—		—		—		—		4		1,079		1,089
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		483		231		1,017		4,844		1,001		3,770		11,346
Subtotal HELOCs	520		3,589		7,819		3,434		1,542		13,804		1,959,697		132,250		2,122,655
Total residential mortgage	3,549,555		2,458,581		1,784,504		1,110,064		824,779		1,526,252		1,959,697		132,250		13,345,682
Other consumer:
Pass	17,088		137		5,356		—		—		15,808		37,804		—		76,193
Criticized (accrual)	3		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		3
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		—		99		—		99
Total other consumer	17,091		137		5,356		—		—		15,808		37,903		—		76,295
Total consumer	3,566,646		2,458,718		1,789,860		1,110,064		824,779		1,542,060		1,997,600		132,250		13,421,977
Total by risk rating:
Pass	12,365,799		8,084,723		4,590,045		3,791,578		2,786,218		4,158,181		11,359,948		169,958		47,306,450
Criticized (accrual)	80,235		96,150		208,970		76,486		142,072		76,117		99,447		17,795		797,272
Criticized (nonaccrual)	18,863		23,841		11,420		3,676		8,356		27,682		1,100		3,770		98,708
Total	$	12,464,897	$	8,204,714	$	4,810,435	$	3,871,740	$	2,936,646	$	4,261,980	$	11,460,495	$	191,523	$	48,202,430

	December 31, 2021
	Term Loans by Origination Year												Revolving Loans		Revolving Loans Converted to Term Loans (1)		Total
($ in thousands)	2021		2020		2019		2018		2017		Prior
Commercial:
C&I:
Pass	$	3,911,722	$	1,133,085	$	629,007	$	187,195	$	132,392	$	225,326	$	7,383,485	$	28,842	$	13,631,054
Criticized (accrual)	85,036		117,357		72,277		51,553		15,136		4,005		115,167		—		460,531
Criticized (nonaccrual)	29,456		2,792		513		517		9,301		16,444		—		—		59,023
Total C&I	4,026,214		1,253,234		701,797		239,265		156,829		245,775		7,498,652		28,842		14,150,608
CRE:
Pass	2,792,193		2,090,503		2,230,520		1,863,481		1,120,682		1,727,862		128,668		6,389		11,960,298
Criticized (accrual)	71,055		3,200		9,176		21,077		24,851		55,892		—		—		185,251
Criticized (nonaccrual)	4,350		—		—		—		4,752		396		—		—		9,498
Subtotal CRE	2,867,598		2,093,703		2,239,696		1,884,558		1,150,285		1,784,150		128,668		6,389		12,155,047
Multifamily residential:
Pass	1,026,295		726,772		688,453		419,319		308,087		424,947		20,524		—		3,614,397
Criticized (accrual)	—		—		721		22,344		7,033		30,666		—		—		60,764
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		444		—		—		444
Subtotal multifamily residential	1,026,295		726,772		689,174		441,663		315,120		456,057		20,524		—		3,675,605
Construction and land:
Pass	122,983		103,743		90,544		3,412		—		391		—		—		321,073
Criticized (accrual)	3,355		—		—		22,058		—		—		—		—		25,413
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		—
Subtotal construction and land	126,338		103,743		90,544		25,470		—		391		—		—		346,486
Total CRE	4,020,231		2,924,218		3,019,414		2,351,691		1,465,405		2,240,598		149,192		6,389		16,177,138
Total commercial	8,046,445		4,177,452		3,721,211		2,590,956		1,622,234		2,486,373		7,647,844		35,231		30,327,746
Consumer:
Single-family residential:
Pass (2)	2,616,958		2,108,370		1,375,929		1,079,030		763,351		1,127,516		—		—		9,071,154
Criticized (accrual)	—		—		458		2,813		1,899		3,212		—		—		8,382
Criticized (nonaccrual) (2)	—		—		1,751		3,889		4,295		4,231		—		—		14,166
Subtotal single-family residential mortgage	2,616,958		2,108,370		1,378,138		1,085,732		769,545		1,134,959		—		—		9,093,702
HELOCs:
Pass	648		3,277		4,644		1,347		3,268		11,215		1,913,478		197,414		2,135,291
Criticized (accrual)	—		—		—		—		—		371		7		708		1,086
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		52		188		3,543		973		—		3,688		8,444
Subtotal HELOCs	648		3,277		4,696		1,535		6,811		12,559		1,913,485		201,810		2,144,821
Total residential mortgage	2,617,606		2,111,647		1,382,834		1,087,267		776,356		1,147,518		1,913,485		201,810		11,238,523
Other consumer:
Pass	16,831		5,258		—		—		1,741		52,147		51,481		—		127,458
Criticized (accrual)	2		—		—		—		—		—		—		—		2
Criticized (nonaccrual)	—		—		—		—		—		—		52		—		52
Total other consumer	16,833		5,258		—		—		1,741		52,147		51,533		—		127,512
Total consumer	2,634,439		2,116,905		1,382,834		1,087,267		778,097		1,199,665		1,965,018		201,810		11,366,035
Total by risk rating:
Pass	10,487,630		6,171,008		5,019,097		3,553,784		2,329,521		3,569,404		9,497,636		232,645		40,860,725
Criticized (accrual)	159,448		120,557		82,632		119,845		48,919		94,146		115,174		708		741,429
Criticized (nonaccrual)	33,806		2,792		2,316		4,594		21,891		22,488		52		3,688		91,627
Total	$	10,680,884	$	6,294,357	$	5,104,045	$	3,678,223	$	2,400,331	$	3,686,038	$	9,612,862	$	237,041	$	41,693,781

(1)$26.2 million, $6.5 million and $23.9 million of total commercial loans, primarily comprised of CRE and C&I revolving loans, were converted to term loans during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2022, no consumer loans were converted to term loans. $54.1 million and $145.0 million of total consumer loans, comprised of HELOCs, were converted to term loans during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(2)As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, $818 thousand and $1.6 million, respectively, of nonaccrual loans whose payments are guaranteed by the Federal Housing Administration were classified with a “Pass” rating.

Schedule of Aging Analysis of Loans

The following tables present the aging analysis of total loans held-for-investment as of December 31, 2022 and 2021:

($ in thousands)	December 31, 2022
	Current Accruing Loans		Accruing Loans 30-59  Days Past Due		Accruing Loans 60-89  Days Past Due		Total Accruing Past Due Loans		Total Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans
Commercial:
C&I	$	15,651,312	$	6,482	$	2,873	$	9,355	$	50,428	$	15,711,095
CRE:
CRE	13,820,441		14,185		—		14,185		23,244		13,857,870
Multifamily residential	4,571,899		678		322		1,000		169		4,573,068
Construction and land	638,420		—		—		—		—		638,420
Total CRE	19,030,760		14,863		322		15,185		23,413		19,069,358
Total commercial	34,682,072		21,345		3,195		24,540		73,841		34,780,453
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
Single-family residential	11,183,134		13,523		12,130		25,653		14,240		11,223,027
HELOCs	2,102,523		7,700		1,086		8,786		11,346		2,122,655
Total residential mortgage	13,285,657		21,223		13,216		34,439		25,586		13,345,682
Other consumer	73,004		109		3,083		3,192		99		76,295
Total consumer	13,358,661		21,332		16,299		37,631		25,685		13,421,977
Total	$	48,040,733	$	42,677	$	19,494	$	62,171	$	99,526	$	48,202,430

($ in thousands)	December 31, 2021
	Current Accruing Loans		Accruing Loans 30-59 Days Past Due		Accruing Loans 60-89 Days Past Due		Total Accruing Past Due Loans		Total Nonaccrual Loans		Total Loans
Commercial:
C&I	$	14,080,516	$	6,983	$	4,086	$	11,069	$	59,023	$	14,150,608
CRE:
CRE	12,141,827		3,722		—		3,722		9,498		12,155,047
Multifamily residential	3,669,819		5,320		22		5,342		444		3,675,605
Construction and land	346,486		—		—		—		—		346,486
Total CRE	16,158,132		9,042		22		9,064		9,942		16,177,138
Total commercial	30,238,648		16,025		4,108		20,133		68,965		30,327,746
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
Single-family residential	9,059,222		10,191		8,569		18,760		15,720		9,093,702
HELOCs	2,130,523		4,776		1,078		5,854		8,444		2,144,821
Total residential mortgage	11,189,745		14,967		9,647		24,614		24,164		11,238,523
Other consumer	127,352		99		9		108		52		127,512
Total consumer	11,317,097		15,066		9,656		24,722		24,216		11,366,035
Total	$	41,555,745	$	31,091	$	13,764	$	44,855	$	93,181	$	41,693,781

Schedule of Amortized Cost of Loans on Nonaccrual Status with No Related Allowance for Loan Losses

The following table presents the amortized cost of loans on nonaccrual status for which there was no related allowance for loan losses as of both December 31, 2022 and 2021. Nonaccrual loans may not have an allowance for credit losses if the loan balances are well secured by the collateral value and there is no loss expectation.

($ in thousands)	December 31, 2022		December 31, 2021
Commercial:
C&I	$	11,398	$	22,967
CRE	22,944		9,102
Total commercial	34,342		32,069
Consumer:
Single-family residential	2,998		5,785
HELOCs	7,245		5,033
Total consumer	10,243		10,818
Total nonaccrual loans with no related allowance for loan losses	$	44,585	$	42,887

Summary of Additions and Post-Modifications to Troubled Debt Restructurings

The following tables present the additions to TDRs for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

($ in thousands)	Loans Modified as TDRs During the Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Number of Loans	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1)		Financial Impact (2)
Commercial:
C&I	7	$	69,050	$	38,415	$	12,638
Total commercial	7	69,050		38,415		12,638
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
HELOCs	2	662		697		2
Total residential mortgage	2	662		697		2
Total consumer	2	662		697		2
Total	9	$	69,712	$	39,112	$	12,640

($ in thousands)	Loans Modified as TDRs During the Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Number of Loans	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1)		Financial Impact (2)
Commercial:
C&I	5	$	24,155	$	20,263	$	1,108
CRE:
Multifamily residential	1	1,101		1,066		—
Total CRE	1	1,101		1,066		—
Total commercial	6	25,256		21,329		1,108
Total	6	$	25,256	$	21,329	$	1,108

($ in thousands)	Loans Modified as TDRs During the Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Number of Loans	Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment		Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment (1)		Financial Impact (2)
Commercial:
C&I	14	$	152,249	$	134,467	$	19,555
CRE:
CRE	2	21,429		21,221		18
Multifamily residential	1	1,220		1,226		—
Total CRE	3	22,649		22,447		18
Total commercial	17	174,898		156,914		19,573
Total	17	$	174,898	$	156,914	$	19,573

(1)Includes subsequent payments after modification and reflects the balance as of December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020.

(2)Includes charge-offs and specific reserves recorded since the modification date. Loans modified more than once are reported in the period they were first modified.

The following tables present the TDR post-modification outstanding balances by the primary modification type for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

($ in thousands)	Modification Type During the Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Principal (1)		Principal and Interest (2)		Interest Rate Reduction		Interest Deferments		Other (3)		Total
Commercial:
C&I	$	24,238	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	14,177	$	38,415
Total commercial	24,238		—		—		—		14,177		38,415
Consumer:
Residential mortgage:
HELOCs	697		—		—		—		—		697
Total residential mortgage	697		—		—		—		—		697
Total consumer	697		—		—		—		—		697
Total	$	24,935	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	14,177	$	39,112

($ in thousands)	Modification Type During the Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Principal (1)		Principal and Interest (2)		Interest Rate Reduction		Interest Deferments		Other (3)		Total
Commercial:
C&I	$	4,679	$	—	$	15,584	$	—	$	—	$	20,263
CRE:
Multifamily residential	1,066		—		—		—		—		1,066
Total CRE	1,066		—		—		—		—		1,066
Total commercial	5,745		—		15,584		—		—		21,329
Total	$	5,745	$	—	$	15,584	$	—	$	—	$	21,329

($ in thousands)	Modification Type During the Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Principal (1)		Principal and Interest (2)		Interest Rate Reduction		Interest Deferments		Other (3)		Total
Commercial:
C&I	$	59,134	$	10,863	$	31,913	$	32,557	$	—	$	134,467
CRE:
CRE	21,221		—		—		—		—		21,221
Multifamily residential	1,226		—		—		—		—		1,226
Total CRE	22,447		—		—		—		—		22,447
Total commercial	81,581		10,863		31,913		32,557		—		156,914
Total	$	81,581	$	10,863	$	31,913	$	32,557	$	—	$	156,914

(1)Includes forbearance payments, term extensions and principal deferments that modify the terms of the loan from principal and interest payments to interest payments only.

(2)Includes principal and interest deferments or reductions.

(3)Includes primarily funding to secure additional collateral and provide liquidity to collateral-dependent and term extension to C&I loans.

Summary of TDR Loans Subsequently Defaulted

The following table presents information on loans that entered into default during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 that were modified as TDRs during the 12 months preceding payment default:

($ in thousands)	Loans Modified as TDRs that Subsequently Defaulted During the Year Ended December 31,
	2022			2021			2020
	Number of Loans	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment		Number of Loans	Recorded Investment
Commercial:
C&I	2	$	10,296	1	$	11,431	1	$	15,852
Total commercial	2	10,296		1	11,431		1	15,852
Total	2	$	10,296	1	$	11,431	1	$	15,852

Key Credit Risk Characteristics and Macroeconomic Variables

The following table provides key credit risk characteristics and macroeconomic variables that the Company uses to estimate the expected credit losses by portfolio segment:

Portfolio Segment	Risk Characteristics	Macroeconomic Variables
C&I	Age (1), size and spread at origination, and risk rating	Volatility Index (“VIX”) and BBB yield to 10-year U.S. Treasury spread (“BBB spread”) (1)
CRE, Multifamily residential, and Construction and land	Delinquency status, maturity date, collateral value, property type, and geographic location	Unemployment rate, Gross Domestic Product (“GDP”), and U.S. Treasury rates
Single-family residential and HELOCs	FICO score, delinquency status, maturity date, collateral value, and geographic location	Unemployment rate, GDP, and home price index
Other consumer	Historical loss experience	Immaterial (2)

(1)Due to the model enhancements during the third quarter of 2021, the risk characteristic related to “time-to-maturity” was changed to “age”; while macroeconomic variables related to “unemployment rate and two- and ten-year U.S. Treasury spread” were changed to “VIX and BBB spread”.

(2)Macroeconomic variables are included in the qualitative estimate.

Summary of the Activity in the Allowance for Credit Losses

The following tables summarize the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segments for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

($ in thousands)		Year Ended December 31, 2022
		Commercial								Consumer						Total
		C&I		CRE						Residential Mortgage				Other Consumer
				CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single- Family Residential		HELOCs
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period		$	338,252	$	150,940	$	14,400	$	15,468	$	17,160	$	3,435	$	1,924	$	541,579
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	(a)	37,604		8,212		15,651		(6,433)		18,867		1,124		(258)		74,767
Gross charge-offs		(18,738)		(10,871)		(7,237)		—		(775)		(193)		(106)		(37,920)
Gross recoveries		16,824		1,583		559		74		312		109		—		19,461
Total net (charge-offs) recoveries		(1,914)		(9,288)		(6,678)		74		(463)		(84)		(106)		(18,459)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(2,242)		—		—		—		—		—		—		(2,242)
Allowance for loan losses, end of period		$	371,700	$	149,864	$	23,373	$	9,109	$	35,564	$	4,475	$	1,560	$	595,645

($ in thousands)		Year Ended December 31, 2021
		Commercial								Consumer						Total
		C&I		CRE						Residential Mortgage				Other Consumer
				CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single- Family Residential		HELOCs
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period		$	398,040	$	163,791	$	27,573	$	10,239	$	15,520	$	2,690	$	2,130	$	619,983
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on loans	(a)	(39,732)		14,282		(15,076)		7,576		1,965		745		1,286		(28,954)
Gross charge-offs		(32,490)		(28,430)		(130)		(2,954)		(1,046)		(45)		(1,497)		(66,592)
Gross recoveries		11,906		1,297		2,033		607		721		45		5		16,614
Total net (charge-offs) recoveries		(20,584)		(27,133)		1,903		(2,347)		(325)		—		(1,492)		(49,978)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		528		—		—		—		—		—		—		528
Allowance for loan losses, end of period		$	338,252	$	150,940	$	14,400	$	15,468	$	17,160	$	3,435	$	1,924	$	541,579

($ in thousands)		Year Ended December 31, 2020
		Commercial								Consumer						Total
		C&I		CRE						Residential Mortgage				Other Consumer
				CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single- Family Residential		HELOCs
Allowance for loan losses, beginning of period		$	238,376	$	40,509	$	22,826	$	19,404	$	28,527	$	5,265	$	3,380	$	358,287
Impact of ASU 2016-13 adoption		74,237		72,169		(8,112)		(9,889)		(3,670)		(1,798)		2,221		125,158
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses on loans	(a)	145,212		55,864		10,879		644		(9,922)		(605)		(3,381)		198,691
Gross charge-offs		(66,225)		(15,206)		—		—		—		(221)		(185)		(81,837)
Gross recoveries		5,428		10,455		1,980		80		585		49		95		18,672
Total net (charge-offs) recoveries		(60,797)		(4,751)		1,980		80		585		(172)		(90)		(63,165)
Foreign currency translation adjustment		1,012		—		—		—		—		—		—		1,012
Allowance for loan losses, end of period		$	398,040	$	163,791	$	27,573	$	10,239	$	15,520	$	2,690	$	2,130	$	619,983

The following table summarizes the activities in the allowance for unfunded credit commitments for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

($ in thousands)		Year Ended December 31,
		2022		2021		2020
Unfunded credit facilities
Allowance for unfunded credit commitments, beginning of period		$	27,514	$	33,577	$	11,158
Impact of ASU 2016-13 adoption		—		—		10,457
(Reversal of) provision for credit losses on unfunded credit commitments	(b)	(1,267)		(6,046)		11,962
Foreign currency translation adjustments		17		(17)		—
Allowance for unfunded credit commitments, end of period		26,264		27,514		33,577
Provision for (reversal of) credit losses	(a) + (b)	$	73,500	$	(35,000)	$	210,653

Schedule of Carrying Value of Loans Transferred, Loans Sold and Purchased for the Held-for-Investment Portfolio

The following tables provide information on the carrying value of loans transferred, loans sold and purchased for the held-for-investment portfolio, during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020:

	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Commercial								Consumer
			CRE						Residential Mortgage
($ in thousands)	C&I		CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single-Family Residential		Total
Loans transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale (1)	$	530,524	$	88,075	$	—	$	—	$	5,178	$	623,777
Loans transferred from held-for-sale to held-for-investment	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	631	$	631
Sales (2)(3)(4)	$	501,289	$	88,075	$	—	$	—	$	6,403	$	595,767
Purchases (5)	$	363,549	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	293,721	$	657,270

	Year Ended December 31, 2021
	Commercial								Consumer
			CRE						Residential Mortgage
($ in thousands)	C&I		CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single-Family Residential		Total
Loans transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale (1)	$	496,655	$	78,834	$	—	$	18,883	$	5,238	$	599,610
Sales (2)(3)(4)	$	502,694	$	78,834	$	—	$	21,557	$	18,458	$	621,543
Purchases (5)	$	479,690	$	—	$	370	$	—	$	564,651	$	1,044,711

	Year Ended December 31, 2020
	Commercial								Consumer
			CRE						Residential Mortgage
($ in thousands)	C&I		CRE		Multifamily Residential		Construction and Land		Single-Family Residential		Total
Loans transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale (1)	$	300,677	$	26,994	$	1,398	$	—	$	—	$	329,069
Sales (2)(3)(4)	$	303,520	$	26,994	$	1,398	$	—	$	80,309	$	412,221
Purchases (5)	$	154,154	$	—	$	2,358	$	—	$	233,068	$	389,580

(1)Includes write-downs of $3.1 million, $12.2 million and $2.8 million to the allowance for loan losses related to loans transferred from held-for-investment to held-for-sale for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(2)Includes originated loans sold of $387.5 million, $413.1 million and $400.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Originated loans sold consisted primarily of C&I and CRE loans for all periods.

(3)Includes $208.2 million, $208.4 million and $11.8 million of purchased loans sold in the secondary market for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(4)Net gains on sales of loans were $6.4 million, $8.9 million and $4.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

(5)C&I loan purchases were comprised primarily of syndicated C&I term loans.