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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Fiscal Year Ended December 28, 2019
or
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______to ______
Commission file number: 001-31829
CARTER'S, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
 
13-3912933
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
incorporation or organization)
 
 

Phipps Tower
3438 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1800
Atlanta, Georgia 30326
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(678) 791-1000
(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)
_______________________________________________

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of Each Class
Trading Symbol(s)
Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share
CRI
New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to section 12(g) of the Act: None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large Accelerated Filer Accelerated Filer



Non-Accelerated Filer Smaller Reporting Company
Emerging Growth Company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No

The approximate aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based upon the closing sale price of the registrant's common stock on June 29, 2019 as reported on the New York Stock Exchange was $3,735,935,821. As of February 18, 2020, there were 43,928,505 shares of the registrant's Common Stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
    
Portions of the definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A relating to the Annual Meeting of shareholders of Carter's, Inc., scheduled to be held on May 14, 2020, will be incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K. Carter's, Inc. intends to file such proxy statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after its fiscal year ended December 28, 2019.





CARTER'S, INC.
INDEX TO ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
FOR FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 28, 2019

 
 
 
Page
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws relating to our future performance. Forward-looking statements provide current expectations of future events based on certain assumptions and include any statement that does not directly relate to any historical or current fact. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by words such as "anticipates," "believes," "estimates," "expects," "intends," "plans," "predicts," and similar terms. These forward-looking statements are based upon current expectations and assumptions of the Company and are subject to various risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated in such forward-looking statements including, but not limited to, those discussed in the subsection entitled "Risk Factors" under Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Actual results, events, and performance may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Readers of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. Except for any ongoing obligations to disclose material information as required by federal securities laws, the Company does not have any intention or obligation to update forward-looking statements after the filing of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The inclusion of any statement in this Annual Report on Form 10-K does not constitute an admission by the Company or any other person that the events or circumstances described in such statement are material.
PART I
Our market share data is based on information provided by the NPD Group, Inc. ("NPD"). NPD data is based upon Consumer Panel TrackSM (consumer-reported sales) calibrated with selected retailers' point of sale data for children's apparel in the United States ("U.S.") and represents the twelve month period through the end of December 2019
Unless otherwise indicated, references to market share in this Annual Report on Form 10-K are expressed as a percentage of total retail sales of the stated market. Some NPD market share data is presented based on age segments. The baby and young children's apparel market in which we compete includes apparel products for ages zero to 10, and is divided into the zero to two-year-old baby market, the three- to four-year-old toddler market, and the five- to 10-year-old kids market. Note that Carter’s defines its product offerings by sizes: baby (sizes newborn to 24 months), toddlers (sizes 2T to 5T), and kids (sizes 4-14). In addition, other NPD market share data is presented based on NPD's definition of the baby and playclothes categories, which are different from Carter’
Certain NPD data cited in prior Annual Reports on Form 10-K were based on an alternate methodology no longer employed by NPD and are not comparable to the current year presentation.
Unless the context indicates otherwise, in this filing on Form 10-K, "Carter's," the "Company," "we," "us," "its," and "our" refers to Carter's, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Our trademarks and copyrights that are referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including Carter's, OshKosh, OshKosh B'gosh, Baby B'gosh, Skip Hop, Child of Mine, Just One You, Simple Joys, Precious Firsts, Precious Baby, Little Collections, Little Planet, Carter's little baby basics, Carter's KID, Rewarding Moments, and Count on Carter's, many of which are registered in the United States and in over 100 other countries and territories, are each the property of one or more subsidiaries of Carter's, Inc.
The Company's fiscal year ends on the Saturday in December or January nearest December 31. Every five or six years, our fiscal year includes an additional, or 53rd, week of results. Fiscal 2019 ended on December 28, 2019, fiscal 2018 ended on December 29, 2018, and fiscal 2017 ended on December 30, 2017. All three fiscal years contained 52 calendar weeks.

1


ITEM 1. BUSINESS
Overview
We are the largest branded marketer in North America of apparel exclusively for babies and young children. We own two of the most highly recognized and most trusted brand names in the children's apparel industry, Carter's and OshKosh B'gosh (or "OshKosh"), and a leading baby and young child lifestyle brand, Skip Hop.
Established in 1865, our Carter's brand is recognized and trusted by consumers for high-quality apparel and accessories for children in sizes newborn to 14.
Established in 1895, OshKosh is a well-known brand, trusted by consumers for apparel and accessories for children in sizes newborn to 14, with a focus on playclothes for toddlers and young children.
Established in 2003, the Skip Hop brand re-thinks, re-energizes, and re-imagines durable necessities such as diaper bags to create higher value, superior quality, and top-performing products for parents, babies, and toddlers. We acquired the Skip Hop brand in February 2017.
Our mission is to serve the needs of all families with young children, with a vision to be the world's favorite brands in young children's apparel and products. We believe our brands provide a complementary product offering and aesthetic, are each uniquely positioned in the marketplace, and offer strong value to families with young children. The baby and young children's apparel market ages zero to 10 in the U.S. is approximately $27 billion. In that market, our Carter's brands, including our exclusive brands, have the #1 position with approximately 12% market share and our OshKosh brand has approximately 2% market share.
Our multi-channel global business model, which includes retail store, eCommerce, and wholesale sales channels, enables us to reach a broad range of consumers around the world. As of December 28, 2019, our channels included 1,109 retail stores, approximately 18,000 wholesale locations, and eCommerce websites in North America, as well as our international wholesale accounts and licensees who operate in over 90 countries.
We have extensive experience in the young children's apparel and accessories market and focus on delivering products that satisfy our consumers' needs. Our long-term growth strategy focuses on:
providing the best value and experience in apparel and related products for young children;
extending the reach of our brands; and
improving profitability.
Our three business segments are: U.S. Retail, U.S. Wholesale, and International. These segments are our operating and reporting segments. Our U.S. Retail segment consists of revenue primarily from sales of products in the United States through our retail stores and eCommerce websites. Similarly, our U.S. Wholesale segment consists of revenue primarily from sales in the United States of products to our wholesale partners. Finally, our International segment consists of revenue primarily from sales of products outside the United States, largely through our retail stores and eCommerce websites in Canada and Mexico, and sales to our international wholesale customers and licensees.
Additional financial and geographical information about our segments is contained in Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Note 15, Segment Information, to the consolidated financial statements.
Our Brands
Carter's & OshKosh B'gosh
Our Carter's and OshKosh product offerings include apparel and accessories for babies (sizes newborn to 24 months), toddlers (sizes 2T to 5T), and kids (sizes 4-14).
For our Carter's brand, our focus is on essential, high-volume apparel products for babies and young children, including bodysuits, pants, dresses, multi-piece knit sets, blankets, layette essentials, bibs, booties, sleep and play, rompers, and jumpers. We attribute our leading market position to our strong value proposition, brand strength, unique colors, distinctive prints, and commitment to quality, as well as our broad wholesale distribution channel that includes successful and long-standing relationships with leading national retailers. Our marketing programs are targeted toward first-time mothers, experienced mothers, and gift-givers. Our Carter's little baby basics product line, the largest component of our baby business, provides families with essential products and accessories, including value-focused multi-piece sets. We also have three exclusive

2


Carter's brands: our Child of Mine brand, which we sell at Walmart, our Just One You brand, which we sell at Target, and our Simple Joys brand, which we sell on Amazon.
Carter's is the leading brand in the zero to 10-year-old market in the United States, with particular strength in the zero to two-year-old segment. In fiscal 2019, our multi-channel business model enabled our Carter's brands to maintain leading market share of approximately 12% in the zero to 10-year-old market, which represented approximately double the market share of the next largest brand. In addition, our Carter's brands maintained the leading market position of approximately 25% in the zero to two-year-old baby market, which represented approximately five times the market share of the next largest brand, and maintained its leading market position of approximately 13% in the three to four-year-old toddler market, which represented approximately double the market share of the next largest brand.
Under our OshKosh brand, we place an emphasis on high-quality playclothes, including tops, overalls, jeans, sweaters and hoodies, shorts, shortalls, leggings and dresses, pants, graphic tees, and outerwear. Our OshKosh brand is generally positioned towards an older age segment and at slightly higher average prices relative to the Carter's brand. We believe our OshKosh brand has significant brand name recognition, which consumers associate with high-quality, durable, and authentic playclothes for young children. OshKosh brand playclothes include denim apparel products with multiple wash treatments and coordinating garments, overalls, woven bottoms, knit tops, and bodysuits for everyday use. In fiscal 2019, our OshKosh brand's market share was approximately 2% of the zero to 10-year-old apparel market in the United States.
For both our Carter's and OshKosh brands, we employ cross-functional product teams to focus on the development of the brands and products. The teams include members from merchandising, art, design, sourcing, product development, and planning, and follow a disciplined approach to fabric usage, color selection, and assortment productivity. We believe this disciplined approach to product development, which includes consumer research, results in a compelling product offering to consumers, reduces our exposure to short-term trends, and supports efficient operations.
We believe that we continuously strengthen our brand image with the consumer by differentiating our products through fabric and material improvements, new artistic applications, and new packaging and presentation strategies. We also attempt to differentiate our products and presentation through in-store fixturing, branding, signage, photography, and advertising, both in our stores and on our websites, as well as with our major wholesale customers.
Licensed Products
We license our Carter's, OshKosh, Child of Mine, Just One You, Simple Joys, Precious Firsts, Precious Baby, and Carter's little baby basics, brands to partners to expand our product offerings to include bedding, cribs, diaper bags, footwear, gift sets, hair accessories, jewelry, outerwear, paper goods, socks, shoes, swimwear, and toys. As of December 28, 2019, we had eight licensees in the United States who manufacture products under these brands. These licensing partners develop and sell products through our multiple sales channels, while leveraging our brand strength, customer relationships, and designs. Licensed products provide our customers with a range of lifestyle products that complement and expand upon our baby and young children's apparel offerings. Our license agreements require strict adherence to our quality and compliance standards and provide for a multi-step product approval process. We work in conjunction with our licensing partners in the development of their products to ensure that they fit within our brand vision of high-quality products at attractive prices to provide value to the consumer.
We also partner with other brand owners to further expand our product offerings, including apparel with professional sport teams' logos.
Skip Hop
Under our Skip Hop brand, we design, source, and market products that are sold primarily to families with young children. Our Skip Hop brand is best known for its diaper bags, which we believe combine innovative functionality with attractive design. The Skip Hop brand offering also includes products for playtime, travel, mealtime, kid's bags, bathtime, and homegear.
We believe Skip Hop is a global lifestyle brand. Skip Hop's core philosophy and positioning begins and ends with its brand promise -- "Must-Haves * Made Better." This reflects the brand's goal of creating innovative, smartly designed, and highly functional essentials for parents, babies, and toddlers. The Skip Hop team includes both an in-house design and a creative team, each of which is dedicated to meeting that goal. We have introduced Skip Hop brand products in our retail stores, and have increased investments in in-store fixturing, branding, and signage packages, along with digital advertising, to further strengthen the position of the Skip Hop brand.

3


Our Sales Channels
We sell our Carter's, OshKosh, and Skip Hop branded products through multiple channels, both in the United States and globally.
U.S. Retail
Our U.S. retail sales channel includes sales of our products through our U.S. retail stores and eCommerce sites.
Our U.S. retail stores are generally located in high-traffic strip shopping centers and malls in or near major cities or in outlet centers that are near densely-populated areas. We believe our brand strength and our product assortment have made our retail stores a destination for consumers seeking young children's apparel and accessories.
We operate retail stores in single-branded (Carter's, OshKosh, or Skip Hop) and co-branded (Carter's and OshKosh) formats, as well as "side-by-side" formats, which consist of adjacent and connected Carter's and OshKosh stores. Each of these stores carry an assortment of Carter's, OshKosh, and/or Skip Hop branded products, as well as other products, depending on the store and location. Single-branded stores average approximately 4,300 square feet per location, co-branded stores approximately 5,000 square feet per location, and side-by-side stores approximately 7,400 square feet per location. As of December 28, 2019, in the United States we operated 493 single-branded stores, 210 co-branded stores, and 159 "side-by-side" stores.
We regularly assess potential new retail store locations and closures based on demographic factors, retail adjacencies, competitive factors, and population density as part of a rigorous real estate portfolio optimization process.
We also sell our products through our online U.S. eCommerce sites, which were re-launched in fiscal 2019, at www.carters.com, www.oshkoshbgosh.com, www.oshkosh.com, and www.skiphop.com.
In both our retail stores and eCommerce sites, we focus on the customer experience through store and eCommerce website design, visual aesthetics, clear product presentation, and experienced customer service. Our eCommerce websites also feature product recommendations and on-line-only offerings. We strive to create a seamless omni-channel experience between our retail stores and our eCommerce websites, as more fully described below under "Our Customer and Marketing Strategy."
U.S. Wholesale
Our U.S. wholesale channel includes sales of our products to our U.S. wholesale customers.
Our Carter's brand wholesale customers in the United States include major retailers, such as, in alphabetical order, Costco, JCPenney, Kohl's, and Macy's. Additionally, we sell our Child of Mine brand at Walmart, our Just One You brand at Target, and our Simple Joys brand on Amazon.
Our OshKosh brand wholesale customers in the United States include major retailers, such as, in alphabetical order, Costco, Kohl's, and Target.
Our Skip Hop brand wholesale customers in the United States include major retailers, such as, in alphabetical order, Amazon, Buy Buy Baby, and Target.
We collaborate with our wholesale customers to provide a consistent, high-level of service, and to drive growth through eCommerce, replenishment, product mix, and brand presentation initiatives. We also have frequent meetings with the senior management of key accounts to align on strategic growth plans.
International
Our International segment includes sales of our products through our retail stores and eCommerce sites in Canada and Mexico, and to international wholesale accounts, such as, in alphabetical order, Amazon, Costco, and Walmart. As of December 28, 2019, in Canada we operated 201 co-branded Carter's and OshKosh retail stores and an eCommerce site at www.cartersoshkosh.ca, and in Mexico we operated 46 retail stores and an eCommerce site at www.carter.com.mx that we launched in fiscal 2019.
In addition, we license our Carter's and OshKosh brands to international accounts that sell our products through branded retail and online stores, as well as to wholesale accounts, within their licensed territories. Our International segment also includes sales of our products to these licensees, and royalty income based on sales made by certain licensees. As of December 28, 2019, we had approximately 40 international licensees who operated in over 90 countries.

4


Our Customer and Marketing Strategy
For all of our brands, our marketing is predominantly focused on driving brand preference and engagement with millennial customers, including through strengthening and evolving our digital programs. Our omni-channel approach allows the customer to experience the brand as a seamless shopping experience in the channel of their choice. In fiscal 2019, we launched capabilities to allow our customers to buy on-line and pick-up in store, complementing our existing buy-online, ship-to-store and in-store buy on-line services.
We operate our Rewarding Moments loyalty and rewards program in the United States to drive customer traffic, sales, and brand loyalty. This program is integrated across our U.S. retail stores and online businesses. During fiscal 2019, our U.S. retail sales were predominantly made to customers who are members of Rewarding Moments.
In fiscal 2019, we launched a new Carter's credit card program in our U.S. retail stores and eCommerce sites. The Carter's credit card complements and enhances our existing Rewarding Moments loyalty program and provides new benefits for our customers, including free shipping on every eCommerce order, double Rewarding Moments points, and exclusive cardholder-only events.
Our investments in marketing, our loyalty program, and new technologies are focused on acquiring new customers, developing stronger connections with our existing customers, and extending their relationship with our brands. Our goal is to have the most top-of-mind, preferred brands in the young children's market and to connect with a diverse, digitally-savvy customer.
Our Global Sourcing Network
We do not own any manufacturing facilities. We source all of our garments and other products from a global network of third party suppliers, primarily located in Asia. We source the remainder of our products primarily through Central America. During fiscal 2019, approximately 80% of our product was sourced from Cambodia, Vietnam, China, and Bangladesh.
Our sourcing operations are based in Hong Kong in order to facilitate better service and accommodate the volume of manufacturing in Asia. Our Hong Kong office acts as an agent for substantially all of our production in Asia and monitors production at manufacturers' facilities to ensure quality control, compliance with our manufacturing specifications and social responsibility standards, as well as timely delivery of finished garments to our distribution facilities. We also have sourcing operations in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, and Vietnam to help support these efforts.
Prior to placing production, and on a recurring basis, we conduct assessments of political, social, economic, trade, labor and intellectual property protection conditions in the countries in which we source our products. In connection with the manufacture of our products, manufacturers purchase raw materials including fabric and other materials (such as linings, zippers, buttons, and trim) at our direction. Prior to commencing the manufacture of products, samples of raw materials are sent to us for approval. We regularly inspect and supervise the manufacture of our products in order to maintain quality control, monitor compliance with our manufacturing specifications and social responsibility standards and to ensure timely delivery. We also inspect finished products at the manufacturing facilities.
We generally arrange for the production of products on a purchase order basis with completed products manufactured to our design specifications. We assume the risk of loss predominantly on a Freight-On-Board (F.O.B.) basis when goods are delivered to a shipper and are insured against losses arising during shipping.
As is customary, we have not entered into any long-term contractual arrangements with any contractor or manufacturer. We believe that the production capacity of foreign manufacturers with which we have developed, or are developing, a relationship is adequate to meet our production requirements for the foreseeable future. We believe that alternative foreign manufacturers are readily available.
We expect all of our suppliers shipping to the United States to adhere to the requirements of the U.S. Customs and Border Protection's Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism ("C-TPAT") program, including standards relating to facility security, procedural security, personnel security, cargo security, and the overall protection of the supply chain. In the event a supplier does not comply with our C-TPAT requirements, or if we have determined that the supplier will be unable to correct a deficiency, we may move that supplier's product through alternative supply chain channels or we may terminate our business relationship with the supplier.

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Corporate Social Responsibility
We have adopted a factory on-boarding program that allows us to assess each factory's compliance with our social responsibility standards before we place orders for product with that factory, including factories utilized by companies that we acquire. Additionally, we regularly assess the manufacturing facilities we use through periodic on-site facility inspections, including the use of independent auditors to supplement our internal staff. We use audit data and performance results to suggest improvements when necessary, and we integrate this information into our on-going sourcing decisions. Our vendor code of conduct, with which we require our factories to comply, covers employment practices, such as wages and benefits, working hours, health and safety, working age, and discriminatory practices, as well as environmental, ethical, and other legal matters.
Our Global Distribution Network
The majority of all finished goods manufactured for us is shipped to our distribution facilities or to designated third party facilities for final inspection, allocation, and reshipment to customers. The goods are delivered to our customers and us by independent shippers. We choose the form of shipment based upon needs, costs, and timing considerations.
In the United States, we operate two distribution centers in Georgia: an approximately 1.1 million square-foot multi-channel facility in Braselton and a 505,000 square-foot facility in Stockbridge. We also outsource distribution activities to third party logistics providers located in California. Our distribution center activities include receiving finished goods from our vendors, inspecting those products, preparing them for retail and wholesale presentation, and shipping them to our wholesale customers, retail stores, and eCommerce customers.
Internationally, we operate directly or outsource our distribution activities to third party logistics providers in Canada, China, the United Kingdom, and Mexico to support our international wholesale accounts, international licensees, international eCommerce operations, and Canadian and Mexican retail store networks.
Governmental Regulation
Our products are subject to regulation of and regulatory standards with respect to quality and safety set by various governmental authorities around the world, including in the United States, Canada, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and the European Union.
A substantial portion of our products is imported into the United States, Canada, Mexico, and the European Union. These products are subject to various customs laws, which may impose tariffs, as well as quota restrictions. In addition, each of the countries in which our products are sold has laws and regulations covering imports. The United States and other countries in which our products are sold may impose, from time to time, new duties, tariffs, surcharges, or other import controls or restrictions, or adjust presently prevailing duty or tariff rates or levels. We, therefore, actively monitor import restrictions and developments and seek to minimize our potential exposure to import related risks through shifts of production among countries, including consideration of countries with tariff preference and free trade agreements, manufacturers, and geographical diversification of our sources of supply.
We are also subject to various other federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations that govern our activities, operations, and products, including data privacy, truth-in-advertising, accessibility, customs, wage and hour laws and regulations, and zoning and occupancy ordinances that regulate retailers generally and govern the promotion and sale of merchandise and the operation of retail stores and eCommerce sites. Noncompliance with these laws and regulations may result in substantial monetary penalties and criminal sanctions.
Competition
The baby and young children's apparel and accessories market is highly competitive. Competition is generally based on a variety of factors, including comfort and fit, quality, pricing, experience, and selection. Both branded and private label manufacturers as well as specialty apparel retailers aggressively compete in the baby and young children's apparel market. Our primary competitors include: The Children's Place, Gap, and Old Navy (specialty apparel); Cat & Jack and Garanimals (private label); and Disney, Gerber, and Nike (national brands). Because of the highly-fragmented nature of the industry, we also compete with many small manufacturers and retailers. We believe that the strength of our brand names, combined with our breadth and value of product offerings, longevity in the marketplace, distribution footprint, and operational expertise, position us well against these competitors.

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Seasonality and Weather
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our sales and profitability due to the timing of certain holidays and key retail shopping periods, which generally have resulted in lower sales and gross profit in the first half of our fiscal year versus the second half of the year. Accordingly, our results of operations during the first half of the year may not be indicative of the results we expect for the full fiscal year. In addition, our business is susceptible to unseasonable weather conditions, which could influence customer trends, consumer traffic, and shopping habits. For example, extended periods of unseasonably warm temperatures during the winter season or cool temperatures during the summer season could affect the timing of, and reduce or shift, demand.
Our Employees
As of December 28, 2019, we had approximately 20,300 employees globally. As of December 28, 2019, approximately 277 employees were unionized employees, all of whom were in Mexico. We believe that our labor relationships with our employees are good.
Available Information
Our primary internet address is www.carters.com. The information contained on our website is not included as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any other reports we file with or furnish to the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). On our website, we make available, free of charge, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, director and officer reports on Forms 3, 4, and 5, and any amendments to these reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such material with, or furnish it to, the SEC. Our SEC reports can be accessed through the investor relations section of our website. We also make available on our website the Carter's Code of Ethics, our corporate governance principles, and the charters for the Compensation, Audit, and Nominating and Corporate Governance Committees of the Board of Directors. The SEC maintains an internet site, www.sec.gov, containing reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers, including us, that file electronically with the SEC.
Corporate Information
Carter's, Inc. is a Delaware corporation, with its principal executive offices located at Phipps Tower, 3438 Peachtree Road NE, Suite 1800, Atlanta, Georgia 30326. Our telephone number is (678) 791-1000. Carter's, Inc. and its predecessors have been doing business since 1865.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider each of the following risk factors as well as the other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC in evaluating our business. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently consider immaterial may also impact our business operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our operating results may be affected.
Financial difficulties for, or the loss of one or more of, our major wholesale customers could result in a material loss of revenues.
A significant amount of our business is with our U.S. wholesale customers. For fiscal 2019, we derived approximately 34% of our consolidated net sales from our U.S. Wholesale segment and approximately 33% of our consolidated net sales from our top ten wholesale customers. As of the end of fiscal 2019, approximately 85% of our gross accounts receivable were from our ten largest wholesale customers, with three of these customers having individual receivable balances in excess of 10% of our total accounts receivable. Furthermore, we do not enter into long-term sales contracts with our major wholesale customers, relying instead on product performance, long-standing relationships, and our position in the marketplace.
As a result, we face the risk that one or more of these or other customers may significantly decrease their business or terminate their relationship with us as a result of financial difficulties (including bankruptcy or insolvency), competitive forces, consolidation, reorganization, or other reasons, which in turn could result in significant levels of excess inventory that we may not be able to place elsewhere, a material decrease in our sales, or material impact on our operating results. In addition, our reserves for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments may prove not to be sufficient if any one or more of our customers are unable to meet outstanding obligations to us, which could materially adversely affect our operating results. If the financial condition or credit position of one or more of our customers were to deteriorate, or such customer fails, or is unable to pay the amounts owed to us in a timely manner, this could have a significant adverse impact on our business and results of operations.
Our business is sensitive to overall levels of consumer spending, particularly in the young children's apparel market.
Both retail and wholesale consumer demand for young children apparel and accessories, specifically brand name apparel products, is affected by the overall level of consumer spending. Overall spending in the market is affected by a number of factors, including birth rate fluctuations, and the number of customers that are acquired and retained. In addition, discretionary consumer spending is affected by a number of factors, such as the weather, the overall economy and employment levels, uncertainty in the political climate (including as a result of the upcoming U.S. presidential election), gasoline and utility costs, business conditions, availability of consumer credit, tax rates, the availability of tax credits, interest rates, levels of consumer indebtedness, foreign currency exchange rates, and overall levels of consumer confidence. Reductions, or lower-than-expected growth, in the level of discretionary or overall end consumer spending may have a material adverse effect on our sales and results of operations.
The acceptance of our products in the marketplace is affected by consumer tastes and preferences, along with fashion trends.
We believe that our continued success depends on our ability to create products that provide a compelling value proposition for our consumers in all of our distribution channels. There can be no assurance that the demand for our products will not decline, or that we will be able to successfully and timely evaluate and adapt our products to changes in consumer tastes and preferences or fashion trends. If demand for our products declines, promotional pricing may be required to sell out-of-season merchandise, and our profitability and results of operations could be adversely affected.
We operate in a highly competitive market and the size and resources of some of our competitors may allow them to compete more effectively than we can.
The baby and young children's apparel and accessories market is very competitive, and includes both branded and private label manufacturers. Because of the fragmented nature of the industry, we also compete with many other manufacturers and retailers including in certain instances some of our wholesale accounts. Some of our competitors have greater financial resources and larger customer bases than we have. As a result, these competitors may be able to adapt to changes in customer requirements more quickly, take advantage of acquisitions and other opportunities more readily, devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their products, and adopt more aggressive pricing strategies than we can.

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The value of our brands, and our sales, could be diminished if we are associated with negative publicity, including through actions by our vendors, independent manufacturers, and licensees, over whom we have limited control.
Although we maintain policies with our vendors, independent manufacturers, and licensees that promote ethical business practices, and our employees, agents, and third-party compliance auditors periodically visit and monitor the operations of these entities, we do not control our vendors, independent manufacturers, or licensees, or their practices. A violation of our vendor policies, licensee agreements, health and safety standards, labor laws, anti-bribery laws, or other policies or laws by these vendors, independent manufacturers, or licensees could damage the image and reputation of our brands and could subject us to liability. As a result, negative publicity regarding us or our brands or products, including licensed products, could adversely affect our reputation and sales. Further, while we take steps to ensure the reputations of our brands are maintained through license and vendor agreements, there can be no guarantee that our brand image will not be negatively affected through its association with products or actions of our licensees or vendors.
Our failure to protect our intellectual property rights could diminish the value of our brand, weaken our competitive position, and adversely affect our results.
We currently rely on a combination of trademark, unfair competition, and copyright laws, as well as licensing and vendor arrangements, to establish and protect our intellectual property assets and rights. The steps taken by us or by our licensees and vendors to protect our proprietary rights may not be adequate to prevent either the counterfeit production of our products or the infringement of our trademarks or proprietary rights by others. In addition, intellectual property protection may be unavailable or limited in some foreign countries where laws or law enforcement practices may not protect our proprietary rights and where third parties may have rights to conflicting trademarks, and it may be more difficult for us to successfully challenge the use of our proprietary rights by other parties in those countries. If we fail to protect and maintain our intellectual property rights, the value of our brands could be diminished and our competitive position may suffer. Further, third parties may assert intellectual property claims against us, particularly as we expand our business geographically or through acquisitions, and any such claim could be expensive and time consuming to defend, regardless of its merit. Successful infringement claims against us could result in significant monetary liability or prevent us from selling some of our products, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations.
We may experience delays, product recalls, or loss of revenues if our products do not meet our quality standards or applicable regulatory requirements.
From time to time, we receive shipments of product from our third-party vendors that fail to conform to our quality control standards. A failure in our quality control program may result in diminished product quality, which in turn may result in increased order cancellations and product returns, decreased consumer demand for our products, or product recalls, any of which may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. In addition, products that fail to meet our standards, or other unauthorized products, could end up in the marketplace without our knowledge. This could materially harm our brand and our reputation in the marketplace.
Our products are subject to regulations and standards set by various governmental authorities around the world, including in the United States, Canada, Mexico, and the European Union. These regulations and standards include rules relating to product quality and safety, and may change from time to time. Our inability, or that of our vendors, to comply on a timely basis with regulatory requirements could result in product recalls, or significant fines or penalties, which in turn could adversely affect our reputation and sales, and could have an adverse effect on our results of operations. Issues with respect to the compliance of merchandise we sell with these regulations and standards, regardless of our culpability or customer concerns about such issues, could result in damage to our reputation, lost sales, uninsured product liability claims or losses, product recalls, and increased costs.
Our business could suffer a material adverse effect from unseasonable or extreme weather conditions.
Our business is susceptible to unseasonable weather conditions, which could influence customer demand, consumer traffic, and shopping habits. For example, extended periods of unseasonably warm temperatures during the winter season or cool temperatures during the summer season could affect the timing of and reduce or shift demand, and thereby could have an adverse effect on our operational results, financial position, and cash flows. In addition, extreme weather conditions in the areas in which our stores are located could negatively affect our business, operational results, financial position, and cash flows. For example, frequent or unusually heavy or intense snowfall, flooding, hurricanes, or other extreme weather conditions over an extended period could cause our stores to close for a period of time or permanently, and could make it difficult for our customers to travel to our stores, which in turn could negatively impact our operational results.

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We are and may become subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits, including as a result of investigations or other proceedings related to previously disclosed investigations.
We are subject to various other claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the course of our business, including claims that our designs infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties. We are also affected by trends in litigation, including class action litigation brought under various laws, including consumer protection, employment, and privacy and information security laws. In addition, litigation risks related to claims that technologies we use infringe intellectual property rights of third parties have been amplified by the increase in third parties whose primary business is to assert such claims. Reserves are established based on our best estimates of our potential liability. However, we cannot accurately predict the ultimate outcome of any such proceedings due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation. Regardless of the outcome or whether the claims are meritorious, legal and regulatory proceedings may require that management devote substantial time and expense to defend the Company. In the event we are required or determine to pay amounts in connection with any such lawsuits, such amounts could exceed any applicable insurance coverage or contractual rights available to us. As a result, such lawsuits could be significant and have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.
In addition, as previously reported, in 2009 the SEC and the U.S. Attorney's Office began conducting investigations, with which the Company cooperated, related to customer margin support provided by the Company, including undisclosed margin support commitments and related matters. In December 2010, the Company and the SEC entered into a non-prosecution agreement pursuant to which the SEC agreed not to charge the Company with any violations of federal securities laws, commence any enforcement action against the Company, or require the Company to pay any financial penalties in connection with the SEC investigation of customer margin support provided by the Company, conditioned upon the Company's continued cooperation with the SEC's investigation and with any related proceedings. The Company has incurred, and may continue to incur, substantial expenses for legal services due to the SEC and U.S. Attorney's Office investigations and any related proceedings. These matters may continue to divert management's time and attention away from operations. The Company also expects to bear additional costs pursuant to its advancement and indemnification obligations to directors and officers under the terms of our organizational documents in connection with proceedings related to these matters. Our insurance may not provide coverage to offset all of the costs incurred in connection with these proceedings.
Our systems, and those of our vendors, containing personal information and payment card data of our retail store and eCommerce customers, employees, and other third parties could be breached, which could subject us to adverse publicity, costly government enforcement actions or private litigation, and expenses.
We rely on the security of our networks, databases, systems, and processes and, in certain circumstances, those of third parties, to protect our proprietary information and information about our customers, employees, and vendors. Criminals are constantly devising schemes to circumvent information technology security safeguards and other retailers have recently suffered serious data security breaches. If unauthorized parties gain access to our networks or databases, or those of our vendors, they may be able to steal, publish, delete, modify, or block our access to our private and sensitive internal and third-party information, including credit card information and personally identifiable information. In addition, employees may intentionally or inadvertently cause data or security breaches that result in unauthorized release of personal or confidential information. In such circumstances, we could be held liable to our customers, other parties, or employees as well as be subject to regulatory or other actions for breaching privacy law (including the E.U. General Data Protection Act and the California Consumer Privacy Act) or failing to adequately protect such information. This could result in costly investigations and litigation exceeding applicable insurance coverage or contractual rights available to us, civil or criminal penalties, operational changes, or other response measures, loss of consumer confidence in our security measures, and negative publicity that could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations, and reputation. Further, if we are unable to comply with the security standards, established by banks and the payment card industry, we may be subject to fines, restrictions, and expulsion from card acceptance programs, which could adversely affect our retail operations.
Our profitability may decline as a result of increasing pressure on margins, including deflationary pressures on our selling prices and increases in production costs and costs to serve.
The apparel industry is subject to pricing pressure caused by many factors, including intense competition, the promotional retail environment, and changes in consumer demand. The demand for baby and young children's apparel and accessories in particular may also be subject to other external factors, such as general inflationary pressures, as well as the costs of our products, which are driven in part by the costs of raw materials (including cotton and other commodities), labor, fuel, transportation and duties, and the costs to deliver those products to our customers. If external pressures cause us to reduce our sales prices and we fail to sufficiently reduce our product costs or operating expenses, or if we are unable to fully optimize prices or pass on increased costs to our customers, our profitability could decline. This could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity, and financial condition.

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Our revenues, product costs, and other expenses are subject to foreign economic and currency risks due to our operations outside of the United States.
We have operations in Canada, Mexico, the European Union, and Asia, and our vendors, independent manufacturers, and licensees are located around the world. The value of the U.S. dollar against other foreign currencies has experienced significant volatility in recent years. While our business is primarily conducted in U.S. dollars, we source substantially all of our production from Asia, and we generate significant revenues in Canada. Cost increases caused by currency exchange rate fluctuations could make our products less competitive or have a material adverse effect on our profitability. Currency exchange rate fluctuations could also disrupt the businesses of our independent manufacturers that produce our products by making their purchases of raw materials or products more expensive and more difficult to finance. Additionally, fluctuations in exchange rates impact the amount of our reported sales and expenses, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows.
We source substantially all of our products through foreign production arrangements. Our dependence on foreign supply sources are subject to risks associated with global sourcing and manufacturing which could result in disruptions to our operations.
We source substantially all of our products through a network of vendors primarily in Asia, principally coordinated by our Hong Kong sourcing office. Our global supply chain could be negatively affected due to a number of factors, including:
political instability or other global events resulting in the disruption of operations or trade in foreign countries from which we source our products;
the occurrence of a natural disaster, unusual weather conditions, or a disease epidemic in foreign countries from which we source our products;
financial instability, including bankruptcy or insolvency, of one or more of our major vendors;
the imposition of new regulations relating to imports, duties, taxes, and other charges on imports, including those that the U.S. government has and may implement on imports from China;
increased costs of raw materials (including cotton and other commodities), labor, fuel, and transportation;
interruptions in the supply of raw materials, including cotton, fabric, and trim items;
increases in the cost of labor in our sourcing locations;
changes in the U.S. customs procedures concerning the importation of apparel products;
unforeseen delays in customs clearance of any goods;
disruptions in the global transportation network, such as a port strike, work stoppages or other labor unrest, capacity withholding, world trade restrictions, acts of terrorism, or war;
the application of adverse foreign intellectual property laws;
the ability of our vendors to secure sufficient credit to finance the manufacturing process, including the acquisition of raw materials;
potential social compliance concerns resulting from our use of international vendors, independent manufacturers, and licensees, over whom we have limited control;
manufacturing delays or unexpected demand for products may require the use of faster, but more expensive, transportation methods, such as air-freight services;
the use of "conflict minerals" sourced from the Democratic Republic of the Congo or its surrounding countries, or other materials that are or become regulated by the U.S. or other governments in our products; and
other events beyond our control that could interrupt our supply chain and delay receipt of our products into the United States.
The occurrence of one or more of these events could result in disruptions to our operations, which in turn could increase our cost of goods sold, decrease our gross profit, or impact our ability to deliver to our customers. For example, the recent outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus first identified in Wuhan, China has led to work and travel restrictions within, to, and out of mainland China, which in turn has led to delays in textile mill and factory openings, and delays in workers returning, following the Chinese New Year holiday. These restrictions and delays, which may expand depending on the progression of the illness, may make it difficult for our suppliers to source raw materials in China, manufacture finished goods in China, and export our products from China. We plan to source approximately 15% of our products from China in fiscal 2020. Additionally, our suppliers throughout Asia source a significant amount of fabric from China. If the severity and reach of the

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coronavirus outbreak increases, there may be significant and material disruptions to our supply chain and operations, and delays in the manufacture and shipment of our products, which may then have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
A relatively small number of vendors supply a significant amount of our products, and losing one or more of these vendors could have a material adverse effect on our business.
In fiscal 2019, we purchased approximately 65% of our products from ten vendors, of which approximately half comes from three vendors. We expect that we will continue to source a significant portion of our products from these vendors. We do not have agreements with our major vendors that would provide us with assurances on a long-term basis as to adequate supply or pricing of our products. If any of our major vendors decide to discontinue or significantly decrease the volume of products they manufacture for us, raise prices on products we purchase from them, or become unable to perform their responsibilities (e.g., if our vendors experience financial difficulties, manufacturing capacity constraints, or significant labor disputes) our business, results of operations, and financial condition may be adversely affected.
Labor or other disruptions along our supply chain may adversely affect our relationships with customers, reputation with consumers, and results of operations.
Our business depends on our ability to source and distribute products in a timely manner. Labor disputes at third party factories where our goods are produced, the shipping ports we use, or our transportation carriers create significant risks for our business, particularly if these disputes result in work slowdowns, lockouts, strikes, or other disruptions during our peak manufacturing and importing times. For example, we source a significant portion of our products through a single port on the west coast of the United States. Work slowdowns and stoppages relating to labor agreement negotiations involving the operators of this west coast port and unions have in the past resulted in a significant backlog of cargo containers entering the United States. The insolvency of a major shipping company has also had an effect on our supply chain. As a result, we have in the past experienced delays in the shipment of our products. In the event that these slow-downs, disruptions or strikes occur in the future in connection with labor agreement negotiations or otherwise, it may have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
Our inability to effectively source and manage inventory could negatively impact our ability to timely deliver our inventory supply and disrupt our business, which may adversely affect our operating results.
We source all of our garments and other products from a global network of third party suppliers. If we experience significant increases in demand, or need to replace an existing vendor or shift production to vendors in new countries, there can be no assurance that additional manufacturing capacity will be available when required on terms that are acceptable to us or that any vendor would allocate sufficient capacity to us in order to meet our requirements. In addition, for any new vendors, we may encounter delays in production and added costs as a result of the time it takes to train our vendors in producing our products and adhering to our quality control standards. In the event of a significant disruption in the supply of the fabrics or raw materials used by our vendors in the manufacture of our products, our vendors might not be able to locate alternative suppliers of materials of comparable quality at an acceptable price. Any delays, interruption, or increased costs in the manufacture of our products could have a material adverse effect on our operating results.
Additionally, the nature of our business requires us to carry a significant amount of inventory, especially prior to the peak holiday selling season when we build up our inventory levels, and to support our omni-channel strategies, including our buy on-line and pick-up in store program. Merchandise usually must be ordered well in advance of the season and frequently before apparel trends are confirmed by customer purchases. We must enter into contracts for the purchase and manufacture of merchandise well in advance of the applicable selling season. As a result, we are vulnerable to demand and pricing shifts and to suboptimal selection and timing of merchandise purchases and allocations to our sales channels. In the past, we have not always predicted our customers' preferences and acceptance levels of our trend items with accuracy. If sales do not meet expectations, too much inventory may cause excessive markdowns and, therefore, lower-than-planned margins, and too little inventory may result in lost sales.
Profitability and our reputation and relationships could be negatively affected if we do not adequately forecast the demand for our products and, as a result, create significant levels of excess inventory or insufficient levels of inventory.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully anticipate changing consumer preferences and product trends or economic conditions and, as a result, we may not successfully manage inventory levels to meet our future order requirements. If we fail to accurately forecast consumer demand, we may experience excess inventory levels or a shortage of product required to meet the demand. Inventory levels in excess of consumer demand may result in inventory write-downs and the sale of excess inventory at discounted prices, which could have an adverse effect on the image and reputation of our brands and negatively impact profitability. On the other hand, if we underestimate demand for our products, our manufacturing facilities or third-party

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manufacturers may not be able to produce products to meet consumer requirements, and this could result in delays in the shipment of products and lost revenues, as well as damage to our reputation and relationships. These risks could have a material adverse effect on our brand image, as well as our results of operations and financial condition.
We expect to make significant capital investments and have significant expenses related to our omni-channel sales strategy and failure to execute our strategy could have a material adverse effect on how we meet consumer expectations.
We distribute our products through multiple channels in the children's apparel and accessories market, which, as of December 28, 2019, included 1,109 stores, approximately 18,000 wholesale locations (including department stores, national chain stores, specialty stores and discount retailers), and our eCommerce websites in North America, as well as our other international wholesale accounts and licensees. Our multi-channel global business model, which includes retail store, e-commerce, and wholesale sales channels, enables us to reach a broad range of consumers around the world.
This strategy has and will continue to require significant investment in cross-functional operations and management focus, along with investment in supporting technologies. Omni-channel retailing is rapidly evolving and we must anticipate and meet changing customer expectations and counteract new developments and technology investments by our competitors. Our omni-channel retailing strategy includes implementing new technology, software, and processes to be able to fulfill customer orders from any point within our system of stores and distribution centers, which is extremely complex and may not meet customer expectations for timely and accurate deliveries. If we are unable to attract and retain employees or contract with third-parties having the specialized skills needed to support our multi-channel efforts, implement improvements to our customer-facing technology in a timely manner, allow real-time and accurate visibility to product availability when customers are ready to purchase, quickly and efficiently fulfill our customers' orders using the fulfillment and payment methods they demand, or provide a convenient and consistent experience for our customers regardless of the ultimate sales channel, our ability to compete and our results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, if our retail eCommerce sites or our other customer-facing technology systems do not appeal to our customers, reliably function as designed, or maintain the privacy of customer data, or if we are unable to consistently meet our brand and delivery promises to our customers, we may experience a loss of customer confidence or lost sales, or be exposed to fraudulent purchases, which could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations.
Our retail success is dependent upon identifying locations and negotiating appropriate lease terms for retail stores.
A significant portion of our revenues are through our retail stores in leased retail locations across the United States, Canada, and Mexico. Successful operation of a retail store depends, in part, on the overall ability of the retail location to attract a consumer base sufficient to generate profitable store sales volumes. If we are unable to identify new retail locations with consumer traffic sufficient to support a profitable sales level, our retail growth may be limited. Further, if existing stores do not maintain a sufficient customer base that provides a reasonable sales volume or we are unable to negotiate appropriate lease terms for the retail stores, there could be a material adverse impact on our sales, gross margin, and results of operations. In addition, if consumer shopping preferences transition more from brick-and-mortar stores to online retail experiences, any increase we may see in our eCommerce sales may not be sufficient to offset the decreases in sales from our brick-and-mortar stores.
We also must be able to effectively renew our existing store leases on acceptable terms. In addition, from time to time, we may seek to downsize, consolidate, reposition, or close some of our real estate locations, which in most cases requires a modification of an existing store lease. Failure to renew existing store leases, secure adequate new locations, or successfully modify existing locations, or failure to effectively manage the profitability of our existing fleet of stores, could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Additionally, the economic environment may at times make it difficult to determine the fair market rent of real estate properties within the United States and internationally. This could impact the quality of our decisions to exercise lease options and renew expiring leases at negotiated rents. Any adverse effect on the quality of these decisions could impact our ability to retain real estate locations adequate to meet our targets or efficiently manage the profitability of our existing fleet of stores, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.

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Our eCommerce business faces distinct risks, and our failure to successfully manage it could have a negative impact on our profitability.
The successful operation of our eCommerce business as well as our ability to provide a positive shopping experience that will generate orders and drive subsequent visits depends on efficient and uninterrupted operation of our order-taking and fulfillment operations. Risks associated with our eCommerce business include:
the failure of the computer systems, including those of third-party vendors, that operate our eCommerce sites including, among others, inadequate system capacity, computer viruses, human error, changes in programming, security breaches, system upgrades or migration of these services to new systems;
disruptions in telecommunications services or power outages;
reliance on third parties for computer hardware and software, as well as delivery of merchandise to our customers on-time and without damage;
rapid technology changes;
the failure to deliver products to customers on-time and within customers' expectations;
credit or debit card, or other electronic payment-type, fraud;
the diversion of sales from our physical stores;
natural disasters or adverse weather conditions;
changes in applicable federal, state and international regulations;
liability for online content; and
consumer privacy concerns and regulation.
Problems in any of these areas could result in a reduction in sales, increased costs and damage to our reputation and brands, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We may be unsuccessful in expanding into international markets.
We cannot be sure that we can successfully complete any planned international expansion or that new international business will be profitable or meet our expectations. We do not have significant experience operating in markets outside of the United States and Canada. Consumer demand, behavior, tastes, and purchasing trends may differ in international markets and, as a result, sales of our products may not be successful or meet our expectations, or the margins on those sales may not be in line with those we currently anticipate. We may encounter differences in business culture and the legal environment that may make working with commercial partners and hiring and retaining an adequate employee base more challenging. We may also face difficulties integrating foreign business operations with our current operations. Significant changes in foreign relations, such as the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union and potential trade wars between nations in which we operate, may also hinder our success in new markets. Our entry into new markets may have upfront investment costs that may not be accompanied by sufficient revenues to achieve typical or expected operational and financial performance and such costs may be greater than expected. If our international expansion plans are unsuccessful, our results could be materially adversely affected.
Our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows, and our ability to conduct business in international markets may be affected by legal, regulatory, political, and economic risks.
Our ability to conduct business in new and existing international markets is subject to legal, regulatory, political, and economic risks. These include the burdens of complying with foreign laws and regulations (including trade and labor restrictions), unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, new consumer privacy laws, and new tariffs or other barriers in some international markets. Additionally, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, and similar world-wide anti-bribery laws, prohibit companies and their intermediaries from making improper payments to government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business. Our policies mandate compliance with anti-bribery laws. Our internal control policies and procedures, or those of our vendors, may not adequately protect us from reckless or criminal acts committed by our employees, agents, or vendors. Violations of these laws, or allegations of such violations, could disrupt our business and result in a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows.
We are also subject to general political and economic risks in connection with our global operations, including political instability and terrorist attacks, differences in business culture, different laws governing relationships with employees and business partners, changes in diplomatic and trade relationships, and general economic fluctuations in specific countries or markets.

14


We may not achieve sales growth plans, cost savings, and other assumptions that support the carrying value of our intangible assets.
The carrying values of our goodwill and tradename assets are subject to annual impairment reviews as of the last day of each fiscal year or more frequently, if deemed necessary, due to any significant events or changes in circumstances. Estimated future cash flows used in these impairment reviews could be negatively affected if we do not achieve our sales plans and planned cost savings. Other assumptions that support the carrying value of these intangible assets, including a deterioration of macroeconomic conditions which would negatively affect the cost of capital and/or discount rates, could also result in impairment of the remaining asset values. Any material impairment would adversely affect our results of operations.
We have substantial debt, which could adversely affect our financial health and our ability to obtain financing in the future and to react to changes in our business.
As of December 28, 2019, we had $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of debt outstanding (excluding $5.0 million of outstanding letters of credit), and $645.0 million of undrawn availability under our senior secured revolving credit facility after giving effect to $5.0 million of letters of credit issued under our senior secured revolving credit facility. As a result, our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, debt service requirements, or general corporate or other purposes may be limited, and we may be unable to renew or refinance our debt on terms as favorable as our existing debt or at all.
If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations and other cash requirements, we could be forced to reduce or delay investments and capital expenditures or to sell assets or operations, seek additional capital, or restructure or refinance our indebtedness. We may not be able to effect any such alternative measures, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all and, even if successful, such alternative actions may not allow us to meet our scheduled debt service obligations. In the absence of such operating results and resources, we could face substantial liquidity problems and might be required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debt service and other obligations.
In addition, both our senior secured revolving credit facility and, in certain circumstances, our indenture governing the senior notes contain restrictive covenants that, subject to specified exemptions, restrict our ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make certain investments (including business acquisitions), pay dividends or distributions on our capital stock, engage in mergers, dispose of assets and use the proceeds from any such dispositions, and raise debt or equity capital to be used to repay other indebtedness when it becomes due. These restrictions may limit our ability to engage in acts that may be in our long-term best interests, and may make it difficult for us to execute our business strategy successfully or effectively compete with companies that are not similarly restricted. In particular, we cannot guarantee that we will have sufficient cash from operations, borrowing capacity under our debt documents, or the ability to raise additional funds in the capital markets to pursue our growth strategies as a result of these restrictions or otherwise. We may also incur future debt obligations that might subject us to additional restrictive covenants that could affect our financial and operational flexibility.
Our success is dependent upon retaining key individuals within the organization to execute our strategic plan.
Our ability to attract and retain qualified executive management, marketing, merchandising, design, sourcing, operations, and support function staffing is key to our success. If we are unable to attract and retain qualified individuals in these areas, this may result in an adverse impact on our growth and results of operations. Our inability to retain personnel could cause us to experience business disruption due to a loss of historical knowledge and a lack of business continuity and may adversely affect our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.
Our failure to properly manage strategic initiatives in order to achieve our objectives may negatively impact our business.
The implementation of our business strategy periodically involves the execution of complex initiatives, such as acquisitions, which may require that we make significant estimates and assumptions about a project, and these projects could place significant demands on our accounting, financial, information, and other systems, and on our business overall. In addition, we are dependent on our management ability to oversee these projects effectively and implement them successfully. If our estimates and assumptions about a project are incorrect, or if we miscalculate the resources or time we need to complete a project or fail to implement a project effectively, our business and operating results could be adversely affected.
We may be unable to successfully integrate acquired businesses and such acquisitions may fail to achieve the financial results we expected.
From time to time we may acquire other businesses as part of our growth strategy, such as our acquisitions of the Skip Hop brand and our Mexican licensee in fiscal 2017, and we may partially or fully fund future acquisitions by taking on additional debt. We may be unable to successfully integrate businesses we acquire and such acquisitions may fail to achieve the financial

15


results we expected. Integrating completed acquisitions into our existing operations, particularly larger acquisitions, involves numerous risks, including harmonizing divergent technology platforms, diversion of our management attention, failure to retain key personnel, and failure of the acquired business to be financially successful. In addition, we cannot be certain of the extent of any unknown or contingent liabilities of any acquired business, including liabilities for failure to comply with applicable laws, including those relating to product safety or anti-bribery and anti-corruption. We may incur material liabilities for past activities of acquired businesses. Also, depending on the location of the acquired business, we may be required to comply with laws and regulations that may differ from those of the jurisdictions in which our operations are currently conducted. Our inability to successfully integrate businesses we acquire, or if such businesses do not achieve the financial results we expect, may increase our costs and have a material adverse impact on our financial condition and results of operations.
Failure to implement new information technology systems or needed upgrades to our systems, including operational and financial systems, could adversely affect our business.
As our business continues to grow in size, complexity, and geographic footprint, we have enhanced and upgraded our information technology infrastructure and we expect there to be a regular need for additional enhancements and upgrades as we continue to grow. Failure to implement new systems or upgrade systems, including operational and financial systems, as needed or complications encountered in implementing new systems or upgrading existing systems could cause disruptions that may adversely affect our business and results of operations. Further, additional investments needed to upgrade and expand our information technology infrastructure may require significant investment of additional resources and capital, which may not always be available or available on favorable terms.
Our Braselton, Georgia distribution facility handles a large portion of our merchandise distribution. If we encounter problems with this facility, our ability to deliver our products to the market could be adversely affected.
We handle a large portion of our merchandise distribution for our U.S. stores and our eCommerce operations from our facility in Braselton, Georgia. Our ability to meet consumer expectations, manage inventory, complete sales, and achieve objectives for operating efficiencies depends on proper operation of this facility. If we are not able to distribute merchandise to our stores or customers because we have exceeded our capacity at our distribution facility (such as a high level of demand during peak periods) or because of natural disasters, accidents, system failures, disruptions, or other events, our sales could decline, which may have a materially adverse effect on our earnings, financial position, and our reputation. In addition, we use an automated system that manages the order processing for our eCommerce business. In the event that this system becomes inoperable for any reason, we may be unable to ship orders in a timely manner, and as a result, we could experience a reduction in our direct-to-consumer business, which could negatively impact our sales and profitability.
Failure to comply with the various laws and regulations as well as changes in laws and regulations could have an adverse impact on our reputation, financial condition, or results of operations.
We must comply with various laws and regulations, including applicable employment, privacy and consumer protection laws. Our policies, procedures, and internal controls are designed to help us comply with all applicable foreign and domestic laws, accounting and reporting requirements, regulations, and tax requirements, including those imposed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the SEC, and the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") as well as other laws. Our failure to comply with these various laws and regulations could have an adverse impact on our reputation, financial condition, or results of operations.
In addition, any changes in regulations, the imposition of additional regulations or the enactment of any new legislation that affects employment and labor, trade, product safety, data privacy (including the E.U. General Data Protection Act and the California Consumer Privacy Act), transportation and logistics, health care, tax, privacy, operations, or environmental issues, among other things, may increase the complexity of the regulatory environment in which we operate and the related cost of compliance. Although we undertake to monitor changes in these laws, if these laws change without our knowledge, or are violated by importers, designers, manufacturers, distributors, or agents, we could experience delays in shipments and receipt of goods, or be subject to fines or other penalties under the controlling regulations, any of which could negatively affect the our business and results of operations.
We may experience fluctuations in our tax obligations and effective tax rate.
We are subject to income taxes in federal and applicable state and local tax jurisdictions in the United States, Canada, Hong Kong, Mexico, and other foreign jurisdictions. The taxable income in each jurisdiction is affected by certain transfer prices between affiliated entities. Challenges to the arms-length nature of these transfer prices could materially affect our taxable income in a taxing jurisdiction, and therefore affect our income tax expense. We record tax expense based on our estimates of current and future payments, which include reserves for estimates of uncertain tax positions. At any time, many tax years are

16


subject to audit by various taxing jurisdictions. The results of these audits and negotiations with taxing authorities may impact the ultimate settlement of these tax positions. As a result, there could be ongoing variability in our quarterly tax rates as taxable events occur and exposures are re-evaluated. Further, our effective tax rate in any financial statement period may be materially affected by changes in the geographic mix and level of earnings.
Due to a 2018 US Supreme Court ruling, states may have additional ability to tax entities operating in their state, but lacking physical presence. This case and states' response to its findings may affect our business, financial condition, or results of operations in future periods.
We are aware of certain international initiatives (such as the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD)'s Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS)) that are focused on the equity of international taxation and have proposed several pillars of international tax that may ultimately result a worldwide minimum tax, or more defined approach around global profit allocation between related companies operating in jurisdictions with disparate income tax rates. In addition, many countries have adopted mandatory country by country reporting of revenue, employees and profits, intended to provide information about a company's global tax strategy. There has also been international discussion of the inequity of certain international provisions of the 2017 Tax Act (defined below) as it relates to international commerce. We continue to assess the effects that these international initiatives will have on our business, financial condition, or results of operations in future periods.
In December 2017, the U.S. government enacted tax law changes known as the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the "2017 Tax Act"). The 2017 Tax Act significantly effects U.S. taxation for multinational corporations. Provisions of the 2017 Tax Act include a reduction in the U.S. corporate tax rate, certain provisions to broaden the U.S. tax base, imposition of a minimum tax on income earned by foreign subsidiaries, an incentive for foreign sourced income earned by US entities and an incentive to encourage the repatriation of foreign sourced income. The Internal Revenue Service has issued numerous regulations, and has expressed an intention to issue additional guidance, some of which may be applied retroactively to fiscal 2017. We continue to assess the effects that additional IRS regulations, notices, and other guidance will have on our business, financial condition, or results of operations in future periods.
Various states have selectively adopted certain provisions of the 2017 Tax Act, and other states have expressed that they continue to evaluate the impact this tax law has on state revenue. We anticipate that states will continue to legislatively adopt certain provisions of the 2017 Tax Act that may impact our state tax liability for current and deferred state taxes in the period adopted.
During the requisite service period for compensable equity-based compensation awards that we may grant to certain employees, we recognize a deferred income tax benefit on the compensation expense we incur for these awards for all employees other than our named executive officers. At time of subsequent vesting, exercise, or expiration of an award, the difference between our actual income tax deduction, if any, and the previously accrued income tax benefit is recognized in our income tax expense/benefit during the current period and can consequently raise or lower our effective tax rate for the period. Such differences are largely dependent on changes in the market price for our common stock.
We cannot predict whether quotas, duties, taxes, or other similar restrictions will be imposed by the United States or foreign countries upon the import or export of our products in the future, or what effect any of these actions would have, if any, on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. Changes in regulatory, geopolitical, social or economic policies, treaties between the United States and other countries, and other factors may have a material adverse effect on our business in the future or may require us to exit a particular market or significantly modify our current business practices.
Failure to continue to pay or a reduction in quarterly cash dividends to our shareholders could cause the market price for our common stock to decline.
We currently pay a quarterly cash dividend. Future declarations of quarterly cash dividends and the establishment of future record and payment dates are at the discretion of our Board of Directors based on a number of factors, including our future financial performance and other investment priorities. Additionally, provisions in our senior credit facility and the indenture governing our senior notes could have the effect of restricting our ability to pay future cash dividends on, or make future repurchases of, our common stock. Any reduction or discontinuance by us of the payment of quarterly cash dividends could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

17


ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES
The following is a summary of our principal owned and leased properties as of December 28, 2019.
Our corporate headquarters occupies 304,000 square feet of leased space in a building in Atlanta, Georgia. Our lease for that space expires in April 2030. In addition, we occupy leased space in a building in Mississauga, Ontario, which serves as our regional headquarters for Canada, and we occupy leased space in Hong Kong, China, which serves as our principal sourcing office in Asia. We also lease other space in Georgia, Wisconsin, and New York, as well as in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Mexico, the United Kingdom, and (since January 2020) in Vietnam that, depending on the site, serves as a sourcing, sales, or administrative office. We also own a 224,000 square foot facility in Griffin, Georgia.
Our largest distribution centers, which we lease, are located in Braselton, Georgia and Stockbridge, Georgia, and are 1,062,000 and 505,000 square feet, respectively. We lease additional space in Canada and Mexico for distribution and warehousing purposes. We also use third-party logistics providers in various territories, including California and China, to provide warehousing and distribution services.
We also operate the following number of leased retail stores: 862 in the United States; 201 in Canada; and 46 in Mexico. Our average remaining lease term for retail store leases in the United States, Canada, and Mexico is approximately 4.5 years, excluding renewal options.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
We are subject to various claims and pending or threatened lawsuits in the normal course of our business. The Company is not currently a party to any legal proceedings that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.

18


PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND
ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Historical Stock Price and Number of Record Holders
Our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the trading symbol CRI. The last reported sale price per share of our common stock on February 18, 2020 was $110.25. On that date there were 191 holders of record of our common stock.
Share Repurchases
The following table provides information about shares repurchased through our repurchase program described below during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2019:
Period
 
Total number
of shares
purchased(*)
 
Average price paid per share
 
Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs
 
Approximate
dollar value of remaining shares that can be
purchased
under the plans
or programs
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 29, 2019 through October 26, 2019
 
183,194

 
$
92.79

 
183,194

 
$
228,149,548

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
October 27, 2019 through November 23, 2019
 
59,962

 
$
101.02

 
58,895

 
$
222,199,955

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
November 24, 2019 through December 28, 2019
 
257,463

 
$
102.92

 
257,463

 
$
195,703,098

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total
 
500,619

 


 
499,552

 
 
(*)
Includes shares of our common stock surrendered by our employees to satisfy required tax withholding upon the vesting of restricted stock awards. There were 1,067 shares surrendered between October 27, 2019 and November 23, 2019.
Share Repurchase Program
Prior to 2017, our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of shares of our common stock in amounts up to $962.5 million. On both February 13, 2020 and February 22, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $500 million of share repurchases, resulting in the authorization of an aggregate of $1.96 billion in share repurchases over time. These authorizations are in addition to the $400 million authorized in 2013 for the Company's completed accelerated share repurchase (ASR) program.
Open-market repurchases of our common stock during fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017 were as follows:
 
For the fiscal year ended
 
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
 
December 30, 2017
Number of shares repurchased
2,107,472

 
1,879,529

 
2,103,401

Aggregate cost of shares repurchased (dollars in thousands)
$
196,910

 
$
193,028

 
$
188,762

Average price per share
$
93.43

 
$
102.70

 
$
89.74

In addition to the open-market repurchases completed in fiscal years 2019, 2018, and 2017, we completed open-market repurchases totaling $688.0 million in fiscal years prior to 2017.
Repurchases under the authorizations may be made in the open market or in privately-negotiated transactions, with the level and timing of such activity at the discretion of our management depending on market conditions, stock price, other investment priorities, and other factors. The share repurchase authorizations have no expiration dates.
Dividends
On February 13, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a quarterly cash dividend payment of $0.60 per common share, payable on March 20, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on March 6, 2020.

19


In fiscal 2019, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.50 per share each quarter. In fiscal 2018, we paid quarterly cash dividends of $0.45 per share each quarter.
Future declarations of quarterly dividends and the establishment of future record and payment dates are at the discretion of our Board of Directors based on a number of factors, including our future financial performance and other investment priorities.
Provisions in our secured revolving credit facility could have the effect of restricting our ability to pay future cash dividends on or make future repurchases of our common stock. For more information concerning these dividend restrictions, refer to the "Financial Condition, Capital Resources, and Liquidity" section of Item 7 in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
Not applicable.



20


ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA
The following selected financial and other data has been derived from our consolidated financial statements for each of the five fiscal years presented. The following information should be read in conjunction with Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" which includes the consolidated financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, or the respective prior fiscal years' Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday in December or January nearest December 31. Every five or six years, our fiscal year includes an additional, or 53rd, week of results. All fiscal years for which financial information is set forth below contained 52 weeks.
 
For the fiscal year ended
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
 
December 30, 2017(2)

December 31, 2016(2)
 
January 2, 2016(3)
Operating Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Retail
 
$
1,884,150

 
$
1,851,193

 
$
1,775,378

 
$
1,655,784

 
$
1,514,355

U.S. Wholesale
 
1,205,646

 
1,180,687

 
1,209,663


1,178,034

 
1,173,313

International
 
429,490

 
430,389

 
415,463


364,725

 
326,211

Total net sales
 
$
3,519,286

 
$
3,462,269

 
$
3,400,504


$
3,198,543

 
$
3,013,879

Cost of goods sold
 
$
2,010,736

 
$
1,964,786

 
$
1,917,150


$
1,820,024

 
$
1,755,855

Gross profit
 
$
1,508,550

 
$
1,497,483

 
$
1,483,354


$
1,378,519

 
$
1,258,024

Operating income
 
$
371,872

 
$
391,433

 
$
419,607


$
425,928

 
$
392,857

Income before income taxes
 
$
327,952

 
$
355,975

 
$
391,072


$
395,440

 
$
368,188

Net income
 
$
263,802

 
$
282,068

 
$
302,848


$
257,709

 
$
237,822

Per Common Share Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Basic net income
 
$
5.89

 
$
6.06

 
$
6.31


$
5.12

 
$
4.55

Diluted net income
 
$
5.85

 
$
6.00

 
$
6.24


$
5.08

 
$
4.50

Balance Sheet Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Working capital(1)
 
$
632,257

 
$
715,537

 
$
689,464


$
779,717

 
$
867,890

Total assets
 
$
2,753,117

 
$
2,058,858

 
$
2,071,042


$
1,949,037

 
$
2,003,654

Total debt, net
 
$
594,672

 
$
593,264

 
$
617,306


$
580,376

 
$
578,972

Stockholders' equity
 
$
880,130

 
$
869,433

 
$
857,416


$
788,363

 
$
875,051

Cash Flow Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Net cash provided by operating activities
 
$
387,215

 
$
356,198

 
$
329,621


$
369,229

 
$
307,987

Net cash used in investing activities
 
$
(60,670
)
 
$
(63,307
)
 
$
(227,915
)

$
(88,340
)
 
$
(103,425
)
Net cash used in financing activities
 
$
(283,384
)
 
$
(298,946
)
 
$
(223,075
)

$
(363,507
)
 
$
(162,005
)
Other Data:
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 

Capital expenditures
 
$
61,419

 
$
63,783

 
$
69,473


$
88,556

 
$
103,497

Dividend declared & paid per common share
 
$
2.00

 
$
1.80

 
$
1.48

 
$
1.32

 
$
0.88

(1)
Represents total current assets less total current liabilities.
(2)
Fiscal 2017 and 2016 reflect the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Codification No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers.
(3)
Fiscal 2015 reflects the retrospective adoption of Accounting Standards Update No. 2015-03, Presentation of Debt Issuance Cost for Term Debt.



21


ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following is a discussion of our results of operations and current financial condition. You should read this discussion in conjunction with our consolidated historical financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Our discussion of our results of operations and financial condition includes various forward-looking statements about our markets, the demand for our products and services, and our future results. We based these statements on assumptions that we consider reasonable. Actual results may differ materially from those suggested by our forward-looking statements for various reasons including those discussed in the "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Those risk factors expressly qualify all subsequent oral and written forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf. Except for any ongoing obligations to disclose material information as required by the federal securities laws, we do not have any intention or obligation to update forward-looking statements after we file this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
For a comparison of our results for fiscal year 2018 to our results for fiscal year 2017 and other financial information related to fiscal year 2017, refer to our 2018 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on February 25, 2019.
Fiscal Years
Our fiscal year ends on the Saturday in December or January nearest December 31. Every five or six years, our fiscal year includes an additional, or 53rd, week of results. Fiscal year 2019 ended on December 28, 2019 and fiscal year 2018 ended on December 29, 2018. Both fiscal year 2019 and fiscal year 2018 contained 52 calendar weeks.
Our Business
We are the largest branded marketer in North America of apparel exclusively for babies and young children. We own two of the most highly recognized and most trusted brand names in the children's apparel industry, Carter's and OshKosh B'gosh (or "OshKosh"), and a leading baby and young child lifestyle brand, Skip Hop.
Established in 1865, our Carter's brand is recognized and trusted by consumers for high-quality apparel and accessories for children in sizes newborn to 14.
Established in 1895, OshKosh is a well-known brand, trusted by consumers for apparel and accessories for children in sizes newborn to 14, with a focus on playclothes for toddlers and young children.
Established in 2003, the Skip Hop brand re-thinks, re-energizes, and re-imagines durable necessities such as diaper bags to create higher value, superior quality, and top-performing products for parents, babies, and toddlers. We acquired the Skip Hop brand in February 2017.
Our mission is to serve the needs of all families with young children, with a vision to be the world's favorite brands in young children's apparel and products. We believe our brands provide a complementary product offering and aesthetic, are each uniquely positioned in the marketplace, and offer strong value to families with young children. The baby and young children's apparel market ages zero to 10 in the U.S. is approximately $27 billion. In that market, our Carter's brands, including our exclusive brands, have the #1 position with approximately 12% of market share and our OshKosh brand has approximately 2% market share.
Our multi-channel global business model, which includes retail store, eCommerce, and wholesale sales channels, enables us to reach a broad range of consumers around the world. As of December 28, 2019, our channels included 1,109 retail stores, approximately 18,000 wholesale locations, and eCommerce websites in North America, as well as our other international wholesale accounts and licensees who operate in over 90 countries.
We have extensive experience in the young children's apparel and accessories market and focus on delivering products that satisfy our consumers' needs. Our long-term growth strategy is focused on:
providing the best value and experience in apparel and related products for young children;
extending the reach of our brands; and
improving profitability.
Segments
Our three business segments are: U.S. Retail, U.S. Wholesale, and International. These segments are our operating and reporting segments. Our U.S. Retail segment consists of revenue primarily from sales of products in the United States through

22


our retail stores and eCommerce websites. Similarly, our U.S. Wholesale segment consists of revenue primarily from sales in the United States of products to our wholesale partners. Finally, our International segment consists of revenue primarily from sales of products outside the United States, largely through our retail stores and eCommerce websites in Canada and Mexico, and sales to our international wholesale customers and licensees.

23



Fiscal Year 2019 Highlights
Consolidated net sales increased $57.0 million, or 1.6%, to $3.52 billion in fiscal 2019, reflecting our 31st consecutive year of sales growth.
U.S. Retail net sales increased $33.0 million, or 1.8%, primarily attributable to an increase in eCommerce sales and an increase in new stores that are not yet comparable, partially offset by a decline in comparable retail stores driven by reduced traffic and a decrease in net sales resulting from store closures. We continue to execute on our U.S. Retail store optimization strategy which includes closing older, under-performing, locations and opening stores in more convenient locations for our customers, such as strip or value centers.
U.S. Wholesale sales increased $25.0 million, or 2.1%, primarily driven by growth of our exclusive Carter's brands.
International segment sales decreased $0.9 million, or 0.2%, primarily due to the transition of our business model in China from wholesale to a full licensing model in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and unfavorable movements in foreign currency exchange rates, partially offset by higher demand in Canada and growth in various markets outside of North America.
Gross profit increased $11.1 million, or 0.7%, to $1.51 billion in fiscal 2019. Gross margin decreased 40 basis points ("bps") to 42.9% in fiscal 2019, primarily due to higher product costs including additional tariffs imposed on products imported from China, a lower margin customer and product mix within U.S. Wholesale, and higher shipping costs in our eCommerce channel. These decreases were partially offset by a higher average selling price per unit and favorable inventory provisions.
Selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses as a percentage of total net sales ("SG&A rate") decreased 70 bps to 32.4% for fiscal 2019, primarily as a result of a decrease in customer-related bankruptcy charges and lower expenses due to the transition of our business model in China from wholesale to a full licensing model.
Operating income decreased $19.6 million, or 5.0%, to $371.9 million in fiscal 2019, primarily due to the recognition of a $30.8 million non-cash impairment related to the Skip Hop tradename, partially offset by the factors discussed above.
Net income decreased $18.3 million, or 6.5%, to $263.8 million in fiscal 2019, primarily due to the recognition of a $30.8 million Skip Hop tradename non-cash impairment charge and a $7.8 million loss on extinguishment of debt recognized as part of our senior note refinancing in fiscal 2019, partially offset by sales growth in U.S. Retail and U.S. Wholesale.
Diluted net income per common share decreased 2.5% to $5.85 in fiscal 2019.
A total of $286.5 million was returned to our shareholders, comprised of $196.9 million in share repurchases and $89.6 million in dividends.
In fiscal 2019, we strengthened our position as the market leader in young children's apparel. We enhanced our omni-channel capabilities to better serve families with young children, including our buy online, pickup in-store capability which provides our customers with same-day in-store fulfillment of eCommerce orders. Our eCommerce businesses continued to deliver strong growth, in part due to the re-launch of our U.S. Retail websites and the launch of a website in Mexico. We also continued to focus on capturing operational efficiencies and scaling our Skip Hop, Mexico, and Simple Joys businesses. These efforts, along with our focus on providing the best value and experience in apparel and related products for young children, enabled us to outperform the children's apparel market in 2019.
Recent Developments
We are closely monitoring an outbreak of respiratory illness caused by a novel coronavirus that was first detected in Wuhan, China. The virus has affected several industries within China, including textile production and manufacturing. As such, we may experience delays in the receipt of product from our vendors in Asia, including China. The financial impact of any delayed receipts is unknown at this time. Our actual results could differ materially from our guidance due to this risk, and other uncertainties and factors, including those set forth in “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

24



RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
2019 FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 28, 2019 COMPARED TO 2018 FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 29, 2018
The following table summarizes our results of operations. All percentages shown in the below table and the discussion that follows have been calculated using unrounded numbers.
 
Fiscal year ended
 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
 
$ Change
 
% / bps Change
Consolidated net sales
$
3,519,286

 
$
3,462,269

 
$
57,017

 
1.6
 %
Cost of goods sold
2,010,736

 
1,964,786

 
45,950

 
2.3
 %
Gross profit
1,508,550

 
1,497,483

 
11,067

 
0.7
 %
Gross profit as % of consolidated net sales
42.9
%
 
43.3
%
 


 
(40) bps

Royalty income, net
34,637

 
38,930

 
(4,293
)
 
(11.0
)%
Royalty income as % of consolidated net sales
1.0
%
 
1.1
%
 


 
(10) bps

Selling, general, and administrative expenses
1,140,515

 
1,144,980

 
(4,465
)
 
(0.4
)%
SG&A expenses as % of consolidated net sales
32.4
%
 
33.1
%
 


 
(70) bps

Intangible asset impairment
30,800

 

 
30,800

 
n/a

Operating income
371,872

 
391,433

 
(19,561
)
 
(5.0
)%
Operating income as % of consolidated net sales
10.6
%
 
11.3
%
 


 
(70) bps

Interest expense
37,617

 
34,569

 
3,048

 
8.8
 %
Interest income
(1,303
)
 
(527
)
 
(776
)
 
147.2
 %
Other (income) expense, net
(217
)
 
1,416

 
(1,633
)
 
(115.3
)%
Loss on extinguishment of debt
7,823

 

 
7,823

 
n/a

Income before income taxes
327,952

 
355,975

 
(28,023
)
 
(7.9
)%
Provision for income taxes
64,150

 
73,907

 
(9,757
)
 
(13.2
)%
Effective tax rate(*)
19.6
%
 
20.8
%
 


 
(120) bps

Net income
$
263,802

 
$
282,068

 
$
(18,266
)
 
(6.5
)%
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic net income per common share
$
5.89

 
$
6.06

 
$
(0.17
)
 
(2.8
)%
Diluted net income per common share
$
5.85

 
$
6.00

 
$
(0.15
)
 
(2.5
)%
Dividend declared and paid per common share
$
2.00

 
$
1.80

 
$
0.20

 
11.1
 %
(*)
Effective tax rate is calculated by dividing the provision for income taxes by income before income taxes.
Note: Results may not be additive due to rounding.
Consolidated Net Sales
Consolidated net sales increased $57.0 million, or 1.6%, to $3.52 billion in fiscal 2019. This increase reflected sales growth of $33.0 million in our U.S. Retail and $25.0 million in our U.S. Wholesale segments. Sales in our International segment were comparable to last year. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates used for translation in fiscal 2019, as compared to fiscal 2018, had an unfavorable effect on our consolidated net sales of approximately $6.1 million.
Gross Profit and Gross Margin
Our consolidated gross profit increased $11.1 million, or 0.7%, to $1.51 billion in fiscal 2019. Consolidated gross margin decreased 40 bps to 42.9% in fiscal 2019.
Gross profit is calculated as consolidated net sales less cost of goods sold, and gross margin is calculated as gross profit divided by consolidated net sales. Cost of goods sold include expenses related to the merchandising, design, and procurement of product, including inbound freight costs, purchasing and receiving costs, and inspection costs. Also included in costs of goods sold are the costs of shipping eCommerce product to end consumers. Retail store occupancy costs, distribution expenses, and generally all other expenses other than interest and income taxes are included in selling, general, and administrative ("SG&A"). Distribution expenses that are included in SG&A primarily consist of payments to third-party shippers and handling costs to process product through our distribution facilities, including eCommerce fulfillment costs, and delivery to our wholesale

25



customers and to our retail stores. Accordingly, our gross profit and gross margin may not be comparable to other entities that define their metrics differently.
The increase in consolidated gross profit was primarily due to sales growth in the U.S. Retail and U.S. Wholesale segments, a higher average selling price per unit, and favorable inventory provisions, partially offset by higher product costs and additional tariffs imposed on units imported from China.
The decrease in consolidated gross margin was primarily attributable to higher product costs including additional tariffs imposed on units imported from China, a lower margin customer and product mix within U.S. Wholesale, and higher shipping costs in our eCommerce channel. These decreases were partially offset by a higher average selling price per unit and favorable inventory provisions.
Royalty Income
Royalty income decreased $4.3 million, or 11.0%, to $34.6 million in fiscal 2019. In 2019, the Company ended a previous royalty arrangement with Target related to the Genuine Kids by OshKosh brand. The Company now sells the OshKosh brand to Target directly under a wholesale business model. Additionally, in 2019, the Company insourced certain hosiery products, which had been previously manufactured by a third party under a licensing agreement.
Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses
Consolidated SG&A expenses decreased $4.5 million, or 0.4%, to $1.14 billion in fiscal 2019 and decreased as a percentage of consolidated net sales approximately 70 bps to 32.4% in fiscal 2019. This decrease was primarily attributable to the inclusion in fiscal 2018 of certain customer-related bankruptcy charges and lower expenses in the current year due to the transition of our business model in China from wholesale to a full licensing model. These decreases were partially offset by higher investments in key growth priorities, which include expenses related to the U.S. Retail business and technology initiatives, higher distribution costs, and increased performance-based compensation.
Intangible Asset Impairment
In the third quarter of fiscal 2019, the Company recorded a non-cash charge of $30.8 million relative to the impairment of its Skip Hop tradename recorded in connection with the acquisition of Skip Hop Holdings, Inc. in 2017. The impairment reflects the effect of lower sales and profitability relative to the assumptions supporting the valuation of the tradename at acquisition. Such reductions reflect lower U.S. demand, including the loss of a significant customer (Toys "R" Us), lower international demand, and the impact of additional tariffs imposed on product sourced from China.
Operating Income
Consolidated operating income decreased $19.6 million, or 5.0%, to $371.9 million in fiscal 2019 and decreased as a percentage of net sales by approximately 70 bps to 10.6% in fiscal 2019, primarily due to a $30.8 million non-cash impairment related to the Skip Hop tradename, partially offset by the factors discussed above.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $3.0 million, or 8.8%, to $37.6 million in fiscal 2019. Weighted-average borrowings for fiscal 2019 were $662.2 million at an effective interest rate of 5.47%, compared to weighted-average borrowings for fiscal 2018 of $686.9 million at an effective interest rate of 4.90%.
The decrease in weighted-average borrowings during fiscal 2019 was attributable to reduced borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility. The increase in the effective interest rate for fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 was primarily due to incremental interest expense associated with the refinancing of the previous senior notes in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and a higher London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") for the outstanding borrowings on our variable-rate secured revolving credit facility during the fiscal 2019 period.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
During the first quarter of fiscal 2019, loss on extinguishment of debt was $7.8 million due to the early extinguishment of our $400 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.25% senior notes due in 2021. Concurrently, we issued $500 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.625% senior notes due in 2027.

26



Income Taxes
Our consolidated income taxes decreased $9.8 million, or 13.2%, to $64.2 million in fiscal 2019 and the effective tax rate decreased approximately 120 bps to 19.6% in fiscal 2019 from 20.8% in fiscal 2018. The lower effective tax rate in 2019 reflects the mix of income earned in the U.S. versus foreign jurisdictions.
Net Income
Our consolidated net income decreased $18.3 million, or 6.5%, to $263.8 million in fiscal 2019. This decrease was due to the factors previously discussed.
Results by Segment - Fiscal Year 2019 compared to Fiscal Year 2018
The following table summarizes net sales and operating income, by segment, for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018:
 
Fiscal year ended
 
 
 
 
(dollars in thousands)
December 28, 2019
 
% of consolidated net sales
 
December 29, 2018
 
% of consolidated net sales
 
$ Change
 
% Change
Net sales:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Retail
$
1,884,150

 
53.5
%
 
$
1,851,193

 
53.5
%
 
$
32,957

 
1.8
 %
U.S. Wholesale
1,205,646

 
34.3
%
 
1,180,687

 
34.1
%
 
24,959

 
2.1
 %
International
429,490

 
12.2
%
 
430,389

 
12.4
%
 
(899
)
 
(0.2
)%
Consolidated net sales
$
3,519,286

 
100.0
%
 
$
3,462,269

 
100.0
%
 
$
57,017

 
1.6
 %
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating income:
 
 
% of segment net sales
 
 
 
% of segment net sales
 
 
 
 
U.S. Retail
$
225,874

 
12.0
%
 
$
224,784

 
12.1
%
 
$
1,090

 
0.5
 %
U.S. Wholesale
212,558

 
17.6
%
 
224,194

 
19.0
%
 
(11,636
)
 
(5.2
)%
International
36,650

 
8.5
%
 
39,253

 
9.1
%
 
(2,603
)
 
(6.6
)%
Unallocated corporate expenses
(103,210
)
 
2.9
%
 
(96,798
)
 
2.8
%
 
(6,412
)
 
(6.6
)%
Consolidated operating income
$
371,872

 
10.6
%
 
$
391,433

 
11.3
%
 
$
(19,561
)
 
(5.0
)%
Comparable Sales Metrics
Our management's discussion and analysis includes comparable sales metrics for our company-owned retail stores and our eCommerce sites in our U.S. Retail and International segments.
Our comparable store sales metrics include sales for all stores and eCommerce sites that were open and operated by us during the comparable fiscal period, including stand-alone format stores that converted to multi-branded format stores and certain remodeled or relocated stores. A store or site becomes comparable following 13 consecutive full fiscal months of operations. If a store relocates within the same center with no business interruption or material change in square footage, the sales of such store will continue to be included in the comparable store metrics. If a store relocates to another center, or there is a material change in square footage, such store is treated as a new store. Stores that are closed during the relevant fiscal period are included in the comparable store sales metrics up to the last full fiscal month of operations.
The method of calculating sales metrics varies across the retail industry. As a result, our comparable sales metrics may not be comparable to those other retailers.  
U.S. Retail
U.S. Retail segment net sales increased $33.0 million, or 1.8%, to $1.88 billion in fiscal 2019. The increase in net sales was primarily attributable to an increase in eCommerce sales and an increase in revenue from new stores that are not yet comparable, partially offset by a decline in comparable retail stores driven by reduced traffic and a decrease in net sales resulting from store closures. Comparable net sales, including retail stores and eCommerce, increased 0.4% during fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal

27



2018 primarily driven by growth in eCommerce. As of December 28, 2019, we operated 862 retail stores in the U.S. compared to 844 (excluding five temporary Skip Hop stores) in fiscal 2018.
U.S. Retail segment operating income increased $1.1 million, or 0.5%, to $225.9 million in fiscal 2019. Operating income in fiscal 2019 included a $1.2 million intangible asset impairment charge related to the Skip Hop tradename. Operating margin decreased 10 bps to 12.0% in fiscal 2019. The primary drivers of the decrease in operating margin were a 40 bps decrease in gross margin and the intangible asset impairment, partially offset by a 30 bps reduction in SG&A rate (SG&A as a percentage of net sales). The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to higher product costs including additional tariffs and unfavorable inventory provisions, partially offset by a higher average selling price per unit. The decrease in the SG&A rate was primarily driven by improved leverage of retail store expenses as a result of productivity initiatives and lower freight.
U.S. Wholesale
U.S. Wholesale segment net sales increased $25.0 million, or 2.1%, to $1.21 billion in fiscal 2019. This increase reflected growth of our exclusive Carter's brands and an increase in average selling price per unit, partially offset by reduced demand, primarily due to customer bankruptcies.
U.S. Wholesale segment operating income decreased $11.6 million, or 5.2%, to $212.6 million in fiscal 2019. Operating income in fiscal 2019 included a $19.1 million intangible asset impairment charge related to the Skip Hop tradename. Operating margin decreased 140 bps to 17.6% in fiscal 2019. The primary drivers of the decrease in operating margin were a 70 bps decrease in gross margin, a 40 bps decrease in royalty income, and the intangible asset impairment, partially offset by a 130 bps reduction in SG&A rate. The decrease in gross margin was primarily due to higher product costs, including additional tariffs, and unfavorable changes in customer mix, partially offset by favorable inventory provisions. The decrease in royalty income was primarily due to the initiation of wholesale sales of the OshKosh brand at Target which replaced a former royalty business model. The decrease in the SG&A rate was primarily driven by the absence of customer-related bankruptcy charges.
International
International segment net sales decreased $0.9 million, or 0.2%, to $429.5 million in fiscal 2019. Changes in foreign currency exchange rates, primarily between the U.S. dollar and the Canadian dollar, had a $6.1 million unfavorable effect on International segment net sales in fiscal 2019. The decrease in net sales is primarily due to the transition of our business model in China from wholesale to a full licensing model in the first quarter of fiscal 2019 and the unfavorable effect of foreign currency exchange rates, offset by higher demand in Canada and growth in various markets outside of North America.
Canadian comparable net sales, including retail stores and eCommerce, increased 0.9% in fiscal 2019 compared to fiscal 2018 primarily due to growth in eCommerce. As of December 28, 2019, we operated 201 and 46 retail stores in Canada and Mexico respectively, compared to 188 and 42 in fiscal 2018.
International segment operating income decreased $2.6 million, or 6.6%, to $36.7 million in fiscal 2019. Operating income in fiscal 2019 included a $10.5 million intangible asset impairment charge related to the Skip Hop tradename. Operating margin decreased 60 bps to 8.5% in fiscal 2019. The decrease in the operating margin was primarily attributable to the intangible asset impairment, partially offset by a 40 bps increase in gross margin and a 140 bps decrease in the SG&A rate. The increase in gross margin was primarily due to favorable inventory provisions, partially offset by higher product costs and unfavorable channel mix. The SG&A rate decreased primarily as a result of the China business model change.
Unallocated Corporate Expenses
Unallocated corporate expenses increased $6.4 million, or 6.6%, to $103.2 million in fiscal 2019. Unallocated corporate expenses, as a percentage of consolidated net sales, decreased 10 bps to 2.9% in fiscal 2019. The increase primarily reflects increased investments in information technology initiatives and increased performance based compensation.
FINANCIAL CONDITION, CAPITAL RESOURCES, AND LIQUIDITY
Our ongoing cash needs are primarily for working capital and capital expenditures. We expect that our primary sources of liquidity will continue to be cash and cash equivalents on hand, cash flow from operations, and borrowings available under our secured revolving credit facility. We expect that these sources will fund our ongoing requirements for the foreseeable future. We also believe that we have ready access to the capital markets if additional sources of funding or liquidity are required. Further, we do not expect current economic conditions to prevent us from meeting our cash needs. These sources of liquidity may be affected by events described in our risk factors, as further discussed in "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019.

28



As of December 28, 2019, we had approximately $214.3 million of cash and cash equivalents in major financial institutions, including approximately $56.5 million in financial institutions located outside of the United States. We maintain cash deposits with major financial institutions that exceed the insurance coverage limits provided by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in the United States, and by similar insurers for deposits located outside the United States. To mitigate this risk, we utilize a policy of allocating cash deposits among major financial institutions that have been evaluated by us and third-party rating agencies.
Balance Sheet
Net accounts receivable at December 28, 2019 were $251.0 million compared to $258.3 million at December 29, 2018. The decrease of $7.3 million, or 2.8%, as compared to December 29, 2018, was primarily the result of the timing of wholesale customer receipts.
Inventories at December 28, 2019 were $594.0 million compared to $574.2 million at December 29, 2018. The increase of $19.8 million, or 3.4%, compared to December 29, 2018, primarily reflected an increased average unit cost, timing of receipts, changes in foreign currency exchange rates used for translation, and business growth from retail locations.
Cash Flow
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities for fiscal 2019 was $387.2 million compared to net cash provided by operating activities of $356.2 million in fiscal 2018. The increase in operating cash flow primarily reflected the timing of payments and receipts in the normal course of business.
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was approximately $60.7 million in fiscal 2019, compared to net cash used of approximately $63.3 million in fiscal 2018. This decrease in net cash used in investing activities for fiscal 2019 is primarily due to a decrease in capital expenditures. Our capital expenditures were approximately $61.4 million, including $32.1 million for our U.S. and international retail store openings and remodelings, $17.8 million for information technology initiatives, $4.8 million for our distribution facilities, and $2.3 million for wholesale fixtures.
We plan to invest approximately $75 million in capital expenditures in fiscal 2020, primarily for U.S. and international retail store openings and remodelings, information technology initiatives, and distribution facilities.
Net Cash Used in Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $283.4 million in fiscal 2019 compared to $298.9 million in fiscal 2018. This decrease in cash used for financing activities in fiscal 2019 primarily reflected the receipt of $500 million of proceeds from the issuance of senior notes due 2027, which were used to refinance the previous senior notes due 2021 and a portion of the borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility, and proceeds from exercises of stock options. This was offset in part by the payment of debt issuance costs, premiums paid to extinguish debt, increased repurchases of common stock and increased dividend payments.
Secured Revolving Credit Facility
On August 25, 2017, the Company's wholly-owned subsidiary, The William Carter Company ("TWCC"), and the syndicate of lenders entered into a fourth amended and restated secured revolving credit agreement. This amended and restated secured revolving credit facility provided: (a) an extension of the term of the facility to August 25, 2022 and (b) an increase in the aggregate credit line to $750 million which includes a $650 million U.S. dollar facility and a $100 million multicurrency facility denominated in U.S. dollars, Canadian dollars, Euros, Pounds Sterling, or other currencies agreed to by the applicable lenders. The $650 million U.S. dollar facility is inclusive of a $100 million sub-limit for letters of credit and a swing line sub-limit of $70 million. The $100 million multicurrency facility is inclusive of a $40 million sub-limit for letters of credit and a swing line sub-limit of $15 million. In addition, the secured revolving credit facility provides for incremental borrowing facilities up to $425 million, which are comprised of an incremental $350 million U.S. dollar revolving credit facility and an incremental $75 million multicurrency revolving credit facility. The incremental U.S. dollar revolving credit facility can increase to an unlimited borrowing amount so long as the consolidated first lien leverage ratio (as defined in the secured revolving credit facility) does not exceed 2.25:1.00.
On September 21, 2018, TWCC and a syndicate of lenders entered into Amendment No. 1 to the fourth amended and restated credit agreement that, among other things, extended the term of the facility from August 25, 2022 to September 21, 2023.

29



As of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, we had $100.0 million and $196.0 million in outstanding borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility, respectively, exclusive of $5.0 million of outstanding letters of credit for both fiscal 2019 and fiscal 2018. As of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, approximately $645.0 million and $549.0 million were available for future borrowing, respectively. Weighted-average borrowings for fiscal 2019 were $182.5 million compared to weighted-average borrowings for fiscal 2018 of $286.9 million. The decline in weighted-average borrowings for fiscal 2019 was primarily due to the refinancing of the new senior notes in fiscal 2019, in which a portion of the proceeds were used to refinance outstanding borrowings under the secured revolving credit facility. All outstanding borrowings under our secured revolving credit facility are classified as non-current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet because of the contractual repayment terms under the credit facility. However, these repayment terms also allow us to repay some or all of the outstanding borrowings at any time.
The interest rate margins applicable to our secured revolving credit facility as of December 28, 2019 were 1.625% for LIBOR rate loans (which may be adjusted based on a leverage-based pricing grid ranging from 1.125% to 1.875%) and 0.625% for base rate loans (which may be adjusted based on a leverage-based pricing grid ranging from 0.125% to 0.875%).
As of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, U.S. dollar borrowings outstanding under the secured revolving credit facility accrued interest at a LIBOR rate plus the applicable base rate, which resulted in a weighted-average borrowing rate of 3.42% and 4.11%, respectively. The effective interest rate for fiscal 2019 was 3.76% compared to an effective interest rate of 3.45% for fiscal 2018
As of December 28, 2019, we were in compliance with the financial and other covenants under our secured revolving credit facility.
Senior Notes
As of December 28, 2019, TWCC had $500 million principal amount of senior notes outstanding, bearing interest at a rate of 5.625% per annum, and maturing on March 15, 2027. On our consolidated balance sheet, the $500 million of outstanding senior notes as of December 28, 2019 is reported net of $5.3 million of unamortized issuance-related debt costs, and the $400 million of outstanding senior notes as of December 29, 2018 is reported net of $2.7 million of unamortized issuance-related debt costs.
The senior notes are unsecured and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Carter's, Inc. and certain domestic subsidiaries of TWCC. The guarantor subsidiaries are 100% owned directly or indirectly by Carter's, Inc. and all guarantees are joint, several and unconditional.
On and after March 15, 2022, TWCC may redeem all or part of the senior notes at the redemption prices (expressed as percentages of principal amount of the senior notes to be redeemed) set forth below, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The redemption price is applicable when the redemption occurs during the twelve-month period beginning on March 15 of each of the years indicated is as follows:
Year
 
Percentage
2022
 
102.81
%
2023
 
101.41
%
2024 and thereafter
 
100.00
%
The indenture governing the senior notes provides that upon the occurrence of specific kinds of changes of control, unless a redemption notice with respect to all the outstanding senior notes has previously or concurrently been mailed or delivered, TWCC will be required to make an offer to purchase the senior notes at 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest to (but excluding) the date of purchase.
The indenture governing the senior notes includes a number of covenants, that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, restrict TWCC's ability and the ability of certain of its subsidiaries to: (a) incur certain types of indebtedness that is secured by a lien; (b) enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions; and (c) consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of the issuer's assets to, another person, under certain circumstances. Terms of the notes contain customary affirmative covenants and provide for events of default which, if certain of them occur, would permit the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the then total outstanding senior notes to declare all amounts owning under the notes to be due and payable. Carter's, Inc. is not subject to these covenants.

30



Share Repurchases
On both February 13, 2020 and February 22, 2018, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $500 million of share repurchases, for total authorizations, inclusive of authorizations prior to 2018, up to $1.96 billion. There is no expiration date on these authorizations.
Open-market repurchases of our common stock during fiscal years 2019 and 2018 were as follows:
 
For the fiscal year ended
 
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
Number of shares repurchased
2,107,472

 
1,879,529

Aggregate cost of shares repurchased (dollars in thousands)
$
196,910

 
$
193,028

Average price per share
$
93.43

 
$
102.70

In addition to the open-market repurchases completed in fiscal years 2019 and 2018, open-market repurchases totaling $876.8 million were made in fiscal years prior to 2018. Total remaining capacity under all of the repurchase authorizations as of December 28, 2019 was approximately $195.7 million.
Future share repurchases may be made in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, with the level and timing of activity at our discretion depending on market conditions, share price, other investment priorities, and other factors.
Dividends
Our Board of Directors authorized quarterly cash dividends of $0.50 per share in each quarter of fiscal 2019, and cash dividends of $0.45 per share in each quarter of fiscal 2018. The dividends were paid during the fiscal quarter in which they were declared.
On February 13, 2020, our Board of Directors authorized a quarterly cash dividend payment of $0.60 per common share, payable on March 20, 2020 to shareholders of record at the close of business on March 6, 2020.
Future declarations of quarterly dividends and the establishment of future record and payment dates are at the discretion of our Board of Directors, and are based on a number of factors, including our future financial performance and other investment priorities.
Provisions in our secured revolving credit facility could have the effect of restricting our ability to pay future cash dividends on or make future repurchases of our common stock.

31



Commitments
The following table summarizes as of December 28, 2019, the maturity or expiration dates of mandatory contractual obligations and commitments for the following fiscal years:
(dollars in thousands)
2020
 
2021
 
2022
 
2023
 
2024
 
Thereafter
 
Total
Long-term debt
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
100,000

 
$

 
$
500,000

 
$
600,000

Interest on debt(1)
31,650

 
31,583

 
31,583

 
30,624

 
28,125

 
70,312

 
223,877

Operating leases(2)
192,986

 
175,521

 
151,436

 
125,320

 
100,923

 
195,757

 
941,943

Other
231

 
231

 
231

 
211

 

 

 
904

Total financial obligations
$
224,867

 
$
207,335

 
$
183,250

 
$
256,155

 
$
129,048

 
$
766,069

 
$
1,766,724

Letters of credit
5,018

 

 

 

 

 

 
5,018

Total financial obligations and commitments(3)(4)(5)
$
229,885

 
$
207,335

 
$
183,250

 
$
256,155

 
$
129,048

 
$
766,069

 
$
1,771,742

(1)
Reflects: i) estimated variable rate interest on obligations outstanding on our secured revolving credit facility as of December 28, 2019 using an interest rate of 3.42% and ii) a fixed interest rate of 5.625% for the senior notes.
(2)
The minimum lease obligation includes all lease and non-lease components that were included in the measurement of the lease liability.
(3)
The table above excludes our reserves for income taxes, as we are unable to reasonably predict the ultimate amount or timing of settlement.
(4)
The table above excludes purchase obligations. Our estimate as of December 28, 2019 for commitments to purchase inventory in the normal course of business, which are cancellable (with or without penalty, depending on the stage of production) and span a period of one year or less, was between $300 million and $400 million.
(5)
The table above excludes any potential future Company funding for obligations under our defined benefit retirement plans. Our estimates of such obligations as of December 28, 2019 have been determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP and are included in other current liabilities and other long-term liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet, as described in Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Note 12, Employee Benefit Plans, to the consolidated financial statements.
Off-Balance Sheet Obligations
We do not maintain off-balance sheet arrangements, transaction, obligations, or other relationships with unconsolidated entities except for those that are made in the normal course of our business and included in our commitments table presented above.
Liquidity Outlook
Based on our current outlook, we believe that cash generated from operations and available cash, together with amounts available under our secured revolving credit facility, will be adequate to meet our working capital needs and capital expenditure requirements for the foreseeable future, although no assurance can be given in this regard. Additionally, we believe that we have access to the capital markets as needed to fund additional liquidity needs which might arise.
Effects of Inflation and Deflation
We do not believe that inflation has had a significant effect on our net sales or our profitability. Substantial increases in product costs, however, could have a significant impact on our business and the industry in the future. Additionally, while deflation could positively impact our merchandise costs, it could have an adverse effect on our average unit retail price, resulting in lower sales and profitability.
Seasonality
We experience seasonal fluctuations in our sales and profitability due to the timing of certain holidays and key retail shopping periods, which generally has resulted in lower sales and gross profit in the first half of our fiscal year versus the second half of the fiscal year. Accordingly, our results of operations during the first half of the year may not be indicative of the results we expect for the full year.
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the

32



results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Our significant accounting policies are described in our accompanying consolidated financial statements. The following discussion addresses our critical accounting policies and estimates, which are those policies that require management's most difficult and subjective judgments, often as a result of the need to make estimates about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain.
Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable Allowance
At the beginning of fiscal 2018, the Company adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") No. 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, and all related amendments ("ASC 606") using the full retrospective adoption method.
Our revenues, which are reported as Net sales, consist of sales to customers, net of returns, discounts, chargebacks, and cooperative advertising. We recognize revenue when (or as) the performance obligation is satisfied. Generally, the performance obligation is satisfied when we transfer control of the goods to the customer.
Our retail store revenues, also reported as Net sales, are recognized at the point of sale. Retail sales through our on-line channels are recognized at time of delivery to the customer. We recognize retail sales returns at the time of transaction by recording adjustments to both revenue and cost of goods sold. Additionally, we maintain an asset, representing the goods we expect to receive from the customer, and a liability for estimated sales returns. There are no accounts receivable associated with our retail customers.
Our accounts receivable reserves for wholesale customers include an allowance for doubtful accounts and an allowance for chargebacks. The allowance for doubtful accounts includes estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make payments. If the financial condition of a customer were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of its ability to make payments, an additional allowance could be required. Past due balances over 90 days are reviewed individually for collectibility. Our credit and collections department reviews all other balances regularly. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when it is probable that the receivable will not be recovered. Provisions for the allowance for doubtful accounts are reflected in selling, general and administrative expenses on our consolidated statement of operations and provisions for chargebacks are reflected as a reduction in Net sales on our consolidated statement of operations.
We record cooperative advertising arrangements with certain of our major wholesale customers at fair value. Fair value is determined based upon, among other factors, comparable market analysis for similar advertisements. We have included the fair value of these arrangements of approximately $3.1 million for fiscal 2019, $3.0 million for fiscal 2018, and $3.1 million for fiscal 2017 as a component of SG&A expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations, rather than as a reduction of net sales. Amounts determined to be in excess of the fair value of these arrangements are recorded as a reduction of net sales.
Except in very limited circumstances, we do not allow our wholesale customers to return goods to us.
Inventory
Our inventories, which consist primarily of finished goods, are stated approximately at the lower of cost (first-in, first-out basis for wholesale inventory and average cost for retail inventories) or net realizable value. Obsolete, damaged, and excess inventory is carried at net realizable value by establishing reserves after assessing historical recovery rates, current market conditions, and future marketing and sales plans. Rebates, discounts and other cash consideration received from a vendor related to inventory purchases are reflected as reductions in the cost of the related inventory item, and are therefore reflected in cost of goods sold when the related inventory item is sold.
Goodwill and Tradename
The carrying values of goodwill and indefinite-lived tradename assets are subject to annual impairment reviews as of the last day of each fiscal year. Between annual assessments, impairment reviews may also be triggered by any significant events or changes in circumstances affecting our business. Factors affecting such impairment reviews include the continued market acceptance of our current products and the development of new products. We use qualitative and quantitative methods to assess for impairment, including the use of discounted cash flows ("income approach") and relevant data from guideline public companies ("market approach").

33



We perform impairment tests of goodwill at the reporting unit level. A qualitative assessment determines if it is "more likely than not" that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value. Qualitative factors may include, but are not limited to: macroeconomic conditions; industry and market considerations; cost factors that may have a negative effect on earnings; overall financial performance; and other relevant entity-specific events. If the results of a qualitative test determine that it is "more likely than not" that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then a goodwill impairment test using quantitative assessments must be performed. If it is determined that it is "not likely" that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying value, then no further testing is required.
Under a quantitative assessment for goodwill, the first step is to compare the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. We use discounted cash flow models and comparable company analysis to determine the fair value of a reporting unit. The assumptions used in these models are consistent with those we believe hypothetical marketplace participants would use. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, the second step of the impairment test must be performed in order to determine the impairment loss, if any. The second step compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit's goodwill exceeds its implied fair value, an impairment charge is recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The loss recognized cannot exceed the carrying amount of the goodwill.
A tradename is considered impaired if the estimated fair value of the tradename is less than the carrying amount. Impairment reviews for an indefinite-lived tradename can be conducted using qualitative analysis, and if necessary, by a quantitative impairment test. If a tradename is considered impaired, we recognize a loss equal to the difference between the carrying amount and the estimated fair value of the tradename. The process of estimating the fair value of a tradename incorporates the relief-from-royalty method, which requires us to make assumptions and to apply judgment, including forecasting revenue growth rates and selecting the appropriate terminal value, discount rate, and royalty rate.
A deterioration of macroeconomic conditions may not only negatively impact the estimated operating cash flows used in our cash flow models, but may also negatively impact other assumptions used in our analysis, including, but not limited to, the estimated cost of capital and/or discount rates. Additionally, we are required to ensure that assumptions used to determine fair value in our analysis are consistent with the assumptions a hypothetical marketplace participant would use. As a result, the cost of capital and/or discount rates used in our analysis may increase or decrease based on market conditions and trends, regardless of whether our actual cost of capital has changed. Therefore, we may recognize an impairment of an intangible asset or assets even though realized actual cash flows are approximately equal to or greater than our previously forecast amounts.
The Company's Skip Hop business has experienced lower than expected actual and projected sales and profitability due to lower domestic demand, including the loss of a significant customer (Toys "R" Us), lower international demand and higher product costs primarily driven by tariffs imposed on products sourced from China. As a result, the Company conducted an interim impairment assessment in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 on the value of the Company's indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset that was recorded in connection with the acquisition of Skip Hop Holdings, Inc. in February 2017. The indefinite-lived tradename asset assessment was performed in accordance with ASC 350, "Intangibles--Goodwill and Other" and was determined using a discounted cash flow analysis which examined the hypothetical cost savings that accrue as a result of our ownership of the tradename. Based on this assessment, a charge of $19.1 million, $10.5 million, and $1.2 million was recorded on our indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset in the U.S. Wholesale, International, and U.S. Retail segments, respectively, to reflect the impairment of the value ascribed to the indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset. The carrying value of the Company's indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset after the impairment charge was $26.0 million.
Due to the reduced expected impact from tariffs on Skip Hop's projected operating margins, which led to an increase in the royalty rate assumption, no further impairment to the indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset was necessary as of December 28, 2019. Although the Company determined that no impairment exists, the Company's indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset is at risk for further impairment if the Company is unable to achieve its future sales and earnings projections or if market conditions were to deteriorate.
Based upon our most recent assessment, performed as of December 28, 2019, there were no other impairments in the values of goodwill or indefinite-lived tradename assets.
Accrued Expenses
Accrued expenses for workers' compensation, incentive compensation, health insurance, 401(k), and other outstanding obligations are assessed based on actual commitments, statistical trends, and/or estimates based on projections and current expectations, and these estimates are updated periodically as additional information becomes available.

34



Loss Contingencies
We record accruals for various contingencies including legal exposures as they arise in the normal course of business. We determine whether to disclose and accrue for loss contingencies based on an assessment of whether the risk of loss is remote, reasonably possible, or probable. Our assessment is developed in consultation with our internal and external counsel and other advisers and is based on an analysis of possible outcomes under various strategies. Loss contingency assumptions involve judgments that are inherently subjective and can involve matters that are in litigation, which, by their nature are unpredictable. We believe that our assessment of the probability of loss contingencies is reasonable.
Accounting For Income Taxes
As part of the process of preparing the accompanying consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our actual current tax exposure (state, federal, and foreign). We assess our income tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to examination based upon management's evaluation of the facts, circumstances, and information available at the reporting dates. We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. If it is more likely than not that a tax position would not be sustained, then no tax benefit would be recognized. Where applicable, associated interest and penalties are also recognized.
We also assess permanent and temporary differences resulting from differing bases and treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes, such as the carrying value of intangibles, deductibility of expenses, depreciation of property, plant, and equipment, stock-based compensation expense, and valuation of inventories. Temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included within our consolidated balance sheets. We must then assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income. Actual results could differ from this assessment if sufficient taxable income is not generated in future periods. To the extent we determine the need to establish a valuation allowance or increase such allowance in a period, we must include an expense within the tax provision in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
For current and deferred tax provisions, ASC 740 requires entities to account for the effects of new income tax legislation in the same reporting period that the tax legislation is enacted. Changes to tax laws known as the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (the "2017 Tax Act") were enacted on December 22, 2017. SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, permitted the Company to calculate and recognize provisional tax estimates for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2017 related to the enactment of the 2017 Tax Act. The Company completed its assessment of the implications of the 2017 Tax Act in 2018. The adjustment to income tax expense recorded in 2018 was not material. Additional information is contained in Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Note 13, Income Taxes, to the consolidated financial statements.
Foreign Currency
The functional currency of substantially all of our foreign operations is the local currency.
Assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars using the current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, while revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rates for the period. The resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders' equity.
Transaction gains and losses, such as those resulting from the settlement of nonfunctional currency receivables and payables, including intercompany balances, are included in foreign currency gain or loss in our consolidated statements of operations. Additionally, payable and receivable balances denominated in nonfunctional currencies are marked-to-market at the end of each reporting period, and the gain or loss is recognized in our consolidated statements of operations.
As part of our overall strategy to manage the level of exposure to the risk of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, primarily between the U.S. dollar and the currencies of Canada and Mexico, we may use foreign currency forward contracts to hedge purchases that are made in U.S. dollars, primarily for inventory purchases in our Canadian and Mexican businesses. As part of a hedging strategy, we may use foreign currency forward exchange contracts that typically have maturities of less than 12 months and provide continuing coverage throughout the hedging period. These contracts have not been designated for hedge accounting treatment, and therefore changes in the fair value of these contracts were recorded in our consolidated statement of operations. Such foreign currency gains and losses include the mark-to-market fair value adjustments at the end of each reporting period related to any open contracts, as well as any realized gains and losses on contracts settled during the reporting period. Fair values for open contracts are calculated by using readily observable market inputs (market-quoted currency

35



exchange rates), classified as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy. At December 28, 2019, there were no unsettled foreign currency forward contracts.
Employee Benefit Plans
We sponsor a frozen defined benefit pension plan and other unfunded post-retirement plans. The defined benefit pension and post-retirement plans require an actuarial valuation to determine plan obligations, and related periodic costs. Plan valuations require economic assumptions, including expected rates of return on plan assets, discount rates to value plan obligations and employee demographic assumptions including mortality rates. The actuarial assumptions used may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and economic conditions. Actual results that differ from the actuarial assumptions are reflected as unrecognized gains and losses. Unrecognized gains and losses that exceed 10% of the greater of the plan's projected benefit obligations or market value of assets are amortized to earnings over the estimated service life of the remaining plan participants. 
Any future obligation under our pension plan not funded from investment returns on plan assets are expected to be funded from cash flows from operations.
The most significant assumption used to determine the Company's projected benefit obligation under its defined benefit plans is the discount rate. For further details on rates and assumptions, see Item 8 "Financial Statements and Supplementary Data" under Note 12, Employee Benefit Plans, to the consolidated financial statements.
Stock-Based Compensation Arrangements
We account for the cost resulting from stock-based compensation arrangements at grant date fair value, utilizing the Black-Scholes option pricing model, which requires the use of subjective assumptions. These assumptions include the following:
Volatility – This is a measure of the amount by which a stock price has fluctuated or is expected to fluctuate. We use actual monthly historical changes in the market value of our stock covering the expected life of stock options being valued. An increase in the expected volatility will increase the fair value of the stock option and related compensation expense.
Risk-free interest rate – This is the U.S. Treasury rate as of the grant date having a term equal to the expected term of the stock option. An increase in the risk-free interest rate will increase the fair value of the stock option and related compensation expense.
Expected term – This is the period of time over which the stock options granted are expected to remain outstanding and is based on historical experience and estimated future exercise behavior. Separate groups of employees that have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. An increase in the expected term will increase the fair value of the stock option and related compensation expense.
Dividend yield – We estimate a dividend yield based on the current dividend amount as a percentage of our current stock price. An increase in the dividend yield will decrease the fair value of the stock option and related stock-based compensation expense.
Forfeitures – We estimate forfeitures of stock-based awards based on historical experience and expected future activity.
Changes in the subjective assumptions can materially affect the estimate of fair value of stock-based compensation and consequently, the related amount recognized in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
We account for performance-based awards over the vesting term of the awards that are expected to vest based on whether it is probable that the performance criteria will be achieved. We reassess the probability of vesting at each reporting period for awards with performance criteria and adjust stock-based compensation expense based on the probability assessments.
During the requisite service period, we recognize a deferred income tax benefit for the expense recognized for U.S. GAAP. At time of subsequent vesting, exercise, forfeiture, or expiration of an award, the difference between our actual income tax deduction, if any, and the previously accrued income tax benefit is recognized in our income tax expense/benefit during the current period.

36


ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Currency and Interest Rate Risks
In the operation of our business, we have market risk exposures including those related to foreign currency risk and interest rates. These risks, and our strategies to manage our exposure to them, are discussed below.
Currency Risk
We contract for production with third parties primarily in Asia. While these contracts are stated in U.S. dollars, there can be no assurance that the cost for the future production of our products will not be affected by exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and the local currencies of these contractors. Due to the number of currencies involved, we cannot quantify the potential impact that future currency fluctuations may have on our results of operations in future periods.
The financial statements of our foreign subsidiaries that are denominated in functional currencies other than the U.S. dollar are translated into U.S. dollars using period-end exchange rates for assets and liabilities and weighted-average exchange rates for revenues and expenses. Gains and losses resulting from translating assets and liabilities from the functional currency to U.S. dollars are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).
Our foreign subsidiaries typically record sales denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, which are then translated into U.S. dollars using weighted-average exchange rates. The changes in foreign currency exchange rates in fiscal 2019, compared to fiscal 2018, negatively affected our International segment's net sales by approximately $6.1 million.
Fluctuations in exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and other currencies may affect our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows. Transactions by our foreign subsidiaries may be denominated in a currency other than the entity's functional currency. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses also include the impact of noncurrent intercompany loans with foreign subsidiaries that are marked to market. In our statement of operations, these gains and losses are recorded within other (income) expense, net.
As part of our overall strategy to manage the level of exposure to the risk of foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, primarily between the U.S. dollar and currencies of Canada and Mexico, we may use foreign currency forward contracts to hedge purchases that are made in U.S. dollars, primarily for inventory purchases for our Canadian and Mexican operations. As part of this hedging strategy, we have used foreign currency forward exchange contracts with maturities of less than 12 months to provide coverage throughout the hedging period.
Interest Rate Risk
Our operating results are subject to risk from interest rate fluctuations on our amended revolving credit facility, which carries variable interest rates. Weighted-average variable rate borrowings for the fiscal year ended December 28, 2019 were $182.5 million. An increase or decrease of 1% in the effective interest rate on that amount would have increased or decreased our annual pretax interest cost for fiscal 2019 by approximately $1.8 million.
Other Risks
We enter into various purchase order commitments with our suppliers. We can cancel these arrangements, although in some instances, we may be subject to a termination charge reflecting a percentage of work performed prior to cancellation.

37


ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA
CARTER'S, INC.
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS


 
Page
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018, and December 30, 2017
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018, and December 30, 2017
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018, and December 30, 2017
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the fiscal years ended December 28, 2019, December 29, 2018, and December 30, 2017




38




REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM


To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of Carter's, Inc.

Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Carter's, Inc. and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, and the related consolidated statements of operations, of comprehensive income, of changes in stockholders’ equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2019, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 28, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 28, 2019 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 28, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Change in Accounting Principle
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for leases in 2019.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the

39



company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Critical Audit Matter
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Indefinite-Lived Tradename Impairment Assessment for Skip Hop
As described in Notes 2 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s consolidated indefinite-lived tradename balance was $331.7 million as of December 28, 2019, which includes the Skip Hop tradename of $26.0 million. Management performs a review for potential impairment annually as of the last day of each fiscal year or whenever significant events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the assets may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount exceeds the fair value of the tradename, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount of the excess. Management conducted an interim impairment assessment in the third quarter of fiscal 2019 which indicated an impairment charge of the Skip Hop tradename of $19.1 million, $10.5 million, and $1.2 million in the U.S. Wholesale, International, and U.S. Retail segments, respectively. The carrying value of the Company's indefinite-lived Skip Hop tradename asset after the impairment charge was$26.0 million. Management determines fair value of the tradename using a discounted cash flow model that uses the relief from-royalty method. Significant assumptions in the impairment model includes estimates of revenue growth rates, terminal value, discount rate, and royalty rate.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the indefinite-lived tradename impairment assessment for Skip Hop is a critical audit matter are that there was significant judgment by management when determining the fair value of the tradename. This in turn led to a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity and effort in performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence related to evaluating management’s significant assumptions, including estimates of revenue growth rates, terminal value, discount rate, and royalty rate. In addition, the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge to assist in performing these procedures and evaluating the audit evidence obtained.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s indefinite-lived tradename impairment assessments, including controls over the relief-from-royalty valuation of the Company’s indefinite-lived tradenames. These procedures also included, among others, (i) testing management’s process for determining the fair value estimate of tradenames valued using the relief-from-royalty method, (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the relief-from-royalty method, (iii) testing the completeness, accuracy, and relevance of underlying data used in the estimate, and (iv) evaluating the significant assumptions used by management, including revenue growth rates, terminal value, discount rate, and royalty rate. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to revenue growth rates and terminal value involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the tradename, (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data, and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s relief-from-royalty method, including the discount rate and the royalty rate.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
February 24, 2020

We have served as the Company's auditor since at least 1968. We have not been able to determine the specific year we began serving as auditor of the Company.

40


CARTER'S, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(dollars in thousands, except for share data)
 
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
214,311

 
$
170,077

Accounts receivable, net
251,005

 
258,259

Finished goods inventories, net
593,987

 
574,226

Prepaid expenses and other current assets
48,454

 
40,396

Total current assets
1,107,757

 
1,042,958

Property, plant, and equipment, net
320,168

 
350,437

Operating lease assets
687,024

 

Tradenames, net
334,642

 
365,692

Goodwill
229,026

 
227,101

Customer relationships, net
41,126

 
44,511

Other assets
33,374

 
28,159

Total assets
$
2,753,117

 
$
2,058,858

 
 
 
 
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Accounts payable
$
183,641

 
$
199,076

Current operating lease liabilities
160,228

 

Other current liabilities
131,631

 
128,345

Total current liabilities
475,500

 
327,421

Long-term debt, net
594,672

 
593,264

Deferred income taxes
74,370

 
87,347

Long-term operating lease liabilities
664,372

 

Other long-term liabilities
64,073

 
181,393

Total liabilities
$
1,872,987

 
$
1,189,425

 
 
 
 
Commitments and contingencies - Note 18

 

 
 
 
 
Stockholders' equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock; par value $.01 per share; 100,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding at December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018
$

 
$

Common stock, voting; par value $.01 per share; 150,000,000 shares authorized; 43,963,103 and 45,629,014 shares issued and outstanding at December 28, 2019 and December 29, 2018, respectively
440

 
456

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(35,634
)
 
(40,839
)
Retained earnings
915,324

 
909,816

Total stockholders' equity
880,130

 
869,433

Total liabilities and stockholders' equity
$
2,753,117

 
$
2,058,858

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.



41


CARTER'S, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)

 
For the fiscal year ended
 
December 28, 2019
 
December 29, 2018
 
December 30, 2017
Net sales
$
3,519,286

 
$
3,462,269

 
$
3,400,504

Cost of goods sold
2,010,736

 
1,964,786

 
1,917,150

Gross profit
1,508,550

 
1,497,483

 
1,483,354

Royalty income, net
34,637

 
38,930

 
43,181

Selling, general, and administrative expenses
1,140,515

 
1,144,980

 
1,106,928