Vanguard Money Market Funds
Prospectus
Investor Shares & Admiral™ Shares
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund Admiral Shares (VMRXX) Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund Investor Shares (VMFXX)
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund Investor Shares (VUSXX)
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund Investor Shares (VUSXX)
(Fees paid directly from your investment)
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Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases |
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Purchase Fee |
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Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends |
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Redemption Fee |
|
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Account Service Fee Per Year
(for certain fund account balances below $5,000,000) |
$ |
(Expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
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| |
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Management Fees |
% |
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12b-1 Distribution Fee |
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Other Expenses |
% |
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Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
% |
1
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
2
3
1 The year-to-date return as of the most recent calendar quarter, which ended on September 30, 2024, was 4.02%.
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Total Return |
Quarter |
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
4
|
|
1 Year |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund
Admiral Shares |
% |
% |
% |
|
FTSE 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index
(reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) |
% |
% |
% |
|
U.S. Government Money Market Funds Average |
|
|
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Investment Advisor
The Vanguard Group, Inc. (Vanguard)
Portfolio Manager
Nafis T. Smith, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has managed the Fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem shares online through our website (vanguard.com), by mail (The Vanguard Group, P.O. Box 982901, El Paso, TX 79998-2901), or by telephone (800-662-2739). When your trade is processed depends on the day and time Vanguard receives your request in good order and the manner in which it is submitted. Generally, trades placed after the close of business are processed during the next business day. The minimum investment amount required to open and maintain a Fund account for Admiral Shares is $3,000. The minimum investment amount required to add to an existing Fund account is generally $1. Financial intermediaries, institutional clients, and Vanguard-advised clients should contact Vanguard for special eligibility rules that may apply to them regarding Admiral Shares. If you are investing through an intermediary, please contact that firm directly for more information regarding your eligibility. If you are investing through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, your plan administrator or your benefits office can provide you with detailed information on how you can invest through your plan.
5
Tax Information
The Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, such as an IRA or an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, special tax rules apply. You should consult your own tax advisor with respect to any particular U.S. or non-U.S. tax consequences of your investment in the Fund.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The Fund and its investment advisor do not pay financial intermediaries for sales of Fund shares.
6
(Fees paid directly from your investment)
|
| |
|
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases |
|
|
Purchase Fee |
|
|
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends |
|
|
Redemption Fee |
|
|
Account Service Fee Per Year
(for certain fund account balances below $5,000,000) |
$ |
(Expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
|
| |
|
Management Fees |
% |
|
12b-1 Distribution Fee |
|
|
Other Expenses |
% |
|
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
% |
7
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
$ |
$ |
$ |
$ |
8
9
1 The year-to-date return as of the most recent calendar quarter, which ended on September 30, 2024, was 4.01%.
|
|
Total Return |
Quarter |
|
|
% |
|
|
|
% |
|
|
|
1 Year |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund Investor Shares |
% |
% |
% |
|
FTSE 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index
(reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) |
% |
% |
% |
|
U.S. Government Money Market Funds Average |
|
|
|
10
Investment Advisor
The Vanguard Group, Inc. (Vanguard)
Portfolio Manager
John C. Lanius, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has managed the Fund since 2007.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem shares online through our website (vanguard.com), by mail (The Vanguard Group, P.O. Box 982901, El Paso, TX 79998-2901), or by telephone (800-662-2739). When your trade is processed depends on the day and time Vanguard receives your request in good order and the manner in which it is submitted. Generally, trades placed after the close of business are processed during the next business day. The minimum investment amount required to open and maintain a Fund account for Investor Shares is $3,000. The minimum investment amount required to add to an existing Fund account is generally $1. Financial intermediaries, institutional clients, and Vanguard-advised clients should contact Vanguard for information on special eligibility rules that may apply to them regarding Investor Shares. If you are investing through an intermediary, please contact that firm directly for more information regarding your eligibility. If you are investing through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, your plan administrator or your benefits office can provide you with detailed information on how you can invest through your plan.
Tax Information
The Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, such as an IRA or an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, special tax rules apply. You should consult your own tax advisor with respect to any particular U.S. or non-U.S. tax consequences of your investment in the Fund.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The Fund and its investment advisor do not pay financial intermediaries for sales of Fund shares.
11
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund
Investment Objective
The Fund seeks to provide current income while maintaining liquidity and a stable share price of $1.
Fees and Expenses
The following tables describe the fees and expenses you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund. You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and example below.
Shareholder Fees
(Fees paid directly from your investment)
(Fees paid directly from your investment)
|
| |
|
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Purchases |
None |
|
Purchase Fee |
None |
|
Sales Charge (Load) Imposed on Reinvested Dividends |
None |
|
Redemption Fee |
None |
|
Account Service Fee Per Year
(for certain fund account balances below $5,000,000) |
$25 |
Annual Fund Operating Expenses
(Expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
(Expenses that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your investment)
|
| |
|
Management Fees |
0.08
% |
|
12b-1 Distribution Fee |
None |
|
Other Expenses |
0.01
% |
|
Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.09
% |
12
Example
The following example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other mutual funds. It illustrates the hypothetical expenses that you would incur over various periods if you were to invest $10,000 in the Fund’s shares. This example assumes that the Fund provides a return of 5% each year and that total annual fund operating expenses remain as stated in the preceding table. You would incur these hypothetical expenses whether or not you were to redeem your investment at the end of the given period. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would be:
|
1 Year |
3 Years |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
$9 |
$29 |
$51 |
$115 |
Principal Investment Strategies
The Fund invests solely in high-quality, short-term money market instruments whose interest and principal payments are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. Under normal circumstances, at least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities; the remainder of the assets will also be invested in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. The only repurchase agreements that the Fund will invest in are those with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York that are fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. The Fund maintains a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less.
Government money market funds are required to invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash, U.S. government securities, and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized solely by U.S. government securities or cash (collectively, government securities). The Fund generally invests 100% of its assets in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities and therefore satisfies the 99.5% requirement for designation as a government money market fund.
Government money market funds are required to invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash, U.S. government securities, and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized solely by U.S. government securities or cash (collectively, government securities). The Fund generally invests 100% of its assets in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities and therefore satisfies the 99.5% requirement for designation as a government money market fund.
13
Principal Risks
The Fund is designed for investors with a low tolerance for risk; however, the Fund is subject to the following risks, which could affect the Fund’s performance and the level of risk may vary based on market conditions:
• Income risk, which is the chance that the Fund’s income will decline because of falling interest rates. Because the Fund’s income is based on short-term interest rates—which can fluctuate significantly over short periods—income risk is expected to be high. A low or negative interest rate environment will adversely affect the Fund’s return. Low or negative interest rates, depending on their duration and severity, could prevent the Fund from, among other things, providing a positive yield and/or maintaining a stable share price of $1.
• Manager risk, which is the chance that poor security selection will cause the Fund to underperform relevant benchmarks or other funds with a similar investment objective.
• Repurchase agreements risk, which is the chance that a counterparty to a repurchase agreement may not fulfill its contractual obligations causing the Fund to lose money, suffer delays, or incur costs arising from holding or selling the underlying security.
You could lose money by investing in the Fund. Although the Fund seeks to preserve the value of your investment at $1.00 per share, it cannot guarantee it will do so. An investment in the Fund is not a bank account and is not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency. The Fund’s sponsor is not required to reimburse the Fund for losses, and you should not expect that the sponsor will provide financial support to the Fund at any time, including during periods of market stress.
14
Annual Total Returns
The following bar chart and table are intended to help you understand the risks of investing in the Fund. The bar chart shows how the performance of the Fund has varied from one calendar year to another over the periods shown. The table shows how the average annual total returns of the Fund compare with those of a relevant market index and a comparative benchmark, which have investment characteristics similar to those of the Fund. Returns for the iMoneyNet Money Fund Report’s 100% Treasury Funds Average are derived from data provided by iMoneyNet, Inc. Keep in mind that the Fund’s past performance does not indicate how the Fund will perform in the future. Updated performance information is available on our website at vanguard.com/performance.
Annual Total Returns — Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund Investor Shares1
1 The year-to-date return as of the most recent calendar quarter, which ended on September 30, 2024, was 4.02%.
During the periods shown in the bar chart, the highest and lowest returns for a calendar quarter were:
|
|
Total Return |
Quarter |
|
Highest |
1.34
% |
December 31, 2023 |
|
Lowest |
0.00
% |
March 31, 2015 |
Average Annual Total Returns for Periods Ended December 31, 2023
|
|
1 Year |
5 Years |
10 Years |
|
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund Investor Shares |
5.05
% |
1.82
% |
1.19
% |
|
FTSE 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index
(reflects no deduction for fees or expenses) |
5.26
% |
1.91
% |
1.25
% |
|
iMoneyNet Money Fund Report’s 100 percent Treasury
Funds Average |
4.68 |
1.56 |
0.94
|
15
Investment Advisor
The Vanguard Group, Inc. (Vanguard)
Portfolio Manager
Nafis T. Smith, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has managed the Fund since 2017.
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
You may purchase or redeem shares online through our website (vanguard.com), by mail (The Vanguard Group, P.O. Box 982901, El Paso, TX 79998-2901), or by telephone (800-662-2739). When your trade is processed depends on the day and time Vanguard receives your request in good order and the manner in which it is submitted. Generally, trades placed after the close of business are processed during the next business day. The minimum investment amount required to open and maintain a Fund account for Investor Shares is $3,000. The minimum investment amount required to add to an existing Fund account is generally $1. Financial intermediaries, institutional clients, and Vanguard-advised clients should contact Vanguard for information on special eligibility rules that may apply to them regarding Investor Shares. If you are investing through an intermediary, please contact that firm directly for more information regarding your eligibility. If you are investing through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, your plan administrator or your benefits office can provide you with detailed information on how you can invest through your plan.
Tax Information
The Fund’s distributions may be taxable as ordinary income or capital gains. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, such as an IRA or an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, special tax rules apply. You should consult your own tax advisor with respect to any particular U.S. or non-U.S. tax consequences of your investment in the Fund.
Payments to Financial Intermediaries
The Fund and its investment advisor do not pay financial intermediaries for sales of Fund shares.
16
Investing in Money Market Funds
Under Rule 2a-7, the following are the main categories of money market funds:
• Retail money market funds, which may maintain a stable net asset value (NAV) but are subject to discretionary liquidity fees.
• Government money market funds, which may maintain a stable NAV but are not required to implement liquidity fees and, effective October 2, 2024, mandatory liquidity fees.
• Institutional money market funds, which are required to have a floating NAV and are subject to liquidity fees.
Vanguard has designated Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund, Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund, and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund as government money market funds.
Government money market funds are required to invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in cash, U.S. government securities, and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized solely by U.S. government securities or cash (collectively, government securities). Each Fund generally invests 100% of its assets in government securities and therefore satisfies the 99.5% requirement for designation as a government money market fund.
Government money market funds can also maintain a stable $1.00 NAV through the use of amortized cost accounting and may, but are not required to, implement liquidity fees. Each Fund will continue to use amortized cost to transact at a stable $1.00 NAV.
The Funds do not currently intend to voluntarily implement liquidity fees.
Each Fund is subject to money market fund reform regulatory risk, which is the chance that recently adopted money market fund reforms will affect the Fund’s investment strategy, fees and expenses, portfolio, share liquidity, and return potential.
17
More on the Funds
This prospectus describes the principal risks you would face as a Fund shareholder. It is important to keep in mind one of the main principles of investing: generally, the higher the risk of losing money, the higher the potential reward. The reverse, also, is generally true: the lower the risk, the lower the potential reward. As you consider an investment in any mutual fund, you should take into account your personal tolerance for fluctuations in the securities markets. Throughout the prospectus, this
symbol is used to mark detailed information about some of the risks that you would confront as a Fund shareholder. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual fund investors, we have provided Plain Talk® explanations along the way. Reading the prospectus will help you decide whether a Fund is the right investment for you. We suggest that you keep this prospectus for future reference.
symbol is used to mark detailed information about some of the risks that you would confront as a Fund shareholder. To highlight terms and concepts important to mutual fund investors, we have provided Plain Talk® explanations along the way. Reading the prospectus will help you decide whether a Fund is the right investment for you. We suggest that you keep this prospectus for future reference. |
Plain Talk About Costs of Investing |
|
Costs are an important consideration in choosing a mutual fund. That is
because you, as a shareholder, pay a proportionate share of the costs of
operating a fund and any transaction costs incurred when the fund buys or
sells securities. These costs can erode a substantial portion of the gross
income or the capital appreciation a fund achieves. Even seemingly small
differences in expenses can, over time, have a dramatic effect on a
fund’s performance. |
The following sections explain the principal investment strategies and policies that each Fund uses in pursuit of its investment objective. The Funds’ boards of trustees, which oversee each Fund’s management, may change investment strategies or policies in the interest of shareholders without a shareholder vote, unless those strategies or policies are designated as fundamental.
Each Fund generally invests 100% of its assets in government securities and therefore satisfies the 99.5% requirement for designation as a government money market fund. Each Fund’s policy of investing at least 99.5% of its assets in government securities may be changed only upon 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund’s and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund’s policies of investing at least 80% of their assets in securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund’s policy of investing at least 80% of its assets in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities also may be changed only upon 60 days’ notice to shareholders.
Each Fund generally invests 100% of its assets in government securities and therefore satisfies the 99.5% requirement for designation as a government money market fund. Each Fund’s policy of investing at least 99.5% of its assets in government securities may be changed only upon 60 days’ notice to shareholders. Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund’s and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund’s policies of investing at least 80% of their assets in securities issued by the U.S. government and its agencies and instrumentalities and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund’s policy of investing at least 80% of its assets in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities also may be changed only upon 60 days’ notice to shareholders.
18
Market Exposure
Each Fund’s principal strategy is to invest in very high-quality money market instruments. Also known as cash equivalent investments, these instruments are considered short-term (i.e., they usually mature in 397 days or less). Each Fund maintains a dollar-weighted average maturity of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life of 120 days or less. Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund invests more than 25% of its assets in securities issued by companies in the financial services industry, which includes, without limitation, securities issued by certain government-sponsored enterprises.
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Plain Talk About Money Market Instruments |
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The term “money market instruments” refers to a variety of short-term, liquid
investments, usually with maturities of 397 days or less. Some common
types are U.S. Treasury bills and notes, which are securities issued by the
U.S. government; agency securities, which are securities issued or
guaranteed by a U.S. executive agency or government-sponsored enterprise;
commercial paper, which is a promissory note issued by a large company or
a financial firm; banker’s acceptances, which are credit instruments
guaranteed by banks; and negotiable certificates of deposit, which are
promissory notes issued by banks in large denominations. Money market
investments can pay fixed, variable, or floating rates of interest. |
Each Fund is subject to income risk, which is the chance that the Fund’s income will decline because of falling interest rates. A fund’s income declines when interest rates fall because the fund then must invest new cash flow and cash from maturing instruments in lower-yielding instruments. Because each Fund’s income is based on short-term interest rates—which can fluctuate significantly over short periods—income risk is expected to be high.
A low or negative interest rate environment could magnify the risks associated with changes in interest rates and adversely affect each Fund’s return. Low or negative interest rates, depending on their duration and severity, can prevent the Fund from providing a positive yield to its shareholders, paying expenses out of current income, and/or achieving its investment objective, including maintaining a stable share price of $1. A wide variety of market factors can cause interest rates to rise or fall, including central bank monetary policy, inflationary or deflationary pressures, and changes in general market and economic conditions.
19
Market disruptions can adversely affect local and global markets as well as normal market conditions and operations. Any such disruptions could have an adverse impact on the value of a Fund’s investments and Fund performance.
Security Selection
Vanguard, advisor to the Funds, selects high-quality money market instruments. Each Fund generally focuses on securities of a particular class of issuer (the U.S. government or U.S. governmental agencies).
Each Fund is subject to manager risk, which is the chance that poor security selection will cause the Fund to underperform relevant benchmarks or other funds with a similar investment objective.
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Plain Talk About Credit Quality |
|
A money market instrument’s credit quality is an assessment of the issuer’s
ability to pay interest and, ultimately, to repay the principal. The lower the
credit quality, the greater the perceived chance that the issuer will default, or
fail to meet its payment obligations. Direct U.S. Treasury obligations, along
with other securities backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S.
government, generally are determined to have the highest credit quality. All
things being equal, money market instruments with greater credit risk offer
higher yields. |
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund invests primarily in securities issued by U.S. governmental agencies and instrumentalities whose interest and principal payments are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such as those issued by the U.S. Treasury and the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA). The Fund also may invest in securities issued by U.S. governmental agencies and instrumentalities whose interest and principal payments are neither guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury nor backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. These agencies and instrumentalities include, among others, the Federal Home Loan Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association, and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund is subject to industry concentration risk, which is the chance that the Fund’s performance will be significantly affected, for better or for worse, by developments in the financial services industry.
20
More than 25% of Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund’s assets are invested in instruments issued by companies in the financial services industry. The Fund considers the financial services industry to include issuers principally engaged in providing financial services to consumers and industry, such as securities issued by government-sponsored enterprises, including the Federal National Mortgage Association, the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation, the Federal Home Loan Banks, and the Federal Farm Credit Banks Funding Corporation; U.S. and foreign banks; insurance companies; real estate-related companies (i.e., companies having at least 50% of their assets, revenues, or net income related to, or derived from, the real estate industry); securities firms; and leasing companies, among others. Because of this concentration, changes in economic, regulatory, and political conditions that affect financial services issuers could have a significant effect on the Fund. These conditions include changes in interest rates and defaults in payments by borrowers.
Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund invests primarily in securities issued by U.S. governmental agencies and instrumentalities whose interest and principal payments are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, such as those issued by the U.S. Treasury and the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA). The Fund also may invest in securities issued by U.S. governmental agencies and instrumentalities whose interest and principal payments are neither guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury nor backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. These agencies and instrumentalities include, among others, the Federal Home Loan Banks, the Federal National Mortgage Association, and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation.
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund invests solely in securities whose interest and principal payments are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. At least 80% of the Fund’s assets will be invested in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. The remainder of the Fund’s assets will also be invested in U.S. Treasury securities and in repurchase agreements fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities.
The market values of U.S. government and agency securities and U.S. Treasury securities are subject to fluctuation and the expectation that the U.S. Treasury will be able to honor its obligations.
21
|
Plain Talk About U.S. Government-Sponsored Enterprises |
|
A variety of U.S. government-sponsored enterprises (GSEs), such as the
Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC), the Federal National
Mortgage Association (FNMA), and the Federal Home Loan Banks (FHLBs),
issue debt and mortgage-backed securities. Although GSEs may be chartered
or sponsored by acts of Congress, they are not funded by congressional
appropriations. In September of 2008, the U.S. Treasury placed FNMA and
FHLMC under conservatorship and appointed the Federal Housing Finance
Agency (FHFA) to manage their daily operations. In addition, the U.S. Treasury
entered into purchase agreements with FNMA and FHLMC to provide them
with capital in exchange for senior preferred stock. Generally, a GSE’s
securities are neither issued nor guaranteed by the U.S. Treasury and are not
backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government. In most cases, these
securities are supported only by the credit of the GSE, standing alone. In some
cases, a GSE’s securities may be supported by the ability of the GSE to
borrow from the U.S. Treasury or may be supported by the U.S. government in
some other way. Securities issued by the Government National Mortgage
Association (GNMA), however, are backed by the full faith and credit of the
U.S. government. |
Each Fund is subject, to a limited extent, to credit risk, which is the chance that the issuer of a security will fail to pay interest or principal in a timely manner or that negative perceptions of the issuer’s ability to make such payments will cause the price of that security to decline.
The three Funds differ mainly in terms of credit risk. Overall, each Fund’s investments are in securities considered to be of high credit quality.
In relative terms, Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund, which invests in securities backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, offers the lowest credit risk—and generally the lowest yield—of the three Funds.
Because some of the securities included in Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government, the potential credit risk and yield for the Funds are somewhat higher than for Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund.
Under certain circumstances, the exposure to a single issuer could cause Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund or Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund to fail to maintain a share price of $1.
22
Although each Fund invests in high-quality money market instruments, the three Funds are not insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other agency of the U.S. government.
Each Fund reserves the right to invest in repurchase agreements, which subjects each Fund to the risk that a counterparty to a repurchase agreement may not fulfill its contractual obligations causing the Fund to lose money, suffer delays, or incur costs arising from holding or selling the underlying security.
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund will invest only in repurchase agreements with the Federal Reserve Bank of New York fully collateralized by U.S. Treasury securities. Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund reserves the right to change this policy at any time and without prior notice to shareholders.
|
Plain Talk About Repurchase Agreements |
|
Repurchase agreements are contracts in which a bank, securities dealer, or
other counterparty that meets minimum credit requirements sells government
securities and agrees to repurchase the securities on a specific date
(normally the next business day) at a specific price. |
Repurchase agreements carry several risks. For instance, if the seller is unable to repurchase the securities as promised, a Fund may experience a loss when trying to sell the securities to another buyer. Also, if the seller becomes insolvent, a bankruptcy court may determine that the securities do not belong to the Fund and order that the securities be used to pay off the seller’s debts. The Funds’ advisor believes that these risks can be controlled through careful security and counterparty selection and monitoring.
Each Fund reserves the right to invest, to a limited extent, in adjustable-rate securities, which are a type of derivative.
An adjustable-rate security’s interest rate, as the name implies, is not set; instead, it fluctuates periodically. Generally, the security’s yield is based on a U.S. dollar-based interest rate benchmark such as the federal funds rate, the 90-day U.S. Treasury bill rate, or another reference rate. Adjustable-rate securities reset their yields on a periodic basis (e.g., daily, weekly, or quarterly) or upon a change in the benchmark interest rate. These yields are closely correlated to changes in money market interest rates.
23
The Funds will not use derivatives for speculation or for the purpose of leveraging (amplifying) investment returns.
|
Plain Talk About Derivatives |
|
A derivative is a financial contract whose value is based on the value of a
financial asset (such as a stock, a bond, or a currency), a money market
benchmark (such as U.S. Treasury bill rates or the federal funds effective
rate), a physical asset (such as gold, oil, or wheat), a market index, or a
reference rate. |
In addition, Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund may each invest up to 5% of its net assets in illiquid securities. These are investments that cannot be sold or disposed of in the ordinary course of business within seven calendar days at approximately the value ascribed to it by the Fund.
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Plain Talk About Weighted Average Maturity and Weighted Average
Life |
|
A money market fund will maintain a dollar-weighted average maturity (WAM)
of 60 days or less and a dollar-weighted average life (WAL) of 120 days or
less. For purposes of calculating a fund’s WAM, the maturity of certain
longer-term adjustable-rate securities held in the portfolio will generally be
the period remaining until the next interest rate adjustment. When calculating
its WAL, the maturity for these adjustable-rate securities will generally be the
final maturity date—the date on which principal is expected to be returned in
full. Maintaining a WAL of 120 days or less limits a fund’s ability to invest in
longer-term adjustable-rate securities, which are generally more sensitive to
changes in interest rates, particularly in volatile markets. |
Cash Management
Each Fund’s daily cash balance may be invested in Vanguard Market Liquidity Fund, a government money market fund, and/or Vanguard Municipal Low Duration Fund, a short-term municipal bond fund (each, a CMT Fund). When investing in a CMT Fund, each Fund bears its proportionate share of the expenses of the CMT Fund in which it invests. Vanguard receives no additional revenue from Fund assets invested in a CMT Fund.
24
Redemption Requests
Methods used to meet redemption requests. Under normal circumstances, each Fund typically expects to meet redemptions with positive cash flows. When this is not an option, each Fund seeks to maintain its risk exposure by selling a cross section of the Fund’s holdings to meet redemptions, while also factoring in transaction costs. Additionally, a Fund may work with larger clients to implement their redemptions in a manner that is least disruptive to the portfolio; see “Potentially disruptive redemptions” under Redeeming Shares in the Investing With Vanguard section.
Under certain circumstances, including under stressed market conditions, there are additional tools that each Fund may use in order to meet redemptions, including advancing the settlement of market trades with counterparties to match investor redemption payments or delaying settlement of an investor’s transaction to match trade settlement within regulatory requirements. A Fund may also suspend payment of redemption proceeds for up to seven days; see “Emergency circumstances” under Redeeming Shares in the Investing With Vanguard section. Additionally under these unusual circumstances, a Fund may borrow money (subject to certain regulatory conditions and if available under board-approved procedures) through an interfund lending facility; through a bank line-of-credit, including a joint committed credit facility; or through an uncommitted line-of-credit from Vanguard in order to meet redemption requests.
Potential redemption activity impacts. Vanguard funds can be negatively impacted by certain large redemptions. These redemptions could occur due to a single shareholder or multiple shareholders deciding to sell a large quantity of shares of a Vanguard fund or a share class of a Vanguard fund. Large redemptions can occur for many reasons, either as a result of actions taken by Vanguard or its affiliates, or as a result of events unrelated to actions taken by Vanguard or its affiliates. For example, actions taken by Vanguard could include changes to a Vanguard fund’s advisor(s), portfolio manager(s), and/or the composition of its portfolio. For a Vanguard fund of funds, this could involve a withdrawal from an underlying Vanguard fund or a change in the allocation to the underlying Vanguard funds. Events unrelated to actions taken by Vanguard could include shareholders selling out of a Vanguard fund in response to market movements or regulatory changes.
A large redemption could adversely affect a Vanguard fund’s liquidity and net asset value (NAV). For example, a large redemption could require a Vanguard fund’s advisor(s) to sell portfolio holdings at unplanned or inopportune times. The advisor’s sale of these holdings, which is a taxable event, could require a Vanguard fund to distribute any corresponding capital gains or other taxable income to the Vanguard fund’s remaining shareholders; see Dividends, Capital
25
Gains, and Taxes for additional information. The increased trading activity could also increase underlying costs for a Vanguard fund due to commissions paid by the Vanguard fund. When large redemptions occur, a Vanguard fund reserves the right to pay all or part of the redemptions in-kind and/or delay payment of the redemption proceeds for up to seven calendar days; see “Potentially disruptive redemptions” under Redeeming Shares in the Investing With Vanguard section.
Temporary Investment Measures
Each Fund may temporarily depart from its normal investment policies and strategies—for instance, by allocating substantial assets to cash equivalent investments—in response to adverse or unusual market, economic, political, or other conditions. In doing so, each Fund may succeed in avoiding losses but may otherwise fail to achieve its investment objective.
Frequent Trading or Market-Timing
Vanguard anticipates that shareholders will purchase and sell shares of money market funds frequently because these funds are designed to offer investors a liquid investment. For this reason, the board of trustees of each Fund has determined that it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures designed to detect and deter frequent trading and market-timing in the money market fund shares. For information on frequent-trading limits of other Vanguard funds, please see the appropriate fund’s prospectus.
The Funds and Vanguard
Each Fund is a member of The Vanguard Group, Inc. (Vanguard), a family of over 200 funds. All of the funds that are members of Vanguard (other than funds of funds) share in the expenses associated with administrative services and business operations, such as personnel, office space, and equipment.
Vanguard Marketing Corporation provides marketing services to the funds. Although fund shareholders do not pay sales commissions or 12b-1 distribution fees, each fund (other than a fund of funds) or each share class of a fund (in the case of a fund with multiple share classes) pays its allocated share of the Vanguard funds’ marketing costs.
Vanguard and the Funds’ Boards may from time to time voluntarily agree to temporarily limit certain net operating expenses for each of Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund, Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund, and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund in excess of each Fund’s daily yield so as to maintain a zero or positive yield for the Fund. Vanguard and the Funds’ Boards may terminate such temporary expense limitations at any time.
26
|
Plain Talk About Vanguard’s Unique Corporate Structure |
|
Vanguard is owned jointly by the funds it oversees and thus indirectly by the
shareholders in those funds. Most other mutual funds are operated by
management companies that are owned by third parties—either public or
private stockholders—and not by the funds they serve. |
Investment Advisor
The Vanguard Group, Inc., P.O. Box 2600, Valley Forge, PA 19482, which began operations in 1975, serves as advisor to the Funds through its Fixed Income Group. As of August 31, 2024, Vanguard served as advisor for approximately
$8.3 trillion in assets. Vanguard provides investment advisory services to the Funds pursuant to the Funds’ Service Agreement and subject to the supervision and oversight of the trustees and officers of the Funds.
$8.3 trillion in assets. Vanguard provides investment advisory services to the Funds pursuant to the Funds’ Service Agreement and subject to the supervision and oversight of the trustees and officers of the Funds.
For the fiscal year ended August 31, 2024, the advisory expenses represented an effective annual rate of less than 0.01% of each Fund’s average net assets.
Under the terms of an SEC exemption, the Funds’ boards of trustees may, without prior approval from shareholders, change the terms of an advisory agreement with a third-party investment advisor or hire a new third-party investment advisor—either as a replacement for an existing advisor or as an additional advisor. Any significant change in a Fund’s advisory arrangements will be communicated to shareholders in writing. As the Funds’ sponsor and overall manager, Vanguard may provide investment advisory services to a Fund at any time. Vanguard may also recommend to the board of trustees that an advisor be hired, terminated, or replaced or that the terms of an existing advisory agreement be revised. The Funds have filed an application seeking a similar SEC exemption with respect to investment advisors that are wholly owned subsidiaries of Vanguard. If the exemption is granted, the Funds may rely on the new SEC relief.
For a discussion of why the board of trustees of each Fund approved each Fund’s investment advisory arrangement, see the Financial Statements and Other Information covering the fiscal year ended August 31.
27
The managers primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Funds are:
John C. Lanius, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has been with Vanguard since 1996, has worked in investment management since 1997, has managed investment portfolios since 2004, and has managed Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund since 2007. Education: B.A., Middlebury College.
Nafis T. Smith, Portfolio Manager at Vanguard. He has been with Vanguard since 2003, has worked in investment management since 2005, has managed investment portfolios for Vanguard since 2010, and has managed Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund since 2017. Education: B.A., Cornell University.
The Funds' Statement of Additional Information provides information about each portfolio manager’s compensation, other accounts under management, and ownership of shares of the Funds.
Dividends, Capital Gains, and Taxes
Fund Distributions
Each Fund distributes to shareholders virtually all of its net income (interest less expenses). Each Fund may also realize capital gains from the sale of its holdings and distribute these gains (net of losses) to shareholders as capital gains distributions. As a money market fund, each Fund’s distributions are expected to consist primarily of income dividends. From time to time, each Fund may also make distributions that are treated as a return of capital. Income dividends generally are declared daily and distributed monthly. In addition, each Fund may occasionally make a supplemental distribution at some other time during the year.
You can receive distributions of income or capital gains in cash, or you can have them automatically reinvested in more shares of the Fund. However, if you are investing through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, your distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional Fund shares.
You can receive distributions of income or capital gains in cash, or you can have them automatically reinvested in more shares of the Fund. However, if you are investing through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, your distributions will be automatically reinvested in additional Fund shares.
Basic Tax Points
Investors in taxable accounts should be aware of the following basic federal income tax points:
• Distributions are taxable to you whether or not you reinvest these amounts in additional Fund shares.
28
• Distributions declared and recorded in December—if paid to you by the end of January—are taxable as if received in December.
• Any income dividend distribution or short-term capital gains distribution that you receive is taxable to you as ordinary income.
• Any distribution of net long-term capital gains is taxable to you as long-term capital gains, no matter how long you have owned shares in the Fund. Because of the short-term nature of each Fund’s holdings, the Fund generally does not expect to make distributions of net long-term capital gains.
• Your cost basis in the Fund will be decreased by the amount of any return of capital that you receive. This, in turn, will affect the amount of any capital gain or loss that you realize when selling or exchanging your Fund shares.
• Return of capital distributions generally are not taxable to you until your cost basis has been reduced to zero. If your cost basis is at zero, return of capital distributions will be treated as capital gains.
• Any conversion between classes of shares of the same fund is a nontaxable event. By contrast, an exchange between classes of shares of different funds is a taxable event.
• Vanguard (or your intermediary) will send you a statement each year showing the tax status of all of your distributions.
Individuals, trusts, and estates whose income exceeds certain threshold amounts are subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on “net investment income.” Net investment income takes into account distributions paid by the Fund and capital gains from any sale or exchange of Fund shares.
Income dividends and capital gains distributions that you receive may be subject to state and local income taxes. Depending on your state’s rules, however, any dividends attributable to interest earned on direct obligations of the U.S. government may be exempt from state and local taxes. Vanguard will notify you each year how much, if any, of your dividends may qualify for this exemption.
This prospectus provides general tax information only. If you are investing through a tax-advantaged account, such as an IRA or an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, special tax rules apply. Please consult your tax advisor for detailed information about any tax consequences for you.
General Information
Backup withholding. By law, Vanguard must withhold 24% of any taxable distributions or redemptions from your account if you do not:
• Provide your correct taxpayer identification number.
• Certify that the taxpayer identification number is correct.
• Confirm that you are not subject to backup withholding.
Similarly, Vanguard (or your intermediary) must withhold taxes from your account if the IRS instructs us to do so.
29
Special notice to non-U.S. investors. The Funds offered for sale in this prospectus are primarily intended to be made available to U.S. residents and may not be appropriate for investors taxable outside of the United States. Non-U.S. investors should visit the non-U.S. investors page on our website at global.vanguard.com for information about Vanguard’s non-U.S. products.
Non-U.S. investors should be aware that U.S. withholding and estate taxes and certain U.S. tax reporting requirements under the Internal Revenue Code, as well as any non-U.S. taxes imposed by the investor’s relevant tax jurisdiction, may apply to an investment in the Funds. Non-U.S. investors should consult their own tax advisors with respect to any particular U.S. or non-U.S. tax consequences of their investment in the Funds.
Share Price
Share price, also known as NAV, is typically calculated as of the close of regular trading on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE), generally 4 p.m., Eastern time, on each day that the NYSE is open for business (a business day). In the rare event the NYSE experiences unanticipated disruptions and is unavailable at the close of the trading day, NAVs will be calculated as of the close of regular trading on the Nasdaq (or another alternate exchange if the Nasdaq is unavailable, as determined at Vanguard’s discretion), generally 4 p.m., Eastern time. The NAV per share is computed by dividing the total assets, minus liabilities, of each Fund by the number of Fund shares outstanding. On U.S. holidays or other days when the NYSE is closed, the NAV is not calculated, and the Funds do not sell or redeem shares. However, on those days the value of a Fund’s assets may be affected to the extent that the Fund holds securities that change in value on those days (such as foreign securities that trade on foreign markets that are open).
The instruments held by a Vanguard retail or government money market fund are generally valued on the basis of amortized cost. The values of any mutual fund shares, including institutional money market fund shares, held by a fund are based on the NAVs of the shares. The values of any ETF shares or closed-end fund shares held by a fund are based on the market value of the shares.
The instruments held by a Vanguard retail or government money market fund are generally valued on the basis of amortized cost. The values of any mutual fund shares, including institutional money market fund shares, held by a fund are based on the NAVs of the shares. The values of any ETF shares or closed-end fund shares held by a fund are based on the market value of the shares.
Although the Vanguard retail and government money market funds seek to maintain a stable NAV of $1 per share, a stable share price is not guaranteed. A low or negative interest rate environment could impact a fund’s ability to provide a positive yield to its shareholders, pay expenses out of current income, and/or achieve its investment objective, including maintaining a stable NAV of $1 per share.
Each Fund has authorized certain financial intermediaries and their designees, and may, from time to time, authorize certain funds of funds for which Vanguard serves as the investment advisor (Vanguard Funds of Funds), to accept orders to buy or sell fund shares on its behalf. The Fund will be deemed to receive an
30
order when accepted by the financial intermediary, its designee, or one of the Vanguard Funds of Funds, and the order will receive the NAV next computed by the Fund after such acceptance.
Vanguard money market fund yields are available on our website at vanguard.com/prices.
31
Financial Highlights
Financial highlights information is intended to help you understand a fund’s performance for the past five years (or, if shorter, its period of operations). Certain information reflects financial results for a single fund share. Total return represents the rate that an investor would have earned or lost each period on an investment in a fund or share class (assuming reinvestment of all distributions). This information has been obtained from the financial statements audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report, along with fund financial statements, is included in a fund’s most recent annual Financial Statements and Other Information. You may obtain a free copy of a fund’s latest disclosure documents upon request.
Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund
|
|
Year Ended August 31, | ||||
|
For a Share Outstanding
Throughout Each Period |
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
2021 |
2020 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Investment Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income1 |
.0530 |
.0435 |
.0047 |
.0002 |
.012 |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments |
.0001 |
(.0006) |
.0002 |
— |
— |
|
Total from Investment Operations |
.0531 |
.0429 |
.0049 |
.0002 |
.012 |
|
Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income |
(.0531) |
(.0429) |
(.0048) |
(.0002) |
(.012) |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains |
(.0000)2 |
(.0000)2 |
(.0001) |
— |
— |
|
Total Distributions |
(.0531) |
(.0429) |
(.0049) |
(.0002) |
(.012) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Total Return3 |
5.44% |
4.38% |
0.49% |
0.02% |
1.21% |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) |
$120,164 |
$108,999 |
$88,550 |
$94,883 |
$25,704 |
|
Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets4 |
0.10%5 |
0.10%5 |
0.08% |
0.07% |
0.10% |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets |
5.30% |
4.35% |
0.47% |
0.02% |
1.20% |
|
|
|
|
1 |
Calculated based on average shares outstanding. |
|
2 |
Distribution was less than $0.0001 per share. |
|
3 |
Total returns do not include account service fees that may have applied in the periods shown.
Fund prospectuses provide information about any applicable account service fees. |
|
4 |
Vanguard and the board of trustees have agreed to temporarily limit certain net operating
expenses in excess of the fund’s daily yield in order to maintain a zero or positive yield for the
fund. Vanguard and the board of trustees may terminate the temporary expense limitation at
any time. The fund is not obligated to repay this amount to Vanguard. The ratio of total
expenses to average net assets before an expense reduction was 0.10% for the years ended
August 31, 2022 and 2021. For the years ended August 31, 2024, 2023, and 2020, there were
no expense reductions. |
|
5 |
The ratio of expenses to average net assets for the period net of reduction from custody fee
offset arrangements was 0.10%. |
32
Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund
|
|
Year Ended August 31, | ||||
|
For a Share Outstanding
Throughout Each Period |
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
2021 |
2020 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Investment Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income1 |
.0529 |
.0432 |
.0050 |
.0002 |
.010 |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on
Investments |
— |
(.0005) |
(.0002) |
— |
— |
|
Total from Investment Operations |
.0529 |
.0427 |
.0048 |
.0002 |
.010 |
|
Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income |
(.0529) |
(.0427) |
(.0048) |
(.0002) |
(.010) |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Total Distributions |
(.0529) |
(.0427) |
(.0048) |
(.0002) |
(.010) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Total Return2 |
5.42% |
4.36% |
0.48% |
0.02% |
1.03% |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) |
$310,399 |
$259,989 |
$216,541 |
$194,385 |
$197,525 |
|
Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets3 |
0.11%4 |
0.11%4 |
0.09% |
0.09% |
0.11% |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net
Assets |
5.29% |
4.32% |
0.50% |
0.02% |
0.93% |
|
|
|
|
1 |
Calculated based on average shares outstanding. |
|
2 |
Total returns do not include account service fees that may have applied in the periods shown.
Fund prospectuses provide information about any applicable account service fees. |
|
3 |
Vanguard and the board of trustees have agreed to temporarily limit certain net operating
expenses in excess of the fund’s daily yield in order to maintain a zero or positive yield for the
fund. Vanguard and the board of trustees may terminate the temporary expense limitation at
any time. The fund is not obligated to repay this amount to Vanguard. The ratio of total
expenses to average net assets before an expense reduction was 0.11% for the years ended
August 31, 2022 and 2021. For the years ended August 31, 2024, 2023, and 2020, there were
no expense reductions. |
|
4 |
The ratio of expenses to average net assets for the period net of reduction from custody fee
offset arrangements was 0.11%. |
33
Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund
|
|
Year Ended August 31, | ||||
|
For a Share Outstanding
Throughout Each Period |
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
2021 |
2020 |
|
Net Asset Value, Beginning of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Investment Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Investment Income1 |
.0530 |
.0437 |
.0045 |
.0003 |
.010 |
|
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Investments |
— |
(.0015) |
— |
— |
— |
|
Total from Investment Operations |
.0530 |
.0422 |
.0045 |
.0003 |
.010 |
|
Distributions |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dividends from Net Investment Income |
(.0530) |
(.0422) |
(.0045) |
(.0003) |
(.010) |
|
Distributions from Realized Capital Gains |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
|
Total Distributions |
(.0530) |
(.0422) |
(.0045) |
(.0003) |
(.010) |
|
Net Asset Value, End of Period |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
$1.00 |
|
Total Return2 |
5.43% |
4.31% |
0.45% |
0.03% |
1.05% |
|
Ratios/Supplemental Data |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net Assets, End of Period (Millions) |
$79,936 |
$58,338 |
$34,355 |
$35,744 |
$38,547 |
|
Ratio of Total Expenses to Average Net Assets3 |
0.09%4 |
0.09%4 |
0.08% |
0.08% |
0.09% |
|
Ratio of Net Investment Income to Average Net Assets |
5.30% |
4.37% |
0.45% |
0.03% |
0.95% |
|
|
|
|
1 |
Calculated based on average shares outstanding. |
|
2 |
Total returns do not include account service fees that may have applied in the periods shown.
Fund prospectuses provide information about any applicable account service fees. |
|
3 |
Vanguard and the board of trustees have agreed to temporarily limit certain net operating
expenses in excess of the fund’s daily yield in order to maintain a zero or positive yield for the
fund. Vanguard and the board of trustees may terminate the temporary expense limitation at
any time. The fund is not obligated to repay this amount to Vanguard. The ratio of total
expenses to average net assets before an expense reduction was 0.09% for the years ended
August 31, 2022 and 2021. For the years ended August 31, 2024, 2023, and 2020, there were
no expense reductions. |
|
4 |
The ratio of expenses to average net assets for the period net of reduction from custody fee
offset arrangements was 0.09%. |
34
Investing With Vanguard
This section of the prospectus explains the basics of doing business with Vanguard. Vanguard fund shares can be held indirectly through an intermediary, such as a bank, a broker, or an investment advisor. If you hold Vanguard fund shares indirectly through an intermediary (including shares held in a brokerage account through Vanguard Brokerage Services®), please see Investing With Vanguard Through Other Firms, and also refer to your account agreement with the intermediary for information about transacting in that account. If you hold Vanguard fund shares through an employer-sponsored retirement or savings plan, please see Employer-Sponsored Plans. Vanguard reserves the right to change the policies in this section without notice. Please call or check online for current information. See Contacting Vanguard.
In certain circumstances, Vanguard fund shares can be held directly with Vanguard. If you hold Vanguard fund shares directly with Vanguard, you should carefully read each topic within this section that pertains to your relationship with Vanguard. Vanguard reserves the right, upon reasonable notice, to discontinue the ability to hold Vanguard fund shares directly with Vanguard for any or all investors and/or to transfer such shares to an affiliate or other financial institution.
For Vanguard fund shares held directly with Vanguard, each fund you hold in an account is a separate “fund account.” For example, if you hold three funds in a nonretirement account titled in your own name, two funds in a nonretirement account titled jointly with your spouse, and one fund in an individual retirement account, you have six fund accounts—and this is true even if you hold the same fund in multiple accounts. Note that each reference to “you” in this prospectus applies to any one or more registered account owners or persons authorized to transact on your account.
Purchasing Shares
Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to increase or decrease the minimum amount required to open or maintain a fund account or to add to an existing fund account.
Investment minimums may differ for certain categories of investors.
Account Minimums for Investor Shares
To open and maintain an account. $3,000. For Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund, financial intermediaries, institutional clients, and Vanguard-advised clients should contact
35
Vanguard for information on special eligibility rules that may apply to them regarding Investor Shares. If you are investing through an intermediary, please contact that firm directly for more information regarding your eligibility.
To add to an existing account. Generally $1.
Account Minimums for Admiral Shares
To open and maintain an account. $3,000. For Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund, financial intermediaries, institutional clients, and Vanguard-advised clients should contact Vanguard for information on special eligibility rules that may apply to them regarding Admiral Shares. If you are investing through an intermediary, please contact that firm directly for more information regarding your eligibility.
To add to an existing account. Generally $1.
How to Initiate a Purchase Request
Be sure to check Exchanging Shares and Other Rules You Should Know before placing your purchase request.
Online. You may open certain types of accounts, request a purchase of shares, and request an exchange through our website.
By telephone. You may call Vanguard to begin the account registration process or request that the account-opening forms be sent to you. You may also call Vanguard to request a purchase of shares in your account or to request an exchange. See Contacting Vanguard.
By mail. You may send Vanguard your account registration form and check to open a new fund account. To add to an existing fund account, you may send your check with an Invest-by-Mail form (from a transaction confirmation or your account statement) or with a deposit slip (available online).
How to Pay for a Purchase
By electronic bank transfer. You may purchase shares of a Vanguard fund through an electronic transfer of money from a bank account. To establish the electronic bank transfer service on an account, you must designate the bank account online, complete a form, or fill out the appropriate section of your account registration form. After the service is set up on your account, you can purchase shares by electronic bank transfer on a regular schedule (Automatic Investment Plan), if eligible, or upon request. Your purchase request can be initiated online (if you are registered for online access), by telephone, or by mail.
36
By wire. Wiring instructions vary for different types of purchases. Please call Vanguard for instructions and policies on purchasing shares by wire. See Contacting Vanguard.
By check. You may make initial or additional purchases to your fund account by sending a check with a deposit slip. Also see How to Initiate a Purchase Request. Make your check payable to Vanguard and include the appropriate fund number (e.g., Vanguard—xx). For a list of Fund numbers (for Funds in this prospectus), see Additional Information.
By exchange. You may purchase shares of a Vanguard fund using the proceeds from the simultaneous redemption of shares of another Vanguard fund. You may initiate an exchange online (if you are registered for online access), by telephone, or by mail with an exchange form. See Exchanging Shares.
Trade Date
The trade date for any purchase request received in good order will depend on the day and time Vanguard receives your request, the manner in which you are paying, and the type of fund you are purchasing. Your purchase will be executed using the NAV as calculated on the trade date. NAVs are calculated only on days that the NYSE is open for trading (a business day). In the rare event the NYSE experiences unanticipated disruptions and is unavailable at the close of the trading day, NAVs will be calculated as of the close of regular trading on the Nasdaq (or another alternate exchange if the Nasdaq is unavailable, as determined at Vanguard’s discretion), generally 4 p.m., Eastern time. The time selected for NAV calculation in this rare event shall also serve as the conclusion of the trading day. See Share Price under More on the Fund.
For purchases by check into all funds other than money market funds and for purchases by exchange, wire, or electronic bank transfer into all funds: If the purchase request is received by Vanguard on a business day before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time), the trade date for the purchase will be the same day. If the purchase request is received on a business day after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on a nonbusiness day, the trade date for the purchase will be the next business day.
For purchases by check into money market funds: If the purchase request is received by Vanguard on a business day before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time), the trade date for the purchase will be the next business day. If the purchase request is received on a business day after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on a nonbusiness day, the trade date for the purchase will be the second business day following the day Vanguard receives the purchase request. Because money market instruments
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must be purchased with federal funds and it takes a money market mutual fund one business day to convert check proceeds into federal funds, the trade date for the purchase will be one business day later than for other funds.
If applicable, orders by Vanguard Funds of Funds will be treated as received by a Fund at the same time that corresponding orders are received in proper form by the Vanguard Funds of Funds.
If your purchase request is not accurate and complete, it may be rejected. See Other Rules You Should Know—Good Order.
For further information about purchase transactions, consult our website at vanguard.com or see Contacting Vanguard.
Earning Dividends
You generally begin earning dividends on the business day following your trade date. When buying money market fund shares through a federal funds wire on a business day, however, you generally can begin earning dividends immediately by making a purchase request by telephone to Vanguard before 10:45 a.m., Eastern time (2 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund; 12:30 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund).
Other Purchase Rules You Should Know
Check purchases. All purchase checks must be written in U.S. dollars, be drawn on a U.S. bank, and be accompanied by good order instructions. Vanguard does not accept cash, traveler’s checks, starter checks, or money orders. In addition, Vanguard may refuse checks that are not made payable to Vanguard.
New accounts. We are required by law to obtain from you certain personal information that we will use to verify your identity. If you do not provide the information, we may not be able to open your account. If we are unable to verify your identity, Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to close your account or take such other steps as we deem reasonable. Certain types of accounts may require additional documentation.
Refused or rejected purchase requests. Vanguard reserves the right to stop selling fund shares or to reject any purchase request at any time and without notice, including, but not limited to, purchases requested by exchange from another Vanguard fund. This also includes the right to reject any purchase request because the investor has a history of frequent trading or because the purchase may negatively affect a fund’s operation or performance.
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Large purchases. Call Vanguard before attempting to invest a large dollar amount.
No cancellations. Vanguard will not accept your request to cancel any purchase request once processing has begun. Please be careful when placing a purchase request.
Redeeming Shares
How to Initiate a Redemption Request
Be sure to check Exchanging Shares and Other Rules You Should Know before placing your redemption request.
Online. You may request a redemption of shares or request an exchange through our website.
By telephone. You may call Vanguard to request a redemption of shares or an exchange. See Contacting Vanguard.
By mail. You may send a form (available online) to Vanguard to redeem from a fund account or to make an exchange.
By writing a check. If your account is eligible and you have established the checkwriting service on your account, you can redeem shares by writing a check for $250 or more.
How to Receive Redemption Proceeds
By electronic bank transfer. You may have the proceeds of a fund redemption sent directly to a designated bank account. To establish the electronic bank transfer service on an account, you must designate a bank account online, complete a form, or fill out the appropriate section of your account registration form. After the service is set up on your account, you can redeem shares by electronic bank transfer on a regular schedule (Automatic Withdrawal Plan), if eligible, or upon request. Your redemption request can be initiated online (if you are registered for online access), by telephone, or by mail.
By wire. To receive your proceeds by wire, you may instruct Vanguard to wire your redemption proceeds ($100 minimum) to a previously designated bank account. To establish the wire redemption service, you generally must designate a bank account online, complete a form, or fill out the appropriate section of your account registration form.
Please note that Vanguard charges a $10 wire fee for outgoing wire redemptions. The fee is assessed in addition to, rather than being withheld from, redemption
39
proceeds and is paid directly to the fund in which you invest. For example, if you redeem $100 via a wire, you will receive the full $100, and the $10 fee will be assessed to your fund account through an additional redemption of fund shares. If you redeem your entire fund account, your redemption proceeds will be reduced by the amount of the fee. The wire fee does not apply to accounts held by Flagship and Wealth Management clients; accounts held through intermediaries, including Vanguard Brokerage Services; or accounts held by institutional clients.
By exchange. You may have the proceeds of a Vanguard fund redemption invested directly in shares of another Vanguard fund. You may initiate an exchange online (if you are registered for online access), by telephone, or by mail. See Exchanging Shares.
By check. If you have not chosen another redemption method, Vanguard will mail you a redemption check, generally payable to all registered account owners, normally within two business days of your trade date, and generally to the address of record.
Trade Date
The trade date for any redemption request received in good order will depend on the day and time Vanguard receives your request and the manner in which you are redeeming. Your redemption will be executed using the NAV as calculated on the trade date. NAVs are calculated only on days that the NYSE is open for trading (a business day). In the rare event the NYSE experiences unanticipated disruptions and is unavailable at the close of the trading day, NAVs will be calculated as of the close of regular trading on the Nasdaq (or another alternate exchange if the Nasdaq is unavailable, as determined at Vanguard’s discretion), generally 4 p.m., Eastern time. The time selected for NAV calculation in this rare event shall also serve as the conclusion of the trading day. See Share Price under More on the Fund.
For redemptions by check, exchange, or wire: If the redemption request is received by Vanguard on a business day before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time), the trade date will be the same day. If the redemption request is received on a business day after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on a nonbusiness day, the trade date will be the next business day.
• Note on timing of wire redemptions from money market funds: For telephone requests received by Vanguard on a business day before 10:45 a.m., Eastern time (2 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund; 12:30 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund), the redemption proceeds generally will leave Vanguard
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by the close of business the same day. For telephone requests received by Vanguard on a business day after those cut-off times, or on a nonbusiness day, and for all requests other than by telephone, the redemption proceeds generally will leave Vanguard by the close of business on the next business day.
• Note on timing of wire redemptions from all other funds: For requests received by Vanguard on a business day before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time), the redemption proceeds generally will leave Vanguard by the close of business on the next business day. For requests received by Vanguard on a business day after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on a nonbusiness day, the redemption proceeds generally will leave Vanguard by the close of business on the second business day after Vanguard receives the request.
For redemptions by electronic bank transfer: If the redemption request is received by Vanguard on a business day before the close of regular trading on the NYSE (generally 4 p.m., Eastern time), the trade date will be the same day. If the redemption request is received on a business day after the close of regular trading on the NYSE, or on a nonbusiness day, the trade date will be the next business day.
If your redemption request is not accurate and complete, it may be rejected. If we are unable to send your redemption proceeds by wire or electronic bank transfer because the receiving institution rejects the transfer, Vanguard will make additional efforts to complete your transaction. If Vanguard is still unable to complete the transaction, we may send the proceeds of the redemption to you by check, generally payable to all registered account owners, or use your proceeds to purchase new shares of the fund from which you sold shares for the purpose of the wire or electronic bank transfer transaction. See Other Rules You Should Know—Good Order.
If your redemption request is received in good order, we typically expect that redemption proceeds will be paid by a Fund within one business day of the trade date; however, in certain circumstances, investors may experience a longer settlement period at the time of the transaction. For further information, see “Potentially disruptive redemptions” and “Emergency circumstances.”
For further information about redemption transactions, consult our website at vanguard.com or see Contacting Vanguard.
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Earning Dividends
You generally will continue earning dividends until the first business day following your trade date. Generally, there are two exceptions to this rule: (1) If you redeem shares by writing a check against your account, the shares will stop earning dividends on the day that your check posts to your account; and (2) For money market funds, if you redeem shares with a same-day wire request before 10:45 a.m., Eastern time, on a business day (2 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund; 12:30 p.m., Eastern time, for Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund), the shares will stop earning dividends that same day.
Other Redemption Rules You Should Know
Documentation for certain accounts. Special documentation may be required to redeem from certain types of accounts, such as trust, corporate, nonprofit, or retirement accounts. Please call us before attempting to redeem from these types of accounts.
Potentially disruptive redemptions. Vanguard reserves the right to pay all or part of a redemption in kind—that is, in the form of securities—if we reasonably believe that a cash redemption would negatively affect the fund’s operation or performance or that the shareholder may be engaged in market-timing or frequent trading. Under these circumstances, Vanguard also reserves the right to delay payment of the redemption proceeds for up to seven calendar days. By calling us before you attempt to redeem a large dollar amount, you may avoid in-kind or delayed payment of your redemption.
Recently purchased shares. Although you can redeem shares at any time, proceeds may not be made available to you until the fund collects payment for your purchase. This may take up to seven calendar days for shares purchased by check or by electronic bank transfer. If you have written a check on a fund in an account with checkwriting privileges, that check may be rejected if your fund account does not have a sufficient available balance.
Share certificates. Share certificates are no longer issued for Vanguard funds. Shares currently held in certificates cannot be redeemed, exchanged, converted, or transferred (reregistered) until you return the certificates (unsigned) to Vanguard by registered mail.
Address change. If you change your address online or by telephone, there may be up to a 14-day restriction (starting on the business day after your address is changed) on your ability to request check redemptions online and by telephone.
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You can request a redemption in writing (using a form available online) at any time. Confirmations of address changes are sent to both the old and new addresses.
Payment to a different person or address. At your request, we can make your redemption check payable, or wire your redemption proceeds, to a different person or send it to a different address. However, this generally requires the written consent of all registered account owners and may require additional documentation, such as a signature guarantee or a notarized signature. You may obtain a signature guarantee from some commercial or savings banks, credit unions, trust companies, or member firms of a U.S. stock exchange.
No cancellations. Vanguard will not accept your request to cancel any redemption request once processing has begun. Please be careful when placing a redemption request.
Emergency circumstances. Vanguard funds can postpone payment of redemption proceeds for up to seven calendar days. In addition, Vanguard funds can suspend redemptions and/or postpone payments of redemption proceeds beyond seven calendar days at times when the NYSE is closed or during emergency circumstances, as determined by the SEC. In connection with a determination by the board of trustees, in accordance with Rule 22e-3 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, a money market fund may suspend redemptions and postpone payment of redemption proceeds in order to facilitate an orderly liquidation of the fund. In addition, in accordance with Rule 2a-7 under the Investment Company Act of 1940, the board of trustees of a retail or institutional money market fund may implement discretionary liquidity fees if a retail or institutional money market fund’s board of trustees determines the fee is in the best interest of the fund.
Exchanging Shares
An exchange occurs when you use the proceeds from the redemption of shares of one Vanguard fund to simultaneously purchase shares of a different Vanguard fund. You can make exchange requests online (if you are registered for online access) or by telephone. See Purchasing Shares and Redeeming Shares.
If the NYSE is open for regular trading (generally until 4 p.m., Eastern time, on a business day) at the time an exchange request is received in good order, the trade date generally will be the same day. See Other Rules You Should Know—Good Order for additional information on all transaction requests.
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Vanguard will not accept your request to cancel any exchange request once processing has begun. Please be careful when placing an exchange request.
Call Vanguard before attempting to exchange a large dollar amount. By calling us before you attempt to exchange a large dollar amount, you may avoid delayed or rejected transactions.
Please note that Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to revise or terminate the exchange privilege, limit the amount of any exchange, or reject an exchange, at any time, for any reason.
Other Rules You Should Know
Prospectus and Shareholder Report Mailings
When two or more shareholders have the same last name and address, just one summary prospectus (or prospectus) and/or shareholder report may be sent in an attempt to eliminate the unnecessary expense of duplicate mailings. You may request individual prospectuses and reports by contacting our Client Services Department in writing, by telephone, or online. See Contacting Vanguard.
Vanguard.com
Registration. If you are a registered user of vanguard.com, you can review your account holdings; buy, sell, or exchange shares of most Vanguard funds; and perform most other transactions through our website. You must register for this service online.
Electronic delivery. Vanguard can deliver your account statements, transaction confirmations, prospectuses, certain tax forms, and shareholder reports electronically. If you are a registered user of vanguard.com, you can consent to the electronic delivery of these documents by logging on and changing your mailing preferences under “Account Maintenance.” You can revoke your electronic consent at any time through our website, and we will begin to send paper copies of these documents within 30 days of receiving your revocation.
Telephone Transactions
Automatic. When we set up your account, we will automatically enable you to do business with us by telephone, unless you instruct us otherwise in writing.
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Proof of a caller’s authority. We reserve the right to refuse a telephone request if the caller is unable to provide the requested information or if we reasonably believe that the caller is not an individual authorized to act on the account. Before we allow a caller to act on an account, we may request the following information:
• Authorization to act on the account (as the account owner or by legal documentation or other means).
• Account registration and address.
• Fund name and account number, if applicable.
• Other information relating to the caller, the account owner, or the account.
Good Order
We reserve the right to reject any transaction instructions that are not in “good order.” Good order generally means that your instructions:
• Are provided by the person(s) authorized in accordance with Vanguard’s policies and procedures to access the account and request transactions.
• Include the fund name and account number.
• Include the amount of the transaction (stated in dollars, shares, or percentage).
Written instructions also must generally be provided on a Vanguard form and include:
• Signature(s) and date from the authorized person(s).
• Signature guarantees or notarized signatures, if required for the type of transaction. (Call Vanguard for specific requirements.)
• Any supporting documentation that may be required.
Good order requirements may vary among types of accounts and transactions. For more information, consult our website at vanguard.com or see Contacting Vanguard.
Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to revise the requirements for good order.
Future Trade-Date Requests
Vanguard does not accept requests to hold a purchase, redemption, or exchange transaction for a future date. All such requests will receive trade dates as previously described in Purchasing Shares, Redeeming Shares, and Exchanging Shares. Vanguard reserves the right to return future-dated purchase checks.
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Accounts With More Than One Owner
If an account has more than one owner or authorized person, Vanguard generally will accept instructions from any one owner or authorized person.
Responsibility for Fraud
You should take precautions to protect yourself from fraud. Keep your account-related information private, and review any account confirmations, statements, or other information that we provide to you as soon as you receive them. Let us know immediately if you discover unauthorized activity or see something on your account that you do not understand or that looks unusual.
Vanguard will not be responsible for losses that result from transactions by a person who we reasonably believe is authorized to act on your account.
Uncashed Checks
Please cash your distribution or redemption checks promptly. Vanguard will not pay interest on uncashed checks. Vanguard may be required to transfer assets related to uncashed checks to a state under the state’s abandoned property law. Invalid Addresses If a dividend distribution or capital gains distribution check mailed to your address of record is returned as undeliverable, Vanguard will automatically reinvest the distribution and all future distributions until you provide us with a valid mailing address. Reinvestments will receive the net asset value calculated on the date of the reinvestment.
Dormant Accounts
If your account has no activity in it for a period of time, Vanguard may be required to transfer it to a state under the state’s abandoned property law, subject to potential federal or state withholding taxes.
Unusual Circumstances
If you experience difficulty contacting Vanguard online or by telephone, you can send us your transaction request on a Vanguard form by regular or express mail.
Account Service Fee
Vanguard may charge a $25 account service fee on fund accounts that have a balance below $5,000,000 for any reason, including market fluctuation. The account service fee may be applied to both retirement and nonretirement fund accounts and may be assessed on fund accounts in all Vanguard funds,
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regardless of the account minimum. The fee, which will be collected by redeeming fund shares in the amount of $25, will be deducted from fund accounts subject to the fee once per calendar year.
Vanguard Retirement Investment Program pooled plans are exempt from the account service fee.
Investing With Vanguard Through Other Firms
You may purchase or sell shares of most Vanguard funds through a financial intermediary, such as a bank, a broker, or an investment advisor. Please consult your financial intermediary to determine which, if any, shares are available through that firm and to learn about other rules that may apply. Your financial intermediary can provide you with account information and any required tax forms. You may be required to pay a commission on purchases of mutual fund shares made through a financial intermediary.
Low-Balance Accounts
Each Fund reserves the right to liquidate a fund account whose balance falls below the account minimum for any reason, including market fluctuation. This liquidation policy applies to nonretirement fund accounts and accounts that are held through intermediaries. Any such liquidation will be preceded by written notice to the investor.
Right to Change Policies
In addition to the rights expressly stated elsewhere in this prospectus, Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to (1) alter, add, or discontinue any conditions of purchase (including eligibility requirements), redemption, exchange, service, or privilege at any time and (2) alter, impose, discontinue, or waive any purchase fee, redemption fee, account service fee, or other fee charged to a shareholder or a group of shareholders. Changes may affect any or all investors. These actions will be taken when, at the sole discretion of Vanguard management, Vanguard believes they are in the best interest of a fund.
Account Restrictions
Vanguard reserves the right to: (1) redeem all or a portion of a fund/account to meet a legal obligation, including tax withholding, tax lien, garnishment order, or other obligation imposed on your account by a court or government agency; (2) redeem shares, close an account, or suspend account privileges, features, or options in the case of threatening conduct or activity; (3) redeem shares, close an account, or suspend account privileges, features, or options if Vanguard believes or suspects that not doing so could result in a suspicious, fraudulent, or illegal transaction; (4) place restrictions on the ability to redeem any or all shares
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in an account if it is required to do so by a court or government agency; (5) place restrictions on the ability to redeem any or all shares in an account if Vanguard believes that doing so will prevent fraud, financial exploitation or abuse, or to protect vulnerable investors when permitted by applicable law, regulations, or SEC guidance; (6) freeze any account and/or suspend account services if Vanguard has received reasonable notice of a dispute regarding the assets in an account, including notice of a dispute between the registered or beneficial account owners; and (7) freeze any account and/or suspend account services upon initial notification to Vanguard of the death of an account owner.
Share Classes
Vanguard reserves the right, without notice, to change the eligibility requirements of its share classes, including the types of clients who are eligible to purchase each share class.
Shareholder Rights
Each Fund’s Agreement and Declaration of Trust, as amended, requires a shareholder bringing a derivative action on behalf of Vanguard Money Market Reserves or Vanguard Admiral Funds® (the Trusts) that is subject to a pre-suit demand to collectively hold at least 10% of the outstanding shares of a Trust or at least 10% of the outstanding shares of the series or class to which the demand relates and to undertake to reimburse the Trust for the expense of any counsel or advisors used when considering the merits of the demand in the event that the board of trustees determines not to bring such action. In each case, these requirements do not apply to claims arising under the federal securities laws to the extent that any such federal securities laws, rules, or regulations do not permit such application. The Funds’ Bylaws also provide that shareholders waive the right to trial by jury to the fullest extent permitted by law.
Fund and Account Updates
Confirmation Statements
We will send (or provide through our website, whichever you prefer) a confirmation of your trade date and the amount of your transaction when you buy, sell, or exchange shares. However, we will not send confirmations reflecting only checkwriting redemptions or the reinvestment of dividend or capital gains distributions. For any month in which you had a checkwriting redemption, a Checkwriting Activity Statement will be sent to you itemizing the checkwriting redemptions for that month. Promptly review each confirmation statement that
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we provide to you. It is important that you contact Vanguard immediately with any questions you may have about any transaction reflected on a confirmation statement, or Vanguard will consider the transaction properly processed.
Portfolio Summaries
We will send (or provide through our website, whichever you prefer) quarterly portfolio summaries to help you keep track of your accounts throughout the year. Each summary shows the market value of your account at the close of the statement period, as well as all distributions, purchases, redemptions, exchanges, and transfers for the current calendar quarter (or month). Promptly review each summary that we provide to you. It is important that you contact Vanguard immediately with any questions you may have about any transaction reflected on the summary, or Vanguard will consider the transaction properly processed.
Tax Information Statements
For most accounts, Vanguard (or your intermediary) is required to provide annual tax forms to assist you in preparing your income tax returns. These forms are generally available for each calendar year early in the following year. Registered users of vanguard.com can also view certain forms through our website. Vanguard (or your intermediary) may also provide you with additional tax-related documentation. For more information, consult our website at vanguard.com or see Contacting Vanguard.
Shareholder Reports and Financial Statements
Additional information about the Funds’ investments and performance is available in the Funds’ Annual and Semi-Annual Reports. The Funds’ Financial Statements and Other Information is filed with the SEC on Form N-CSR and available on our website.
Portfolio Holdings
Please consult the Funds' Statement of Additional Information or our website for a description of the policies and procedures that govern disclosure of a Fund’s portfolio holdings.
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Employer-Sponsored Plans
Your plan administrator or your employee benefits office can provide you with detailed information on how to participate in your plan and how to elect a Fund as an investment option.
• If you have any questions about a Fund or Vanguard, including those about a Fund’s investment objective, strategies, or risks, contact Vanguard Participant Services toll-free at 800-523-1188 or visit our website at vanguard.com.
• If you have questions about your account, contact your plan administrator or the organization that provides recordkeeping services for your plan.
• Be sure to carefully read each topic that pertains to your transactions with Vanguard.
Vanguard reserves the right to change its policies without notice to shareholders.
Transactions
Processing times for your transaction requests may differ among recordkeepers or among transaction and funding types. Your plan’s recordkeeper (which may also be Vanguard) will determine the necessary processing time frames for your transaction requests prior to submission to a Fund. Consult your recordkeeper or plan administrator for more information.
If Vanguard is serving as your plan recordkeeper and if your transaction involves one or more investments with an early cut-off time for processing or another trading restriction, your entire transaction will be subject to the restriction when the trade date for your transaction is determined.
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Contacting Vanguard
|
Web |
|
|
Vanguard.com |
For the most complete source of Vanguard news
For fund, account, and service information
For most account transactions
For literature requests
24 hours a day, 7 days a week |
|
Phone | |
|
Investor Information 800-662-7447
(Text telephone for people with
hearing impairment at 800-749-7273) |
For fund and service information
For literature requests |
|
Client Services 800-662-2739
(Text telephone for people with
hearing impairment at 800-749-7273) |
For account information
For most account transactions |
|
Participant Services 800-523-1188
(Text telephone for people with
hearing impairment at 800-749-7273) |
For information and services for participants in
employer-sponsored plans |
|
Institutional Division
888-809-8102 |
For information and services for large institutional
investors |
|
Financial Advisor and Intermediary
Sales Support 800-997-2798 |
For information and services for financial intermediaries
including financial advisors, broker-dealers, trust
institutions, and insurance companies |
|
Financial Advisory and Intermediary
Trading Support 800-669-0498 |
For account information and trading support for
financial intermediaries including financial advisors,
broker-dealers, trust institutions, and insurance
companies |
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Additional Information
Each Fund’s Bylaws designate Delaware courts as the sole and exclusive forum for certain claims against or related to the Trust, a trustee, an officer, or other employee of the Trust, provided that, unless the Trust otherwise consents in writing, the U.S. Federal District Courts be the sole and exclusive forum for the resolution of complaints under the Securities Act of 1933 or the 1940 Act. These provisions may limit a shareholder’s ability to bring a claim in a different forum and may result in increased shareholder costs in pursuing such a claim.
|
Vanguard
Fund |
Inception
Date |
Newspaper
Abbreviation |
Vanguard
Fund Number |
CUSIP
Number |
|
Vanguard Cash
Reserves Federal
Money Market Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
Admiral Shares |
10/3/19891
|
VangCashResFdlAd |
66 |
922906508 |
|
Vanguard Federal
Money Market Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
Investor Shares |
7/13/1981 |
VangFdl |
33 |
922906300 |
|
Vanguard Treasury
Money Market Fund |
|
|
|
|
|
Investor Shares |
12/14/1992 |
VangAdmUST |
11 |
921932109 |
1 The Fund’s Institutional Shares were converted to Admiral Shares on December 14, 2015. The Institutional Shares originated as Vanguard Institutional Money Market Portfolio, a separate fund that merged into Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund (formerly known as Vanguard Prime Money Market Fund) on October 27, 1995. Prior to July 16, 2021, the Fund offered Investor Shares. Effective at the close of business on July 16, 2021, the remaining Investor Shares were converted to Admiral Shares.
CGS identifiers have been provided by CUSIP Global Services, managed on behalf of the American Bankers Association by Standard & Poor’s Financial Services, LLC, and are not for use or dissemination in a manner that would serve as a substitute for any CUSIP service. The CUSIP Database, © 2024 American Bankers Association. “CUSIP” is a registered trademark of the American Bankers Association.
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Glossary of Investment Terms
Capital Gains Distributions. Payments to mutual fund shareholders of gains realized on securities that a fund has sold at a profit, minus any realized losses.
Cash Equivalent Investments. Cash deposits, short-term bank deposits, and money market instruments that include U.S. Treasury bills and notes, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements, commercial paper, and banker’s acceptances.
Dividend Distributions. Payments to mutual fund shareholders of income from interest or dividends generated by a fund’s investments.
Expense Ratio. A fund’s total annual operating expenses expressed as a percentage of the fund’s average net assets. The expense ratio includes management and administrative expenses, but it does not include the transaction costs of buying and selling portfolio securities.
FTSE 3-Month U.S. Treasury Bill Index. An index that measures the performance of short-term U.S. government debt securities and accrues income on a monthly basis.
iMoneyNet Money Fund Reports 100 percent Treasury Funds Average. Reflects the average performance of peer money market funds, which invest 100% of assets in high-quality, short-term money market instruments that consist of U.S. treasury obligations. Derived from data provided by iMoneyNet, Inc.
Inception Date. The date on which the assets of a fund are first invested in accordance with the fund’s investment objective. For funds with a subscription period, the inception date is the day after that period ends. Investment performance is generally measured from the inception date.
Joint Committed Credit Facility. Each Fund participates, along with other funds managed by Vanguard, in a committed credit facility provided by a syndicate of lenders pursuant to a credit agreement that may be renewed annually; each Vanguard fund is individually liable for its borrowings, if any, under the credit facility. The amount and terms of the committed credit facility are subject to approval by the Funds’ board of trustees and renegotiation with the lender syndicate on an annual basis.
Money Market Instruments. Short-term, liquid investments (usually with a maturity of 397 days or less) that include U.S. Treasury bills and notes, agency securities, bank certificates of deposit (CDs), repurchase agreements, commercial paper, and banker’s acceptances.
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Mutual Fund. An investment company that pools the money of many people and invests it in a variety of securities in an effort to achieve a specific objective over time.
New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). A stock exchange based in New York City that is open for regular trading on business days, Monday through Friday, from 9:30 a.m. to 4 p.m., Eastern time.
Principal. The face value of a debt instrument or the amount of money put into an investment.
Return of Capital. A return of capital occurs when a fund’s distributions exceed its earnings in a fiscal year. A return of capital is a return of all or part of your original investment or amounts paid in excess of your original investment in a fund. In general, a return of capital reduces your cost basis in a fund’s shares and is not taxable to you until your cost basis has been reduced to zero.
Securities. Stocks, bonds, money market instruments, and other investments.
Stable Net Asset Value (NAV). A share price that maintains a consistent value (e.g., $1.00 or $100.00) using special pricing and valuation conventions.
Total Return. A percentage change, over a specified time period, in a mutual fund’s net asset value, assuming the reinvestment of all distributions of dividends and capital gains.
U.S. Government Money Market Funds Average. Reflects the average performance of peer designated “government” money market funds, which invest at least 99.5% of their total assets in investments in cash, U.S. government securities and/or repurchase agreements that are collateralized solely by cash or U.S. government securities in accordance with the SEC’s definition of a “government” money market fund. Derived from data provided by Lipper, a Thomson Reuters Company.
Volatility. The fluctuations in value of a mutual fund or other security. The greater a fund’s volatility, the wider the fluctuations in its returns.
Yield. Income (interest or dividends) earned by an investment, expressed as a percentage of the investment’s price.
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For More Information
If you would like more information about Vanguard Money Market Funds, the following documents are available free upon request:
Annual/Semiannual Reports to Shareholders and Form N-CSR
Additional information about the Funds’ investments is available in the Funds’ annual and semiannual reports to shareholders and in Form N-CSR. In Form N-CSR, you will find the Funds’ annual and semiannual financial statements.
Statement of Additional Information (SAI)
The SAI provides more detailed information about the Funds and is incorporated by reference into (and thus legally a part of) this prospectus.
To obtain a free copy of the latest annual or semiannual report, financial statements, or the SAI, or to request additional information about the Funds or other Vanguard funds, please visit https://vgi.vg/fund-literature or contact us as follows:
If you are an individual investor:
Telephone: 800-662-7447; Text telephone for people with hearing impairment: 800-749-7273
Telephone: 800-662-7447; Text telephone for people with hearing impairment: 800-749-7273
If you are a participant in an employer-sponsored plan:
Telephone: 800-523-1188; Text telephone for
people with hearing impairment:
800-749-7273
Telephone: 800-523-1188; Text telephone for
people with hearing impairment:
800-749-7273
If you are a current Vanguard shareholder and would like information about your account, account transactions, and/or account statements, please call:
Client Services Department
Telephone: 800-662-2739; Text telephone for people with hearing impairment: 800-749-7273
Telephone: 800-662-2739; Text telephone for people with hearing impairment: 800-749-7273
Information Provided by the SEC
Reports and other information about the Funds are available in the EDGAR database on the SEC’s website at sec.gov, or you can receive copies of this information, for a fee, by electronic request at the following email address: publicinfo@sec.gov.
Funds’ Investment Company Act file number: Vanguard Cash Reserves Federal Money Market Fund and Vanguard Federal Money Market Fund: 811-02554; Vanguard Treasury Money Market Fund: 811-07043
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