EXIT ACTIVITIES AND RESTRUCTURING LIABILITIES

During 2019 and 2018, we recorded exit activity charges due to ceasing use of office and data center space. We include initial charges and plan adjustments in "Exit activities, restructuring and impairments" in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018.

The following table displays the transactions and balances for exit activities and restructuring charges during the nine months ended September 30, 2019 and 2018 (in thousands). Our real estate and severance obligations are substantially related to our INAP US segment.



	Balance										Balance
	December 31, 2018		Initial Charges ⁽¹⁾		Plan Adjustments			Cash Payments			September 30, 2019
Activity for 2019 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	$	—	$	1,629	$	(115	)	$	(1,098	)	$	416
Activity for 2018 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	1,922		—		186			(2,108		)	—
Activity for 2017 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	100		—		(10		)	(90		)	—
Activity for 2016 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	125		—		16			(116		)	25
Activity for 2015 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligation	27		—		29			(49		)	7
Service contracts	221		—		30			(149		)	102
Activity for 2014 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligation	206		—		54			(260		)	—
	$	2,601	$	1,629	$	190		$	(3,870	)	$	550

^{(1) Additional expense related to the disposal of leasehold improvements of $3,345 was recorded for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019 and not included in the table above.}



	Balance									Balance
	December 31, 2017		Initial Charges		Plan Adjustments		Cash Payments			September 30, 2018
Activity for 2018 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	$	—	$	1,821	$	902	$	(961	)	$	1,762
Activity for 2017 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligations	3,380		—		220		(2,747		)	853
Activity for 2016 restructuring charge:
Severance	46		—		35		(35		)	46
Real estate obligations	247		—		29		(122		)	154
Activity for 2015 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligation	64		—		8		(36		)	36
Service contracts	388		—		22		(148		)	262
Activity for 2014 restructuring charge:
Real estate obligation	691		—		161		(548		)	304
	$	4,816	$	1,821	$	1,377	$	(4,597	)	$	3,417