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Income Taxes
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Income Taxes [Abstract]  
Income Taxes 7. Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2020, was -3.4%, a decrease from 22.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2019, primarily due to excess tax benefits recognized in connection with stock-based compensation.

On March 27, 2020, President Trump signed into law the Coronavirus Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”). Intended to provide economic relief to those impacted by the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the CARES Act includes provisions, among others, addressing the carryback of net operating losses for specific periods, refunds of alternative minimum tax credits, temporary modifications to the limitations placed on the tax deductibility of net interest expenses, and technical amendments for qualified improvement property (“QIP”). Additionally, the CARES Act, in efforts to enhance business’ liquidity, provides for refundable employee retention tax credits and the deferral of the employer-paid portion of social security taxes.

As of March 31, 2020, we have elected to defer the employer-paid portion of social security taxes. Additionally, as a result of the technical amendments made by the CARES Act to QIP, we are presently estimating the acceleration of depreciation expenses. These accelerated tax depreciation expenses of $32,256, in addition to the deferral of employer-paid social security taxes of $830, represent temporary book-to-tax timing differences (i.e., no effective tax rate impact) for income tax purposes and are recorded as components within our deferred income tax liabilities and income tax receivable on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.

We intend to claim the refundable employee retention tax credits provided under the CARES Act, which can be used to offset payroll tax liabilities. We are still estimating the potential benefits that the employee retention tax credits can provide, however we do not expect that they will have a material impact on our financial statements. Further, we are continuing to examine additional impacts that the CARES Act may have on our U.S. business, and we are currently evaluating the potential tax-related incentives offered in Canada, France, Germany and the United Kingdom, where our operations have also been impacted by COVID-19.