Segment Information

6 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2020

Our reportable segments are:

•Financial Services, which consists of our banking and insurance operating segments;

•Healthcare, which consists of our healthcare and life sciences operating segments;

•Products and Resources, which consists of our retail and consumer goods; manufacturing, logistics, energy, and utilities; and travel and hospitality operating segments;

•Communications, Media and Technology, which includes our communications and media operating segment and our technology operating segment.

Our sales managers, account executives, account managers and project teams are aligned in accordance with the specific industries they serve. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company's performance and allocates resources based on segment revenues and operating profit. Segment operating profit is defined as income from operations before unallocated costs. Generally, operating expenses for each operating segment have similar characteristics and are subject to the same factors, pressures and challenges. However, the economic environment and its effects on industries served by our operating segments may affect revenues and operating expenses to differing degrees.

Expenses included in segment operating profit consist principally of direct selling and delivery costs (including stock-based compensation expense) as well as a per employee charge for use of our global delivery centers and infrastructure. Certain SG&A expenses, the excess or shortfall of incentive-based compensation for commercial and delivery personnel as compared to target, restructuring costs, COVID-19 Charges, costs related to the ransomware attack, a portion of depreciation and amortization and the impact of the settlements of our cash flow hedges are not allocated to individual segments in internal management reports used by the chief operating decision maker. Accordingly, such expenses are excluded from segment operating profit and are included below as “unallocated costs” and adjusted against our total income from operations. The incremental accrual related to the India Defined Contribution Obligation recorded in the first quarter of 2019 has been excluded from segment operating profits for the six months ended June 30, 2019 and is included in "unallocated costs" in the table below. Additionally, management has determined that it is not practical to allocate identifiable assets by segment, since such assets are used interchangeably among the segments.

For revenues by reportable segment and geographic area, please see Note 2.

Segment operating profits by reportable segment were as follows:


	Three Months Ended June 30,						Six Months Ended June 30,
	2020		2019		2020		2019
	(in millions)
Financial Services	$	365	407		$	746	$	807
Healthcare	305		314		626		651
Products and Resources	237		255		498		489
Communications, Media and Technology	174		184		364		358
Total segment operating profit	1,081		1,160		2,234		2,305
Less: unallocated costs	614		541		1,188		1,147
Income from operations	$	467	$	619	$	1,046	$	1,158

Geographic Area Information

Long-lived assets by geographic area are as follows:


	As of
	June 30, 2020		December 31, 2019
	(in millions)
Long-lived Assets: ⁽¹⁾
North America⁽²⁾	$	423	$	445
Europe	105		104
Rest of World ⁽³⁾	817		760
Total	$	1,345	$	1,309

(1)Long-lived assets include property and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization.

(2)Substantially all relates to the United States.

(3)Substantially all relates to India.