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SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES

  

NOTE 1 - SUMMARY OF ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

A summary of the significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of the accompanying consolidated financial statements follows.

 

Business and Basis of Presentation

 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Surge Global Energy, Inc., its wholly owned subsidiaries, Surge Energy Resources, Inc., Cold Flow Energy ULC, and 1294697 Alberta Ltd., (collectively the “Company”). 1294697 Alberta Ltd. does not have any ongoing business operations at this time.

 

The Company’s Canadian subsidiaries are carried in their Canadian dollar functional currency and are presented in U.S. dollars upon consolidation. Any gain or loss on conversion into U.S. dollars is reflected in other comprehensive income. All amounts stated in these financial statements are in $US unless otherwise noted.

 

In January 2005, the Company began implementing plans to establish an oil and gas development business. As a result, the Company is an exploration stage enterprise, as defined by ASC 915 (formerly Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 7 (“SFAS 7”)) and is now seeking to explore the acquisition and development of oil and gas properties in the United States and Canada. From its inception of exploration stage through the date of these financial statements, the Company has not generated any revenues from oil and gas operations and has incurred significant operating expenses. Consequently, its operations are subject to all risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise.

 

For the period from January 1, 2005 (inception of exploration stage) through December 31, 2011, the Company has accumulated exploration stage losses of $39,690,278. The Company will cease to be an exploration stage oil and gas corporation once it commences oil and gas drilling, exploration, and production of oil and gas properties.

 

Management Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, as well as certain financial statement disclosures. While management believes that the estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of the financial statements are appropriate, actual results could differ from these estimates.

 

Oil and Gas Properties

 

The Company follows the full cost accounting method to account for oil and natural gas properties, whereby costs incurred in the acquisition, exploration and development of oil and gas reserves are capitalized. Such costs include lease acquisition, geological and geophysical activities, rentals on non-producing leases, drilling, completing and equipping of oil and gas wells and administrative costs directly attributable to those activities and asset retirement costs. Disposition of oil and gas properties are accounted for as a reduction of capitalized costs, with no gain or loss recognized unless such adjustment would significantly alter the relationship between capital costs and proved reserves of oil and gas, in which case the gain or loss is recognized to income.

 

The capitalized costs of oil and gas properties, excluding unevaluated and unproved properties, are amortized using the units-of-production method based on estimated proved recoverable oil and gas reserves. Amortization of unevaluated and unproved property costs begins when the properties become proved or their values become impaired. Impairment of unevaluated and unproved prospects is assessed periodically based on a variety of factors, including management’s intention with regard to future exploration and development of individually significant properties and the ability of the Company to obtain funds to finance such exploration and development.

 

Under full cost accounting rules for each cost center, capitalized costs of evaluated oil and gas properties, including asset retirement costs, less accumulated amortization and related deferred income taxes, may not exceed an amount (the “cost ceiling”) equal to the sum of (a) the present value of future net cash flows from estimated the production of proved oil and gas reserves, based on current economic and operating conditions, discounted at 10%, plus (b) the cost of properties not being amortized, plus (c) the lower of cost or estimated fair value of any unproved properties included in the costs being amortized, less (d) any income tax effects related to differences between the book and tax basis of the properties involved.

 

If capitalized costs exceed this limit, the excess is charged to earnings.

 

Given the volatility of oil and gas prices, it is reasonably possible that the estimate of discounted future net cash flows from proved oil and gas reserves could change in the near term. If oil and gas prices decline in the future, even if only for a short period of time, it is possible that additional impairments of oil and gas properties could occur. In addition, it is reasonably possible that additional impairments could occur if costs are incurred in excess of any increases in the present value of future net cash flows from proved oil and gas reserves, or if properties are sold for proceeds less than the discounted present value of the related proved oil and gas reserves.

 

Investment in unconsolidated subsidiary

 

Investee entities that the Company can exercise significant influence, but not control, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Whether the Company exercises significant influence with respect to an investee depends on an evaluation of several factors, among others, representation of the Company’s board of directors and ownership level, generally 20% to 50% interest in the voting securities of the company including voting rights associated with the Company’s holdings in common, preferred and other convertible instruments in the company. Under the equity method of accounting, the Company’s share of the earnings or losses of these companies is included in the equity income (loss) section of the consolidated statements of operations. A loss in value of an investment that is other than a temporary decline is recognized as a charge to operations. Evidence of a loss in value might include, but would not necessarily be limited to, absence of an ability to recover the carrying amount of the investment or inability of the investee to sustain an earnings capacity that would justify the carrying amount of the investment. The Company had no unconsolidated subsidiaries in which it held equity interests of over 20% as of December 31, 2011 or December 31, 2010.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

For purposes of the Balance Sheet and Statements of Cash Flows, the Company considers all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with a maturity date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company has total cash of $14,659, of which $4,633 is in cash in an account maintained by a U.S. bank, all of which is subject to up to $250,000 of FDIC insurance, and $10,026 in a U.S. money market fund.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term borrowings, as reflected in the balance sheets, approximate fair value because of the short-term maturity of these instruments.

 

Income Taxes

 

Income taxes are provided based on the liability method for financial reporting purposes. Under this method deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be removed or settled.

 

Marketable securities

 

All investment securities are classified as either as available-for-sale or trading, and are carried at fair value or quoted market prices. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities losses are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. Amortization, accretion, interest and dividends, realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are recorded in other income. This evaluation depends on the specific facts and circumstances. Factors that we consider in determining whether an other-than-temporary decline in value has occurred include: the market value of the security in relation to its cost basis; the financial condition of the investee; and the intent and ability to retain the investment for a sufficient period of time to allow for possible recovery in the market value of the investment.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

Assets and liabilities in foreign currency are translated at the rates of exchange at the balance sheet date, and related revenue and expenses are translated at average monthly exchange rates in effect during the period. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as a separate component in stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in the statements of operations.

 

Going Concern

 

As shown in the accompanying consolidated financial statements, the Company incurred losses from continuing operations before taxes of $535,806 and $1,050,802 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company’s cash position as of December 31, 2011 was $14,659 compared with $454 at December 31, 2010, an increase of $14,205. The Company’s current liabilities, on a consolidated basis, exceeded its current assets by $241,867 as of December 31, 2011 compared with current assets in excess of current liabilities by $129,063 in the prior year. For years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, the Company used $96,779 and $604,573, respectively, of cash from operating activities. The Company continues to need additional cash to manage its business. Cash from production payments receivable and the sale of our investment in Andora are projected to be received in 2012. The Company is also negotiating a convertible loan for working capital purposes. By continuing to reduce operating expenses in future periods and generating cash from the sale of our Andora shares, production payments receivable, and proceeds from stock or convertible note offerings management believes it should have has sufficient capital resources to meet projected cash flow needs through the next twelve months.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. When retired or otherwise disposed, the related carrying value and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and the net difference less any amount realized from disposition, is reflected in earnings. For financial statement purposes, property and equipment are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Depreciation expenses from continuing operations amounted to $2,911 and $5,099 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Maintenance, repairs, and minor renewals are charged against earnings when incurred. Additions and major renewals are capitalized.

 

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company measures and recognizes compensation expense for all share-based payment awards made to employees, consultants and directors including employee stock options based on estimated fair values. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $79,003 and $85,372, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense recognized during the period is based on the value of the portion of share-based payment awards that is ultimately expected to vest during the period.

 

Stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Company’s Consolidated statement of operations for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 included compensation expense for share-based payment awards granted prior to, but not yet vested as of December 31, 2011.

 

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model as its method of valuation for share-based awards granted. The Company’s determination of fair value of share-based payment awards on the date of grant using an option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of highly complex and subjective variables. These variables include, but are not limited to the Company’s expected stock price volatility over the term of the awards, and certain other market variables such as the risk free interest rate. In addition to compensation incurred for stock options, the Company incurred $6,987 in 2011 and 2010 in additional expense as a result of the issuance of Andora shares to its Chief executive officer in lieu of cash compensation.

 

Comprehensive Income

 

Comprehensive income is defined to include all changes in equity except those resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners. The Company’s other comprehensive income includes unrecognized gains (losses) on available for sale securities and foreign currency translation adjustments.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made in the prior period financial statements to conform to the current period presentation. These reclassifications did not have any effect on comprehensive net income (loss) or shareholders’ equity.

 

Subsequent Events

 

The Company evaluated events occurring between the end of the fiscal year, December 31, 2011, and the date when the financial statements were issued. Those events which do not affect the 2011 financials are listed as subsequent events, Note 15 for further details on subsequent events.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-03, “Extractive activities — Oil and Gas (Topic 932): Oil and Gas Reserve Estimation and Disclosures”. The main provisions of ASU No. 2010-03 are the following: (1) expanding the definition of oil- and gas- producing activities to include the extraction of saleable hydrocarbons, in solid, liquid, or gaseous state, from oil sands, shale, coalbeds, or other nonrenewable resources that are intended to be upgraded into synthetic oil or gas, and activities undertaken with a view to such extraction; (2) entities should use first-day-of-the-month price during the 12-month period (the 12-months average price) in calculating proved oil and gas reserves and estimating related standardized measure of discounted net cash flows; (3) requiring entities to disclose separately information about reserves quantities and financial statement amounts for geographic areas that represent 15 percent or more of proved reserves; (4) separate disclosure for consolidated entities and equity method investments. ASU No. 2010-03 is effective for annual reporting periods ending on or after December 31, 2009. The Company adopted ASU No. 2010-03 for the 2009 annual financial statements. This adoption did not have a material impact on the Group’s reported reserves evaluation, results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs”, which is intended to improve comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards. This standard clarifies the application of existing fair value measurement requirements including (1) the application of the highest and best use valuation premise, (2) the methodology to measure the fair value of an instrument classified in a reporting entity’s shareholders’ equity, (3) disclosure requirements for quantitative information on Level 3 fair value measurements and (4) guidance on measuring the fair value of financial instruments managed within a portfolio. In addition, the standard requires additional disclosures of the sensitivity of fair value to changes in unobservable inputs for Level 3 securities. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods ending on or after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements.

 

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, which requires that comprehensive income be presented either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. The standard also requires entities to disclose on the face of the financial statements reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net earnings. This standard no longer allows companies to present components of other comprehensive income only in the statement of equity. This standard is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2011. The adoption of this guidance did not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial statements other than the prescribed change in presentation.

 

Except for rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws and a limited number of grandfathered standards, the FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ (“ASC”) is the sole source of authoritative GAAP literature recognized by the FASB and applicable to the Company. Management has reviewed the aforementioned rules and releases and does not expect the adoption of any other recently issued accounting pronouncements to have a significant impact on its consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flow.