Related Party Transactions	12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transactions
Related Party Transactions	Note 4. Related Party Transactions ChaoYang Tongmei purchases raw materials from one of our equity investments, Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd. for production in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, amounts payable of $103,000 and $112,000, respectively, were included in “Accounts payable” in our consolidated balance sheets. In November 2017, our consolidated joint venture, BoYu, provided a personal loan of $291,000 to one of its executive employees. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due on November 30, 2020. In May 2019, BoYu provided another personal loan of $146,000 to the same executive employee. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due at such time BoYu pays a dividend to its shareholders. In March 2020, BoYu provided another personal loan of $141,000 to the same executive employee. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due on December 31, 2024. On December 25, 2020, the executive repaid the principal of $612,000 and interest of $35,000 of the personal loans to BoYu. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the balances, including both principal and accrued interest, were $0, and $0, respectively, and included in “Other assets” in our consolidated balance sheets. In September 2021 and October 2021, our consolidated subsidiary, ChaoYang XinMei received funding from a minority investor of $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, $1.9 million was included in short-term loan from noncontrolling interest in our consolidated balance sheets. In December 2021 and January 2022, the same subsidiary received funding from Tongmei of $1.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively. In January 2022, the China local government certified this additional funding in ChaoYang XinMei as an equity investment. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $2.2 million and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $0.2 million. Short-term loan from noncontrolling interest decreased to $0. In April 2022, Tongmei entered into the Capital Increase Agreement with minority investors to further invest $4.5 million in ChaoYang XinMei. In April 2022 and May 2022, ChaoYang XinMei received funding from Tongmei of $1.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively, as equity investments. In April 2022 and May 2022, the minority investors invested $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $1.4 million and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $0.1 million. Tongmei’s ownership remained at 58.5% after these equity investments. In July 2022, Tongmei and the minority investors further invested $0.8 million and $0.6 million in ChaoYang XinMei, respectively. This completed the investment obligations under the Capital Increase Agreement. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $610,000 and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $57,000. Tongmei’s ownership remained at 58.5% after the July 2022 equity investment. In September 2022, our consolidated subsidiary, ChaoYang LiMei completed the sale of land and its attached buildings to our equity investment entity, ChaoYang KaiMei, for a total consideration of $1.5 million. As of December 31, 2022, $1.5 million was included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in our consolidated balance sheets. Our Related Party Transactions Policy seeks to prohibit all conflicts of interest in transactions between related parties and us, unless they have been approved by our Board of Directors. This policy applies to all of our employees, directors, and our consolidated subsidiaries. Our executive officers retain board seats on the Board of Directors of the companies in which we have invested in our China joint ventures. See Note 6 for further details.

Related Party Transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Note 4. Related Party Transactions

ChaoYang Tongmei purchases raw materials from one of our equity investments, Donghai County Dongfang High Purity Electronic Materials Co., Ltd. for production in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, amounts payable of $103,000 and $112,000, respectively, were included in “Accounts payable” in our consolidated balance sheets.

In November 2017, our consolidated joint venture, BoYu, provided a personal loan of $291,000 to one of its executive employees. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due on November 30, 2020. In May 2019, BoYu provided another personal loan of $146,000 to the same executive employee. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due at such time BoYu pays a dividend to its shareholders. In March 2020, BoYu provided another personal loan of $141,000 to the same executive employee. This loan bears interest at 2.75% per annum. Principal and accrued interest are due on December 31, 2024. On December 25, 2020, the executive repaid the principal of $612,000 and interest of $35,000 of the personal loans to BoYu. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, the balances, including both principal and accrued interest, were $0, and $0, respectively, and included in “Other assets” in our consolidated balance sheets.

In September 2021 and October 2021, our consolidated subsidiary, ChaoYang XinMei received funding from a minority investor of $0.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2021, $1.9 million was included in short-term loan from noncontrolling interest in our consolidated balance sheets. In December 2021 and January 2022, the same subsidiary received funding from Tongmei of $1.4 million and $1.4 million, respectively. In January 2022, the China local government certified this additional funding in ChaoYang XinMei as an equity investment. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $2.2 million and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $0.2 million. Short-term loan from noncontrolling interest decreased to $0. In April 2022, Tongmei entered into the Capital Increase Agreement with minority investors to further invest $4.5 million in ChaoYang XinMei. In April 2022 and May 2022, ChaoYang XinMei received funding from Tongmei of $1.1 million and $0.8 million, respectively, as equity investments. In April 2022 and May 2022, the minority investors invested $0.7 million and $0.6 million, respectively. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $1.4 million and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $0.1 million. Tongmei’s ownership remained at 58.5% after these equity investments. In July 2022, Tongmei and the minority investors further invested $0.8 million and $0.6 million in ChaoYang XinMei, respectively. This completed the investment obligations under the Capital Increase Agreement. As a result, noncontrolling interests increased $610,000 and redeemable noncontrolling interests increased $57,000. Tongmei’s ownership remained at 58.5% after the July 2022 equity investment.

In September 2022, our consolidated subsidiary, ChaoYang LiMei completed the sale of land and its attached buildings to our equity investment entity, ChaoYang KaiMei, for a total consideration of $1.5 million. As of December 31, 2022, $1.5 million was included in “Prepaid expenses and other current assets” in our consolidated balance sheets.

Our Related Party Transactions Policy seeks to prohibit all conflicts of interest in transactions between related parties and us, unless they have been approved by our Board of Directors. This policy applies to all of our employees, directors, and our consolidated subsidiaries. Our executive officers retain board seats on the Board of Directors of the companies in which we have invested in our China joint ventures. See Note 6 for further details.