424B3 1 d424b3.htm FINAL PROSPECTUS Final Prospectus
Table of Contents

Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3)

Registration No. 333-105469

LOGO

 

9,551,997 Shares of Common Stock

 

This prospectus relates solely to the offer and sale by the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus of up to 9,551,997 shares of our common stock. Of these shares, 240,000 are currently issued and outstanding, 7,740,268 are issuable upon conversion of notes held by the selling stockholders and 1,571,729 are issuable upon exercise of options and warrants held by the selling stockholders. The selling stockholders are offering all of the shares to be sold in the offering, but they are not required to sell any of these shares. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of our common stock by the selling stockholders, although we will receive proceeds from the exercise of the options and warrants to the extent they are exercised. We will bear all expenses (other than selling commissions and fees and expenses of counsel or other advisors to the selling stockholders) relating to this offering.

 

We are registering these shares to satisfy registration rights of the selling stockholders.

 

The selling stockholders may sell these shares from time to time in various types of transactions, including in the principal market on which the stock is traded or listed or in privately negotiated transactions.

 

The selling stockholders may effect such transactions by selling our common stock to or through broker-dealers, and such broker-dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the selling stockholders and/or the purchasers of our common stock for whom such broker-dealers may act as agent or to whom they sell as principal, or both. The selling stockholders may be deemed to be “underwriters” as defined in the Securities Act of 1933. If any broker-dealers are used by the selling stockholders, any commissions paid to broker-dealers and, if broker-dealers purchase any shares of our common stock as principals, any profits received by such brokers-dealers on the resales of shares of our common stock, may be deemed to be underwriting discounts or commissions under the Securities Act of 1933. In addition, any profits realized by the selling stockholders may be deemed to be underwriting commissions.

 

Our common stock is traded on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board under the symbol “PNWK.” The last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on  May 28, 2003, was $1.06.

 


 

Investing in our common stock involves significant risks. See “Risk Factors” beginning on page 5 to read about factors you should consider before buying our common stock.

 

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. Neither we nor the selling stockholders have authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. The selling stockholders are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, shares of our common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common stock.

 

Prospectus dated May 29, 2003.


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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

 

You should read the following summary together with the more detailed information regarding us, the sale of our common stock in this offering, our consolidated financial statements and the notes to those consolidated financial statements that appear elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

We are an industry leader in developing products that enable the transportation and distribution of real-time, broadcast (or better) quality video over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the networks that comprise the Internet. Our products are being used by cable companies to supply video-on-demand services and by other users to transmit high-quality, real-time video to one or more locations throughout the United States or the world (which we refer to as “long-haul transmission”). Our first products were commercially introduced in early 2002. Most of our product sales into the cable television industry were through Scientific-Atlanta, Inc., as a reseller of our products. Among the customers using our products for long-haul transmission are DreamWorks LLC, a major film production studio, PanAmSat Corporation, a satellite network operator using our products to interconnect ground stations, and RTVI, a Russian television network using our products to broadcast live Russian programming using the UUNET Internet service to the United States. Cable companies currently using our products include Time Warner and Cablevision.

 

Our cable customers use our products to greatly increase the amount of video content that can be delivered to their customers on demand. Our products make this possible by using Internet Protocol, or IP, networks, which rely on technology that significantly increases the efficiency of content delivery as compared with most current delivery methods. Our products work within the existing system facilities of cable providers, allowing the capabilities of those networks to be expanded to provide enhanced services such as video-on-demand, interactive television and high definition television, without the need to incur significant capital expenditures associated with network upgrades. These enhanced services, made possible by our products, represent new revenue opportunities for cable companies and provide them with a competitive advantage over most satellite providers.

 

Our long-haul customers use our products to transmit high-quality, real-time video to one or a number of locations over existing IP networks. This ability to send video over IP networks significantly reduces the current need of long-haul providers to procure dedicated high bandwidth connections to service the specified locations. Our products not only provide a cost advantage to our customers, but also give them increased flexibility as to where and when the video is transmitted.

 

Our products use proprietary technologies that are described in the Business section of this prospectus under “Our Technology.” We believe that our products are attractive to our customers because they allow our customers to use existing infrastructures and networks to accomplish two primary results: the delivery of high-quality video over long distances at reduced cost and the efficient provision of significant video-on-demand and related interactive services to end users. We also believe that our products are attractive because they are easily upgradeable through software enhancements to support a higher level of activity without the costly and time consuming replacement of equipment in the field.

 

Company Information

 

We were incorporated in Delaware in January 1998. Our principal executive offices are located at 6215 Ferris Square, Suite 140, San Diego, California 92121. Our telephone number is (858) 450-4220. Our website is located at www.path1.com. We do not consider information contained in our website to be part of this prospectus.

 

Truecircuit (R) is a trademark of ours. This prospectus also refers to trademarks and trade names of other companies and organizations.

 

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The Offering

 

Common stock offered in this offering

9,551,997 shares

 

Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

19,189,343 shares(1).

 

Use of proceeds

All of the net proceeds from the sale of our common stock covered by this prospectus will be received by the selling stockholders who offer and sell shares of our common stock. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of our common stock offered by the selling stockholders, although we will receive proceeds from the exercise of the warrants held by the selling stockholders to the extent they are exercised.

 

OTC Bulletin Board symbol

“PNWK”


(1)   Unless the context indicates otherwise, all share and per-share information in this prospectus is based on 9,637,346 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2003. Shares of common stock to be outstanding after this offering assumes that all shares registered under this prospectus are acquired and sold by the selling stockholders. Unless the context indicates otherwise, all other share and per-share information in this prospectus assumes no exercise of options, warrants or other rights to acquire our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2003. At March 31, 2003, we had outstanding options exercisable to purchase, in the aggregate, 4,158,227 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $2.90 per share and outstanding warrants exercisable to purchase, in the aggregate, 1,169,045 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.40 per share.

 

 

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Summary Financial Information

 

In the table below, we provide you with historical selected financial data for the two years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We also provide below financial data for, and as of the end of, the first fiscal quarters of 2003 and 2002, derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period. When you read this historical selected financial data, it is important that you read along with it the historical consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

           

Three months ended


 
    

Year ended December 31,


    

March 31,

2003


    

March 31,

2002


 
    

2002


    

2001


       
           

(unaudited)

    

(unaudited)

 
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

                                   

Revenues

  

$

2,722

 

  

$

1,969

 

  

$

661

 

  

$

154

 

Gross profit

  

$

1,209

 

  

$

596

 

  

$

305

 

  

$

31

 

Operating loss

  

$

(4,228

)

  

$

(2,050

)

  

$

(1,081

)

  

$

(1,589

)

Loss from continuing operations

  

$

(5,837

)

  

$

(2,855

)

  

$

(1,226

)

  

$

(2,179

)

Discontinued operations

  

$

(317

)

  

$

(1,829

)

  

$

—  

 

  

$

(251

)

Net loss

  

$

(6,154

)

  

$

(4,684

)

  

$

(1,226

)

  

$

(2,430

)

 

The table below sets forth a summary of our consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2002, derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We also provide below financial data for, and as of the end of, the first fiscal quarter of 2003, derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

    

December 31, 2002


    

March 31,

2003


 
        
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Balance Sheet Data:

                 

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

  

$

396

 

  

$

424

 

Working capital (deficit)

  

$

(769

)

  

$

(1,388

)

Total assets

  

$

1,633

 

  

$

(1,699

)

Total stockholders’ deficit

  

$

(539

)

  

$

(1,473

)

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

 

Investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this prospectus before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

 

Risks Related to Our Business

 

We are dependent upon additional funding to meet current commitments, continue development of our business and maintain our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

Our existing capital resources are insufficient to enable us to continue operations as currently conducted. The cash crisis is very serious. Our independent auditors’ opinions express substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We need additional funding to meet current commitments and continue development of our business. We currently have the cash resources to continue our business at its current levels only for our immediate needs. If we do not receive additional funding, our ability to continue as a going concern cannot be assured.

 

Our limited sales history makes it difficult to evaluate our prospects.

 

We were founded in January 1998 and have only been selling our products commercially since early 2002, which makes an evaluation of our prospects difficult. Because of our limited sales history, we have limited insight into trends that may emerge and affect our business. In addition, the revenues and income potential of our business and market are unproven. We may not be able to gain customer acceptance of any of our products due to our lack of an established track record, our financial condition, competition, price or a variety of other factors. If our products are not accepted by potential customers, or if these customers do not purchase our products at the levels we anticipate, our operating results may be materially adversely affected. An investor in our securities must consider the challenges, expenses and difficulties we face as our sales and marketing efforts mature.

 

We may be unable to raise additional capital in the future when needed, which could prevent us from growing.

 

We must raise additional capital to fund our operations and planned growth. We cannot be certain that any such financing will be available on acceptable terms, or at all, and our failure to raise capital when needed could seriously harm our business. In addition, additional equity financing may dilute our stockholders’ interests, and debt financing, if available, may involve restrictive covenants and could result in a substantial portion of our operating cash flow being dedicated to the payment of principal and interest on debt. If adequate funds are not available, we may need to curtail our operations significantly.

 

We have incurred losses since inception and will likely not be profitable for the next several quarters.

 

We have incurred operating losses since our inception in January 1998, and we expect to incur losses and negative cash flow for at least the next several quarters. As of March 31, 2003, our accumulated deficit was approximately $31.9 million. We expect to continue to incur significant operating, sales, marketing, research and development and general and administrative expenses and, as a result, we will need to generate a significant increase in revenues to achieve profitability. Even if we do achieve profitability, we cannot assure you that we can sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.

 

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We face competition from established and developing companies, many of which have significantly greater resources than we do, and we expect such competition to grow.

 

The markets for our products, future products and services are intensely competitive. We face direct and indirect competition from a number of established companies, including Scientific-Atlanta, as well as development stage companies, and we anticipate that we will face increased competition in the future. Many of our competitors have greater resources, better name recognition, more established reputations within the industry and stronger manufacturing, distribution, sales and customer service capabilities than we do.

 

The technologies that our competitors and we offer are expensive to design, develop, manufacture and distribute. Competitive technologies may be owned and distributed by established companies that possess substantially greater financial, technical and other resources than we do and, as a result, such companies may be able to develop their products more rapidly and market their products more extensively than we can.

 

We cannot assure you that our competitors are not developing technologies comparable or superior to those on which our current products are based or that we are developing. If our competitors develop products that offer significant price or performance advantages as compared to our current and proposed products, or if we are unable to improve our technology or develop or acquire more competitive technology, our business could be adversely affected. In addition, competitors with greater financial and other resources than we have may be able to use such resources to gain wide acceptance of products inferior to ours.

 

Our customer base is concentrated and the loss of one or more of our key customers would harm our business.

 

Historically, a majority of our sales have been to relatively few customers, including Scientific-Atlanta. We expect that sales to relatively few customers will continue to account for a significant percentage of our net sales for the foreseeable future. Almost all of our sales are made on a purchase order basis, and none of our customers have entered into a long-term agreement requiring them to purchase our products. The loss of, or any reduction in orders from, a significant customer would harm our business.

 

Our critical relationship with Scientific-Atlanta and its status as both a customer and a competitor may jeopardize our success.

 

Historic Sales. In 2002, approximately 66% of our revenues were from sales to Scientific-Atlanta and its subsidiary, BarcoNet N.V. Additionally, in May 2003, we signed a worldwide original equipment manufacturer agreement with Scientific-Atlanta, under which we will private label and sell to Scientific-Atlanta our Chameleon vidX products, and under which Scientific-Atlanta will act as a reseller of our Cx 1000 product. Should our level of business with Scientific-Atlanta diminish, our results could be negatively impacted.

 

Competitive Proprietary Technology. We are aware that Scientific-Atlanta has developed a product line that is competitive with our products in certain applications. We believe that the current Scientific-Atlanta product offers less flexibility than do our products and therefore is not competitive in all applications. Nonetheless, Scientific-Atlanta’s development, marketing and sale of its internally developed products may compete directly with our development, marketing and sales efforts. Since Scientific-Atlanta has greater financial and other resources than we do, Scientific-Atlanta may be able to develop its products more rapidly and market its products more extensively than we can. Because of Scientific-Atlanta’s name recognition, industry-reputation and for other reasons, Scientific-Atlanta’s products could become the standard for delivery of real-time, broadcast-quality video, in which case the sale of our products could materially suffer. Products may be superior to ours in terms of price or performance, or inferior to ours but backed by superior marketing and support capabilities. As a result, we may not be able to compete successfully with Scientific-Atlanta and our ability to gain market share for our products could be adversely affected.

 

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Our relationship with Scientific-Atlanta, as both a significant customer and a significant competitor, may have adverse consequences to our business. While general risks are associated with any competitor and any customer, the conflicting interests of Scientific-Atlanta, as a result of being both, magnifies these risks with respect to Scientific-Atlanta as both a customer and competitor. Scientific-Atlanta may decide to pursue its proprietary products and discontinue its relationship with us, as both a reseller and an outside manufacturer. Loss of sales to Scientific-Atlanta and its distribution network to communication service providers could adversely affect our business.

 

Our quarterly financial results are likely to fluctuate significantly.

 

Our quarterly operating results have historically fluctuated significantly from period to period. Because we are a relatively new company introducing a new technology, our revenues can be materially affected by the decisions, including timing decisions, of a relatively small number of our customers. In addition, expenses may exceed our estimates or be incurred in the expectation of sales that do not occur or that occur later than expected. General economic conditions or conditions in the industries in which our customers compete, technological innovations and the adoption of technical standards can also be expected to affect our operating results. As a result, we may experience significant, unanticipated quarterly losses and significant fluctuation in results of operations from quarter to quarter.

 

The success of our business is dependent on establishing and expanding sales and distribution channels for our products.

 

Third-Party Collaborations. We intend to partner with the leading suppliers to communication service providers, including Scientific-Atlanta, to promote and distribute our products. Our business strategy requires that we establish definitive long-term agreements with such partners. We have had limited success to date establishing such partnerships and we may not be able to enter into such agreements on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. If we enter into any such agreements, any revenues we receive thereunder will depend upon the efforts of our partners, which in most instances will not be within our control. If we are unable to provide adequate incentive to a partner to market our products, our business could be adversely affected.

 

Internal Sales Force. We intend to expand our direct sales force for the promotion of each of our Cx1000, Cx1410 and Chameleon product lines to partner and other channel distributors. Competition for quality sales and marketing personnel is intense. In addition, new employees, particularly new sales and marketing employees, will require training and education about our products and will increase our operating expenses. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in attracting or retaining qualified sales and marketing personnel. As a result, we cannot assure you that the sales force we are able to build will be of a sufficient size or quality to effectively market our products.

 

The rate of market adoption of our technology is uncertain and we could experience long and unpredictable sales cycles, especially if the slowdown in the telecommunications industry persists.

 

Our products are based on new technology and, as a result, it is extremely difficult to predict the timing and rate of market adoption of our products, as well the rate of market adoption of applications enhanced by our products, such as video-on-demand. Accordingly, we have limited visibility into when we might realize substantial revenue from product sales. We are providing new and highly technical products and services to enable new applications. Thus, the duration of our sales efforts with prospective customers in all market segments is likely to be lengthy as we seek to educate them on the uses and benefits of our products. This sales cycle could be lengthened further by potential delays related to product implementation as well as delays relating to our customers’ businesses, including:

 

    the length or total dollar amount of our prospective customers’ planned purchasing programs affecting our products;

 

    changes in prospective customers’ capital equipment budgets or purchasing priorities;

 

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    prospective customers’ internal acceptance reviews; and

 

    the complexity of prospective customers’ technical needs.

 

These uncertainties, combined with any continuation of the worldwide slowdown in the telecommunications business, which began in 2001, and the slowdown in corporate spending on technology generally as well as new technologies such as ours, substantially complicate our planning and reduce prospects for sales of our products. If our prospective customers curtail or eliminate their purchasing programs, decrease their budgets or reduce their purchasing priority, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

We will depend on cable, broadcasting and satellite industry spending for a substantial portion of our revenue, and any decrease or delay in spending in these industries could negatively impact our resources, operating results and financial condition.

 

Demand for our products will depend on the magnitude and timing of spending by cable television operators, broadcasters, satellite operators and telephone companies for adopting new products for installation with their networks.

 

These spending patterns are dependent on a variety of factors, including:

 

    access to financing;

 

    annual budget cycles;

 

    the status of federal, local and foreign government regulation of telecommunications and television broadcasting;

 

    overall demand for communication services and the acceptance of new video, voice and data services;

 

    evolving industry standards and network architectures;

 

    competitive pressures;

 

    discretionary customer spending patterns; and

 

    general economic conditions.

 

Recent developments in capital markets have reduced access to funding for potential and existing customers causing delays in the timing and scale of deployments of our equipment, as well as the postponement of certain projects by our customers. The timing of deployment of our equipment can be subject to a number of other risks, including the availability of skilled engineering and technical personnel, the availability of other equipment such as fiber optic cable, and the need for local zoning and licensing approvals.

 

We need to develop and introduce new and enhanced products in a timely manner to remain competitive.

 

Broadband communications markets are characterized by continuing technological advancement, changes in customer requirements and evolving industry standards. To compete successfully, we must design, develop, manufacture and sell new or enhanced products that provide increasingly higher levels of performance and reliability. However, we may not be able to successfully develop or introduce these products if our products:

 

    are not cost effective;

 

    are not brought to market in a timely manner;

 

    are not in accordance with evolving industry standards and architectures; or

 

    fail to achieve market acceptance.

 

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In order to successfully develop and market certain of our planned products for digital applications, we may be required to enter into technology development or licensing agreements with third parties. We cannot assure you that we will be able to enter into any necessary technology development or licensing agreement on terms acceptable to us, or at all. The failure to enter into technology development or licensing agreements when necessary could limit our ability to develop and market new products and, accordingly, could materially and adversely affect our business and operating results.

 

Changes in the versions of our products purchased by our customers could negatively impact our sales and margins.

 

Our products are manufactured in several versions, ranging from base models to models that have significant additional features and capabilities. The more features a product version possesses, the higher our sales margins are on that product. If the bulk of our product sales consists of base models, our revenues and margins will be adversely affected, which could seriously impact our business and results of operations.

 

Delivery of real-time, high-quality video via IP networks is a new market and subject to evolving standards.

 

Delivery of real-time, high-quality video over IP networks is novel and evolving and it is possible that communication service providers or their suppliers will adopt alternative architectures and technologies for delivering real-time, high-quality video over IP networks that are not compatible with our current or future products. If we are unable to design, develop, manufacture and sell products that incorporate or are compatible with these new architectures or technologies, our business could suffer.

 

We may be unable to obtain full patent protection for our core technology and there is a risk of infringement.

 

We have three existing patents and have submitted additional patent applications relating to various aspects of our technology. We cannot assure you that these or other patents will be issued to us, that any patents that are issued will be broad enough to prevent significant competition or that third parties will not infringe upon or design around such patents to develop competing products. In addition to seeking patent protection for our products, we intend to rely upon a combination of trade secret, copyright and trademark laws and contractual provisions to protect our proprietary rights in our products. We cannot assure you that these protections will be adequate or that competitors have not or will not independently develop technologies that are substantially equivalent or superior to ours.

 

There has been a trend toward litigation regarding patent and other intellectual property rights in the telecommunications industry. Although there are currently no lawsuits pending against us regarding possible infringement claims, we cannot assure you that such claims will not be asserted in the future or that such assertions will not materially adversely affect our business, financial conditions and results of operations. Any such suit, whether or not it has merit, would be costly to us in terms of employee time and defense costs and could materially adversely affect our business.

 

If an infringement or misappropriation claim is successfully asserted against us, we may need to obtain a license from the claimant to use the intellectual property rights. We cannot assure you that such a license will be available on reasonable terms if at all.

 

We rely on several key suppliers of components, sub-assemblies and modules that we use to manufacture our products, and we are subject to manufacturing and product supply chain risks.

 

We purchase components, sub-assemblies and modules from a limited number of vendors and suppliers that we use to manufacture and test our products. Our reliance on these vendors and suppliers involves several risks

 

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including, but not limited to, the inability to purchase or obtain delivery of adequate supplies of such components, sub-assemblies or modules, increases in the prices of such items, quality, and overall reliability of our vendors and suppliers. Although in many cases we use standard parts and components for our products, certain components are presently available only from a single source or limited sources. Some of the materials used to produce our products are purchased from foreign suppliers. We do not generally maintain long-term agreements with any of our vendors or suppliers. Thus we may be unable to procure necessary components, sub-assemblies or modules in time to manufacture and ship our products, thereby harming our business.

 

We also recently signed an agreement with Arrow Electronics, a leading parts vendor, to provide turn-key outsourced manufacturing services. To reduce manufacturing lead times and to ensure adequate component supply, we may instruct Arrow to procure inventory based on criteria and forecasts as defined by us. If we fail to anticipate customer demand properly, an oversupply of parts, obsolete components or finished goods could result, thereby adversely affecting our gross margins and results of operations.

 

Our products are currently manufactured exclusively by Arrow pursuant to an agreement that is terminable by either party upon 30 days’ notice. In the event this agreement is terminated or Arrow otherwise fails to perform its obligations, we could experience product delays that could negatively impact our business and revenues.

 

Unanticipated delays or problems associated with our products and improvements may cause customer dissatisfaction or deprive us of our “first to market” advantage.

 

Delays in developing and releasing products and improvements are not uncommon in the telecommunications industry. If our customers experience problems with our products, delays of more than a few months in releasing improvements could result in decreased demand for a particular product and adverse publicity, which could further reduce demand for particular products or our products generally.

 

Product quality problems may negatively affect our revenues and results of operations.

 

We produce highly complex products that incorporate leading edge technology including both hardware, software and embedded firmware. Our software and other technology may contain “bugs” that can prevent our products from performing as intended. We cannot assure you that our pre-shipment testing programs will be adequate to detect all defects either in individual products or which could affect numerous shipments that, in turn, could create customer dissatisfaction, reduce sales opportunities, or affect gross margins if the cost of remedying the problems exceed our reserves established for this purpose. Our inability to cure a product defect may result in the failure of a product line, serious damage to our reputation, and increased engineering and product re-engineering costs that individually or collectively would have a material adverse impact on our revenues and operating results.

 

Our common stock has been relatively thinly traded and we cannot predict the extent to which a trading market will develop.

 

Our common stock has been traded on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board since June 19, 2000. Our common stock is thinly traded compared to larger, more widely known companies. Thinly traded common stock can be more volatile than common stock trading in an active public market. We cannot predict the extent to which an active public market for the common stock will develop or be sustained after this offering.

 

We may not be able to hire and assimilate key employees.

 

Our future success will depend, in part, on our ability to attract and retain highly skilled employees, including management, technical and sales personnel. Despite the recent economic slowdown, significant competition exists for employees in our industry and in our geographic region. We may be unable to identify and attract highly qualified employees in the future. In addition, we may not be able to successfully assimilate these

 

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employees or hire qualified personnel to replace them. The loss of services of any of our key personnel, the inability to attract or retain key personnel in the future, or delays in hiring required personnel, particularly engineering and sales personnel, could make it difficult to meet key objectives such as timely and effective product introductions.

 

Any acquisitions we make could disrupt our business and harm our financial condition.

 

We may attempt to acquire businesses or technologies that we believe are a strategic fit with our business. We currently have no commitments or agreements for any material acquisition and no material acquisition is currently being pursued. We believe that any future acquisition may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures and may absorb significant management attention that would otherwise be available for ongoing development of our business. Since we will not be able to accurately predict these difficulties and expenditures, it is possible that these costs may outweigh the value we realize from a future acquisition. Future acquisitions could result in issuances of equity securities that would reduce our stockholders’ ownership interest, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities or amortization of expenses related to goodwill or other intangible assets and the incurrence of large, immediate write-offs.

 

We are dependent on our key employees for our future success.

 

Our success depends on the efforts and abilities of our senior management and certain other key personnel. If any of these key employees leaves or is seriously injured and unable to work and we are unable to find a qualified replacement, then our business and results of operations could be materially harmed.

 

We are subject to local, state and federal regulation.

 

Legislation affecting us (or the markets in which we compete) could adversely impact our ability to implement our business plan on a going-forward basis. The telecommunications industry is heavily regulated and these regulations are subject to frequent change. Future changes in local, state, federal or foreign regulations and legislation pertaining to the telecommunications field may adversely affect prospective purchasers of telecommunications equipment, which in turn would adversely affect our business.

 

Risks Related to Investment in Our Securities

 

The market price of our common stock could be volatile and your investment could suffer a decline in value.

 

The market price for our common stock is likely to be volatile and could be susceptible to wide price fluctuations due to a number of internal and external factors, many of which are beyond our control, including:

 

    quarterly variations in operating results and overall financial condition;

 

    economic and political developments affecting technology spending generally and adoption of new technologies and products such as ours;

 

    customer demand or acceptance of our products and solutions;

 

    short-selling programs;

 

    changes in IT spending patterns and the rate of consumer acceptance of video-on-demand;

 

    product sales progress, both positive and negative;

 

    the stock market’s perception of the telecommunications equipment industry as a whole;

 

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    technological innovations by others;

 

    cost or availability of components, sub-assemblies and modules used in our products;

 

    the introduction of new products or changes in product pricing policies by us or our competitors;

 

    proprietary rights disputes or litigation;

 

    changes in earnings estimates by analysts;

 

    additions or departures of key personnel; and

 

    sales of substantial numbers of shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable for our common stock.

 

These and other factors may make it difficult for our stockholders to sell their shares into the open market if and when eligible to do so. In addition, stock prices for many technology companies, especially early-stage companies such as ourselves, fluctuate widely for reasons that may be unrelated to operating results. These fluctuations, as well as general economic, market and political conditions such as interest rate increases, recessions or military or political conflicts, may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock, thereby causing you to lose some or all of your investment.

 

There is a large number of shares that may be sold in the market as a result of this offering which may cause the price of our common stock to decline.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public markets, or the perception that these sales may occur, could cause the market price of our stock to decline and could materially impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities.

 

As of March 31, 2003, 9,637,346 shares of our common stock were outstanding. We are registering pursuant to this prospectus 9,551,997 shares of our common stock that are either outstanding, issuable upon conversion of outstanding convertible promissory notes or exercisable upon exercise of outstanding options and warrants held by the selling stockholders. These shares, upon acquisition, unless held by “affiliates,” will be freely tradeable without restriction or further registration under federal securities laws immediately following this offering.

 

Our executive officers, directors and 5% stockholders will be able to exercise substantial control over all matters requiring stockholder approval.

 

As of March 31, 2003, a small number of our executive officers, directors and 5% stockholders beneficially own a significant majority of our outstanding common stock. As a result, these stockholders (or subgroups of them) retain substantial control over matters requiring approval by our stockholders, such as the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions.

 

We do not intend to pay cash dividends.

 

We have never paid cash dividends on our stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future.

 

We will not receive any proceeds from this offering and, as a result, our book value may decline as a result of this and other resale offerings.

 

This prospectus is for the resale from time to time of shares of our common stock held by the selling stockholders. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares by the selling stockholders. Pursuant to contractual requirements, we are paying all the expenses of registration for this resale offering. Accordingly, following effectiveness of this prospectus and the registration of future shares for resale, the book value of our common stock may be lower than it was previously.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

 

This prospectus may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act. When used in this prospectus, the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “will,” “intend” and “expect” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in any forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that these plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. Forward-looking statements in this prospectus include, but are not limited to, those relating to the commercialization of our products, the progress of our product development programs and our ability to enter into profitable collaborations. Actual results, performance or achievements could differ materially from those contemplated, expressed or implied, by the forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our forward-looking statements are set forth in this prospectus, including under the heading “Risk Factors.” These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific factors that may affect us. It should be recognized that other factors, including general economic factors and business strategies, may be significant, presently or in the future, and the factors set forth in this prospectus may affect us to a greater extent than indicated. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements set forth in this prospectus. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

USE OF PROCEEDS

 

The selling stockholders will receive all of the net proceeds from the sale of our common stock offered by this prospectus. Accordingly, we will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock. We will, however, receive proceeds from the exercise of options and warrants to purchase 1,571,729 shares held by the selling stockholders to the extent they exercised. We will use the proceeds from the exercise of these options and warrants, if any, for general corporate purposes.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

 

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of December 31, 2002, derived from our audited consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this prospectus, and as of March 31, 2003, derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

    

December 31,

2002


    

March 31,

2003


 
           

(unaudited)

 
    

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

Notes payable

  

$

1,024

 

  

$

1,857

 

    


  


Stockholders’ deficit:

                 

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding

                 

Common stock, $0.001 par value; 40,000,000 shares authorized; 9,501,346 and 9,637,346 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2002, and March 31, 2003, respectively

  

$

10

 

  

$

10

 

Common stock to be issued

  

 

12

 

  

 

12

 

Additional paid-in capital

  

 

30,126

 

  

 

30,393

 

Deferred compensation

  

 

(50

)

  

 

(25

)

Accumulated deficit

  

 

(30,637

)

  

 

(31,863

)

    


  


Total stockholders’ deficit

  

 

(539

)

  

 

(1,473

)

    


  


Total capitalization

  

$

485

 

  

$

384

 

    


  


 

 

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MARKET FOR COMMON STOCK AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

 

Our common stock has been quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board under the symbol “PNWK” since June 19, 2000. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low bid prices per share as quoted on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board:

 

    

High


  

Low


2001

             

First Quarter

  

$

10.72

  

$

5.69

Second Quarter

  

$

9.65

  

$

5.05

Third Quarter

  

$

5.95

  

$

3.20

Fourth Quarter

  

$

7.90

  

$

3.80

2002

             

First Quarter

  

$

5.80

  

$

3.10

Second Quarter

  

$

3.00

  

$

1.25

Third Quarter

  

$

2.10

  

$

1.04

Fourth Quarter

  

$

1.17

  

$

0.86

2003

             

First Quarter

  

$

1.52

  

$

0.77

 

The above quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not represent actual transactions.

 

As of March 31, 2003, there were 239 stockholders of record of our common stock.

 

DIVIDEND POLICY

 

Since our incorporation, we have never declared or paid any dividends on our capital stock. We currently expect to retain our future earnings, if any, for use in the operation and expansion of our business and do not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. There are no current restrictions that limit our ability to pay dividends on our capital stock.

 

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SELLING STOCKHOLDERS

 

The following table provides information regarding the beneficial ownership of the outstanding shares of our common stock by the selling stockholders both before this offering and as adjusted to reflect the sale of all of the shares offered under this prospectus. The table assumes the issuance of all shares of our common stock being registered hereunder upon conversion of outstanding convertible notes and the exercise of outstanding warrants and options held by the selling stockholders. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on 9,637,346 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2003. The selling stockholders may offer the shares for sale from time to time in whole or in part. Except where otherwise noted, the selling stockholders named in the following table have, to our knowledge, sole voting and investment power with respect to the shares beneficially owned by them.

 

    

Beneficial

Ownership Before Offering


      

Number of Shares Being Registered(1)


      

Beneficial Ownership After Offering(2)


    

Number of Shares


      

Percent


           

Palisades Master Fund L.P.(3)

  

472,230

(3)

    

4.9

%(4)

    

2,993,847

(5)

    

*

Crescent International Ltd.

  

472,230

(6)

    

4.9

%(7)

    

2,566,154

(8)

    

*

HPC Capital Management

  

37,538

 

    

*

 

    

77,538

(9)

    

*

Laurus Master Fund

  

472,230

(10)

    

4.9

%(11)

    

2,260,442

(12)

    

*

Del Mar Consulting Group

  

310,000

 

    

3.1

%(11)

    

310,000

(13)

    

*

NV Administratiekantoor opgericht door Bankierskantoor M. van Embden NV

  

217,257

(14)

    

2.2

%

    

217,257

 

    

*

Amstgeld Global Custody BV

  

271,375

(15)

    

2.7

%

    

271,375

 

    

*

Alpha Capital AG

  

213,847

(16)

    

2.2

%

    

427,692

(17)

    

*

Barucha Ltd.

  

213,847

(16)

    

2.2

%

    

427,692

(17)

    

*

                      

      

Total

                    

9,551,997

 

      
                      

      

 *   Less than 1%.
  (1)   Represents the number of shares we are required to register pursuant to registration rights of the selling stockholders.
  (2)   Assumes all of the shares being offered under this prospectus will be sold by the selling stockholders.
  (3)   Consists of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants. The selling stockholder has contractually agreed to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such that the number of shares of our common stock held by it and its affiliates does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon not less than 61 days’ notice to us. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would be 1,496,923.
  (4)   The selling stockholder has contractually agreed to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such that the number of shares of our common stock held by it and its affiliates does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon not less than 61 days’ notice to us. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would equal 13.4% of our outstanding shares of common stock before this offering.
  (5)   Our agreement with respect to registration of these shares requires that we register a number of shares of common stock equal to 200% of the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and the exercise of warrants without regard to certain restrictions on conversion or exercise. As a result, we are registering more shares than this stockholder beneficially owns.
  (6)  

Consists of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants. The selling stockholder has contractually agreed to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such that the number of shares of our common stock held by it

 

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Table of Contents
 

and its affiliates does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon not less than 61 days’ notice to us. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would be 1,283,077.

  (7)   The selling stockholder has contractually agrred to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such as the number of shares of our common stock held by it and its affiliates does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon not less than 61 days’ notice to us. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would equal 11.7% of our outstanding shares of common stock before this offering.
  (8)   Our agreement with respect to registration of these shares requires that we register a number of shares of common stock equal to 200% of the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and the exercise of warrants without regard to certain restrictions on conversion or exercise. As a result, we are registering more shares than this stockholder beneficially owns.
  (9)   Consists of 17,538 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of a promissory note and 20,000 shares issuable upon exercise of warrants. HPC Capital Management is affiliated with Palisades Master Fund L.P.
(10)   Consists of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants. The selling stockholder has contractually agreed to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such that the number of shares of our common stock held by it does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares, of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon 75 days’ prior notice to us and in certain other circumstances. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would be 1,438,982.
(11)   The selling stockholder has contractually agreed to restrict its ability to convert notes or exercise warrants such that the number of shares of our common stock held by it does not exceed 4.9% of our outstanding shares of common stock. This restriction may be waived by the selling stockholder at its election upon 75 days’ prior notice to us and in certain other circumstances. If the selling stockholder waived this restriction, the number of shares of our common stock beneficially owned by it before this offering would equal 13.0% of our outstanding shares of common stock before this offering.
(12)   Our agreement with respect to registration of these shares requires that we register a number of shares of common stock equal to 200% of the number of shares of common stock that could be acquired upon conversion of the note on the date of filing a registration statement without regard to certain restrictions on conversion or exercise.
(13)   Includes 70,000 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of currently exercisable options.
(14)   Consists of 178,182 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of a convertible note and 39,075 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of a warrant.
(15)   Consists of 222,567 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of a convertible note and 48,808 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(16)   Consists of 175,385 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of a convertible note and 38,462 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants.
(17)   Our agreement with respect to registration of these shares requires that we register a number of shares of common stock equal to 200% of the number of shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of convertible notes and the exercise of warrants. As a result, we are registering more shares than this stockholder beneficially owns.

 

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Table of Contents

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

The selling stockholders and any of their pledgees, assignees and successors-in-interest may, from time to time, sell any or all of their shares of common stock on any stock exchange, market or trading facility on which the shares are traded or in private transactions. These sales may be at fixed or negotiated prices. The selling stockholders may use any one or more of the following methods when selling shares:

 

    ordinary brokerage transactions and transactions in which the broker-dealer solicits purchasers;

 

    block trades in which the broker-dealer will attempt to sell the shares as agent but may position and resell a portion of the block as principal to facilitate the transaction;

 

    purchases by a broker-dealer as principal and resale by the broker-dealer for its account;

 

    an exchange distribution in accordance with the rules of the applicable exchange;

 

    privately negotiated transactions;

 

    settlement of short sales;

 

    broker-dealers may agree with the selling stockholders to sell a specified number of such shares at a stipulated price per share;

 

    a combination of any such methods of sale; and

 

    any other method permitted pursuant to applicable law.

 

The selling stockholders may also sell shares under Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, if available, rather than under this prospectus. Broker-dealers engaged by the selling stockholders may arrange for other broker-dealers to participate in sales. Broker-dealers may receive commissions or discounts from the selling stockholders (or, if any broker-dealer acts as agent for the purchaser of shares, from the purchaser) in amounts to be negotiated. The selling stockholders do not expect these commissions and discounts to exceed what is customary in the types of transactions involved.

 

The selling stockholders may from time to time pledge or grant a security interest in some or all of our common stock registered pursuant to this prospectus and, if they default in the performance of their secured obligations, the pledgees or secured parties may offer and sell shares of our common stock from time to time under this prospectus, or under an amendment to this prospectus under Rule 424(b)(3) or other applicable provision of the Securities Act of 1933 amending the list of selling stockholders to include the pledgees, transferees or other successors in interest as selling stockholders under this prospectus.

 

The selling stockholders also may transfer shares of our common stock in other circumstances, in which case the transferees, pledgees or other successors in interest will be the selling beneficial owners for purposes of this prospectus.

 

The selling stockholders and any broker-dealers or agents that are involved in selling the shares may be deemed to be “underwriters” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 in connection with such sales. In such event, any commissions received by such broker-dealers or agents and any profit on the resale of the shares purchased by them may be deemed to be underwriting commissions or discounts under the Securities Act of 1933. The selling stockholders have informed the Company that none of them have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute our common stock.

 

We will pay all fees and expenses incident to the registration of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus (other than selling commissions and fees and expenses of counsel or other advisors to the selling stockholders). We have agreed to indemnify the selling stockholders against certain losses, claims, damages and liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

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Table of Contents

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

 

In the table below, we provide you with historical selected consolidated financial data for the two years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. We also provide below financial data for, and as of the end of, the first fiscal quarter of 2003, derived from our unaudited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period or for a full year. When you read this historical selected financial data, it is important that you read along with it the historical financial statements and related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

(in thousands, except per share data)

 

    

Year ended December 31,


      

Three Months ended March 31, 2003


 
    

2002


    

2001


      
                    

(unaudited)

 

Statement of Operations Data:

                            

Revenues

  

$

2,722

 

  

$

1,969

 

    

$

661

 

Gross profit

  

$

1,209

 

  

$

596

 

    

$

305

 

Operating loss

  

$

(4,228

)

  

$

(2,050

)

    

$

(1,081

)

Loss from continuing operations

  

$

(5,837

)

  

$

(2,855

)

    

$

(1,226

)

Discontinued operations

  

$

(317

)

  

$

(1,829

)

    

$

—  

 

Net loss

  

$

(6,154

)

  

$

(4,684

)

    

$

(1,226

)

 

      

December 31, 2002


      

March 31, 2003


 
               

(unaudited)

 

Balance Sheet Data:

                     

Cash, cash equivalents and marketable securities

    

$

396

 

    

$

424

 

Working capital (deficit)

    

$

(769

)

    

$

(1,388

)

Total assets

    

$

1,633

 

    

$

1,699

 

Total stockholders’ deficit

    

$

(539

)

    

$

(1,473

)

 

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Table of Contents

 

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND

ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

You should read the following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with the financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion may contain forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, such as those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Overview

 

Since our inception on January 30, 1998, we have financed our operations primarily through the sale of common equity securities to investors and strategic partners, as well as from the issuance of convertible notes and warrants. From January 30, 1998 through March 31, 2003, we incurred losses totaling $31.9 million. We are continuing to experience substantial losses from operations and expect to continue to incur losses from operations over the next several quarters. We do not believe that our existing capital resources will enable us to fund operations for the next twelve months. At March 31, 2003, we had negative working capital of $1,338,000, and cash and cash equivalents totaled $424,000. Our existing capital resources are insufficient to enable us to continue operations as currently conducted. THE CASH CRISIS IS VERY SERIOUS. Our independent auditors’ opinions express substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern. Accordingly, we are dependent on additional capital infusions to continue to execute our business plan. If adequate capital resources are not available to us, we will be forced to curtail operations and will therefore be required to modify our business plan to contemplate reduced levels of activity.

 

From our inception through 2000, we were engaged in the development of our initial products and technologies. During this period, we recorded no revenue from operations. In 2001, we sold our first products and also earned operating revenue from contract services attributable to a single development project. In 2002, product sales increased significantly relative to the prior year but remained insufficient to cover operating expense. Revenue from contract services declined substantially in 2002, and we recorded a small amount of licensing revenue.

 

Operating expenses, net of stock compensation and a litigation settlement, declined 23% in 2002 as compared to 2001. This decline was attributable primarily to decreased costs associated with product development due to completion of our initial products as well our focus on overall cost-cutting measures. In the first quarter ended March 31, 2003, operating expenses (net of stock compensation expenses) were $ 1,293,000, representing a decline of nearly 8.5% from $1,412,000 reported in the same quarter of the prior year, as we continued to focus on managing and reducing operating expenses. Total operating expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2003, were $1,318,000 versus $1,512,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2002.

 

Our net loss during the two year period was also materially affected by interest expense of $1.0 million in 2002, loss on sale of securities of $0.7 million in 2001 and $0.6 million in 2002, and a loss from a discontinued operations, $1.8 million of which was recorded in 2001, and $316,948 was recorded in the first half of 2002.

 

We anticipate that revenue from product sales will increase in 2003. To support this growth in sales, we expect that our operating expenses, will also grow substantially. Because we will be required to incur many of these operating expenses in advance of any sales increases, if the anticipated sales increases do not occur or are significantly delayed, we will experience increasing losses and erosion of our capital base. Increases in sales are not assured and are subject to numerous risks, many of which are described under “Risk Factors” in this prospectus.

 

As a part of our attempt to pursue the development of our initial products with limited capitalization, we have relied, to the extent possible, on non-cash compensation arrangements with both employees and non-

 

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employee contractors, including the issuance of options to purchase Class B common stock. As more fully described in the Notes to our financial statements, such instruments are subject to variable accounting treatment and must be valued on a quarterly basis. The existence of these options, combined with extreme volatility in our stock value, have combined to produce a substantial expense in 2000 (when the value of our stock increased) partially offset by a substantial benefit (negative expense) in 2001 (when the value of our stock declined). In order to limit the effect of this volatility on future periods, we have exchanged the options to purchase Class B common stock for new options for what is now referred to as our common stock. As a result of this exchange, we expect that the effect of option valuations on our results of operations will be less significant in future periods.

 

Results of Operations

 

For the Quarters Ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002

 

For the quarter ended March 31, 2003, net revenue was $661,000 compared to $154,000 during the three-month period ended March 31, 2002, reflecting a 329% increase. Revenue in the quarter ended March 31, 2003 came principally from sales of our products for the video over IP transport market, as well as from contract services. In the quarter ended March 31, 2002 revenue was generated from contract services.

 

Cost of goods sold increased to $356,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 2003, from $123,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 2002. Cost of goods sold for products consists primarily of raw material costs, warranty costs and labor associated with manufacturing our products. Cost of goods sold for contract services consists primarily of engineering payroll costs.

 

Our gross profit increased over 800% to $305,000 from $31,000 in the quarters ended March 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Our increase in gross profit results primarily from the change in our business to selling products, as well as our managing our production and development costs.

 

Engineering research and development expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 decreased 33% to $362,000 from $517,000 in the quarter ended March 31, 2002. The decrease is due primarily to reduced cost of R&D personnel, and reduced expenditures on to acquire development expertise and tools for our new products.

 

Selling, marketing, and general and administrative expenses for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 increased 4% to $931,000 from $895,000 for the quarter ended March 31, 2002. The increase is primarily due to increased sales and marketing expenses for payroll, trade shows and travel.

 

Stock-based compensation expense is a non-cash expense item that is recognized as a result of stock options having exercise prices below estimated fair value. Stock-based compensation expense is calculated as the difference between exercise prices and estimated fair market value on the date of grant. We record compensation expense related to the outstanding options to consultants and some employees for the amount of options that vest in that period. In the first quarter ended March 31, 2003, we recorded a $25,000 non-cash charge for stock-based compensation related to employees. Stock-based compensation related to consultants has been included in operating expense. For the same three-month period in 2002, the Company recognized expense of $100,000 related to the amortization of stock based compensation for employees and consultants.

 

Interest expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 was $144,000. We reported no interest income or expense in the quarter ended March 31, 2002. The increase in interest expense predominantly consists of the amortization of deferred interest and debt discount related to our convertible note borrowings in 2002.

 

We neither held nor sold portfolio securities in the quarter ended March 31, 2003. In the quarter ended March 31, 2002, we recorded a loss on sale of securities totaling $590,000, reflecting our sale of securities that we held in various companies, especially Leitch Technology Corporation.

 

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Table of Contents

 

For the Years Ended December 31, 2002 and 2001

 

Revenue.    Total 2002 revenues were $2.7 million, representing an increase of approximately 38% over 2001 revenues of $1.97 million. Revenues in 2002 consisted principally of product sales, with lesser contributions from contract service revenue and license fees. In 2001, 74% of our revenues were from engineering services, the bulk of which came from a single development contract that has since been discontinued.

 

Cost of Revenues.    Cost of revenues was $1.5 million in 2002, representing an increase of 10% over cost of revenues in 2001 of $1.37 million. In 2002, our cost of product sales was $1.48 million (61% of product sales), and our cost of engineering services was $33,000 (28% of contract service revenue). No material expense was associated with licensing revenue. In 2001, our cost of product sales was $156,000 (30% of product sales), and our cost of engineering services was $1.2 million (84% of engineering service revenue). Our cost of revenues increased at a rate slower than our revenues reflecting improved margins in contract service revenue, a greater volume of product sales resulting from our transition to selling our video gateway products and licensing revenue without associated expense.

 

Research and Development.    Our research and development expenses decreased approximately 17% to $1.5 million in 2002 from $1.78 million in 2001. The decrease in our research and development expenses is primarily due to a decrease in payroll costs and prototype material expenses as we transitioned to a products company from an engineering development stage company. The decline in our R&D expenses also resulted from our efforts in 2002 to reduce our operating costs.

 

Sales and Marketing.    Our sales and marketing expenses increased nearly 69% to $639,000 in 2002 from $378,000 in 2001. The increase in sales and marketing expenses reflects our transition to a products sales based company, including costs incurred for marketing and sales campaigns and materials, trade shows and establishing product channels and reseller arrangements.

 

General and Administrative.    Our general and administrative expenses decreased nearly 35% to $2.6 million in 2002 from $3.99 million in 2001. This decline is principally a result of our cost reduction programs implemented in 2002 that included headcount reductions and lower overall spending for general and administrative functions.

 

Stock-based Compensation.    Stock-based compensation expense is a non-cash item that is recognized in association with stock options having exercise prices below estimated fair value and/or which overlie junior common stock. Stock-based compensation expense is calculated as the difference between exercise prices and estimated fair market value of the underlying stock on the date of grant or subsequent measurement date. If the options are subject to variable accounting treatment, then each quarter additional compensation expense, either positive or negative, is recognized based on the fair market value of our common stock in accordance with the provisions of variable stock option accounting. In 2002, we recorded a non-cash compensation charge of $253,000 related to stock options, compared to a non-cash stock compensation benefit of approximately $3.1 million in 2001. Stock-based compensation expense may continue to fluctuate, in material amounts, as the fair market value of our common stock increases or decreases. In October 2001, we issued 2,636,148 Class A Common Stock options in exchange for all 2,636,148 of the outstanding Class B Common Stock options (this Class A Common Stock was subsequently reclassified as “common stock” and the Class B Common Stock was eliminated in February 2002). As options for the Class B Common Stock had been subject to variable accounting treatment because Class B Common Stock was junior common stock, the effect of this option exchange was to provide a final measurement date for employee options and fix previously expensed consultant options. The net effect was to minimize the future effect of variable accounting treatment on our stock options.

 

Depreciation and Amortization.    Depreciation and amortization expenses increased 82% to $461,000 from $253,000 in 2001, primarily as a result of amortization of capitalized loan fees in connection with our financings in 2002.

 

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Interest Income/(Expense).    Interest expense totaled $1 million in 2002, compared to $93,000 of interest income in 2001. The increase in interest expense resulted primarily from the amortization of deferred interest and debt discount related to our European note and convertible note borrowings in 2002.

 

Restructuring Charge.    In 2001, we recorded restructuring charges totaling $221,000, primarily due to severance costs related to a workforce reduction and subsidy costs related to subletting certain excess office space. We implemented the restructuring plan as a result of the completion of a development project funded by BarcoNet, now a subsidiary of Scientific-Atlanta. The workforce reduction in 2001 resulted in the involuntary termination of six employees. The total charge recognized by us for the involuntary termination was approximately $93,000.

 

Loss on Sale of Securities.    We recorded a loss on sale of securities totaling $590,000 in 2002, compared to a loss of $677,000 in 2001, reflecting our sale of securities that we held in various companies, especially Leitch Technology Corporation. We no longer hold any portfolio securities.

 

Discontinued Operations.    We decided to dispose of our Silicon Systems business unit (“Sistolic”) after a large semiconductor company, with whom we entered into a non-exclusive licensing agreement and an engineering services agreement related to Sistolic’s technology, informed us that it was terminating their agreements in March 2002. Due to this material and adverse turn of events, we decided that we could no longer sustain the negative cash flow from Sistolic. On April 3, 2002, we disposed of the assets of this business unit back to Metar SRL and its President (“Executive”) in exchange for the elimination of our remaining obligations to Metar SRL and its affiliates, including the payable of $686,000, the return of all stock options granted to the Executive and the Romanian employees, and a confirmation that performance criteria specified in the Executive’s employment agreement with us related to a potential $4 million bonus were never met by him. We also received a limited use license to the business unit’s intellectual property. In addition, the Romanian facility lease was transferred to Metar SRL and the Romanian employment contracts were terminated. Metar SRL was permitted to hire any and all Romanian employees. Metar SRL also received 35,000 shares of our common stock. The Executive resigned on March 27, 2002, as an officer of the Company in anticipation of this transaction.

 

Sistolic’s results of operations for 2002 and 2001 have been included in discontinued operations. We recorded a loss of $317,000 from discontinued operations for 2002. Our loss from discontinued operations for 2001 was $1,829,000.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Since our inception on January 30, 1998, we have financed our operations primarily through the sale of common equity securities to investors and strategic partners, as well as from the issuance of convertible notes.

 

From January 30, 1998 through March 31, 2003, we incurred losses totaling $31.9 million. The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern. This basis of accounting contemplates the recovery of our assets and the satisfaction of our liabilities in the normal course of conducting business. Based on our financial condition at December 31, 2002, our auditors have qualified their opinion with respect to our ability to continue as a going concern. At December 31, 2002, we had negative working capital of $769,000, and a decrease of $785,000 in cash and cash equivalents compared to December 31, 2001. At March 31, 2003, our negative working capital was $1,388,000, and our cash and cash equivalents totaled $424,000.

 

In 2002, we received approximately $1.0 million from a private placement of convertible notes (the “Euro notes”) with European investors who were existing Path 1 stockholders. The Euro notes carry a 4% annual coupon, paid quarterly in cash or stock, at our discretion, and are convertible for a one-year conversion term at a price of $1.20 per share. In addition, upon conversion, the note holder will be issued warrants equal to the number of shares to be issued.

 

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Because the Euro notes’ conversion price was below the trading market price of stock on the day the Euro notes were issued, this resulted in an embedded, beneficial conversion element. As a result, we recorded a debt discount of $301,000 and this will be accreted over the life of the debt or sooner in the event of conversion. As of March 31, 2003, holders of approximately 76% of aggregate outstanding principal of the Euro notes had converted their notes into common stock. Upon conversion of these notes, we expensed warrants to purchase 674,654 shares of common stock at $1.60 per share for $293,000 in 2002. The warrants are fully vested and expire in June 2007. In 2002, we recorded non-cash interest expense of $573,000 relating to amortization of debt discount and issuance of common stock warrants related to the Euro notes.

 

Also during 2002, we issued two convertible notes to Laurus Master Fund (“Laurus”). In May 2002, we issued Laurus a 12%, 15-month convertible note in the principal amount of $1.25 million. The note is convertible at a price of $1.40 per share. The Company secured a three-month deferral of principal and interest under the note. In connection with the issuance of the 12% convertible note in May 2002, we issued to Laurus warrants to purchase 125,000 shares of common stock at $1.68 per share. The warrants are fully vested and expire on May 2009.

 

On November 7, 2002, we issued Laurus a 12% convertible note in the principal amount of $300,000. The note is convertible at a price of $0.85 per share and is payable on a monthly basis over 18 months. In connection with the issuance of the 12% convertible note in November 2002, the Company issued warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock at $0.85 per share.

 

Because the Laurus notes’ conversion prices were below the trading market prices of the Company’s stock on the dates of issue, this resulted in an embedded, beneficial conversion element. We recorded a debt discount of $779,000 that will be accreted over the life of the debt or sooner in the event of conversion. In 2002, we recorded non-cash interest expense of $421,000 relating to the accretion of debt discount and conversions related to the Laurus notes. The price at which these Laurus notes convert into our stock generally varies monthly in proportion to the price of our stock at the time of conversion, and is based generally on a trailing market price.

 

As part of the November 7, 2002 convertible note transaction, we also adjusted the conversion price of the May 2002 convertible note and the 125,000 warrants (which had been purchased by the same investor) to $0.85 per share. The term of the May 2002 note was extended to May 7, 2004. The reprice resulted in a non-cash charge of $130,000 in the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2002 related to debt conversion expense. We will incur additional non-cash debt conversion expense in the future upon the conversion of both notes.

 

On February 14, 2003, we entered into a $1 million revolving line of credit with Laurus Master Fund (“Laurus”). This revolving line of credit (the “line”) is secured by our account receivables and other assets, and we have the ability to draw down advances under the line subject to various advance limits. Under the terms of the line, we have has the ability to convert advances made into our common stock at a fixed conversion price of $1.13 per share. In connection with the line, we issued to Laurus a warrant to purchase 75,000 shares of our common stock at $1.13 per share.

 

On March 28, 2003, we signed a securities purchase agreement under which we raised $1.5 million through the issuance of 7% convertible notes with a fixed conversion price of $0.65 per share. Closings of this Financing occurred in March, April and May 2003. In connection with notes issued under this Agreement, we also issued warrants to purchase up to 576,923 shares of our common stock at $1.00 per share. Pursuant to this Agreement, on March 28, 2003, we issued in favor of Palisades Master Fund L.P. (“Palisades”) a note in the amount of $500,000, together with a warrant to purchase up to 192,308 shares of our common stock. Because the conversion price of this note was below the market price of our stock on the date the note was issued, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We recorded a non-cash debt discount of $53,000 related to this note in our quarter ended March 31, 2003.

 

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For the foreseeable future, we expect to incur substantial additional expenditures associated with cost of sales and with research and development, in addition to increased costs associated with staffing for management, manufacturing, sales and marketing and administration functions. Additional capital is required to implement our business strategies and fund our plan for future growth and business development. We are continuing to seek other sources of additional capital to fund operations until we are able to fund operations through internal cash flow.

 

As noted above, we will need additional financing in 2003. We may pursue a number of alternatives to raise additional funds, including: borrowings; lease arrangements; collaborative research and development arrangements with technology companies; the licensing of product rights to third parties; or additional public and private equity financing. There can be no assurance that funds from these sources will be available on favorable terms, if at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced or significantly diluted, or such equity securities may provide for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock.

 

Our existing capital resources are insufficient to enable us to continue operations as currently conducted. The cash crisis is very serious. Our independent auditors’ opinion expresses substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern.

 

Cash used in operations was $877,000 at March 31, 2003, compared to $1,180,000 for the same period in 2002. The decrease in cash used in operations for the quarter ended March 31, 2003, compared to the same period in the prior year was due primarily to a lower net loss and a decrease in inventory. Cash used in operations was $4.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to $7.2 million for the same period in 2001, despite a much larger net loss from continuing operations in 2002 versus 2001. The decrease in cash used in operations for the year ended December 31, 2002 compared to the prior year was primarily due to lower engineering and general and administrative expenses

 

Cash used in investing activities as of March 31, 2003, was $5,000, compared cash provided of $488,000 as of March 31, 2002. Cash provided by investing activities for the quarter ended March 31, 2002 was primarily the result of our sale of marketable securities in early 2002. Cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2002, was $414,000, compared to cash provided of $1.4 million as of December 31, 2001. Cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2002 was primarily the result of our sale of marketable securities in early 2002.

 

Cash provided by financing activities for the quarter ended March 31, 2003 was $910,000, compared to cash provided of $136,000 at March 31, 2002. This change was primarily due to the issuance of convertible notes. Cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2002 was $3.2 million, compared to cash provided of $236,000 at December 31, 2001. This change was primarily due to Euro note financing and convertible note financings with Laurus in 2002.

 

At March 31, 2003, we had no material commitments other than our operating leases. Our future capital requirements will depend upon many factors, including the timing of research and product development efforts, the possible need to acquire new technology, the expansion of our sales and marketing efforts, and our expansion internationally. We expect to continue to expend significant amounts in all areas of our operations.

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to customer revenues, bad debts, inventories, intangible assets, income taxes, restructuring costs and contingencies and litigation. We

 

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base our estimates and judgments on our experience and on various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

We believe the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Product Revenue:

 

Revenue from product sales is recognized when title and risk of loss transfer to the customer, generally at the time the product is delivered to the customer. Revenue is deferred when customer acceptance is uncertain or when undelivered products or services are essential to the functionality of delivered products. The estimated cost of warranties is accrued at the time revenue is recognized.

 

Contract Service Revenue:

 

Revenue from support or maintenance contracts, including extended warranty programs, is recognized ratably over the contractual period. Amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized on support or maintenance contracts are recorded as deferred revenue until the revenue recognition criteria are met. Revenue on engineering design contracts, including technology development agreements, is recognized on a percentage-of-completion method, based on costs incurred to date compared to total estimated costs, subject to acceptance criteria. Billings on uncompleted contracts in excess of incurred costs and accrued profits are classified as deferred revenue.

 

License Revenue:

 

Revenues from license fees are recognized when persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, delivery and acceptance have occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

 

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts, Returns and Discounts:

 

We establish allowances for doubtful accounts, returns and discounts based on credit profiles of our customers, current economic trends, contractual terms and conditions and historical payment, return and discount experience, as well as for known or expected events.

 

Warranty Reserves:

 

We provide a limited warranty for our products. A provision for the estimated warranty cost is recorded at the time revenue is recognized. Liabilities for the estimated future costs of repair or replacement are established and charged to cost of sales at the time the related revenue is recognized. The amount of liability to be recorded is based on management’s best estimates of future warranty costs after considering historical and projected product failure rates and product repair costs.

 

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BUSINESS

 

Overview

 

We are an industry leader in developing products that enable the transportation and distribution of real-time, high-quality video over Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the networks that comprise the Internet. Our products are currently used in two different segments of the video market. Cable companies use our products to supply video-on-demand services. Our products are also used by a variety of providers to transmit high-quality, real-time video to one or more locations throughout the United States or the world (which we refer to as “long-haul transmission”). Since our products transmit video content using IP communication networks, our customers can use existing infrastructure, thus lowering their costs and permitting them greater flexibility in the delivery of video content. Our customers include cable, broadcast and satellite companies, movie studios, carriers and government and educational institutions. Collectively, we refer to these customers as communication service providers, or simply as providers.

 

Industry Background

 

Current delivery of real-time, high-quality video

 

Current technologies for transmitting real-time, high-quality video over long distances require establishment and full dedication of a circuit for the duration of a transmission, regardless of whether the circuit is being used by the end-user. The concept is similar to a traditional telephone network: a call is placed and a circuit between two (or multiple) points is established and thereafter remains open for the duration of the call (regardless of whether anyone is speaking).

 

In the case of long-haul transmission, establishing a communication circuit capable of transmitting high-quality video requires considerable set-up, and such circuits cannot be established on short notice or quickly changed. As a result, traditional technologies for long-haul video transport typically require procuring expensive, dedicated bandwidth that remains open at all times regardless of usage and is often priced on a monthly or longer basis.

 

Cable and satellite companies typically deliver programming to viewers using proprietary transmission networks. Traditional technologies underlying these networks generally require that all available packages of programs transmitted on a given network be broadcast to every subscriber on that network. As a result, limited bandwidth remains available for provision of interactive video services, such as video-on-demand, whereby a viewer receives only that video content which a viewer has requested. Because of the technologies underlying most cable and satellite networks, interactive services such as video-on-demand currently are available only on a limited basis and in select cable markets. Satellite companies are generally unable to deliver services that require two-way communications.

 

In order to increase the amount of real-time programming available to viewers on demand, a more efficient delivery method must be used to bring that programming to a point at which it can be accessed by the viewer. IP networks are inherently well-suited for this.

 

The rise of IP networks

 

The advent of IP networks has resulted in a dramatic increase in the transmission and exchange of data, information and ideas. IP networks chop data into small packets that are addressed to and received by designated addresses. These packets can be transmitted over networks independent of one another. By dividing and reassembling data using switches and directing the data from source to destination using routers, IP networks minimize wasted bandwidth by using bandwidth in quick bursts and only when needed. In addition, IP networks were designed to overcome failure of any particular portion of the network. If a particular pathway on the network fails, alternate routes to the same destination are available. However, because each packet travels independent of the others and possibly by a different pathway, certain packets can be delayed or delivered out of order relative to others, or may not ever arrive at the intended destination.

 

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The impact of late or missing packets on a transmission depends in large part on the kind of data being transmitted. In the case of written text, for instance, delay in the arrival of packets will likely not be noticed by the recipient. For this reason, email is an ideal form of communication for IP networks.

 

For high volume transmissions that must be delivered continuously, such as real-time, high-quality video, even a few milliseconds of delay may be noticeable by the viewer. The majority of video consumers have become accustomed to high-quality delivery and we believe new service offerings must provide quality at least as good as that to which the target viewing audience has become accustomed. Thus, IP networks have not been well-suited for delivery of real-time, high-quality video. While it is currently possible to view video clips (such as movie trailers) over the Internet, the inability of traditional equipment to use IP networks to deliver real-time, broadcast-quality video requires that the clips first be downloaded, and then played. This download-and-play approach has limited application because, for instance, a 2.5-hour movie may take 6 hours to download over a T1 or DSL line.

 

In order to permit the separate transmission and reassembly of data packets over IP networks, each packet carries an “address” which identifies it as a part of a particular transmission sent to a particular destination. Because IP data packets are addressable, IP networks can be used by cable providers to send data to a specific address in a network, in contrast to traditional delivery systems that broadcast video content to all subscribers on the network. This characteristic enables the efficient use of limited bandwidth by permitting the transmission to a particular destination of only that data required at that destination.

 

The Path 1 Solution

 

Our products perform three primary functions. First, at a point near the source of the video, they process and prepare multiple video feeds for delivery over an IP network. Our products convert the video feeds into an IP format for delivery over IP networks. Second, at the receiving end, our products combine video streams arriving over the IP network into single streams for delivery to the end-viewer. This may include the conversion of the IP signal back into its original format or into some other format. Third, and perhaps most important, when preparing video feeds for delivery over an IP network, our products condition the video data to avoid impairments or disruptions that would otherwise deteriorate the quality of the video signal. The benefits to providers who use our products include the following:

 

    Feasibility—IP offers wider bandwidths than are currently available on alternate video transmission methods (such as satellite and DS-3);

 

    Efficiency—by using bandwidth only when needed, a greater amount of content can be passed over a provider’s network;

 

    Content on demand—no longer compelled to broadcasting content uniformly to all end-users, providers can send specific content to only those requesting it, further reducing bandwidth constraints (both into the home and within the network);

 

    Decreased capital costs—the ability to use the extensive installed base of IP networks and the equipment used to support it gives video providers the ability to upgrade service offerings without a massive increase in capital cost;

 

    Decreased operations costs—IP networks, designed to be fault-tolerant and self-correcting, can reduce the need for redundant back-up networks and significantly reduce maintenance and support costs; and

 

    Customization and flexibility—the software architecture underpinning our products allows providers to increase the volume of video traffic being delivered by the remote activation of additional ports or features within our products, rather than incurring costs associated with new equipment installation.

 

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We believe our technology can be used for a wide variety of purposes by communication service providers. Specific services and applications our technology can enable include the following:

 

Cable Companies

 

Our Chameleon vidX product line designed for cable companies allows them to use existing digital set-top boxes already in consumer homes to provide video-on-demand services, a significant competitive advantage over most satellite providers. The more efficient use of existing bandwidth within the network allows cable companies to increase the volume of content (whether movies, television or live events) available for delivery whenever requested by the cable subscriber, or to increase the number of subscribers served with existing content volume. We believe that the desire for video-on-demand—indeed, all content-on-demand—will continue to rise as consumers become increasingly aware of its availability and benefits and as IP networks enabled by our products provide access to significant amounts of interactive programming previously unavailable. Cable companies currently using our products include companies such as Time Warner and Cablevision.

 

Additionally, our products provide cable companies with flexibility to deliver high definition television, which could potentially overwhelm the bandwidth capacity of current delivery technologies. High definition television requires at least five times the bandwidth currently required for standard television transmissions. Using our products, providers can avoid incurring significant capital expenditures to increase the capacity of existing infrastructure, and can avoid significant recurring costs to maintain and support the expanded networks resulting from high definition television and increased numbers of channels. Should these providers use existing methods of transmission, they might eventually be forced to decrease programming or other services to conserve bandwidth.

 

Broadcasters and News Organizations

 

Broadcasters and news organizations need to move high quality video over long distances. Typically, they use satellite links or procure dedicated bandwidth on fiber lines, both of which are very expensive and usually require multi-year contracts. Our products allow the same video to be moved over existing IP networks at significantly reduced cost.

 

Currently, broadcasters use our Cx1000 product to deliver broadcast video in key US and European cities. Wiltel/Vyvx has moved video operations centers into networking facilities to merge IP video, voice and data services that use our Cx1000 product for video.

 

Satellite Providers

 

Satellite providers broadcast signals to earth from satellites 22,000 miles above sea level. Because of the coverage area from that altitude, satellite broadcasts are capable of reaching vast areas. Uplinking content to the satellite for subsequent broadcast back to Earth, however, must be done at earth stations located in areas with characteristics favorable for uplinking. Currently, many satellite providers collect content at these uplink earth stations. As a result, information often “hops” from its source to and from the earth via interim earth stations and satellites until it reaches the satellite positioned to deliver the content to the end-user. Satellites have a maximum 15-year useful life, requiring satellite providers to periodically revisit the very high cost of launching and maintaining a satellite in orbit.

 

Our Cx1000 product line allows satellite providers to gather content at uplink earth stations without the need to hop the content through interim satellites, reducing the strain on, and cost of, satellite networks and their maintenance. In addition to the cost savings, collecting information at uplink earth stations via IP networks, as opposed to satellite hops, increases the speed by which information moves from source to consumer. Use of our products enables satellite providers to avoid the delay associated with “live” satellite feeds. Each satellite hop introduces a half-second delay whereas transportation over fiber may have less than a quarter-second delay. PanAmSat uses our Cx1000 on the Level (3) Communications backbone to interconnect earth stations for video routing with the least delay.

 

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Movie Studios and Government Agencies

 

Certain industries require delivery of exceptionally high resolution, real-time video. Military and other government units require a unique level of sound and picture quality upon which they can make critical, high-consequence decisions. Movie studios demand similar standards upon which to make artistic or editorial decisions regarding their multi-million dollar productions.

 

To attain the level of resolution required by studios and for government applications, data must be delivered uncompressed. Compression, a common means for transporting high-resolution data, is designed to eliminate what would typically be redundant or unnecessary information, or to allow data to fit on satellites’ limited bandwidth. Because of the high level of detail required by these industries, what is generally acceptable TV-quality degradation becomes unacceptable. The opposing requirements of exceptionally high resolution and high bit-rate make most delivery methods (such as satellite) unusable. Our Cx1000 enables the delivery of exceptionally high resolution, high bit-rate, and real-time video. Our products are currently being used by DreamWorks LLC for domestic and international creative collaborations using high-definition video cameras. Additionally, C-Span uses our products to televise real-time, interactive classrooms between Washington, D.C. and the University of Denver.

 

Our Technology

 

We employ a proprietary network-processor-based architecture. Most existing product designs are based largely on hardware or less flexible chipsets, which require hands-on manipulation in the field to correct errors or provide upgrades. We use a mixed architecture that relies on a network processor for more complex tasks and hardware for more basic functions. This approach speeds product development times and reduces both development and production costs when compared to designs that are based largely on hardware.

 

Our network-processor-based architecture also allows us to offer feature upgrades to our customers without requiring return of equipment. For example, a customer may begin with a 4 port software-enabled version of our Chameleon products. The same hardware platform supports from one to eight inputs and outputs in IP networks with feature sets licensed by the customer. Over time the customer can choose to software-enable additional input ports, increase video stream counts or rates, or add output port capability—all without returning the installed equipment. Alternatively, our products can be licensed to transport only standard definition TV or both standard definition and high definition TV over IP networks.

 

Our products are also capable of assuming a larger role in the delivery of real-time, high-quality video. The process by which video is transmitted to the end viewer or user is complex and involves numerous networks, systems and components. The flexible architecture of our products allow them to easily perform functions such as file caching and serving, whereby files can be temporarily stored in our products for quick delivery to the consumer or user without the need to access large video servers. Today, separate large and expensive video servers are necessary to provide video-on-demand services to a discreet number of homes. By implementing caching and serving capabilities, our products can move some of the necessary functions of video delivery to the periphery of networks, thus reducing the strain on core portions of networks, and reducing the need for numerous expensive video servers.

 

Our products easily integrate into existing networks enabling real-time, high-quality video service in IP access networks.

 

Product Development

 

Our product development efforts are continuous and based on customer requirements for increased performance, flexibility and functionality. To increase performance, we will move to next generation network processor designs developed by Intel as needed to provide increased throughput and processing capabilities. To

 

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increase flexibility, we will bring to market new products that provide scaleable solutions that can be deployed under initial conditions of throughput and other critical parameters, yet grow as requirements change due to increases in demand or number of subscribers. To increase functionality, we will evaluate logical additions to our products that will better fit customers’ evolving needs. For example, our Chameleon product line has already been upgraded from a pure multiplexer/demultiplexer family of products delivering video-on-demand to one that also delivers regular broadcast channels over IP networks.

 

Our Strategy

 

We believe that our technology and our products can be used in many different applications by communication services providers. Our strategy is to aggressively pursue (within our financial and other means) resources that introduce our products into the market. We intend to pursue strategic relationships with major equipment providers and content providers, as well as building a direct sales and marketing staff within the company. For example, in May 2003 we signed a worldwide original equipment manufacturer agreement with Scientific-Atlanta, under which we will private label and sell to Scientific-Atlanta our Chameleon vidX products, and under which Scientific-Atlanta will act as a reseller of our Cx1000 product. Under this agreement, Scientific-Atlanta will purchase products from us on an as-needed basis.

 

We are a small, cohesive company and able to react quickly to changes in market conditions. Our flexibility has in the past enabled us to successfully redirect our efforts as circumstance required.

 

Although substantially all our sales to date have come from within the United States, we believe opportunities exist internationally as well. In particular, we believe that the delivery of video over digital subscriber lines (DSL) represents an emerging market for our products, particularly in Europe and Asia where there exists an infrastructure of twisted copper wire. Limited amounts of coaxial cable and fiber exist in these areas. We believe the cost of installing cable and fiber will be significant and, as a result, there will be a continuing reliance on DSL. We recently developed a version of our Chameleon vidX product that we believe will provide new options for the delivery of video-on-demand over DSL.

 

Competition

 

We face competition in each of the target markets for our products, services and products in development.  A number of established and development-stage companies in these markets offer similar or alternative technological solutions for convergence of real-time data, such as audio and video, over IP networks as well  as real-time, high-quality transmission of video over IP networks. We anticipate that we will face increased competition in the future as competitors enhance their product offerings and new competitors emerge. For example, our largest customer, Scientific-Atlanta, has a product that competes with our Chameleon vidX product line. Scientific-Atlanta has significantly greater resources and industry clout and, therefore, could threaten the viability of our business. Scientific-Atlanta has been our largest customer, and any reduction in the level of business that we do with it could have an adverse material impact on our business.

 

Many of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and marketing resources, larger customer bases, longer operating histories, greater name recognition and more established relationships in the industry than we do. As a result, certain of these competitors may be able to develop products that directly compete with ours and may be able to succeed with inferior product offerings. These competitors may also  be able to adapt to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements more readily, take advantage of acquisition and other opportunities more effectively, devote greater resources to the marketing and sale of their products and adopt more aggressive pricing policies than we can. In addition, these competitors have entered and will likely continue to enter into joint ventures or consortiums to provide additional value-added services competitive with those provided by us.

 

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Intellectual Property

 

We rely on a combination of trademark, copyright and trade secret laws in the United States and other jurisdictions as well as confidentiality procedures and agreements to protect our proprietary technology and brands. We also rely on patent protection.

 

We have trademarked the name TrueCircuit(R), which identifies technology used in certain of our products. We expect also to trademark other technology and product names, as we deem it appropriate. We rely on trade secrets to protect certain areas of our technology, including the areas of fast context switching in embedded operating systems, real-time embedded architectures, signal processing techniques for artifact-free signals, and low-latency software drivers. In addition, we rely on three issued patents covering aspects of our technology and have filed applications for several additional patents. We believe that factors such as the creativity and technological skills of our personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, reliable customer service and product maintenance are more important than intellectual property rights to establishing and maintaining a technology leadership position.

 

Our policy is to enter into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with all employees and consultants, and nondisclosure agreements with all other parties to whom we disclose confidential information. These protections, however, may not be adequate to protect our intellectual property rights.

 

Manufacturing

 

We outsource all manufacturing of our products to Arrow Electronics under an agreement we have with them. This agreement is terminable upon thirty days notice of either party.

 

Marketing

 

We rely primarily on our distribution partners to sell our products. We also maintain a small direct sales force. We are exploring a wide variety of potential markets and opportunities in an effort to educate potential customers and the public of the benefits of our products.

 

Employees

 

As of April 30, 2003, we had 26 employees, all of them in the United States, of whom 12 were in research and development, 7 were in marketing and sales, 5 were in finance and administration and 2 were in operations. Our employees are not represented by any collective bargaining unit. We have never experienced a work stoppage.

 

Properties

 

We lease approximately 15,000 square feet of office space within one facility in San Diego, California. These offices are used for research and development, prototype production, sales and marketing and administration. We believe our current U.S. facilities are adequate to meet our near-term space requirements.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

There are no material legal proceedings pending against us.

 

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MANAGEMENT

 

Executive Officers and Directors

 

Set forth below are the name, age, position and a brief account of the business experience of each of our executive officers and directors as of March 31, 2003.

 

Name


  

Age


  

Position


Frederick A. Cary

  

53

  

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

David A. Carnevale

  

55

  

Vice President, Marketing

Dr. Ronald D. Fellman

  

48

  

Chief Technology Officer

Dr. Yendo Hu

  

40

  

Vice President, Engineering

John Zavoli

  

43

  

Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and Secretary

Patrick Bohana

  

59

  

Vice President, Sales and General Manager

James A. Bixby

  

56

  

Director

Robert B. Clasen

  

58

  

Director

Dr. Moshe Nazarathy

  

51

  

Director

Robert L. Packer

  

42

  

Director

 

Frederick A. Cary serves as the Chairman of our Board of Directors, a position he assumed in March 2002, and as our President and Chief Executive Officer, positions he assumed in September 2001. From February 2001 through July 2001, Mr. Cary was Chief Executive Officer of 3rd Pipe Communications, Inc., a provider of fixed wireless broadband connections. Mr. Cary was the Chief Executive Officer of Azur, Inc., a developer of mobile information software, from July 2000 to December 2000. Prior to that, Mr. Cary was Chief Executive Officer of Boxlot, Inc., an enterprise software company, from January 1998 to July 2000. Mr. Cary holds a J.D. from Thomas Jefferson Law School.

 

David A. Carnevale joined Path 1 in November 2001 as Executive Vice President of Marketing and Sales, and has served as Vice President of Marketing since February 2003. From February 2000 to November 2001, Mr. Carnevale served as Vice President of Marketing for MicroVault, Inc., an Internet security company, as well as Azur, Inc., a developer of mobile information software. Mr. Carnevale was Senior Vice President of Marketing at Mitsubishi Electronics America from September 1998 to February 2000. He was also Director of Marketing for the Telecom Network Solutions Division of Compaq Computer Corporation (acquired by Hewlett Packard Co.) from February 1998 to September 1998. Mr. Carnevale holds an M.B.A. from Stanford University and a B.S. from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute.

 

Dr. Ronald D. Fellman serves as our Chief Technology Officer, a position he assumed in April 2000, and has been a member of our Board of Directors since our inception in January 1998. A co-founder of Path 1, Dr. Fellman served as our President from January 1998 until April 2000 and as Chief Executive Officer from January 1999 until April 2000. Dr. Fellman received his B.S. (Summa Cum Laude), M.S., and Ph.D. degrees from the University of California, Berkeley.

 

Yendo Hu joined Path 1 in September 1999 and is currently Executive Vice President of Video Technologies. Prior to joining Path 1, Dr. Hu was the Director of Systems Engineering at Tiernan Communications Inc., a provider of digital television compression and transmission products, from February 1996 to August 1999. Dr. Hu received his Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees in Electrical Engineering from Cornell University, and his Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from the University of California, San Diego.

 

John Zavoli joined the Company in October 2002 and currently serves as Chief Financial Officer, General Counsel and Secretary. Prior to joining Path 1, Mr. Zavoli served as Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel

 

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for WayNet, Inc., a video service provider, from November 2001 until September 2002, and as Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel for Valiant Networks, a telecommunications services company from March 2001 until October 2001. He was previously with PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP from June 1997 until May 2000, most recently as a partner. Mr. Zavoli served as Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel with Nhancement Technologies, a provider of Internet and computer telephony services, from May 2000 to February 2001. Mr. Zavoli received his B.S. in Accounting from the University of Illinois, his J.D. from The John Marshall Law School, and his LL.M. from Boston University School of Law.

 

Patrick Bohana joined us in February 2003 as Vice President of Sales and General Manager. He previously served as Vice President and General Manager of Tandberg Television’s North America region operations from 1997 to 2003.

 

James A. Bixby was appointed to serve as director of the Company in December 2000. Mr. Bixby is a member of our Audit Committee. Mr. Bixby has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer of SeQual Technologies, Inc. since 1998. SeQual is in the business of developing medical and industrial equipment. Currently, Mr. Bixby is a Director of Biohydration Research Lab, and GCS, Inc. Mr. Bixby received his B.S.E.E. from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, his M.S.E.E. from the University of California, Berkeley, and his Master of Engineering degree in engineering management from the University of California, Los Angeles.

 

Robert B. Clasen has been a member of our Board of Directors since April 2002. He also acts as a consultant to us. Previously, Mr. Clasen was Chairman and CEO of ICTV Inc., an interactive/internet television provider, from July 1999 to June 2001. Mr. Clasen was President and CEO of ComStream Corporation, an international provider of digital transmission solutions for voice, data, imaging, audio and video applications for satellite and terrestrial broadband systems, from January 1998 to December 1998. Currently Mr. Clasen is the chairman of Broadband Innovations Inc., a provider of upconverters to the cable industry.

 

Dr. Moshe Nazarathy has been a member of our Board of Directors since September 2002. Dr. Nazarathy also serves as a consultant to us. He is a Technology Venture Partner with Giza Ventures, a venture capital firm in Israel. Dr. Nazarathy co-founded Harmonic Inc., and from 1988 to 2001, served as Senior VP of R&D, and corporate CTO. Dr. Nazarathy was also General Manager of Harmonic’s Israeli subsidiary and a member of Harmonic’s board of directors. Dr. Nazarathy obtained a B.Sc., cum laude and a Doctor of Science EE degree at the Technion, Israel’s Institute of Technology.

 

Robert L. Packer has been a member of our Board of Directors since September 2001. Mr. Packer was a co-founder of Packeteer, Inc., a provider of products for network maintenance and Internet traffic management, and served as the Chief Technical Officer and a member of the board of directors of Packeteer since its inception in 1996 until 2002. Mr. Packer holds a B.A. in Philosophy and Political Science from Swarthmore College.

 

Board of Directors

 

Pursuant to our bylaws, our board of directors shall consist of at least one and not more than seven directors, with the exact number to be fixed from time to time by our board of directors. Our board of directors currently has five members.

 

Audit Committee

 

The audit committee of the board of directors is responsible for overseeing the financial matters of the Company including, but not limited to, reviewing financial controls and engaging and coordinating with independent auditors. The members of the audit committee are Messrs. Bixby and Packer, and the Chairman of the audit committee is Mr. Bixby.

 

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Table of Contents

 

Compensation Committee

 

The compensation committee of the board of directors is responsible for overseeing the compensation matters of the Company, including but not limited to the creation and administration of all stock option plans and grants thereunder. The members of the compensation committee are Messrs. Clasen and Packer and the Chairman of the compensation committee is Mr. Clasen.

 

Limitation of Liability and Indemnification of Directors and Officers

 

Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our directors to the maximum extent permitted by Delaware law. Delaware law provides that directors of a corporation will not be personally liable for monetary damages for breach of their fiduciary duties as directors, except liability for:

 

    any breach of their duty of loyalty to the corporation or its stockholders;

 

    acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law;

 

    unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions; or

 

    any transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit.

 

The limitation of liability does not apply to liabilities arising under the federal securities laws and does not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission. Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that we shall, to the fullest extent permitted by law, indemnify our directors and executive officers and other persons to whom we may lawfully provide indemnification, and to advance expenses to such persons in connection with the investigation and defense of indemnifiable actions brought against them. We believe that indemnification under our bylaws covers at least negligence and gross negligence on the part of the indemnified parties. Our bylaws also permit us to secure insurance on behalf of any officer, director, employee or other agent for any liability arising out of his or her actions in such capacity, regardless of whether the bylaws would permit indemnification.

 

We have entered into agreements to indemnify our directors and executive officers in addition to indemnification provided for in our charter documents. These agreements, among other things, provide for indemnification of our directors and executive officers for expenses specified in the agreements, including attorneys’ fees, judgments, fines and settlement amounts incurred by our directors or executive officers in any action or proceeding arising out of that person’s services as our director or executive officer, any of our subsidiaries or any other entity to which the person provides services at our request. In addition, we maintain directors’ and officers’ insurance. We believe that these provisions and agreements are necessary to attract and retain qualified persons as directors and executive officers.

 

At present, we are not aware of any pending or threatened litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer, employee or agent in which indemnification would be required or permitted. We are not aware of any threatened litigation or proceeding that might result in a claim for such indemnification.

 

Anti-Takeover Effects of Certain Provisions of Delaware Law and Our Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws

 

Delaware anti-takeover statute. We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. Subject to certain exceptions, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless:

 

    prior to such date, the board of directors of the corporation approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder;

 

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    upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the stockholder becoming an interested stockholder, the interested stockholder owned at least 85% of the voting stock of the corporation outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for purposes of determining the number of shares outstanding those shares owned (1) by persons who are directors and also officers and (2) by employee stock plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

    on or after such date, the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at an annual or special meeting of stockholders, and not by written consent, by the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of the outstanding voting stock which is not owned by the interested stockholder.

 

For purposes of Section 203, a “business combination” includes a merger, asset sale or other transaction resulting in a financial benefit to the interested stockholder, and an “interested stockholder” is a person who, together with affiliates and associates, owns, or within three years prior to the date of determination whether the person is an “Interested Stockholder,” did own, 15% or more of the corporation’s voting stock.

 

In addition, provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may have an anti-takeover effect. They may delay, defer or prevent a tender offer or takeover attempt that a stockholder might consider in its best interest, including those attempts that might result in a premium over the market price for the shares held by our stockholders. The following summarizes these provisions.

 

Authorized But Unissued Shares. Our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock are available for our board to issue without stockholder approval. We may use these additional shares for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of our company by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or other transaction.

 

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Table of Contents

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

 

The following Summary Compensation Table sets forth certain information regarding the compensation of our Chief Executive Officer and each of our other most highly compensated executive officers who were serving as executive officers as of December 31, 2002 whose salary plus bonus for 2002 exceeded $100,000, plus one former executive officer whose salary and bonus for 2002 exceeded $100,000 (collectively, the “Named Executive Officers”) for services rendered in all capacities to the Company during the fiscal years ended December 31, 2000, December 31, 2001 and December 31, 2002.

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

         

Annual Compensation


  

Long-Term Compensation Awards


      

Name and Principal Position


  

Year


  

Salary


  

Bonus


  

Securities Underlying Options (#)


    

All Other Compensation($)


Frederick A. Cary

  

2002

  

$

205,784

  

 

  

274,131

        

Chairman, President and Chief

  

2001

  

$

67,161

  

 

  

485,000

        

Executive Officer (1)

  

2000

  

$

  

 

  

        

David A. Carnevale

  

2002

  

$

139,322

  

 

  

117,414

    

$

13,000

Vice President, Marketing (2)

  

2001

  

$

13,004

  

 

  

200,000

        
    

2000

  

$

  

 

  

        

Ronald D. Fellman

  

2002

  

$

136,490

  

 

  

79,305

        

Chief Technology Officer (3)

  

2001

  

$

199,853

  

 

  

        
    

2000

  

$

185,026

  

 

  

175,000

        

Yendo Hu

  

2002

  

$

124,623

  

 

  

109,477

        

Vice President, Engineering

  

2001

  

$

137,269

  

$

10,500

  

        
    

2000

  

$

126,123

  

 

  

        

Richard Slansky

  

2002

  

$

73,464

  

 

  

    

$

35,000

Chief Financial Officer (4)

  

2001

  

$

174,250

  

$

15,000

  

        
    

2000

  

$

99,269

  

 

  

250,000

        

(1)   Mr. Cary has served as our Chief Executive Officer since September 2001.
(2)   Mr. Carnevale has served as our Vice President of Marketing since February 2003, and served as Vice President of Marketing and Sales from November 2001 to February 2003.
(3)   Dr. Fellman resigned from his position as our Chief Executive Officer in April 2000, at which time he assumed the position of Chief Technology Officer.
(4)   Mr. Slansky resigned as our Chief Financial Officer in July 2002. Mr. John Zavoli assumed the position of Chief Financial Officer in October 2002.

 

Option Grants in the Last Fiscal Year

 

The following table provides information concerning individual grants of stock options made during fiscal year 2002 to the Named Executive Officers. We have never granted any stock appreciation rights. The exercise prices are in each case equal to the last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the trading day immediately prior to the date of grant.

 

The percentage of total options granted to our employees in the last fiscal year is based on options to purchase an aggregate of 1,203,195 shares of common stock granted under our option plan to our employees in 2002.

 

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In 2002, in an effort to reduce expenditures, we instituted an equity-for-salary program that initially affected almost all of our employees (the “Expense Reduction Program”). The Expense Reduction Program was later scaled back to affect only certain executive level employees. Under this program, each participating employee would receive an immediately exercisable and fully vested option to purchase up to a number of shares of our common stock equal to four times the number of dollars of salary foregone divided by the last reported sales price of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date the employee’s salary would otherwise have been paid. The exercise prices of these options are in each case equal to the last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date the employee’s salary would otherwise have been paid. With respect to the Named Executive Officers, under the Expense Reduction Program, we granted a total of 323,642 options at a weighted average exercise price of $1.76.

 

Name


  

Number of Shares of Common Stock Underlying Options Granted (#)


    

Percent of Total Options Granted to Employees in Last Fiscal Year


      

Exercise Price ($/sh)


      

Expiration Date


 

Frederick A. Cary

  

274,131

(1)

  

22.78

%

    

(1

)

    

(1

)

David A. Carnevale

  

117,414

(2)

  

9.76

 

    

(2

)

    

(2

)

Ronald D. Fellman

  

79,305

(3)

  

6.59

 

    

(3

)

    

(3

)

Yendo Hu

  

109,477

(4)

  

9.10

 

    

(4

)

    

(4

)

Richard Slansky

  

18,315

(5)

  

1.52

 

    

(5

)

    

(5

)


(1)   Consists of (i) an immediately exercisable option to purchase up to 175,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $1.30 to expire in July 2009 and (ii) options issued pursuant to our Expense Reduction Program to purchase up to an aggregate of 99,131 shares of our common stock with exercise prices and expiration dates as set forth below:

 

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


    

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


    

Expiration Date


1,876

    

$

4.10

  

01/09

    

3,434

    

$

2.24

    

06/09

1,899

    

$

4.05

  

02/09

    

4,049

    

$

1.90

    

07/09

1,748

    

$

4.40

  

02/09

    

5,534

    

$

1.39

    

07/09

1,909

    

$

4.03

  

03/09

    

6,057

    

$

1.27

    

08/09

2,024

    

$

3.80

  

03/09

    

4,498

    

$

1.71

    

08/09

5,698

    

$

1.35

  

04/09

    

5,917

    

$

1.30

    

09/09

4,049

    

$

1.90

  

04/09

    

6,154

    

$

1.25

    

09/09

4,396

    

$

1.75

  

05/09

    

7,326

    

$

1.05

    

10/09

2,564

    

$

3.00

  

05/09

    

8,361

    

$

0.92

    

10/09

3,219

    

$

2.39

  

05/09

    

7,930

    

$

0.97

    

10/09

2,797

    

$

2.75

  

06/09

    

7,692

    

$

1.00

    

11/09

 

(2)   Consists of (i) an immediately exercisable option to purchase up to 50,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $1.30 to expire in July 2009 and (ii) options issued pursuant to our Expense Reduction Program to purchase up to an aggregate of 67,414 shares of our common stock with exercise prices and expiration dates as set forth below:

 

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


    

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


1,276

    

$

4.10

  

01/09

    

2,335

    

$

2.24

  

06/09

1,292

    

$

4.05

  

02/09

    

2,753

    

$

1.90

  

07/09

1,189

    

$

4.40

  

02/09

    

3,763

    

$

1.39

  

07/09

1,298

    

$

4.03

  

03/09

    

4,119

    

$

1.27

  

08/09

1,377

    

$

3.80

  

03/09

    

3,059

    

$

1.71

  

08/09

3,875

    

$

1.35

  

04/09

    

4,024

    

$

1.30

  

09/09

2,753

    

$

1.90

  

04/09

    

4,185

    

$

1.25

  

09/09

2,989

    

$

1.75

  

05/09

    

4,982

    

$

1.05

  

10/09

1,744

    

$

3.00

  

05/09

    

5,686

    

$

0.92

  

10/09

2,189

    

$

2.39

  

05/09

    

5,393

    

$

0.97

  

10/09

1,902

    

$

2.75

  

06/09

    

5,231

    

$

1.00

  

11/09

 

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(3)   Consists of options to purchase shares of our common stock issued pursuant to our Expense Reduction Program with exercise prices and expiration dates as set forth below:

 

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


    

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


1,501

    

$

4.10

  

01/09

    

2,747

    

$

2.24

  

06/09

1,519

    

$

4.05

  

02/09

    

3,239

    

$

1.90

  

07/09

1,399

    

$

4.40

  

02/09

    

4,427

    

$

1.39

  

07/09

1,527

    

$

4.03

  

03/09

    

4,846

    

$

1.27

  

08/09

1,619

    

$

3.80

  

03/09

    

3,599

    

$

1.71

  

08/09

4,558

    

$

1.35

  

04/09

    

4,734

    

$

1.30

  

09/09

3,239

    

$

1.90

  

04/09

    

4,923

    

$

1.25

  

09/09

3,516

    

$

1.75

  

05/09

    

5,861

    

$

1.05

  

10/09

2,051

    

$

3.00

  

05/09

    

6,689

    

$

0.92

  

10/09

2,575

    

$

2.39

  

05/09

    

6,344

    

$

0.97

  

10/09

2,238

    

$

2.75

  

06/09

    

6,154

    

$

1.00

  

11/09

 

(4)   Consists of (i) an immediately exercisable option to purchase up to 50,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $1.30 to expire in July 2009 and (ii) options issued pursuant to our Expense Reduction Program to purchase up to an aggregate of 59,477 shares of our common stock with exercise prices and expiration dates as set forth below:

 

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


    

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


1,126

    

$

4.10

  

01/09

    

2,060

    

$

2.24

  

06/09

1,140

    

$

4.05

  

02/09

    

2,429

    

$

1.90

  

07/09

1,049

    

$

4.40

  

02/09

    

3,320

    

$

1.39

  

07/09

1,145

    

$

4.03

  

03/09

    

3,634

    

$

1.27

  

08/09

1,215

    

$

3.80

  

03/09

    

2,699

    

$

1.71

  

08/09

3,419

    

$

1.35

  

04/09

    

3,550

    

$

1.30

  

09/09

2,429

    

$

1.90

  

04/09

    

3,692

    

$

1.25

  

09/09

2,637

    

$

1.75

  

05/09

    

4,396

    

$

1.05

  

10/09

1,538

    

$

3.00

  

05/09

    

5,017

    

$

0.92

  

10/09

1,931

    

$

2.39

  

05/09

    

4,758

    

$

0.97

  

10/09

1,678

    

$

2.75

  

06/09

    

4,615

    

$

1.00

  

11/09

 

(5)   Consists of (i) immediately exercisable options to purchase up to an aggregate of 139,000 shares of our common stock with an exercise price of $4.35 to expire in May 2007, but only exercisable through July 2005 and (ii) options issued pursuant to our Expense Reduction Program to purchase up to an aggregate of 18,315 shares of our common stock with exercise prices and expiration dates as set forth below, but only exercisable through July 2005:

 

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


    

Number of Shares Granted


    

Exercise Price ($/sh)


  

Expiration Date


1,313

    

$

4.10

  

01/09

    

3,989

    

$

1.35

  

04/09

1,330

    

$

4.05

  

02/09

    

2,834

    

$

1.90

  

04/09

1,224

    

$

4.40

  

02/09

    

3,077

    

$

1.75

  

05/09

1,336

    

$

4.03

  

03/09

    

1,795

    

$

3.00

  

05/09

1,417

    

$

3.80

  

03/09

                    

 

Aggregated Option Exercises in the Last Fiscal Year and Fiscal Year-end Option Value

 

The following table provides information with respect to the exercise of stock options during 2002 and the value of stock options held as of December 31, 2002, by each of the Named Executive Officers.

 

    

Shares acquired on exercise (#)


  

Value Realized


  

Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options at FY-End (#)


  

Value of Unexercised in-the-Money Options at December 31, 2002 (1)


Name


        

Exercisable


  

Unexercisable


  

Exercisable


    

Unexercisable


Frederick A. Cary

  

  

 

  

200,694

  

558,437

  

$

250

    

$

0.00

David A. Carnevale

  

  

 

  

117,414

  

200,000

  

$

170

    

$

0.00

Ronald D. Fellman

  

  

 

  

231,317

  

22,988

  

$

200

    

$

0.00

Yendo Hu

  

3,419

  

$

5,060

  

231,058

  

100,000

  

$

150

    

$

0.00

Richard Slansky

  

  

 

  

157,315

  

  

$

    

$

 

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(1)   We have based the value of unexercised in-the-money options as of December 31, 2002 on $0.95, the last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on December 31, 2002, less the applicable exercise price per share, multiplied by the number of shares underlying such options. Actual gains on exercise, if any, will depend on the value of our common stock on the date on which the shares are sold.

 

Director Compensation

 

We generally pay our non-employee directors $2,000 per month for their service as directors, including their service on any committee of the board. We have also granted each of our non-employee directors an option to purchase up to 25,000 shares of our common stock which vest quarterly over two years. Mr. Packer has chosen not to receive any cash compensation from us for his services as a director.

 

Employment Contracts, Termination of Employment and Change in Control Arrangements

 

In February 2003, we entered into a letter agreement with Patrick Bohana regarding his employment as our Vice-President, Sales. In consideration of his services, we pay Mr. Bohana an annual base salary of $175,000. Mr. Bohana is entitled to a $20,000 bonus in the event we derive $8 million in revenue from products sales, and is entitled to a bonus in the amount of 0.2% of the total revenues derived from products sales over $8 million (with a maximum bonus potential of $50,000). In connection with the letter, we granted Mr. Bohana an option to purchase up to 90,000 shares of our common stock. The shares underlying this option vest and become exercisable over four years in sixteen quarterly installments. This option has a per share exercise price of $1.10 and is to expire 7 years after grant. In the event Mr. Bohana is terminated for any reason other than cause, for three months we will continue to pay Mr. Bohana his salary and continue his benefits coverage. In addition, should Mr. Bohana chose to relocate to San Diego in his first 18 months with us, we have agreed to pay him $10,000 in connection with the relocation and $900 a month (for six months) for temporary living accommodations in San Diego.

 

In January 2003, we entered into a letter agreement with Dr. Ronald Fellman, our Chief Technical Officer. Under this letter, Dr. Fellman agreed to contribute 200,000 shares of our common stock to us. In consideration, in the event Dr. Fellman is terminated other than “for cause” (as set forth in the letter) or voluntarily resigns, for seven months we will continue to pay Dr. Fellman his salary and continue his benefits coverage. In addition, upon any termination, we will repay all amounts outstanding under any loan Dr. Fellman has made to us, if any. We reimbursed Dr. Fellman for the reasonable attorney fees and related costs he incurred negotiating and executing the letter and the transactions contemplated in the letter.

 

In October 2002, we entered into a letter agreement with John Zavoli regarding his employment as our Chief Financial Office and General Counsel. In consideration of his services, we pay Mr. Zavoli an annual base salary of $165,000. In connection with the letter, we granted Mr. Zavoli an option to purchase up to 100,000 shares of our common stock. The shares underlying this option vest and become exercisable over four years in sixteen quarterly installments. This option has a per share exercise price of $0.92 and is to expire October 2009. In the event Mr. Zavoli is terminated for any reason other than cause, for two months we will continue to pay Mr. Zavoli his salary and continue his benefits coverage and, after Mr. Zavoli has been with us for six months, this period will be increased to three months.

 

In November 2001, we entered into a letter agreement with David Carnevale regarding his employment as our Vice-President, Marketing and Sales. In consideration of his services, we pay Mr. Carnevale an annual base salary of $170,000. In connection with the letter, we granted Mr. Carnevale an option to purchase up to 200,000 shares of our common stock. The shares underlying this option vest and become exercisable over four years in

 

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sixteen quarterly installments. This option has a per share exercise price of $5.48 and is to expire in November 2008. In the event Mr. Carnevale is terminated for any reason other than cause, for three months we will continue to pay Mr. Carnevale his salary and continue his benefits coverage. In addition, we paid Mr. Carnevale $10,000 in connection with his relocation to San Diego and agreed to pay him up to $6,000 in connection with temporary living accommodations in San Diego. Mr. Carnevale actually incurred expenses of $3,000 in connection with temporary living accommodations in San Diego, which amount we reimbursed.

 

In September 2001, we entered into an employment agreement with Frederick A. Cary regarding his employment as our President and Chief Executive Officer. In consideration of his services, we pay Mr. Cary an annual base salary of $250,000, which is subject to annual review by our board. Mr. Cary may be eligible for performance-based cash bonuses upon attaining specific goals agreed to by us and Mr. Cary. In connection with this agreement, we granted Mr. Cary options to purchase up to an aggregate of 650,000 shares of our common stock. Three hundred twenty five thousand (325,000) of the shares underlying these options (the “Time-Based Vesting Options”) vest and become exercisable over four years in sixteen quarterly installments, have a per share exercise price of $3.91 and are to expire September 2008. In the event Mr. Cary is terminated under certain circumstances within 12 months of a change-in-control of the Company, any unvested shares underling the Time-Based Vesting Options shall immediately vest. Three hundred twenty five thousand (325,000) of the shares underlying these options (the “Performance-Based Vesting Options”) vest over four years in sixteen quarterly installments but are exercisable only upon attainment of specific goals. Goals relating to 165,000 of the shares underlying the Performance-Based Options are tied to dates which have passed. Goals relating to 160,000 of the shares underling the Performance-Based Vesting Options are still attainable. Each of the Performance-Based Vesting Options has a per share exercise price of $3.91 and is to expire in September 2008. In the event Mr. Cary is terminated under certain circumstances within 12 months of a change-in-control of the Company, any unvested but exercisable shares underlying the Performance-Based Vesting Options shall immediately vest. In addition, in the event Mr. Cary is terminated other than “for cause” (as set forth in the agreement) or voluntarily resigns with “good reason” (as set forth in the agreement), then, upon execution of a general release of all claims against us, for 12 months we will continue to pay Mr. Cary his salary and continue his benefits coverage.

 

In May 2000, we entered into a letter agreement with Richard B. Slansky regarding his employment as our Chief Financial Officer. In consideration of his services, we paid Mr. Slansky an annual base salary of $140,000 and granted Mr. Slansky an option, with a per share exercise price of $4.35, to purchase up to 200,000 shares of our common stock. In June 2002, in connection with Mr. Slansky’s resignation as our Chief Financial Officer, we entered into a separation agreement and general release with Mr. Slanksy. In consideration of entering into this agreement and release, Mr. Slansky provided us certain transition services and agreed to a modification of his option such that the shares underlying it would cease vesting as of May 20, 2002, and we paid Mr. Slansky $35,000 and extended the exercise period of his option through July 2005.

 

In August 1999, we entered into a letter agreement with Yendo Hu regarding his employment as our vice-president, engineering. In consideration of his services, we agreed to pay Dr. Hu an annual base salary of

$112,000, which has since been increased to $150,000. In connection with the letter, we granted Dr. Hu options to purchase up to an aggregate of 225,000 shares of our common stock. Twenty-five thousand (25,000) of the shares underlying these options vested and became exercisable on Dr. Hu’s first day and the remainder vest and become exercisable over four years in sixteen quarterly installments. Each of these options has a per share exercise price of $2.00 and is to expire in September 2006. In the event Dr. Hu is terminated under certain circumstances within 12 months of a change-in-control of the Company, any unvested shares underlying these options shall immediately vest.

 

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Stock Option Plans

 

Our 1999 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “1999 Plan”) was adopted by our board of directors in August 1999 and approved by our stockholders in April 2000. Under the 1999 Plan, options exercisable for a total of 2,636,148 share of our class B common stock were granted. In October 2001, we adopted an option exchange program pursuant to which all outstanding options to purchase shares of our class B common stock were exchanged for options to purchase shares of our class A common stock (which, in February 2002, we reclassified as “common stock”) under our 2000 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “2000 Plan”).

 

The 2000 Plan was adopted by our board of directors in September 2000 and approved by our stockholders in December 2000. The 2000 Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options to employees and for the grant of non-statutory stock options to employees, consultants and non-employee directors.

 

The 2000 Plan is divided into two separate equity programs: i) a discretionary option grant program under which eligible persons may be granted options to purchase shares of our common stock and ii) a stock issuance program under which eligible persons may be directly issued shares of our common stock, either through an immediate purchase of shares or as a bonus for services rendered to us. The 2000 Plan provides for an exercise period of up to ten years, with a shorter period for certain of our existing stockholders. The 2000 Plan does not provide for automatic acceleration of unvested shares in the event of a change-in-control of the Company, though the 2000 Plan administrator does have discretion to grant individual options which accelerate in the event of certain changes in control of the Company. Generally, options and issuances under the 2000 Plan vest either immediately or as to 6.25% of the shares underlying the option or issuance every three months over four years from the date of grant. The options granted under the 2000 Plan are not transferable other than by will or the laws of descent.

 

A total of 4,260,000 shares have been authorized and reserved for issuance under the 2000 Plan. As of March 31, 2003, options to purchase a total of 3,618,514 shares, with a weighted average exercise price of $3.16 per share, were outstanding under the 2000 Plan.

 

In addition, options to purchase a total of 539,713 shares were outstanding outside of the 2000 plan. These options were granted pursuant to separate contractual rights.

 

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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS

 

In July 2002, we entered into a consulting agreement with Robert Clasen, a member of our Board and chairman of our Compensation Committee, which we amended in September 2002. Under this agreement, as amended, Mr. Clasen provides at least 11 days a month of service to us, and we pay him a monthly consulting fee of $9,000 cash and, at the end of each month of service, grant him an option to purchase up to that number of shares of our common stock equal to $9,000 worth of our common stock. Each option granted is fully vested upon grant. Each option has a per share exercise price equal to the last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the trading day immediately prior to the date of grant and is to expire ten years after the date of grant. In addition, we reimburse Mr. Clasen for out-of-pocket expenses reasonably incurred in the performance of his services to the Company. This agreement expired by its terms at the end of 2002. At the time the prior consulting agreement expired, we entered into an informal consulting arrangement with Mr. Clasen under which Mr. Clasen provides the same services to us and we provide the same compensation to him. Mr. Clasen’s compensation under the prior consulting agreement and under the current arrangement is in addition to his monthly director stipend.

 

In September 2002, we entered into a consulting agreement with Moshe Nazarathy, a member of our Board. Under this agreement, Mr. Nazarathy provides up to 20 hours of services a month to us, and we pay him an hourly consulting fee of $250. In connection with this agreement, Mr. Nazarathy was issued an option to purchase up to 75,000 shares of our common stock. This option vested in full in March 2003, has a per share exercise price of $1.20 and is to expire in March 2010. In addition, we agreed to grant Mr. Nazarathy an option to purchase up to that number of shares of our common stock equal to that dollar amount of our common stock that is equal to 4% of the total value of any financing arranged by Mr. Nazarathy and requested by us. This option is to be fully-vested upon grant and is to have a per share exercise price equal to the price of shares sold in the financing or, if the financing is debt-based, the last reported sale price per share of our common stock on the closing date of the financing. We reimburse Mr. Nazarathy certain travel, per diem and miscellaneous expenses and reimburse Mr. Nazarathy for certain business expenses incurred in the performance of his services to the Company, including business class travel and $1.00 per kilometer for commuting expenses within Israel. This agreement is to expire in October 2003, unless terminated earlier. Mr. Nazarathy’s compensation under this consulting agreement is in addition to his monthly director stipend.

 

In 2002, in an effort to reduce expenditures, we instituted an equity-for-salary program that initially affected almost all of our employees (the “Expense Reduction Program”). The Expense Reduction Program was later scaled back to affect only certain executive level employees. Under this program, each participating employee would receive a fully exercisable and vested option to purchase up to a number of shares of our common stock equal to four times the number of dollars of salary foregone divided by the last reported sales price of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date the employee’s salary would otherwise have been paid. The exercise price of these options is equal to the last reported sales price per share of our common stock as reported by the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board on the date the employee’s salary would otherwise have been paid. Under the Expense Reduction Program, the following executive officers and directors received an aggregate of 372,415 stock options in exchange for an aggregate of $168,249 in foregone salary: Frederick A. Cary, Ronald Fellman, David A. Carnevale, John Zavoli, Yendo Hu, Luann Linnebur, Douglas Palmer, Don Raymond and Richard Slansky.

 

Please also see the description of employment arrangements with related parties under the heading “Employment Contracts, Termination of Employment and Change in Control, Arrangements.”

 

On April 10, 2000, we entered into an Agreement of Purchase and Sale with Leitch Technology Corporation (“Leitch”). Pursuant to this Agreement of Purchase and Sale, Leitch purchased 1,250,000 shares of our common stock for $10 million and 200,000 common shares of Leitch. Leitch’s common shares are traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol “LTV” and on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol “LVID.” In connection with the Agreement of Purchase and Sale, we entered into a Stockholders Agreement dated April 10,

 

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2000 with Leitch and certain of our stockholders, pursuant to which two officers of Leitch were nominated and elected to our Board of Directors, which rights have since expired due to Leitch’s declining ownership of our outstanding common stock. No designees of Leitch are currently serving on our Board of Directors.

 

We also agreed to use our best efforts to cause at least one director designee of Leitch to be on each committee of our Board of Directors. This Stockholders Agreement also provides Leitch (i) a right of first refusal to purchase any stock (now or hereafter acquired) offered for sale in a private transaction by Drs. Palmer, Fellman or Elliott, (ii) a pro rata right of subscription for new securities offered by us, and (iii) beginning on the first anniversary of the effective date of our registration statement on Form 10, registration rights for its shares of the our common stock. Leitch’s right of first refusal terminates if another strategic partner invests $6 million in our equity securities or we have achieved $30 million of gross revenues in any 12-month period.

 

The Stockholders Agreement also requires Leitch to refrain from the purchase of additional shares of our equity securities, from seeking to acquire us or acquire control of us, or from selecting proxies or being in any “group” with respect to our securities, all except with the approval of the our Board of Directors or as otherwise expressly provided for in the Agreement of Purchase and Sale or the Stockholders Agreement.

 

The Stockholders Agreement terminates upon the latest to occur of (a) the written agreement of the parties to the Stockholders Agreement, (b) acquisition of all of our issued and outstanding shares, (c) April 10, 2010, (d) our merger or consolidation with or into another entity where more than 50% of our securities are held by persons or entities different than immediately prior to such merger or consolidation, or (e) when we close an underwritten public offering with at least $25 million of net proceeds. In connection with the Leitch agreement, we granted Leitch exclusive rights to use TrueCircuit technology in the professional broadcast market and the non-exclusive rights in other markets. We believe Leitch’s exclusive rights have now become non-exclusive.

 

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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT

 

The following table sets forth information regarding the beneficial ownership of our common stock as of March 31, 2003, and as adjusted to reflect the sale of the 9,551,997 shares of our common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus, for:

 

    our chief executive officer;

 

    each of our other most highly-compensated executive officers as of December 31, 2002, whose salary and bonus for 2002 was over $100,000;

 

    one other former executive officer whose salary and bonus for 2002 was over $100,000;

 

    each person known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock; and

 

    all of our executive officers and directors as a group.

 

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and includes voting and investment power with respect to the securities. Subject to applicable community property laws, the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of our common stock shown as beneficially owned by them. The number of shares of our common stock used to calculate the percentage ownership of each listed person includes the shares of our common stock underlying options or warrants held by such persons that are exercisable within 60 days after March 31, 2003. Percentage of beneficial ownership before this offering is based on 9,637,346 shares of our common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2003. Percentage of beneficial ownership after this offering is based on 19,189,343 shares, including the 9,551,997 shares of our common stock offered pursuant to this prospectus. The table further assumes that the selling stockholders sell all shares of our common stock registered hereunder.

 

Unless otherwise indicated, the address for the following stockholders is c/o Path 1 Network Technologies Inc., 6215 Ferris Square, Suite 140, San Diego, CA 92121.

 

Name and Address of Beneficial Owner


    

Shares Beneficially Owned


  

Percentage Beneficially Owned


 
       

Before Offering


    

After Offering


 

Executive Officers and Directors:

                    

Frederick A. Cary (1)

    

556,156

  

5.5

%

  

2.8

%

David A. Carnevale (2)

    

192,414

  

2.0

 

  

1.0

 

Ronald D. Fellman (3)

    

1,132,192

  

11.4

 

  

5.8

 

Yendo Hu (4)

    

284,477

  

2.9

 

  

1.5

 

Richard B. Slansky (5)

    

157,315

  

1.6

 

  

*

 

James A. Bixby (6)

    

26,000

  

*

 

  

*

 

Robert B. Clasen (7)

    

46,402

  

*

 

  

*

 

Moshe Nazarathy (8)

    

81,250

  

*

 

  

*

 

Robert L. Packer (9)

    

39,000

  

*

 

  

*

 

5% Stockholders:

                    

Douglas Palmer (10)

    

612,970

  

6.0

 

  

3.1

 

Leitch Technology Corporation (11)

    

2,941,250

  

30.5

 

  

15.3

 

All directors and executive officers as a group (11 persons) (12)

    

2,527,398

  

22.7

 

  

12.1

 


  *   Indicates beneficial ownership of less than one percent of the total outstanding common stock.
  1.   Includes (a) options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 396,006 shares of common stock and (b) options that may be exercisable within 60 days of March 31, 2003, to purchase up to 160,000 shares of common stock.
  2.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 192,414 shares of common stock.

 

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  3.   Includes (a) options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 254,305 shares of common stock and (b) a convertible note convertible into up to 14,167 shares of common stock.
  4.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 281,058 shares of common stock.
  5.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 157,315 shares of common stock.
  6.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 25,000 shares of common stock.
  7.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 46,402 shares of common stock.
  8.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 81,250 shares of common stock.
  9.   Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 15,625 shares of common stock.
10.   Includes (a) options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 554,793 shares of common stock and (b) a convertible note convertible into up to 13,077 shares of common stock. The address for Mr. Palmer is 1229 Trieste Dr., #200, San Diego, CA 92107
11.   The address for Leitch Technology Corporation is 150 Ferrand Drive, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M3C 3E5.
12.   See notes 1-4 and 6-9. Includes options that are immediately exercisable to purchase up to 16,567 and 5,625 shares of common stock held by John Zavoli and Patrick Bohana, respectively.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES

 

Upon completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock will consist of 40,000,000 shares of common stock, $0.001 par value, and 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.001 par value. The following summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, copies of which are filed as exhibits to our previous filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission and incorporated herein by reference.

 

Common stock

 

As of March 31, 2003, there were 9,637,346 shares of common stock outstanding that were held of record by 239 stockholders. Holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted upon by the stockholders. Subject to the provisions of Section 2115 of the General Corporation Law of California, the holders of common stock are not entitled to cumulate voting rights with respect to the election of directors, and as a result, minority stockholders will not be able to elect directors on the basis of their votes alone. Subject to limitations under Delaware and California law and preferences that may apply to any outstanding shares of preferred stock, holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends or other distribution, if any, as may be declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available therefor. In the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to the liquidation preference of any outstanding preferred stock. The common stock has no preemptive, conversion or other rights to subscribe for additional securities. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are, and all shares of common stock to be outstanding upon completion of the offering will be, validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable. The rights, preferences and privileges of holders of common stock are subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of shares of any series of preferred stock that we may designate and issue in the future.

 

Preferred stock

 

Our certificate of incorporation provides for the issuance of up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock. Our board of directors will have the authority, without further action by the stockholders, to issue up to 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock in one or more series and to designate the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions of each such series. The issuance of preferred stock could have the effect of restricting dividends on the common stock, diluting the voting power of the common stock, impairing the liquidation rights of the common stock or

 

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delaying or preventing a change in control without further action by the stockholders. At present, we have no plans to issue any shares of preferred stock after completion of this offering.

 

Existing warrants

 

As of May 9, 2003, we had issued and outstanding warrants to purchase 1,361,353 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $1.34, the forms of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or incorporated by reference herein.

 

Registration rights

 

In May 2003, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “Reinvestment Agreement”) with NV Administratieskantoor opgericht door Bankierskantoor M. van Embden NV and Amstgeld Global Custody BV pursuant to which we issued notes with an aggregate principal amount of $228,497 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and warrants exercisable for up to an aggregate of 88,883 shares of our common stock. In connection with the Reinvestment Agreement, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which we are required to file a registration statement with respect to registration of the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of these notes and exercise of these warrants on or prior to the earlier of the filing of the next registration statement filed by us and 70 days after May 21, 2003. The registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part is to satisfy this requirement. In addition, in connection with the Reinvestment Agreement, we granted piggyback registration rights with respect to the registration of shares of our common stock. If we propose to register any shares of our common stock, the investors are entitled to receive notice of that registration and are entitled to include the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of these notes and exercise of these warrants. Assuming these notes are held until the 24-month anniversary of their issuance and accrued interest is converted (but subject to certain other adjustment provisions), 401,379 shares of our common stock will be issuable upon conversion of these notes.

 

In March 2003, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “March Purchase Agreement”) with Palisades Master Fund L.P. (“Palisades”) and Crescent International Ltd. (“Crescent”) pursuant to which we issued to Palisades a note with a principal amount of $500,000 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and a warrant exercisable for up to 192,308 shares of our common stock, and issued to Crescent a note with a principal amount of $500,000 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and a warrant exercisable for up to 192,308 shares of our common stock. In addition, in May 2003, we issued notes to Palisades, Crescent and others (collectively, the “Additional Investors”) in the aggregate principal amount of $500,000, and issued warrants exercisable for an aggregate of up to 192,308 shares of common stock. In connection with the March Purchase Agreement, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement pursuant to which we are required to file a registration statement with respect to registration of the shares of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of these notes and exercise of these warrants on or prior to the earlier of the filing of the next registration statement filed by us and June 6, 2003. The registration of which this prospectus forms a part is to satisfy this requirement. In addition, in connection with the March Purchase Agreement, we granted piggyback registration rights with respect to the registration of shares of our common stock. If we propose to register any shares of our common stock, the investors are entitled to receive notice of that registration and are entitled to include the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of these notes and exercise of these warrants. Assuming these notes are held until the 24-month anniversary of their issuance and accrued interest is converted (but subject to certain other adjustment provisions), 876,923 shares of our common stock will be issuable upon conversion of the note held by Palisades, 876,923 shares of our common stock will be issuable upon conversion of the note held by Crescent and 876,923 shares of our common stock will be issuable upon conversion of the notes held by the Additional Investors (including Palisades and Crescent).

 

In February 2003, we entered into a Purchase and Security Agreement (the “February Purchase Agreement”) with Laurus Master Fund (“Laurus”) pursuant to which we issued to Laurus a note with a principal amount of $300,000 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and a warrant exercisable for up to 75,000

 

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shares of our common stock. Under the February Purchase Agreement, we may issue notes with an aggregate principal amount of $1,000,000. In connection with the February Purchase Agreement, we entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with Laurus pursuant to which, subject to certain limitations, Laurus is entitled to demand that we file a registration statement with respect to registration of the shares of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant. The number of shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of this note depends on the aggregate amount of credit advances we receive under the February Purchase Agreement, the period during which advances are outstanding, the occurrence of certain events of default or other events resulting in the payment of certain fees as contemplated by the February Purchase Agreement and certain other adjustment provisions. As of March 31, 2003, 269,911 shares of our common stock were issuable upon conversion of this note.

 

According to the terms of our Consulting Agreement with The Del Mar Consulting Group, Inc. (“Del Mar”), dated November 27, 2002, we have agreed to include 240,000 shares of our common stock, and 70,000 shares of our common stock underlying an option, issued to Del Mar in connection with such agreement in the next registration statement we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission after November 27, 2002, but in any event not later than November 30, 2003.

 

In November 2002, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “November Purchase Agreement”) with Laurus pursuant to which we issued to Laurus a note with a principal amount of $300,000 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and a warrant exercisable for up to 75,000 shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the November Purchase Agreement and subject to certain limitations, Laurus is entitled to demand that we file a registration statement with respect to registration of the shares of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant. We are not required to effect more than two such registrations. In addition, Laurus has piggyback registration rights with respect to the registration of shares of our common stock to the public. If we propose to register any shares of our common stock, Laurus is entitled to receive notice of that registration and is entitled to include the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant, subject to limitations imposed by the underwriters of any such registration that is underwritten. In addition to the foregoing, we agreed to register the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant within 30 days of a request from Laurus, but only after the principal amount of the note issued pursuant to the May Purchase Agreement (see below) is reduced to $200,000. As of March 31, 2003, 363,648 shares of our common stock were issuable upon conversion of this note.

 

In May 2002, we entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement (the “May Purchase Agreement”) with Laurus pursuant to which we issued to Laurus a note with a principal amount of $1,250,000 and convertible into shares of our common stock, and a warrant exercisable for up to 125,000 shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the May Purchase Agreement, Laurus is entitled to demand that we file a registration statement with respect to registration of the shares of our common stock issuable upon the conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant. We are not required to effect more than two such registrations. In addition, Laurus has piggyback registration rights with respect to the registration of shares of our common stock. If we propose to register any shares of our common stock, Laurus is entitled to receive notice of that registration and is entitled to include the shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant, subject to limitations imposed by the underwriters of any such registration that is underwritten. In addition, in June 2002 we filed a registration statement covering the common stock issuable upon conversion of this note and exercise of this warrant. As of March 31, 2003, $418,655 of the original principal amount (plus associated interest) had been converted into 487,700 shares of our common stock, $91,443 of the original principal amount (plus associated interest) had been repaid in cash, and $739,902 (plus associated interest) remained outstanding and was convertible into 892,291 shares of our common stock.

 

In March and April 2002, in connection with the issuance of certain convertible notes to certain of our existing investors, the Company executed a term sheet which provided that holders of at least 75% of the aggregate amount of such notes were entitled to demand that we register the shares issuable upon conversion of

 

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such notes within 60 days of the conversion of such notes. While the registration rights of these noteholders were not fully negotiated and are somewhat unclear, we believe that we are obligated to register the shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of such notes as well as the shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of certain warrants issued in connection with the conversion of such notes.

 

In April 2000, we entered into an Agreement of Purchase and Sale (the “Purchase Agreement”) with Leitch Technology Corporation (“Leitch”) and a Stockholders’ Agreement (the “Stockholders’ Agreement”) with, among others, Leitch. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, we issued to Leitch 1,250,000 shares of our common stock. Pursuant to the Stockholders’ Agreement, subject to certain limitations, Leitch is entitled to demand that we file a registration statement with respect to registration of such shares. In addition to other limitations regarding our obligations to register such shares, we are not required to affect more than two such registrations, or more than one in any six-month period, and such obligations expire in April 2007. In addition, subject to certain limitations, Leitch has piggyback registration rights with respect to the registration of such shares. If we propose to register any of our shares, Leitch is entitled to receive notice of that registration and is entitled to include such shares, subject to certain limitations imposed by the underwriters of any such registration that is underwritten and minimum inclusion provisions.

 

We are generally required to bear all of the expenses of all the foregoing registrations, except underwriting discounts and commissions. We generally also agree to indemnify and contribute to the holders of registration rights for certain losses they incur in connection with registrations. Registration of any of the shares of our common stock held by security holders will result in those shares becoming freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

 

Future sales of substantial amounts of common stock in the public market or the prospect of such sales could adversely affect prevailing market prices.

 

Upon completion of this offering, up to 19,189,343 shares of common stock could be outstanding, which includes 9,637,346 shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2003, and all of the 9,551,997 shares of our common stock registered pursuant to this prospectus. The shares registered hereby will be freely tradable, unless held or purchased by an “affiliate” of ours, as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933.

 

In addition, the holders of certain shares of our common stock or other securities have rights, subject to some conditions, to require us to file registration statements covering their securities (or securities issuable upon exercise or conversion thereof) or to include their securities in registration statements that we may file for ourselves or other stockholders. The registration statements we are contractually required to effect will result in the potential public sale of a significant number of shares of our common stock. This would have a dilutive effect and may cause the price of our common stock to fall significantly. Furthermore, if we were to include in a company-initiated registration statement shares held by those holders pursuant to the exercise of their registration rights, those sales could impair our ability to raise needed capital by depressing the price at which we could sell our common stock.

 

Transfer Agent and Registrar

 

The transfer agent for our common stock and our currently outstanding warrants is Registrar and Transfer Company.

 

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Table of Contents

 

LEGAL MATTERS

 

The validity of the shares of common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Heller Ehrman White & McAuliffe LLP, San Diego, California.

 

EXPERTS

 

Swenson Advisors, LLP, independent auditors, have audited our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2002, and for the year then ended, as set forth in their report which contains an explanatory paragraph describing conditions that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, have audited our consolidated financial statements at December 31, 2001, and for the year then ended, as set forth in their report which contains an explanatory paragraph describing conditions that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern as described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements. We’ve included our financial statements in the prospectus and elsewhere in the registration statement in reliance on their reports given on their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.

 

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

 

We have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a registration statement on Form SB-2, including exhibits, schedules and amendments, under the Securities Act with respect to the shares of common stock to be sold in this offering. This prospectus does not contain all the information included in the registration statement. For further information about us and the shares of our common stock to be sold in this offering, please refer to this registration statement. Complete exhibits have been filed with our registration statement on Form SB-2.

 

You may read and copy any contract, agreement or other document referred to in this prospectus and any portion of our registration statement or any other information from our filings at the Securities and Exchange Commission’s public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can request copies of these documents, upon payment of a duplicating fee, by writing to the Securities and Exchange Commission. Please call the Securities and Exchange Commission at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference rooms. Our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our registration statement, are also available to you on the Securities and Exchange Commission’s Web site, http://www.sec.gov.

 

We are subject to the information and reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, and file and furnish to our stockholders annual reports containing financial statements audited by our independent auditors, make available to our stockholders quarterly reports containing unaudited financial data for the first three quarters of each fiscal year, proxy statements and other information with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

You may read and copy any reports, statements or other information on file at the public reference rooms. You can also request copies of these documents, for a copying fee, by writing to the Commission.

 

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Table of Contents

 

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

    

Page


Report from Swenson Advisors, LLP, Independent Auditors

  

F-2

Report from Ernst & Young LLP, Independent Auditors

  

F-3

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2002, 2001, and (unaudited) March 31, 2003

  

F-4

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the (unaudited) three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002

  

F-5

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the (unaudited) three months ended March 31, 2003

  

F-6-8

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 and for the (unaudited) three months ended March 31, 2003 and 2002

  

F-9

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

  

F-10-26

 

F-1


Table of Contents

 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

 

The   Board of Directors and Stockholders
Path   1 Network Technologies Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2002, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity (deficit) and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2002. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audit. The consolidated financial statements of Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. as of December 31, 2001, were audited by other auditors whose report dated February 15, 2002, and included in this Form 10-K, on those statements included an explanatory paragraph describing conditions that raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2002, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2002, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1, the Company has incurred significant recurring operating losses, has an accumulated deficit of $30.6 million and needs to raise additional capital to fund its operations in 2003. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

/s/   SWENSON ADVISORS, LLP
An   Accountancy Firm

 

San   Diego, California
March   28, 2003

 

F-2


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REPORT OF ERNST & YOUNG LLP, INDEPENDENT AUDITORS

 

The   Board of Directors and Stockholders
Path   1 Network Technologies Inc.

 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. as of December 31, 2001, and the related consolidated statements of operations, stockholders’ equity and cash flows for the year then ended. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as, evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. at December 31, 2001, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.

 

The accompanying financial statements have been prepared assuming that Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. will continue as a going concern. As more fully described in Note 1, the Company has incurred recurring operating losses and has an accumulated deficit. These conditions raise substantial doubt about the Company’s ability to continue as a going concern. Management’s plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 1. The financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP

 

San   Diego, California
February   15, 2002

 

F-3


Table of Contents

 

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands of dollars, except for share data)

 

    

December 31,


    

March 31,

2003


 
    

2002


    

2001


    
                  

(unaudited)

 

Assets

                          

Current assets

                          

Cash and cash equivalents

  

$

396

 

  

$

1,181

 

  

$

424

 

Marketable securities, available for sale

  

 

 

  

 

552

 

  

 

—  

 

Accounts receivable, net

  

 

438

 

  

 

322

 

  

 

338

 

Inventory

  

 

393

 

  

 

78

 

  

 

285

 

Other current assets

  

 

15

 

  

 

207

 

  

 

196

 

    


  


  


Total current assets

  

 

1,242

 

  

 

2,340

 

  

 

1,243

 

Property and equipment, net

  

 

220

 

  

 

365

 

  

 

183

 

Assets of discontinued operations

  

 

 

  

 

702

 

  

 

—  

 

Debt issuance costs, net

  

 

107

 

  

 

 

  

 

209

 

Other assets

  

 

64

 

  

 

11

 

  

 

64

 

    


  


  


Total assets

  

$

1,633

 

  

$

3,418

 

  

$

1,699

 

    


  


  


Liabilities and Stockholders’ (Deficit) Equity

                          

Current liabilities

                          

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  

$

930

 

  

$

898

 

  

$

1,159

 

Accrued compensation and benefits

  

 

157

 

  

 

469

 

  

 

141

 

Liabilities of discontinued operations

  

 

 

  

 

702

 

  

 

—  

 

Current portion of notes payable

  

 

863

 

  

 

 

  

 

1,316

 

Deferred revenue

  

 

61

 

  

 

 

  

 

15

 

    


  


  


Total current liabilities

  

 

2,011

 

  

 

2,069

 

  

 

2,631

 

Notes payable

  

 

161

 

  

 

 

  

 

541

 

    


  


  


Total liabilities

  

 

2,172

 

  

 

2,069

 

  

 

3,172

 

    


  


  


Stockholders’ (deficit) equity

                          

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued or outstanding

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

—  

 

Common stock, $0.001 par value; Class A—40,000,000 shares authorized;
9,501,346, 8,299,126 and 9,637,346 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2002, December 31, 2001, and March 31, 2003, respectively

  

 

10

 

  

 

8

 

  

 

10

 

Common stock to be issued

  

 

12

 

  

 

 

  

 

12

 

Additional paid-in capital

  

 

30,126

 

  

 

26,801

 

  

 

30,393

 

Notes receivable from stockholders

  

 

 

  

 

(86

)

  

 

—  

 

Deferred compensation

  

 

(50

)

  

 

(276

)

  

 

(25

)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

  

 

 

  

 

(616

)

  

 

—  

 

Accumulated deficit

  

 

(30,637

)

  

 

(24,482

)

  

 

(31,863

)

    


  


  


Total stockholders’ (deficit) equity

  

 

(539

)

  

 

1,349

 

  

 

(1,473

)

    


  


  


Total liabilities and stockholders’ (deficit) equity

  

$

1,633

 

  

$

3,418

 

  

$

1,699

 

    


  


  


 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

 

F-4


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PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(in thousands of dollars, except for per share data)

 

    

Years Ended

December 31,


    

Three Months Ended

March 31,


 
    

2002


    

2001


    

2003


    

2002


 
                  

(unaudited)

    

(unaudited)

 

Revenues

                                   

Product sales

  

$

2,416

 

  

$

519

 

  

$

598

 

  

$

 

Contract services

  

 

116

 

  

 

1,450

 

  

 

63

 

  

 

154

 

License revenue

  

 

190

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

    


  


  


  


Total revenues

  

 

2,722

 

  

 

1,969

 

  

 

661

 

  

 

154

 

    


  


  


  


Cost of revenues

                                   

Cost of product sales

  

 

1,480

 

  

 

156

 

  

 

338

 

  

 

 

Cost of contract services

  

 

33

 

  

 

1,216

 

  

 

18

 

  

 

123

 

    


  


  


  


Total cost of revenues

  

 

1,513

 

  

 

1,373

 

  

 

356

 

  

 

123

 

    


  


  


  


Gross profit

  

 

1,209

 

  

 

596

 

  

 

305

 

  

 

31

 

    


  


  


  


Operating expenses, before depreciation and amortization

                                   

Engineering research and development

  

 

1,476

 

  

 

1,788

 

  

 

362

 

  

 

517

 

Sales and marketing

  

 

639

 

  

 

378

 

  

 

291

 

  

 

193

 

General and administrative

  

 

2,608

 

  

 

3,989

 

  

 

640

 

  

 

702

 

Litigation settlement (benefit)

  

 

 

  

 

(650

)

  

 

 

  

 

 

Stock-based compensation (benefit)

  

 

253

 

  

 

(3,111

)

  

 

25

 

  

 

100

 

    


  


  


  


Total operating expenses, before depreciation and amortization

  

 

4,976

 

  

 

2,394

 

  

 

1,318

 

  

 

1,512

 

    


  


  


  


Depreciation and amortization expense

                                   

Depreciation expense

  

 

236

 

  

 

253

 

  

 

42

 

  

 

35

 

Amortization expense

  

 

225

 

  

 

 

  

 

26

 

  

 

73

 

    


  


  


  


Total depreciation and amortization

  

 

461

 

  

 

253

 

  

 

68

 

  

 

108

 

    


  


  


  


Total operating expenses

  

 

5,437

 

  

 

2,646

 

  

 

1,386

 

  

 

1,620

 

    


  


  


  


Operating loss

  

 

(4,228

)

  

 

(2,050

)

  

 

(1,081

)

  

 

(1,589

)

Other expense

                                   

Interest income (expense), net

  

 

(1,019

)

  

 

93

 

  

 

(144

)

  

 

 

Restructuring charge

  

 

 

  

 

(221

)

  

 

 

  

 

 

Loss on sale of securities

  

 

(590

)

  

 

(677

)

  

 

 

  

 

(590

)

Other income (expense)

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

(1

)

  

 

 

    


  


  


  


Total other expense

  

 

(1,609

)

  

 

(805

)

  

 

(145

)

  

 

(590

)

    


  


  


  


Loss from continuing operations

  

 

(5,837

)

  

 

(2,855

)

  

 

(1,226

)

  

 

(2,179

)

Discontinued operations

  

 

(317

)

  

 

(1,829

)

  

 

 

  

 

(251

)

    


  


  


  


Net loss

  

$

(6,154

)

  

$

(4,684

)

  

$

(1,226

)

  

$

(2,430

)

    


  


  


  


Net loss per common share—basic and fully diluted

  

$

(0.71

)

  

$

(0.57

)

  

$

(0.13

)

  

$

(0.29

)

    


  


  


  


Weighted average common shares outstanding—basic and fully diluted

  

 

8,682

 

  

 

8,228

 

  

 

9,555

 

  

 

8,406

 

    


  


  


  


 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, US dollars, except for per share data)

For the year ended December 31, 2001

 

    

Series A. Convertible Preferred Stock


  

Common Stock Class A


  

Additional Paid-in Capital


      

Notes Receivable from Stockholders


      

Accumulated Comprehensive Income

(Loss)


    

Deferred Compensation


    

Accumulated Deficit


    

Total Stockholders’ Equity


 
    

Shares


  

Amount


  

Shares


  

Amount


                     

Balance at December 31, 2000

  

  

$

  

8,814

  

$

8

  

$

32,295

 

    

$

(114

)

    

$

228

 

  

$

(3,005

)

  

$

(19,798

)

  

$

9,614

 

Exercise of options to purchase common stock for cash

              

50

         

 

65

 

                                          

 

65

 

Repayment of Stockholder loans

                                     

 

171

 

                               

 

171

 

Exercise of options to purchase common stock in exchange for Stockholder notes

              

66

         

 

143

 

    

 

(143

)

                               

 

 

Issuance of stock options to consultants for services

              

         

 

(774

)

                                          

 

(774

)

Deferred compensation related to employee stock options

                          

 

(5,235

)

                        

 

5,235

 

           

 

 

Amortization of deferred compensation

                          

 

 

                        

 

(2,506

)

           

 

(2,506

)

Modification of employee stock options

                          

 

169

 

                                          

 

169

 

Issuance of warrants to consultants

                          

 

138

 

                                          

 

138

 

Comprehensive loss:

                                                                                 

Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2001

                                                                  

 

(4,684

)

  

 

(4,684

)

Unrealized loss on marketable securities

                                                

 

(844

)

                    

 

(844

)

Net comprehensive loss

                                                                           

 

(5,528

)

    
  

  
  

  


    


    


  


  


  


Balance at December 31, 2001

  

  

$

  

8,300

  

$

8

  

$

26,801

 

    

$

(86

)

    

$

(616

)

  

$

(276

)

  

$

(24,482

)

  

$

1,349

 

    
  

  
  

  


    


    


  


  


  


 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, US dollars, except for per share data)

For the year ended December 31, 2002

 

    

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock


 

Common Stock Class A


 

Additional Paid-in Capital


    

Notes Receivable from Stockholders


      

Accumulated Comprehensive Income

(Loss)


      

Deferred Compensation


    

Accumulated Deficit


    

Common Stock to Be Issued


  

Total Stockholders’ Equity


 
    

Shares


 

Amount


 

Shares


  

Amount


                         

Balance at December 31, 2001

              

8,300

  

$

8

 

$

26,801

    

$

(86

)

    

$

(616

)

    

$

(276

)

  

$

24,482

 

  

$

  

$

1,349

 

Exercise of options to purchase common stock for cash

              

51

  

 

0

 

 

58

                                                   

 

58

 

Repayment of Stockholder loans

                                  

 

86

 

                                        

 

86

 

Issuance of stock options to consultants for services

                         

 

50

                                                   

 

50

 

Amortization of deferred compensation

                                                        

 

226

 

                  

 

226

 

Issuance of stock in litigation settlement

              

100

  

 

0

 

 

545

                                                   

 

545

 

Issuance of stock to convertible note holders

              

1,016

  

 

1

 

 

1,108

                                            

 

12

  

 

1,121

 

Issuance of stock in disposition of Sistolic

              

35

  

 

0

 

 

61

                                                   

 

61

 

Discount on notes payable

                         

 

1,296

                                                   

 

1,296

 

Debt conversion costs

                         

 

207

                                                   

 

207

 

Realized loss on marketable securities

                                             

 

616

 

                             

 

616

 

Net loss for year ended December 31, 2002

                                                                 

 

(6,154

)

         

 

(6,154

)

    

 

 
  

 

    


    


    


  


  

  


Balance at December 31, 2002

  

$

 

$

 

9,501

  

$

10

 

$

30,126

    

$

 

    

$

 

    

$

(50

)

  

$

(30,637

)

  

$

12

  

$

(539

)

    

 

 
  

 

    


    


    


  


  

  


 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(in thousands, US dollars, except for per share data)

For the three months ended March 31, 2003 (unaudited)

 

    

Series A Convertible Preferred Stock


  

Common Stock Class A


  

Additional

Paid-in

Capital


    

Notes

Receivable

from

Stockholders


    

Accumulated

Comprehensive

Income (Loss)


    

Deferred

Compensation


    

Accumulated

Deficit


    

Common Stock

to be

Issued


  

Total

Stockholders’

Equity


 
    

Shares


  

Dollars


  

Shares


  

Dollars


                          

Balance at December 31, 2002

  

  

  

9,501

  

$

10

  

$

30,126

    

    

    

$

(50

)

  

$

(30,637

)

  

$

12

  

$

(539

)

Laurus conversions (unaudited)

            

136

  

 

0

  

 

108

                                           

 

108

 

Debt conversion expense (unaudited)

                        

 

65

                                           

 

65

 

Amortization of deferred comp (unaudited)

                                               

 

25

 

                  

 

25

 

Amortization of consultant options (unaudited)

                        

 

18

                                           

 

18

 

Note payable discount—Laurus LOC (unaudited)

                        

 

23

                                           

 

23

 

Note payable discount—HPC (unaudited)

                        

 

53

                                           

 

53

 

Net loss for three months ended March 31

                                                        

 

(1,226

)

         

 

(1,226

)

    
  
  
  

  

    
    
    


  


  

  


Balance at March 31, 2003

  

  

  

9,637

  

$

10

  

$

30,393

    

           

$

(25

)

  

$

(31,863

)

  

$

12

  

$

(1,473

)

    
  
  
  

  

    
    
    


  


  

  


 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in thousands of dollars, except for per share data)

 

    

Years Ended December 31,


    

Three Months

Ended March 31,


 
    

2002


    

2001


    

2003


    

2002


 
                  

(unaudited)

    

(unaudited)

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

                                   

Net loss

  

$

(5,837

)

  

$

(2,855

)

  

$

(1,226

)

  

$

(2,179

)

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

                                   

Depreciation and amortization

  

 

461

 

  

 

253

 

  

 

68

 

  

 

108

 

Amortization of deferred compensation

  

 

276

 

  

 

(3,111

)

  

 

43

 

  

 

100

 

Notes issued for salary reduction

  

 

33

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

Accretion of debt discount & debt conversion expense

  

 

1,124

 

  

 

 

  

 

172

 

  

 

 

Warrants issued for recruiting services

  

 

 

  

 

138

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

Restructuring charges

  

 

 

  

 

221

 

  

 

 

  

 

 

Loss on investment

  

 

590

 

  

 

5

 

  

 

 

  

 

596

 

Changes in assets and liabilities

                                   

Accounts receivable

  

 

(116

)

  

 

(252

)

  

 

100

 

  

 

61

 

Inventory

  

 

(315

)

  

 

(78

)

  

 

108

 

  

 

 

Other current assets

  

 

192

 

  

 

(100

)

  

 

(181

)

  

 

126

 

Other assets

  

 

(312

)

  

 

168

 

  

 

(128

)

  

 

 

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  

 

48

 

  

 

(1,547

)

  

 

228

 

  

 

(14

)

Accrued compensation and benefits

  

 

(328

)

  

 

294

 

  

 

(16

)

  

 

(53

)

Deferred revenue

  

 

60

 

  

 

(324

)

  

 

(45

)

  

 

75

 

    


  


  


  


Cash used in operations

  

 

(4,124

)

  

 

(7,189

)

  

 

(877

)

  

 

(1,180

)

    


  


  


  


Cash flows from investing activities:

                                   

Sale of marketable securities

  

 

578

 

  

 

2,917

 

  

 

 

  

 

578

 

Purchase of Metar ADC assets

  

 

 

  

 

(1,099

)

  

 

 

  

 

 

Purchase of property and equipment

  

 

(164

)

  

 

(383

)

  

 

(5

)

  

 

(90

)

    


  


  


  


Cash provided by (used in) investing activities

  

 

414

 

  

 

1,435

 

  

 

(5

)

  

 

488

 

    


  


  


  


Cash flows from financing activities:

                                   

Issuance of common stock

  

 

1,785

 

  

 

65

 

  

 

108

 

  

 

50

 

Issuance of convertible notes

  

 

1,371

 

  

 

 

  

 

802

 

  

 

 

Cash from extinguishment of shareholder notes

  

 

86

 

  

 

171

 

  

 

 

  

 

86

 

    


  


  


  


Cash provided by financing activities

  

 

3,242

 

  

 

236

 

  

 

910

 

  

 

136

 

    


  


  


  


Cash flows from continuing operations

  

 

(468

)

  

 

(5,518

)

  

 

28

 

  

 

(556

)

Cash flows from discontinued operations

  

 

(317

)

  

 

(473

)

  

 

 

  

 

(177

)

    


  


  


  


Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

  

 

(785

)

  

 

(5,990

)

  

 

28

 

  

 

(733

)

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period

  

 

1,181

 

  

 

7,171

 

  

 

396

 

  

 

1,181

 

    


  


  


  


Cash and cash equivalents, end of period

  

$

396

 

  

$

1,181

 

  

$

424

 

  

$

448

 

    


  


  


  


Supplemental cash flow disclosures:

                                   

Unrealized losses on marketable securities

  

$

 

  

$

(844

)

  

$

 

  

$

(7

)

    


  


  


  


Capitalized debt issuance costs in connection with beneficial conversion charges and warrants

  

$

1,373

 

  

$

 

  

$

76

 

  

$

 

    


  


  


  


Exercise of stock options for shareholder notes

  

$

 

  

$

143

 

  

$

 

  

$

 

    


  


  


  


Issuance of common stock in connection with Felber settlement

  

$

545

 

  

$

 

  

$

 

  

$

 

    


  


  


  


 

 

See accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements.

 

F-9


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

1. ORGANIZATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Organization and Business Activity

 

Path 1 Network Technologies Inc. (the Company) was incorporated in Delaware on January 30, 1998, under the name Millennium Network Technologies, Inc. On March 16, 1998, the Company changed its name to Path 1 Network Technologies Inc.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The Company’s consolidated financial statements include its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

 

Going Concern

 

In the period from January 30, 1998 (inception) through March 31, 2003, the Company incurred losses totaling $31.9 million. The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Company will continue as a going concern. This basis of accounting contemplates the recovery of the Company’s assets and the satisfaction of its liabilities in the normal course of conducting business. Management does not believe that the Company’s existing capital resources will enable the Company to fund operations for the next twelve months. Management’s plans are and have been to reduce costs in all areas of its operating plan until sufficient capital is raised to support growth and more substantial orders materialize; however, even with its cost reduction plan, the Company needs to raise additional funding to continue as a going concern. In the event the Company does not receive additional funding, the Company plans to: 1) further reduce costs and focus on selling existing products and services; 2) sell the Company’s assets through a merger or acquisition; or, 3) seek protection under bankruptcy. Without additional financing, the Company will be required to further delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of its research and development projects and significantly reduce its expenditures on product deployment, and may not be able to continue as a going concern. The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments to reflect the possible future effects on the recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that may result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

 

Interim Financial Statements

 

Our interim consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2003 and March 31, 2002, presented herein have been prepared by the Company without audit, pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information in footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations. However, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments (consisting of only normal recurring adjustment) which, in the opinion of management, are necessary to present fairly the consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Company for the interim periods presented.

 

Management Estimates and Assumptions

 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

F-10


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash, money market funds, and other highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The carrying value of these instruments approximates fair value.

 

Marketable Securities

 

The Company determines the appropriate classification of marketable securities at the time of purchase and reevaluates such designation as of each balance sheet date. Available-for-sale securities are stated at fair value as determined by the most recently traded price of each security at the balance sheet date. The net unrealized gains or losses on available-for-sale securities are reported as a component of comprehensive income. The specific identification method is used to compute the realized gains and losses on debt and equity securities.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying value of cash, cash equivalents, marketable investments, inventory, accounts payable, and accrued liabilities approximates their fair value.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment is stated at cost and depreciated over the estimated useful lives of the assets, ranging from two to five years, using the straight-line method.

 

Long Lived Assets

 

In October 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 (FAS 144), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. FAS 144 establishes a single model to account for impairment of assets to be held or disposed, incorporating guidelines for accounting and disclosure of discontinued operations. FAS 144 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001 and, generally, its provisions are to be applied prospectively.

 

In accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, the Company reviewed the carrying value on long-lived assets for evidence of impairment through comparison of undiscounted cash flows generated from those assets to the related carrying amounts of the assets. During the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company recorded an impairment charge of $689,000 related to the acquired technology in the Metar acquisition which is included in the caption “Loss from Discontinued Operations” in the Statement of Operations. (See Note 3, Discontinued Operations).

 

Income Taxes

 

Deferred income taxes result primarily from temporary differences between financial and tax reporting. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference between the financial statement bases and the tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates. A valuation allowance is established to reduce a deferred tax asset to the amount that is expected more likely than not to be realized.

 

F-11


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Product Revenue

 

Revenue from product sales is recognized when title and risk of loss transfer to the customer, generally at the time the product is delivered to the customer. Revenue is deferred when customer acceptance is uncertain or when undelivered products or services are essential to the functionality of delivered products. The estimated cost of warranties is accrued at the time revenue is recognized.

 

Contract Service Revenue

 

Revenue from support or maintenance contracts, including extended warranty programs, is recognized ratably over the contractual period. Amounts invoiced to customers in excess of revenue recognized on support or maintenance contracts are recorded as deferred revenue until the revenue recognition criteria are met. Revenue on engineering design contracts, including technology development agreements, is recognized on a percentage-of-completion method, based on costs incurred to date compared to total estimated costs, subject to acceptance criteria. Billings on uncompleted contracts in excess of incurred costs and accrued profits are classified as deferred revenue.

 

License Revenue

 

Revenues from license fees are recognized when persuasive evidence of a sales arrangement exists, delivery and acceptance have occurred, the price is fixed or determinable, and collectability is reasonably assured.

 

Allowances for Doubtful Accounts, Returns and Discounts

 

We establish allowances for doubtful accounts, returns and discounts based on credit profiles of our customers, current economic trends, contractual terms and conditions and historical payment, return and discount experience, as well as for known or expected events.

 

Warranty Reserves

 

We provide a limited warranty for our products. A provision for the estimated warranty cost is recorded at the time revenue is recognized. Liabilities for the estimated future costs of repair or replacement are established and charged to cost of sales at the time the related revenue is recognized. The amount of liability to be recorded is based on management’s best estimates of future warranty costs after considering historical and projected product failure rates and product repair costs.

 

Research and Development Expenses

 

Research and development expenditures are charged to expense as incurred. The Company expenses amounts paid to obtain patents or acquire licenses, as the ultimate recoverability of the amounts paid is uncertain.

 

Stock Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for stock-based compensation arrangements using the intrinsic value method in accordance with the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion (“APB”) 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS), Interpretation No. 28, Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans, and SFAS Interpretation No. 38, Determining the Measurement Date for Stock Option, Purchase, and Award Plans involving Junior Stock. The

 

F-12


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

Company also complies with the disclosure provisions of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.

 

The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees using the fair value method in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123 and Emerging Issues Task Issue No. 96-18, Accounting for Equity Instruments that are Issued to Other than Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services. In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure.” This statement amends FASB Statement No. 123 to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, the statement amends the disclosure requirements of Statement No. 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. The Company has made the required disclosure in the quarter ended March 31, 2003.

 

Equity instruments issued to non-employees that are fully vested and non-forfeitable are measured at fair value at the issuance date and expensed in the period over which the benefit is expected to be received. Equity instruments issued to non-employees which are either unvested or forfeitable, for which counter-party performance is required for the equity instrument to be earned, are measured initially at the fair value and subsequently adjusted for changes in fair value until the earlier of: 1) the date at which a commitment for performance by the counter-party to earn the equity instrument is reached; or, 2) the date on which the counter-party’s performance is complete.

 

The Company recorded a $253,000 non-cash charge related to stock-based compensation in 2002 and a non-cash benefit of $3.1 million in 2001.

 

See new accounting disclosure for SFAS No. 148, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure,” in Note 1.

 

Net Loss Per Share

 

Basic and diluted net loss per share has been computed in accordance with SFAS No. 128, Earnings Per Share, using the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period including any dilutive common stock equivalents. Common stock equivalents for the twelve months ended December 31, 2002 and 2001, consisting of options outstanding to purchase approximately 4,159,000 and 4,275,000 shares of common stock, respectively, were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because of the anti-dilutive effect.

 

Pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 98, common shares, if any, issued in each of the periods presented for nominal consideration would be included in the per share calculations as if they were outstanding for all periods presented. No such shares have been issued.

 

New Accounting Standards

 

In June 2001, FASB issued SFAS No. 141, Business Combinations and No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. Under the new rules, goodwill and indefinite lived intangible assets are no longer amortized but are reviewed annually for impairment. Separable intangible assets that are not deemed to have an indefinite life will continue to be amortized over their useful lives. The amortization provisions of SFAS No. 142 apply to goodwill and intangible assets acquired after June 30, 2001. As the Company did not have any goodwill on its

 

F-13


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

consolidated balance sheet, the adoption of SFAS No. 142 did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

In October 2001, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144 (FAS 144), Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. FAS 144 establishes a single model to account for impairment of assets to be held or disposed, incorporating guidelines for accounting and disclosure of discontinued operations. FAS 144 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001 and, generally, its provisions are to be applied prospectively. In 2001, management re-evaluated its investment in acquired technology, namely Sistolic, and recorded an impairment charge of $689,000 during the year ended December 31, 2001.

 

In April 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 145 (“SFAS 145”) Rescission of SFAS No. 4, 44 and 64, Amendment of SFAS No. 13, and Technical Corrections. SFAS No. 145 rescinds SFAS No. 4, Reporting Gains and Losses from Extinguishment of Debt, SFAS No. 44, Accounting for Intangible Assets of Motor Carriers, and SFAS No. 64, Extinguishments of Debt Made to Satisfy Sinking-Fund Requirements. SFAS requires, among other things, (i) that the modification of a lease that results in a change of the classification of the lease from capital to operating under the provisions of SFAS No. 13 be accounted for as a sale-leaseback transaction, and (ii) the reporting of gains or losses from the early extinguishment of debt as extraordinary items only if they met the criteria of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 30 (“APB No. 30”), Reporting the Results of Operations. The amendment of SFAS No. 13 is effective for transactions occurring on or after May 15, 2002. Although the rescission of SFAS No. 4 is effective January 1, 2003, the FASB has encouraged early application of the provisions of SFAS No. 145. Management has assessed the impact of this interpretation and believes it has no material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In July 2002, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 146 (“SFAS No. 146”), Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities (effective January 1, 2003). SFAS No. 146 replaces current accounting literature and requires the recognition of costs associated with exit or disposal activities when they are incurred rather than at the date of a commitment to an exit or disposal plan. Management has assessed the impact of this interpretation and believes it has no material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In November 2002, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 45, “Guarantor’s Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others.” This interpretation addresses the disclosures to be made by a guarantor in its interim and annual financial statements about its obligations under guarantees. This interpretation also clarifies the requirements related to the recognition of a liability by a guarantor at the inception of a guarantee for the obligations that the guarantor has undertaken in issuing that guarantee. Management has assessed the impact of this interpretation and believes it has no material effect on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

 

In December 2002, the FASB issued SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation—Transition and Disclosure. This statement amends FASB Statement No. 123 to provide alternative methods of transition for a voluntary change to the fair value based method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation. In addition, the statement amends the disclosure requirements of Statement No. 123 to require prominent disclosures in both annual and interim financial statements about the method of accounting for stock-based employee compensation and the effect of the method used on reported results. The Company has adopted this statement for the period ended March 31, 2003.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

The following table summarizes the impact on the Company’s consolidated net loss had compensation cost been determined based upon the fair value at the grant date for awards under the stock option plans consistent with the methodology prescribed under SFAS No. 123 (in thousands, except per share data):

 

    

Three Months Ended March 31,


 
    

2003 (unaudited)


    

2002 (unaudited)


 

Net loss, as reported

  

$

(1,226

)

  

$

(2,430

)

Plus: Stock-based employee compensation

  

 

(76

)

  

 

(42

)

    


  


Pro forma net loss

  

$

(1,301

)

  

$

(2,472

)

    


  


Basic and diluted loss per share:

                 

As reported

  

$

(0.13

)

  

$

(0.29

)

    


  


Pro forma

  

$

(0.14

)

  

$

(0.29

)

    


  


 

In January 2003, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 46. “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.” This interpretation clarifies the application of Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statement,” to certain entities in which equity investors do not have the characteristics of a controlling financial interest or do not have sufficient equity at risk for the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support from other parties. It further clarifies whether an entity shall be subject to consolidation according to the provisions of this interpretation, if by design, certain conditions exist. Management is assessing the impact of this interpretation.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior period financial statements to conform to current year presentation.

 

2. RESTRUCTURING CHARGES

 

During the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company recorded restructuring charges totaling $221,000, primarily due to severance costs related to a workforce reduction and subsidy costs related to subletting certain excess office space. The Company implemented the restructuring plan as a result of the completion of a certain third party funded development project and as a measure to improve its overhead cost structure.

 

The workforce reduction resulted in the involuntary termination of six employees, of which four were from the Company’s engineering research and development staff and two were from the Company’s management and administrative staff. The total charge recognized by the Company for the involuntary termination was approximately $93,000, of which approximately $81,000 had been paid prior to the end of the year.

 

3. DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

 

In March 2002, a large semiconductor company with whom the Company entered into a non-exclusive licensing agreement and an engineering services agreement in December 2001 informed the Company that it was terminating their agreements. The Company was in a payment dispute with this customer. As a result of this action, the Company decided to dispose of its Sistolic business unit. On April 3, 2002, the Company disposed of the assets of this business unit back to Metar ADC SRL, the Company’s former Romanian subsidiary, in exchange for the elimination of the remaining obligations by the Company to Metar ADC SRL and its affiliates,

 

F-15


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

including the payable of $686,000, the return of all stock options granted to an Executive and the Romanian employees, and a confirmation that performance criteria specified in such Executive’s employment agreement related to a potential $4 million bonus were never met by him. The Company also received a limited use license to the business unit’s intellectual property. Metar ADC SRL also received 35,000 shares of our common stock. The Executive resigned on March 27, 2002, as an officer of the Company in anticipation of this transaction.

 

The loss on disposal related to the Sistolic business unit for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 have been included in discontinued operations. We recorded a loss of $317,000 from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2002. Our loss from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2001 was $1,829,000.

 

The pro-forma financial information presented below is the unaudited consolidated statements of operations based on the assumption that the Company had not acquired the subsidiary in February 2001.

 

CONDENSED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended December 31, 2002

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

    

Consolidated


    

Sistolic


    

Pro forma Adjustments


  

Pro forma w/o Sistolic


 
    

(audited)

    

(unaudited)

    

(unaudited)

  

(unaudited)

 

Revenues

  

$

2,722

 

  

$

 

         

$

2,722

 

Cost of revenues

  

 

1,513

 

  

 

 

         

 

1,513

 

    


  


         


Gross profit

  

 

1,209

 

  

 

 

         

 

1,209

 

Operating expenses

  

 

5,754

 

  

 

317

 

  

(a)

$ (57)

  

 

5,380

 

    


  


         


Operating loss

  

 

(4,545

)

  

 

(317

)

         

 

(4,171

)

Other expense

  

 

(1,609

)

  

 

 

         

 

(1,609

)

    


  


         


Net loss

  

$

(6,154

)

  

$

(317

)

         

$

(5,780

)

    


  


         



(a)   Administrative costs incurred from disposal

 

CONDENSED PRO FORMA CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS

Year Ended December 31, 2001

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

    

Consolidated


    

Sistolic


    

Pro forma Adjustments


  

Pro forma w/o Sistolic


 
    

(audited)

    

(unaudited)

    

(unaudited)

  

(unaudited)

 

Revenues

  

$

2,219

 

  

$

250

 

       

$

1,969

 

Cost of revenues

  

 

1,583

 

  

 

210

 

       

 

1,373

 

    


  


       


Gross profit

  

 

636

 

  

 

40

 

       

 

596

 

Operating expenses

  

 

4,515

 

  

 

1,869

 

  

(a)$ (97)

  

 

2,549

 

    


  


       


Operating loss

  

 

(3,879

)

  

 

(1,829

)

       

 

(1,953

)

Other income (expense)

  

 

(805

)

  

 

 

  

(b) 101

  

 

(704

)

    


  


       


Net loss

  

$

(4,684

)

  

$

(1,829

)

       

$

(2,657

)

    


  


       



(a)   Administrative costs associated with additional personnel that would not otherwise have been needed
(b)   Interest expense related to the acquisition

 

F-16


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

4. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET CAPTIONS

 

    

December 31,


    

2002


  

2001


    

(in thousands

of dollars)

Other current assets:

             

Prepaid expenses and other

  

$

15

  

$

55

Receivable from escrow

  

 

  

 

152

    

  

    

$

15

  

$

207

    

  

 

4. COMPOSITION OF CERTAIN BALANCE SHEET CAPTIONS (CONTINUED)

 

    

December 31,


 
    

2002


    

2001


 
    

(in thousands of dollars)

 

Property and equipment:

                 

Computer equipment

  

$

394

 

  

$

374

 

Test equipment

  

 

390

 

  

 

357

 

Furniture and fixtures

  

 

66

 

  

 

57

 

    


  


    

 

850

 

  

 

788

 

Less accumulated depreciation

  

 

(630

)

  

 

(423

)

    


  


    

$

220

 

  

$

365

 

    


  


 

Depreciation expense for the Company’s property and equipment totaled $236,000 and $253,000, for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001.

 

    

December 31,


    

2002


  

2001


    

(in thousands of dollars)

Accounts payable and other accrued liabilities:

             

Accounts payable

  

$

722

  

$

122

Reserve for litigation

  

 

  

 

446

Other

  

 

208

  

 

330

    

  

    

$

930

  

$

898

    

  

 

5. MARKETABLE SECURITIES

 

Marketable securities available for sale consist primarily of corporate stock and corporate debt securities. The Company held no marketable securities at December 31, 2002. The costs and estimated fair market value of marketable securities as of December 31, 2001, are as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

    

Gross Amortized Cost


    

Gross Unrealized Gains


  

Estimated Unrealized Losses


  

Fair Value


Equity securities

  

$

1,168

    

$

0

  

$

616

  

$

552

    

    

  

  

    

$

1,168

    

$

0

  

$

616

  

$

552

    

    

  

  

 

F-17


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

At December 31, 2001, the Company had investments in equity securities and corporate debt securities of approximately $552,000 available for sale. The Company used the specific identification method in determining cost on these investments. For the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company had gross realized gains and losses from the sale of securities of $696,000 and $19,000, respectively. In January 2002, the Company sold its equity securities for a net loss of $590,000.

 

6. NOTES PAYABLE

 

In 2002, the Company received approximately $1,031,000 from a private placement of convertible notes with European investors (the “Euro notes”) who were existing Company stockholders. The notes carry a 4% annual coupon, paid quarterly in cash or stock, at our discretion, and are convertible for a one-year conversion term at a price of $1.20 per share. In addition, upon conversion, the note holder will be issued warrants equal to the number of shares to be issued.

 

Because the Euro notes’ conversion price was below the trading market price of stock on the day the Euro notes were issued, this resulted in an embedded, beneficial conversion element. As a result, we recorded a debt discount of $301,000 and this sum is being accreted over the life of the debt or sooner in the event of conversion. Through March 31, 2003, approximately 76% of the note holders converted their notes into the Company’s common stock. Upon conversion, the Company expensed warrants to purchase 674,654 shares of common stock at $1.60 per share for $293,000. The warrants are fully vested and expire in June 2007. In 2002, we recorded non-cash interest expense of $573,000 relating to amortization of debt discount and issuance of common stock warrants related to the Euro notes.

 

During 2002, the Company issued two convertible notes to The Laurus Master Fund (“Laurus”). In May 2002, we issued Laurus a 12%, 15-month convertible note in the principal amount of $1,250,000. The note is convertible at a price of $1.40 per share. The Company secured a three-month deferral of principal and interest under the note. In connection with the issuance of the 12% convertible note in May 2002, we issued to Laurus warrants to purchase 125,000 shares of common stock at $1.68 per share. The warrants are fully vested and expire on May 2009.

 

On November 7, 2002, we issued Laurus a 12% convertible note in the principal amount of $300,000. The note is convertible at a price of $0.85 per share and is payable on a monthly basis over 18 months. In connection with the issuance of the 12% convertible note in November 2002, the Company issued warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of common stock at $0.85 per share.

 

Because the Laurus notes’ conversion prices were below the trading market prices of the Company’s stock on the dates of issue, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We recorded a debt discount of $779,000 and this will be accreted over the life of the debt or sooner in the event of conversion. In 2002, we recorded non-cash interest expense of $421,000 relating to the accretion of debt discount and conversions related to the Laurus notes. The price at which these Laurus notes convert into our stock generally varies monthly in proportion to the price of our stock at the time of conversion, and is based generally on a trailing market price.

 

As part of the November 7, 2002 convertible note transaction, the Company also repriced the conversion price of the May 2002 convertible note and the 125,000 warrants (which had been purchased by the same investor) to $0.85 per share. The term of the May 2002 note was extended to May 7, 2004. The repricing resulted in a non-cash charge of $130,000 in the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2002 related to debt conversion expense. The Company will incur additional non-cash debt conversion expense in the future upon the conversion of both notes.

 

F-18


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

On February 14, 2003, the Company entered into a $1 million revolving line of credit with Laurus. This revolving line of credit (“the LOC”) is secured by the Company’s accounts receivables and other assets, and the Company has the ability to draw down advances under the LOC subject to limits. Under the terms of the LOC, Laurus can convert advances made to the Company into common stock at a fixed conversion price of $1.13 per share. In connection with the LOC, the Company issued warrants to purchase 75,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at $1.13 per share. The Company borrowed a $300,000 advance under the LOC. The Company recorded a non-cash debt discount of $23,000 in its quarter ended March 31, 2003.

 

On March 28, 2003, the Company signed a securities purchase agreement under which the Company can raise up to $1.5 million through the issuance of 7% convertible notes with a fixed conversion price of $.65 per share. In connection with notes issued under this Agreement, the Company issued a warrant to purchase up to 576,923 shares of the Company’s common stock at $1.00 per share. Pursuant to this Agreement, on March 28, 2003, the Company issued to Palisades Master Fund L.P. (“Palisades”) a note in the amount of $500,000, together with a warrant to purchase up to 192,308 shares of the Company’s common stock. Because the conversion price of this note was below the market price of our stock on the date the note was issued, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We recorded a non-cash debt discount of $53,000 related to this note in our quarter ended March 31, 2003. See Note 14 “Subsequent Events.”

 

The Company’s notes payable is as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

Short-term notes payable consist of the following at:

 

      

December 31,

2002


  

March 31,

2003


           

(unaudited)

European investors (less unamortized debt discount of $22,000 and $5,000 at December 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003, respectively) (1)

    

$

231

  

$

361

Laurus Master Fund Ltd. (less unamortized debt discount of $281,000 and 235,000 at December 31, 2002 and March 31, 2003, respectively) (2)

    

 

632

  

 

678

Laurus Master Fund Ltd. (less unamortized debt discount of $23,000) (3)

    

 

—  

  

 

277

      

  

      

$

863

  

$

1,316

      

  


(1)   Notes payable to European investors bear interest at 4.0% and are convertible into the Company’s stock at a rate of $1.20 per share.
(2)   These notes bear interest at 12.0% and are convertible into the Company’s common stock at a variable rate not to exceed $0.85 per share.
(3)   This note is a $1 million A/R secured revolving line of credit expiring in February, 2006 that bears interest at Prime + 1.75%, and drawn-down amounts are convertible into the Company’s stock at a rate of $1.13 per share.

 

F-19


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

Long-term notes payable consist of the following at:

 

      

December 31,

2002


    

March 31, 2003


 
             

(unaudited)

 

4% Euro notes due May 2003 (less unamortized debt discount of $22,000, convertible into 192,592 shares of common stock at December 31, 2002; and less unamortized debt discount of $5,000 and convertible into 192,259 shares of common stock at March 31, 2003)

    

$

231

 

  

$

361

 

12% Laurus Master Funds notes due May, 2004 (less unamortized debt discount of $358,000, convertible into a minimum of 933,625 shares of common stock at December 31, 2002; and less unamortized debt discount of $268,000, convertible into a minimum of 933,625 shares of common stock at March 31, 2003)

    

 

793

 

  

 

772

 

Laurus Master Funds $1 million line of credit (less unamortized debt discount $23,000, convertible into 265,487 shares of common stock)

    

 

—  

 

  

 

277

 

7% Palisades notes due March 2005 (less unamortized debt discount of 53000, convertible into 769,231 shares of common stock)

    

 

—  

 

  

 

447

 

Less: Current maturities included in current liabilities

    

 

(863

)

  

 

(1,316

)

      


  


      

$

161

 

  

$

541

 

      


  


 

Maturities of Long-term debt are as follows:

 

    

December 31, 2002


  

March 31, 2003


         

(unaudited)

2003

  

$

1,171

  

$

1,064

2004

  

 

233

  

 

642

2005

         

 

500

    

  

    

$

1,404

  

$

2,206

    

  

 

7. COMMITMENTS

 

The Company leases its office facilities and certain office equipment under operating lease agreements that expire at various times. The office lease expires in April 2005. The office lease is payable in monthly installments of approximately $19,000. Rent expense totaled $155,000 for the year ended December 31, 2002, and $288,000 for the year ended December 31, 2001.

 

Annual future minimum lease obligations for operating leases as of December 31, 2002 are as follows (in thousands of dollars):

 

Year Ended December 31,


  

Amount


2003

  

$

180

2004

  

 

189

2005

  

 

64

    

    

$

433

    

 

 

F-20


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

8. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

 

In April 1999, the Company amended its Certificate of Incorporation to authorize 10,000,000 shares of Class B Common Stock with a par value of $0.001 per share and reclassify the Company’s existing common stock as Class A Common Stock, bringing the Company’s authorized common stock to 20 million shares.

 

In October 2001, the Company effected its “option revision program” pursuant to which all outstanding options to purchase Class B Common Stock were surrendered at the election of the holders in exchange for new options to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock under the 2000 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan which new options have identical material provisions (e.g. exercise price and vesting schedule) to the surrendered Class B Common Stock options.

 

On December 31, 2001, the Company’s stockholders voted to amend our Articles of Incorporation to increase the Company’s authorized Common Stock to 40 million shares, and to reclassify our Class A Common Stock as Common Stock. As of December 31, 2002, the Company is authorized to issue 40 million Common shares, par value $.001 per share. (See Note 6, Notes Payable).

 

Preferred Stock

 

On December 31, 2001, our stockholders voted to amend our Articles of Incorporation to authorize the Company to issue Preferred Stock. The Company was authorized to issue 10 million preferred shares, par value $.001 per share. As of December 31, 2002, the Company was authorized to issue 10 million Preferred shares, $.001 par value per share. No such shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2002.

 

Private Placement Offerings

 

In April 1999, the Company completed a private placement offering under which it sold 419,500 shares of common stock at $4.00 per share to accredited investors, resulting in net cash proceeds totaling approximately $1.6 million. In connection with the offering, the Company granted options for the purchase of 20,975 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $4.00 per share through May 2009, to brokers as payment for finders fees and incurred other offering related expenses of $82,000.

 

In December 1999, the Company completed a private placement offering under which it sold 126,800 shares of common stock at $8.00 per share to accredited investors, resulting in net cash proceeds totaling approximately $962,000. These shares were purchased in an arms length transaction by private and institutional investors, none of whom had a significant beneficial interest before the placement. Further, none of these investors are affiliates of the Company. These shares were also subject to resale restrictions for one year as they were purchased in a private transaction. The cash proceeds of $8.00 per share were the highest price the Company was able to negotiate and still attract the funds. The resulting discount in price from the average price of OTC-Bulletin Board transactions for the period represents the associated discount for the resale restriction and the block of stock being offered. In connection with the offering, the Company granted options to purchase of 6,250 shares of Class A common stock with an exercise price of $8.00 per share through December 2006, to brokers as payment for finders fees and incurred other offering related expenses of $52,000.

 

Between January 1, 2000 and May 31, 2000, the Company sold 600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at $8.00 per share to accredited investors pursuant to a private placement offering that commenced in 1999, resulting in net cash proceeds totaling approximately $4.4 million. In connection with the offering, the Company granted options to purchase 30,000 shares of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $8.00 per share through February 2007 as payment for finder’s fees, and incurred other offering expenses of $379,000.

 

F-21


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

1999 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan

 

On August 3, 1999, the Company adopted the 1999 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “1999 Plan”) that provides for the grant of incentive and non-statutory stock options for the purchase of Class B Common Stock to employees, directors or consultants of the Company. The 1999 Plan, as amended, authorizes the Company to issue up to 3,500,000 shares of Class B common stock. The 1999 Plan provides that incentive stock options will be granted at no less than the fair value of the Company’s Class B common stock as determined by the Board of Directors at the date of the grant. The options generally vest and become exercisable either immediately or over one to four years. Generally, any unvested shares underlying unexercised options will be canceled in the event of termination of employment or engagement. Options expire no more than ten years after the date of grant, or earlier if the employment terminates or as determined by the Board of Directors.

 

In October 2001, the Company effected its “option exchange program” pursuant to which all outstanding options to purchase Class B Common Stock were surrendered at the election of the holders in exchange for new options to purchase shares of Class A Common Stock under the 2000 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan, thus effectively eliminating the 1999 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan.

 

2000 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan

 

Prior to the adoption of the 1999 Plan and outside of any existing stock option plan, the Company granted non-statutory stock options for the purchase of Class A Common Stock to employees, directors or consultants of the Company. On August 21, 2000, the Company adopted the 2000 Stock Option/Stock Issuance Plan (the “2000 Plan”) that provides for the grant of incentive and non-statutory stock options for the purchase of Class A Common Stock to employees, directors or consultants of the Company. The 2000 Plan, as approved by the Board, authorizes the Company to issue up to 4,260,000 shares of Class A Common Stock (now known as “Common Stock”). The options generally vest and become exercisable either immediately or over one to four years. Options expire no more than ten years after the date of grant, or earlier if the employment terminates or as determined by the Board of Directors.

 

The following table summarizes all options outstanding and exercisable as of December 31, 2002 (in thousands of US dollars, except year and per share data):

 

    

Outstanding


  

Exercisable


Exercise
Price Range


  

Options


    

Weighted-Avg. Remaining Contractual Life in Years


    

Weighted-Avg.
Exercise Price


  

Options


    

Weighted-Avg.
Exercise Price


$     0–1.25

  

938

    

$

4.58

    

$

0.81

  

669

    

$

0.72

$1.26–2.00

  

845

    

$

5.79

    

$

1.56

  

411

    

$

1.75

$2.01–4.15

  

760

    

$

5.92

    

$

3.74

  

273

    

$

3.47

$4.16–8.00

  

1,616

    

$

4.63

    

$

4.64

  

1,191

    

$

4.53

    
    

    

  
    

    

4,159

    

$

5.09

    

$

2.98

  

2,544

    

$

2.97

    
    

    

  
    

 

F-22


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

The following stock option activity includes the 1999 Plan and 2000 Plan as well as 539,713 options issued outside of the Plans. All stock option transactions are summarized as follows (in thousands of dollars, except per share data):

 

    

Options


      

Weighted-Avg.
Exercise Price


Outstanding at January 1, 1999

  

802

 

    

$

0.66

Granted

  

623

 

    

$

2.20

Forfeited

  

(208

)

    

$

2.00

Exercised

  

 

    

 

    

    

Outstanding at December 31, 1999

  

1,217

 

    

$

1.22

Granted

  

2,597

 

    

$

4.42

Forfeited

  

(249

)

    

$

4.35

Exercised

  

(210

)

    

$

0.60

    

    

Outstanding at December 31, 2000

  

3,355

 

    

$

3.49

Granted

  

4,332

 

    

$

4.26

Forfeited

  

(3,296

)

    

$

4.32

Exercised

  

(115

)

    

$

0.92

    

    

Outstanding at December 31, 2001

  

4,276

 

    

$

3.89

Granted

  

1,593

 

    

$

1.79

Forfeited

  

(1,659

)

    

$

4.27

Exercised

  

(51

)

    

$

1.13

    

    

Outstanding at December 31, 2002

  

4,159

 

    

$

2.98

    

    

Exercisable at December 31, 2002

  

2,544

 

    

$

2.97

    

    

 

Stock Based Compensation

 

During the twelve months ended December 31, 2002, the Company granted approximately 1,592,748 stock options to employees and consultants with vesting periods ranging from immediate to four years. In October 2001, all options to purchase shares of Class B Common Stock were exchanged for options to purchase the corresponding amount of shares of Class A Common Stock. The conversion of the Class B common stock options to Class A common stock options caused the final measurement date for all Class B options issued to employees and all Class B vested options issued to consultants. During the year ended December 31, 2001, the Company recaptured previously recorded stock-based compensation expense of approximately $3.1 million related to the final measurement of Class B options and previously recorded deferred compensation associated with Class A options outstanding to employees and consultants.

 

The Company has adopted the disclosure-only provision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock Based Compensation. Accordingly, no compensation expense has been recognized for the stock options issued to employees or directors in accordance with SFAS No. 123. If compensation expense had been determined consistent with SFAS No. 123, as compared to the intrinsic method in accordance with APB 25, the Company’s net loss would have been changed to the following pro forma amounts (in thousands of dollars except per share data):

 

    

2002


    

2001


 

Net loss; as reported

  

$

(6,154

)

  

$

(4,684

)

Net loss; pro forma

  

$

(6,328

)

  

$

(6,310

)

Net loss per share; as reported

  

$

(0.71

)

  

$

(0.57

)

Net loss per share; pro forma

  

$

(0.73

)

  

$

(0.77

)

 

F-23


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

The effects are not likely to be representative of the effects on pro forma net income or loss in future years.

 

The fair value of options granted in 2002 and 2001 are estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions: expected life of three to four years; expected dividend yield of zero percent; expected volatility of 86.1 percent for 2002; and 100 percent for 2001; and a risk-free interest rate of six percent for 2002 and 2001.

 

See Note 1 for pro forma disclosure of March 31, 2003 and 2002 stock compensation expense.

 

Common Shares Reserved for Future Issuance

 

At December 31, 2002, common shares reserved for future issuance under the 2000 Plan and non-Plan outstanding stock options consist of the following (in thousands):

 

    

2002


  

2001


Stock options issued and outstanding

  

4,159

  

4,276

Shares reserved for future issuance

  

621

  

600

Common stock warrants

  

902

  

27

    
  

Total reserved

  

5,682

  

4,903

    
  

 

9. INCOME TAXES

 

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets are shown below. A valuation allowance of approximately $11,815,000 has been recognized at December 31, 2002 to offset the deferred tax assets as realization of such assets is uncertain (in thousand of dollars):

 

    

2002


    

2001


 

Deferred tax assets:

                 

Net operating loss carryforwards

  

$

9,737

 

  

$

7,922

 

Research and development credits carryforwards

  

 

927

 

  

 

953

 

Deferred compensation

  

 

482

 

  

 

393

 

Capital loss carryforward

  

 

516

 

  

 

0

 

Other, net

  

 

153

 

  

 

80

 

    


  


Total deferred tax assets

  

 

11,815

 

  

 

9,348

 

Valuation allowance

  

 

(11,815

)

  

 

(9,348

)

    


  


Net deferred tax assets

  

$

 

  

$

 

    


  


 

At December 31, 2002, the Company has federal and California net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $23,000,000 and $18,200,000, respectively. The federal and California tax loss carryforwards will begin expiring in 2019 and 2009, respectively, unless previously utilized. The Company also has federal and California research tax credit carryforwards of approximately $580,000 and $533,000, respectively, which will begin to expire in 2019 unless previously utilized. The Company’s capital loss carryforwards of approximately $1,300,000 will begin to expire in 2006.

 

Pursuant to Internal Revenue Code Sections 382 and 383, the annual use of the Company’s net operating loss, and research tax credits, and capital loss carryforwards may be limited in the event of a cumulative change in ownership of more than 50% which occurs within a three year period.

 

 

F-24


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

10. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

 

In November 2000, the Company adopted a voluntary deferred compensation plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. Employees who are at least 21 years of age are eligible to participate in the plan. Under the terms of the plan, the Company can match thirty percent of an employee’s contribution, up to six percent of his or her annual salary. The Company made matching contributions of $32,000 to participating plan employees in 2001, and $3,847 for the period January 1, 2002, to March 29, 2002, when the Company ceased making matching contributions.

 

11. METAR ACQUISITION

 

In October 2000, the Company agreed to purchase the assets of Metar ADC, a Bucharest, Romania-based integrated circuit design company from Metar SRL. In February 2001, the Company concluded the purchase of assets of Metar ADC. Under the terms of the purchase agreement, the Company is to pay $2 million in cash for the assets of Metar ADC. The first $1 million was paid in February 2001. The second $1 million is payable over a three-year period on the anniversary date of technology acceptance as follows: $150,000 in year one, $250,000 in year two and $600,000 in year three. In October 2001, the Company paid the scheduled payment of $150,000. As of December 31, 2001, the Company had accrued the present value of the future payments of $686,000 as acquisition payable. The acquisition payable is included in the liabilities from discontinued operations.

 

12. SEGMENTS

 

Reportable Operating Segments

 

For the purpose of applying Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 131, management determined that it has one operating segment in 2002 following the disposal of the Sistolic business.

 

The reportable segments at December 31, 2001 are as follows.

 

Revenue, Operating Expenses and Net Loss


  

Year Ended December 31, 2001


 
    

Revenue


  

Expenses


  

Net loss


 
    

(in Thousands of Dollars)

 

Video Solutions

  

$

1,969

  

$

2,261

  

$

(292

)

Sistolic

  

 

250

  

 

1,390

  

 

(1,140

)

Corporate

  

 

  

 

3,252

  

 

(3,252

)

    

  

  


    

$

2,219

  

$

6,903

  

$

(4,684

)

    

  

  


 

Net Identifiable Fixed Assets:


    

December 31, 2001


      

(In Thousands of Dollars)

Video Solutions

    

$

324

Sistolic

    

 

117

Corporate

    

 

41

      

      

$

482

      

 

F-25


Table of Contents

PATH 1 NETWORK TECHNOLOGIES INC.

 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS    (Continued)

 

 

13. SUMMARY OF QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED, IN THOUSANDS OF DOLLARS, EXCEPT FOR SHARE DATA)

 

    

1st


    

2nd


    

3rd


    

4th


 

2002

                                   

Loss From Continuing Operations

  

$

(2,179

)

  

$

(1,477

)

  

$

(1,297

)

  

$

(884

)

Loss From Discontinued Operations

  

$

(251

)

  

$

(66

)

  

$

 

  

$

 

Net Loss

  

$

(2,430

)

  

$

(1,543

)

  

$

(1,297

)

  

$

(884

)

Basic and Diluted Loss Per Share

  

$

(0.29

)

  

$

(0.18

)

  

$

(0.15

)

  

$

(0.10

)

Net loss per common share from continuing operations

  

$

(0.26

)

  

$

(0.17

)

  

$

(0.15

)

  

$

(0.10

)

Net loss per common share from discontinued operations

  

$

(0.03

)

  

$

(0.01

)

  

$

 

  

$

 

Weighted Average Shares Used In Calculation

  

 

8,418

 

  

 

8,441

 

  

 

8,607

 

  

 

9,254

 

    


  


  


  


2001

                                   

Income (Loss) From Continuing Operations

  

$

(2,572

)

  

$

1,469

 

  

$

138

 

  

$

(1,890

)

Income (Loss) From Discontinued Operations

  

$

(983

)

  

$

(607

)

  

$

(373

)

  

$

134

 

Net Income (Loss)

  

$

(3,555

)

  

$

862

 

  

$

(235

)

  

$

(1,756

)

Basic and Diluted Income (Loss) Per Share

  

$

(0.43

)

  

$

0.11

 

  

$

(0.03

)

  

$

(0.21

)

Net income (loss) per common share from continuing operations

  

$

(0.31

)

  

$

0.18

 

  

$

0.02

 

  

$

(0.23

)

Net income (loss) per common share from discontinued operations

  

$

(0.12

)

  

$

(0.07

)

  

$

(0.05

)

  

$

0.02

 

Weighted Average Shares Used In Calculation

  

 

8,191

 

  

 

8,157

 

  

 

8,227

 

  

 

8,245

 

    


  


  


  


 

14. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (unaudited)

 

Pursuant to the March 28, 2003, securities purchase agreement under which the Company can raise up to $1.5 million through the issuance of 7% convertible notes with a fixed conversion price of $.65 per share, on April 4, 2003, the Company issued in favor of Crescent International Ltd. a note in the amount of $500,000, together with a warrant to purchase up to 192,308 shares of the Company’s common stock. Because the conversion price of this note was below the market price of our stock on the date the note was issued, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We will record a non-cash debt discount related to this note in our quarter ending June 30, 2003.

 

On May 15, 2003, the Company completed the remaining $500,000 round on its $1.5 million, 7% convertible notes financing pursuant to the March 28, 2003 securities purchase agreement. In this remaining round, the Company issued a total of $500,000, 7% convertible notes in favor of Palisades Master Fund, L.P., Crescent International, Ltd, Alpha Capital AG and Barucha, Ltd., together with warrants to purchase up to a total of 192,308 shares of the Company’s common stock. Because the conversion prices of these notes were below the market price of our stock on the date the notes were issued, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We will record a non-cash debt discount related to these notes in our quarter ending June 30, 2003.

 

On May 21, 2003, we entered into a securities purchase agreement with certain holders (the “Holders”) of our outstanding promissory notes. In connection with this Agreement, the Holders exchanged their promissory notes for new 7% convertible notes in an aggregate principal amount of $228,497 with a fixed conversion price of $0.65 per share. In addition, we issued warrants to purchase up to an aggregate of 87,883 shares of our common stock at $1.00 per share. Because the conversion prices of these notes were below the market price of our stock on the date the notes were issued, this resulted in an embedded beneficial conversion element. We will record a non-cash debt discount related to these notes in our quarter ending June 30, 2003.

 

F-26


Table of Contents

 

No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

 


 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

    

Page

Prospectus Summary

  

2

Summary Financial Information

  

4

Risk Factors

  

5

Forward-Looking Information

  

13

Use of Proceeds

  

13

Capitalization

  

14

Market for Common Stock and
Related Stockholder Matters

  

15

Dividend Policy

  

15

Selling Stockholders

  

16

Plan of Distribution

  

18

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

  

19

Management’s Discussion and Analysis
of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

  

20

Business

  

27

Management

  

33

Executive Compensation

  

37

Certain Relationships and Related
Transactions

  

43

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management

  

45

Description of Securities

  

46

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

  

49

Legal Matters

  

50

Experts

  

50

Where You Can Find More Information

  

50

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

  

F-1

 


 

 

 


 


 

9,551,997 Shares of Common Stock

 

Path 1 Network Technologies Inc.

 

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