Exhibit (a)(1)(vi)

GUIDELINES FOR CERTIFICATION OF TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION
NUMBER ON SUBSTITUTE FORM W-9

Guidelines for Determining the Proper Identification Number to Give the Payer — Social Security Numbers have nine digits separated by two hyphens:  i.e., 000-00-0000.  Employer Identification Numbers have nine digits separated by only one hyphen:  i.e., 00-0000000.  The table below will help determine the number to give the payer.

For this type of account:	Give the SOCIAL SECURITY number of —	For this type of account:	Give the EMPLOYER IDENTIFICATION number of —
1.   An individual’s account	The individual	8.Sole proprietorship account	The owner(4)
2.   Two or more individuals (joint account)	The actual owner of the account or, if combined funds, the first individual on the account(1)	9.A valid trust, estate or pension trust	The legal entity(5)
3.   Husband and wife (joint account)	The actual owner of the account or, if joint funds, the first individual on the account (1)	10.   Corporate account	The corporation
4.   Custodian account of a minor (Uniform Gift to Minors Act)	The minor(2)	11.   Religious, charitable, or educational organization account	The organization
5.   Adult and minor (joint account)	The adult or, if the minor is the only contributor, the minor(1)	12.   Partnership account held in the name of the business	The partnership
6.   Account in the name of guardian or committee for a designated ward, minor, or incompetent person	The ward, minor, or incompetent person(3)	13.   Association, club, or other tax-exempt organization	The organization
7. a.   The usual revocable savings trust account (grantor is also trustee)	The grantor-trustee(1)	14.   A broker or registered nominee	The broker or nominee
b.   So-called trust account that is not a legal or valid trust under state law	The actual owner(1)	15.   Account with the Department of Agriculture in the name of a public entity (such as a state or local government, school district, or prison) that receives agricultural program payments	The public entity

(1) List first and circle the name of the person whose number you furnish.  If only one person on a joint account has a social security number, that person’s number must be furnished.

(2) Circle the minor’s name and furnish the minor’s social security number.

(3) Circle the ward’s, minor’s or incompetent person’s name and furnish such person’s social security number.

(4) You must show your individual name, but you may also enter your business or “doing business as” name.  You may use either your social security number or employer identification number (if you have one).

(5) List first and circle the name of the legal trust, estate, or pension trust.  Do not furnish the taxpayer identification number of the personal representative or trustee unless the legal entity itself is not designated in the account title.

Note: If no name is circled when there is more than one name, the number will be considered to be that of the first name listed.

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Obtaining a Number

If you do not have a taxpayer identification number or if you do not know your number, obtain Form SS-5, Application for Social Security Card, or Form SS-4, Application for Employer Identification Number, at the local office of the Social Security Administration or the Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) and apply for a number.  Section references in these guidelines refer to sections under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

Payees specifically exempted from backup withholding include:

• An organization exempt from tax under Section 501(a), an individual retirement account (IRA), or a custodial account under Section 403(b)(7), if the account satisfies the requirements of Section 401(f)(2).

• The United States or a state thereof, the District of Columbia, a possession of the United States, or a political subdivision or wholly-owned agency or instrumentality of any one or more of the foregoing.

• An international organization or any agency or instrumentality thereof.

•   A foreign government or any political subdivision, agency or instrumentality thereof.  

Payees that may be exempt from backup withholding include:

• A corporation.

• A financial institution.

• A dealer in securities or commodities required to register in the United States, the District of Colombia, or a possession of the United States.

• A real estate investment trust.

• A common trust fund operated by a bank under Section 584(a).

• An entity registered at all times during the tax year under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.

• A middleman known in the investment community as a nominee or custodian.

• A futures commission merchant registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.

• A foreign central bank of issue.

•   A trust exempt from tax under Section 664 or described in Section 4947.  

Payments of dividends and patronage dividends not generally subject to backup withholding include the following:

• Payments to nonresident aliens subject to withholding under Section 1441.

• Payments to partnerships not engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. and which have at least one nonresident alien partner.

• Payments of patronage dividends where the amount received is not paid in money.

• Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

•   Section 404(k) payments made by an ESOP.  

Payments of interest not generally subject to backup withholding include the following:

• Payments of interest on obligations issued by individuals.  Note:  You may be subject to backup withholding if this interest is $600 or more and is paid in the course of the payer’s trade or business and you have not provided your correct taxpayer identification number to the payer.

• Payments of tax-exempt interest (including exempt-interest dividends under Section 852).

• Payments described in Section 6049(b)(5) to nonresident aliens.

• Payments on tax-free covenant bonds under Section 1451.

• Payments made by certain foreign organizations.

•   Mortgage or student loan interest paid to you.  

Exempt payees described above should file Substitute Form W-9 to avoid possible erroneous backup withholding.  FILE THIS FORM WITH THE PAYER, FURNISH YOUR TAXPAYER IDENTIFICATION NUMBER, WRITE “EXEMPT” IN PART 2 OF THE FORM, SIGN AND DATE THE FORM AND RETURN IT TO THE PAYER.

Certain payments other than interest, dividends, and patronage dividends, which are not subject to information reporting are also not subject to backup withholding.  For details, see the regulations under Sections 6041,6041A, 6045, 6050A and 6050N.

Privacy Act Notice.  — Section 6109 requires most recipients of dividend, interest, or certain other income to give taxpayer identification numbers to payers who must report the payments to the IRS.  The IRS uses the numbers for identification purposes and to help verify the accuracy of tax returns. The IRS may also provide this information to the Department of Justice for civil and criminal litigation and to cities, states and the District of Columbia to carry out their tax laws.  The IRS may also disclose this information to other countries under a tax treaty, or to Federal and state agencies to enforce Federal nontax criminal laws and to combat terrorism.  Payers must be given the numbers whether or not recipients are required to file tax returns.  Payers must generally withhold a portion of taxable interest, dividend, and certain other payments to a payee who does not furnish a taxpayer identification number to a payer.  Certain penalties may also apply.

Penalties

(1) Penalty for Failure to Furnish Taxpayer Identification Number. — If you fail to furnish your taxpayer identification number to a payer, you are subject to a penalty of $50 for each such failure unless your failure is due to reasonable cause and not to willful neglect.

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(2)  Civil Penalty for False Information with Respect to Withholding. — If you make a false statement with no reasonable basis which results in no imposition of backup withholding, you are subject to a penalty of $500.

(3) Criminal Penalty for Falsifying Information. — Willfully falsifying certifications or affirmations may subject you to criminal penalties including fines and/or imprisonment.

(4)  Misuse of Taxpayer Identification Numbers .— If the requester discloses or uses taxpayer identification numbers in violation of federal law, the requester may be subject to civil and criminal penalties.

FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTACT YOUR TAX CONSULTANT OR THE INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE.

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The Depositary for the Offer to Purchase is:

 If delivering by hand, express mail, courier, or other expedited service:   American Stock Transfer & Trust Co., LLC Operations Center Attn: Reorganization Department 6201 15^th Avenue Brooklyn, New York 11219    By mail:  
American Stock Transfer & Trust Co., LLC Operations Center Attn: Reorganization Department 6201 15^th Avenue Brooklyn, New York 11219  

DELIVERY OF THIS LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL TO AN ADDRESS OTHER THAN AS SET FORTH ABOVE WILL NOT CONSTITUTE A VALID DELIVERY TO THE DEPOSITARY.

Any questions or requests for assistance may be directed to the Information Agent at its telephone number and location listed below. Requests for additional copies of this Offer to Purchase and the Letter of Transmittal may be directed either to the Information Agent at their telephone number and location listed below. You may also contact your broker, dealer, commercial bank or trust company or other nominee for assistance concerning the Offer.

The Information Agent for the Offer is:

AST Fund Solutions, LLC

Call Toll Free: 866 796-6869

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