<?xml version="1.0"?>
<ownershipDocument>

    <schemaVersion>X0203</schemaVersion>

    <documentType>3</documentType>

    <periodOfReport>2010-09-24</periodOfReport>

    <noSecuritiesOwned>0</noSecuritiesOwned>

    <issuer>
        <issuerCik>0001316175</issuerCik>
        <issuerName>Anthera Pharmaceuticals Inc</issuerName>
        <issuerTradingSymbol>ANTH</issuerTradingSymbol>
    </issuer>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001055951</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>ORBIMED ADVISORS LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>767 3RD AVENUE</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2>30TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>NEW YORK</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>NY</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>10017</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001502240</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>OrbiMed Capital GP IV LLC</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>767 THIRD AVENUE, 30TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2></rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>NEW YORK</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>NY</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>10017</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <reportingOwner>
        <reportingOwnerId>
            <rptOwnerCik>0001055949</rptOwnerCik>
            <rptOwnerName>ISALY SAMUEL D</rptOwnerName>
        </reportingOwnerId>
        <reportingOwnerAddress>
            <rptOwnerStreet1>767 THIRD AVENUE, 30TH FLOOR</rptOwnerStreet1>
            <rptOwnerStreet2></rptOwnerStreet2>
            <rptOwnerCity>NEW YORK</rptOwnerCity>
            <rptOwnerState>NY</rptOwnerState>
            <rptOwnerZipCode>10017</rptOwnerZipCode>
            <rptOwnerStateDescription></rptOwnerStateDescription>
        </reportingOwnerAddress>
        <reportingOwnerRelationship>
            <isDirector>0</isDirector>
            <isOfficer>0</isOfficer>
            <isTenPercentOwner>1</isTenPercentOwner>
            <isOther>0</isOther>
            <officerTitle></officerTitle>
            <otherText></otherText>
        </reportingOwnerRelationship>
    </reportingOwner>

    <nonDerivativeTable>
        <nonDerivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <postTransactionAmounts>
                <sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
                    <value>3429834</value>
                </sharesOwnedFollowingTransaction>
            </postTransactionAmounts>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See Footnotes</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F4"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </nonDerivativeHolding>
    </nonDerivativeTable>

    <derivativeTable>
        <derivativeHolding>
            <securityTitle>
                <value>Warrant to Purchase Common Stock</value>
            </securityTitle>
            <conversionOrExercisePrice>
                <value>3.30</value>
            </conversionOrExercisePrice>
            <exerciseDate>
                <value>2010-09-24</value>
            </exerciseDate>
            <expirationDate>
                <value>2015-09-24</value>
            </expirationDate>
            <underlyingSecurity>
                <underlyingSecurityTitle>
                    <value>Common Stock</value>
                </underlyingSecurityTitle>
                <underlyingSecurityShares>
                    <value>1333334</value>
                </underlyingSecurityShares>
            </underlyingSecurity>
            <ownershipNature>
                <directOrIndirectOwnership>
                    <value>I</value>
                </directOrIndirectOwnership>
                <natureOfOwnership>
                    <value>See Footnotes</value>
                    <footnoteId id="F1"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F2"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F3"/>
                    <footnoteId id="F4"/>
                </natureOfOwnership>
            </ownershipNature>
        </derivativeHolding>
    </derivativeTable>

    <footnotes>
        <footnote id="F1">The shares of Common Stock (&quot;Shares&quot;) reported herein as indirectly beneficially owned by OrbiMed Capital GP IV LLC (&quot;OrbiMed Capital&quot;), OrbiMed Advisors LLC (&quot;OrbiMed Advisors&quot;) and Samuel D. Isaly (&quot;Isaly&quot;) are directly owned by Caduceus Private Investments IV, LP (&quot;Caduceus) and each of OrbiMed Capital, OrbiMed Advisors and Isaly may be deemed to have a pecuniary interest in Shares beneficially owned by Caduceus. This Form 3 is being jointly filed by OrbiMed Capital, OrbiMed Advisors and Isaly.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F2">OrbiMed Capital is the sole general partner of Caduceus. OrbiMed Advisors is a registered adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and the sole managing member of OrbiMed Capital GP IV. OrbiMed Advisors and OrbiMed Capital may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the Shares and the Warrant (as defined in Footnote 4 below) reported herein by virtue of such relationships and the authority of OrbiMed Capital to direct the vote and disposition of the Shares and the Warrant held by Caduceus. Isaly, a natural person, may be deemed to have beneficial ownership of the Shares and the Warrant reported herein in his capacity as the holder of a controlling interest in OrbiMed Advisors.</footnote>
        <footnote id="F3">Caduceus holds a warrant to purchase 1,333,334 shares of Common Stock (&quot;Warrant&quot;).</footnote>
        <footnote id="F4">Each of OrbiMed Advisors, OrbiMed Capital GP IV and Isaly disclaims beneficial ownership of the securities reported herein for purposes of Rule 16a-1(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &quot;Exchange Act&quot;), except to the extent of its or his pecuniary interest therein, if any. This report shall not be deemed an admission that the Reporting Persons are beneficial owners for the purpose of Section 16 of the Exchange Act, or for any other purpose.</footnote>
    </footnotes>

    <remarks></remarks>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>OrbiMed Advisors LLC, /s/ Samuel D. Isaly, Managing Member</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2010-10-04</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>OrbiMed Capital GP IV LLC, By: OrbiMed Advisors LLC, /s/Samuel D. Isaly, Managing Member</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2010-10-04</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>

    <ownerSignature>
        <signatureName>Samuel D. Isaly, /s/ Samuel D. Isaly</signatureName>
        <signatureDate>2010-10-04</signatureDate>
    </ownerSignature>
</ownershipDocument>
