18. Income taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Significant components of deferred tax assets

	December 31,
	2013			2012
Net operating loss carryforward	$	21,492,311		$	18,050,294
Amortization		(823,367	)		(580,145	)
Stock option compensation		5,841,333			904,334
Deferred compensation		1,563,754			883,794
Deferred state tax		(1,904,277	)		(477,307	)
Other		105,179			449,209
Valuation allowance		(26,274,933	)		(19,230,179	)
Net deferred tax asset	$	–		$	–

Summary of Operating Loss Carryforwards

	December 31,
	2013		2012
Combined NOL Carryforwards:
Federal	$	47,728,300	$	40,240,679
California		44,482,850		36,995,229

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

	2013					2012
Rate reconciliation:
Federal tax benefit at statutory rate	$	(922,591	)	(35.0%	)	$	(2,578,121	)	(35.0%	)
State tax, net of Federal benefit		(761,237	)	28.9%			(782,767	)	10.6%
Change in valuation allowance		7,044,754		(267.3%	)		5,495,845		(74.6%	)
Derivative accounting and other		(5,360,926	)	273.4%			(2,134,957	)	99.0%
Total provision	$	–		–%		$	–		–%