Covered assets consist of loans receivable and OREO that were acquired in the WFIB Acquisition on June 11, 2010 and in the UCB Acquisition on November 6, 2009 for which the Company entered into shared-loss agreements with the FDIC. The shared-loss agreements covered over 99% of the loans originated by WFIB and all of the loans originated by UCB, excluding the loans originated by UCB in China under its United Commercial Bank China (Limited) subsidiary. The Company will share in the losses, which begins with the first dollar of loss incurred, on covered assets under the shared-loss agreements.

Pursuant to the terms of the shared-loss agreements, the FDIC is obligated to reimburse the Company 80% of eligible losses for both WFIB and UCB with respect to covered assets. For the UCB covered assets, the FDIC will reimburse the Company for 95% of eligible losses in excess of $2.05 billion. The Company has a corresponding obligation to reimburse the FDIC for 80% or 95%, as applicable, of eligible recoveries with respect to covered assets. The commercial loan shared-loss agreement and single-family residential mortgage loan shared-loss agreement are in effect for 5 years and 10 years, respectively, from the acquisition date and the loss recovery provisions are in effect for 8 years and 10 years, respectively, from the acquisition date.

Forty-five days following the 10th anniversary of the respective acquisition date, the Company will be required to pay to the FDIC a calculated amount, based on the specific thresholds of losses not being reached. The calculation of this potential liability as stated in the shared-loss agreements is 50% of the excess, if any of (i) 20% of the Intrinsic Loss Estimate and (ii) the sum of (A) 25% of the asset discount plus (B) 25% of the Cumulative Shared-Loss Payments plus (C) the Cumulative Servicing Amount if net losses on covered loans subject to the stated threshold is not reached. As of December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company's estimate for this liability for WFIB and UCB was $10.7 million and $7.1 million, respectively.

At each date of acquisition, we initially recognized for the loan portfolio acquired from the respective bank at fair value. This represents the discounted value of the expected cash flows from the portfolio. In estimating the nonaccretable difference, we (a) calculated the contractual amount and timing of undiscounted principal and interest payments (the "undiscounted contractual cash flows") and (b) estimated the amount and timing of undiscounted expected principal and interest payments (the "undiscounted expected cash flows"). In the determination of contractual cash flows and cash flows expected to be collected, we assume no prepayment on the ASC 310-30 nonaccrual loan pools as we do not anticipate any significant prepayments on credit impaired loans. For the ASC 310-30 accrual loans for single-family, multifamily and commercial real estate, we used a third party vendor to obtain prepayment speeds, in order to be consistent with the market participant's notion of the accounting standards. The third party vendor is recognized in the mortgage-industry for the delivery of prepayment and default models for the secondary market to identify loan level prepayment, delinquency, default, and loss propensities. The prepayment rates for the construction, land, and commercial and consumer pools have historically been low and so we applied the prepayment assumptions of our current portfolio using our internal modeling. The difference between the undiscounted contractual cash flows and the undiscounted expected cash flows is the nonaccretable difference. The nonaccretable difference represents our estimate of the credit losses expected and was considered in determining the fair value of the loans as of the acquisition date. The amount by which the undiscounted expected cash flows exceed the estimated fair value (the "accretable yield") is accreted into interest income over the life of the loans. The Company has elected to account for all covered loans acquired in the FDIC-assisted acquisitions under ASC 310-30.

The carrying amounts and the composition of the covered loans as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:

	December 31,

	2011			2010
	(In thousands)
Real estate loans:
Residential single-family	$	442,732		$	553,541
Residential multifamily		918,941			1,093,331
Commercial and industrial real estate		1,773,760			2,085,674
Construction and land		653,045			1,043,717

Total real estate loans		3,788,478			4,776,263

Other loans:
Commercial business		831,762			1,072,020
Other consumer		97,844			107,490

Total other loans		929,606			1,179,510

Total principal balance		4,718,084			5,955,773
Covered discount		(788,295	)		(1,150,672	)

Net valuation of loans		3,929,789			4,805,101
Allowance on covered loans		(6,647	)		(4,225	)

Total covered loans, net	$	3,923,142		$	4,800,876

Credit Quality Indicators—The covered loans acquired are and will continue to be subject to the Bank's internal and external credit review and monitoring. The same credit quality indicators are reviewed for the covered portfolio as the non-covered portfolio, to enable the monitoring of the borrower's credit and the likelihood of repayment.

Loans are risk rated based on analysis of the current state of the borrower's credit quality. The analysis of credit quality includes review of all sources of repayment, the borrower's current financial and liquidity status and all other relevant information. The Company utilizes an eight grade risk rating system, where a higher grade represents a higher level of credit risk. The eight grade risk rating system can be generally classified by the following categories: Pass or Watch, Special Mention, Substandard, Doubtful and Loss. The risk ratings reflect the relative strength of the sources of repayment. Refer to Footnote 9 for full discussion of risk ratings.

In December 2010, after a year of historical performance of the covered loans acquired through the UCB acquisition, the Company reduced the nonaccretable difference, due to the performance of the portfolio and expectation for the inherent losses in the portfolio. This reduction was primarily calculated based on the risk ratings of the loans. If credit deteriorates beyond the respective acquisition date fair value amount of the covered loans under ASC 310-30, such deterioration will be reserved for and a provision for credit losses will be charged to earnings with a partially offsetting noninterest income item reflected in the increase to the FDIC indemnification asset or receivable. As of December 31, 2011, there is no allowance for the covered loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 related to credit deterioration, as the credit has not deteriorated beyond fair value at acquisition date.

As of the acquisition date, WFIB's and UCB's loan portfolios included unfunded commitments for commercial lines of credit, construction draws and other lending activity. The total commitment outstanding as of the acquisition date is covered under the shared-loss agreements. However, any additional advances on these loans subsequent to acquisition date are not accounted for under ASC 310-30. Included in the table below are $583.8 million of additional advances, under the shared-loss agreements which are not accounted for under ASC 310-30. The bank has considered these additional advances on commitments covered under the shared-loss agreements in the allowance for loan losses calculation. These additional advances are within our loan segments as follows: $390.3 million of commercial and industrial loans, $149.1 million of commercial real estate loans, $31.6 million of consumer loans and $12.7 million of residential loans. As of December 31, 2011, $6.6 million, or 3.1%, of the total allowance is allocated to these additional advances on loans covered under the shared-loss agreements. This $6.6 million in allowance is allocated within our loan segments as follows: $4.0 million for commercial real estate loans, $2.4 million for commercial and industrial loans, and $174 thousand for consumer loans and $70 thousand for residential loans.

	Pass/Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total

	(In thousands)
December 31, 2011
Real estate loans:
Residential single-family	$	427,918	$	1,085	$	13,729	$	—	$	442,732
Residential multifamily		779,694		26,124		113,123		—		918,941
Commercial and industrial real estate		1,249,781		43,810		472,003		8,166		1,773,760
Construction and land		242,996		40,859		362,958		6,232		653,045

Total real estate loans		2,700,389		111,878		961,813		14,398		3,788,478

Other loans:
Commercial business		643,117		34,707		149,253		4,685		831,762
Other consumer		96,342		—		1,502		—		97,844

Total other loans		739,459		34,707		150,755		4,685		929,606

Total principal balance	$	3,439,848	$	146,585	$	1,112,568	$	19,083	$	4,718,084

	Pass/Watch		Special Mention		Substandard		Doubtful		Total

	(In thousands)
December 31, 2010
Real estate loans:
Residential single-family	$	525,979	$	2,153	$	25,157	$	252	$	553,541
Residential multifamily		1,008,274		15,114		67,366		2,577		1,093,331
Commercial and industrial real estate		1,520,135		89,870		466,588		9,081		2,085,674
Construction and land		328,214		125,688		556,070		33,745		1,043,717

Total real estate loans		3,382,602		232,825		1,115,181		45,655		4,776,263

Other loans:
Commercial business		834,252		64,702		161,401		11,665		1,072,020
Other consumer		106,232		336		922		—		107,490

Total other loans		940,484		65,038		162,323		11,665		1,179,510

Total principal balance	$	4,323,086	$	297,863	$	1,277,504	$	57,320	$	5,955,773

Credit Risk and Concentrations—At each respective acquisition date the covered loans were grouped into pools of loans with similar characteristics and risk factors per ASC 310-30. The pools were first developed based on loan categories and performance status. As of December 31, 2011 UCB covered loans represent approximately 94% of total covered loans. For the UCB acquisition, the loans were further segregated among the former UCB domestic, Hong Kong, and China portfolios, representing the three general geographic regions. In addition, the Company evaluated the make-up of geographic regions within the construction, land, and multi-family loan portfolios and further segregated these pools into distressed and non-distressed regions based on our historical experience of real estate loans within the non-covered portfolio. As of the date of acquisition 64% of the UCB portfolio was located in California, 10% was located in Hong Kong and 11% was located in New York. This assessment was factored into the day one valuation and discount applied to the loans. As such, geographic concentration risk is considered in the covered loan discount. As of December 31, 2011, credit related to the covered loans has not deteriorated beyond the fair value at acquisition date.

At December 31, 2011 and 2010, $194.5 million and $379.8 million, respectively, of the ASC 310-30 credit impaired loans were considered to be nonaccrual loans.

The following table sets forth information regarding covered nonperforming assets as of the dates indicated:

	December 31, 2011		December 31, 2010

	(In thousands)
Covered nonaccrual loans⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾	$	194,506	$	379,797
Covered loans past due 90 days or more but not on nonaccrual		—		—

Total nonperforming loans		194,506		379,797
Other real estate owned covered, net		63,624		123,902

Total covered nonperforming assets	$	258,130	$	503,699

As of December 31, 2011, we had 82 covered OREO properties with a combined aggregate carrying value of $63.6 million. Approximately 57% and 28% of covered OREO properties as of December 31, 2011 were located in California and Washington, respectively. As of December 31, 2010, we had 114 covered OREO properties with an aggregate carrying value of $123.9 million. During 2011, 131 properties with an aggregate carrying value of $122.2 million were added through foreclosure. The aggregate carrying value at December 31, 2011 includes $26.3 million in net write-downs on covered OREO. During 2011, we sold 163 covered OREO properties for total proceeds of $159.2 million resulting in a total combined net gain on sale of $3.0 million.

Changes in the accretable yield for the covered loans for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 is as follows:

	2011			2010

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	1,153,272		$	983,107
Additions⁽¹⁾		—			82,997
Accretion		(208,887	)		(183,835	)
Changes in expected cash flows		(159,220	)		271,003

Balance at end of period	$	785,165		$	1,153,272

The excess of cash flows expected to be collected over the recorded investment of acquired loans is referred to as the accretable yield and is accreted into interest income over the estimated life of the acquired loans using the effective yield method. The accretable yield will change due to:

In December 2010, after over a year of historical performance of the UCB portfolio, the bank concluded that the credit quality is performing better than originally estimated. As such, the bank reduced the nonaccretable discount on the UCB covered loan portfolio in December 2010. By lowering the nonaccretable discount, the overall accretable yield will increase thus increasing the interest income recognized over the remaining life of the loans.

From December 31, 2010 to December 31, 2011, excluding scheduled principal payments, a total of $778.7 million of loans were removed from the covered loans accounted under ASC 310-30 due to loans being paid in full, sold, or transferred to covered OREO. The loan discount of $102.1 million related to these payoffs and removals was recorded as an adjustment to interest income in 2011.

From December 31, 2009 to December 31, 2010, excluding scheduled principal payments, a total of $1.05 billion of loans were removed from the covered loans accounted under ASC 310-30 due to loans being paid in full, sold, or transferred to covered OREO. The loan discount of $136.5 million related to these payoffs and removals was recorded as an adjustment to interest income in 2010.

From the acquisition date of November 6, 2009 to December 31, 2009, excluding scheduled principal payments, a total of $333.8 million of loans were removed from the covered loans accounted under ASC 310-30 due to loans being paid in full, sold, or transferred to covered OREO. The loan discount of $74.4 million related to these payoffs and removals was recorded as an adjustment to interest income in 2009.

Due to the fourth quarter 2010 reduction of the nonaccretable difference on the UCB covered loan portfolio, the expected reimbursement from the FDIC under the loss-sharing agreement decreased. The Company is amortizing the difference between the recorded amount of the FDIC indemnification asset and the expected reimbursement from the FDIC over the life of the indemnification asset. The amortization is in line with the improved accretable yield as discussed above. As such, the Company now has net amortization of the FDIC indemnification asset against income. For the year ended December 31, 2011, the Company recorded $59.9 million of amortization against income, compared to $14.7 million of accretion for the year ended December 31, 2010. For the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company also recorded $210.4 million and $355.5 million, respectively, reduction to the FDIC indemnification asset resulting from paydowns, payoffs, loan sales, and charge-offs. Additionally, during 2011 and 2010, respectively, $3.6 million and $7.1 million were recorded as the increase in the estimate of liability owed to the FDIC at the completion of the FDIC loss share agreements.

	2011			2010

	(In thousands)
Balance at beginning of period	$	785,035		$	1,091,814
Addition due to WFIB acquisition		—			41,131
(Amortization) Accretion		(59,929	)		14,678
Reductions⁽¹⁾⁽²⁾		(210,365	)		(355,490	)
Estimate of FDIC repayment⁽³⁾		(3,606	)		(7,098	)

Balance at end of period	$	511,135		$	785,035

⁽¹⁾: Reductions relate to higher cash flows received from principal amortization, partial prepayments, loan payoffs and loan sales.
⁽²⁾: For the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, the reduction amount of $210.4 million also includes charge-offs, of which $126.4 million of these charge-offs are recoverable from the FDIC and recorded in other assets until reimbursement is received. For the twelve months ended December 31, 2010, the reduction amount of $355.5 million also includes charge-offs, of which $227.6 million are recoverable from the FDIC and recorded in other assets. Reductions relate to higher cash flows received from principal amortization, partial prepayments, loan payoffs and loan sales and the reduction of the credit discount.
⁽³⁾: This represents the change in the calculated estimate the Company will be required to pay the FDIC at the end of the FDIC loss share agreements, due to lower thresholds of losses.

As of December 31, 2011, the FDIC loss sharing receivable was $76.6 million as compared to $62.6 million as of December 31, 2010. This receivable represents 80% of reimbursable amounts from the FDIC that have not yet been received. These reimbursable amounts include net charge-offs, loan-related expenses and OREO-related expenses. 100% of the loan-related and OREO expenses are recorded as noninterest expense, 80% of any reimbursable expense is recorded as noninterest income, netting to the 20% of actual expense paid by the Company. The FDIC shares in 80% of recoveries received. Thus, the FDIC receivable is reduced when we receive payment from the FDIC as well as when recoveries occur. The FDIC loss-sharing receivable is included in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheet.