REVENUE RECOGNITION

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2021

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE RECOGNITION

REVENUE RECOGNITION

Disaggregated Revenue

The following table presents the disaggregation of our revenue for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2021		2020		2021		2020
Fixed fee license revenue	$	1,247	$	1,243	$	4,346	$	3,821
Per-unit royalty revenue	5,821		6,288		20,671		15,485
Total royalty and license revenue	7,068		7,531		25,017		19,306
Development, services, and other revenue	105		65		325		215
Total revenue	$	7,173	$	7,596	$	25,342	$	19,521

Per-unit Royalty Revenue

We record per-unit royalty revenue in the same period in which the licensee’s underlying sales occur. As we generally do not receive the per-unit licensee royalty reports for sales during a given quarter within the time frame that allows us to adequately review the reports and include the actual amounts in our quarterly results for such quarter, we accrue the related revenue based on estimates of our licensees’ underlying sales, subject to certain constraints on our ability to estimate such amounts. We develop such estimates based on a combination of available data including, but not limited to, approved customer forecasts, a look back at historical royalty reporting for each of our customers, and industry information available for the licensed products.

As a result of accruing per-unit royalty revenue for the quarter based on such estimates, adjustments will be required in the following quarter to true up revenue to the actual amounts reported by our licensees. In the three months ended September 30, 2021, we recorded adjustments of $0.5 million to decrease royalty revenue. We recorded adjustments of $0.3 million to increase royalty revenue during the three months ended September 30, 2020.

Contract Assets

As of September 30, 2021, we had contract assets of $10.8 million included within Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and $2.5 million included within Other assets, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31,

2020, we had contract assets of $11.6 million included within Prepaid expenses and other current assets, and $4.6 million included within Other assets, on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Contract assets decreased by $3.0 million from December 31, 2020 to September 30, 2021, primarily due to actual royalties billed during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Fixed Fee License Revenue

We recognize revenue from a fixed fee license agreement when we have satisfied our performance obligations, which typically occurs upon the transfer of rights to our technology upon the execution of the license agreement. However, in certain contracts, we grant a license to our existing patent portfolio at the inception of the license agreement as well as rights to the portfolio as it evolves throughout the contract term. For such arrangements, we have concluded that there are two separate performance obligations:

• Performance Obligation A: to transfer rights to our patent portfolio as it exists when the contract is executed.

• Performance Obligation B: to transfer rights to our patent portfolio as it evolves over the term of the contract, including access to new patent applications that the licensee can benefit from over the term of the contract.

If a fixed fee license agreement contains only Performance Obligation A, we recognize most or all of the revenue from the agreement at the inception of the contract. For fixed fee license agreements that contain both Performance Obligation A and B, we allocate the transaction price based on the standalone price for each of the two performance obligations. We use a number of factors primarily related to the attributes of our patent portfolio to estimate standalone prices related to Performance Obligation A and B. Once the transaction price is allocated, the portion of the transaction price allocable to Performance Obligation A is recognized in the period the license agreement is signed and the customer can benefit from rights provided in the contract. The portion allocable to Performance Obligation B is recognized on a straight-line basis over the contract term. For such contracts, a contract liability account is established and included within Deferred revenue on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As the rights and obligations in a contract are interdependent, contract assets and contract liabilities that arise in the same contract are presented on a net basis.

Based on contracts signed and payments received as of September 30, 2021, we expect to recognize $22.7 million in revenue related to Performance Obligation B under our fixed fee license agreements, which is satisfied over time, including $14.1 million over one to three years and $8.6 million over more than three years.

Capitalized Contract Costs

During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, we capitalized $14,000 and $0.2 million of incremental costs incurred to obtain new contracts with customers, respectively.