-----BEGIN PRIVACY-ENHANCED MESSAGE----- Proc-Type: 2001,MIC-CLEAR Originator-Name: webmaster@www.sec.gov Originator-Key-Asymmetric: MFgwCgYEVQgBAQICAf8DSgAwRwJAW2sNKK9AVtBzYZmr6aGjlWyK3XmZv3dTINen TWSM7vrzLADbmYQaionwg5sDW3P6oaM5D3tdezXMm7z1T+B+twIDAQAB MIC-Info: RSA-MD5,RSA, Dj1asMbYQMDQBJQdWciBHHxByC+k/FdOEy328Huyhha8+Tn+9aJCjioypFYok/ly FeVZOrsMEXklmC8IcbwLbg== 0001047469-98-012440.txt : 19991018 0001047469-98-012440.hdr.sgml : 19991018 ACCESSION NUMBER: 0001047469-98-012440 CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE: 10-K405 PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT: 10 CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT: 19971231 FILED AS OF DATE: 19980330 FILER: COMPANY DATA: COMPANY CONFORMED NAME: HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE CENTRAL INDEX KEY: 0001049625 STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION: 3728 IRS NUMBER: 953528840 STATE OF INCORPORATION: CA FISCAL YEAR END: 1231 FILING VALUES: FORM TYPE: 10-K405 SEC ACT: SEC FILE NUMBER: 000-29490 FILM NUMBER: 98578457 BUSINESS ADDRESS: STREET 1: 11240 SHERMAN WAY CITY: SUN VALLEY STATE: CA ZIP: 91352-4942 BUSINESS PHONE: 8187656201 MAIL ADDRESS: STREET 1: 11240 SHERMAN WAY CITY: SUN VALLEY STATE: CA ZIP: 913524942 10-K405 1 FORM 10-K405 - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (MARK ONE) [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 OR [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO . --------------- --------------- COMMISSION FILE NUMBER: 0-29490 HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) CALIFORNIA 95-3528840 (STATE OR OTHER JURISDICTION OF (I.R.S. EMPLOYER INCORPORATION OR ORGANIZATION) IDENTIFICATION NO.) 11240 SHERMAN WAY, SUN VALLEY, CALIFORNIA 91352 (ADDRESS OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICES) (ZIP CODE) (818) 765-6201 (REGISTRANT'S TELEPHONE NUMBER, INCLUDING AREA CODE) SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OF THE ACT: NONE SECURITIES REGISTERED PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(g) OF THE ACT: COMMON STOCK, NO PAR VALUE (Title of each class) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES NO X --- --- The aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of March 12, 1998, was approximately $26,503,460. The number of shares of common stock outstanding on March 12, 1998 was 5,822,222 shares. Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. /X/ - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- - - -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ITEM 1. BUSINESS GENERAL Hawker Pacific Aerospace ("Hawker Pacific" or the "Company") repairs and overhauls aircraft and helicopter landing gear, hydromechanical components and wheels, brakes and braking system components for a diverse international customer base, including commercial airlines, air cargo operators, domestic government agencies, aircraft leasing companies, aircraft parts distributors and original equipment manufacturers ("OEMs"). In addition, the Company distributes and sells new and overhauled spare parts and components for both fixed wing aircraft and helicopters. During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company had in excess of 440 customers, several of which have entered into long-term service contracts with the Company, including Federal Express Corporation ("FedEx"), American Airlines, Inc. ("American Airlines"), the United States Coast Guard (the "USCG"), and US Airways, Inc. ("US Airways"). On February 4, 1998, the Company completed its acquisition (the "BA Acquisition") of substantially all of the assets of the landing gear repair and overhaul operations (the "BA Assets") of British Airways plc ("British Airways"). The Company believes the BA Acquisition will provide it with a base in the United Kingdom from which to expand its international repair and overhaul operations significantly and position itself to become the global leader in its markets. See "--Recent Developments." The Company believes it is well positioned to benefit from the following aviation industry trends that are driving increased demand for third-party repair, overhaul and spare parts inventory management services: (i) the increase in worldwide air traffic associated with the addition of new aircraft and more frequent use of existing aircraft; (ii) the outsourcing by aircraft operators of services previously handled internally; (iii) the break-up of monopolistic aircraft maintenance consortiums; and (iv) an increase in regulatory pressure and consumer emphasis on the traceability of aircraft parts. Hawker Pacific was incorporated in 1980 in California as a distributor of aircraft parts and certain other consumer products and began providing aircraft repair and overhaul services in 1987. In November 1996, BTR Dunlop, Inc. sold all of the outstanding capital stock of the Company to certain of the Company's current shareholders. See "Certain Relationships and Related Transactions." Unless the context otherwise requires, all references henceforth to the "Company" or "Hawker Pacific" shall also include Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited, a wholly-owned United Kingdom subsidiary formed in November 1997. The Company's principal executive offices are located at 11240 Sherman Way, Sun Valley, California 91352, and its telephone number is (818) 765-6201. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING. On February 3, 1998, the Company completed an initial public offering (the "Offering") of 2,766,667 shares of the Company's common stock ("Common Stock") through several underwriters represented by EVEREN Securities, Inc. and The Seidler Companies Incorporated. Of the 2,766,667 shares of Common Stock sold in the Offering, 2,600,000 shares were sold by the Company and 166,667 shares were sold by a principal shareholder of the Company. The principal shareholder sold 415,000 additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of an over-allotment option granted to the underwriters by the principal shareholder. The Registration Statement for the Offering (Registration No. 333-40295) was declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC") on January 29, 1998. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $17.8 million net of expenses of approximately $3.0 million. The Company used approximately $9.2 million of the net proceeds to fund a portion of the purchase price for the BA Assets and approximately $7.6 million to repay a portion of the revolving and term debt previously outstanding under the Company's credit facility. The Company intends to use the remaining net proceeds for working capital and general corporate purposes. 2. In November 1997, the Company effected a 579.48618 for one stock split of its outstanding Common Stock and in January 1998, effected a one for .9907406 reverse stock split of its outstanding Common Stock. Immediately before the closing of the Offering, all of the outstanding shares of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock were converted into an aggregate of 250,000 shares of Common Stock. Unless otherwise indicated, the information set forth in this Annual Report reflects such stock split and reverse stock split of the Common Stock and the conversion of the Series A Preferred Stock. ACQUISITION OF CERTAIN ASSETS OF BRITISH AIRWAYS. On February 4, 1998 (the "Acquisition Date"), the Company completed its acquisition of the BA Assets. The BA Assets represent the assets of British Airways Engineering used to service landing gear primarily on British Airways' aircraft. The purchase price for the BA Assets was approximately L11.3 million (approximately $18.5 million at the Acquisition Date), subject to adjustment to reflect certain changes to the quantity and condition of the assets purchased and the potential purchase of one landing gear shipset priced at L1.8 million ($2.9 million at the Acquisition Date.) As part of the BA Acquisition, the Company and British Airways entered into a seven-year exclusive service agreement on February 4, 1998 for the Company to provide landing gear and related repair and overhaul services to substantially all of the aircraft currently operated by British Airways. MARKET AND INDUSTRY OVERVIEW The aviation aftermarket consists of the servicing and support of aircraft after delivery of aircraft to operators by OEMs. The Company provides aftermarket landing gear repair and overhaul services and related spare parts to a variety of customers in the aviation industry. In March 1997, Dillon Read & Co., Inc. ("Dillon Read") estimated the current global aviation aftermarket to be $47 billion annually and projected that it would grow to $60 billion by the year 2000. INCREASED AVIATION ACTIVITY. Boeing's 1997 Current Market Outlook (the "Boeing Outlook") projects that global air travel will increase by 75% through the year 2006. Average passenger seat miles flown are also expected to increase significantly over the next few years. Further, many new airlines are expected to commence operations in the United States and abroad, especially in China and other Asian nations where only a small percentage of the population has flown to date. In order to accommodate growing demand, aircraft operators will be required to increase the size of their aircraft fleets. The Boeing Outlook projects that the global fleet of aircraft will grow from 11,500 aircraft at the end of 1996 to over 16,000 aircraft in 2006 and 23,000 aircraft in 2016. Increases in passenger travel, air cargo services and the number of aircraft in service increase the demand for repair and overhaul services. In addition, the Federal Aviation Administration (the "FAA") requires aircraft landing gear to be overhauled every seven to ten years. As a result, the growth in the number of aircraft over the past 15 years is expected to create immediate and consistent demand for landing gear repair and overhaul services, which will most likely continue as the number of new aircraft in service grows. Further, because start-up airlines generally do not invest in the infrastructure necessary to service their aircraft, such airlines outsource all or most of their repair and overhaul services. OUTSOURCING OF REPAIR AND OVERHAUL SERVICES. While the overall air transportation industry has grown significantly over the past decade, commercial airlines have not experienced consistent earnings growth over the same period. As a result, many aircraft operators have recognized outsourcing as an opportunity to reduce operating costs, working capital investment and turnaround time. In March 1997, Dillon Read estimated the outsourced military and government market to be $9 billion and the third party market to be $12 billion. Outsourcing allows aircraft operators to benefit from the expertise of service providers such as the Company who have developed specialized repair techniques and achieved economies of scale unavailable to individual operators. Additionally, outsourcing allows aircraft operators to limit their capital investment in infrastructure and personnel by eliminating the need for the equipment, sophisticated information systems technology and inventory required to repair and overhaul landing gear and hydromechanical components effectively. Dillon Read also estimated in March 1997 that approximately 40%, 35% and 95%, respectively, of commercial, military and general aviation functions are currently outsourced. Having recently awarded 3. to the Company large contracts for outsourcing of repair and overhaul services, American Airlines and British Airways exemplify this growing trend. As aircraft operators continue to become more cost and value conscious, the Company expects the trend toward outsourcing to continue. BREAK-UP OF MONOPOLISTIC AIRCRAFT MAINTENANCE CONSORTIUMS. Until recently, European aircraft operators attempted to realize cost savings by forming repair consortiums to provide maintenance, repair and overhaul services for their aircraft. Within these repair consortiums, each member was responsible for providing the consortium's other members with maintenance, repair and overhaul services for certain specified aircraft components. Over time, these members have begun subcontracting their maintenance, repair and overhaul services to independent service providers whom they subject to a competitive bidding process to obtain the work. The Company believes that this trend will provide it with opportunities to expand substantially its European customer base. GREATER EMPHASIS ON TRACEABILITY. Due to concerns regarding unapproved aircraft spare parts, regulatory authorities have focused on the level of documentation which must be maintained on aircraft spare parts. As a result, aircraft operators increasingly demand that third party service providers provide complete traceability of all parts used in the repair and overhaul process. The sophistication required to track the parts histories of an inventory consisting of thousands of aircraft spare parts is considerable. For example, an overhaul of a 747 aircraft shipset requires the handling and tracking of over 2,500 parts. This has required companies to invest heavily in information systems technology. The Company has developed and maintains a proprietary management information system that enables it to comply with its customer's contract specifications and enables its customers to comply with governmental regulations concerning traceability of spare parts. COMPANY OPERATIONS REPAIR AND OVERHAUL The primary reasons for removing landing gear or hydromechanical components from an aircraft for servicing are: (i) the number of takeoffs and landings or years since a landing gear's last overhaul have reached the time between overhaul limit and it must be overhauled or (ii) the landing gear or hydromechanical component has been damaged or is not performing optimally. The cost of servicing landing gear or hydromechanical components that have been removed varies depending upon the age and type of aircraft and the extent of the repairs being performed. Each overhaul of landing gear can involve numerous separate parts and work orders. For example, the Boeing 737 nose landing gear calls for over 290 parts and related work orders while the Boeing 747-200 nose gear calls for over 650 parts and related work orders. Generally, the Company performs these overhauls in approximately six to eight weeks. Hydromechanical component overhauls can involve 200 or more parts and over 25 separate work orders and are performed in approximately two to four weeks. In order to achieve this throughput, the Company must perform many parallel processes and integrate numerous components just before final assembly. Completing this complex overhaul work within the time constraints set by aircraft operators has led the Company to develop a highly managed systems-driven process, which is facilitated by its highly specialized management information systems described in more detail below. The stages of the overhaul process include the following: DISASSEMBLY, CLEANING AND INSPECTION. Upon receiving a landing gear shipset or a hydromechanical component, the Company's technicians disassemble the unit into its parts, a process which requires special tooling and expertise. Each part is completely cleaned to allow for comprehensive inspection, testing and evaluation of part size, structural integrity and material tolerances. The Company uses a detailed checklist and reporting procedure to create a work order documenting the state of each part inspected and indicating the extent of repair or overhaul to be performed. Technicians tag all parts which need to be replaced or 4. reworked and electronically prepare bills of material and requisitions to the Company's parts and production departments for inventory and scheduling purposes. An internal sales order is created concurrently with the work order for shipping, pricing, billing and delivery purposes. The Company utilizes its management information system throughout this process to reduce the amount of detailed inspection time required. See "--Management Information Systems and Quality Assurance." The work completed in the disassembly and inspection process enables the Company to obtain detailed information concerning which parts can be reused or repaired and which must be replaced, as well as the approximate labor needed to complete the job. The Company's computer system identifies and tracks the parts and associated work orders from each landing gear or hydromechanical component throughout the overhaul process in order to maintain the integrity of the landing gear or hydromechanical component the Company services. Shop travelers provide a complete, detailed listing of all repair and overhaul work steps and processes. Once disassembled, the individual parts are washed, visually inspected for obvious damage and permanently identified using the internal work order number assigned to that delivery order. Major and minor parts are then processed for engineering evaluation and disposition of required repair work steps. PARTS REWORK, REPLACEMENT AND REASSEMBLY. The next phase of an overhaul involves reworking existing parts to specifications set by the Company's customers. This entails a combination of machining, plating, heat treatment, metal reshaping, surface finishing and restoration of organic finish. At this phase, each part is accompanied by the customized bar-coded traveler which facilitates the computerized prioritization and tracking of a part through the rework phase. Tight control is maintained over scheduling for each part, enabling the Company to remain within its required turnaround time. The Company performs the majority of the repair and overhaul procedures in its facilities using proprietary or specialized repair techniques. In addition, the Company utilizes in-house manufacturing capabilities to fabricate certain parts used in the overhaul process that are otherwise difficult to obtain. If a part cannot be reclaimed, the Company may install either a new part or a previously-reworked part from inventory. The Company maintains an inventory of serviceable parts that it has reworked for this purpose. Overhauling parts or using serviceable parts from inventory in lieu of new parts generally lowers customer costs and increases the Company's margins in comparison to an overhaul that consists of exclusively new spare parts. In addition, these manufacturing and service capabilities are integral to the Company's competitive position because they enable the Company to maintain or increase the quality of work performed and significantly reduce cost and turnaround time relative to its competitors. INSPECTION AND SHIPPING. After completing the rework phase of the overhaul/repair process, each part is delivered to the assembly area where the end unit is assembled, tested and final inspection is completed. Once the end unit assembly has been accepted through final inspection it is moved to shipping, where it is packaged and prepared for dispatch. PRICING. The Company offers its customers different pricing arrangements for its repair and overhaul services. Pricing generally depends on the volume and complexity of the work performed, the kind and number of new or remanufactured spare parts used in the repair or overhaul and the required turnaround time. For many of its customers, the Company exchanges a previously overhauled shipset from its inventory for an as-removed shipset from customer's aircraft upon which the Company charges the customer a fixed overhaul fee. Upon completing the overhaul of the as-removed shipset, the Company charges the customer an additional fee for spare parts or extra services required to overhaul the landing gear to the customer's specifications. The Company typically bills a substantial portion of the repair and overhaul fee to the customer up-front upon receiving its as-removed shipset and generally receives payment for this portion of the overhaul fee before completing the overhaul. When the Company overhauls a shipset without exchanging an overhauled gear assembly from its inventory, the Company charges one fee, which includes all parts and labor charges, upon delivering the overhauled shipset to the operator. Pursuant to the Company's standard payment terms, invoices are due within 30 days after receipt. The Company typically offers a discount of up to 1.5% on payment made within 13 days of receipt of an invoice. 5. With certain of its customers for whom the Company regularly provides parts and services on entire fleets or large numbers of aircraft, the Company utilizes a flat fee fixed price arrangement which it typically sets forth in long-term service agreements. Pursuant to the Company's service agreements, the Company performs repair and overhaul services on a scheduled or as-needed basis. Pricing depends on the volume and type of aircraft landing gear or hydromechanical component to be serviced and the required turnaround time. Under its long-term service agreements, the Company is able to plan in advance for equipment and inventory requirements and can achieve efficiencies in labor hours and materials usage relative to the estimate on which the contract price was based. PARTS DISTRIBUTION GENERAL. Aircraft spare parts are classified within the industry as (i) factory new, (ii) new surplus, (iii) overhauled, (iv) serviceable, and (v) as-removed. A factory new or new surplus part is one that has never been installed or used. Factory new parts are purchased from manufacturers or their authorized distributors. New surplus parts are purchased from excess stock of airlines, repair facilities or other distributors. An overhauled part has been disassembled, inspected, repaired, reassembled and tested by a licensed repair facility. An aircraft spare part is classified serviceable if it is repaired by a licensed repair facility rather than completely disassembled as in an overhaul. A part may also be classified serviceable if it is removed by the operator from an aircraft or engine while operating under an approved maintenance program and is functional and meets any manufacturer or time and cycle restrictions applicable to the part. A factory new, new surplus, overhauled or serviceable part designation indicates that the part can be immediately utilized on an aircraft. A part in as-removed condition requires functional testing, repair or overhaul by a licensed facility prior to being returned to service in an aircraft. PARTS SALES. The Company sells factory new, FAA-approved parts manufactured by approximately 80 OEMs, including Societe D'Application Des Machines Motrices ("SAMM"), Dunlop Equipment Division, Parker Hannifin Corporation ("Parker Hannifin") and Messier-Bugatti and overhauled aircraft spare parts to a diverse base of customers in the aviation industry. The Company believes that it provides customers with value added parts distribution services by offering immediate availability, broad product lines, technical assistance and additional services. CUSTOMERS COMMERCIAL. During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company served a broad base of over 440 domestic and international customers in the aviation industry. The Company's customers include FedEx, American Airlines, US Airways, United Air Lines, Inc., Continental Airlines, Inc., Continental Express, Inc. and Westair Commuter Airlines, Inc. The Company's largest customer, FedEx, accounted for approximately 18.4% of its sales for the year ended December 31, 1996 and 19.3% for the year ended December 31, 1997. In 1994, the Company entered into an agreement with FedEx, which has been amended to extend the term to 2007 and to expand the Company's services to include additional types of aircraft, to provide spare parts and repair and overhaul services at a fixed price for most aircraft in FedEx's fleet. The Company also has a seven-year exclusive agreement with American Airlines expiring in June 30, 2005 to service landing gear on all Boeing 757 aircraft within its fleet on a flat-fee basis. The Company believes that the long-term relationships that it has developed with many of its customers provide the Company with an ongoing base of business and an excellent source of new business opportunities. GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS. Sales to the United States government and its agencies were approximately $4,491,000 (11.5% of revenues) and $2,714,000 (6.6% of revenues) in the years ended December 31, 1996 and December 31, 1997, respectively. The Company's largest government customer has been the USCG with which the Company has an agreement to provide repair and overhaul services and spare parts on an as-needed, fixed price basis for the USCG's Dauphin II helicopters. The agreement is for a one-year term which the USCG may renew for additional one-year terms through the year 2000. For the years ended December 31, 6. 1996 and December 31, 1997, sales to the USCG accounted for approximately 11.2% and 6.5%, respectively, of the Company's revenues. Because government sales are subject to competitive bidding and government funding, there can be no assurance that such sales will continue at previous levels. Although the Company's government contracts are subject to termination at the election of the government, in the event of such a termination, the Company would be entitled to recover from the government all allowable costs incurred by the Company through the date of termination. MATERIAL CUSTOMERS. FedEx and the USCG were the only customers who accounted for 10% or more of the Company's total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996 (pro forma), and FedEx was the only customer who accounted for 10% or more of the Company's total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1997. See "--Risk Factors--Customer Concentration; Concentration of Credit Risks." The Company does not consider backlog meaningful to its business. MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS AND QUALITY ASSURANCE The Company utilizes its management information systems to shorten turnaround times for customer orders, increase output, improve inventory management and reduce costs by eliminating duplication of work and reducing errors in ordering of parts. The system consists of an automated inspection and routing system, a material resources planning module, a bar-coded shop floor control module, an inventory control and parts tracing module, a tooling calibration module and a general accounting module. The system enables the Company to shorten lead times, increase output and improve inventory management by allowing the Company to manage and control the process of detailed parts inspection, materials requisitioning and work order scheduling and release. The system's database contains much of the information required to perform landing gear inspection activities, including illustrated parts catalogues, parts specifications and other technical data. This has largely eliminated the need to update parts catalogues manually and allows an inspector using a personal computer located at his workstation to (i) refer to computer based parts manuals and catalogues to identify needed parts, (ii) access inventory to check on the availability of needed parts, (iii) requisition needed parts from inventory and (iv) create and record an audit trail for all inspected parts and processes. These features of the system have substantially reduced total detailed inspection time required in the overhaul process. Using the system, all materials utilized and labor performed in connection with a work order are recorded using bar code scanners located throughout the Company's facility. Work order travelers are generated upon commencement of a repair or overhaul and accompany the separate parts of each landing gear or hydromechanical component throughout the overhaul process. After each stage of the process is completed, the employee who performed the work records, using the bar code system, the date of completion, his or her employee identification number, critical dimensions and the quantity processed, accepted or rejected. For each repair or overhaul that it performs, the Company records all essential operations and tests conducted, inspection data on all components repaired, overhauled or exchanged for new components and the sources of all materials issued during the course of the work. This function allows the company to provide more accurate cost and timing estimates to customers, facilitates faster and more accurate preparation of customer invoices and forms the basis of the Company's comprehensive quality assurance program. In addition, shoploading and material requisition personnel receive more accurate planning data. Using the system, management can plan for material requirements in advance so that required materials for a specific unit are on hand in time to facilitate on-time delivery and based upon sales forecasts and actual orders can optimize daily manpower and materials utilization. EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE AND TOOLING 7. The Company performs all of the maintenance and repair on the equipment used in the repair and overhaul process. The Company's maintenance personnel perform various regularly scheduled maintenance procedures on the Company's equipment on a weekly, monthly and annual basis, and shift operators perform daily preventive maintenance. Precision measurement accessories installed on certain machines, which require periodic calibration, are maintained and serviced by approved vendors and closely monitored by the Company. The Company invests significant material and resources to design and construct tooling and fixtures to support its current product line and improve the efficiency of the repair and overhaul process. Manufacturer-designed tooling is typically limited to specialized tools to aid in the disassembly, assembly and testing of a landing gear assembly, such as spanner wrenches and seal installation tools. From time to time, the Company's employees may develop modifications to existing tooling or ideas for new tooling and fixtures in order to accomplish a specific machining or testing operation or to improve the performance of the overhaul process. Tooling and fixtures used in machining and plating operations are conceived, designed and fabricated in-house by the technical personnel involved in the Company's daily operations to improve the labor efficiency of a process and reduce the cost of performing a repetitive process. The Company believes that its ability to design and fabricate tooling used in its operations allows it to maximize efficiencies and enables its customers to realize cost savings and improved turnaround time. SUPPLIERS AND PROCUREMENT PRACTICES The primary sources of parts and components for the Company's overhaul operations and parts distribution business are domestic and foreign airlines, OEMs and aircraft leasing companies. The supply of parts and components for the Company's aftermarket sales is affected by the availability of excess inventories that typically become available for purchase as a result of new aircraft purchases by commercial airlines, which reduce the airline's need for spares supporting the aircraft that have been replaced. Aftermarket supply is also affected by the availability of new parts from OEMs and the availability of older, surplus aircraft that can be purchased for the value of the major parts and components. Although the Company does not have fixed agreements with the majority of its suppliers, it is frequently able to obtain significant price discounts from many of its suppliers because of the volume and regularity of its purchases. The Company has ten-year agreements with Dunlop Limited, Aviation Division and Dunlop Equipment Division (collectively, "Dunlop") that enable it to purchase Dunlop parts at a discount from list price for resale and for use in the repair and overhaul of a variety of fixed wing aircraft and helicopters. For the years ended December 31, 1996 and December 31, 1997, Dunlop accounted for approximately 27% and 19.3%, respectively, of the total dollar amount of parts purchased by the Company. The Company also has agreements with Messier-Bugatti, SAMM and Eurocopter France that enable the Company to purchase new aircraft parts at discounts from list price. Although the Company does not have agreements with many of its suppliers and competes with other parts distributors for production capacity, the Company believes that its sources of supply and its relationships with its suppliers are satisfactory. While the loss of any one supplier could have a material adverse effect on the Company until alternative suppliers are located and have commenced providing products, alternative suppliers exist for substantially all of the parts purchased by the Company. See "--Risk Factors--Dependence on Key Suppliers." The Company has developed procurement practices to ensure that all supplies received conform to contract specifications. For cost, quality control and efficiency reasons, the Company generally purchases supplies only from vendors with whom the Company has on-going relationships and/or whom the Company's customers have previously approved. The Company has qualified second sources or has identified alternate sources for all of its supplies. However, the inability or delay in obtaining needed parts on a timely basis could have a material adverse effect on the Company. The Company chooses it vendors primarily based on the quality of the parts supplied and record for on-time performance. The Company regularly evaluates and audits its approved vendors based on their performance. Repeated failures to comply with the Company's 8. quality and delivery requirements may ultimately cause the Company to remove a vendor from its approved vendor list. SALES AND MARKETING The Company's sales and marketing strategy is designed to target commercial and government customers with large fleets of aircraft that require regular repair and overhaul of landing gear parts and components. In recent years, the Company has significantly expanded its direct sales efforts toward the goal of increasing its sales from its existing customer base as well as attracting new customers. In particular, the Company focuses its sales efforts on encouraging its existing and prospective customers to enter into long-term agreements with the Company for the repair and overhaul of landing gear on all aircraft within a fleet, or alternatively, to engage the Company to perform repair and overhaul services on several aircraft at once. In its sales and marketing efforts, the Company emphasizes its competitive strengths, including its superior quality of service, competitive pricing, rapid turnaround time and extensive industry experience. The Company markets and sells its products and services worldwide both directly through an in-house sales staff and indirectly through a network of independent sales representatives which at December 31, 1997 consisted of approximately 11 employees and 11 sales representatives, respectively. Air Resources, Inc., an aviation sales representative agency ("Air Resources"), markets and sells the Company's products and services to a number of domestic airlines in return for a commission on sales made through Air Resources' efforts. The Company's domestic sales are conducted primarily by Air Resources, which focuses its efforts on major domestic commercial carriers, as well as the Company's in-house sales force. The Company conducts its international sales and marketing through a number of independent agencies based worldwide in such countries as France, Sweden, Mexico and India. Additionally, senior management plays an active role in marketing several of the Company's product lines. The Company's President and Chief Executive Officer, David L. Lokken oversees its sales activities, while the Company's indirect and direct sales representatives report directly to Brian S. Carr, Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations, for landing gear sales and Michael A. Riley, Vice President-Hydromechanical Business Unit, for hydromechanical component sales. The Company's sales staff works closely with engineering and customer support personnel to provide cost effective solutions to maintaining landing gear, stressing the Company's repair and overhaul engineering expertise, turnaround times and component overhauling capabilities. In addition, the Company actively participates in many of the major aviation industry gatherings and air shows and hosts groups of aircraft operators at technical and other meetings. In certain instances, the Company bids on government contracts for certain lines through its government contracts department, which coordinates with the Company's sales and marketing team. GROWTH STRATEGY The key elements of the Company's growth strategy include the following: PURSUE ADDITIONAL INTERNATIONAL GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES. The Company believes that the international aviation aftermarket presents the greatest potential for substantial growth. With the hydromechanical repair and overhaul services that it performs from its Netherlands facility and the large air transport repair and overhaul operations that it has established through the recent BA Acquisition, the Company believes it will be able to provide customers with a full range of repair and overhaul services in Europe. In addition, the Company believes that the break-up of aircraft maintenance consortiums will create opportunities for the Company to expand its European, Middle Eastern and Asian customer bases. With facilities located in the United Kingdom and California, the Company believes that it will be geographically positioned to pursue additional growth opportunities in both the European and Asian aviation aftermarkets. 9. FOCUS ON LONG-TERM SERVICE AGREEMENTS. Through increased sales and marketing efforts, the Company is actively seeking to enter into long-term service agreements with its existing and potential customers to provide its services for all of their respective aircraft. A recent example of the Company's success in this area includes the Company's September 1997 seven-year exclusive agreement with American Airlines to service landing gear on all Boeing 757 aircraft within its fleet. While long-term agreements are often terminable on short notice, the Company believes that securing long-term service agreements with customers will provide it with a more predictable and consistent flow of business and enable it to improve its profit margins from fixed wing operations. EXPAND EXISTING OPERATIONS. Hawker Pacific seeks to increase sales and operating income by marketing its landing gear repair and overhaul services to new and existing customers and expanding its hydromechanical component product lines. Boeing projects that the global fleet of aircraft will grow from 11,500 aircraft at the end of 1996 to over 16,000 aircraft in 2006 and 23,000 aircraft in 2016. The Company plans to expand its landing gear repair and overhaul operations in order to capitalize on this growth trend. Because the Company believes that improved profit margins in fixed wing operations are primarily a function of increased volume, it plans to expand its capacity to perform fixed wing landing gear repair and overhaul services. The Company also intends to expand its hydromechanical component service offerings particularly through increased capabilities resulting from the BA Acquisition. The Company recently began to offer repair and overhaul of constant speed drive-integrated drive generators after having expended minimal funds to initiate these operations. ACCELERATE GROWTH THROUGH ACQUISITION. The Company intends to evaluate and pursue strategically located companies with technology, equipment and inventory that complement or expand the Company's existing operations and that may enable it to expand into new geographic or product markets. In particular, the Company seeks to acquire companies that will enable it to expand its international operations or to increase its product offerings. COMPETITION Numerous companies compete with the Company in the aviation services industry. The Company primarily competes with various repair and overhaul organizations, which include the service arms of OEMs, the maintenance departments or divisions of large air carriers (some of which also offer maintenance services to third parties) and independent organizations such as the Aerospace Division of B.F. Goodrich Company, the Landing Gear Division of AAR Corporation ("AAR"), Revima, a company organized and operating under the laws of France, and Dowty Aerospace Aviation Services. The Company's major competitors in its hydromechanical components business include AAR and OEMs such as Sunstrand, Aeroquip Vickers, Inc., Parker-Hannifin Corporation, Messier-Bugatti and Lucas. The Company expects that competition in its industry will increase substantially as a result of industry consolidations and alliances in response to the trend in the aviation industry toward outsourcing of repair and overhaul services. In addition, as the Company moves into new geographic or product markets it will encounter new competition. The Company believes that the primary competitive factors in its marketplace are quality, price, the ability to perform repairs and overhauls within a rapid and reliable turnaround time and industry experience. Certain of the Company's competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than the Company. These competitors may have the ability to adapt more quickly to changes in customer requirements, may have stronger customer relationships and greater name recognition and may devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than the Company. There can be no assurance that competitive pressures will not materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. See "--Risk Factors--Substantial Competition." GOVERNMENT REGULATION 10. The Company is highly regulated worldwide by the FAA, the Joint Airworthiness Authority, a consortium of European regulatory authorities (the "JAA"), and various other foreign regulatory authorities, including the Dutch Air Agency, which regulates the Company's Netherlands' operations, and the Civil Aviation Authority, which regulates the Company's United Kingdom operations. These regulatory authorities require all aircraft to be maintained under continuous condition monitoring programs and periodically to undergo thorough inspection. In addition, all parts must be certified by the FAA and equivalent regulatory agencies in foreign countries and conformed to regulatory standards before they are installed on an aircraft. The Company is a certified FAA and JAA approved repair station and has been granted Parts Manufacturer Approvals by the FAA Manufacturing Inspectors District Office. In addition, the Company's operations are regularly audited and accredited by the Coordinating Agency for Supplier Evaluation, formed by commercial airlines to approve FAA approved repair stations and aviation parts suppliers. If material authorizations or approvals were revoked or suspended, the Company's operations would be materially and adversely affected. As the Company attempts to commence operations in countries in which it has not previously operated, it will need to obtain new certifications and approvals, and any delay or failure in attaining such certifications or approvals could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial conditions and results of operations. In addition, if new and more stringent regulations are adopted by foreign or domestic regulatory agencies or oversight of the aviation industry is increased in the future the Company's business may be materially and adversely affected. See "--Risk Factors--Government Regulation." ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS AND PROCEEDINGS The Company's operations are subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, state and local environmental laws and substantial related regulation by government agencies, including the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the "EPA"), the California Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Among other matters, these regulatory authorities impose requirements that regulate the operation, handling, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials generated by the Company during the normal course of its operations, govern the health and safety of the Company's employees and require the Company to obtain and maintain permits in connection with its operations. This extensive regulatory framework imposes significant compliance burdens and risks on the Company and, as a result, substantially affects its operational costs. In addition, the Company may become liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous substances released on or in its facilities without regard to whether or not the Company knew of, or caused, the release of such substances. The Company believes that it currently is in material compliance with applicable laws and regulations and is not aware of any material environmental problem at any of its current or former facilities. There can be no assurance, however, that its prior activities did not create a material problem for which the Company could be responsible or that future uses or conditions (including, without limitation, changes in applicable environmental laws and regulations, or an increase in the amount of hazardous substances generated by the Company's operations) will not result in any material environmental liability to the Company and materially and adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company's plating operations, which use a number of hazardous materials and generate significant hazardous waste, increase the Company's regulatory compliance burden and compound the risk that the Company may encounter a material environmental problem in the future. Furthermore, compliance with laws and regulations in foreign countries in which the Company locates its operations may cause future increases in the Company's operating costs or otherwise adversely affect the Company's results of operations or financial condition. See "--Risk Factors--Environmental Regulations." In October 1993, the United States of America and the State of California each filed lawsuits in the United States District Court for the Central District of California, against the Company and the owners (the "Owners") of one of the Company's facilities (the "Site"). The lawsuits (the "SFVB Actions") alleged that the groundwater in the San Fernando Valley Basin ("SFVB") had been contaminated with volatile organic compounds and other hazardous substances released from the Site, requiring costly investigation, evaluation and remediation efforts for which the Company and the Owners were liable. In February 1997, the Company 11. entered into settlements with the United States of America and State of California pursuant to which the Company paid the EPA $382,500 and the State of California $40,950 in June 1997. The Company believes that it will not be liable to the United States government or the State of California for any future costs related to this matter, and the California Regional Water Quality Control Board recently notified the Company of its conclusion that soil contamination at the Site does not represent a significant threat to groundwater quality and cannot be determined with certainty. BTR Dunlop, Inc., the former owner of the Company ("BTR"), has agreed to indemnify the Company against any future amounts for which the Company may be responsible in connection with the SFVB Actions. See "Certain Transactions--Acquisition of the Company from BTR." In August 1997 and January 1998, two separate lawsuits were filed by various individuals against Lockheed Martin Corporation and various other parties, including the Company, in the Los Angeles Superior Court pleading various causes of action in connection with certain alleged injuries caused by toxic and carcinogenic chemicals allegedly released by the defendants in the Burbank and Glendale area of Los Angeles County, California. The individual plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. The Company does not believe that it caused the release of toxic and carcinogenic chemicals alleged in the complaints and believes that it shall be entitled to indemnification from BTR in the event the Company is held responsible for any damages in connection therewith. See "Legal Proceedings." EMPLOYEES AND EMPLOYEE TRAINING As of December 31, 1997, the Company had 239 employees of whom approximately 15 are in management, 54 are engineering and technical personnel, 132 are direct labor personnel, 11 are in sales and marketing and 27 are administrative personnel. The Company is not currently a party to any collective bargaining agreements. In connection with the BA Acquisition, however, the Company is required to enter into collective bargaining agreements in the United Kingdom. The Company believes that its relationships with its employees are generally good. Each of the Company's technical employees receives specific training in the individual repair and overhaul functions that he or she performs, in addition to comprehensive general training in total quality management procedures, statistical process control and material resource planning. The Company also regularly conducts in-house training programs, which the Company's management designs using standard industry practice manuals, for its technical and engineering employees on a number of subjects, including materials handling, corrosion prevention and control, surface tension etch inspection and shot peening. RISK FACTORS SAFE HARBOR STATEMENT UNDER THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995. THIS ANNUAL REPORT CONTAINS FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE "SAFE HARBOR" PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995, SUCH AS STATEMENTS OF THE COMPANY'S PLANS, OBJECTIVES, EXPECTATIONS AND INTENTIONS, THAT INVOLVE RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES THAT COULD CAUSE ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE DISCUSSED IN SUCH FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. FACTORS THAT COULD CAUSE OR CONTRIBUTE TO SUCH DIFFERENCES INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO, THOSE DISCUSSED IN THIS SECTION ENTITLED "RISK FACTORS" AS WELL AS THOSE DISCUSSED ELSEWHERE IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT. IN ADDITION TO THE OTHER INFORMATION SET FORTH IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT, PERSONS WHO MAY OWN OR INTEND TO OWN SECURITIES OF THE COMPANY SHOULD CAREFULLY CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING RISK FACTORS: AVIATION INDUSTRY RISKS The Company derives all of its sales and operating income from the services and parts that it provides to its customers in the aviation industry. Therefore, the Company's business is directly affected by economic factors and other trends that affect its customers in the aviation industry, including a possible decrease in 12. aviation activity, a decrease in outsourcing by aircraft operators or the failure of projected market growth to materialize or continue. When such economic and other factors adversely affect the aviation industry, they tend to reduce the overall demand for the Company's products and services, thereby decreasing the Company's sales and operating income. There can be no assurance that economic and other factors that might affect the aviation industry will not adversely affect the Company's results of operations. See "Business--Market and Industry Overview." FLUCTUATIONS IN RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The Company's operating results are affected by a number of factors, including the timing of orders for the repair and overhaul of landing gear and fulfillment of such contracts, the timing of expenditures to manufacture parts and purchase inventory in anticipation of future services and sales, parts shortages that delay work in progress, general economic conditions and other factors. Although the Company has secured several long-term agreements to service multiple aircraft, the Company receives sales under these agreements only when it actually performs a repair or overhaul. Because the average time between landing gear overhauls is seven years, the work orders that the Company receives and the number of repairs or overhauls that the Company performs in particular periods may vary significantly causing the Company's quarterly sales and results of operations to fluctuate substantially. The Company is unable to predict the timing of the actual receipt of such orders and, as a result, significant variations between forecasts and actual orders will often occur. In addition, the Company's need to make significant expenditures to support new aircraft in advance of generating revenues from repairing or overhauling such aircraft may cause the Company's quarterly operating results to fluctuate. Furthermore, the rescheduling of the shipment of any large order, or portion thereof, or any production difficulties or delays by the Company, could have a material adverse effect on the Company's quarterly operating results. RISKS RELATING TO ACQUISITION STRATEGY; ESTABLISHMENT OF UNITED KINGDOM OPERATIONS In February 1998, the Company acquired the BA Assets using approximately $9.2 million of the proceeds from the Offering. See "Business--Recent Developments--Acquisition of Certain Assets of British Airways" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations-Liquidity and Capital Resources." In the future, the Company may attempt to grow by acquiring other service and parts providers whose operations or inventories complement or expand the Company's existing repair and overhaul businesses or whose strategic locations enable the Company to expand into new geographic markets. The Company's ability to grow by acquisition depends upon, and may be limited by, the availability of suitable acquisition candidates and the Company's capital resources. Acquisitions involve risks that could adversely affect the Company's operating results, including the assimilation of the operations and personnel of acquired companies, the potential amortization of acquired intangible assets and the potential loss of key employees of acquired companies. Although the Company investigates the operations and assets that it acquires, there may be liabilities that the Company fails or is unable to discover, and for which the Company as a successor owner or operator may be liable. In addition, costs and charges, including legal and accounting fees and reserves and write-downs relating to an acquisition, may be incurred by the Company or may be reported in connection with any such acquisition, including the BA Acquisition. The Company evaluates acquisition opportunities from time to time, but the Company has not entered into any commitments or binding agreements to date, except with respect to the BA Acquisition. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to consummate acquisitions on satisfactory terms, or at all, or that it will be successful in integrating any such acquisitions, including the BA Acquisition, into its operations. The Company has no history or experience operating in the United Kingdom. Accordingly, establishing operations in the United Kingdom will subject the Company to all of the risks inherent in the establishment of a new business enterprise. The likelihood of the success of the Company's United Kingdom operations must be considered in light of the problems, expenses, difficulties, complications and delays frequently encountered in connection with a new business. These include, without limitation, the need to establish manufacturing, marketing and administrative capabilities, the need to implement the Company's management information systems in its new 13. location, the need to locate and move into a new facility, unanticipated marketing problems, new competitive pressures and expenses. RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH EXPANSION OF INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS The Company's growth strategy is based in large part on the Company's ability to expand its international operations, which will require significant management attention and financial resources. The Company currently has a division in the Netherlands, and through the BA Acquisition, the Company plans to expand further its international customer base. There can be no assurance that the Company's efforts to expand operations internationally will be successful. Failure to increase revenue in international markets could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, operating results and financial condition. In addition, international operations are subject to a number of risks, including longer receivable collection periods and greater difficulty in accounts receivable collections, unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, foreign currency fluctuations, import and export restrictions and tariffs, difficulties and costs of staffing and managing foreign operations, potentially adverse tax consequences, political instability, the burdens of complying with multiple, potentially conflicting laws and the impact of business cycles and economic instability outside the United States. Moreover, the Company's operating results could also be adversely affected by seasonality of international sales, which are typically lower in Asia in the first calendar quarter and in Europe in the third calendar quarter. In addition, inflation in such countries could increase the Company's expenses. These international factors could have a material adverse effect on future sales of the Company's products to intentional end-users and, consequently, the Company's business, operating results and financial condition. The Company's sales are principally denominated in United States dollars and to some extent in Dutch guilders, and the Company expects to make material sales in British pounds as a result of the BA Acquisition. The Company makes substantial inventory purchases in French francs from such suppliers as Messier-Bugatti, Societe D'Applications Des Machines Motrices and Eurocopter France. The Company's Netherlands facility's inventory purchases are primarily United States dollar denominated, while sales and operating expenses are partially denominated in Dutch guilders. To date, the Company's business has not been significantly affected by currency fluctuations or inflation. However, the Company conducts business in the Netherlands and expects to conduct business in the United Kingdom, and thus fluctuations in currency exchange rates could cause the Company's products to become relatively more expensive in particular countries, leading to a reduction in sales in that country. As a result of the BA Acquisition, the Company may engage in additional foreign currency denominated sales or pay material amounts of expenses in foreign currencies that may generate gains and losses due to currency fluctuations. The Company's operating results could be adversely affected by such fluctuations or as result of inflation in particular countries where material expenses are incurred. SUBSTANTIAL COMPETITION Numerous companies compete with the Company in the aviation services industry. The Company primarily competes with various repair and overhaul organizations, which include the service arms of OEMs, the maintenance departments or divisions of large commercial airlines (some of which also offer maintenance services to third parties) and independent organizations such as the Aerospace Division of B.F. Goodrich Company, the Landing Gear Division of AAR Corporation, Revima, a company organized and operating under the laws of France, and Dowty Aerospace Aviation Services. The Company's major competitors in its hydromechanical components business include AAR and OEMs such as Sunstrand, Aeroquip Vickers, Inc.. Parker-Hannifin Corporation, Messier-Bugatti and Lucas. The Company expects that competition in its industry will increase substantially as a result of industry consolidations and alliances in response to the trend in the aviation industry toward outsourcing of repair and overhaul services. In addition, as the Company moves into new geographic or product markets it will encounter new competition. 14. The Company believes that the primary competitive factors in its marketplace are quality, price, rapid turnaround time and industry experience. Certain of the Company's competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than the Company. These competitors may have the ability to adapt more quickly to changes in customer requirements, may have stronger customer relationships and greater name recognition and may devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than the Company. There can be no assurance that competitive pressures will not materially and adversely affect the Company's business, financial condition or results of operations. See "Business--Competition." GOVERNMENT REGULATION The Company is highly regulated worldwide by the Federal Aviation Administration, the Joint Airworthiness Authority, a consortium of European regulatory authorities, and various other foreign regulatory authorities, including the Dutch Air Agency, which regulates the Company's Netherlands' operations and the Civil Aviation Authority, which regulates the Company's United Kingdom operations. These regulatory authorities require aircraft to be maintained under continuous condition monitoring programs and to periodically undergo thorough inspection. In addition, all parts must be certified by the FAA and equivalent regulatory agencies in foreign countries and conformed to regulatory standards before they are installed on an aircraft. The Company is a certified FAA and JAA approved repair station and has been granted Parts Manufacturer Approvals by the FAA Manufacturing Inspectors District Office. In addition, the Company's operations are regularly audited and accredited by the Coordinating Agency for Supplier Evaluation, formed by commercial airlines to approve FAA approved repair stations and aviation parts suppliers. If material authorizations or approvals were revoked or suspended, the Company's operations would be materially and adversely affected. As the Company attempts to commence operations in countries in which it has not previously operated, it will need to obtain new certifications and approvals, and any delay or failure in attaining such certifications or approvals could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial conditions and results of operations. In addition, if in the future new and more stringent regulations are adopted by foreign or domestic regulatory agencies, the Company's business may be materially and adversely affected. DEPENDENCE ON KEY SUPPLIERS The Company purchases landing gear spare parts and components for a variety of fixed wing aircraft and helicopters. The Company has separate 10-year agreements that each expire in October 2006 with (i) Dunlop Limited, Aviation Division, (ii) Dunlop Limited, Precision Rubber and (iii) Dunlop Equipment Division. Under two of these agreements, the Company is entitled to purchase at a discount from list price Dunlop parts for resale and for use in the repair and overhaul of a variety of fixed wing aircraft and helicopters. For the years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997, the Company's single largest supplier was Dunlop, accounting for approximately $5,634,000 (27%) and $4,301,000 (19.3%), respectively, of the spare parts and components that the Company purchased in such periods. Failure by any one of these divisions of Dunlop to renew its agreement on similar terms when it expires could have a material adverse affect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, the Company has agreements with Messier-Bugatti, SAMM and Eurocopter France that enable the Company to purchase new aircraft parts at discounts from list price. Many of the Company's supplier agreements, other than its agreements with Dunlop, are short-term and can be terminated by the suppliers upon providing 90 days prior written notice. A decision by any one of these suppliers to terminate their agreements would eliminate the competitive advantage the Company derives therefrom and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. 15. SHORTAGES OF SUPPLY; INVENTORY OBSOLESCENCE The Company's inventory consists principally of new, overhauled, serviceable and repairable aircraft landing gear parts and components that it purchases primarily from OEMs, parts resellers and customers. The Company believes it maintains a sufficient supply of inventory to meet its current and immediately foreseeable production schedule. However, the Company may fail to order sufficient parts in advance to meet its work requirements, a particular part may be unavailable when the Company needs it from its suppliers or the Company unexpectedly may receive one or more large orders simultaneously for repair and overhaul services. As a result, the Company may on occasion face parts shortages that delay its production schedule and prevent it from meeting required turnaround times. Delays or failure to meet turnaround times could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, regulatory standards may change in the future, causing parts which are currently included in the Company's inventory to be scrapped or modified. Aircraft manufacturers may also develop new parts to be used in lieu of parts already contained in the Company's inventory. In all such cases, to the extent that the Company has such parts or excess parts in its inventory, their value will be reduced, which would adversely affect the Company's financial condition. CUSTOMER CONCENTRATION; CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISKS A small number of customers have historically accounted for a substantial part of the Company's revenue in any given fiscal period. Sales derived from FedEx and the USCG accounted for 18.4%, and 11.2%, respectively, of product sales for the year ended December 31, 1996 and 19.3% and 6.5%, respectively, of product sales for the year ended December 31, 1997. Some of the Company's long-term service agreements may be terminated by the customers upon providing the Company with 90 days prior written notice, and the Company's agreement with the USCG is subject to termination at any time at the convenience of the government. In addition, the Company's sales are made primarily on the basis of purchase orders rather than long-term agreements. The Company expects that a small number of customers will continue to account for a substantial portion of its sales for the foreseeable future. As a result, the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected by the decision of a single customer to cease using the Company's products. In addition, there can be no assurance that sales from customers that have accounted for significant sales in past periods, individually or as a group, will continue, or if continued, will reach or exceed historical levels in any future period. See "Business--Customers." At December 31, 1997, 18.9% and 6.1%, respectively of the Company's total accounts receivable were associated with two customers, FedEx and British Airways. At December 31, 1996, 7.4% and 9.3%, respectively of the Company's total accounts receivable were associated with FedEx and the USCG. As a result of the BA Acquisition, British Airways accounts for a significant percentage of both the Company's products sales and accounts receivable. Although the Company has not had any material difficulties in collecting its accounts receivable during the past three years, the Company cannot ensure that it will not have difficulty collecting receivables in the future. Any inability by the Company to collect material amounts of receivables under its service agreements could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS The Company's operations are subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, state and local environmental laws and substantial related regulation by government agencies, including the EPA, the California Environmental Protection Agency and the United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration. Among other matters, these regulatory authorities impose requirements that regulate the operation, handling, transportation and disposal of hazardous materials generated by the Company during the normal course of its operations, govern the health and safety of the Company's employees and require the 16. Company to obtain and maintain permits in connection with its operations. This extensive regulatory framework imposes significant compliance burdens and risks on the Company and, as a result, substantially affects its operational costs. In addition, the Company may become liable for the costs of removal or remediation of certain hazardous substances released on or in its facilities without regard to whether or not the Company knew of, or caused, the release of such substances. The Company believes that it currently is in material compliance with applicable laws and regulations and is not aware of any material environmental problem at any of its current or former facilities. There can be no assurance, however, that its prior activities did not create a material problem for which the Company could be responsible or that future uses or conditions (including, without limitation, changes in applicable environmental laws and regulation, or an increase in the amount of hazardous substances generated by the Company's operations) will not result in any material environmental liability to the Company and materially and adversely affect the Company's financial condition and results of operations. The Company's plating operations, which use a number of hazardous materials and generate a significant volume of hazardous waste, increase the Company's regulatory compliance burden and compound the risk that the Company may encounter a material environmental problem in the future. Furthermore, compliance with laws and regulations in foreign countries in which the Company locates its operations may cause future increases in the Company's operating costs or otherwise adversely affect the Company's results of operations or financial condition. See "Business--Environmental Matters and Proceedings" and "Legal Proceedings." PRODUCT LIABILITY RISKS The Company's business exposes it to possible claims for personal injury, death or property damage which may result from the failure or malfunction of landing gear, hydromechanical components or aircraft spare parts repaired or overhauled by the Company. Many factors beyond the Company's control could lead to liability claims, including the failure of the aircraft on which landing gear or hydromechanical components overhauled by the Company is installed, the reliability of the customer's operators of the aircraft and the maintenance of the aircraft by the customers. The Company currently has in force aviation products liability and premises insurance, which the Company believes provides coverage in amounts and on terms that are generally consistent with industry practice. The Company has not experienced any material product liability claims related to its products. However, the Company may be subject to a material loss to the extent that a claim is made against the Company that is not covered in whole or in part by insurance and for which any third-party indemnification is not available. There can be no assurance that the amount of product liability insurance that the Company carries at the time a product liability claim may be made will be sufficient to protect the Company. A product liability claim in excess of the amount of insurance carried by the Company could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, there can be no assurance that insurance coverages can be maintained in the future at an acceptable cost. DEPENDENCE ON KEY PERSONNEL The continued success of the Company depends to a large degree upon the services of certain of its executive officers and upon the Company's ability to attract and retain qualified managerial and technical personnel experienced in the various operations of the Company's business. Loss of the services of such employees, particularly David Lokken, President and Chief Executive Officer, Brian Aune, Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Brian Carr, Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations, or Michael Riley, Vice President-Hydromechanical Business Unit, could adversely affect the operations of the Company. The Company has entered into an employment agreement expiring October 31, 2001 with Mr. Lokken and into employment agreements expiring October 31, 1999 with Messrs. Aune, Carr and Riley. The Company has obtained key person insurance on the life of Mr. Lokken in the amount of $1,000,000. There can be no assurance that the proceeds of such insurance will be sufficient to compensate the Company in the event that Mr. Lokken dies. Competition for qualified technical personnel is intense and from time to time, the Company has experienced difficulty in attracting and retaining personnel skilled in its repair and overhaul 17. operations. There can be no assurance that these individuals will continue employment with the Company. The loss of certain key personnel could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Business--Employees and Employee Training" and "Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant." CURRENT DEPENDENCE ON PRIMARY FACILITIES; RISK ASSOCIATED WITH FACILITIES REORGANIZATION The Company's ability to manufacture repair parts and components and to perform its repair and overhaul operations depends upon the use of the Company's machinery and equipment at its Sun Valley, California, facility. Accordingly, any material disruption in the operations of its Sun Valley, California facility would have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. Such interruption or disruption could occur due to malfunctions in machinery or equipment, or to natural disasters, such as earthquakes or fires. The Company is in the process of expanding its plating operations at its Sun Valley facilities, which is not expected to be completed until the end of 1998. Any failure or delay in the expansion of its plating operations as currently planned, however, could significantly impair the Company's ability to manage its rapid growth and could have a material adverse affect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources" and "Properties." CONTROL BY EXISTING SHAREHOLDERS AND ANTI-TAKEOVER PROVISIONS As of March 12, 1998, the five shareholders (the "Unique Shareholders") of Unique Investment Corporation ("Unique") beneficially owned in the aggregate approximately 40.4% of the Company's outstanding Common Stock, and by virtue of such ownership, have effective control over all matters requiring a vote of shareholders, including the election of a majority of directors. The ownership positions of the existing shareholders, together with the authorization of blank check preferred stock and the implementation, if certain conditions are met, of a staggered board and elimination of cumulative voting in the Company's Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws, may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control of the Company, may discourage bids for the Company's Common Stock at a premium over the market price of the Common Stock and may adversely affect the market price of the Common Stock. See "Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management." STOCK PRICE VOLATILITY In recent years, the stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. These fluctuations, which are often unrelated to the operating performances of specific companies, have had a substantial effect on the market price of stocks, particularly for many small capitalization companies. Accordingly, the factors described in this Risk Factors section or market conditions in general may cause the market price of the Company's Common Stock to fluctuate, perhaps substantially. ITEM 2. PROPERTIES The Company's principal executive offices and production facilities are located in Sun Valley, California. The Company occupies the premises, comprising approximately 193,000 square feet and nine buildings pursuant to various long-term leases that expire on dates ranging between 2004 and 2010 and require the Company to make monthly rent payments ranging from $4,727 to $38,200. The Company also leases a facility comprising approximately 8,000 square feet near Amsterdam, Netherlands from which it performs, hydraulic repairs on rotor and fixed wing aircraft. The lease expires 18. in 1998 after which the Company plans to move to new and larger facilities. The Company believes that a facility will be available on terms acceptable to the Company. The Company believes that its facilities satisfy its current needs. As part of its internal growth strategy, however, the Company in early 1998 reorganized and reconfigured its Sun Valley, California location to meet its growth needs and increase the efficiency of its operations. Beginning in 1998, the Company also plans to expand its plating operations at its Sun Valley facility. In addition, the Company is currently looking for a facility in the United Kingdom to house its new United Kingdom operations. Any failure or delay in completing the expansion of plating operations as currently planned, or locating and organizing a facility in the United Kingdom, however, could significantly impair the Company's ability to manage its growth and could have a material adverse affect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations. See "--Risk Factors--Risk Associated With Facilities Reorganization" and "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations--Liquidity and Capital Resources." ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS In August 1997 and January 1998, two separate lawsuits were filed by various individuals against Lockheed Martin Corporation and various other parties, including the Company, in the Los Angeles Superior Court pleading various causes of action in connection with certain alleged injuries caused by toxic and carcinogenic chemicals allegedly released by the defendants in the Burbank and Glendale area of Los Angeles County, California. The individual plaintiffs seek unspecified compensatory and punitive damages. The Company does not believe that it caused the release of toxic and carcinogenic chemicals alleged in the complaints and believes that it shall be entitled to indemnification from BTR in the event the Company is held responsible for any damages in connection therewith. ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS During the fourth quarter of the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997, the shareholders of the Company approved the following matters: (i) the implementation of the Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan; (ii) the grant of Management Stock Options to the Company's executive officers; (iii) the adoption of the Company's Amended and Restated Bylaws; (iv) the conversion of Melanie L. Bastian's shares of Series A Preferred Stock into shares of Common Stock; and (v) the adoption of the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company which, among other things, provided for the change in the Company's name, increased the number of authorized shares of the Company's common and preferred stock and effectuated a 579.481618 for one stock split of the outstanding Common Stock. Each of these matters was approved by all of the Company's shareholders by unanimous written consent. 19. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS The Company's Common Stock is quoted on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol "HPAC." The high and low bid prices as reported by The Nasdaq Stock Market during the period from January 29, 1998, the date public trading of the Company's Common Stock commenced, to March 12, 1998 were $11.125 and $8.00, respectively. Such over-the-counter market quotations reflect inter-dealer prices, without retail mark-up, mark-down or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions. Before January 29, 1998, there was no established public trading market for the Company's Common Stock. As of March 12, 1998, there were 15 holders of record of the Company's Common Stock, which management believes held beneficially for over 400 holders. The Company has not paid cash dividends on its Common Stock since its inception and has no current plans to pay dividends on its Common Stock in the foreseeable future. The Company intends to reinvest future earnings, if any, in the development and expansion of its business. The Company's current bank credit facility prohibits the payment of dividends. Any future determination to pay dividends will depend upon the Company's combined results of operations, financial condition and capital requirements and such other factors deemed relevant by the Company's Board of Directors. RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES The following is a table of recent option grants and sales of unregistered securities:
EFFECTIVE DATE OF ISSUANCE ISSUED TO NUMBER AND TYPE OF SECURITY CONSIDERATION - - -------------- --------- --------------------------- ------------- November 1997 Four executive officers Options to Purchase 115,365 Services Rendered shares at $8 February 1998 A principal shareholder 250,000 shares of Conversion of 400 shares Common Stock of Series A Preferred Stock issued in connection with the BTR Transaction, for which Ms. Bastian paid $2,000,000 November 1997 Employee Stock Options Options to purchase Services rendered to employees, including 259,572 shares at $8 four executive officers September 30, 1997 A principal shareholder 49,948 shares of $500,000 Common Stock October 10, 1997 A principal shareholder 51,671 shares of $500,000 Common Stock
The Company believes that the issuances of securities pursuant to the foregoing transactions were exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof as transactions not involving public offerings. No underwriters were engaged in connection with any of the foregoing offers or sales of securities and no commissions were paid in connection with such sales. 20. USE OF PROCEEDS On January 29, 1998, the Company commenced the initial public offering of 2,766,667 shares of its Common Stock, pursuant to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (the "Registration Statement") (Registration No. 333-40295), which was declared effective under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by the Securities and Exchange Commission on January 29, 1998. The underwriters of the Offering were represented by EVEREN Securities, Inc. and The Seidler Companies Incorporated, acting as managing underwriters. All 2,600,000 shares of Common Stock registered under the Registration Statement for the account of the Company (consisting of an aggregate offering price of $20,800,000) and all 166,667 shares registered for the account of the selling shareholder (consisting of an aggregate offering price of $1,333,336) were sold in the Offering. In addition, on February 24, 1998 the underwriters exercised their option to purchase 415,000 additional shares of Common Stock to cover over-allotments in connection with the Offering. All of the 415,000 shares of Common Stock sold pursuant to the over-allotment option were registered for the account of the selling shareholder of the Company (consisting of an aggregate offering price of $3,320,000). The Offering has terminated. The Company incurred the following expenses in connection with the Offering (excluding expenses incurred by the selling shareholder):
Category of Expense Amount of Expense - - ------------------- ----------------- Underwriting discounts and commissions $1,456,000 Finders' fees -0- Expenses paid to or for underwriters 221,000 Other expenses 1,323,000 ---------- Total expenses $3,000,000 ---------- ----------
None of the expenses incurred by the Company in connection with the Offering was paid to directors, officers, ten percent shareholders or affiliates of the Company. Of the total net proceeds in the amount of approximately $17.8 million received by the Company from its sale of 2,600,000 shares of Common Stock in the Offering, the following amounts were used from the date of the Offering through March 12, 1998:
Category of Use Amount of Use - - --------------- ------------- Acquisition of other businesses $9.2 million Repayment of Indebtedness $7.6 million Working capital $1.0 million
None of the net proceeds to the Company of the Offering was paid to directors, officers, ten percent shareholders or affiliates of the Company. Other than the use of $9.2 million and $7.6 million of the net proceeds from the Offering for the BA Acquisition and the repayment of indebtedness, respectively, instead of $11 million and $6 million as described in the Registration Statement, the foregoing use of proceeds does not represent a material change from the use of proceeds as described in the Registration Statement. 21. ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following table sets forth for the periods and the dates indicated certain financial data which should be read in conjunction with "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and the financial statements and notes thereto included elsewhere herein. For the years ended December 31, 1993, 1994, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996 the Company was a wholly owned subsidiary of BTR Dunlop Holdings, Inc. and is presented below as the "Predecessor" financial data. Effective November 1, 1996, the Company was acquired by the Unique Shareholders and the Company's executive officers. All financial data subsequent to October 31, 1996 is presented below as the "Successor" financial data. The balance sheet data as of December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 and the statement of operations data for the fiscal year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996, two months ended December 31, 1996 and year ended December 31, 1997 are derived from the financial statements of the Company which have been audited by Ernest & Young LLP, independent accountants, and are included elsewhere herein. The balance sheet data as of December 31, 1993 and 1994 and the statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 1993 and 1994 are derived from unaudited financial statements, which are not presented elsewhere herein. The pro forma statements of operations data for the year ended December 31, 1996 are derived from the unaudited pro forma statement of operations included elsewhere herein. The unaudited financial statements have been prepared by the Company on a basis consistent with the Company's audited financial statements and, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring accruals, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company's results of operations for the period.
Predecessor(1) Successor(1) ------------------------------------------------ --------------------------------------- Ten Months Two Months Year Ended December 31, Ended Ended Year Ended December 31, ---------------------------------- October 31, December 31, ------------------------- 1993(2) 1994(2) 1995(3) 1996(4) 1996 1996 1997 ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- (Pro forma)(4)(5) STATEMENTS OF OPERATION DATA: (In thousands, except share and per share data) Revenues.............................. $29,757 $31,743 $35,012 $32,299 $ 6,705 $ 39,004 $ 40,042 Cost of revenues...................... 25,055 24,825 28,993 27,027 4,599 31,799 31,430 ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- Gross profit.......................... 4,702 6,918 6,019 5,272 2,106 7,205 9,612 Selling, general and administrative(6).................... 3,861 5,332 4,837 5,044 1,059 6,161 5,897 Restructuring charges(4).............. - - - 1,196 - 1,196 - ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- Income (loss) from operations......... 842 1,586 1,182 (968) 1,047 (152) 3,715 Interest expense, net................. (1,033) (507) (1,598) (1,609) (196) (2,305) (2,428) Miscellaneous (net)................... - - - - - - (32) ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- (192) 1,079 (416) (2,577) 851 (2,457) 1,255 Income tax expense (benefit)(7)....... (24) 29 (680) (971) 382 (934) 467 ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- Net income (loss)..................... $ 168 $ 1,050 $ 264 $(1,606) $ 469 $ (1,523) $ 788 ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- ------- -------- -------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- Pro forma net income (loss) per share................................ 0.15 $ (0.48) $ 0.25 ------------- ---------- ----------- ------------- ---------- ----------- Weighted average shares outstanding... 3,170,551 3,170,551 3,145,079 Predecessor (1) Successor (1) --------------------------------- --------------------- December 31, December 31 --------------------------------- --------------------- 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 ------- ------ ------- ------ ------ BALANCE SHEET DATA: Working capital....................... 4,070 9,966 $13,289 7,225 3,744 Total assets.......................... 22,802 25,865 35,455 35,178 40,898 Total long-term debt (excluding current portion...................... 13,754 21,404 27,310 19,150 17,700 Total shareholders' equity............ 266 (1,182) (917) 2,509 4,297
22. - - ---------------------- (1) Predecessor information represents the historical financial data of the Company when it was owned by BTR. Successor information represents the historical financial data after the BTR Transaction. See "Certain Transactions -- Acquisition of the Company from BTR" and Note 1 of Notes to Financial Statements. (2) Effective January 1, 1994 certain assets, liabilities and operations of Dunlop Aviation were merged into the Company. The merger was treated similarly to a pooling of interest for accounting purposes and, accordingly, the financial data as of and for the year ended December 31, 1993 includes those assets, liabilities and operations as if the merger occurred on January 1, 1993. Included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 1994 are approximately $501,000 of merger related expenses. (3) Fiscal 1995 includes a non-recurring charge to cost of revenues of $927,000 for disposal of inventory related to the Dunlop Merger which had operations in Chatsworth, CA and Miami, FL. Fiscal 1995 also includes a net gain of approximately $300,000 included in selling, general and administrative expenses, which represents an operating expense of $700,000 offset by an insurance reimbursement of $1,000,000 related to the EPA Claim for which the Company has been fully indemnified by BTR. The estimated total net cost of the EPA Claim recorded in fiscal 1995 was based on the information available at that time. See "Business -- Environmental Matters and Proceedings" and Notes 1 and 6 of Notes to Financial Statements. (4) Restructuring charges during the ten months ended October 31, 1996 relate to costs incurred to shut down discontinued operations of Dunlop Miami. See Note 10 of Notes to Financial Statements. In addition, the ten months ended October 31, 1996 and the pro forma year ended December 31, 1996 include a non-recurring charge of $489,000 to cost of revenues for the disposal of inventory related to the shutdown of Dunlop Miami and a non- recurring charge to cost of revenues of $574,000 for non-productive inventory of the Company. (5) The pro forma presentation gives effect to the BTR Transaction as though it had occurred on January 1, 1996. (6) Included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the ten months ended October 31, 1996 and the pro forma year ended December 31, 1996 are expenditures related to the EPA Claim of approximately $947,000. For the years ended December 31, 1993 and 1994 selling, general and administrative expenses included $122,000 and $410,000, respectively, for expenditures related to the EPA Claim. No such costs were incurred during the two months ended December 31, 1996 or the year ended December 31, 1997. See "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations -- Results of Operations." (7) Income tax expenses for the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997 include provisions of $382,000 and $467,000, respectively, primarily due to changes in deferred tax assets. No tax is actually payable for such provisions. See Note 4 of Notes to Financial Statements. 23. ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATION THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSION SHOULD BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE COMPANY'S FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND THE RELATED NOTES THERETO AND THE OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION INCLUDED ELSEWHERE IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT. WHEN USED IN THE FOLLOWING DISCUSSIONS, THE WORDS "BELIEVES", "ANTICIPATES", "INTENDS", "EXPECTS" AND SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS ARE INTENDED TO IDENTIFY FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS. SUCH STATEMENTS ARE SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES, WHICH COULD CAUSE ACTUAL RESULTS TO DIFFER MATERIALLY FROM THOSE PROJECTED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THOSE SET FORTH IN "BUSINESS--RISK FACTORS." READERS ARE CAUTIONED NOT TO PLACE UNDUE RELIANCE ON FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS, WHICH SPEAK ONLY AS OF THE DATE HEREOF. OVERVIEW CORPORATE HISTORY. The Company commenced operations in August 1980 as a California "C" corporation to provide aircraft parts sales to the aviation industry and began providing repair and overhaul services in 1987. In 1991, BTR, a United Kingdom company, acquired the Company, and in January 1994, BTR merged the Company with the operations of another wholly owned subsidiary of BTR, Dunlop Aviation, Inc., which had operations in Chatsworth, California and Miami, Florida. The more profitable operations of Dunlop were absorbed into the Company's Sun Valley, California operation to achieve economies of scale and full service capability. The Company closed Dunlop Chatsworth in February 1994 and, as a result, incurred significant integration expenses during that year. The Company incurred inventory obsolescence costs during 1995 and closed Dunlop Miami in 1996 and, as a result, incurred restructuring expenses and inventory valuation charges during 1996. These charges adversely impacted financial results for 1994, 1995 and 1996. In November 1996, BTR sold the Company for $29.8 million to Aqhawk, Inc., an entity wholly-owned by the shareholders of Unique Investment Corporation and the Company's executive officers. RECENT EVENTS. On February 3, 1998, the Company completed an initial public offering of 2,766,667 shares of Common Stock at an offering price of $8 per share. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of $18.3 million. $9.2 million of this amount, together with proceeds from the Company's amended loan agreement with Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association, were used to acquire British Airways' landing gear operation in the United Kingdom for approximately $18.5 million. This acquisition will be accounted for as a purchase of assets. The balance of the net offering proceeds was used to pay down existing indebtedness and for working capital. See "Liquidity and Capital Resources." EXPANSION INTO WIDE-BODY COMMERCIAL AIRCRAFT. The Company's operating strategy has been to increase higher margin wide-body landing gear repair and overhaul services. In that regard, revenues for the years ended December 31, 1997, December 31, 1996 (pro forma) and December 31, 1995 increased 20.2%, 51.5% and 30.7%, respectively, over their respective prior years. The increases resulted from the Company's $6.3 million capital investment program in 1994 and 1995 to expand landing gear repair capabilities for wide-body aircraft, such as the Boeing 747, 757, 767, DC10, MD10 and MD11, and Airbus models A310 and A320. These expenditures included expenses for facility improvements, purchase of machinery to handle larger landing gear and the purchase of rotable assets (i.e., landing gear shipsets exchanged with customers for an exchange fee). The Company's efforts to increase its wide-body business led to a number of key new contracts. On September 9, 1997, the Company signed a seven-year exclusive contract to provide wide-body landing gear repair and overhaul services to American Airlines, Inc. to service landing gear on all Boeing 757 aircraft within its fleet. Performance under this new contract began in February 1998. In December 1997, the Company entered into an amendment to its existing contract with FedEx to extend the term of the contract to 2007. This amendment includes service of FedEx's fleet of Airbus A310 aircraft and FedEx's program to convert DC10 passenger aircraft to MD10 cargo carriers. 24. In February 1998, in connection with the purchase of the British Airways landing gear operations, the Company entered into an exclusive seven-year service agreement to provide landing gear, flap track and flap carriage repair and overhaul services to substantially all of the aircraft operated by British Airways. RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following table sets forth certain statement of operations data for the periods indicated.
1995 1996 1997 ------------------ ------------------ ------------------- $ % $ % $ % ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ (Dollars in thousands) Revenues $35,012 100.0% $39,004 100.0% $41,042 100.0% Cost of revenues 28,993 82.8% 31,799 81.5% 31,430 76.6% ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ Gross profit 6,019 17.2% 7,205 18.5% 9,612 23.4% Selling general and administrative expenses 4,837 13.8% 6,161 15.8% 5,897 14.4% Restructuring charges related to closure of Dunlop Miami operations - - 1,196 3.1% - - ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ Operating income (loss) 1,182 3.4% (152) -0.4% 3,715 9.0% Interest expense, net (1,598) -4.6% (2,305) -5.9% (2,428) -5.8% Other expense, net - - - - (32) -0.1% ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ Income (loss) before income taxes (416) -1.2% (2,457) -6.3% 1,255 3.1% Income tax expense (benefit) (680) -1.9% (934) -2.4% 467 1.1% ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ Net income (loss) $ 264 0.7% $(1,523) -3.9% $ 788 2.0% ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------ ------- ------
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 COMPARED TO PRO FORMA YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 REVENUES. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 1997 increased $2,038,000 or 5.2% to $41,042,000 from $39,004,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. The increase was a result of a 20.2% increase in landing gear repair and overhaul services offset by reductions resulting from the Company's closure of the Dunlop Miami operations and rationalization of unprofitable product lines. Landing gear repair and overhaul revenues increased to $18,927,000 and accounted for 46.1% of total revenues for 1997, as compared to $15,745,000 or 40.4% of total revenues for 1996. The increase in landing gear repair and overhaul revenues was attributable to increases in business from FedEx's MD10 freighter conversion program and new wide-body repair and overhaul business from British Airways and American Airlines. Fixed wing aircraft and helicopter repair and overhaul declined 0.9% to $13,195,000 or 32.1% of total revenues for 1997 from $13,310,000 or 34.1% of total revenues for 1996. This decline was attributable to a reduction in helicopter repair and overhaul business from the USCG, in part due to the modifications performed by the Company in 1996 and 1997 to extend the time between overhauls for the USCG fleet of Dauphin II helicopters. Wheels, brakes and braking system component repair and overhaul increased 9.8% to $5,393,000 or 13.1% of total revenues for 1997 from $4,913,000 or 12.6% of total revenues for 1996. For the year ended December 31, 1997, repair and overhaul services accounted for 92.5% of total revenues, as compared to 90.2% for 1996. Revenues from spare parts distribution and sales accounted for 7.5% of total revenues for 1997, as compared to 8.6% for 1996. This decline was a result of the Company's decision to close the Dunlop Miami operations and discontinue the low margin Dunlop aircraft tire distribution business, which contributed to improvements in operating profits. 25. GROSS PROFIT. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 1997 increased 33.4% to $9,612,000 from $7,205,000 for 1996. Gross profit as a percent of revenues increased to 23.4% for the year ended December 31, 1997 compared to 18.5% for 1996. This increase was primarily due to (i) improved throughput and economies of scale achieved from increased revenues in wide-body landing gear repair and overhaul services, (ii) development of the Company's higher margin fixed wing aircraft and helicopter hydromechanics products and (iii) discontinuing the unprofitable Dunlop Miami operations, which adversely impacted gross profit in 1996 as a result of charges to cost of revenues for non-productive inventory. Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 1996 included a nonrecurring charge of $489,000 to dispose of certain obsolete and non-productive inventory related to closing Dunlop Miami and a charge of $574,000 primarily related to other non-productive inventory at the Company's Sun Valley operations, including inventory related to Dunlop Aviation. Excluding these charges, gross profit would have been $8,268,000 or 21.2% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 1997 decreased $264,000 or 4.3% to $5,897,000 from $6,161,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased as a percent of revenues to 14.4% from 15.8% for the prior year. This decrease was due to $947,000 of costs related to the EPA Claim in 1996 that were not incurred in 1997. BTR indemnified the Company for costs incurred in connection with the EPA Claim. This decrease was offset by additional costs incurred in 1997 resulting from (i) the Company's efforts to expand its international market presence through sales representatives located in Europe, the Middle East and China, (ii) management fees paid to Unique Investment Corporation and (iii) expenses incurred in connection with developing the Company's relationship with British Airways. Excluding the $947,000 charge, selling, general and administrative expenses would have been $5,214,000 or 13.4% of revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996. OPERATING INCOME. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 1997 increased $3,867,000 to $3,715,000 or 9.1% of total revenues compared to an operating loss of $152,000 for 1996. Operating income for the year ended December 31, 1996 was negatively impacted by nonrecurring restructuring charges of $1,196,000 and charges to cost of revenues of $1,063,000 related to the closure of the Dunlop Miami and $947,000 in costs related to the EPA claim. Excluding these charges, pro forma operating income for the year ended December 31, 1996 would have been $3,054,000 or 7.8% of revenues. INCOME TAXES. Income taxes for the year ended December 31, 1997 were $467,000 compared to an income tax benefit of $934,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 1997 was 37.2% compared to 38.0% for 1996. The effective tax rate for the periods differs from the federal statutory rate of 34.0% due to certain nondeductible expenses. At December 31, 1997, the Company had net operating loss carryforwards of $7,892,000. The utilization of these operating loss carryforwards is limited due to changes in the Company's ownership in November 1996. At December 31, 1997, the Company had a valuation reserve of $659,000 for the deferred tax assets. To the extent the Company generates sufficient income, the Company anticipates that this reserve will be reversed in 1998 as a reduction to the tax expense, thereby reducing the effective tax rate in 1998. NET INCOME. As a result of the factors described above, net income for the year ended December 31, 1997 of $788,000 represents an increase of $2,311,000 from the net loss of $1,523,000 for the year ended December 31, 1996. PRO FORMA YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1996 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1995 REVENUES. Revenues for the year ended December 31, 1996 increased 11.4% to $39,004,000 from $35,012,000 for 1995. Repair and overhaul service revenues for 1996 accounted 26. for 90.2% of revenues, as compared to 84.0% of revenues for 1995. Revenues for spare parts distribution and sales accounted for 8.6% of total revenues for 1996, as compared to 13.8% for 1995. The increase in repair revenue as a percentage of total revenue was a result of the Company's decision to discontinue the low margin Dunlop Miami aircraft tire spare parts distribution business in May 1996. Revenues from landing gear repair and overhaul increased 51.5% to $15,745,000 or 40.4% of total revenues in 1996, compared to $10,394,000 or 29.7% of total revenues for 1995. This increase in revenues for landing gear repair and overhaul was attributable to increased volume from the Company's largest customer, FedEx, and to new wide-body repair and overhaul business from other customers including US Airways, Inc., Air Canada, Trans World Airlines and American Airlines. Fixed wing aircraft and helicopter hydromechanics repair and overhaul increased 12.7% to $13,310,000 or 34.1% of total revenues for 1996, as compared to $11,811,000 or 33.7% of 1995 revenues. This increase in revenues was attributable to increases in helicopter repair and overhaul business from the U.S. Coast Guard for 1996. The Dunlop Miami operation, which operated at a loss was closed in May 1996 and contributed $2,048,000 or 5.3% of total revenues for 1996 compared to $7,404,000 or 21.1% of revenues for 1995. GROSS PROFIT. Gross profit for 1996 increased 19.7% to $7,205,000 for 1996 from $6,019,000 for 1995. Gross profit increased as a percent of revenues to 18.5% for 1996 compared to 17.2% for 1995. This increase was primarily due to (i) a 51.5% increase in revenues from landing gear repair and overhaul services, (ii) further development of higher margin fixed wing aircraft and helicopter hydromechanics products and (iii) discontinuing the unprofitable Dunlop Miami operations. Gross profit for 1996 included a nonrecurring charge of $489,000 to dispose of certain obsolete and non-productive inventory related to closing the Dunlop Miami operations and a charge of $574,000 primarily related to other obsolete and non-productive inventory related to Dunlop Aviation at the Company's Sun Valley operations. Excluding these charges, gross profit would have been $8,268,000 or 21.2% of revenue for 1996. SELLING, GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE EXPENSES. Selling, general and administrative expenses for 1996 increased $1,324,000 or 27.4% to $6,161,000 from $4,837,000 for 1995. This was a result of the Company's efforts to expand its international market presence through overseas representatives in Europe, the Middle East and China. In addition, 1996 included $947,000 of costs related to the EPA Claim, and 1995 included a net gain of approximately $300,000 due to an insurance reimbursement of $1,000,000 for legal defense costs related to the EPA Claim, for which the Company has been fully indemnified by BTR. Selling, general and administrative expense increased as a percent of revenues to 15.8% for 1996 from 13.8% for 1995 as a result of the above items offset by increased revenues in 1996 over 1995. OPERATING INCOME. Operating income for 1996 declined $1,334,000 to a loss of $152,000 or 0.4% of revenues, as compared to an operating income of $1,182,000 for 1995. Operating income for 1996 was negatively impacted by nonrecurring restructuring charges of $1,196,000 and charges to cost of revenues of $1,063,000 related to closing the Dunlop Miami operation and $947,000 in costs related to the EPA Claim. Excluding these charges, pro forma operating income for 1996 would have been $3,054,000 or 7.8% of revenues. NET INTEREST EXPENSES. Net interest expense for 1996 increased by 44.2% to $2,305,000 from $1,598,000 for 1995. Interest expense for 1996 has been adjusted, on a pro forma basis, to give effect to the BTR Transaction as if it happened on January 1, 1996. As a result of this pro forma adjustment, interest expense was increased to give effect to the Company's existing credit facilities, which are at higher interest rates than charged by BTR for inter-company advances. Interest income was not significant in either period. 27. INCOME TAXES. The income tax benefit for 1996 was $934,000 compared to an income tax benefit of $680,000 for 1995. The effective tax rate for 1996 was 38.0% compared to 163.5% for 1995. The effective tax rate for 1995 includes a benefit of $525,000 from the reduction of a deferred tax valuation allowance that was no longer required since the Company was part of a consolidated group, and the deferred tax assets became recoverable. NET INCOME. As a result of the factors described above, the net loss for 1996 of $1,523,000 represented a decrease of $1,787,000 from net income of $264,000 for 1995. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES Since the BTR Transaction, the Company's working capital and funds for capital expenditures have been provided by cash generated from operations, borrowings under the Company's working capital credit facilities and cash received from the sale of Common Stock. In November 1996, the Company entered into a loan agreement with Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association ("Bank of America") for a $10.0 million revolving line of credit, a $13.5 million term loan and a $3.0 million capital expenditures facility. A portion of the credit facility and the entire term loan were used to finance partially the acquisition of the Company from BTR. At the Company's election, each of the facilities under the agreement bears interest at a fixed bank reference rate or variable rate above IBOR. As of December 31, 1997, $8.5 million was outstanding under the revolving credit facility, and $12.7 million was outstanding under the term loan. On January 23, 1998, the Company and Bank of America entered into the Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement (the "Amended Loan Agreement"), which agreement increased the maximum amount of credit available to the Company from $26.5 million to $45.5 million. The credit facilities of the Amended Loan Agreement became available upon the completion of the Company's initial public offering and consummation of the BA Acquisition. The Company used approximately $9.2 million of the proceeds available under the Amended Loan Agreement to fund a portion of the purchase price of the BA Assets. The Amended Loan Agreement provides the Company with a $15.0 million revolving line of credit, a $24.5 million term loan, and a $6.0 million capital expenditure facility. The revolving line of credit matures in three years, and the term loan and capital expenditure facilities mature in seven years. The Amended Loan Agreement is secured by a lien on all of the assets of the Company, including the BA Assets. At the Company's election, the rate of interest on each of the three facilities available under the Amended Loan Agreement is either Bank of America's reference rate or the inter-bank eurodollar rates on either, at the Company's option, the London market or the Cayman Islands market. In connection with the BA Acquisition, the Company and British Airways have agreed to enter into the exclusive seven-year Services Agreement, which the Company anticipates will result in substantial revenue from the repair and overhaul services and related spare parts sales to support the aircraft operated by British Airways. The Company also expects to incur additional operating and interest costs as a result of the BA Acquisition. Such increases in operating costs will include additional depreciation expense associated with the allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired, additional rent expense associated with leasing facilities in the United Kingdom and additional salary and overhead costs associated with establishing operations to support British Airways utilizing the BA Assets. In addition, interest expense will increase due to the initial borrowing to fund the acquisition of the BA Assets and subsequent borrowings for working capital and to fund capital expenditures. Cash provided (used) by the Company for operating activities amounted to $(4,223,000), $(230,000) and $322,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997, respectively. Cash used by the Company for investing activities amounted to $4,114,000, $1,199,000 and $3,464,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997, respectively. These activities were for the purchase of machinery, leasehold improvements and landing gear rotable assets, net of proceeds received for disposal of equipment and rotable 28. assets. In September 1997, the Company acquired $3.2 million in Boeing 757 rotable assets and inventory from American Airlines in connection with the seven-year exclusive contract to support American Airlines' fleet. A deposit of 10% of the $3.2 million was made to American Airlines in September 1997. The balance payable of $2.9 million was included in accounts payable and is due to American Airlines when work under the contract commences in February 1998. The Company plans to pay this balance from additional borrowings under the Company's Amended Loan Agreement. The Company also plans to use $1.5 million from funds provided under its Amended Loan Agreement to repay a portion of the $6.5 million subordinated debt owed to a principal shareholder of the Company. Cash provided by the Company for financing activities in 1995 primarily related to additional borrowings from the Company's parent, BTR, for investments in wide-body Boeing 747 and DC10 landing gear shipsets and working capital. Cash generated for financing activities in the two months ended December 31, 1996 primarily related to the borrowings under the current credit facilities and the issuance of preferred stock for $2.0 million to fund the acquisition of the Company from BTR. Cash provided from financing activities for the year ended December 31, 1997 related to borrowings to fund leasehold improvements at a new facility, expenditures to increase landing gear repair and overhaul capacity and the acquisition of landing gear rotable assets. In April 1997, the Company entered into a 13-year lease for a 77,800 square foot facility adjacent to its existing location in Sun Valley, California. Occupancy costs under the Company's existing facilities in Sun Valley and in the Netherlands amount to approximately $1.1 million per year. See Note 7 of Notes to Financial Statements. The Company is seeking to lease a newly constructed facility in the United Kingdom in connection with the BA Acquisition, and has identified two possible construction sites. The Services Agreement with British Airways permits the Company to occupy temporarily the premises in which the BA Assets are currently housed through December 31, 1999. Rent payments aggregating L1.8 million ($2.9 million at December 31, 1997) for the period from June 1, 1998 through June 30 1999, will be paid to British Airways on a monthly basis, whether or not the Company continues to occupy the premises during such period. Beginning July 1, 1999, rental amounts will increase to L8,500 ($13,900 at December 31, 1997) per day, which amount will be proportionately reduced as the Company returns space to British Airways. Assuming the Company can enter into a lease or begin construction of a new facility by April 1998, the Company believes it will be able to relocate a substantial portion of the facilities during the first half of 1999, but that plating operations as well as certain other areas will remain at the British airways location through at least the third quarter of 1999. The Company has budgeted approximately $1.4 million in occupancy expenses for the remainder of 1998 following the BA Acquisition, although there can be no assurance that this estimate will not be exceeded. The Company anticipates making capital expenditures of approximately $3.2 million during fiscal 1998 at its Sun Valley operations for plating shop expansion, rotable assets, landing gear handling equipment and leasehold improvements to expand the Company's repair and overhaul capacity. This expansion is a continuation of the Company's 1997 facilities expansion, which included a significant increase in square footage primarily devoted to landing gear repair and overhaul in addition to expansion of its Constant Speed Drive and Integrated Drive Generator Shop. The majority of the expenditure in 1998 and 1999 will be to expand the electro-plating shop capacity at the Sun Valley operations. This expenditure will be financed from cash flow from operations and borrowings under new credit facilities. In connection with the BA Acquisition, the Company anticipates making capital expenditures of approximately $1.3 million in 1998 for the purchase of rotable assets and $3 million in 1999 to relocate the British Airways' landing gear operations to a new facility, which include expenditures for leasehold improvements, handling equipment and machinery and an electro-plating shop. Capital expenditures related to the new facility in the United Kingdom will be financed from cash flow from operations and borrowings under new credit facilities. In connection with the BA Acquisition, the Company anticipates it will capitalize 29. approximately $1.0 million of manufacturing expenses incurred at its new United Kingdom operations to overhaul and make serviceable the landing gear rotable assets it acquired from British Airways in 1998. The Company believes that funds generated from operations, the net proceeds of the Offering and available borrowings under new credit facilities will be sufficient to meet operating needs and other capital equipment requirements of the Company for the year ending December 31, 1998. FOREIGN EXCHANGE To date, the Company's business has not been significantly affected by currency fluctuations. However, the Company conducts business in the Netherlands and will conduct business in the United Kingdom and thus fluctuations in currency exchange rate could cause the Company's products to become relatively more expensive in particular countries, leading to a reduction in revenues in that country. The Company makes substantial inventory purchases in French francs from such suppliers as Messier-Dowty, SAMM and Eurocopter France. During 1996 and 1997, the United States dollar has strengthened against the French franc, creating a favorable exchange rate variance for the Company. The Company's Netherlands facility's transactions are primarily United States dollar denominated for inventory purchases while revenues and operating expenses are partially in Dutch guilder. The Company's revenues are primarily denominated in United States dollars and to some extent in Dutch guilders, and the Company expects to make material sales in British pounds sterling following the BA Acquisition. The Company's payment of the purchase price for the BA Acquisition was denominated in pounds. To hedge against the fluctuation of pounds to dollars, the Company had entered into a transaction, which permitted it to purchase approximately $17 million of pounds at a rate of 1.6373 dollars per pound. The balance of the purchase price was not hedged, although the spot rate when the BA Acquisition was completed was similar to the forward hedge rate. The Company will continue to evaluate hedging options in the future. Upon completion of the BA Acquisition, the Company may engage in additional foreign currency denominated sales or pay material amounts of expenses in foreign currencies that may generate gains and losses due to currency fluctuations. QUARTERLY REVENUES FLUCTUATIONS The Company's operating results are affected by a number of factors, including the timing of orders for the repair and overhaul of landing gear and fulfillment of such contracts, the timing of expenditures to manufacture parts and purchase inventory in anticipation of future services and sales, parts shortages that delay work in progress, general economic conditions and other factors. Although the Company has secured several long-term agreements to service multiple aircraft, the Company receives revenues under those agreements only when it actually performs a repair or overhaul. Because the average time between landing gear overhauls is seven years, the work orders that the Company receives and the number of repairs or overhauls that the Company performs in particular periods may vary significantly causing the Company's quarterly revenues and results of operations to fluctuate substantially. The Company is unable to predict the timing of the actual receipt of such orders and, as a result, significant variations between forecasts and actual orders will often occur. Furthermore, the rescheduling of the shipment of any large orders, or portion thereof, or any production difficulties or delays by the Company, could impact the Company's quarterly operating results. INFLATION Although the Company cannot accurately anticipate the effect of inflation on its operations, the Company does not believe that inflation has had, or is likely in the foreseeable future to have, a material effect on its results of operations or financial condition. 30. YEAR 2000 The Company is currently working to resolve the potential impact of the year 2000 on the processing of date-sensitve information by the Company's computerized information systems. The year 2000 problem is the result of computer programs being written using two digits (rather than four) to define the applicable year. Any of the Company's programs that have time-sensitive software may recognize a date using "00" as the year 1900 rather than the year 2000, which could result in miscalculation or system failures. Based on preliminary information, costs of addressing potential problems are currently not expected to have a material adverse impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows in future periods. However, if the Company, its customers or vendors are unable to resolve such processing issues in a timely manner, it could result in a material financial risk. Accordingly, the Company plans to devote the necessary resources to resolve all significant year 2000 issues in a timely manner. ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Reference is made to Part IV, Item 14 of this Form 10-K for the information required by Item 8. ITEM 9. CHANGES AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. 31. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND DIRECTORS The following sets forth certain information regarding the Company's executive officers and directors:
NAME AGE POSITION ---- --- -------- Scott W. Hartman........................... 34 Chairman of the Board(1)(2)(4) David L. Lokken............................ 51 President, Chief Executive Officer and Director(2)(4) Brian S. Aune.............................. 42 Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Brian S. Carr.............................. 40 Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations Richard Adey............................... 39 Managing Director of United Kingdom Operations Michael A. Riley........................... 51 Vice President--Hydromechanical Business Unit Daniel J. Lubeck........................... 35 Secretary and Director(2) John G. Makoff............................. 34 Director Joel F. McIntyre........................... 59 Director(1)(3) Daniel C. Toomey, Jr....................... 34 Director(1)(3) Mellon C. Baird............................ 67 Director(3)(4)
- - -------------------- (1) Member of Compensation Committee (2) Member of Nominating Committee (3) Member of Audit Committee (4) Member of Executive Committee SCOTT W. HARTMAN became a director of the Company in December 1996 and became Chairman of the Board of the Company in March 1997. Since March 1995, Mr. Hartman has served as Chief Operating Officer of Unique. From December 1993 until he joined Unique, Mr. Hartman served as Chief Executive Officer of Nucor World Industries, a private holding company. From December 1991 until December 1993, Mr. Hartman served as a Vice President of Business Development for City National Bank, and from May 1983 until he joined City National Bank, he held various management positions with Emerson Electric Company. Mr. Hartman earned a B.S. from Indiana University. DAVID L. LOKKEN joined the Company in May 1989 as Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer and has served as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company since June 1993. From November 1985 until he joined the Company, Mr. Lokken served a Vice President and General Manager of Cleveland Pneumatic's Product Service Division. Mr. Lokken holds a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from North Dakota State University and an M.B.A. from Arizona State University. BRIAN S. AUNE joined the Company as Vice President of Finance and Administration in 1992 and has served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company since August 1994. Before joining the Company, Mr. Aune held various finance and management positions with Dunlop Aviation, BEI Motion Systems Electronics and Eastman Kodak. Mr. Aune has a B.A. in Accounting from Eastern Washington University and an M.B.A. from the University of San Diego. BRIAN S. CARR became Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations in November 1997 after having served as Vice President-Landing Gear Business Unit since he joined the Company in January 1993. From 1980 until he joined the Company, Mr. Carr held various engineering, technical sales and management 32. positions with Cleveland Pneumatic's Product Service Division and Dowty Aerospace. Mr. Carr holds a B.S. in Aerospace Engineering Technology from Kent State University. RICHARD ADEY became the Company's Managing Director of United Kingdom Operations following the BA Acquisition. Since March 1996, Mr. Adey has been a Senior Manager for British Airways Engineering, in charge of overhauling landing gear, flap tracks and flap carriages on British Airways' aircraft. From 1994 until he joined British Airways Engineering, Mr. Adey served as Operations Director for Woodhead Manufacturing Ltd. From 1984 through 1993, Mr. Adey served as a Senior Consultant with Coopers & Lybrand, specializing in operations management and process improvement within commercial organizations. Mr. Adey holds a BSc in Production Engineering and Engineering Management from the University of Nottingham and an MSc in Manufacturing Technology and Business Management from Cranfield Institute. MICHAEL A. RILEY joined the Company's predecessor as Vice President of Marketing in October 1989 and has served as Vice President-Hydromechanical Business Unit since January 1994. From 1982 until he joined the Company, Mr. Riley held various positions in the aerospace/aircraft industry with Abex Aerospace and Dunlop Aviation. Mr. Riley served as a helicopter pilot in the United States Navy and received a B.S. in Engineering from the United States Naval Academy, Annapolis, Maryland. DANIEL J. LUBECK joined the Company as Secretary and a director in December 1996. Since July 1996, Mr. Lubeck has served as President of Unique. From March 1993 until he joined Unique, Mr. Lubeck was an attorney with McIntyre, Borgess & Burns, a multi-service law firm, after having worked as an attorney with Paul, Hastings, Janofsky & Walker from 1987 until 1992 and with Manatt, Phelps & Philips, LLP from 1992 until 1993. Mr. Lubeck earned a J.D. from University of Southern California and holds a B.A. from University of California San Diego. JOHN G. MAKOFF became a director of the Company in December 1996. Mr. Makoff founded Unique in June 1993 and currently serves as its Chief Executive Officer. From June 1991 until he founded Unique, Mr. Makoff served as Manager for Computerland of Pasadena, Inc., a computer reseller. Mr. Makoff holds a B.A. from Lewis & Clark University. JOEL F. MCINTYRE became a director of the Company in February 1998. From 1963 through 1993, Mr. McIntyre was an attorney with the law firm of Paul, Hastings, Janofsky and Walker. In 1993, Mr. McIntyre founded the law firm of McIntyre, Borges & Burns LLP and currently serves as its Managing Partner. Mr. McIntyre currently serves on the Board of Directors of International Aluminum Corporation, a publicly-held company. Mr. McIntyre received a B.A. from Stanford University in 1960 and J.D. from University of California, Los Angeles in 1963. DANIEL C. TOOMEY, JR. became a director of the Company in February 1998. Since January 1998, Mr. Toomey has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of Nomadix, LLC. Mr. Toomey served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Eltron International, Inc., a publicly-held company ("Eltron"), from October 1992 until December 1997. From 1987 until he joined Eltron, Mr. Toomey was employed with Arthur Andersen LLP, where he served as Manager in the Enterprise Division of its Woodland Hills, California office. Mr. Toomey received a B.A. from the University of California, Los Angeles in 1986. MELLON C. BAIRD became a director of the Company in March 1998. Mr. Baird has served as Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Delfin Systems since 1990. From 1987 to 1989, Mr. Baird served as President and Chief Executive Officer of Tracor, Inc., a privately-held company ("Tracor"). From 1986 until 1987, Mr. Baird served as President, Chief Operating Officer and a director of Tracor, a publicly-held company. Mr. Baird currently serves on the Board of Directors of Software Spectrum, Inc. and 33. EDO Corporation, which are both publicly-held companies. Mr. Baird received a B.B.A. and an M.B.A. from University of North Texas in 1956 and 1961, respectively. BOARD COMMITTEES In November 1997, the Board of Directors established an Audit Committee and a Compensation Committee. The Audit Committee is composed of Messrs. McIntyre, Toomey and Baird. The functions of the Audit Committee include recommending to the Board the selection and retention of independent auditors, reviewing the scope of the annual audit undertaken by the Company's independent auditors and the progress and results of their work and reviewing the financial statements of the Company and its internal accounting and auditing procedures. The Compensation Committee is composed of Messrs. Hartman, McIntyre and Toomey. The functions of the Compensation Committee include establishing the compensation of the Chief Executive Officer, reviewing and approving executive compensation policies and practices, reviewing salaries and bonuses for certain executive officers of the Company, administering the Company's employee stock option plans and considering such other matters as may from time to time be delegated to the Compensation Committee by the Board of Directors. The function of the Nominating Committee, which consists of Messrs. Hartman, Lokken and Lubeck, is to select the slate of directors to be presented to the shareholders for election at the annual meeting of the shareholders of the Company. The Board of Directors has also established an Executive Committee to advise the Company on strategic planning matters. The Executive Committee is composed of Messrs. Hartman, Lokken and Baird. The Company's executive officers are appointed by, and serve at the discretion of, the Board of Directors of the Company. See "Executive Compensation--Employment Arrangements." The Company's Directors serve until the next annual meeting of shareholders or until successors are elected and qualified. SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 requires the Company's directors and executive officers, as well as persons who own more than ten percent of the Company's Common Stock, to file with the SEC initial reports of beneficial ownership and reports of changes in beneficial ownership of the Common Stock. Directors, executive officers and greater-than-ten-percent shareholders are required by SEC regulations to furnish the Company with copies of all Section 16(a) forms they file. Based solely on a review of copies of reports filed with the SEC and submitted to the Company, the Company believes that all of the Company's directors, executive officers and greater-than-ten-percent shareholders filed all required reports on a timely basis upon and after the consummation of the Offering. 34. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION The following table sets forth certain compensation earned or accrued during the years ended December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 by the Company's Chief Executive Officer and the Company's three other most highly compensated executive officers whose total salary and bonus during such year exceeded $100,000 (collectively, the "Named Executive Officers"): SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
ANNUAL COMPENSATION -------------------------------------------------- NAME AND PRINCIPAL POSITION YEAR SALARY BONUS(1) OTHER --------------------------- ---- -------- -------- ----------- David L. Lokken................................... 1997 $233,147 $44,358 Chief Executive Officer 1996 192,566 67,125 $173,220(2) 1995 184,256 - Brian S. Aune..................................... 1997 $117,302 $21,097 Chief Financial Officer 1996 98,440 28,763 1995 100,509 - Brian S. Carr..................................... 1997 $125,156 $21,097 Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations 1996 111,258 26,910 1995 104,785 - Michael A. Riley.................................. 1997 $113,430 $18,663 Vice President-Hydromechanical Business Unit 1996 95,584 23,550 1995 93,335 -
- - ----------------------- (1) Bonus amounts are shown in the year accrued. (2) Nonrecurring payment made for services rendered in connection with BTR's sale of the Company, of which 31% was paid in 1996 and 69% was paid in 1997. EMPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS In November 1996, the Company entered into an employment agreement with David L. Lokken pursuant to which Mr. Lokken agreed to serve as the Company's President and Chief Executive Officer. The employment agreement is for an initial term of five years and as amended in 1997 provides for an annual base salary of $205,000, a performance bonus to be awarded in accordance with the terms and conditions of a separate Management Incentive Compensation Plan, and a monthly automobile allowance of $1,500. Pursuant to the employment agreement, the Company may terminate Mr. Lokken's employment with or without cause at any time before its term expires upon providing written notice. In the event the Company terminates Mr. Lokken's employment without cause, Mr. Lokken would be entitled to receive a severance amount equal to his annual base salary for the greater of two years or the balance of the term of his employment agreement and a bonus for the year of termination. In the event of a termination by reason of Mr. Lokken's death or permanent disability, his legal representative will be entitled to receive his annual base salary for the remaining term of his employment agreement. In November 1996, the Company also entered into employment agreements with each of Brian S. Aune, the Company's Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, Brian S. Carr, the Company's Managing Director of Sun Valley Operations, and Michael A. Riley, the Company's Vice President-Hydromechanical Business Unit. The employment agreements are each for an initial term of three years and as amended in 1997 provide for annual base salaries of $130,000, $130,000 and $115,000, respectively, performance bonuses to be awarded in accordance with the terms and conditions of a separate Management Incentive Compensation Plan, and monthly automobile allowances of $750. In the event the Company terminates their employment without cause, Messrs. Aune, Carr and Riley would each be entitled to receive a severance amount equal to 35. his respective annual base salary for the greater of one year or the balance of the term of his employment agreement and a bonus for the year of termination. In the event of a termination by reason of Messrs. Aune's, Carr's or Riley's death or permanent disability, his legal representative will be entitled to receive his annual base salary for the remaining term of his employment agreement. In addition, pursuant to each of their amended employment agreements, in the event of, or termination following, a change in control of the Company, as defined in the agreements, Mr. Lokken and each of Messrs. Aune, Carr and Riley would be entitled to receive 18 and 12 months' salary, respectively, based on the total annual salary then in effect paid according to a schedule to be determined at the time such event occurs. DIRECTOR COMPENSATION Each non-employee director receives a cash fee of $1,500 per regular and special Board meeting attended in person and $1,000 per telephonic Board meeting and an additional $500 per month for being a member of one or more committees of the Board. Each non-employee director is expected to receive, as additional director compensation, such number of options as determined by the Board to purchase shares of Common Stock per year at an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. In January 1998, Daniel C. Toomey, Jr. and Joel F. McIntyre were each granted five-year options to purchase up to 14,861 shares, exercisable at the initial public offering price per share, vesting 33 1/3% per year beginning on the first anniversary of the effective date of the Offering. In March 1998, the Company granted Mellon C. Baird five-year options to purchase up to 14,861 shares, exercisable at the then market price, vesting 33 1/3% per year beginning on the first anniversary of the date of grant. The directors are also reimbursed for expenses incurred in connection with the performance of services as directors. 36. STOCK OPTIONS The following table sets forth certain information with respect to stock options granted by the Company to the Named Executive Officers during the fiscal year ended December 31, 1997: OPTION GRANT TABLE OPTION GRANTS DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997
POTENTIAL REALIZABLE VALUE AT ASSUMED ANNUAL RATES OF STOCK PRICE APPRECIATION FOR INDIVIDUAL GRANTS OPTION TERM -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------- NUMBER OF SHARES OF % OF TOTAL COMMON STOCK OPTIONS UNDERLYING GRANTED TO EXERCISE OPTIONS EMPLOYEES IN PRICE NAME GRANTED FISCAL YEAR ($/SH)(3) EXPIRATION DATE 5% 10% ---- ------------ ------------ --------- ---------------------------- ------- --------- David L. Lokken 187,471(1) 50.0% $8.00 72,105 on November 14, 2002 605,682 634,524 115,366 on November 14, 2003 969,074 1,015,220 Brian S. Aune 43,261(2) 11.5% $8.00 14,420 on November 14, 2002 121,128 126,896 28,841 on November 14, 2003 242,264 253,800 Brian S. Carr 43,261(2) 11.5% $8.00 14,420 on November 14, 2002 121,128 126,896 28,841 on November 14, 2003 242,264 253,800 Michael A. Riley 43,261(2) 11.5% $8.00 14,420 on November 14, 2002 121,128 126,896 28,841 on November 14, 2003 242,264 253,800
- - -------------------- (1) 72,105 of these options were fully vested and exercisable on the date of grant and are for a term of five years. 115,536 of these options are for a term of six years, subject to earlier termination in certain events related to termination of employment, and vest at the rate of 5% every three months after the grant date so that all of the options will be fully vested and exercisable on the fifth anniversary of the grant date. (2) 14,420 of these options were fully vested and exercisable on the date of grant and are for a term of five years. 28,861 of these options are for a term of six years, subject to earlier termination in certain events related to termination of employment, and vest at the rate of 5% every three months after the grant date so that all of the options will be fully vested and exercisable on the fifth anniversary of the grant date. (3) The exercise price and tax withholding related to exercise may be paid by delivery of already owned shares or by offset of the underlying shares, subject to certain conditions. With respect to options granted under the Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan, the stock option committee retains discretion, subject to plan limits, to modify the terms of outstanding options and to reprice the options. 37. The following table sets forth certain information with respect to stock option exercises by the Named Executive Officers during fiscal year 1997 and held by them as of December 31, 1997: OPTION EXERCISES AND YEAR-END VALUE TABLE AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
NUMBER OF SHARES OF COMMON STOCK VALUE OF UNDERLYING UNEXERCISED UNEXERCISED IN-THE-MONEY OPTIONS OPTIONS SHARES AT YEAR-END AT YEAR-END(1) ACQUIRED -------------- -------------- ON VALUE EXERCISABLE/ EXERCISABLE/ NAME EXERCISE REALIZED UNEXERCISABLE UNEXERCISABLE ---- -------- -------- -------------- -------------- David L. Lokken - - 72,105/115,366 0/0 Brian S. Aune - - 14,420/28,841 0/0 Brian S. Carr - - 14,420/28,841 0/0 Michael A. Riley - - 14,420/28,841 0/0
- - ------------------------ (1) Amounts are shown as the positive spread between the exercise price and the fair market value (based on the initial public offering price of $8.00 per share). At year-end the Company's Common Stock was not traded on an established public trading market. MANAGEMENT STOCK OPTIONS In November 1997, the Board of Directors granted five-year management stock options to purchase an aggregate of 115,365 shares of Common Stock to David L. Lokken, Brian S. Aune, Brian S. Carr, and Michael A. Riley. These options are in addition to those granted under the 1997 Stock Option Plan described below. All of these options are vested and are exercisable at $8.00 per share. STOCK OPTION PLAN In November 1997, the Board of Directors adopted the Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "1997 Plan"). The 1997 Plan, which was approved by the Company's shareholders in November 1997, provides for the grant of options to directors, officers, other employees and consultants of the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of 634,514 shares of Common Stock. The purpose of the 1997 Plan is to provide participants with incentives that will encourage them to acquire a proprietary interest in, and continue to provide services to, the Company. The 1997 Plan is to be administered by the Board of Directors, or a committee of the Board, which has discretion to select optionees and to establish the terms and conditions of each option, subject to the provisions of the 1997 Plan. Options granted under the 1997 Plan may be "incentive stock options" as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or nonqualified options. The exercise price of incentive stock options may not be less than the fair market value of Common Stock as of the date of grant (110% of the fair market value if the grant is to an employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company). The Code currently limits to $100,000 the aggregate value of Common Stock that may be acquired in any one year pursuant to incentive stock options under the 1997 Plan or any other option plan adopted by the Company. Nonqualified options may be granted under the 1997 Plan at an exercise price of not less than 85% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. Nonqualified options may be granted without regard 38. to any restriction on the amount of Common Stock that may be acquired pursuant to such options in any one year. Options may not be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant (five years after the date of grant if the grant is an incentive stock option to an employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company). Options granted under the 1997 Plan generally are nontransferable, but transfers may be permitted under certain circumstances in the discretion of the administrator. Shares subject to options that expire unexercised under the 1997 Plan will once again become available for future grant under the 1997 Plan. The number of options outstanding and the exercise price thereof are subject to adjustment in the case of certain transactions such as mergers, recapitalizations, stock splits or stock dividends. The 1997 Plan is effective for ten years, unless sooner terminated or suspended. In November 1997, the Board of Directors of the Company granted six-year options to purchase an aggregate of 259,572 shares of Common Stock under the 1997 Plan, of which 230,730 were granted to David L. Lokken, Brian S. Aune, Brian S. Carr, Michael A. Riley and Richard Adey. All of these options are exercisable at the initial public offering price per share. The options generally will be subject to vesting and will become exercisable at a rate of 5% per quarter from the date of grant, subject to the optionee's continuing employment with the Company. Each of the option agreements for Messrs. Lokken, Aune, Carr, Riley and Adey provides that all options will become fully vested and exercisable upon a change in control of the Company, as defined in the agreements. In general, upon termination of employment of an optionee, all options granted to such person which are not exercisable on the date of such termination will immediately terminate, and any options that are exercisable will terminate not less than three months (six months in the case of termination by reason of death or disability) following termination of employment. To the extent nonqualified options are granted under the 1997 Plan, the Company intends to issue such options with an exercise price of not less than the market price of the Common Stock on the date of grant. EMPLOYEE DEFINED BENEFIT PLAN GENERAL. On January 1, 1997 the Board of Directors adopted the Employee Defined Benefit Pension Plan (the "Pension Plan") for the benefit of the eligible employees of the Company. The primary purpose of the Pension Plan is to provide a retirement benefit for participating employees. All employees of the Company are eligible to participate in the Pension Plan on the January 1st next following their date of hire. Employees who are covered by collective bargaining units and whose retirement benefits are the subject of good faith bargaining, however, are not eligible to participate in the Pension Plan. ADMINISTRATION. The Pension Plan is administered by a committee (the "Plan Committee") whose members are appointed by the Board of Directors of the Company. The Plan Committee oversees the day-to-day administration of the Pension Plan and has the authority to take action and make rules and regulations necessary to carry out the purposes of the Pension Plan. NORMAL RETIREMENT BENEFITS AND VESTING. The Pension Plan provides for employer contributions only. Each year, the Company makes a contribution to the pension plan equal to the minimum funding requirement sufficient to fund for the benefits being accrued under the Pension Plan for the year. The Pension Plan provides for a normal retirement benefit payable on a monthly basis for the lifetime of the participant. The normal retirement benefit is equal to the participant's credited benefit service (up to a maximum of 35 years) times the sum of 0.75% of the participant's final average monthly compensation plus 0.65% of such compensation in excess of the participant's average monthly wage. However, the benefit actually payable from the Pension Plan will be reduced for any benefits payable (or paid) with respect to service credited from the Defined Benefit Pension Plan of the Company's predecessor. 39. For purposes of calculating a participant's normal retirement benefits, average monthly compensation is defined in the Pension Plan as average monthly compensation during the five consecutive plan years of the participant's employment which yields the highest average compensation. No maximum monthly benefit payable under the Pension Plan is to exceed the applicable Internal Revenue Code Section 415 limit ($10,416.67 for 1997) adjusted actuarially to reflect a participant's retirement age if the retirement age is other than the social security retirement age. The monthly retirement benefit payable by the Pension Plan is a benefit payable in the form of a straight life annuity with no ancillary benefits. For a participant who is to receive benefits other than in the form of a straight life annuity, the monthly retirement benefit will be adjusted to an equivalent benefit in the form of a straight life annuity on an actuarial equivalent basis. A participant becomes fully vested in his accrued benefits under the Pension Plan upon attainment of normal retirement age (age 65), permanent disability, death or the termination of the Pension Plan. If a participant terminates employment with the Company prior to retirement, death or disability, the vested interest he has in accrued benefits under the Pension Plan is based on years of service, with 0% vesting for less than five years of service and 100% vesting after five or more years of service. PENSION PLAN INVESTMENTS. The Committee selects vehicles for the investment of plan assets. The Committee then directs the trustee to invest employer contributions in the investment option selected by the Committee under the Pension Plan. PENSION PLAN AMENDMENT OR TERMINATION. Under the terms of the Pension Plan, the Company reserves the right to amend or terminate the Pension Plan at any time and in any manner. No amendment or termination, however, may deprive a participant of any benefit accrued under the Pension Plan prior to the effective date of the amendment or termination. ESTIMATED MONTHLY BENEFITS. The following table sets forth the estimated monthly benefits under the Pension Plan, without regard to any offsetting benefit which may be payable from the Defined Benefit Pension Plans of the Company's predecessors for service prior to January 1, 1997, based on the current benefit structure and assuming the participant's current age is 50. PENSION PLAN TABLE
REMUNERATION 15 20 25 30 35 - - ------------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ YEARS OF SERVICE ---------------- $125,000...... $1,743 $2,323 $2,904 $3,485 $4,066 150,000...... 2,180 2,907 3,633 4,360 5,087 175,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 200,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 225,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 250,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 300,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 400,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 450,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495 500,000...... 2,355 3,140 3,925 4,710 5,495
The compensation covered by the Pension Plan includes basic salary or wages, overtime payments, bonuses, commissions and all other direct current compensation but does not include contributions by the Company to Social Security, benefits from stock options (whether qualified or not), contributions to this or any other retirement plans or programs or the value of any other fringe benefits provided at the expense of the Company. For benefit calculation purposes, a "highest five-year" average of compensation is used. 40. Benefits are paid as straight-life annuities with no subsidies or effects. The compensation covered by the Pension Plan for all of the Named Executives was limited to $160,000 in accordance with Section 401(a)(17) of the Code. The years of credited service for each Named Executive Officer who participates in the Pension Plan are as follows:
NAME YEARS - - ---- ------- Dave Lokken.......................................... 9 years Brian Aune........................................... 6 years Brian Carr........................................... 5 years Michael Riley........................................ 8 years
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE INTERLOCKS AND INSIDER PARTICIPATION In November 1997, Joel McIntyre, Scott Hartman and Daniel Toomey were appointed to serve on the Compensation Committee of the Company's Board of Directors. Mr. McIntyre, who is a Director of the Company and also a member of its Audit Committee is a member of the law firm of McIntyre, Borges & Burns LLP ("McIntyre, Borges & Burns"). During the 12 months ended December 31, 1997, the Company paid McIntyre, Borges & Burns approximately $4,700 for legal services rendered. Mr. Hartman, who is Chairman of the Company's Board of Directors is a principal of Unique. During the 12 months ended December 31, 1997, the Company paid Unique $330,000 in management fees and reimbursable expenses. 41. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT The following table sets forth the beneficial ownership of Common Stock as of March 12, 1998 by: (i) each person known by the Company to beneficially own 5% or more of the outstanding shares of Common Stock, (ii) each director of the Company, (iii) each Named Executive Officer of the Company, and (iv) all directors and executive officers of the Company as a group.
Number of Shares of Percentage of Name and Address(1) Common Stock(2) Outstanding(2) - - ------------------------------------------- ------------------- -------------- Melanie L. Bastian......................... 961,252 16.5% John G. Makoff............................. 444,943 7.6 Daniel J. Lubeck........................... 330,120 5.7 Scott W. Hartman........................... 330,120 5.7 David L. Lokken(3)......................... 221,403 3.8 Brian S. Aune(4)........................... 44,568 * Brian S. Carr(4)........................... 44,568 * Michael A. Riley(4)........................ 44,568 * Daniel C. Toomey, Jr....................... 2,000 * Joel F. McIntyre........................... 0 -- Mellon C. Baird............................ 0 -- All directors and executive officers as a group (11 persons).................. 1,463,732 24.6
- - ---------------------- * Less than 1%. (1) The address for all persons is c/o the Company at 11240 Sherman Way, Sun Valley, California 91352. (2) Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission and generally includes voting or investment power with respect to the securities. Shares of Common Stock subject to options currently exercisable, or exercisable within 60 days of March 12, 1998, are deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of the person holding such options but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person. Except as indicated by footnote and subject to community property laws where applicable, the persons named in the table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares of Common Stock shown as beneficially owned by them. (3) Includes 77,873 shares issuable upon exercise of vested options to purchase common stock. (4) Includes 15,862 shares issuable upon exercise of vested options to purchase common stock. 42. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS Effective November 1, 1996, Aqhawk, an entity wholly-owned by the shareholders of Unique and the Company's executive officers ("Aqhawk"), purchased all of the outstanding capital stock of the Company from BTR (the "BTR Transaction"). The purchase price Aqhawk paid was $29,802,861, consisting of (i) $18,828,841 obtained through debt financing provided by Bank of America to the Company (the "Bank of America Loan"), which then loaned such amount to Aqhawk, (ii) $6,500,000 obtained through a subordinated note (the "Subordinated Note") provided by Melanie Bastian, a principal shareholder and the former Chairman of the Company, to Unique which then loaned such amount to Aqhawk, (iii) $2,000,000 obtained in return for the issuance to Ms. Bastian of 400 shares of Preferred Stock of Aqhawk, and (iv) the remaining amount obtained through cash provided by the Company. In December 1996, Aqhawk was merged with the Company. In the merger, each two shares of common stock of Aqhawk were converted into one share of common stock of the Company, and each share of preferred stock was converted into one share of preferred stock of the Company. In connection with the BTR Transaction, BTR entered into an Environmental Indemnity Agreement pursuant to which it agreed to indemnify Aqhawk and the Company against losses arising from any finding that the Company or Aqhawk is liable for the handling, storage and disposal of hazardous substances on, around or originating from the Company's facilities that existed on or before November 1, 1996, including any future amounts for which the Company may be responsible in connection with the SFVB Actions. See "Business--Environmental Matters and Proceedings." BTR and its subsidiary also agreed not to compete against the Company in the repair and overhaul of aircraft landing gear for a period of three years following the BTR Transaction. In addition, BTR granted the Company an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free license to use the Hawker Pacific logo and name, for as long as the Company continues to use such marks, in connection with the repair and overhaul of aircraft landing gear and a non-exclusive right to use the logo and name for the same period in connection with all other operations of the Company. To obtain a portion of the purchase price paid for the Company in connection with the BTR Transaction, in November 1996, the Company issued the Subordinated Note in the aggregate principal amount of $6.5 million. The Subordinated Note bears interest at the rate of 11.8% per annum paid monthly and matures January 1, 2001. The Company has agreed to use $1.5 million of the funds provided by the Amended Loan Agreement to repay a portion of the $6.5 million Subordinated Note. The remaining balance of the Subordinated Note has been replaced by a new $5 million promissory note. The new note bears interest at a fixed rate of 11.8% per annum, requires the Company to make monthly payments of interest only, and matures on the earlier of June 30, 2005 or 180 days after the termination of the Amended Loan Agreement. Pursuant to a Limited Guaranty dated as of November 27, 1996 by Melanie L. Bastian in favor of Bank of America, in connection with the Bank of America Loan, Ms. Bastian guaranteed the Company's payment obligations, and the shareholders of the Company pledged as collateral for the loan all of their capital stock of the Company. Ms. Bastian's guarantee and the pledges were released upon the consummation of the Offering. As of September 30, 1997, all of the Company's issued and outstanding shares of preferred stock were held by Ms. Bastian. Upon the closing of the Offering all of the outstanding shares of preferred stock were converted into 250,000 shares of Common Stock. In September and October 1997, Ms. Bastian purchased an aggregate of 101,619 shares of Common Stock for $1,000,000 ($9.84 per share). The Company and Unique entered into a management agreement dated March 1, 1997 (the "Old Management Agreement"), pursuant to which the Company paid Unique management fees and reimbursable expenses totalling approximately $330,000 during the year ended December 31, 1997. In November 1997, 43. the Company and Unique entered into a new management services agreement (the "Management Services Agreement") pursuant to which, upon the consummation of the Offering, the Old Management Agreement was terminated, and Unique became entitled to receive $150,000 per year payable monthly commencing in January 1999 for certain management services to be rendered to the Company. The Management Services Agreement will terminate upon the Company's completing an additional underwritten public offering in which selling shareholders offer 25% or more in such offering. The Company also entered into a mergers and acquisitions agreement dated as of September 2, 1997 with Unique pursuant to which Unique received $300,000 upon the closing of the BA Acquisition for services provided in connection with the acquisition. Amounts paid under the Old Management Agreement during 1998 were credited against this $300,000. During the 12 months ended December 31, 1997, the Company paid McIntyre, Borges & Burns approximately $4,700 for legal services rendered. Joel F. McIntyre is a director of the Company and is a member of the law firm of McIntyre, Borges & Burns. PART IV ITEM 14. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES AND REPORTS ON FORM 8-K (a)(1) AND (2) FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULES: The following financial statements of Hawker Pacific Aerospace are included in this Report: Balance Sheets--December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997 Statements of Operations--Year ended December 31, 1995, ten months ended October 31, 1996, two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997 Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity--Years ended December 31, 1996 and 1997 Statements of Cash Flows--Year ended December 31, 1995, ten months ended October 31, 1996, two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997 Notes to Financial Statements--December 31, 1997 The following financial statement schedule of Hawker Pacific Aerospace is included in Item 14(d): Schedule II Valuation and qualifying accounts All other schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulation of the Securities and Exchange Commission are not required under the related instructions or are inapplicable and therefore have been omitted. (b) FORM 8-K No reports on Form 8-K were filed by the registrant during the fourth quarter of fiscal 1997. (c) EXHIBITS 44.
EXHIBIT NO. EXHIBIT DESCRIPTION - - ------- ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 2.1 Agreement relating to the Sale and Purchase of part of the Business of British Airways plc dated December 20, 1997 by and among the Company, Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited and British Airways plc., and related Landing Gear Overhaul Services Agreement.(1)+ 3.1 Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.(1) 3.2 Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company.(1) 3.3 Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of the Company.(1) 4.1 Specimen Common Stock Certificate.(1) 10.1 1997 Stock Option Plan and forms of Stock Option Agreements.(1) 10.1A Amendment No. 1 to 1997 Stock Option Plan.(1) 10.2 Employment Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and David L. Lokken.(1) 10.2A First Amendment to Employment Agreement for David L. Lokken.(1) 10.3 Employment Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Brian S. Aune.(1) 10.3A First Amendment to Employment Agreement for Brian S. Aune.(1) 10.4 Employment Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Brian S. Carr.(1) 10.4A First Amendment to Employment Agreement for Brian S. Carr.(1) 10.5 Employment Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Michael A. Riley.(1) 10.5A First Amendment to Employment Agreement for Michael A. Riley.(1) 10.6 Form of Indemnity Agreement for directors and executive officers of the Company.(1) 10.7 Business Loan Agreement dated November 27, 1996 between the Company and Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association.(1) 10.7A Amendment No. 1 to Business Loan Agreement between the Company and Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association.(1) 10.8 Agreement of Purchase and Sale of Stock effective as of November 1, 1996 by and among BTR Dunlop, Inc., BTR, Inc., the Company and Aqhawk, Inc.(1) 10.9 Repair, Overhaul, Exchange, Warranty and Distribution Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Dunlop Limited, Aviation Division.(1)+ 10.10 Distribution Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Dunlop Limited, Precision Rubber.(1) 45. 10.11 Repair, Overhaul, Exchange, Warranty and Distribution Agreement dated November 1, 1996 between the Company and Dunlop Equipment Division.(1)+ 10.12 Repair Services Agreement dated September 9, 1997 between the Company and American Airlines, Inc.(1)+ 10.13 Award/Contract dated September 20, 1995 issued by USCG Aircraft Repair and Supply Center to the Company.(1)+ 10.14 Maintenance Services Agreement dated August 19, 1994 between the Company and Federal Express Corporation.(1)+ 10.15 Lease Agreement dated March 31, 1997 by and between the Company and Industrial Centers Corp.(1) 10.15A First Amendment to Lease Agreement dated March 31, 1997 by and between the Company and Industrial Centers Corp. 10.16 Management Services Agreement dated November 14, 1997 between the Company and Unique Investment Corp.(1) 10.17 Mergers and Acquisitions Agreement dated September 2, 1997 between the Company and Unique Investment Corp.(1) 10.17A Form of First Amendment to Mergers and Acquisitions Agreement between the Company and Unique Investment Corp.(1) 10.18 Subordinated Note for $6,500,000 in favor of Unique Investment Corp.(1) 10.19 Amended and Restated Subordinated Promissory Note dated February 3, 1998 in favor of Unique Investment Corp. 10.20 Certified Translation of Rental Agreement between Mr. C. G. Kortenoever and Flight Accessory Services.(1) 10.21 Lease Agreement dated July 28, 1994 by and between the Company and Industrial Bowling Corp.(1) 10.21A First Amendment to Lease Agreement dated July 28, 1994 by and between the Company and Industrial Bowling Corp. 10.22 Lease Agreement dated July 28, 1994 by and between the Company and Industrial Bowling Corp.(1) 10.23 Lease Agreement dated July 28, 1994 by and between the Company and Industrial Bowling Corp.(1) 10.24 Lease Agreement dated July 28, 1994 by and between the Company and Industrial Bowling Corp.(1) 10.25 Lease Agreement dated June 24, 1997 by and between the Company and Allstate Insurance Company.(1) 10.25A First Amendment to Lease Agreement between the Company and Allstate Insurance Company. 46. 10.26 Lease Agreement dated November 21, 1994 by and between the Company and Gordon N. Wagner and Peggy M. Wagner, and Joseph W. Basinger and Viola Marie Basinger.(1) 10.27 Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement dated January 23, 1998 between the Company and Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association. 10.28 Security Agreement dated January 23, 1998 by the Company in favor of Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association. 10.29 Pledge Agreement dated January 23, 1998 by the Company in favor of Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association. 10.30 Subordination Agreement dated January 23, 1998 by and among the Company, Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited, Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association, Melanie L. Bastian and Unique Investment Corporation. 21.1 Subsidiaries of the Company.(1) 27.1 Financial Data Schedule
- - --------------------- + Portions of exhibits deleted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to a request for confidentiality. (1) Previously filed as exhibits to the Company's Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended (Registration No. 333-40295), and incorporated herein by reference. (d) FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE SCHEDULE II VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
Column A Column B Column C Column D Column E - - ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------------------------- ------------- ---------- Balance at Charged to Charged to Balance at Beginning Costs and Other the End of Description of Period Expenses Accounts Deductions Period - - ---------------------------------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ------------- ---------- PREDECESSOR Year Ended December 31, 1995 $111,000 $ 50,000 -- $(122,000)(a) $ 39,000 Ten Months Ended October 31, 1996 39,000 345,000 -- (188,000)(a) 196,000 SUCCESSOR Two Months Ended December 31, 1996 196,000 -- -- (129,000)(a) 67,000 Year Ended December 31, 1997 67,000 167,000 -- (87,000)(a) 147,000
- - -------------------------- (a) Represents amounts written-off against the allowance for doubtful accounts, list of recoveries and reversals. 47. Hawker Pacific Aerospace INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONTENTS Report of Independent Auditors . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-2 Audited Financial Statements Balance Sheets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-3 Statements of Operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-5 Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity. . . . . . F-6 Statements of Cash Flows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-7 Notes to Financial Statements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . F-9 F-1 Report of Independent Auditors The Board of Directors Hawker Pacific Aerospace We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Hawker Pacific Aerospace a wholly-owned subsidiary of BTR Dunlop Holdings, Inc. (the "Predecessor") as of December 31, 1995, and the related statements of operations, and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996. We have also audited the accompanying balance sheets of Hawker Pacific Aerospace (the "Successor") as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and the related statements of operations, changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the index at Item 14(a). These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Predecessor's and Successor's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Hawker Pacific Aerospace as the Predecessor and Successor companies, at December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996, the two months ended December 31, 1996, and the year ended December 31, 1997, in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein. Woodland Hills, California February 13, 1998 F-2 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Balance Sheets ASSETS
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------- ---------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 --------------- ---------------------------- Current assets: Cash $ 399,000 $ 1,055,000 $ 160,000 Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $39,000, $67,000 and $147,000 at December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively 6,392,000 6,336,000 7,351,000 Accounts receivable from affiliates 624,000 - - Other receivables 1,086,000 59,000 80,000 Inventories 13,446,000 12,950,000 14,814,000 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 404,000 344,000 240,000 --------------- ------------- ----------- Total current assets 22,351,000 20,744,000 22,645,000 Equipment and leasehold improvements, net 4,871,000 4,719,000 5,083,000 Landing gear exchange, less accumulated amortization of $422,000, $61,000 and $375,000 at December 31, 1995, 1996 and 1997, respectively 7,479,000 8,654,000 11,067,000 Goodwill, less accumulated amortization of $17,000 and $25,000 at December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively - 620,000 145,000 Deferred taxes 680,000 - - Deferred financing costs - 325,000 262,000 Deferred offering costs - - 766,000 Other assets 74,000 116,000 930,000 --------------- ------------- ----------- $ 35,455,000 $35,178,000 $40,898,000 --------------- ------------- ----------- --------------- ------------- -----------
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES. F-3 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Balance Sheets (continued) LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------- ---------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 --------------- ---------------------------- Current liabilities: Accounts payable $ 2,536,000 $ 3,806,000 $ 6,946,000 Accounts payable to affiliates 1,365,000 - - Line of credit - 5,329,000 8,529,000 Deferred revenue 1,299,000 1,593,000 848,000 Accrued payroll and employee benefits 511,000 809,000 812,000 Environmental remediation 234,000 657,000 - Accrued expenses and other liabilities 1,012,000 475,000 316,000 Current portion of notes payable 2,105,000 850,000 1,450,000 ------------ ----------- ----------- Total current liabilities 9,062,000 13,519,000 18,901,000 Due to parent and affiliates 27,310,000 - - Notes payable: Bank note - 12,650,000 11,200,000 Related party - 6,500,000 6,500,000 ------------ ----------- ----------- - 19,150,000 17,700,000 Commitments and contingencies Stockholders' equity: Preferred stock - Series A, $5,000 per share liquidation preference, non-voting, 400 shares authorized, issued and outstanding - 2,000,000 2,000,000 Common stock - 20,000,000 shares authorized, 2,870,603 and 2,972,222 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 1996 and 1997, respectively 500,000 40,000 1,040,000 Additional paid-in capital 4,126,000 - - Retained earnings (deficit) (5,543,000) 469,000 1,257,000 ------------ ----------- ----------- Total stockholders' equity (deficiency) (917,000) 2,509,000 4,297,000 ------------ ----------- ----------- Total liabilities and stockholders' equity (deficiency) $35,455,000 $35,178,000 $40,898,000 ------------ ----------- ----------- ------------ ----------- -----------
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES. F-4 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Statements of Operations
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- YEAR TEN MONTHS TWO MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31 OCTOBER 31 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1996 1997 --------------- --------------- ---------------- --------------- Revenues $35,012,000 $32,299,000 $6,705,000 $41,042,000 Cost of revenues 28,993,000 27,027,000 4,599,000 31,430,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Gross profit 6,019,000 5,272,000 2,106,000 9,612,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Operating expenses: Selling expenses 2,858,000 2,248,000 525,000 3,191,000 General and administrative expenses 1,979,000 2,796,000 534,000 2,706,000 Restructuring charges - 1,196,000 - - ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Total operating expenses 4,837,000 6,240,000 1,059,000 5,897,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Income (loss) from operations 1,182,000 (968,000) 1,047,000 3,715,000 Other (expense) income: Interest expense (1,598,000) (1,609,000) (203,000) (2,431,000) Interest income - - 7,000 3,000 Other expense, net - - - (32,000) ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Total other (expense) income (1,598,000) (1,609,000) (196,000) (2,460,000) ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Income (loss) before income tax provision (benefit) (416,000) (2,577,000) 851,000 1,255,000 Income tax provision (benefit) (680,000) (971,000) 382,000 467,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Net income (loss) $ 264,000 $(1,606,000) $ 469,000 $ 788,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Earnings per common share - basic and diluted $ 0.15 $ 0.25 ---------- ----------- Weighted average common ---------- ----------- and common equivalent shares outstanding 3,170,551 3,145,079 ---------- ----------- ---------- -----------
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES. F-5 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity
Preferred Stock Common Stock ------------------------- ----------------------- Retained Shares Amount Shares Amount Earnings Total ----------- ---------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- Balance at November 1, 1996 - $ - - $ - $ - $ - Issuance of Preferred Stock 400 2,000,000 - - - 2,000,000 Issuance of Common Stock to founders - - 2,640,955 - - - Issuance of Common Stock to management - - 229,648 40,000 - 40,000 Net income for the period - - - - 469,000 469,000 ---- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Balance at December 31, 1996 400 2,000,000 2,870,603 40,000 469,000 2,509,000 Issuance of Common Stock - - 101,619 1,000,000 - 1,000,000 Net income for the year - - - - 788,000 788,000 ---- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- Balance at December 31, 1997 400 $2,000,000 2,972,222 $1,040,000 $1,257,000 $4,297,000 ---- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES. F-6 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Statements of Cash Flows
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- YEAR TEN MONTHS TWO MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31 OCTOBER 31 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1996 1997 --------------- --------------- ---------------- --------------- OPERATING ACTIVITIES Net income (loss) $ 264,000 $(1,606,000) $ 469,000 $ 788,000 Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Deferred income taxes (680,000) (971,000) 382,000 466,000 Depreciation 680,000 525,000 183,000 741,000 Amortization 174,000 294,000 17,000 463,000 Non cash restructuring charge - 561,000 - - Stock compensation - - 40,000 - (Gain) loss on the sale of machinery, equipment and landing gear 332,000 - - (78,000) Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable (1,773,000) 1,771,000 (103,000) (1,036,000) Inventory (4,433,000) 1,156,000 (901,000) (185,000) Prepaid expenses and other current assets (101,000) (72,000) 21,000 104,000 Accounts payable (397,000) (2,681,000) 2,195,000 622,000 Deferred revenue 1,029,000 532,000 115,000 (745,000) Accrued liabilities 682,000 261,000 (139,000) (818,000) ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Cash provided by (used in) operating activities (4,223,000) (230,000) 2,279,000 322,000 INVESTING ACTIVITIES Purchase of equipment, leasehold improvements and landing gear (4,479,000) (1,173,000) (155,000) (2,890,000) Proceeds from disposals of equipment, leasehold improvements and landing gear 350,000 - - 250,000 Other assets 15,000 (26,000) - (824,000) Acquisition of Predecessor - - (28,398,000) - ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- Cash used in investing activities (4,114,000) (1,199,000) (28,553,000) (3,464,000)
F-7 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Statements of Cash Flows (continued)
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- YEAR TEN MONTHS TWO MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31 OCTOBER 31 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1996 1997 --------------- --------------- ---------------- --------------- FINANCING ACTIVITIES Borrowing under bank note $ - $ - $13,500,000 $ - Principal payments on bank note - - - (850,000) Borrowing on note payable to related party - - 6,500,000 - Borrowings/payments on line of credit, net - - (1,287,000) 3,200,000 Initial borrowing under line of credit - - 6,616,000 - Borrowings/payments on due to Parent and 8,010,000 2,193,000 - - affiliates (net) Deferred offering costs - - - (766,000) Deferred financing cost - - - (337,000) Issuance of preferred stock - - 2,000,000 - Contributions to capital - 242,000 - 1,000,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Cash provided by financing activities 8,010,000 2,435,000 27,329,000 2,247,000 Increase (decrease) in cash (327,000) 1,006,000 1,055,000 (895,000) Cash, beginning of period 726,000 399,000 - 1,055,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Cash, end of period $ 399,000 $1,405,000 $ 1,055,000 $ 160,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Cash paid during the period for: Interest $1,574,000 $ 1,279,000 $ 193,000 $2,261,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Income taxes $ 44,000 $ 20,000 $ - $ 3,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Noncash investing and financing activities Acquisition of Predecessor: Fair market value of assets acquired $ - $ - $34,973,000 $ - Fair market value of liabilities assumed - - (5,170,000) - Less cash received - - (1,405,000) - ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- Net cash paid $ - $ - $28,398,000 $ - ----------- ----------- ----------- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------
SEE ACCOMPANYING NOTES. F-8 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements December 31, 1997 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS Hawker Pacific Aerospace, formerly known as Hawker Pacific, Inc. (the "Company") is a California Corporation with headquarters in Sun Valley, California, with satellite facilities in the Netherlands and, through May 31, 1996, Miami, Florida. The Company repairs and overhauls aircraft and helicopter landing gear, hydromechanical components, and wheels, brakes and braking system components for a diverse international customer base, including commercial airlines, air cargo operators, domestic government agencies, aircraft leasing companies, aircraft parts distributors, and original equipment manufacturers. In addition, the Company distributes and sells new and overhauled spare parts and components for both fixed wing and helicopters. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION The Company operated as a subsidiary of BTR Dunlop Holdings, Inc., a Delaware Corporation, from December 21, 1994 to October 31, 1996. BTR Dunlop Holdings, Inc. was a subsidiary of BTR plc, a United Kingdom company (collectively, the "Parent"). Effective January 1, 1994, the Company merged its operations with certain operations of Dunlop Aviation, Inc., a subsidiary of the Parent. The merger was a combination of companies under common control and was accounted for similar to the pooling of interests method of accounting. Pursuant to an Agreement of Purchase and Sale of Stock, AqHawk, Inc. purchased all of the Company's outstanding stock from BTR plc effective as of November 1, 1996 (the "Acquisition"). AqHawk, Inc. was formed as a holding company for the sole purpose of acquiring the stock of the Company and was subsequently merged into the Company. The acquisition has been accounted for under the purchase accounting method. The aggregate purchase price was approximately $29,800,000, which includes the cost of the acquisition. The aggregate purchase price was allocated to the assets of the Company, based upon estimates of their respective fair market values. The excess of purchase price over the fair values of the net assets acquired was $1,019,000 and was recorded as goodwill. Goodwill has been subsequently reduced for the reduction of certain allowances on deferred taxes and amortization. F-9 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION (CONTINUED) The financial statements as of December 31, 1995 and for the year ended December 31, and 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996 are presented under the historical cost basis of the Company, as a wholly owned subsidiary of BTR Dunlop Holdings, Inc., the predecessor Company (the "Predecessor"). The financial statements as of December 31, 1996 and 1997, and for the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997 are presented under the new basis of the successor company (the "Successor") established in the Acquisition. On February 3, 1998, the Company completed an initial public offering (the "Offering") of 2,766,667 shares of the Company's common stock ("Common Stock"). Of the 2,766,667 shares of Common Stock sold in the Offering, 2,600,000 shares were sold by the Company and 166,667 shares were sold by a principal shareholder of the Company. The principal shareholder sold 415,000 additional shares of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of an over allotment option granted to the underwriters by the principal shareholder. The Company received net proceeds of approximately $17.8 million net of expenses of approximately $3.0 million. The Company used approximately $9.2 million of the net proceeds to fund a portion of the purchase price for certain assets of British Airways as discussed in Note 13, and approximately $7.6 million to repay a portion of the revolving and term debt previously outstanding under the Company's credit facility. In connection with the initial public offering, the Company effected a 579.48618 for one stock split of the Company's Common Stock in November 1997 and a one for .9907406 reverse stock split in January 1998. All references in the accompanying financial statements to the number of shares of Common Stock, per common share amounts have been retroactively adjusted to reflect the stock splits. All of the Company's Series A Preferred Stock were converted into an aggregate of 250,000 shares of common stock. In addition, the Company's capital structure was changed to reflect 20,000,000 shares of Common Stock and 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock authorized. The Board of Directors has authority to fix the rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without any future vote or action by the shareholders. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION The following unaudited pro forma information combines the results of operations of the Successor and Predecessor as if the Acquisition had occurred on January 1, 1996 and includes certain pro forma adjustments to the historical operating results for amortization of goodwill, depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and interest expense. The pro forma information is presented for illustrative purposes only, and is not necessarily indicative of what the actual results of operations would have been during such periods or representative of future operations.
TWELVE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31 1996 ------------- (Unaudited) Revenues $39,004,000 Net loss (1,523,000) Net loss per share (0.48)
F-10 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) LANDING GEAR EXCHANGE Landing gear and other rotable assets are accounted for as fixed assets at cost and are depreciated over their estimated useful lives to their respective salvage values. These assets include various airplane, wing, body and nose landing gear shipsets. Landing gear and other rotable assets are held for purposes of exchanging the assets for a customer's landing gear or other part needing repair or overhaul. As the landing gear is exchanged and the customer is billed for the cost of the repair, the landing gear or other parts are typically repaired and overhauled and maintained as property of the Company for future exchanges. The estimated useful lives range from 10 to 15 years depending on the age of the aircraft and projected marketability of the exchange gear over time. Amortization expense is recorded as a component of cost of revenues using the straight-line amortization method. RECOGNITION OF REVENUE The Company generates revenue primarily from repair and overhaul services. In some cases repair and overhaul services include exchange fees for the exchange of the Company's landing gear or other parts for the customer's landing gear or other parts needing repair or overhaul services. The Company also generates revenues from the sale and distribution of spare parts. Spare parts sales and exchange fee revenues are each individually less than 10% of total revenues. Revenues for repair and overhaul services not involving an exchange transaction are recognized when the job is complete. Deferred revenue is principally comprised of customer prepayments and progress billings related to the overhaul and repair of landing gear and other services which are in process. Revenues from spare parts sales are recognized at the time of shipment. Landing gear exchange fees are recognized on shipment of the exchanged gear to the customer. Revenues for repair and overhaul service involving an exchange are recognized when the cost of repairing the part received from the customer are known and billable. F-11 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) CONCENTRATIONS OF RISK MAJOR CUSTOMERS AND CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK - The Company performs credit evaluations and analysis of amounts due from its customers; however, the Company generally does not require collateral. Credit losses have been within management's expectations and an estimate of uncollectible accounts has been provided for in the financial statements. One customer accounted for 19.3% of the Company's total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1997 and represented 18.9% of the accounts receivable balance at December 31, 1997. One customer accounted for 13.1% of the Company's total revenues for the two month period ended December 31, 1996 and represented 7.4% of the accounts receivable balance at December 31, 1996. Revenues from two customers, who individually accounted for greater than 10% of total revenues, were 19.6% and 11.7%, respectively, of the Company's total revenues for the ten month period ended October 31, 1996. Revenues from two customers, who individually accounted for greater than 10% of total revenues, were 17.1% and 10.0%, respectively, of the Company's total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1995 and accounted for 9.9% and 11.3%, respectively, of the accounts receivable balance at December 31, 1995. MAJOR VENDORS - Three vendors accounted for $9,283,000 of the Company's total purchases during the year ended December 31, 1997. Three vendors accounted for $1,901,000 of the Company's total purchases for the two month period ended December 31, 1996. Two vendors accounted for $7,030,000 of the Company's total purchases during the ten month period ended October 31, 1996. One vendor accounted for $5,005,000 of the Company's total purchases for the year ended December 31, 1995. F-12 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) INVENTORIES Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Purchased parts and assemblies are valued based on the weighted average cost. Work-in-process inventories include purchased parts, direct labor and factory overhead. Provisions for potentially obsolete or slow moving inventory are made based on management's analysis of inventory levels, turnover and future revenue forecasts. EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS Equipment and leasehold improvements are recorded at cost. Depreciation expense is being provided using the straight-line method based on the following estimated useful lives:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR ------------------ ------------------- Leasehold improvements Lesser of life of Lesser of life of lease or asset lease or asset Machinery and equipment 13.3 years 8 years Tooling 13.3 years 5 years Furniture and fixtures 7 years 5 years Vehicles 5 years 3 years Computer equipment 5 years 3 years
Expenditures for repairs are expensed as incurred and additions, renewals and betterments are capitalized. GOODWILL In connection with the purchase of the Company by AqHawk, Inc. as previously described, the Company recorded goodwill which represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of the net assets acquired. The Company is amortizing goodwill using the straight-line method over a period of 15 years. The Company assesses the recoverability of its goodwill whenever adverse events or changes in circumstances or business climate indicate that expected future cash flows for the business may not be sufficient to support recorded goodwill. F-13 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) GOODWILL (CONTINUED) At December 31, 1996 and 1997, goodwill was reduced by $382,000 and $466,000, respectively, due to the realization of certain deferred tax assets and the corresponding reduction of the valuation allowance established in the allocation of the purchase price of the Acquisition. FOREIGN REVENUES The Company generated revenues from customers located outside of the United States of $5,616,000, $4,493,000, $1,517,000 and $11,856,000, of which $3,368,000, $2,887,000, $1,191,000 and $9,901,000 were revenues generated from the Company's United States location for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996, and the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997, respectively. Realized and unrealized foreign exchange gains (losses) amounted to $161,000, $33,000, ($3,000) and $298,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996, the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997. ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENSE AND INCOME RECOVERY Included in general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 1995, and the ten months ended October 31, 1996, is $717,000 and $947,000, respectively, of legal fees and settlement cost associated with investigating, defending and settling the environmental remediation matter discussed in Note 7. In addition, for the year ended December 31, 1995, general and administrative expense has been reduced by insurance recoveries of $1,000,000. There were no corresponding costs incurred in the two months ended December 31, 1996 or the year ended December 31, 1997. EARNINGS PER SHARE Earnings per common share are computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during each period. The weighted average number of shares outstanding give effect to the stock split and conversion of preferred stock discussed in Note 1 as if they had occurred on November 1, 1996. F-14 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES (CONTINUED) EARNINGS (LOSS) PER SHARE (CONTINUED) During 1997, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 128, "Earnings Per Share" ("SFAS No. 128"). Pursuant to SFAS No. 128, basic earnings (loss) per common share are computed based upon the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted earnings per common share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if certain securities were exercised or converted into common stock. The adoption of SFAS No. 128 did not result in a restatement of earnings (loss) per common share for the periods presented in the financial statements. Basic earnings (loss) per share under SFAS No. 128 is the same as diluted earnings (loss) per share for all periods presented and includes 250,000 shares issued upon the conversion of the preferred stock discussed in Note 1, as if converted at the beginning of the period. The number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share was 3,170,551 and 3,145,079 for the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997, respectively. Options to purchase 374,937 shares of common stock at $8 per share (the initial public offering price) were outstanding during 1997 but were not included in the compulation of diluted earnings per share because the exercise price was greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would be antidilutive. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS The Company's financial instruments principally consist of accounts receivable, accounts payable, line of credit, note payable to a bank, and notes payable to a related party as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 107, "Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments." The carrying value of accounts receivable and accounts payable approximate of their fair value due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The carrying value of the line of credit and note payable to a bank approximates its fair market value since these financial instruments carry a floating interest rate. The fair market value of the note payable to a related party approximated its carrying value based on current market rates for such debt. MANAGEMENT'S USE OF ESTIMATES The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results may differ from those estimates. F-15 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 2. INVENTORIES Inventories are comprised of the following:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR ------------- -------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 ------------- ------------ ------------ Purchased parts and assemblies $10,658,000 $ 9,722,000 $11,961,000 Work-in-process 2,788,000 3,228,000 2,853,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- $13,446,000 $12,950,000 $14,814,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
3. EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS Equipment and leasehold improvements, at cost, consist of the following:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR ------------- -------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 ------------- ------------ ------------ Leasehold improvements $1,331,000 $1,009,000 $1,575,000 Machinery and equipment 5,354,000 3,202,000 3,394,000 Tooling 641,000 308,000 356,000 Furniture and fixtures 342,000 72,000 199,000 Vehicles 31,000 30,000 30,000 Computer equipment 1,301,000 209,000 384,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- 9,000,000 4,830,000 5,938,000 Less: Accumulated depreciation 4,129,000 111,000 855,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- $4,871,000 $4,719,000 $5,083,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
4. INCOME TAXES The tax provision of the Predecessor has been computed as if the Predecessor filed a separate income tax return. For the period ending December 31, 1995, the taxable income of the Predecessor was included in the consolidated Federal and State tax returns of its Parent. Under a tax sharing arrangement with its Parent, the Predecessor's deferred tax assets were expected to be recoverable against the current or future earnings of the F-16 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 4. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Predecessor or its Parent. Accordingly, the deferred tax valuation allowance for certain deferred taxes recoverable through the consolidated tax return of the Parent was reduced resulting in a net deferred tax benefit for the year ended December 31, 1995. For the two months ended December 31, 1996, and the year ended December 31, 1997, the tax provision has been computed on a stand-alone basis. A full valuation allowance for the Successor's net deferred tax assets was provided at the Acquisition date as an adjustment to goodwill due to future uncertainty concerning the ultimate realization of the net deferred tax asset. To the extent the deferred tax assets of the Successor are realized the related reduction in the valuation allowance will be recorded as a reduction to goodwill until goodwill is eliminated and then as a reduction of income tax expense. Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company's deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR ------------- -------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 ------------- ------------ ------------ Deferred tax assets: Net operating loss carryforwards $ 3,026,000 $ 1,953,000 $3,013,000 Inventory valuation accruals 942,000 1,449,000 439,000 Accounts receivable valuation accruals 17,000 131,000 64,000 Environmental remediation accruals 102,000 285,000 - Employee benefits and compensation 135,000 195,000 169,000 Product and service warranties 109,000 82,000 70,000 State tax credits - - 127,000 Other items, net 335,000 351,000 76,000 ----------- ----------- ---------- Total deferred tax assets 4,666,000 4,446,000 3,958,000 Less valuation allowance (1,824,000) (1,427,000) (659,000) ----------- ----------- ---------- Net deferred tax asset 2,842,000 3,019,000 3,299,000
F-17 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 4. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED)
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR ------------- -------------------------- DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1997 ------------- ------------ ------------ Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization methods $1,977,000 $2,474,000 $2,789,000 Property, equipment and landing gear exchange asset basis adjustments - 445,000 445,000 Other items, net 185,000 100,000 65,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- Total deferred tax liabilities 2,162,000 3,019,000 3,299,000 ---------- ---------- ---------- Net deferred tax asset after allowance $ 680,000 $ - $ - ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
Significant components of the provision for taxes based on income are as follows:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- YEAR TEN MONTHS TWO MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31 OCTOBER 31 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1996 1997 --------------- --------------- ---------------- -------------- Current: Federal $ - $ $ - $ - State - - - 1,000 --------- --------- -------- --------- - - - 1,000 Deferred: Federal (504,000) (746,000) 277,000 466,000 State (176,000) (225,000) 105,000 - --------- --------- -------- --------- (680,000) (971,000) 382,000 466,000 --------- --------- -------- --------- (Benefit) provision for taxes $(680,000) $(971,000) $382,000 $467,000 --------- --------- -------- --------- --------- --------- -------- ---------
The tax provision (benefit) for the year ended December 31, 1995, includes a benefit of $525,000, resulting from the reduction of the deferred tax valuation allowance. For the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997, reductions of the valuation reserve of approximately $382,000 and $466,000, respectively, resulted in equivalent reductions of goodwill. For the year ended December 31, 1997 deferred tax assets of $302,000, were determined not to be realizable and were charged directly against the valuation allowance. F-18 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 4. INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) A reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax rate to the effective tax rate, as a percentage of income before tax, is as follows:
PREDECESSOR SUCCESSOR --------------------------------- ---------------------------------- YEAR TEN MONTHS TWO MONTHS YEAR ENDED ENDED ENDED ENDED DECEMBER 31 OCTOBER 31 DECEMBER 31 DECEMBER 31 1995 1996 1996 1997 --------------- --------------- ---------------- -------------- Statutory federal income tax rate (34)% (34)% 34% 34% Nondeductible expenses 13 2 3 3 State income taxes, net of federal benefit (4) (6) 8 - Decrease in valuation reserve (139) - - - ------- ------ ---- ---- Effective tax rate (164)% (38)% 45% 37% ------- ------ ---- ---- ------- ------ ---- ----
The Company has net operating loss carryforwards for federal tax purposes of $7,892,000 which expire in the years 2007 to 2012. The Company also has state net operating loss carryforwards of $3,548,000 which expire in the years 1999 to 2002. Utilization of the net operating losses may be limited as a result of limitations due to changes in ownership. 5. SUCCESSOR LINES OF CREDIT AND NOTES PAYABLE The Company has a revolving line of credit agreement with a bank which permits borrowings up to the lesser of $10,000,000 or a borrowing base of 85% of accounts receivable plus the lesser of $6,000,000 or 50% of the value of acceptable inventory. The line of credit agreement also includes a facility for up to $2,000,000 in letters of credit. The line of credit expires November 30, 1999, and bears interest at either the "offshore rate" plus 1.5% or the bank's reference rate, at the option of the Company. The weighted average interest rate on borrowing outstanding under the line of credit was 7.56% at December 31, 1997. The Company had available borrowings of $427,000 at December 31, 1997 under this agreement. The line of credit agreement contains certain covenants which include, but are not limited to, quick ratio, fixed charge coverage ratio, profitability, and dividend and capital investment limitations. The line of credit is collateralized by all personal property of the Company and guaranteed by a Shareholder of the Company. F-19 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 5. SUCCESSOR LINES OF CREDIT AND NOTES PAYABLE (CONTINUED) The Company also has a shipset purchase line of credit from a bank up to $3,000,000 to finance a portion of the purchase price for landing gear used in the ordinary course of business. This line is payable in monthly installments equal to one eighty fourth of the initial amount of the loan plus interest at either the offshore rate plus 1.875% or at the bank's reference rate, subject to the same terms and conditions as the bank line of credit. The shipset purchase line of credit matures November 30, 1998. At December 31, 1996 and 1997, there were no amounts outstanding under the shipset purchase line of credit. On February 3, 1998, the Company completed its Amended Loan Agreement with Bank of America. This agreement increases the credit available to the Company from $26.5 million to $45.5 million. The Amended Loan Agreement provides the Company with a $15 million revolving line of credit, subject to limitations based on collateral, a $24.5 million dollar term loan and a $6 million capital expenditure facility. The revolving line of credit matures in three years, and the term loan and capital expenditure facilities mature in seven years. At the Company's election, the rate of interest on each of the three facilities is either Bank of America's reference rate or the interbank eurodollar rates on either the London market or the Cayman Islands market. The Company's note payable balance consists of the following:
DECEMBER 31 1996 1997 -------------- -------------- Note payable to a bank, payable in quarterly installments increasing from $212,500 in 1997 to $625,000 in 2002, plus interest at either the offshore rate plus 1.875% or the bank's reference rate, subject to the same terms and conditions as the line of credit, maturing December 31, 2003. The interest rate in effect at December 31, 1997 was 7.6% $13,500,000 $12,650,000 Note payable to related party, interest accrues monthly at 11.8% per annum, interest payments due monthly equal to the lesser of the accrued interest or excess cash flow as defined, subordinated to the line of credit, term loan and capital expenditure loan, quarterly principal payments of $700,000 scheduled to begin in January 2004, through December 2006. 6,500,000 6,500,000 ----------- ----------- 20,000,000 19,150,000 Less current portion 850,000 1,450,000 ----------- ----------- $19,150,000 $17,700,000 ----------- ----------- ----------- -----------
F-20 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 5. SUCCESSOR LINES OF CREDIT AND NOTES PAYABLE (CONTINUED) Maturity of notes payable as of December 31, 1997, is summarized as follows: 1998 $1,450,000 1999 1,700,000 2000 2,250,000 2001 2,250,000 2002 2,500,000 2003 and thereafter 9,000,000 ----------- $19,150,000 ----------- -----------
The Company entered into an interest rate swap agreement (the "Swap Agreement") to reduce the impact of changes in interest rates in its floating rate long term debt. The Swap Agreement dated January 13, 1997 has an initial notional amount of $6,750,000 reducing to $2,781,000 through the expiration date of December 31, 2001. The Company is required to pay interest on the notional amount at the rate of 6.65% and receives from the bank a percentage of the notional amount based on a floating interest rate. The Swap Agreement effectively reduces its interest rate exposure to a fixed rate of 6.65% on the notional amount. The notional amount at December 31, 1997 was $6,325,000. The floating interest rate in effect under the Swap Agreement at December 31, 1997 was 5.87%. The Swap Agreement had a negative fair market value of $128,000 at December 31, 1997. With the Amended Loan Agreement the Company entered into another interest rate swap agreement (the "Swap Agreement") to reduce the impact of changes in interest rates in its floating-rate long-term debt. The Swap Agreement dated February 19, 1998 has an initial notional amount of $14,700,000 reducing to $8,550,000 through the expiration date of March 28, 2002. The Company is required to pay interest on the notional amount at the rate of 6.39% and receives from the bank a percentage of the notional amount based on a floating interest rate. The Swap Agreement effectively reduces its interest rate exposure to a fixed rate of 6.39% of the notional amount. The floating interest rate in effect under the Swap Agreement is 5.625%. 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES OPERATING LEASES The Company leases its facilities, certain office equipment and a vehicle under operating lease agreements, which expire through May 2010 and contain certain escalation clauses based on various inflation indexes. Future minimum rental payments as of December 31, 1997, are summarized as follows: F-21 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED) OPERATING LEASES (CONTINUED) 1998 $ 1,165,000 1999 1,158,000 2000 1,158,000 2001 1,165,000 2002 1,120,000 2003 and thereafter 5,621,000 ----------- $11,387,000 ----------- -----------
The Company entered into a 13-year operating lease for additional office space and warehouse facilities during July 1997. In addition, significant leasehold improvement costs were incurred during the year ended December 31, 1997. The Company incurred rent expense of approximately $980,000, $586,000, $109,000 and $795,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995, the ten months ended October 31, 1996, the two months ended December 31, 1996, and the year ended December 31, 1997, respectively. EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENTS The Company is obligated under certain management employment contracts through October 31, 2001. Future minimum salary expense related to these contracts are summarized as follows: 1998 $ 575,000 1999 575,000 2000 200,000 2001 200,000 ---------- $1,550,000 ---------- ----------
ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION During 1993, the Company and other parties became defendants in a United States Environmental Protection Agency and State of California lawsuit (the "Plaintiffs") alleging violations of certain environmental regulations related to the contamination of ground water in the San Fernando Valley Basin that resulted from the release of F-22 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) hazardous substances. During 1996, the Company recorded additional reserves related to this matter F-23 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (CONTINUED) ENVIRONMENTAL REMEDIATION (CONTINUED) for total reserves of $657,000 at October 31, 1996 and December 31, 1996. The Company has been indemnified by BTR plc for any claims related to this matter in excess of the amount recorded. The amount recorded at December 31, 1996 represented the Company's portion of a settlement that was reached with the Plaintiffs during 1997. LITIGATION The Company is involved in various lawsuits, claims and inquiries, which the Company believes are routine to the nature of the business. In the opinion of management, the resolution of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of the Company. 7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS SALES AND PURCHASES The Predecessor Company generated revenue and purchased goods and services from its Parent and various subsidiaries of its Parent (collectively the Affiliates). Certain long term purchase agreements with the Affiliates have continued under the Successor company. Total revenues for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996 from the Affiliates were approximately $552,000 and $331,000, respectively. Total purchases for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996 from the affiliates were approximately $6,820,000 and $5,437,000, respectively. In the ordinary course of business, the Successor pays sales commissions to a company which is also a shareholder of the Successor. During the period from January 1, 1997 through December 31, 1997, the Successor paid $556,000 of commissions and reimbursed expenses to this related party. F-24 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED) NOTES PAYABLE TO RELATED PARTY As more fully described in Note 5, the Successor is subject to a note payable to a company controlled by shareholders of the Successor for $6,500,000 which is included in notes payable on the balance sheets. Interest expense on this note payable for the two months ended December 31, 1996 and the year ended December 31, 1997 amounted to $74,000 and $767,000, respectively. DUE TO PARENT AND AFFILIATES The Predecessor generally funded its operations through borrowings from the Parent through October 31, 1996. The Predecessor made payments against such borrowings based on cash availability although there were no contractual payment terms. Amounts classified as current in the balance sheet at December 31, 1995 represent the estimated amount of the borrowing paid from working capital as of December 31, 1995. During the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996, the weighted average interest rate was 5.6% and 4.9%, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996, the average borrowings outstanding on the due to Parent and affiliates were approximately $28,624,000 and $32,978,000, respectively, and Company recognized interest expense on borrowings from its Parent and affiliates of $1,598,000, and $1,609,000, respectively. All borrowing amounts due to Parent and affiliates were settled in connection with the November 1, 1996 acquisition of the Company. MANAGEMENT FEE The Company has an agreement (the "Old Management Agreement") with Unique Investment Corporation ("UIC") to pay a management fee of $25,000 per month. Certain shareholders of the Company are related parties to UIC. The Company paid $50,000 to UIC during the period from November 1, 1996 through December 31, 1996, and $300,000 during the period from January 1, 1997 through December 31, 1997. In September 1997, the Company and Unique entered into a new management services agreement (the "New Management Services Agreement") pursuant to which, upon the consummation of the anticipated Offering, the Old Management Agreement will be terminated, and Unique will be entitled to receive $150,000 per year payable monthly commencing in January 1999 for certain management services rendered to the Company. F-25 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 7. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS (CONTINUED) MANAGEMENT FEE (CONTINUED) The New Management Services Agreement will terminate upon the Company completing an underwritten public offering in which selling shareholders offer 25% or more of the Common Stock sold in such offering. In September 1997, the Company also entered into a mergers and acquisitions agreement with Unique pursuant to which Unique is entitled to receive $300,000 upon the closing of the BA Acquisition for services provided in connection with the acquisition. PARENT COMPANY ALLOCATION OF EXPENSES The Predecessor received a charge from its Parent for certain insurance (i.e., workers' compensation, product liability, group medical, etc.) and employee benefit program expenses that were contracted and paid by the Parent and allocated to the various subsidiaries. Management believes these allocations approximate the amounts that would have been incurred had the Predecessor operated on a stand-alone basis. Included in general and administrative expense and cost of revenues is $436,000 and $1,504,000 for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996, respectively, of costs charged to the Predecessor by the Parent for these programs. WARRANTY REIMBURSEMENT FROM PARENT The Predecessor had an arrangement with the Parent whereby certain warranty costs incurred by the Predecessor for the failure of parts purchased from the Parent or its affiliates were reimbursed to the Predecessor. For the year ended December 31, 1995, the Predecessor received $184,000 for reimbursement of warranty costs incurred by the Predecessor. 8. STOCK OPTION PLAN In November 1997, the Board of Directors adopted the Company's 1997 Stock Option Plan (the "1997 Plan"). The 1997 Plan, provides for the grant of options to directors, officers, other employees and consultants of the Company to purchase up to an aggregate of 634,514 shares of Common Stock. The purpose of the 1997 Plan is to provide participants with incentives that will encourage them to acquire a proprietary interest in, F-26 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 8. STOCK OPTION PLAN (CONTINUED) and continue to provide services to, the Company. Options granted under the 1997 Plan may be "incentive stock options" as defined in Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or nonqualified options. The exercise price of any incentive stock options granted may not be less than 100% of the fair market value of Common Stock as of the date of grant (110% of the fair market value if the grant is to an employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company). Nonqualified options may be granted under the 1997 Plan at an exercise price of not less than 85% of the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant. Options may not be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant (five years after the date of grant if the grant is an incentive stock option to an employee who owns more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of capital stock of the Company). The number of options outstanding and the exercise price thereof are subject to adjustments in the case of certain transactions such as mergers, recapitalizations, stock splits or stock dividends. In November 1997, the Board of Directors of the Company granted six-year options to purchase 259,572 shares of Common Stock under the 1997 Plan. All of these options are exercisable at the initial public offering price per share. The options generally will be subject to vesting and will become exercisable at a rate of 5% per quarter from the date of grant, subject to the optionee's continuing employment with the Company. Certain options become fully vested and exercisable upon a change in control as defined. In addition, in November 1997, the Board of Directors granted five-year management stock options to purchase an aggregate of 115,365 shares of Common Stock. All of these options are vested and are exercisable at the initial public offering price per share. 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS Effective January 1, 1997, the Company adopted a defined benefit pension plan (the 1997 Plan) to provide retirement benefits to its employees. This non-contributory plan covers substantially all employees of the Company as of the effective date of the plan. Pursuant to plan provisions, normal monthly retirement benefits are equal to the participant's credited benefit service (up to a maximum of 35 years) times the sum of 0.75% of the participant's final average monthly compensation plus 0.65% of such compensation in excess of the participant's covered average monthly wage. The plan also provides for early retirement and certain death and disability benefits. The Company's funding policy F-27 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (CONTINUED) for the plans is to contribute amounts sufficient to meet the minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, plus any additional amounts which the Company may determine to be appropriate. For the year ended December 31, 1995 the Company recorded net periodic pension expense of $166,000 and during the ten months ended October 31, 1996 the Company recorded a net periodic pension expense of $234,000 as part of the allocated charges from the Parent. The net pension cost for Company-sponsored defined benefit pension plan for the year ended December 31, 1997 included the following components:
SUCCESSOR ------------- YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1997 ------------- Service cost $ 94,000 Interest cost 54,000 Net amortization and deferral 34,000 -------- Net pension cost $182,000 --------
F-28 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (CONTINUED) The reconciliation of the funded status of the defined benefit pension plan is as follows:
SUCCESSOR ------------- YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31 1997 ------------- Actuarial present value of benefits: Vested benefits $ (159,000) Nonvested benefits (101,000) ----------- Accumulated benefit obligation (260,000) Effect of projected future compensation increases (780,000) ----------- Projected benefit obligation (1,040,000) Fair value of plan assets - ----------- Projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets (1,040,000) Unrecognized prior service cost 745,000 Unrecognized net losses 113,000 Minimum pension liability (78,000) ----------- Pension liability $ (260,000) ----------- -----------
The Company made no contributions to the Plans during the year ended December 31, 1997. The assumptions used in the determination of the net pension cost for the defined benefit pension plan were as follows:
1997 ---- Discount rate 7% Rate of increase in compensation levels 3% Expected long-term rate of return on assets 7%
Effective January 1, 1997, the Company also adopted a defined contribution 401(k) retirement savings plan which covers substantially all employees of the Company. Plan participants are allowed to contribute up to 15% of their base annual compensation and are entitled to receive a company match equal to 50% of the participant's contribution up to a maximum of 6% of the participant's annual base compensation. Participant contributions to the plan are immediately fully vested while company matching contributions are subject to a five-year vesting period. All contributions to the plan are F-29 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 9. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS (CONTINUED) held in a separate trust account. During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company's matching contribution amounted to $137,000. This amount was expensed during the period and is included in the statement of operations. 10. RESTRUCTURING CHARGES The Predecessor closed its facility in Miami, Florida during May 1996. This closure and the transfer of certain fixed assets and inventory to the Sun Valley, California facility resulted in a nonrecurring restructuring charge of $1,196,000 in the statement of operations for the ten months ended October 31, 1996. The nonrecurring charge primarily includes costs incurred related to fixed and other asset write-offs of approximately $600,000, payroll and severance of approximately $190,000, moving and integration costs of approximately $243,000 and the balance for facility and other charges. Additionally, the Company recorded Miami related inventory write-offs of approximately $489,000, which were charged to cost of sales during the ten months ended October 31, 1996. Revenues and operating income of Miami, Florida operations which will not be continued were approximately as follows for the year ended December 31, 1995 and the ten months ended October 31, 1996:
1995 1996 ---------- ---------- Revenue $7,404,000 $2,049,000 Operating income (loss) (74,000) (40,000)
11. STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY Aqhawk, Inc., was formed on November 1, 1996 with the issuance of 400 shares of Series A Preferred Stock to an individual for $2,000,000 and the issuance of 5,741,206 shares of Common Stock to the same individual, certain shareholders of UIC and management of the Company. Effective November 1, 1996 Aqhawk, Inc., merged with the Company through the issuance of 2,870,603 shares of Common Stock of the Company in exchange for the 5,741,206 shares of Common Stock of Aqhawk, Inc., and the issuance of 400 shares of Series A Preferred Stock of the Company for 400 shares of Preferred Stock of Aqhawk, Inc. A value of $40,000 was assigned to 229,648 shares of Common Stock issued to management and such amount was expensed as compensation expense in the two months ended December 31, 1996. In 1997 the Company received $1,000,000 for the issuance of 101,619 shares of F-30 Hawker Pacific Aerospace Notes to Financial Statements (continued) 11. STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY (CONTINUED) the Company's Common Stock. The capital infusion was made pursuant to an agreement under which the majority shareholder had agreed to provide to the Company up to $1,000,000 in return for Common Stock. The Series A Preferred Stock was converted into 250,000 shares of Common Stock in connection with the Company's initial public offering. 12. NON-MONETARY EXCHANGE TRANSACTION During the year ended December 31, 1997, the Company sold certain landing gear with a book value of $1,240,000 for a different landing gear valued at $1,800,000 and cash of $250,000. In connection with the exchange transaction the Company recognized profit of $78,000 during the year ended December 31, 1997, representing the pro rata portion of the gain associated with the cash received. The landing gear received in the exchange was recorded in the amount of $1,068,000. 13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS ACQUISITION OF CERTAIN ASSETS OF BRITISH AIRWAYS On February 4, 1998 (the "Acquisition Date"), the Company completed its acquisition of certain assets of British Airways ("BA Assets"). The BA Assets represent the assets of British Airways Engineering used to service landing gear primarily on British Airways' aircraft. The purchase price for the BA Assets was approximately $18.5 million subject to adjustment to reflect certain changes to the quantity and condition of the assets purchased and the potential purchase of one landing gear shipset priced at approximately $2.9 million. As part of the BA Acquisition, the Company and British Airways entered into a seven-year exclusive service agreement on February 4, 1998 for the Company to provide landing gear and related repair and overhaul services to substantially all of the aircraft currently operated by British Airways. F-31 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this Annual Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE By /s/ Scott W. Hartman --------------------------- Scott W. Hartman CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD Date: March 25, 1998 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this Annual Report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. SIGNATURE TITLE DATE --------- ----- ---- /s/Scott W. Hartman - - --------------------------- Chairman of the Board March 25, 1998 Scott W. Hartman /s/David L. Lokken - - --------------------------- President, Chief Executive March 25, 1998 David L. Lokken Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/Brian S. Aune - - --------------------------- Vice President and Chief March 25, 1998 Brian S. Aune Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) /s/Daniel J. Lubeck - - --------------------------- Secretary and Director March 25, 1998 Daniel J. Lubeck /s/John G. Makoff - - --------------------------- Director March 25, 1998 John G. Makoff /s/Joel F. McIntyre - - --------------------------- Director March 25, 1998 Joel F. McIntyre /s/Daniel C. Toomey, Jr. - - --------------------------- Director March 25, 1998 Daniel C. Toomey, Jr. /s/Mellon C. Baird - - --------------------------- Director March 25, 1998 Mellon C. Baird
EX-10.15A 2 EXH. 10.15A Exhibit 10.15A FIRST AMENDMENT TO LEASE AGREEMENT This First Amendment (this "Amendment") is entered into as of December 15, 1997 by and between Industrial Centers Corp. ("Lessor") and Hawker Pacific Aerospace (formerly Hawker Pacific, Inc.), a California corporation ("Lessee"), in order to amend that certain Lease Agreement, dated March 31, 1997 (the "Lease"), between Lessor and Lessee as herein set forth: 12. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING. Section 12.1(b) is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows: "(b) A change in control of Lessee shall constitute an assignment requiring consent. The transfer, on a cumulative basis of twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the voting control of Lessee, other than any bona-fide underwritten public offering of Lessee's securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any securities issued pursuant to Lessee's employee stock option plans, shall constitute a change in control for this purpose." IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amendment is executed as of the date first above written. LESSOR: Industrial Centers Corp. By: /s/ Bradley D. Howard ---------------------------------- Name: Bradley D. Howard -------------------------------- Title: President ------------------------------- LESSEE: HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE By: /s/ Brian S. Aune ---------------------------------- Brian S. Aune Chief Financial Officer EX-10.19 3 EXH. 10.19 AMENDED AND RESTATED SUBORDINATED PROMISSORY NOTE THIS INSTRUMENT IS SUBJECT TO A DEBT SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT IN FAVOR OF BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION DATED JANUARY 23, 1998. $5,000,000 Orange County, California February 3, 1998 FOR VALUE RECEIVED, the undersigned, Hawker Pacific Aerospace, a California corporation ("Borrower"), promises to pay to Unique Investment Corporation, a California corporation ("Lender"), or order, at such place as Lender from time to time may designate, the principal sum of Five Million Dollars ($5,000,000), together with interest on the unpaid principal balance as set forth herein, with principal and interest payable at the times and in the manner set forth in this Note. Reference is made to the Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement, dated January 23, 1998 (the "Loan Agreement"), between Borrower and Bank of America National Trust and Savings Association ("Bank"). This Amended and Restated Subordinated Promissory Note is the Subordinated Note referred to in the Loan Agreement. 1. MATURITY. The entire unpaid principal balance of this Note shall be due and payable on the earlier of (i) 180 days after the termination of the Loan Agreement or (ii) June 30, 2005 (the "Maturity Date"). 2. INTEREST. Interest on the unpaid balance of this Note shall accrue at the rate of 11.8% per annum from the date hereof through the Maturity Date, and shall accrue on the basis of actual days based on a 365-day year. Interest shall be payable monthly in arrears on the tenth day of each calendar month; provided, however, the first such payment shall be for the period commencing as of the date hereof and ending on February 28, 1998. 3. NO PREPAYMENT PENALTY. At no time shall Borrower be charged a prepayment penalty or yield maintenance fee of any kind. 4. BLOCKING RIGHTS. During the period commencing on the date hereof and ending upon the Maturity Date, should an Event of Default (as defined in the Loan Agreement) occur under the Loan Agreement, Bank shall have the right by delivering written notice thereof to Borrower and Lender to (i) block all payments hereunder and (ii) to prevent Lender from exercising any of its rights and remedies hereunder in the event of such blockage of payments all as set forth in the Subordination Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, between Borrower, Lender, Bank, Melanie L. Bastian, and Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited. 5. DEFAULT. In the event of any default in the performance or observance of any covenant or obligation of Borrower under this Note, Lender may elect, without notice or demand to Borrower, to declare all principal and accrued and unpaid interest under this Note immediately due and payable. Any failure of Lender to make such election following a default or defaults shall not constitute a waiver of Lender's right to make the election in the event of any subsequent default. 6. LATE PAYMENT CHARGE. If any payment under this Note (whether of principal or interest or both, and including the payment due on the Maturity Date or upon any acceleration of this Note) is not paid within ten (10) days after the date on which it is due, Borrower shall pay to Lender, in addition to the delinquent payment and without any requirement of notice or demand by Lender, a late payment charge equal to two percent (2%) of the amount of the delinquent payment. Borrower expressly acknowledges and agrees that the foregoing late payment charge is reasonable under the circumstances existing on the date of this Note, that it would be extremely difficult and impractical to fix Lender's actual damages arising out of any late payment and that the foregoing late payment charge shall be presumed to be the actual amount of such damages incurred by Lender. No provision in this Note (including without limitation the provisions for a late payment charge) shall be construed as in any way excusing Borrower from its obligation to make each payment under this Note promptly when due. All payments made hereunder shall be applied first to late payment charges and accrued but unpaid interest until all such charges and interest are paid, and then to principal. 7. COSTS OF COLLECTION. Borrower agrees to pay all costs and expenses incurred by Lender, including without limitation attorneys' fees and costs, in the event (i) this Note or any portion of this Note is placed for collection; (ii) suit is instituted to collect this Note or any portion of this Note; (iii) any bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization proceeding or receivership involving Borrower or any affiliate of Borrower occurs in which Lender is required to appear, or from which Lender is required to seek relief; and/or (iv) Lender 2. is required to engage an attorney to cause Borrower to comply with any of the provisions hereof. 8. CERTAIN WAIVERS. Borrower and all endorsers jointly and severally waive diligence, grace, demand, presentment for payment, exhibition of this Note, protest, notice of protest, notice of dishonor, notice of demand, notice of nonpayment, and any and all exemption rights against the indebtedness evidenced by this Note, and agree to any and all extensions or renewals from time to time without notice and to any partial payments of this Note made before or after maturity and that no such extension, renewal or partial payment shall release any one or all of them from the obligation of payment of this Note or any installment of this Note, and consent to offsets of any sums owed to any one or all of them by Lender at any time. 9. CONSTRUCTION OF NOTE. Headings in this Note are solely for convenience and are not to be referred to in construing this Note. All references to paragraphs are to paragraphs in this Note. This Note shall be governed by, interpreted and enforced under and according to the laws of the State of California. If a law which applies to this Note and sets maximum interest rates and loan charges is finally interpreted so that the interest or other loan charges collected or to be collected in connection with this Note exceed the lawful limits, then (i) such interest or loan charge shall thereafter be reduced to the permitted limit and (ii) any sums already collected from Borrower which exceed the permitted limit will be refunded to Borrower. Lender may choose to make this refund by reducing the principal owed under this Note or by making a direct payment to Borrower. 10. LOSS, THEFT, DESTRUCTION OR MUTILATION OF NOTE. In the event of the loss, theft or destruction of this Note, upon Borrower's receipt of a reasonably satisfactory indemnification agreement executed in favor of Borrower by the party who held this Note immediately prior to its loss, theft or destruction, or in the event of the mutilation of this Note, upon surrender to the Borrower of the mutilated Note, Borrower shall execute and deliver to the holder a new promissory note in form and content identical to this Note in lieu of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Note. 11. NOTICES. All notices and other communications pertaining hereto shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered personally, or two days after being sent via overnight 3. courier, postage prepaid, to the following addresses or to such other address or addresses as Borrower or Lender may from to time designate in writing: To Borrower: 11240 Sherman Way Sun Valley, California 91352 Attention: David L. Lokken To Lender: 1831 South Ritchey Street Santa Ana, California 92705 Attention: Daniel J. Lubeck IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Note has been duly executed and delivered by Borrower on and as of the date first above written. BORROWER: Hawker Pacific Aerospace, a California corporation By: /s/ David L. Lokken ---------------------------------- David L. Lokken, President 4. EX-10.21A 4 EXH. 10.21A Exhibit 10.21 FIRST AMENDMENT TO LEASE AGREEMENT This First Amendment (this "Amendment") is entered into as of December 15, 1997 by and between Industrial Centers Corp. (formerly Industrial Bowling Corp.) ("Lessor") and Hawker Pacific Aerospace (formerly Hawker Pacific, Inc.), a California corporation ("Lessee"), in order to amend that certain Lease Agreement, dated July 28, 1994 (the "Lease"), between Lessor and Lessee as herein set forth: 1. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING. Section 12.1(b) is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows: "(b) A change in control of Lessee shall constitute an assignment requiring consent. The transfer, on a cumulative basis of twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the voting control of Lessee, other than any bona fide underwritten public offering of Lessee's securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any securities issued pursuant to Lessee's employee stock option plans, shall constitute a change in control for this purpose." 2. FULL FORCE AND EFFECT. By its execution of this Amendment, Lessor confirms that the Lease is in full force in effect and that no default occurred thereunder in connection with the purchase by Aqhawk, Inc. of all of the outstanding capital stock of Hawker from BTR Dunlop, Inc. in November 1996. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amendment is executed as of the date first above written. LESSOR: Industrial Centers Corp. By: /s/ Bradley D. Howard --------------------------------- Name: Bradley D. Howard ------------------------------- Title: President ------------------------------ LESSEE: HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE By: /s/ Brian S. Aune --------------------------------- Brian S. Aune Chief Financial Officer EX-10.25A 5 EXH. 10.25A Exhibit 10.25A FIRST AMENDMENT TO LEASE AGREEMENT This First Amendment (this "Amendment") is entered into as of January __, 1997 by and between Allstate Insurance Company, an Illinois Insurance Corporation ("Lessor"), and Hawker Pacific Aerospace (formerly Hawker Pacific, Inc.), a California corporation ("Lessee"), in order to amend that certain Lease Agreement, dated June 24, 1997 (the "Lease"), between Lessor and Lessee as herein set forth: 12. ASSIGNMENT AND SUBLETTING. Section 12.1(b) is hereby amended to read in its entirety as follows: "(b) A change in control of Lessee shall constitute an assignment requiring consent. The transfer, on a cumulative basis of twenty-five percent (25%) or more of the voting control of Lessee, other than any bona fide underwritten public offering of Lessee's securities registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or any securities issued pursuant to Lessee's employee benefit plans, shall constitute a change in control for this purpose." IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Amendment is executed as of the date first above written. LESSOR: ALLSTATE INSURANCE COMPANY By: /s/ George A. Pandoleon ---------------------------------- Name: George A. Pandoleon -------------------------------- Title: Authorized Signatory ------------------------------- LESSEE: HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE By: /s/ Brian S. Aune ---------------------------------- Brian S. Aune Chief Financial Officer EX-10.27 6 EXH. 10.27 AMENDED AND RESTATED BUSINESS LOAN AGREEMENT January 23, 1998 between HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation, and BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE 1. DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2. LINE OF CREDIT (FACILITY NO.1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.1 Line of Credit Amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.2 Availability Period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.3 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.4 Interest Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2.5 Repayment Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.6 Letters of Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 3. TERM LOAN (FACILITY NO. 2). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.1 Loan Amount . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.2 Availability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.3 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.4 Interest Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.5 Repayment Terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3.6 Mandatory Prepayments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE FACILITY (FACILITY NO.3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.1 Capital Expenditure Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 5. OPTIONAL INTEREST RATE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.1 Optional Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 5.2 Offshore Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 6. FEES, EXPENSES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.1 Fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.2 Expenses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 6.3 Reimbursement Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 7. COLLATERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.1 Personal Property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.2 Guarantees; Personal Property Supporting Guarantees. . . . . . . . . . 22 7.3 Future Subsidiaries and Collateral. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7.4 Subordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 i 8. DISBURSEMENTS, PAYMENTS AND COSTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.1 Requests for Credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.2 Disbursements and Payments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.3 Telephone and Telefax Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 8.4 Direct Debit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 8.5 Direct Debit (Line of Credit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 8.6 Banking Days. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.7 Taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.8 Additional Costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.9 Interest Calculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.10 Default Rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 8.11 Overdrafts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 8.12 Collections on Accounts Receivable. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9. CONDITIONS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.1 Authorizations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 9.2 Incumbency Certificates; Governing Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.3 Security Agreements, Etc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.4 Evidence of Priority. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.5 Consent to Removal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.6 Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.7 Business Interruption Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.8 Guaranty. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.9 Subordination Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.10 Initial Public Offering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 9.12 Legal Opinions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.13 Appraisal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.14 Payment of Fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Material Contracts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.16 Consents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.17 Certain Financial Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 9.23 Other Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10.1 Organization of Borrower and its Subsidiaries . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 10.2 Authorization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 ii 10.3 Enforceable Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.4 Good Standing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.5 No Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.6 Financial Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.7 Lawsuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 10.8 Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.9 Permits, Franchises. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.10 Other Obligations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.11 Income Tax Returns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.12 No Event of Default. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.13 Merchantable Inventory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.14 ERISA Plans. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 10.15 Location of Borrower and its Subsidiaries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 10.16 Certain Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 10.17 The Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.18 Environmental. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.19 Governmental Regulation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.20 Copyrights, Patents, Trademarks and Licenses, etc. . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.21 Contracts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 10.22 Year 2000 Compliance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 11. COVENANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11.1 Use of Proceeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11.2 Use of Proceeds: Ineligible Securities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11.3 Financial and Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 11.4 Senior Funded Debt to Adjusted EBITDA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 11.5 Fixed Charge Coverage Ratio . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 11.6 Profitability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 11.7 Other Debts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 11.8 Other Liens. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 11.9 Capital Expenditures for Rotable Gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 11.10 Capital Expenditures for Other Assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 11.11 Dividends and Other Payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.12 Loans to Officers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.13 Notices to Bank. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.14 Books and Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.15 Audits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 11.16 Compliance with Laws . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.17 Preservation of Rights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.18 Maintenance of Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 iii 11.19 Perfection of Liens . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.20 Places of Business. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.21 Cooperation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 11.22 Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 (a) Insurance Covering Collateral . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 (b) General Business Insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 (c) Evidence of Insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 11.23 Additional Negative Covenants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 11.24 ERISA Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 11.25 Inspection of Property and Books and Records. . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 11.26 Environmental Laws. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 11.27 Collection of Accounts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 11.28 Amendment to the Environmental Indemnities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 11.29 Capitalization of HP UK . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 12. DEFAULT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 12.1 Failure to Pay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 12.2 Lien Priority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 12.3 Loan Documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 12.4 False Informat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.5 Bankruptcy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.6 Receivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.7 Judgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.8 Government Action . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.9 Material Adverse Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.10 Cross-default . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 12.11 Other Bank Agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 12.12 ERISA Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 12.13 Environmental Indemnity Breach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 12.14 Change in Control or Management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 12.15 Subordination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 12.16 Balance Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 12.17 Other Breach Under Agreement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 13. ENFORCING THIS AGREEMENT; MISCELLANEOUS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 13.1 GAAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 13.2 California Law . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 13.3 Successors and Assigns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 13.4 Arbitration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 13.5 Severability; Waivers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 iv 13.6 Administration Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 13.7 Attorneys' Fees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 13.8 One Agreement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 13.9 Disposition of Schedules, Reports, Etc. Delivered by Borrower. . . . . 51 13.10 Returned Merchandise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 13.11 Verification of Receivables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 13.12 Indemnification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 13.13 Notices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 13.14 Headings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 13.15 Counterparts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 v AMENDED AND RESTATED BUSINESS LOAN AGREEMENT This Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement (this "Agreement") dated as January 23, 1998 is entered into between BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION ("BANK") and HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation ("BORROWER"), and amends and restates in its entirety the Business Loan Agreement (the "Existing Loan Agreement") dated November 27, 1996 between the Bank and Borrower (acting under its former name, Hawker Pacific, Inc.). Borrower and Bank hereby agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS In addition to the terms defined elsewhere in this Agreement, the following terms have the meanings indicated for the purposes of this Agreement: "ACCEPTABLE RECEIVABLE" means an account receivable which satisfies the following requirements: (a) The account has resulted from the sale of goods or the performance of services by Borrower or HP UK in the ordinary course of their business. (b) There are no conditions which must be satisfied before Borrower or HP UK is entitled to receive payment of the account. Accounts arising from COD sales, consignments or guaranteed sales are not acceptable. (c) The debtor upon the account does not claim any defense to payment and has not asserted any counterclaims or offsets against Borrower or its Subsidiaries. To the extent any credit balances exist in favor of the debtor, such credit balances shall be deducted from the account balance. (d) The account represents a genuine obligation of the debtor for goods sold and accepted by the debtor, or for services performed for and accepted by the debtor. (e) Borrower or HP UK has sent an invoice to the debtor in the amount of the account. (f) The account is owned by Borrower or HP UK free of any title defects or any liens or interests of others except the security interest in favor of Bank. 1 (g) The debtor upon the account is not any of the following: (i) an employee, affiliate, parent or Subsidiary of Borrower or HP UK, or an entity which has common officers or directors with Borrower or HP UK. (ii) any government or any agency or department of any nation other than an account of Borrower arising out of the Coast Guard Contract (and then only to the extent that Borrower has caused an effective assignment of the Coast Guard Contract to occur under the Federal Assignment of Claims Act assigning the interest of Bank in the Coast Guard Contract, to the satisfaction of Bank), and any other contract with the United States of America or its agencies and instrumentalities which is reasonably acceptable to Bank and as to which such a filing has been completed. (iii) any person or entity located in a foreign country (other than accounts owed to Borrower from debtors located in the Canadian provinces of Quebec, Ontario, British Columbia, Saskatchewan and Manitoba) unless the account is supported by a letter of credit issued by a bank acceptable to Bank or by FCIA insurance or other credit insurance acceptable to Bank in its sole discretion, and in the case of accounts receivable owed by account debtors located in the United Kingdom, debtors whose accounts are owed to HP UK. (iv) any person or entity to whom Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries are obligated for goods purchased or services performed (but only to the extent of such obligation). (h) The account is not in default. An account will be considered in default if any of the following occur: (i) The account is not paid within the 90 day period starting on its original invoice date or, in the case of accounts owed by any Major Customer, the 120 day period starting on its original invoice date (it being understood that the entire amount of such accounts which is not paid within the foregoing periods shall be excluded from Borrower's and HP UK's gross accounts receivable balance without regard to any credit balances due to the account debtor with respect to any such account); 2 (ii) The debtor obligated upon the account suspends business, makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or fails to pay its debts generally as they come due; or (iii) Any petition is filed by or against the debtor obligated upon the account under any bankruptcy law or any other law or laws for the relief of debtors; (i) The account is not the obligation of a debtor who is in default (as defined in (h) above) on 25% or more of the total accounts upon which such debtor is obligated (or, in the case of any Major Customer, 15% or more of the total accounts upon which such debtor is obligated). (j) The account does not arise from the sale of goods which remain in Borrower's or HP UK's possession or control. (k) The account is not evidenced by a promissory note or chattel paper. (l) The account is otherwise acceptable to Bank. In addition to the foregoing limitations, the dollar amount of accounts included as Acceptable Receivables which are the obligations of a single debtor shall not exceed 20% of Borrower's and HP UK's consolidated gross accounts receivable at that time, PROVIDED THAT (i) such concentration limit for Federal Express will be 30%, and (ii) such concentration limit for British Airways will be 40%, in each case unless and until 15% of the gross accounts receivable of Borrower and HP UK from such account debtor remain unpaid for 90 days past their respective original invoice dates. To the extent the total accounts owed by any debtor exceeds that debtor's concentration limit pursuant to this paragraph, the amount of any such excess shall be excluded. "ACCEPTABLE INVENTORY" means inventory which satisfies the following requirements: (a) The inventory is owned by Borrower or HP UK free of any title defects or any liens or interests of others except the security interest in favor of Bank. (b) In the case of inventory of Borrower, the inventory is permanently located at United States domestic locations of Borrower which Borrower has disclosed to Bank, as to which Bank has an appropriate Uniform Commercial Code financing statement on file, and which is otherwise acceptable to Bank. In the case of inventory of HP UK, the inventory is permanently located at a location in England disclosed to Bank, 3 and is subject to a first priority floating charge in favor of Bank. In either case, if the inventory is covered by a negotiable document of title (such as a warehouse receipt) that document must be delivered to Bank. Inventory which is in transit (including but not limited to inventory in transit between locations of Borrower and its Subsidiaries and any used exchange parts shipped from Borrower's or HP UK's customer but which have not reached their respective locations described above) is not acceptable unless it is covered by a commercial Letter of Credit issued by Bank and the seller of the inventory is required to present shipping or title documents to Bank as a condition to obtaining payment. (c) The inventory is held for sale in the ordinary course of Borrower's and HP UK's business and is of good and merchantable quality. Inventory which is obsolete, unsalable, damaged, defective, discontinued, slow-moving or excess inventory, or which has been returned by the buyer, is not acceptable. For purposes of this clause (c), inventory shall be considered slow moving if Borrower and HP UK have not sold inventory or otherwise dealt in of that type within a 12 month period. Inventory shall be considered "excess inventory" if Borrower's and HP UK's supply of inventory of that type is in excess of the amount which is salable within a 24 month period, as determined by Bank given Borrower's and HP UK's historical sales information. Work-in-process shall not be considered Acceptable Inventory except to the extent that the same consists of purchased parts allocated to work orders but not yet in assembly which are identified as such to the reasonable satisfaction of the Bank. Display items, and packing and shipping materials and supplies are not acceptable inventory and are excluded. (d) The inventory is not placed on consignment or otherwise placed with the customer or on the customer's premises. (f) The inventory does not consist of freight or duty. (g) The inventory consists of property other than rotable gears or Shipsets. (h) The inventory is otherwise acceptable to Bank. "ACQUISITION" means the acquisition by HP UK of the UK Business on the Closing Date pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement. "ACQUISITION AGREEMENT" means that certain Agreement relating to the Sale and Purchase of part of the Business of British Airways Plc among Borrower, HP UK and British Airways dated as of 20th December, 1997, as in effect on the date of this Agreement. 4 "ADJUSTED EBITDA" means, as of each date of determination, EBITDA for the four Fiscal Quarter period ending on that date, EXCEPT THAT (i) as of the Fiscal Quarter ending March 31, 1998, Adjusted EBITDA shall be EBITDA for that Fiscal Quarter plus $5,700,000, (ii) as of the Fiscal Quarter ending June 30, 1998, Adjusted EBITDA shall be EBITDA for the two Fiscal Quarter period then ending plus $4,300,000, and (iii) as of the Fiscal Quarter ending September 30, 1998, Adjusted EBITDA shall be EBITDA for the three Fiscal Quarter period then ending plus $2,400,000. "AMR SHIPSET PAYABLE" means trade accounts payable net of deposits payable to American Airlines in the amount of $2,854,373. "BASTIAN" means Melanie L. Bastian, an individual residing in Orem, Utah. "BORROWER" means Hawker Pacific Aerospace, a California corporation formerly known as Hawker Pacific, Inc., its successors and permitted assigns. "BORROWER DEBENTURE" means a Debenture of even date herewith executed by Borrower providing for a floating charge upon all assets of Borrower which may hereafter be located in the United Kingdom, the terms of which are subject to and controlled by the Security Agreement. "BORROWER SECURITY AGREEMENT" means that certain Security Agreement of even date herewith made by Borrower in favor of Bank, as at any time amended. "BORROWING BASE" means the sum of: (a) 85% of the balance due on the aggregate amount of the Acceptable Receivables; and (b) The lesser 50% of the value of Acceptable Inventory or the Inventory Limit. In determining the value of Acceptable Inventory to be included in the Borrowing Base, Bank will use the lowest of (i) Borrower's or HP UK's cost, (ii) Borrower's or HP UK's estimated market value, or (iii) Bank's independent determination of the resale value of such inventory in such quantities and on such terms as Bank deems appropriate. "BORROWING BASE CERTIFICATE" is defined in Section 11.3(e). "BRITISH AIRWAYS" means British Airways Plc, an English company. 5 "BRITISH AIRWAYS ENVIRONMENTAL INDEMNITY" means the representations, warranties, covenants and indemnities as to environmental matters made by British Airways in favor of Borrower and HP UK in the Acquisition Agreement, including without limitation those set forth in Section 2.2 of Schedule 3 thereto. "BTR ENVIRONMENTAL INDEMNITY" means that certain environmental indemnity dated as of November 27, 1996 made in favor of Borrower by BTR Dunlop, Inc., a Delaware corporation. "CAPITAL EXPENDITURE LOANS" means loans to Borrower made pursuant to Facility No. 3, as described in Section 4. "CASH FLOW" means, for any period, EBITDA for that period, MINUS state and federal income taxes payable in cash by Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to income earned during that period, and net cash taxes payable in the current period for fiscal years prior to that period. "CLOSING DATE" means the date upon which each of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 9 of this Agreement are satisfied or waived in writing by Bank and the initial loans under this Agreement are funded. "COAST GUARD CONTRACT" means that certain Contract No. DTCG38-95-D-20018 dated September 20, 1995, between Borrower and the United States Coast Guard Aircraft Repair and Supply Center, as amended from time to time. "COMMITMENT FEE RATE" means (a) during the period from the Closing Date through the day prior to the commencement of the initial Pricing Period, 0.50% per annum, and (b) during each Pricing Period, the percentage per annum set forth below opposite the Leverage Ratio as of the last day of the Fiscal Quarter ending 45 days prior to the start of that Pricing Period: LEVERAGE RATIO COMMITMENT FEE RATE Less than 2.00:1.00 0.25% Equal to or greater than 2.00:1.00, but less than 2.50:1.00 0.35% Equal to or greater than 6 2.50:1.00, but less than 3.00:1.00 0.375% Equal to or greater than 3.00:1.00 0.50% "DEFAULT" means any event or circumstance which, with the giving of notice or the passage of time, or both, would constitute an Event of Default. "EBITDA" means, for any period, the sum (without duplication) of (a) the consolidated net income of Borrower and its Subsidiaries for that period, PLUS (b) the amount of state and federal taxes paid or payable with respect to such net income, PLUS (c) depreciation and amortization expense of Borrower and its Subsidiaries, MINUS (d) gains (and PLUS losses) associated with the sale of fixed assets to the extent included in such net income, MINUS (e) extraordinary gains during that period, PLUS (f) interest expense of Borrower and its Subsidiaries during that fiscal period, in each case for that period, determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. "ENVIRONMENTAL CLAIMS" means all claims, however asserted, by any governmental authority or other person alleging potential liability or responsibility for violation of any Environmental Law, or for release or injury to the environment. "ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS" means all federal, state or local laws, statutes, common law duties, rules, regulations, ordinances and codes, together with all administrative orders, directed duties, requests, licenses, authorizations and permits of, and agreements with, any governmental authorities, in each case relating to environmental, health, safety and land use matters. "EVENT OF DEFAULT" means any of the circumstances or events constituting defaults hereunder and listed in Section 12. "FACILITY NO. 1 OUTSTANDING AMOUNT" has the meaning set forth in Section 2.1(b). "FACILITY NO. 1 UNUSED AMOUNT" means, as of each date of determination, the difference between (i) $15,000,000, and (ii) the Facility No. 1 Outstanding Amount. "FIXED CHARGES" for any period, means the sum of (a) gross interest expense paid or payable by Borrower and its Subsidiaries in cash (including interest on the Subordinated Note), plus (b) scheduled principal payments on indebtedness of Borrower and its 7 Subsidiaries for borrowed money and capital leases, PLUS (c) for each fiscal quarter during that period during which no scheduled payments are required to be made with respect to the Facility No. 2, $750,000. "HP UK" means Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited, a company organized under the laws of England and Wales (registered No. 3459428), its successors and permitted assigns. "HP UK GUARANTY" means the Composite Guarantee and Debenture of even date herewith executed by HP UK in favor of the Bank, as at any time amended. "INELIGIBLE SECURITIES" means securities which may not be underwritten or dealt in by member banks of the Federal Reserve System under Section 16 of Banking Act of 1933 (12 U.S.C. Section 24, Seventh), as amended. "INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING" means the initial Public Offering of the common stock of Borrower conducted prior to the Closing Date pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Reg. No. 333-40295), as amended, filed by Borrower with the Securities and Exchange Commission. "INTERCOMPANY DEBENTURE" means a Debenture of even date herewith made by HP UK in favor of Borrower in a form acceptable to the Bank, the lien of which shall be subject to a Deed of Priorities of even date therewith among Bank, Borrower and HP UK. "INTERCOMPANY NOTE" means that certain $20,000,000 promissory note of even date herewith made by HP UK in favor of Borrower and pledged to the Bank. "INVENTORY LIMIT" means, as of each date of determination of the Borrowing Base, an amount equal to 75% of the revenues of Borrower and its Subsidiaries for the then most recently ending three month period for which Borrower has reported such revenues on its latest Borrowing Base Certificate. "LETTER OF CREDIT" means any of the standby or commercial letters of credit issued by Bank for the account of Borrower pursuant to Section 2.6. "LEVERAGE RATIO" means, as of the last day of each fiscal quarter of Borrower, the ratio of (a) Senior Funded Debt as of that date to (b) Adjusted EBITDA as of that date. "LOAN DOCUMENTS" means this Agreement, the Borrower Security Agreement, the Lockbox Agreements, the Intercompany Note, each Letter of Credit, the Pledge 8 Agreement, the HP UK Guaranty, the Deed of Priorities among Borrower, HP UK and the Bank, each interest and currency hedging agreement entered into between the Bank and Borrower, and each other instrument, document and agreement now or hereafter executed by Borrower, Bastian, or any of their respective shareholders or affiliates in connection with this Agreement. "LOCKBOX" means post office boxes established by Borrower and HP UK pursuant to the Lockbox Agreements. "LOCKBOX ACCOUNTS" means the blocked bank deposit accounts established by Borrower and HP UK with Bank subject to the first priority lien of Bank into which remittances to a Lockbox are deposited on a daily basis. "LOCKBOX AGREEMENT" means each agreement establishing a Lockbox or Lockbox Account, in any event providing for (i) the deposit of all remittances with respect to accounts receivable of Borrower and HP UK to the Lockboxes, (ii) the deposit of remittances received in the Lockboxes to a Lockbox Account, and (iii) a first priority lien in favor of Bank with respect to the contents of the Lockbox and each Lockbox Account. "MAJOR CUSTOMER" means, collectively, American Airlines, United Airlines, British Airways and Federal Express Corporation and their affiliated business entities. "NET PROCEEDS" means the amount received by Borrower by reason of any Public Offering, after deduction of all actual and reasonably estimated associated fees and transactional expenses. "OFFSHORE RATE MARGIN" means (a) during the period from the Closing Date through the day prior to the commencement of the initial Pricing Period, 1.75%, and (b) during each Pricing Period, the percentage set forth below opposite the Leverage Ratio as of the last day of the Fiscal Quarter ending 45days prior to the start of that Pricing Period: LEVERAGE RATIO OFFSHORE RATE MARGIN Less than 2.00:1.00 1.00% Equal to or greater than 2.00:1.00, but less than 2.50:1.00 1.25% Equal to or greater than 9 2.50:1.00, but less than 3.00:1.00 1.50% Equal to or greater than 3.00:1.00 1.75% "PERMITTED MANAGEMENT FEES" means fees payable to Unique, in equal installments and not less frequently than quarterly, in an annual amount not to exceed (i) $300,000 during 1998 and (ii) $150,000 in each subsequent year. "PLEDGE AGREEMENT" means the Pledge Agreement of even date herewith made by Borrower in favor of Bank to secure the obligations and indebtedness under this Agreement, pursuant to which 100% of the capital stock of HP UK and the Intercompany Note shall be pledged by Borrower to Bank, as at any time amended. "PRICING PERIOD" means the period beginning May 15, 1998 and ending on August 14, 1998, and each of the subsequent and concurrent three month periods beginning on August 15, November 15, February 14 and May 15 during the term of this Agreement. "PUBLIC OFFERING" means each offer and sale by Borrower of capital stock of Borrower pursuant to a registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission other than a registration on Form S-8, and includes the Initial Public Offering. "REFERENCE RATE" is the rate of interest publicly announced from time to time by Bank in San Francisco, California, as its Reference Rate. The Reference Rate is set by Bank based on various factors, including Bank's costs and desired return, general economic conditions and other factors, and is used as a reference point for pricing some loans. Bank may price loans to its customers at, above, or below the Reference Rate. Any change in the Reference Rate shall take effect at the opening of business on the day specified in the public announcement of a change in Bank's Reference Rate. "REFERENCE RATE MARGIN" means (a) during the period from the Closing Date through the day prior to the commencement of the initial Pricing Period, 0.50%, and (b) during each Pricing Period, the percentage set forth below opposite the Leverage Ratio as of the last day of the Fiscal Quarter ending 45 days prior to the start of that Pricing Period: LEVERAGE RATIO REFERENCE RATE MARGIN Less than 2.50:1.00 0% 10 Equal to or greater than 2.50:1.00, but less than 3.00:1.00 0.25% Equal to or greater than 3.00:1.00 0.50%. "SENIOR FUNDED DEBT" means, as of each date of determination, and without duplication, the principal amount of (a) all indebtedness of Borrower and its Subsidiaries for borrowed money, (b) all obligations of Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to capital leases, (c) all obligations of Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to standby letters of credit, and (d) all guarantees and other contingent obligations with respect to any of the foregoing items, OTHER than the Subordinated Note. "SHIPSET" means a landing gear core set for a fixed wing or rotor equipped aircraft. "SUBORDINATED NOTE" means that certain $5,000,000 Amended and Restated Subordinated Promissory Note dated as of the date hereof made by Borrower in favor of Unique, as at any time amended. "SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT" means that certain Amended and Restated Subordination Agreement of even date herewith executed by Bastian, Unique, Borrower, HP UK and Bank, as at any time amended, pursuant to which all obligations of Borrower to Bastian and Unique have been subordinated to the Intercompany Note and the Loan Documents. "SUBSIDIARY" means, as of any date of determination and with respect to any person, any corporation or partnership (whether or not, in either case, characterized as such or as a "joint venture"), whether now existing or hereafter organized or acquired: (a) in the case of a corporation, of which a majority of the securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other governing body (other than securities having such power only by reason of the happening of a contingency) are at the time beneficially owned by such person or one or more Subsidiaries of such person, or (b) in the case of a partnership, of which a majority of the partnership or other ownership interests are at the time beneficially owned by such person or one or more of its Subsidiaries. "UK BUSINESS" means the landing gear repair and overhaul business purchased from British Airways pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement. 11 "UK LOCKBOX AGREEMENT" means [[describe after consultation with UK Counsel]] "UNIQUE" means Unique Investment Corporation, a Utah corporation, its successors and assigns. 2. LINE OF CREDIT (FACILITY NO.1). 2.1 LINE OF CREDIT AMOUNT. (a) During the availability period described below, Bank will provide a line of credit ("FACILITY NO. 1") to Borrower. The maximum amount of the line of credit (the "FACILITY NO. 1 COMMITMENT") is equal to the lesser of (i) $15,000,000 or (ii) the Borrowing Base. (b) This is a revolving line of credit for advances with a within-line facility for Letters of Credit (the maximum effective amount of which shall not exceed $2,000,000 at any time). During the availability period, Borrower may repay principal amounts and reborrow them, to the extent of the excess from time to time of (i) the Facility No. 1 Commitment over (ii) the outstanding principal balance of the line of credit under Facility No. 1 PLUS the outstanding amounts of any Letters of Credit, including amounts drawn on Letters of Credit and not yet reimbursed (such aggregate amount being the "FACILITY NO. 1 OUTSTANDING AMOUNT"). (c) Each advance must be for at least $100,000 or, if less, for the Facility No. 1 Unused Amount. (d) Borrower agrees not to permit the Facility No. 1 Outstanding Amount to at any time exceed the Facility No. 1 Commitment. If Borrower exceeds this limit (including without limitation, because of any decrease in the Borrowing Base), Borrower will immediately pay the excess to Bank upon Bank's demand. 2.2 AVAILABILITY PERIOD. The line of credit is available between the date of this Agreement and January 30, 2001 (the "FACILITY NO. 1 EXPIRATION DATE"), provided that Bank will not be required to make any advances or issue any Letters of Credit under Facility No. 1 if any Default or Event of Default exists under this Agreement. 2.3 PURPOSE. The line of credit shall be used to partially finance the Acquisition (by means of an advance under the Intercompany Note), and for working capital for operations of Borrower and HP UK and for the issuance of Letters of Credit thereafter. 12 2.4 INTEREST RATE. (a) Unless Borrower elects an optional interest rate in the manner described in Section 5, loans under Facility No. 1 shall bear interest at Bank's Reference Rate. (b) Borrower may prepay the loans under Facility No. 1 in full or in part at any time in an amount not less than $10,000 (or the remaining principal balance under Facility No. 1), subject to the limits set forth in Section 5. 2.5 REPAYMENT TERMS (a) Borrower will pay all accrued unpaid interest on the last business day of each calendar month commencing on January 31, 1998 and upon the termination of the Facility No. 1 Commitment. (b) Borrower will repay in full all principal and any unpaid interest or other charges outstanding under this line of credit no later than the Facility No. 1 Expiration Date. Interest on any amount bearing interest at an Offshore Rate (as defined in Section 5) shall be paid on the earliest of the last day of each calendar month, at the end of the applicable interest period, and in any event on the Facility No. 1 Expiration Date. 2.6 LETTERS OF CREDIT. The Facility No. 1 line of credit may be used for the issuance of Letters of Credit, provided that the aggregate effective face amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit PLUS the amount of any unpaid reimbursement obligations of Borrower thereunder shall not exceed $2,000,000 at any time. The within line amount for Letters of Credit shall be used for the issuance of: (i) commercial Letters of Credit in a form and having beneficiaries acceptable to Bank. Each such Letter of Credit shall have a maximum maturity of 180 days but in any event shall not extend beyond the Facility No. 1 Expiration Date. Each commercial Letter of Credit will require drafts payable at sight; (ii) standby Letters of Credit having beneficiaries and terms acceptable to Bank with a maximum maturity of 365 days but not to extend beyond the Facility No. 1 Expiration Date, PROVIDED that standby Letters of Credit in support of workers compensation obligations shall not exceed $750,000 at any time. Standby Letters of Credit may contain provisions allowing for their automatic extension unless Bank is 13 notified, within thirty days of their scheduled expiration, of their non-renewal, provided that they shall in no event extend beyond the Facility No. 1 Expiration Date. Borrower agrees: (a) any sum drawn under a Letter of Credit may, at the option of Bank, be added to the principal amount outstanding under Facility No. 1. The amount will bear interest at the Reference Rate and shall be payable upon demand. (b) if an Event of Default exists, to pay to Bank an amount equal to the aggregate effective face amount of all outstanding Letters of Credit, and all amounts which remain unreimbursed with respect to Letters of Credit to be applied to such unreimbursed amounts or held as cash collateral for the obligations of Borrower under such Letters of Credit. (c) the issuance of any Letter of Credit and any amendment to a Letter of Credit is subject to Bank's written approval and must be in form and substance acceptable to Bank and in favor of a beneficiary acceptable to Bank. (d) to sign Bank's form Application and Agreement for Commercial Letter of Credit or Application and Agreement for Standby Letter of Credit, as applicable. (e) to pay a letter of credit fee with respect to each standby Letter of Credit in an amount equal to the greater of (i) $1000 per annum (or, if higher, then Bank's generally applicable minimum issuance fee for standby letters of credit), or (ii) the then applicable Offshore Rate Margin per annum calculated on the face amount thereof , in each case payable upon issuance and thereafter quarterly in advance, provided that, if there is a Default or Event of Default exists under this Agreement, at Bank's option, the amount of the fee shall be increased to 4.5% per annum. (f) to pay any issuance fees with respect to commercial Letters of Credit, and any amendment and/or other fees with respect to commercial Letters of Credit and/or standby Letters of Credit that Bank notifies Borrower will be charged for issuing and processing Letters of Credit for Borrower, in accordance with Bank's typical schedule of fees. (g) to allow Bank to automatically charge its checking account or other deposit accounts for applicable fees, discounts, and other charges. 14 3. TERM LOAN (FACILITY NO. 2). 3.1 LOAN AMOUNT. Subject to the fulfillment of the conditions precedent set forth in Section 9, Bank agrees to provide a term loan ("FACILITY NO. 2") to Borrower in the amount of $24,500,000 on the Closing Date, PROVIDED THAT in the event that the Initial Public Offering yields Net Proceeds which are in excess of $22,000,000, then the amount of the Facility No. 2 term loan will be reduced to an amount not less than $22,000,000 by the amount of such excess. 3.2 AVAILABILITY. The Facility No. 2 term loan will be made in a single disbursement on the Closing Date. 3.3 PURPOSE. The proceeds of the Facility No. 2 term loan shall be (i) loaned by Borrower to HP UK via the Intercompany Note and shall be used to partially finance the Acquisition and (ii) used by Borrower to refinance certain obligations under the Existing Loan Agreement and to refinance the AMR Shipset Payable. 3.4 INTEREST RATE (a) Unless Borrower elects an optional interest rate in the manner described in Section 5, loans under Facility No. 2 shall bear interest rate at Bank's Reference Rate. (b) Borrower may voluntarily prepay the loan in full or in part at any time in amounts which are not less than $100,000 (subject to its concurrent payment of applicable termination fees described in Section 5). Each such prepayment will be applied to the most remote installment of principal outstanding under Facility No. 2. 3.5 REPAYMENT TERMS (a) Borrower will pay all accrued unpaid interest on January 31, 1998, and then monthly on the last business day of each calendar month thereafter and upon any payment of all or part of the principal of the loan with respect to the amount being paid. Interest on any amount bearing interest with respect to an Offshore Rate shall be paid on the earlier of the last day of each calendar month, at the end of the applicable interest period, and in any event on the December 31, 2004. (b) Borrower will repay principal in successive quarterly installments beginning on March 31, 1999 and on the last calendar day of each successive June, 15 September, December and March in the following amounts (or such lesser amount as may then be outstanding): YEAR DURING WHICH DUE AMOUNT OF EACH INSTALLMENT 1999 $ 812,500 2000 812,500 2001 937,500 2002 1,062,500 2003 1,187,500 2004 1,312,500. 3.6 MANDATORY PREPAYMENTS. In addition to the other scheduled payments of principal required hereunder, Borrower shall repay an amount of principal outstanding under Facility No. 2 equal to: (a) 100% of the net after-tax cash proceeds in excess of $200,000, in the aggregate, received or receivable during each fiscal year from sales, leases or other transfers by Borrower or its Subsidiaries of equipment or other fixed assets unless, during the 180 day period following such sale, lease or other transfer (or, if earlier, the date upon which any Event of Default occurs), such cash proceeds are reinvested in similar equipment or replacement fixed assets. Each such repayment shall be made on the 180th day following the date upon which the sale is consummated, and shall be applied to the outstanding installments of Facility No. 2 in inverse order of their maturity, PROVIDED that if an Event of Default sooner occurs, Borrower shall immediately repay the Facility No. 2 by the amount of the unreinvested cash proceeds of such sale, transfer or other leases. (b) concurrently with the consummation of the related Public Offering, 50% of the Net Proceeds from any offering, subsequent to the Initial Public Offering, of the capital stock of Borrower. If and to the extent that, as of the date of any prepayment required under this Section, Facility No. 2 has been repaid in full, Borrower shall instead make like prepayments of any outstanding obligations under Facility No. 3, to be applied to installments due under Facility No. 3 in the inverse order of their maturity. 16 4. CAPITAL EXPENDITURE FACILITY (FACILITY NO.3). 4.1 CAPITAL EXPENDITURE LOANS. (a) In addition to the other credit provided under this Agreement, during the availability period set forth below, unless a Default or Event of Default exists under this Agreement, Borrower may request Capital Expenditure Loans from Bank in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $6,000,000. The availability period for such loans is from the date of this Agreement through January 30, 2001. Any amount repaid with respect to Capital Expenditure Loans may not be reborrowed. (b) Unless Borrower elects an optional interest rate for Capital Expenditure Loans in the manner described in Section 5, Capital Expenditure Loans shall bear interest at Bank's Reference Rate. Interest on Capital Expenditure Loans will be paid at the times set forth herein as applicable to interest due in respect of Facility No. 2. (c) Each Capital Expenditure Loan shall be used to finance a portion of the purchase price for rotable gears or Shipsets for use in the ordinary course of Borrower's business. All rotable gears and Shipsets acquired with the proceeds of Capital Expenditure Loans shall be free and clear of any security interests, liens, encumbrances or rights of others except the security interests of Bank under any security agreements required under this Agreement. Each request for a Capital Expenditure Loan shall be accompanied by either (i) a copy of the purchase order or invoice for the equipment to be purchased with the proceeds of the advance, or (ii) a detailed cost schedule for the rotable gear or Shipset constructed and such other information as Bank may reasonably require. The amount of each Capital Expenditure Loan shall not exceed the lesser of (x) the cash purchase price or cost to construct the rotable gear or Shipset or (y) 70% of: (i) if Bank in its discretion requests an appraisal, the appraised value of the related rotable gear or Shipset (as determined by a qualified independent appraiser approved by Bank); or (ii) if Bank waives the requirement of such an appraisal, the purchase price paid by Borrower or HP UK for the related rotable gear or Shipset. 17 (d) As conditions precedent to each Capital Expenditure Loan which is made in connection with any capital expenditure which is in excess of $1,000,000 or which results in the aggregate principal amount of capital expenditures made during the then current fiscal year being in excess of $1,500,000: (i) Borrower will deliver to Bank evidence acceptable to Bank of its compliance with all of the terms of this Agreement. (ii) Borrower shall have delivered to Bank (and Bank shall have completed its review of, and shall have approved ) each of the following: (x) pro forma financial statements in form and substance acceptable to Bank demonstrating the pro forma effect of the proposed capital expenditure for the twelve month period following the date thereof, the proposed Capital Expenditure Loan and other projected new financings, projected revenues and working capital requirements related thereto demonstrating projected compliance with all terms of this Agreement; and (y) the contract entered into by Borrower or HP UK which requires the purchase or assembly of additional Shipsets or rotable gears. (e) As conditions precedent to the making of Capital Expenditure Loans which are, in the aggregate, in excess of $3,000,000, Borrower shall have delivered its audited consolidated financial statements to Bank demonstrating compliance with the terms of this Agreement and the other Loan Documents as of the date thereof, and EBITDA of not less than $10,000,000 during Borrower's fiscal year 1998. (f) Borrower will repay principal of each Capital Expenditure Loan made hereunder in successive equal quarterly installments beginning on the March 31, June 30, September 30 or December 31 next following the making of such loan, with all remaining principal and any unpaid interest and charges then remaining outstanding under Facility No. 3 in any event being due and payable on December 31, 2004. Each quarterly installment payment due under this clause (f) with respect to each Capital Expenditure Loan shall be equal to one eighty-fourth of the initial amount of the related Capital Expenditure Loan. 18 5. OPTIONAL INTEREST RATE 5.1 OPTIONAL RATE. Provided that no Default or Event of Default exists, Borrower may elect that Portions (as defined in Section 5.2(b)) of the loans hereunder will bear interest at the Offshore Rate in accordance with this Section 5. The Offshore Rate is a rate per annum based upon a year of 360 days and the actual number of days elapsed. Interest will be paid on the last day of each interest period, and, if the interest period is longer than one month, then on the last business day of each calendar month during the interest period. At the end of any interest period, the interest rate will revert to the Reference Rate, unless Borrower has designated another optional interest rate for the Portion. Subject to Section 8.10, no Portion will be converted to a different interest rate during the applicable interest period. Upon the occurrence of a Default or Event of Default under this Agreement, Bank may terminate the availability of optional interest rates for interest periods commencing after a Default or Event of Default occurs. 5.2 OFFSHORE RATE. The election of the Offshore Rate shall be subject to the following terms and requirements: (a) Borrower may select interest periods for Offshore Rate loans which have durations of 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 or 12 months, provided that no such interest period may be selected which would extend beyond the maturity of the related facility or which would result in Borrower being unable to make a scheduled payment of principal required hereunder without prepayment of the related Portion (as defined below). Borrower may select either the Cayman Islands eurodollar market or the London Inter-bank eurodollar market as the market in which quotations of Offshore Rates are obtained, provided that Borrower shall give the Bank (i) not less than two business days' notice, by 11:00 a.m. on such date, of its request for any loan to be made on the basis of an interest rate quotation based upon the London Interbank eurodollar market, and (ii) notice for loans based upon the Cayman Islands eurodollar market not later than 11:00 a.m. on the relevant date. The last day of the interest period will be determined by Bank using the practices of the relevant offshore dollar inter-bank market. (b) Any principal amount bearing interest at an optional rate under this Agreement is referred to as a "PORTION". Each Offshore Rate Portion will be for an amount not less than $500,000. 19 The "OFFSHORE RATE" means the interest rate determined by the following formula, rounded upward to the nearest 1/100 of one percent. (All amounts in the calculation will be determined by Bank as of the first day of the interest period.) Offshore Rate = OFFSHORE BASE RATE + Offshore Rate Margin --------------------------- (1.00 - Reserve Percentage) Where: (i) "OFFSHORE BASE RATE" means either (a) the interest rate (rounded upward to the nearest 1/16th of one percent) at which the Bank's office in London, England, would offer U.S. dollar deposits for the applicable interest period to other prime banks in the London Interbank eurodollar market, or (b) the interest rate (rounded upward to the nearest 1/16th of one percent) at which Bank's Grand Cayman Branch, Grand Cayman, British West Indies or another branch office of Bank selected by Bank, would offer U.S. dollar deposits for the applicable interest period to other prime banks in the offshore dollar inter-bank market. (ii) "RESERVE PERCENTAGE" means the total of the maximum reserve percentages for determining the reserves to be maintained by member banks of the Federal Reserve System for Eurocurrency Liabilities, as defined in Federal Reserve Board Regulation D, rounded upward to the nearest 1/100 of one percent. The percentage will be expressed as a decimal, and will include, but not be limited to, marginal, emergency, supplemental, special, and other reserve percentages. (c) Subject to Section 5, Borrower may voluntarily prepay any Offshore Rate Portion upon three banking days' advance written notice delivered to Bank. Each prepayment of an Offshore Rate Portion, whether voluntary, by reason of acceleration or otherwise, must be accompanied by the amount of accrued interest on the amount prepaid, and a prepayment fee as described below. A "PREPAYMENT" is a payment of an amount on a date earlier than the scheduled payment date for such amount as required by this Agreement. The prepayment fee shall be equal to the amount (if any) by which: (i) the additional interest which would have been payable during the interest period on the amount prepaid had it not been prepaid, EXCEEDS 20 (ii) the interest which would have been recoverable by Bank by placing the amount prepaid on deposit in the offshore dollar market for a period starting on the date on which it was prepaid and ending on the last day of the interest period for such Portion (or the scheduled payment date for the amount prepaid, if earlier). (d) Bank will have no obligation to accept an election for an Offshore Rate Portion if any of the following described events has occurred and is continuing: (i) Dollar deposits in the principal amount, and for periods equal to the interest period, of an Offshore Rate Portion are not available in the offshore Dollar inter-bank market; or (ii) the Offshore Rate does not accurately reflect the cost of an Offshore Rate Portion. 6. FEES, EXPENSES 6.1 FEES (a) FACILITY FEE. On the Closing Date, Borrower shall pay a facility fee of $100,000 to Bank (net of any credits then applicable thereto). (b) COMMITMENT FEES. Borrower agrees to pay to Bank a commitment fee equal to (a) the sum of (i) Facility No. 1 Unused Amount, and (ii) the undisbursed portion of Facility No. 3, TIMES (b) the then applicable Commitment Fee Rate, quarterly in arrears on the last day of each calendar quarter. The amount of the commitment fees payable hereunder shall not be reduced if any portion of the Facility No. 1 or Facility No. 3 is unavailable to Borrower because of borrowing base limitations or otherwise. (c) EARLY TERMINATION FEE. In the event that Borrower prepays any portion of the principal outstanding under the Facility No. 2 term loan, or terminates Facility No. 1 or Facility No. 3 prior to the date when due or their termination dates (other than as a result of mandatory prepayments of Facility No. 2 and Facility No. 3 made in accordance with Section 3.6 or voluntarily prepayments made out of Borrower's operating cash flow), then Borrower will concurrently pay to Bank an early termination fee in an amount equal to (i) until the first anniversary of the Closing Date, 0.75% of the amount of the Facilities so repaid or terminated, and (ii) thereafter through the second anniversary of the Closing Date, 0.50% of the Facilities so repaid or terminated. The Bank hereby confirms that no "Early Termination Fee" is payable under the Existing 21 Loan Agreement by reason of the execution of this Agreement and the other transactions contemplated to occur on the Closing Date. 6.2 EXPENSES. Borrower agrees to immediately repay Bank for expenses that include, but are not limited to, filing, recording and search fees, appraisal fees, title report fees, documentation fees, environmental review and audit expenses. 6.3 REIMBURSEMENT COSTS. (a) Borrower agrees to reimburse Bank for any expenses it incurs in the preparation, closing and enforcement of this Agreement and any agreement or instrument required by this Agreement, and by reason of the due diligence conducted by Bank and its agents and experts in connection herewith or therewith, and any proposed amendment or waiver of the terms hereof or thereof. Expenses include, but are not limited to, reasonable attorneys' fees, including any allocated costs of Bank's in-house counsel and Bank's domestic and English external counsel. (b) Borrower agrees to reimburse Bank for the cost of periodic audits and appraisals of the property collateral securing this Agreement, at such intervals as Bank may reasonably require. These audits and appraisals may be performed by employees of Bank or by independent appraisers. 7. COLLATERAL 7.1 PERSONAL PROPERTY. Borrower's obligations to Bank under this Agreement will be secured by all personal property Borrower now owns or will own in the future. The collateral is further defined in Borrower Security Agreement. All personal property collateral securing any other present or future obligations of Borrower to Bank shall also secure this Agreement. 7.2 GUARANTEES; PERSONAL PROPERTY SUPPORTING GUARANTEES. The obligations of Borrower under this Agreement and the Loan Documents are guaranteed by HP UK pursuant to the HP UK Guaranty, which provides for fixed and floating charges upon substantially all of the assets of HP UK. HP UK has entered into the UK Lockbox Agreement to secure its obligations under the UK Guaranty. Pursuant to the Pledge Agreement, Borrower has pledged 100% of the capital stock of HP UK and the Intercompany Note to the Bank to secure its obligations under this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. Borrower has also executed the Borrower Security Agreement to secure its obligations hereunder and under the other Loan Documents. 22 7.3 FUTURE SUBSIDIARIES AND COLLATERAL. In the event that Borrower hereafter forms or acquires any new Subsidiaries, or Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries hereafter moves any collateral for the obligations under the Loan Documents or acquires any new property or assets which are not subject to the lien of the Loan Documents, then Borrower shall, and shall cause each such Subsidiary, concurrently with the occurrence of any such event: (a) to deliver to the Bank a guaranty of the obligations of Borrower under this Agreement executed by any such new Subsidiary, together with 100% of the capital stock of such Subsidiary in pledge to secure the obligations under this Agreement; (b) deliver to the Bank such security agreements, mortgages, debentures, financing statements or other similar collateral assignments as the Bank may reasonably request to grant to the Bank a first priority perfected lien in such property; and (c) any and all landlord consents, opinions, certificates and other assurances as the Bank may request. 7.4 SUBORDINATION. The obligations of Borrower to Bastian and Unique shall be subordinate and junior in right of payment to the obligations of Borrower to Bank, in the manner and to the extent set forth in the Subordination Agreement. 8. DISBURSEMENTS, PAYMENTS AND COSTS 8.1 REQUESTS FOR CREDIT. Each request for an extension of credit will be made in writing in a manner acceptable to Bank, or by another means acceptable to Bank. By requesting any extension of credit under this Agreement, Borrower shall be deemed to have reaffirmed that each representation and warranty set forth in this Agreement and the other Loan Documents (other than those which expressly relate only to a specific date) is true and correct as of the date of the making of the requested loan or the issuance of the requested Letter of Credit, and that no Default or Event of Default exists, in each case after giving effect to the making or issuance thereof. If requested by Bank, Borrower will provide written assurances to Bank of the accuracy of each such representation and warranty prior to the making of any requested Loan or the issuance of any requested Letter of Credit. 8.2 DISBURSEMENTS AND PAYMENTS. Each disbursement by Bank and each payment by Borrower will be: 23 (a) made through Bank's South Orange County Regional Commercial Banking Office in Costa Mesa, California or other branch location selected by Bank from time to time; (b) made for the account of Bank's branch selected by Bank from time to time; (c) evidenced by records kept by Bank. In addition, Bank may, at its discretion, require Borrower to sign one or more promissory notes. 8.3 TELEPHONE AND TELEFAX AUTHORIZATION (a) Bank may honor telephone or telefax instructions for advances or repayments or for the designation of optional interest rates or the issuance of Letters of Credit given by any one of the individual signers of this Agreement or a person or persons authorized by any one of the individuals signing this Agreement on behalf of Borrower. (b) Advances will be deposited in and repayments will be withdrawn from Borrower's account number 1458126057, or such other accounts of Borrower with Bank as designated in writing by Borrower. (c) Borrower will provide written confirmation to Bank of any telephone or telefax instructions within one business day. If there is a discrepancy and Bank has already acted on the instructions, the telephone or telefax instructions will prevail over the written confirmation. (d) Borrower indemnifies and excuses Bank (including its officers, employees, and agents) from all liability, loss, and costs in connection with any act resulting from telephone or telefax instructions it reasonably believes are made by any individual authorized by Borrower to give such instructions. This indemnity and excuse will survive the termination of this Agreement. 8.4 DIRECT DEBIT (a) Borrower agrees that interest and principal payments and fees will be deducted automatically on the due date from Borrower's account number 1458126057, or such other of Borrower's accounts with Bank as designated in writing by Borrower. 24 (b) Bank will debit the account on the dates the payments become due. If a due date does not fall on a banking day, Bank will debit the account on the first banking day following the due date. (c) Borrower will maintain sufficient funds in the account on the dates Bank enters debits authorized by this Agreement. If there are insufficient funds in the account on the date Bank enters any debit authorized by this Agreement, the debit will be reversed. 8.5 DIRECT DEBIT (LINE OF CREDIT) (a) Borrower agrees that Bank may create advances under the line of credit to pay interest, principal payments, and any fees that are due under this Agreement. (b) Bank will create any such advances on the dates the payments become due. If a due date does not fall on a banking day, Bank will create the advance on the first banking day following the due date. (c) If the creation of an advance under the line of credit causes the total amount of credit outstanding under the line to exceed the limitations set forth in this Agreement, Borrower will immediately pay the excess to Bank upon Bank's demand. 8.6 BANKING DAYS. Unless otherwise provided in this Agreement, a banking day is a day other than a Saturday or a Sunday on which Bank is open for business in California. For amounts bearing interest at the Offshore Rate described in Section 5, a banking day is a day other than a Saturday or a Sunday on which Bank is open for business in California and dealing in offshore dollars. All payments and disbursements which would be due on a day which is not a banking day will be due on the next banking day. All payments received on a day which is not a banking day will be applied to the credit on the next banking day. 8.7 TAXES. If any payments to Bank under this Agreement are made from outside the United States, Borrower will not deduct any foreign taxes from any payments it makes to Bank. If any such taxes are imposed on any payments made by Borrower (including payments under this Section), Borrower will pay the taxes and will also pay to Bank, at the time interest is paid, any additional amount which Bank specifies as necessary to preserve the after-tax yield Bank would have received if such taxes had not been imposed. Borrower will confirm that it has paid the taxes by giving Bank official tax receipts (or notarized copies) within 30 days after the due date. 25 8.8 ADDITIONAL COSTS. Borrower will pay Bank, on demand, for Bank's costs or losses arising from any statute or regulation, or any request or requirement of a regulatory agency which is applicable to all national banks or a class of all national banks. The costs and losses will be allocated to the loan in a manner determined by Bank, using any reasonable method. The costs include the following: (a) any reserve or deposit requirements; and (b) any capital requirements relating to Bank's assets and commitments for credit. 8.9 INTEREST CALCULATION. All interest and fees under this Agreement will be computed on the basis of a 360-day year and the actual number of days elapsed. This results in more interest or a higher fee than if a 365-day year is used. 8.10 DEFAULT RATE. Upon the occurrence and during the continuation of any Default or Event of Default under this Agreement, advances under this Agreement will at the sole option of Bank bear interest at a rate (the "DEFAULT RATE") which is 3.0 percentage points per annum higher than the rate of interest otherwise provided under this Agreement. The Default Rate shall apply not only to principal but to payments of interest and fees which are not paid when due. This may result in a compounding of interest. The imposition of the Default Rate by Bank will not constitute a waiver of any default. 8.11 OVERDRAFTS. At Bank's sole option in each instance, Bank may do one of the following: (a) Bank may make advances under this Agreement to prevent or cover an overdraft on any account of Borrower or HP UK with Bank. Each such advance will accrue interest from the date of the advance or the date on which the account is overdrawn, whichever occurs first, at the interest rate described in this Agreement. (b) Bank may reduce the amount of credit otherwise available under this Agreement by the amount of any overdraft on any account of Borrower or HP UK with Bank. This Section shall not be deemed to authorize Borrower or HP UK to create overdrafts on any of their accounts with Bank. 8.12 COLLECTIONS ON ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE. Prior to the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, all proceeds of collections of Borrower's accounts receivable 26 received in the Lockboxes shall be collected by Bank and deposited into a the relevant Lockbox Account, and all proceeds of collections of HP UK's accounts receivable shall be deposited directly into the relevant Lockbox Account. Prior to the occurrence of any Default or Event of Default, Bank shall remit any funds collected in the Lockbox Account to Borrower's or HP UK's checking account or other deposit accounts maintained by Borrower or HP UK in accordance with the terms of the Lockbox Agreement. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of any Default or Event of Default, collections in the Lockbox Account shall be credited to interest, principal, and other sums owed to Bank under this Agreement in the order and proportion determined by Bank in its sole discretion. All such credits will be conditioned upon collection and any returned items may, at Bank's option, be charged to Borrower and HP UK. 9. CONDITIONS Bank must receive the following items, in form and substance acceptable to Bank, before it is required to make the initial loans or issue the initial Letters of Credit under this Agreement: 9.1 AUTHORIZATIONS. Evidence that the execution, delivery and performance by Borrower and HP UK of this Agreement and any instrument or agreement required under this Agreement have been duly authorized. 9.2 INCUMBENCY CERTIFICATES; GOVERNING DOCUMENTS. Incumbency certificates for Borrower and HP UK, together with true, correct and complete copy of Borrower's and HP UK's articles of incorporation and bylaws or other organizational papers, certificates of good standing with respect to Borrower issued by the California Secretary of State's office and the California Franchise Tax Board, and evidence of the due formation and existence of HP UK acceptable to the Bank. 9.3 SECURITY AGREEMENTS, ETC. The Borrower Security Agreement, the Pledge Agreement, the Lockbox Agreements, the Intercompany Debenture and the Borrower Debenture, each duly executed by Borrower or HP UK, as required, together with the collateral pledged thereunder and such other assignments, instruments, financing statements and fixture filings as Bank requires. 9.4 EVIDENCE OF PRIORITY. Evidence that all security interests and liens to be established in favor of Bank pursuant hereto are valid, enforceable, and prior to all others' rights and interests (other than the purchase money liens disclosed on the UCC search provided to Bank), except those to which Bank explicitly consents in writing. 27 9.5 CONSENT TO REMOVAL. A Landlord's Consent from the owner of each parcel of real property leased by Borrower or HP UK. 9.6 INSURANCE. Evidence of insurance coverage, as required in Section 11.24 of this Agreement. 9.7 BUSINESS INTERRUPTION INSURANCE. Evidence of a business interruption insurance policy for at least $4,000,000 with an insurer acceptable to Bank, and with Bank named as an additional loss payee. 9.8 GUARANTY. The HP UK Guaranty. 9.9 SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT. The Subordination Agreement shall have been executed by all parties thereto. 9.10 INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING. Evidence acceptable to Bank of the completion of the Initial Public Offering and the receipt by Borrower of Net Proceeds thereof in an amount which is not less than $17,500,000. 9.11 ACQUISITION. A certificate executed by a senior officer of Borrower certifying that the attached copies of the Acquisition Agreement, the Landing Gear Overhaul Services Agreement with British Airways, and the British Airways Environmental Indemnity are true, correct and complete, together with evidence that the Acquisition is in a position to concurrently close in accordance with the Acquisition Agreement and all applicable laws and in a manner acceptable to Bank. 9.12 LEGAL OPINIONS. Written opinions from legal counsel for Borrower and HP UK, covering such matters as Bank may require, including the organization, authority and good standing of Borrower and HP UK, the due execution and delivery of all Loan Documents, the valid, binding and enforceable nature of the Loan Documents against Borrower and HP UK, and the possession by Borrower and HP UK of all necessary certificates, permits and licenses which are required to conduct its business as presently conducted, including a valid certificate from the Civil Aviation Authority. 9.13 APPRAISAL. An appraisal (by an appraiser acceptable to Bank, and in form and scope acceptable to Bank) of the fixed assets of the UK Business with results satisfactory to Bank and in any event providing for an orderly liquidation value (after liquidation costs) of rotable gear sets and eligible machinery and equipment of not less than $12,000,000. 28 9.14 PAYMENT OF FEES. Payment of all accrued and unpaid expenses incurred by Bank as required by Sections 6.2 and 6.3. 9.15 MATERIAL CONTRACTS. A Certificate of a senior officer of Borrower certifying that there have been no material amendments to Borrower's contracts with Federal Express, Inc., BTR Dunlop, Inc. and its affiliates and the Coast Guard Contract since November 27, 1996, and that the attached copy of Borrower's long term supply contract with American Airlines is true and correct. 9.16 CONSENTS. Executed consents and agreements in form and substance acceptable to Bank from (a) each party whose agreement or consent to the Acquisition or any other transaction contemplated hereby is required by any material agreement to which Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries is a party, (b) each party to any material contract allowing termination upon any change in control of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, and (c) which are otherwise deemed necessary by Bank. 9.17 CERTAIN FINANCIAL INFORMATION. (a) A certificate of an officer of Borrower setting forth all revisions (if any) that have been made to the five year annual financial projections for Borrower previously delivered to Bank. (b) Pro forma pre-closing and post-closing balance sheets reflecting all adjustments necessary or desirable to reflect the effects of the Acquisition. (c) A final sources and uses statement with respect to the Acquisition. (d) the British Airways services schedule and agreement for 1998. 9.18 YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE. Borrower shall have completed a Year 2000 questionnaire and a comprehensive action plan acceptable to Bank for dealing with computer related problems associated with the year 2000. 9.19 BORROWING BASE. Borrower shall have delivered the initial Borrowing Base Certificate hereunder as of December 31, 1997. 9.20 MIS PLAN. Borrower shall have developed and delivered to Bank an acceptable plan in relation to the management information systems for HP UK. 29 9.21 TAX LETTER. Borrower shall have delivered a copy of a letter addressed to Borrower by Ernst & Young LLP as to the availability and limitations of certain net operating loss carry-forwards in existence prior to the Initial Public Offering as deductions for inclusion in Borrower's federal and state income tax returns, and such report shall be acceptable to Bank. 9.22 ENVIRONMENTAL PERMITS. Copies of documents establishing, to the satisfaction of the Bank, that all environmental permits necessary for HP UK to operate the business acquired pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement at its present Heathrow Airport location have been obtained, including without limitation extensions of the following permits: Environmental Agency Authorization (Cadmium Plating Process) No. A00130 Local Authority Authorization (Painting Process) EPA B3\26 Approval (Thames Water Utilities Consent) HS119A 9.23 CIVIL AIR PERMIT. Evidence acceptable to to the Bank that HP UK has received all necessary permits from the United Kingdom's Civil Aviation Authority. 9.24 OTHER ITEMS. Any other items that Bank reasonably requires. 10. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES When Borrower signs this Agreement, and until Bank is repaid in full, Borrower makes the following representations and warranties as to itself and its Subsidiaries. Each request for an extension of credit hereunder constitutes a renewed representation and warranty to Bank: 10.1 ORGANIZATION OF BORROWER AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES. Borrower and each of its Subsidiaries are corporations duly formed, existing and in good standing under the laws of their respective jurisdictions of formation. Schedule 1 hereto correctly details the ownership of Borrower as of the Closing Date (separately listing each of the persons owning interests in Borrower prior to the consummation of the Initial Public Offering). The form of organization, number of shares of capital stock issued and outstanding, and ownership of each Subsidiary of Borrower are properly described on Schedule 1. 10.2 AUTHORIZATION. This Agreement, the Loan Documents and any instrument or agreement required hereunder or thereunder, are within Borrower's and it Subsidiaries respective powers, have been duly authorized, and do not conflict with any of their respective organizational papers. 10.3 ENFORCEABLE AGREEMENT. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents are the legal, valid and binding agreements of Borrower and each other party thereto, enforceable against Borrower and each such other party in accordance with their respective terms, and any 30 instrument or agreement required hereunder, when executed and delivered, will be similarly legal, valid, binding and enforceable. 10.4 GOOD STANDING. In each state in which Borrower and its Subsidiaries do business, they are properly licensed, in good standing, and, where required, in compliance with fictitious name statutes. HP UK is properly licensed and in good standing under the laws of England. 10.5 NO CONFLICTS. This Agreement and the other Loan Documents do not conflict with any law, agreement, or obligation by which Borrower, its Subsidiaries or any of their affiliates are bound. 10.6 FINANCIAL INFORMATION. All financial and other information that has been or will be supplied to Bank, including pursuant to Section 9 of this Agreement, is: (a) sufficiently complete to give Bank accurate knowledge of Borrower's and its Subsidiaries financial condition. (b) in compliance with all government regulations that apply. Since the date of the financial statements of Borrower delivered pursuant hereto for the period ending November 30, 1997, there has been no material adverse change in the assets, consolidated financial condition, business or prospects of Borrower and its Subsidiaries. Each of the projections delivered by Borrower to Bank are, to the best knowledge of Borrower, based upon assumptions which are reasonable and internally consistent, and are consistent with all facts known to Borrower (subject to the uncertainties inherent in all projections). 10.7 LAWSUITS. There is no lawsuit, tax claim or other dispute pending or threatened against Borrower or its Subsidiaries which, if adversely decided, would impair Borrower's consolidated financial condition or ability to repay the obligations hereunder. 10.8 COLLATERAL. All collateral required in this Agreement is owned (or is being concurrently acquired) by the grantor of the security interest free of any title defects or any liens or interests of others, except those which have been explicitly approved by Bank in writing. 10.9 PERMITS, FRANCHISES. Borrower and its Subsidiaries possess all permits, memberships, franchises, contracts and licenses required and all trademark rights, trade name rights, patent rights and fictitious name rights necessary to enable them to conduct the business in which they are now engaged. 31 10.10 OTHER OBLIGATIONS. Borrower and its Subsidiaries are not in default on any obligation for borrowed money, any purchase money obligation or any other material lease, commitment, contract, instrument or obligation. 10.11 INCOME TAX RETURNS. Borrower has no knowledge of any pending assessments or adjustments of the income tax payable by Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to any year. 10.12 NO EVENT OF DEFAULT. There is no event which is, or with notice or lapse of time or both would be, a Default or Event of Default under this Agreement or any of the other Loan Documents. 10.13 MERCHANTABLE INVENTORY. All inventory which is included in the Borrowing Base is of good and merchantable quality and free from material defects. 10.14 ERISA PLANS. (a) Borrower and each of its ERISA Affiliates have fulfilled their obligations, if any, under the minimum funding standards of ERISA and the Code with respect to each Plan and is in compliance in all material respects with the presently applicable provisions of ERISA and the Code, and has not incurred any liability with respect to any Plan under Title IV of ERISA. (b) No reportable event has occurred under Section 4043(b) of ERISA for which the PBGC requires 30 day notice. (c) No action by Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates to terminate or withdraw from any Plan has been taken and no notice of intent to terminate a Plan has been filed under Section 4041 of ERISA. (d) No proceeding has been commenced with respect to a Plan under Section 4042 of ERISA, and no event has occurred or condition exists which might constitute grounds for the commencement of such a proceeding. (e) The following terms have the meanings indicated for purposes of this Agreement: (i) "CODE" means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time. 32 (ii) "ERISA" means the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended from time to time. (iii) "ERISA AFFILIATE" means, with respect to any person, any other person (or any trade or business, whether or not incorporated) that is under common control with that person within the meaning of Section 414 of the Code. (iv) "PBGC" means the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation established pursuant to Subtitle A of Title IV of ERISA. (v) "PLAN" means any employee pension benefit plan maintained or contributed to by any Borrower and insured by the Pension Benefit Guaranty Corporation under Title IV of ERISA. 10.15 LOCATION OF BORROWER AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES. Borrower's only place of business (other than its location in the Netherlands) and chief executive office is located at the address listed under Borrower's signature on this Agreement. HP UK's sole business location and the location of its chief executive offices is located at Number 1 London Road, Southampton S015 2AE England or at another location disclosed in writing to the Bank as such. 10.16 CERTAIN COLLATERAL. (a) Each deposit account maintained by Borrower and its Subsidiaries as of the Closing Date is described on Schedule 1 hereto. Borrower has notified Bank in writing of each deposit account opening by Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries following the Closing Date. (b) Borrower and its Subsidiaries do not own any patents, trademarks or other intellectual property which is not described on Schedule 1 hereto. (c) Each Shipset which Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries has received in exchange from one of its customers is Borrower's or such Subsidiary's sole property, free and clear of all liens and rights of others, including without limitation any and all liens and other rights of lenders to customers of Borrower and its Subsidiaries which whom such Shipsets have been exchanged. 33 (d) Each of the assets described in the appraisal of the UK Business delivered to Bank shall be purchased pursuant to the Acquisition Agreement and, as of the Closing Date, has not suffered any material deterioration in value since the date of such appraisal. 10.17 THE ACQUISITION. The Acquisition has been consummated concurrently with the Closing Date in accordance with the Acquisition Agreement and all applicable laws. 10.18 ENVIRONMENTAL. Borrower, its Subsidiaries and their operations are in material compliance with all Environmental Laws. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have no knowledge of any Environmental Claims that, either individually or in the aggregate, could reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect upon their condition or their ability to repay the obligations evidenced by this Agreement and the other Loan Documents. 10.19 GOVERNMENTAL REGULATION. Neither Borrower nor any person controlling Borrower is an "Investment Company" within the meaning of the Investment Company Act of 1940. Borrower is not subject to regulation under the Public Utility Holding Company Act of 1935, the Federal Power Act, the Interstate Commerce Act, any state public utilities code, or any other Federal or state statute or regulation limiting its ability to incur indebtedness. 10.20 COPYRIGHTS, PATENTS, TRADEMARKS AND LICENSES, ETC. Borrower and its Subsidiaries own or are licensed or otherwise have the right to use all of the patents, trademarks, service marks, trade names, copyrights, contractual franchises, authorizations and other rights that are reasonably necessary for the operation of their business, without conflict with the rights of any other person. 10.21 CONTRACTS. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have not entered into any material contracts during the three month period immediately preceding the Closing Date which have not been disclosed to Bank in writing. 10.22 YEAR 2000 COMPLIANCE. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have implemented a comprehensive program to address the "year 2000 problem" (that is, the risk that computer applications may not be able to properly perform date-sensitive functions after December 31, 1999) and expect to resolve on a timely basis any material year 2000 problem. Borrower and its Subsidiaries have also made inquiry of each supplier, vendor and customer of Borrower and its Subsidiaries that is of material importance to the financial well-being of Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to the "year 2000 problem". On the basis of that inquiry, Borrower believes that each such supplier, vendor and customer will resolve any material year 2000 problem on a timely basis. 34 10.23 LANDLORD CONSENTS. The landlord consents delivered to Bank with respect to Borrower's premises in Sun Valley, California, have been delivered from each lessor of the real property comprising that facility. 11. COVENANTS Borrower agrees, so long as credit is available under this Agreement and until Bank is repaid in full, unless Bank otherwise agrees in writing, Borrower shall, and shall cause each of its Subsidiaries: 11.1 USE OF PROCEEDS. To use the proceeds of the credit provided hereunder (a) on the Closing Date to (i) refinance the obligations under the Existing Loan Agreement (including a repayment of the Facility No. 1 thereunder in an amount which is not less than $2,000,000), (ii) to repay a $1,500,000 portion of the Subordinated Note (leaving a principal balance of not less than $5,000,000), (iii) to repay in full the AMR Shipset Payable, and (iv) to partially finance the Acquisition (by means of the loan to HP UK evidenced by the Intercompany Note) and (b) thereafter for the working capital needs of Borrower and HP UK, for Letters of Credit, and, in the case of the Capital Expenditure Loans, only for the purposes approved in connection with each such loan. 11.2 USE OF PROCEEDS: INELIGIBLE SECURITIES. Not to use, directly or indirectly, any portion of the proceeds of the credit (including any Letters of Credit) for any of the following purposes: (a) knowingly to purchase Ineligible Securities from BA Securities, Inc. (the "ARRANGER") during any period in which the Arranger makes a market in such Ineligible Securities; or (b) knowingly to purchase during the underwriting or placement period Ineligible Securities being underwritten or privately placed by the Arranger; or (c) to make payments of principal, interest or dividends on Ineligible Securities underwritten or privately placed by the Arranger and issued by or for the benefit of any Borrower or any affiliate of any Borrower. 11.3 FINANCIAL AND OTHER INFORMATION. To provide the following financial information and statements and other information: (a) Within 90 days following the end of each fiscal year of Borrower, Borrower's consolidated annual financial statements. These financial statements must be 35 audited (with an unqualified opinion) by Ernst & Young, LLP or another nationally recognized firm of independent public accountants reasonably acceptable to Bank and must be accompanied by a management letter prepared by such auditors. (b) Within 30 days following the end of each calendar month (including the last calendar month in each fiscal year), Borrower's monthly consolidated and consolidating financial statements showing results for that month and for a year to date basis, PROVIDED THAT if no Default or Event of Default has then occurred, following the delivery of Borrower's audited financial statements for the fiscal year ending December 31, 1998, Borrower shall instead, within 45 days following the end of each fiscal quarter (including the last fiscal quarter in each fiscal year) deliver its quarterly consolidated and consolidating financial statements showing results for that fiscal quarter and on a year to date basis. In either case, these financial statements may be Borrower prepared, and shall include a comparison to plan and prior year on a monthly and year to date basis. (c) If requested by Bank, copies of Borrower's federal income tax return, promptly and in any event within 15 days of filing, and copies of any extensions of the filing date. (d) Within the period provided for in clause (a) (in relation to Borrower's audited statements and giving effect to any adjustments from the unaudited statements made therein) and promptly and in any event within 45 days following the last day of each fiscal quarter (in relation to the unaudited statements and including the last fiscal quarter in each fiscal year) a compliance certificate signed by an authorized financial officer of Borrower setting forth information and computations (in sufficient detail) to establish (x) that Borrower is in compliance with all financial covenants at the end of the period covered by the financial statements then being furnished, and (y) whether there existed as of the date of such financial statements and whether there exists as of the date of the certificate, any Default or Event of Default under this Agreement and, (iii) if any such Default or Event of Default exists, specifying the nature thereof and the action Borrower is taking and propose to take with respect thereto. (e) A borrowing base certificate ("Borrowing Base Certificate") setting forth the respective amounts of Acceptable Receivables and Acceptable Inventory and a calculation of the Borrowing Base as of the last day of each month within 20 days after month end and, if requested by Bank copies of the invoices or the record of invoices from each Borrower's and HP UK's sales journal for such Acceptable Receivables, copies of the delivery receipts, purchase orders, shipping instructions, bills of lading and other documentation pertaining to such Acceptable Receivables. 36 (f) (Statements showing an aging and reconciliation of Borrower's and HP UK's receivables within 20 days after the end of each month. (g) A statement showing an aging of accounts payable within 20 days after the end of each month. (h) If Bank requires Borrower and its Subsidiaries to deliver the proceeds of accounts receivable to Bank upon collection by Borrower and its Subsidiaries, a schedule of the amounts so collected and delivered to Bank. (i) An inventory summary report and listing within 20 days after the end of each month, including a description of the inventory, its location and cost, and such other information and collateral reports as Bank may require. (j) A listing of the names and addresses, telephone numbers and principal contacts of all debtors obligated upon Borrower's and its Subsidiaries accounts receivable semi-annually within 20 days following the last day of the second and fourth fiscal quarters in each of Borrower's fiscal years. (k) 30 days prior to each fiscal year end, updated annual financial projections for Borrower and its Subsidiaries through December 31, 2004, and quarterly financial projections through the subsequent fiscal year. (l) Within 90 days following the Closing Date, an audited opening consolidated balance sheet of Borrower prepared by Ernst & Young LLP. (m) Promptly upon Bank's request, such other statements, lists of property and accounts, budgets, forecasts or reports as to Borrower as Bank may reasonably request. (n) Annually and in any event not later than January 1 of each year, commencing with January 1, 1998, an environmental compliance audit prepared by consultants acceptable to Bank, which audit shall (i) be prepared at the sole cost and expense of Borrower and (ii) detail areas of environmental non-compliance, types of environmental permits and licenses required and held by Borrower, and upgrades to programs, permits and licenses required or to be considered by Borrower due to changes in environmental regulations. The environmental compliance audit shall identify, to a degree of certainty "more likely than not" any conditions or operations that meet the foregoing criteria. 37 (q) Promptly and in any event within 5 days following the filing thereof, copies of Borrower's reports on Form 10-K and Form 10-Q and all other material reports filed by Borrower with the Securities and Exchange Commission. (r) On a monthly basis until HPUK has vacated the Heathrow Airport location leased from British Airways, not later than the 5th day of each calendar month, (i) a copy of a receipt issued by British Airways for rent paid with respect to that location for that calendar month and (ii) a narrative description of the progress of Borrower's and HP UK's efforts to relocate the operations of HP UK from Heathrow Airport, and an update of the timetable for that relocation. (s) Promptly upon Bank's request, such other information as Bank may reasonably request. 11.4 SENIOR FUNDED DEBT TO ADJUSTED EBITDA. As of the last day of each Fiscal Quarter described below, to maintain a ratio of (a) Senior Funded Debt as of the last day of such Fiscal Quarter to (b) Adjusted EBITDA, which is not greater than the ratio set forth opposite the period in which such Fiscal Quarter ends: FISCAL QUARTERS ENDED MAXIMUM RATIO --------------------- ------------- March 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998 3.85:1.00 September 30, 1998 3.50:1.00 December 31, 1998 through September 30, 1999 3.25:1.00 December 31, 1999 through September 30, 2000 3.00:1.00 December 31, 2000 through September 30, 2001 2.75:1.00 Thereafter 2.50:1.00. 11.5 FIXED CHARGE COVERAGE RATIO. To maintain, as of the last day of each Fiscal Quarter set forth below, a ratio of (a) Cash Flow to (b) Fixed Charges which is not less 38 than the ratio set forth opposite the period in which such Fiscal Quarter ends, calculated quarterly on a fiscal year to date basis through December 31, 1998 and on a rolling four quarter basis thereafter. PERIOD MINIMUM RATIO ------ ------------- March 31, 1998 and June 30, 1998 1.20:1.00 September 30, 1998 and December 31, 1998 1.40:1.00 Thereafter 1.50:1.00 11.6 PROFITABILITY. To maintain a positive net income before taxes and extraordinary income on a cumulative basis for each period of two consecutive fiscal quarters following the Closing Date. 11.7 OTHER DEBTS. Not to have outstanding or incur any direct or contingent liabilities of any kind or lease obligations or swap or similar hedge agreement obligations (other than to Bank), or become liable for the liabilities of others, without Bank's written consent. This does not prohibit: (a) Acquiring goods, supplies, or merchandise on normal trade credit. (b) Endorsing negotiable instruments received in the usual course of business. (c) Obtaining surety bonds in the usual course of business. (d) Debts and leases in existence on the date of this Agreement disclosed in writing to Bank on Schedule 1. (e) Additional debts and lease obligations for the acquisition of fixed or capital assets in the ordinary course of Borrower's business, in an aggregate amount not to exceed $750,000 at any one time outstanding. (f) the unsecured subordinated debt evidenced by the Subordinated Note on then Closing Date. 39 11.8 OTHER LIENS. Not to create, assume, or allow any security interest, encumbrance or judicial or other lien (each a "LIEN") on property Borrower now or later owns, except: (a) Liens in favor of Bank. (b) Liens for taxes not yet due. (c) Liens outstanding on the date of this Agreement and disclosed in writing to Bank on Schedule 1. (d) Additional purchase money security interests in personal property acquired using indebtedness of the type described in Section 11.7(e). 11.9 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR ROTABLE GEARS. Not to make or commit to make capital expenditures (including any amount expended with respect to capital leases) for the purchase or lease of rotable gears in any fiscal year (net of the amount received from the sale of rotable gears) which are in excess of the amount set forth below opposite that fiscal year: FISCAL YEAR AMOUNT. 1998 3,000,000 1999 and each subsequent fiscal year 3,500,000. 11.10 CAPITAL EXPENDITURES FOR OTHER ASSETS. Not to make or commit to make capital expenditures (including any amount expended with respect to capital leases) for any assets (other than expenditures for the purchase or lease of rotable gears which are permitted by Section 11.9) in any fiscal year which are in excess of the amount set forth below opposite that fiscal year: FISCAL YEAR AMOUNT. 1998 $4,500,000 1999 2,500,000 Each subsequent fiscal year 2,000,000; 40 PROVIDED that in the event that Borrower and its Subsidiaries expend less than the amount allotted above during the 1998 fiscal year, the unexpended amount, not to exceed $2,250,000, may be carried over to the 1999 fiscal year. 11.11 DIVIDENDS AND OTHER PAYMENTS. Not to declare or pay any dividends or other distributions on any of Borrower's shares, or make any loan or investment having the effect of making any such dividend or distribution, and not to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire for value any of Borrower's shares, or create any sinking fund in relation thereto, and not to make other payments to Unique, Bastian or their respective affiliates, including without limitation management fees, except that Borrower may pay Permitted Management Fees when no Default or Event of Default exists or would result therefrom. 11.12 LOANS TO OFFICERS. Not to make any loans, advances or other extensions of credit to Borrower's or its Subsidiaries' executives, officers, or directors or shareholders (or any relatives of any of the foregoing), other than amounts which do not exceed $10,000, in the aggregate, at any time. 11.13 NOTICES TO BANK. To promptly notify Bank in writing of: (a) any lawsuit over $100,000 against Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries. (b) any substantial dispute between Borrower and its Subsidiaries and any government authority. (c) any known failure to comply with this Agreement or the other Loan Documents. (d) any material adverse change in Borrower's and its Subsidiaries financial condition or operations. (e) any change in the name, legal structure, place of business, or chief executive office of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries. (f) any pending or threatened environmental investigation or proceeding not previously disclosed to Bank in writing involving Borrower, its Subsidiaries or any of the real property upon which their operations are located. 11.14 BOOKS AND RECORDS. To maintain adequate books and records. 41 11.15 AUDITS. To allow Bank and its agents to inspect Borrower's and its Subsidiaries properties and examine, audit and make copies of books and records at any reasonable time, provided that if no Default or Event of Default exists, Bank will provide prior verbal or written notice of its intention to exercise its rights under this Section not later than the business day prior to its exercise and, if requested by Borrower, will provide written confirmation of any such verbal notice. If any of Borrower's or its Subsidiaries properties, books or records are in the possession of a third party, Borrower authorizes that third party to permit Bank or its agents to have access to perform inspections or audits and to respond to Bank's requests for information concerning such properties, books and records. Bank has no duty to inspect Borrower's properties or to examine, audit or copy books and records and Bank shall not incur any obligation or liability by reason of not making any such inspection or inquiry. In the event that Bank inspects Borrower's properties or examines, audits or copies books and records, Bank will be acting solely for the purposes of protecting Bank's security and preserving Bank's rights under this Agreement. Neither Borrower nor any other party is entitled to rely on any inspection or other inquiry by Bank. Bank owes no duty of care to protect Borrower or any other party against, or to inform Borrower or any other party of, any adverse condition that may be observed as affecting Borrower's properties or premises, or Borrower's business. Bank may in its discretion disclose to Borrower or any other party any findings made as a result of, or in connection with, any inspection of Borrower's properties. 11.16 COMPLIANCE WITH LAWS. To comply with the laws (including any fictitious name statute), regulations, and orders of any government body with authority over the business of Borrower and its Subsidiaries. 11.17 PRESERVATION OF RIGHTS. To use commercially reasonable efforts to maintain and preserve all rights, privileges, and franchises Borrower and its Subsidiaries now have. 11.18 MAINTENANCE OF PROPERTIES. To make any repairs, renewals, or replacements to the properties of Borrower and its Subsidiaries which are necessary to keep the same in good working condition. 11.19 PERFECTION OF LIENS. To help Bank perfect and protect its security interests and liens, and reimburse it for related costs it incurs to protect its security interests and liens. 11.20 PLACES OF BUSINESS. Not to open additional business locations or store property having a value in excess of $10,000 at any location not disclosed to Bank in writing. 11.21 COOPERATION. To take any action reasonably requested by Bank to carry out the intent of this Agreement. 42 11.22 INSURANCE. (a) INSURANCE COVERING COLLATERAL. To maintain all risk property damage insurance policies covering the tangible property comprising the collateral. Each insurance policy must be for the full replacement cost of the collateral and include a replacement cost endorsement. The insurance must be issued by an insurance company acceptable to Bank and must include a lender's loss payable endorsement in favor of Bank in a form acceptable to Bank. (b) GENERAL BUSINESS INSURANCE. To maintain insurance acceptable to Bank as to amount, nature and carrier covering property damage (including loss of use and occupancy) to any of Borrower's and its Subsidiaries' properties, public liability insurance including coverage for contractual liability, product liability and workers' compensation, and any other insurance which is usual for Borrower's and its Subsidiaries' business. (c) EVIDENCE OF INSURANCE. Upon the request of Bank, to deliver to Bank a copy of each insurance policy, or, if permitted by Bank, a certificate of insurance listing all insurance in force. 11.23 ADDITIONAL NEGATIVE COVENANTS. Not to, without Bank's written consent: (a) engage in any business activities substantially different from Borrower's and its Subsidiaries' present business. (b) liquidate or dissolve Borrower's or any Subsidiary's business or adopt a plan to take any such action. (c) enter into any consolidation, merger, pool, joint venture, syndicate, or other combination. (d) without the prior written consent of Bank (no to be unreasonably withheld or delayed), lease, or dispose of any assets of Borrower or its Subsidiaries which have an aggregate value in excess of $100,000 in any year, other than sales and leases of inventory in the ordinary course of business. (e) acquire or purchase a business or its assets. 43 (f) sell or otherwise dispose of any assets for less than fair market value or enter into any sale and leaseback agreement covering any of Borrower's fixed or capital assets. (g) voluntarily suspend Borrower's business for any period. 11.24 ERISA PLANS. To give prompt written notice to Bank of: (a) The occurrence of any reportable event under Section 4043(b) of ERISA for which the PBGC requires 30 day notice. (b) Any action by Borrower to terminate or withdraw from a Plan or the filing of any notice of intent to terminate under Section 4041 of ERISA. (c) Any notice of noncompliance made with respect to a Plan under Section 4041(b) of ERISA. (d) The commencement of any proceeding with respect to a Plan under Section 4042 of ERISA. 11.25 INSPECTION OF PROPERTY AND BOOKS AND RECORDS. To maintain proper books of record and account, in which full, true and correct entries consistently applied shall be made of all financial transactions and matters involving the assets and business of Borrower and its Subsidiaries. The financial statements of Borrower and its Subsidiaries shall, in addition, be in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. Borrower shall, and shall cause its Subsidiaries to, permit representatives and independent contractors of Bank to visit and inspect any of their properties, to examine their corporate, financial and operating records, and make copies thereof or abstracts therefrom, and to discuss their affairs, finances and accounts with their respective directors, officers, and independent public accountants, all without unreasonably interfering with the normal operations of Borrower and its Subsidiaries, and all at such times during normal business hours and as often as may be reasonably desired, provided that if no Default or Event of Default exists, Bank will provide prior verbal or written notice of its intention to exercise its rights under this Section not later than the business day prior to its exercise and, if requested by Borrower, will provide written confirmation of any such verbal notice. 11.26 ENVIRONMENTAL LAWS. To conduct its operations and keep and maintain its property in compliance with all Environmental Laws. Borrower and its Subsidiaries will maintain all required records and procedures in relation to its environmental compliance programs. 44 11.27 COLLECTION OF ACCOUNTS. To instruct all account debtors with respect to accounts owed to Borrower and HP UK to remit their payments to the appropriate Lockbox or directly to the appropriate Lockbox Account. All amounts remitted to the Lockbox shall be credited to the Lockbox Account after allowing for the number of clearance days specified by the agreements establishing the Lockbox. Borrower shall also: (a) Cause all collections which are received by Borrower and HP UK, whether in cash or otherwise, to be deposited by Borrower and HP UK as and when received in kind (except for any endorsement necessary to vest title to any instrument in Bank) into the appropriate Lockbox Accounts; (b) unless otherwise agreed by Bank, either (i) maintain all of Borrower's and its Subsidiaries' deposit account relationships with Bank, or (ii) cause the granting to Bank of perfected first priority liens in all depositary accounts maintained by Borrower and its Subsidiaries pursuant to documents acceptable to Bank. 11.28 AMENDMENT TO THE ENVIRONMENTAL INDEMNITIES. Not to amend or modify the BTR Environmental Indemnity or the British Airways Environmental Indemnity in any respect without the prior written consent of Bank. 11.29 CAPITALIZATION OF HP UK. Use or permit the use of any funds loaned by Bank to Borrower to be subscribed for shares of capital stock of HP UK or otherwise used in a manner which could result in the HP Guaranty being "financial assistance" within the meaning of the Companies Act under English law, or permit HP UK to issue any preferred stock. 11.30 SWAP ARRANGEMENTS. To enter into contracts for interest rate protection for Borrower with respect to not less than 60% of the projected outstanding principal balance of Facility No. 2 for a period of not less than four years, and with other terms, conditions and counterparties reasonably acceptable to Bank within 30 days following the Closing Date. 11.31 INVESTMENTS IN SUBSIDIARIES. Not to make any investment in HP UK following the Closing Date which is not evidenced by the Intercompany Note, or make any investment in any new Subsidiary unless, concurrently therewith, Borrower causes all of the issued and outstanding capital stock or other equity securities of such Subsidiary to be pledged to the Bank and causes such Subsidiary to issue a guarantee of the obligations under the Loan Documents secured by all of its assets, in each case pursuant to agreements reasonably acceptable to the Bank. 45 11.32 NEW PREMISES. Prior to entering into any lease of any real property, deliver to Bank any landlord consents, estoppels and subordinations as the Bank may reasonably request from the landlords of such premises, and from any other person who, by reason of Borrower's or its Subsidiaries' tenancy, may have claims against the assets of Borrower and its Subsidiaries located on such premises. 12. DEFAULT If any of the following events occur, Bank may declare Borrower in default, stop making any additional credit available to Borrower, require Borrower to repay their entire debt immediately and without prior notice, or any combination of the foregoing. If an event described in Section 12.5, occurs with respect to Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries then the entire debt outstanding under this Agreement will automatically be due immediately. 12.1 FAILURE TO PAY. Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries fails to make a payment under this Agreement or the other Loan Documents when due. 12.2 LIEN PRIORITY. Bank fails to have an enforceable first lien (except for any prior liens to which Bank has consented in writing) on or security interest in any property given as security for this Agreement or any of the Loan Documents. 12.3 LOAN DOCUMENTS. Any party to any Loan Document seeks to terminate, revoke or rescind its liability thereunder, or asserts in writing that its liability is terminated, revoked or rescinded, or any Loan Document ceases to be in full force and effect (except in accordance with its express terms) or is declared by a court of competent jurisdiction to be null and void, invalid or unenforceable in any respect. 12.4 FALSE INFORMATION. Borrower, any of its Subsidiaries or Unique has furnished to Bank false, materially incorrect or misleading information or representations, including any information which omits any fact which is required to make the information not materially misleading. 12.5 BANKRUPTCY. Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries files a bankruptcy petition, a bankruptcy petition is filed against Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, any Subsidiary of Borrower takes any corporate action or other stpes are taken or legal or other proceedings are started for its winding up, dissolution or reorganization, or for the appointment of a receiver, administrator, administrative receiver, trustee or similar officer for its or any portion of its assets, or Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries makes a general assignment for the benefit of creditors. An Event of Default under this Section 12.5 will be deemed cured if any such bankruptcy petition filed is dismissed within a period of 60 days after 46 the filing; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Bank will not be obligated to extend any additional credit to Borrower during that period. 12.6 RECEIVERS. A receiver or similar official is appointed for Borrower's or any of its Subsidiaries business, or the business is terminated. 12.7 JUDGMENTS. Any judgments or arbitration awards are entered against Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries enters into any settlement agreements with respect to any litigation or arbitration, which are either (i) in an aggregate amount of $500,000 or more in excess of any insurance coverage, or (ii) absent procurement of a stay of execution, such judgments or arbitration awards remain unsatisfied for thirty calendar days after the date of the entry thereof, or in any event later than five days prior to the date of any proposed sale thereunder. 12.8 GOVERNMENT ACTION. Any government authority takes action that Bank believes materially adversely affects Borrower's and its Subsidiaries consolidated financial condition or ability to repay the obligations under this Agreement. 12.9 MATERIAL ADVERSE CHANGE. There occurs any material adverse change occurs in the consolidated financial condition, properties or prospects of Borrower and its Subsidiaries, or their ability to repay their respective obligations. Borrower acknowledges that termination of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries contracts or relationships with any Major Customer may be considered to be such material adverse effect depending on the factual context then in existence. 12.10 CROSS-DEFAULT. Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries (a) fails to make any payment in respect of any indebtedness, capital lease or contingent obligation when due (whether by scheduled maturity, required prepayment, acceleration, demand, or otherwise); or (b) fails to perform or observe any other condition or covenant, or any other event shall occur or condition exist, under any agreement or instrument relating to any indebtedness, capital lease or contingent obligation, in each case if the effect of such failure, event or condition is to cause, or to permit the holder or holders of any indebtedness, capital lease or contingent obligation (or a trustee or agent on behalf of such holder or holders) to cause indebtedness or capital leases in an amount which exceeds $250,000 to be declared to be due and payable prior to their stated maturity, or any such contingent obligation to become payable or cash collateral in respect thereof in an amount in excess of $250,000 to be demanded. 12.11 OTHER BANK AGREEMENTS. Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries fails to meet the conditions of, or fails to perform any obligation under any other agreement it has with Bank or any affiliate of Bank in any material respect. 47 12.12 ERISA PLANS. The occurrence of any one or more of the following events with respect to Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates, provided such event or events could reasonably be expected, in the judgment of Bank, to subject Borrower or any of its ERISA Affiliates to any tax, penalty or liability (or any combination of the foregoing) which, in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of Borrower and its Subsidiaries with respect to a Plan: (a) A reportable event shall occur with respect to a Plan which is, in the reasonable judgment of Bank likely to result in the termination of such Plan for purposes of Title IV of ERISA. (b) Any Plan termination (or commencement of proceedings to terminate a Plan) or Borrower's full or partial withdrawal from a Plan. 12.13 ENVIRONMENTAL INDEMNITY BREACH. British Airways or BTR Dunlop, Inc. fails to honor within 15 days of written request therefor any obligation payable by Borrower which is within the scope of the British Airways Environmental Indemnity or the BTR Environmental Indemnity which requires the immediate payment by Borrower of an amount in excess of $500,000. 12.14 CHANGE IN CONTROL OR MANAGEMENT. Any of the following occurs (a) All or substantially all of the assets of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries are sold, leased or otherwise disposed of (in a single transaction or in a series of related transactions); (b) The persons owning equity interests in Borrower as of the day to the Initial Public Offering as described as "prior shareholders" in Schedule 1, or members of their immediate families or trusts for the benefit of members of their immediate families, fail to own, beneficially and of record, and control the power to vote, 35% of the equity securities of Borrower entitled to ordinary voting power during the three year period following the Closing Date, or 30% thereafter; or (c) Any person or entity or "affiliated group" (other than existing shareholders described on Schedule 1) acquires more than 30% of the equity securities of Borrower entitled to ordinary voting power; (d) Less than a majority of those persons constituting the board of directors of Borrower as of the Closing Date fail to remain as members of the board of directors of Borrower; or 48 (e) David Lokken, Brian Aune, Brian Carr or Michael Riley ceases to be actively involved on a full time basis in their current capacities as executive level employees of Borrower at any time and a replacement acceptable to Bank is not appointed (or another plan for replacement which is acceptable to the Bank is not in place) within 90 days. (f) Richard Adey ceases to be actively involved on a full time basis in his current capacity as managing director of HP UK at any time during the two year period following the Closing Date and a replacement acceptable to Bank is not appointed (or another plan for replacement which is acceptable to the Bank is not in place) within 90 days. 12.15 SUBORDINATION. Bastian, Unique or Borrower asserts in writing that the Subordinated Note (or the "Bastian Note" referred to in the Subordination Agreement") is not subordinated in accordance with the terms of the Subordination Agreement. 12.16 BALANCE SHEET. The audited opening balance sheet prepared by Ernst & Young and delivered pursuant to Section 11.3(m) varies, in any material respect, from the unaudited opening balance sheet submitted to Bank prior to the Closing Date. 12.17 OTHER BREACH UNDER AGREEMENT. Borrower, HP UK, Unique or Bastian fail to meet the conditions of, or fails to perform any obligation under, any term of this Agreement or the other Loan Documents not specifically referred to in this Article. 12.18 LICENCES, CERTIFICATES, PERMITS AND OTHER AUTHORIZATIONS. Borrower and its Subsidiaries cease to hold any license, certificate, permit or other authorization from any governmental or quasi-governmental authority which is necessary for the effective conduct of their business as presently or properly conducted. 13. ENFORCING THIS AGREEMENT; MISCELLANEOUS 13.1 GAAP. Except as otherwise stated in this Agreement, all financial information provided to Bank and all financial covenants will be made under generally accepted accounting principles, consistently applied. 13.2 CALIFORNIA LAW. This Agreement is governed by California law. 13.3 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement is binding on Borrower's and Bank's successors and assignees. Borrower agrees that it may not assign this Agreement without Bank's prior written consent, and that any purported assignment by Borrower without that consent shall be VOID ab initio. BANK MAY SELL PARTICIPATIONS IN OR ASSIGN THIS LOAN, PROVIDED that when no Default or Event of Default exists, Bank will obtain Borrower's prior written consent to 49 any such assignment or participation, not to be unreasonably withheld. In furtherance of its rights under this Section, Bank may exchange financial information about Borrower with actual or potential participants or assignees. If a participation is sold or the loan is assigned, the purchaser will have the right of set-off against Borrower. 13.4 ARBITRATION. (a) This Section concerns the resolution of any controversies or claims between Borrower and any of its Subsidiaries and the Bank, including but not limited to those that arise from: (i) This Agreement (including any renewals, extensions or modifications of this Agreement); (ii) Any document, agreement or procedure related to or delivered in connection with this Agreement; (iii) Any violation of this Agreement; or (iv) Any claims for damages resulting from any business conducted between Borrower, its Subsidiaries and Bank, including claims for injury to persons, property or business interests (torts); PROVIDED that the Bank shall be entitled to resolve any controversies or claims which arise under the HP UK Guaranty, and each other Loan Document which states that it is governed by the laws of England, Wales or the United Kingdom, without reference to arbitration and (in the event that any controversy or claim under the Loan Documents involves both arbitrable claims and claims subject to the laws of England, Wales or the United Kingdom exempt from arbitration as aforesaid), shall be entitled to sever from the arbitrable claims and independently enforce pursuant to such laws the claims subject to the laws of England, Wales and the United Kingdom. (b) At the request of Borrower, any relevant Subsidiary or Bank, any such controversies or claims will be settled by arbitration in accordance with the United States Arbitration Act. The United States Arbitration Act will apply even though this Agreement provides that it is governed by California law. (c) Arbitration proceedings will be administered by the American Arbitration Association and will be subject to its commercial rules of arbitration and will be conducted within Los Angeles County, California. 50 (d) For purposes of the application of the statute of limitations, the filing of an arbitration pursuant to this Section is the equivalent of the filing of a lawsuit, and any claim or controversy which may be arbitrated under this Section is subject to any applicable statute of limitations. The arbitrators will have the authority to decide whether any such claim or controversy is barred by the statute of limitations and, if so, to dismiss the arbitration on that basis. (e) If there is a dispute as to whether an issue is arbitrable, the arbitrators will have the authority to resolve any such dispute. (f) The decision that results from an arbitration proceeding may be submitted to any authorized court of law to be confirmed and enforced. (g) The procedure described above will not apply if the controversy or claim, at the time of the proposed submission to arbitration, arises from or relates to an obligation to Bank secured by real property located in California. In this case, both Borrower and Bank must consent to submission of the claim or controversy to arbitration. If all parties do not consent to arbitration, the controversy or claim will be settled as follows: (i) Borrower and Bank will designate a referee (or a panel of referees) selected under the auspices of the American Arbitration Association in the same manner as arbitrators are selected in Association-sponsored proceedings; (ii) The designated referee (or the panel of referees) will be appointed by a court as provided in California Code of Civil Procedure Section 638 and the following related sections; (iii) The referee (or the presiding referee of the panel) will be an active attorney or a retired judge; and (iv) The award that results from the decision of the referee (or the panel) will be entered as a judgment in the court that appointed the referee, in accordance with the provisions of California Code of Civil Procedure Sections 644 and 645. (h) This provision does not limit the right of Borrower or Bank to: (i) exercise self-help remedies such as setoff; 51 (ii) foreclose against or sell any real or personal property collateral; or (iii) act in a court of law, before, during or after the arbitration proceeding to obtain: (A) an interim remedy; and/or (B) additional or supplementary remedies. (iv) The pursuit of or a successful action for interim, additional or supplementary remedies, or the filing of a court action, does not constitute a waiver of the right of Borrower or Bank, including the suing party, to submit the controversy or claim to arbitration if the other party contests the lawsuit. However, if the controversy or claim arises from or relates to an obligation to Bank which is secured by real property located in California at the time of the proposed submission to arbitration, this right is limited according to the provision above requiring the consent of both Borrower and Bank to seek resolution through arbitration. 13.5 SEVERABILITY; WAIVERS. If any part of this Agreement is not enforceable, the rest of the Agreement may be enforced. Bank retains all rights, even if it makes a loan after Default or Event of Default. If Bank waives a Default or event of Default, it may enforce a later Default or Event of Default. Any consent or waiver under this Agreement must be in writing. 13.6 ADMINISTRATION COSTS. Borrower shall pay Bank for all reasonable costs incurred by Bank in connection with administering this Agreement. 13.7 ATTORNEYS' FEES. Borrower shall reimburse Bank for any reasonable costs and attorneys' fees incurred by Bank in connection with the enforcement or preservation of any rights or remedies under this Agreement and any other documents executed in connection with this Agreement, and including any amendment, waiver, "workout" or restructuring under this Agreement. In the event of a lawsuit or arbitration proceeding, the prevailing party is entitled to recover costs and reasonable attorneys' fees incurred in connection with the lawsuit or arbitration proceeding, as determined by the court or arbitrator. As used in this Section, "attorneys' fees" includes the allocated costs of Bank's in-house counsel. 13.8 ONE AGREEMENT. This Agreement and any security or other agreements referred to in this Agreement, collectively: 52 (a) represent the sum of the understandings and agreements between Bank and Borrower concerning this credit; (b) replace any prior oral or written agreements between Bank and Borrower concerning this credit; and (c) are intended by Bank and Borrower as the final, complete and exclusive statement of the terms agreed to by them. In the event of any conflict between this Agreement and any other agreements required by this Agreement, this Agreement will prevail. This Section shall not be construed to terminate or otherwise affect the Landlord Consents, the Assignment of Monies Due and to Become Due dated December 5, 1996 (regarding Contract DTGC-38-95-D-20018 with the United States Coast Guard), the Authorization and Agreement for Account Management Services dated November 27, 1996 between Borrower and Bank, each Landlord Consent and Agreement, and any other instrument, document or agreement executed by Borrower and AqHawk in connection with the Existing Loan Agreement (each of which shall continue to be in full force and effect and accrue to the benefit of the Bank), PROVIDED that it is expressly agreed and understood that the Limited Guaranty dated as of November 27, 1996 executed by Melanie L. Bastian with respect to the Existing Loan Agreement, and (ii) the Pledge Agreement dated as of November 27, 1996 made by the shareholders in Borrower in favor of the Bank, are each terminated and deemed to be of no further force and effect as of the Closing Date. 13.9 DISPOSITION OF SCHEDULES, REPORTS, ETC. DELIVERED BY BORROWER. Bank will not be obligated to return any schedules, invoices, statements, budgets, forecasts, reports or other papers delivered by Borrower or HP UK. Bank will destroy or otherwise dispose of such materials at such time as Bank, in its discretion, deems appropriate. 13.10 RETURNED MERCHANDISE. Until Bank exercises its rights to collect the accounts receivable as provided under any security agreement required under this Agreement, Borrower and its Subsidiaries may continue its present policies for returned merchandise and adjustments. Credit adjustments with respect to returned merchandise shall be made immediately upon receipt of the merchandise by Borrower or its Subsidiaries or upon such other disposition of the merchandise by the debtor in accordance with Borrower's or its Subsidiaries' instructions. If a credit adjustment is made with respect to any Acceptable Receivable, the amount of such adjustment shall no longer be included in the amount of such Acceptable Receivable in computing the Borrowing Base. 53 13.11 VERIFICATION OF RECEIVABLES. Bank may at any time, either orally or in writing, request confirmation from any debtor of the current amount and status of the accounts receivable upon which such debtor is obligated. 13.12 INDEMNIFICATION. Borrower shall defend and indemnify the Bank and its officers, directors, employees and agents (each, an "Indemnified Person"), against all claims, damages, liabilities and expenses which may be incurred by or asserted against any of them (except by Borrower) in connection with this Agreement, the other Loan Documents and the transactions contemplated herein, in the other Loan Documents and in the Acquisition Agreement, or which are related thereto, and for any reasonable legal or other expenses incurred in connection with investigating, defending or participating in any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action or other proceeding, whether commenced or threatened (including without limitation the allocated cost of in-house attorneys and staff), or in any way relating to the extension of the financing contemplated by this Agreement or from any use or intended use of any of the proceeds thereof except, in the case of any Indemnified Person, to the extent any such loss, claim, damage or liability results from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of such Indemnified Person. Without limitation on the foregoing, Borrower will indemnify and hold harmless Bank and each other Indemnified Person from any loss, or liability directly or indirectly arising out of the use, generation, manufacture, production, storage, release, threatened release, discharge, disposal or presence of any materials which described as "hazardous" or "toxic" under or which are governed by any Environmental Laws, irrespective of whether such materials are on, under or about Borrower's premises. The indemnities under this Section will survive the termination of this Agreement and the repayment of all obligations of Borrower hereunder. 13.13 NOTICES. All notices required under this Agreement shall be personally delivered or sent by first class mail, postage prepaid, to the addresses on the signature page of this Agreement, or to such other addresses as Bank and Borrower may specify from time to time in writing. 13.14 HEADINGS. Article and Section headings are for reference only and shall not affect the interpretation or meaning of any provisions of this Agreement. 54 13.15 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be executed in as many counterparts as necessary or convenient, and by the different parties on separate counterparts each of which, when so executed, shall be deemed an original but all such counterparts shall constitute but one and the same agreement. This Agreement is executed as of the date stated at the top of the first page hereof. BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION California corporation By /s/ [ILLEGIBLE] By /s/ Scott Hartman ------------------------------ --------------------------- Title Vice President Title Chairman --------------------------- ------------------------ By /s/ [ILLEGIBLE] By /s/ Brian Aune ------------------------------ --------------------------- Title Vice President & Manager Title CFO --------------------------- ------------------------ Address where notices to Address where notices to Bank are to be sent: Borrower are to be sent: 675 Anton Boulevard, Second Floor Hawker Pacific Aerospace Costa Mesa, California 92626 11240 Sherman Way Attention: Deborah Miller, Vice President Sun Valley, California 91352 Attention: David Lokken With a copy to: Unique Investment Corporation 1380 Vernon Street Anaheim, California 92805 Attention: Daniel J. Lubeck 55 Schedule 1 to Business Loan Agreement Deposit Accounts BANK ACCOUNT NO. Intellectual Property PATENTS TRADEMARKS COPYRIGHTS PERSONS OWNING INTERESTS IN BORROWER NAME PERCENTAGE OWNERSHIP NO. OF SHARES SUBSIDIARIES Name Number of Shares Form of Organization EXISTING DEBTS, CONTINGENT OBLIGATIONS AND LEASES. EXISTING LIENS. 56 EX-10.28 7 EXH. 10.28 SECURITY AGREEMENT This SECURITY AGREEMENT ("Agreement"), dated as of January 23, 1998, is made by HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation ("Grantor"), in favor of BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION, as the Bank under the Loan Agreement referred to below ("Secured Party"). Terms defined in the Loan Agreement (as hereinafter defined) and not otherwise defined in this Agreement are used herein with the same meanings. RECITALS A. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement of even date herewith by and among Grantor, as Borrower, and Secured Party, as Bank (as such agreement may from time to time be amended, extended, renewed, supplemented or otherwise modified, the "Loan Agreement"), Secured Party has agreed to extend certain credit facilities to Grantor. B. The Loan Agreement provides, as a condition of the availability of such credit facilities on the Closing Date, that Grantor shall enter into this Agreement and shall grant security interests to Secured Party as herein provided. AGREEMENT NOW, THEREFORE, in order to induce Bank to extend the aforementioned credit facilities, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which hereby is acknowledged, Grantor hereby represents, warrants, covenants, agrees, assigns and grants as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS. This Agreement is the Borrower Security Agreement referred to in the Loan Agreement. This Agreement is one of the Loan Documents referred to in the Loan Agreement. Terms defined in the California Uniform Commercial Code and not otherwise defined in this Agreement or in the Loan Agreement shall have the meanings defined for those terms in the California Uniform Commercial Code. As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the meanings respectively set forth after each: "ADVANCE" means any advance made or to be made by Bank to Grantor as provided in ARTICLE 2, and INCLUDES advances made under Facility No. 1, Facility No. -1- 2, any Capital Expenditure Loan made pursuant to Facility No. 3 and all Letters of Credit issued by Bank for the account of Grantor. "AFFILIATE" means, as to any Person, any other Person which indirectly controls, or is under common control with, or is controlled by, such Person. As used in this definition, "control" (and the correlative terms, "controlled by" and "under common control with") shall mean possession, directly or indirectly, of power to direct or cause the direction of management or policies (whether through ownership of securities or partnership or other ownership interests, by contract or otherwise); PROVIDED that, in any event, any Person that owns, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of the securities having ordinary voting power for the election of directors or other governing body of a corporation that has more than 100 record holders of such securities, or 10% or more of the partnership or other ownership interests of any other Person that has more than 100 record holders of such interests, will be deemed to control such corporation or other Person. "COLLATERAL" means and includes all present and future right, title and interest of Grantor, in or to any Property or assets whatsoever, and all rights and powers of Grantor to transfer any interest in or to any Property or assets whatsoever, INCLUDING, without limitation, any and all of the following property: (a) All present and future accounts, accounts receivable, agreements, contracts, leases, contract rights, rights to payment, instruments, documents, chattel paper, security agreements, guaranties, letters of credit, undertakings, surety bonds, insurance policies (whether or not required by the terms of the Loan Documents), notes and drafts, and all forms of obligations owing to Grantor or in which Grantor may have any interest, however created or arising and whether or not earned by performance; (b) All present and future general intangibles, all tax refunds of every kind and nature to which Grantor now or hereafter may become entitled, however arising, all other refunds, and all deposits, reserves, loans, royalties, cost savings, deferred payments, goodwill, choses in action, liquidated damages, rights to indemnification, trade secrets, computer programs, software, customer lists, trademarks, trade names, patents, licenses, copyrights, technology, processes, proprietary information and insurance proceeds of which Grantor is a beneficiary; (c) All present and future deposit accounts of Grantor, INCLUDING, without limitation, any demand, time, savings, passbook or like account maintained by Grantor with any bank, savings and loan association, -2- credit union or like organization, and all cash and cash equivalents of Grantor, whether or not deposited in any such deposit account; (d) All present and future books and records, INCLUDING, without limitation, books of account and ledgers of every kind and nature, all electronically recorded data relating to Grantor or the business thereof, all receptacles and containers for such records, and all files and correspondence; (e) All present and future goods, INCLUDING, without limitation, all consumer goods, farm products, inventory, equipment, gaming devices and associated equipment, machinery, tools, molds, dies, furniture, furnishings, fixtures, trade fixtures, motor vehicles and all other goods used in connection with or in the conduct of Grantor's business; (f) All present and future inventory and merchandise, INCLUDING, without limitation, all present and future goods held for sale or lease or to be furnished under a contract of service, all raw materials, work in process and finished goods, all packing materials, supplies and containers relating to or used in connection with any of the foregoing, and all bills of lading, warehouse receipts or documents of title relating to any of the foregoing; (g) All present and future stocks, bonds, debentures, securities, subscription rights, options, warrants, puts, calls, certificates, partnership interests, limited liability company interests, joint venture interests, investments and/or brokerage accounts and all rights, preferences, privileges, dividends, distributions, redemption payments, or liquidation payments with respect thereto; (h) All present and future accessions, appurtenances, components, repairs, repair parts, spare parts, replacements, substitutions, additions, issue and/or improvements to or of or with respect to any of the foregoing; (i) All other tangible and intangible property of Grantor; (j) All rights, remedies, powers and/or privileges of Grantor with respect to any of the foregoing; and (k) Any and all proceeds and products of any of the foregoing, INCLUDING, without limitation, all money, accounts, general intangibles, deposit accounts, documents, instruments, chattel paper, goods, insurance proceeds, and -3- any other tangible or intangible property received upon the sale or disposition of any of the foregoing; PROVIDED that the term "COLLATERAL", as used in this Agreement, shall NOT include the following: (i) interests pledged pursuant to the Pledge Agreement; or (ii) real property or any interest therein. "GOVERNMENTAL AGENCY" means (a) any international, foreign, federal, state, county or municipal government, or political subdivision thereof, (b) any governmental or quasi-governmental agency, authority, board, bureau, commission, department, instrumentality or public body, or (c) any court or administrative tribunal. "LAWS" means, collectively, all international, foreign, federal, state and local statutes, treaties, rules, regulations, ordinances, codes and administrative or judicial precedents. "LOAN" means the aggregate of the Advances made at any one time by Bank pursuant to ARTICLE 2. "PERSON" means any entity, whether an individual, trustee, corporation, general partnership, limited partnership, joint stock company, trust, estate, unincorporated organization, business association, firm, joint venture, Governmental Agency, or otherwise. "PROPERTY" means any interest in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed, or tangible or intangible. "SECURED OBLIGATIONS" means any and all present and future obligations of any type or nature of Grantor to Secured Party arising under or relating to (a) the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents including all obligations with respect to Loans or Letters of Credit made under the Loan Agreement and obligations under the Loan Documents executed in connection therewith, (b) interest rate swaps and other hedging arrangements entered into by Bank and Grantor, (c) the documents governing each other credit facility hereafter made available to Grantor or guarantied by Grantor, whether due or to become due, matured or unmatured, liquidated or unliquidated, or contingent or noncontingent, INCLUDING obligations of performance as well as obligations of payment, and INCLUDING interest that accrues after the commencement of any bankruptcy or insolvency proceeding by or against Grantor. 2. FURTHER ASSURANCES. At any time and from time to time at the request of Secured Party, Grantor shall execute and deliver to Secured Party all such financing statements and other instruments and documents in form and substance -4- satisfactory to Secured Party as shall be necessary or desirable to fully perfect, when filed and/or recorded, Secured Party's security interests granted pursuant to SECTION 3 of this Agreement. At any time and from time to time, Secured Party shall be entitled to file and/or record any or all such financing statements, instruments and documents held by it, and any or all such further financing statements, documents and instruments, and to take all such other actions, as Secured Party may deem appropriate to perfect and to maintain perfected the security interests granted in SECTION 3 of this Agreement. Before and after the occurrence of any Event of Default, at Secured Party's request, Grantor shall execute all such further financing statements, instruments and documents, and shall do all such further acts and things, as may be deemed necessary or desirable by Secured Party to create and perfect, and to continue and preserve, an indefeasible security interest in the Collateral in favor of Secured Party, or the priority thereof. With respect to any Collateral consisting of certificated securities, instruments, documents, certificates of title or the like, as to which Secured Party's security interest need be perfected by, or the priority thereof need be assured by, possession of such Collateral, Grantor will upon demand of Secured Party deliver possession of same in pledge to Secured Party. With respect to any Collateral consisting of securities, instruments, partnership, joint venture or limited liability company interests or the like, Grantor hereby consents and agrees that the issuers of, or obligors on, any such Collateral, or any registrar or transfer agent or trustee for any such Collateral, shall be entitled to accept the provisions of this Agreement as conclusive evidence of the right of Secured Party to effect any transfer or exercise any right hereunder or with respect to any such Collateral, notwithstanding any other notice or direction to the contrary heretofore or hereafter given by Grantor or any other Person to such issuers or such obligors or to any such registrar or transfer agent or trustee. 3. SECURITY AGREEMENT. For valuable consideration, Grantor hereby assigns and pledges to Secured Party, and grants to Secured Party a security interest in, all presently existing and hereafter acquired Collateral, as security for the timely payment and performance of the Secured Obligations, and each of them. This Agreement is a continuing and irrevocable agreement and all the rights, powers, privileges and remedies hereunder shall apply to any and all Secured Obligations, including those arising under successive transactions which shall either continue the Secured Obligations, increase or decrease them and notwithstanding the bankruptcy of any Grantor or any other Person or any other event or proceeding affecting any Person. 4. GRANTOR'S REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND AGREEMENTS. EXCEPT as otherwise disclosed to Secured Party in writing concurrently herewith, Grantor represents, warrants and agrees that: (a) Grantor will pay, prior to delinquency, all taxes, charges, Liens and assessments against the Collateral, EXCEPT such as are timely contested in good faith, and upon its failure to pay or so contest such taxes, charges, -5- Liens and assessments, Secured Party, after an Event of Default, at its option may pay any of them, and Secured Party shall be the sole judge of the legality or validity thereof and the amount necessary to discharge the same; (b) the Collateral will not be used for any unlawful purpose or in violation of any Laws in any material respect, nor used in any way that will void or impair any insurance required to be carried in connection therewith; (c) Grantor will, to the extent consistent with good business practice, keep the portion of the Collateral owned by it in reasonably good repair, working order and condition, and from time to time make all needful and proper repairs, renewals, replacements, additions and improvements thereto and, as appropriate and applicable, will otherwise deal with such portion of the Collateral in all such ways as are considered good practice by owners of like Property; (d) Grantor will take all reasonable steps to preserve and protect the Collateral; (e) Grantor will maintain, with responsible insurance companies, insurance covering the Collateral against such insurable losses as is required by the Loan Agreement, and will cause Secured Party to be designated as an additional insured and loss payee with respect to all insurance (whether or not required by the Loan Agreement), will obtain the written agreement of the insurers that such insurance shall not be canceled, terminated or materially modified to the detriment of Secured Party without at least 30 days prior written notice to Secured Party, and will furnish copies of such insurance policies or certificates to Secured Party promptly upon request therefor; (f) Grantor will promptly notify Secured Party in writing in the event of any substantial or material damage to the Collateral (considered as a whole) from any source whatsoever, and, EXCEPT for the disposition of collections and other proceeds of the Collateral permitted by SECTION 7 hereof, Grantor will not remove or permit to be removed any part of the Collateral from its places of business without the prior written consent of Secured Party, EXCEPT for such items of the Collateral as are removed in the ordinary course of business or in connection with any transaction or disposition otherwise permitted by the Loan Documents; and (g) in the event Grantor changes its name or its address as either are set forth herein or in the Loan Agreement, Grantor will notify Secured Party of such name and/or address change promptly, but in any event, within five (5) days. 5. SECURED PARTY'S RIGHTS RE COLLATERAL. At any time (whether or not an Event of Default has occurred), without notice or demand and at the expense of Grantor with regard to the portion of the Collateral owned by it, Secured Party may, to the extent it may be necessary or desirable to protect the security hereunder, but Secured Party shall not be obligated to: (a) at all reasonable times on reasonable notice, provided that if no Default or Event of Default exists, Bank will provide one (1) business day prior written or verbal notice of its intention to exercise its rights, and, if requested by Borrower, will provide written confirmation of any such verbal notice, enter upon any premises on which Collateral is situated and examine the same or (b) perform any obligation of Grantor under this Agreement or any obligation of any other Person under the Loan Documents. At any time and from time to time, at the -6- expense of Grantor, Secured Party may, to the extent it may be necessary or desirable to protect the security hereunder, but Secured Party shall not be obligated to: (i) after an Event of Default, notify obligor on the Collateral that the Collateral has been assigned to Secured Party; and (ii) at any time and from time to time request from obligors on the Collateral, in the name of Grantor or in the name of Secured Party, information concerning the Collateral and the amounts owing thereon, PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any such action which involves communicating with customers of Grantor shall be carried out by Secured Party through such Grantor's independent auditors unless Secured Party shall then have the right directly to notify obligors on the Collateral as provided in SECTION 9. Grantor shall maintain books and records pertaining to the Collateral in such detail, form and scope as Secured Party shall reasonably require consistent with Secured Party's interests hereunder. Grantor shall at any time at Secured Party's request mark the Collateral and/or Grantor's ledger cards, books of account and other records relating to the Collateral with appropriate notations reasonably satisfactory to Secured Party disclosing that they are subject to Secured Party's security interests. Secured Party shall be under no duty or obligation whatsoever to take any action to preserve any rights of or against any prior or other parties in connection with the Collateral, to exercise any voting rights or managerial rights with respect to any Collateral, whether or not an Event of Default shall have occurred, or to make or give any presentments, demands for performance, notices of non-performance, protests, notices of protests, notices of dishonor or notices of any other nature whatsoever in connection with the Collateral or the Secured Obligations. Secured Party shall be under no duty or obligation whatsoever to take any action to protect or preserve the Collateral or any rights of Grantor therein, or to make collections or enforce payment thereon, or to participate in any foreclosure or other proceeding in connection therewith. 6. COLLECTIONS ON THE COLLATERAL. EXCEPT as otherwise provided in any Loan Document, Grantor shall have the right to use and to continue to make collections on and receive dividends and other proceeds of all of the Collateral in the ordinary course of business so long as no Event of Default shall have occurred and be continuing. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, at the option of Secured Party, Grantor's right to make collections on and receive dividends and other proceeds of the Collateral and to use or dispose of such collections and proceeds shall terminate, and any and all dividends, proceeds and collections, including all partial or total prepayments, then held or thereafter received on or on account of the Collateral will be held or received by Grantor in trust for Secured Party and immediately delivered in kind to Secured Party. Any remittance received by Grantor from any Person shall be presumed to relate to the Collateral and to be subject to Secured Party's security interests. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Secured Party shall have the right at all times to receive, receipt for, endorse, assign, deposit and deliver, in the name of Secured Party or in the name -7- of Grantor, any and all checks, notes, drafts and other instruments for the payment of money constituting proceeds of or otherwise relating to the Collateral; and Grantor hereby authorizes Secured Party to affix, by facsimile signature or otherwise, the general or special endorsement of it, in such manner as Secured Party shall deem advisable, to any such instrument in the event the same has been delivered to or obtained by Secured Party without appropriate endorsement, and Secured Party and any collecting bank are hereby authorized to consider such endorsement to be a sufficient, valid and effective endorsement by Grantor, to the same extent as though it were manually executed by the duly authorized officer of Grantor, regardless of by whom or under what circumstances or by what authority such facsimile signature or other endorsement actually is affixed, without duty of inquiry or responsibility as to such matters, and Grantor hereby expressly waives demand, presentment, protest and notice of protest or dishonor and all other notices of every kind and nature with respect to any such instrument. 7. POSSESSION OF COLLATERAL BY SECURED PARTY. All the Collateral now, heretofore or hereafter delivered to Secured Party shall be held by Secured Party in its possession, custody and control. Any or all of the Collateral delivered to Secured Party shall be held in an interest-bearing account, which is in the form of cash or cash equivalent, and Secured Party shall apply any such interest to payment of the Secured Obligations. Nothing herein shall obligate Secured Party to obtain any particular return on the Collateral. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, whenever any of the Collateral is in Secured Party's possession, custody or control, Secured Party may use, operate and consume the Collateral, whether for the purpose of preserving and/or protecting the Collateral, or for the purpose of performing any of Grantor's obligations with respect thereto, or otherwise. Secured Party may at any time deliver or redeliver the Collateral or any part thereof to Grantor, and the receipt of any of the same by Grantor shall be complete and full acquittance for the Collateral so delivered, and Secured Party thereafter shall be discharged from any liability or responsibility therefor. So long as Secured Party exercises reasonable care with respect to any Collateral in its possession, custody or control, Secured Party shall have no liability for any loss of or damage to such Collateral, and in no event shall Secured Party have liability for any diminution in value of Collateral occasioned by economic or market conditions or events. Secured Party shall be deemed to have exercised reasonable care within the meaning of the preceding sentence if the Collateral in the possession, custody or control of Secured Party is accorded treatment substantially equal to that which Secured Party accords its own property, it being understood that Secured Party shall not have any responsibility for (a) ascertaining or taking action with respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders or other matters relating to any Collateral, whether or not Secured Party has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters, or (b) taking any necessary steps to preserve rights against any Person with respect to any Collateral. -8- 8. EVENTS OF DEFAULT. There shall be an Event of Default hereunder upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement. 9. RIGHTS UPON EVENT OF DEFAULT. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Secured Party shall have, in any jurisdiction where enforcement hereof is sought, in addition to all other rights and remedies that Secured Party may have under applicable Law or in equity or under this Agreement (INCLUDING, without limitation, all rights set forth in SECTION 5 hereof) or under any other Loan Document, all rights and remedies of a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted in California and, in addition, the following rights and remedies, all of which may be exercised with or without notice to Grantor and without affecting the Secured Obligations of Grantor hereunder or under any other Loan Document, or the enforceability of the Liens created hereby: (a) to foreclose the Liens created hereunder or under any other agreement relating to any Collateral by any available judicial procedure or without judicial process; (b) to enter any premises where any Collateral may be located for the purpose of securing, protecting, inventorying, appraising, inspecting, repairing, preserving, storing, preparing, processing, taking possession of or removing the same; (c) to sell, assign, lease or otherwise dispose of any Collateral or any part thereof, either at public or private sale or at any broker's board, in lot or in bulk, for cash, on credit or otherwise, with or without representations or warranties and upon such terms as shall be acceptable to Secured Party; (d) to notify obligors on the Collateral that the Collateral has been assigned to Secured Party and that all payments thereon are to be made directly and exclusively to Secured Party; (e) to collect by legal proceedings or otherwise all dividends, distributions, interest, principal or other sums now or hereafter payable upon or on account of the Collateral; (f) to cause the Collateral to be registered in the name of Secured Party, as legal owner; (g) to enter into any extension, reorganization, deposit, merger or consolidation agreement, or any other agreement relating to or affecting the Collateral, and in connection therewith Secured Party may deposit or surrender control of the Collateral and/or accept other Property in exchange for the Collateral; (h) to settle, compromise or release, on terms acceptable to Secured Party, in whole or in part, any amounts owing on the Collateral and/or any disputes with respect thereto; (i) to extend the time of payment, make allowances and adjustments and issue credits in connection with the Collateral in the name of Secured Party or in the name of Grantor; (j) to enforce payment and prosecute any action or proceeding with respect to any or all of the Collateral and take or bring, in the name of Secured Party or in the name of Grantor, any and all steps, actions, suits or proceedings deemed by Secured Party necessary or desirable to effect collection of or to realize upon the Collateral, INCLUDING any judicial or nonjudicial foreclosure thereof or thereon, and Grantor specifically consents to any nonjudicial foreclosure of any or all of the Collateral or any other action taken by Secured Party which may release any obligor -9- from personal liability on any of the Collateral, and Grantor waives any right not expressly provided for in this Agreement to receive notice of any public or private judicial or nonjudicial sale or foreclosure of any security or any of the Collateral; and any money or other Property received by Secured Party in exchange for or on account of the Collateral, whether representing collections or proceeds of Collateral, and whether resulting from voluntary payments or foreclosure proceedings or other legal action taken by Secured Party or Grantor may be applied by Secured Party without notice to Grantor to the Secured Obligations in such order and manner as Secured Party in its sole discretion shall determine; (k) to insure, process and preserve the Collateral; (l) to exercise all rights, remedies, powers or privileges provided under any of the Loan Documents; (m) to remove, from any premises where the same may be located, the Collateral and any and all documents, instruments, files and records, and any receptacles and cabinets containing the same, relating to the Collateral, and Secured Party may, at the cost and expense of Grantor, use such of its supplies, equipment, facilities and space at its places of business as may be necessary or appropriate to properly administer, process, store, control, prepare for sale or disposition and/or sell or dispose of the Collateral or to properly administer and control the handling of collections and realizations thereon, and Secured Party shall be deemed to have a rent-free tenancy of any premises of Grantor for such purposes and for such periods of time as reasonably required by Secured Party; (n) to receive, open and dispose of all mail addressed to Grantor and notify postal authorities to change the address for delivery thereof to such address as Secured Party may designate; PROVIDED that Secured Party agrees that it will promptly deliver over to Grantor such opened mail as does not relate to the Collateral; and (o) to exercise all other rights, powers, privileges and remedies of an owner of the Collateral; all at Secured Party's sole option and as Secured Party in its sole discretion may deem advisable. Grantor will, at Secured Party's request, assemble the Collateral and make it available to Secured Party at places which Secured Party may reasonably designate, whether at the premises of Grantor or elsewhere, and will make available to Secured Party, free of cost, all premises, equipment and facilities of Grantor for the purpose of Secured Party's taking possession of the Collateral or storing same or removing or putting the Collateral in salable form or selling or disposing of same. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, Secured Party also shall have the right, without notice or demand, either in person, by agent or by a receiver to be appointed by a court (and Grantor hereby expressly consents upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default to the appointment of such a receiver), and without regard to the adequacy of any security for the Secured Obligations, to take possession of the Collateral or any part thereof and to collect and receive the rents, issues, profits, income and proceeds thereof. Taking possession of the Collateral shall not cure or waive any Event of Default or notice -10- thereof or invalidate any act done pursuant to such notice. The rights, remedies and powers of any receiver appointed by a court shall be as ordered by said court. Any public or private sale or other disposition of the Collateral may be held at any office of Secured Party, or at Grantor's place of business, or at any other place permitted by applicable Law, and without the necessity of the Collateral's being within the view of prospective purchasers. Secured Party may direct the order and manner of sale of the Collateral, or portions thereof, as it in its sole and absolute discretion may determine, and Grantor expressly waives any right to direct the order and manner of sale of any Collateral. Secured Party or any Person on Secured Party's behalf may bid and purchase at any such sale or other disposition. The net cash proceeds resulting from the collection, liquidation, sale, lease or other disposition of the Collateral shall be applied, first, to the expenses (including reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements) of retaking, holding, storing, processing and preparing for sale or lease, selling, leasing, collecting, liquidating and the like, and then to the satisfaction of the Secured Obligations in such order as shall be determined by Secured Party in its sole and absolute discretion. Grantor and any other Person then obligated therefor shall pay to Secured Party on demand any deficiency with regard thereto which may remain after such sale, disposition, collection or liquidation of the Collateral. Unless the Collateral is perishable or threatens to decline speedily in value or is of a type customarily sold on a recognized market, Secured Party will send or otherwise make available to Grantor reasonable notice of the time and place of any public sale thereof or of the time on or after which any private sale thereof is to be made. The requirement of sending reasonable notice conclusively shall be met if such notice is mailed, first class mail, postage prepaid, to Grantor at its address set forth in the Loan Agreement, or delivered or otherwise sent to Grantor, at least five (5) days before the date of the sale. With respect to any Collateral consisting of securities, partnership interests, joint venture interests, limited liability company interests, Investments or the like, and whether or not any of such Collateral has been effectively registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or other applicable Laws, Secured Party may, in its sole and absolute discretion, sell all or any part of such Collateral at private sale in such manner and under such circumstances as Secured Party may deem necessary or advisable in order that the sale may be lawfully conducted. Without limiting the foregoing, Secured Party may (i) approach and negotiate with a limited number of potential purchasers, and (ii) restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing such Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. In the event that any such Collateral is sold at private sale, Grantor agrees that if such Collateral is sold for a price which Secured Party in good faith believes to be -11- reasonable under the circumstances then existing, then (a) the sale shall be not be deemed to be commercially unreasonable by reason of price, (b) Grantor shall not be entitled to a credit against the Secured Obligations in an amount in excess of the purchase price, and (c) Secured Party shall not incur any liability or responsibility to Grantor in connection therewith, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized at a public sale. Grantor recognizes that a ready market may not exist for such Collateral if it is not regularly traded on a recognized securities exchange, and that a sale by Secured Party of any such Collateral for an amount substantially less than a pro rata share of the fair market value of the issuer's assets minus liabilities may be commercially reasonable in view of the difficulties that may be encountered in attempting to sell a large amount of such Collateral or Collateral that is privately traded. Upon consummation of any sale of Collateral hereunder, Secured Party shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any such sale shall hold the Collateral so sold absolutely free from any claim or right upon the part of Grantor or any other Person, and Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by applicable Laws) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal which it now has or may at any time in the future have under any rule of Law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted. 10. ATTORNEY-IN-FACT. Grantor hereby irrevocably nominates and appoints Secured Party as their attorney-in-fact for the following purposes: (a) to do all acts and things which Secured Party may deem necessary or advisable to perfect and continue perfected the security interests created by this Agreement and, upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, to preserve, process, develop, maintain and protect the Collateral; (b) upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, to do any and every act which Grantor is obligated to do under this Agreement, at the expense of the Grantor and without any obligation to do so; (c) to prepare, sign, file and/or record, for Grantor, in the name of Grantor, any financing statement, application for registration, or like paper, and to take any other action deemed by Secured Party necessary or desirable in order to perfect or maintain perfected the security interests granted hereby; and (d) upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default, to execute any and all papers and instruments and do all other things necessary or desirable to preserve and protect the Collateral and to protect Secured Party's security interests therein; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Secured Party shall be under no obligation whatsoever to take any of the foregoing actions, and, absent bad faith or actual malice, Secured Party shall have no liability or responsibility for any act taken or omission with respect thereto (other than Secured Party's own gross negligence or wilful misconduct). -12- 11. COSTS AND EXPENSES. Grantor agrees to pay to Secured Party all costs and expenses (INCLUDING, without limitation, reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, including allocated costs of in-house counsel), incurred by Secured Party in the enforcement or attempted enforcement of this Agreement, whether or not an action is filed in connection therewith, and in connection with any waiver or amendment of any term or provision hereof. All advances, charges, costs and expenses, INCLUDING reasonable attorneys' fees and disbursements, incurred or paid by Secured Party in exercising any right, privilege, power or remedy conferred by this Agreement (INCLUDING, without limitation, the right to perform any Secured Obligation of Grantor under the Loan Documents), or in the enforcement or attempted enforcement thereof, shall be secured hereby and shall become a part of the Secured Obligations and shall be paid to Secured Party by Grantor, immediately upon demand, together with interest thereon at the Default Rate. 12. STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS AND OTHER LAWS. Until the Secured Obligations shall have been paid and performed in full, the power of sale and all other rights, privileges, powers and remedies granted to Secured Party hereunder shall continue to exist and may be exercised by Secured Party at any time and from time to time irrespective of the fact that any of the Secured Obligations may have become barred by any statute of limitations. Grantor expressly waives the benefit of any and all statutes of limitation, and any and all Laws providing for exemption of property from execution or for valuation and appraisal upon foreclosure, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable Law. 13. OTHER AGREEMENTS. Nothing herein shall in any way modify or limit the effect of terms or conditions set forth in any other security or other agreement executed by Grantor or in connection with the Secured Obligations, but each and every term and condition hereof shall be in addition thereto. All provisions contained in the Loan Agreement or any other Loan Document that apply to Loan Documents generally are fully applicable to this Agreement and are incorporated herein by this reference. 14. CONTINUING EFFECT. This Agreement shall remain in full force and effect and continue to be effective should any petition be filed by or against Grantor for liquidation or reorganization, should Grantor become insolvent or make an assignment for the benefit of creditors or should a receiver or trustee be appointed for all or any significant part of Grantor's assets. 15. RELEASE OF GRANTOR. This Agreement and all Secured Obligations of Grantor hereunder shall be released when all Secured Obligations have been paid in full in cash or otherwise performed in full and when no portion of the Commitments remain outstanding. Upon such release of Grantor's Secured Obligations hereunder, Secured Party shall return any pledged Collateral to Grantor, or to the Person or -13- Persons legally entitled thereto, and shall endorse, execute, deliver, record and file all instruments and documents, and do all other acts and things, reasonably required for the return of the Collateral to Grantor, or to the Person or Persons legally entitled thereto, and to evidence or document the release of Secured Party's interests arising under this Agreement, all as reasonably requested by, and at the sole expense of, Grantor. 16. GOVERNING LAW. This Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with and governed by the local laws of the State of California. 17. ATTORNEY'S FEES. In any action to enforce this Agreement, the prevailing party shall be entitled to receive, in addition to any other relief awarded by the tribunal, its attorney's fees and costs (including the allocated fees and costs of internal counsel). IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Grantor has executed this Agreement by its duly authorized officer as of the date first written above. "Grantor" HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation By: /s/ Brian Aune ------------------------------ CFO ------------------------------ [Name and Title] -14- ACCEPTED AND AGREED AS OF THE DATE FIRST ABOVE WRITTEN: "Secured Party" BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION, as Secured Party By: /s/ [ILLEGIBLE] --------------------------- Title: Vice President ------------------------ EX-10.29 8 EXH. 10.29 PLEDGE AGREEMENT This PLEDGE AGREEMENT ("Agreement"), dated as of January 23, 1998, is made by HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation ("Grantor"), in favor of BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION, as lender under the Loan Agreement referred to below ("Bank") with reference to the following facts: RECITALS A. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement of even date herewith between Grantor, as borrower, and Bank (as such agreement may from time to time be amended, extended, renewed, supplemented or otherwise modified, the "Loan Agreement"), Bank has agreed to extend certain credit facilities to Grantor. B. The Loan Agreement provides, as a condition precedent to the Bank's obligations to extend credit facilities to Grantor, that Grantor shall enter into this Agreement, and shall pledge certain Pledged Collateral (as defined herein) to Bank, all under the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement. AGREEMENT NOW, THEREFORE, in order to induce the Bank to extend credit facilities to the Grantor under the Loan Agreement, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and adequacy of which hereby is acknowledged, Grantor hereby represents, warrants, covenants, agrees, and pledges as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS. Terms defined in the Loan Agreement and not otherwise defined in this Agreement shall have the meanings given those terms in the Loan Agreement as though set forth herein in full. The following terms shall have the meanings respectively set forth after each: "CERTIFICATES" means all certificates, instruments or other documents now or hereafter representing or evidencing any Pledged Securities. "PLEDGED COLLATERAL" means (i) any and all property of Grantor now or hereafter pledged and delivered to Bank, (ii) the Pledged Securities and the Certificates representing or evidencing same, and (iii) the Intercompany Note, and any and all proceeds and products of any of the foregoing, and any and all - 1 - collections, dividends, distributions, redemption payments or liquidation payments with respect to any of the foregoing, EXCEPT dividends or distributions actually paid to the Grantor as permitted under the terms of the Loan Agreement. "PLEDGED SECURITIES" means (i) all shares of capital stock of Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited, an English company ("HP UK"), owned by Grantor; (ii) any and all securities now or hereafter issued in substitution, exchange or replacement therefor, or with respect thereto; (iii) any and all warrants, options or other rights to subscribe to or acquire any additional capital stock of HP UK; and (iv) any and all additional capital stock of HP UK. 2. REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES. (a) INCORPORATION OF TERMS. This Agreement is one of the Loan Documents referred to in the Loan Agreement. All provisions contained in the Loan Agreement that are applicable to the Loan Documents generally are fully applicable to this Agreement and are incorporated herein by this reference as though set forth in full. (b) REPRESENTATIONS AND WARRANTIES OF GRANTOR. Grantor represents, warrants and agrees that: (i) it has good title to the Pledged Collateral, free from any liens, leases, encumbrances, defenses or other claims or restrictions whatsoever; (ii) the security interest in the Pledged Collateral created hereby constitutes a first, prior, and indefeasible security interest with respect to such collateral; (iii) it has the right to transfer the Pledged Collateral pursuant to this Agreement without restriction, and such collateral has been duly and validly pledged to Bank in accordance with law; (iv) it shall provide such additional endorsements, forms and writings and execute all documents and take such other action as Bank deems necessary to create and perfect a security interest in the Pledged Collateral or as Bank may at any time reasonably request in connection with the administration or enforcement of this Agreement or the administration of the Pledged Collateral. 3. CREATION OF SECURITY INTEREST. (a) PLEDGE OF PLEDGED COLLATERAL. Grantor hereby pledges to Bank and grants to Bank a security interest in and to all Pledged Collateral, together with all products, proceeds, dividends, redemption payments, liquidation payments, cash, instruments and other property, and any and all rights, titles, interests, privileges, benefits and preferences appertaining or incidental to the Pledged Collateral. The security interest and pledge created by this Agreement shall continue in effect so long as any obligation is owed to Bank by Grantor under the Loan Agreement. - 2 - (b) DELIVERY OF CERTAIN PLEDGED COLLATERAL. On or before the Closing Date, Grantor shall pledge and deliver the Certificates representing 100% of the issued and outstanding capital stock of HP UK, to Bank. Following the Closing Date, additional Pledged Collateral may from time to time be delivered to Bank as required pursuant to the Loan Agreement and hereunder. All Certificates at any time delivered to Bank shall be in suitable form for transfer by delivery, or shall be accompanied by duly executed instruments of transfer or assignment in blank, all in form and substance satisfactory to Bank. Bank shall hold all Certificates pledged hereunder pursuant to this Agreement. 4. SECURITY FOR OBLIGATIONS. This Agreement and the pledge and security interest granted herein secure the prompt payment, in full in cash, and full performance of, all obligations of Grantor under the Loan Agreement and the other Loan Documents. 5. FURTHER ASSURANCES. Grantor agrees that at any time, and from time to time, at its own expense Grantor will promptly execute, deliver and file or record all further financing statements, instruments and documents, and will take all further actions that may be necessary or desirable, or that Bank reasonably may request, in order to perfect and protect any pledge or security interest granted hereby or to enable Bank to exercise and enforce its rights and remedies hereunder with respect to any Pledged Collateral and to preserve, protect and maintain the Pledged Collateral and the value thereof, including, without limitation, payment of all taxes, assessments and other charges imposed on or relating to the Pledged Collateral. Grantor hereby consents and agrees that the issuers of, or obligors on, the Pledged Collateral, or any registrar or transfer agent or trustee for any of the Pledged Collateral, shall be entitled to accept the provisions of this Agreement as conclusive evidence of the right of Bank to effect any transfer or exercise any right hereunder, notwithstanding any other notice or direction to the contrary heretofore or hereafter given by Grantor or any other Person to such issuers or such obligors or to any such registrar or transfer agent or trustee. 6. VOTING RIGHTS; DIVIDENDS; ETC. So long as no Event of Default under the Loan Agreement occurs and remains continuing: (a) VOTING RIGHTS. Grantor shall be entitled to exercise any and all voting and other consensual rights pertaining to the Pledged Securities, or any part thereof, for any purpose not inconsistent with the terms of this Agreement, the Loan Agreement, or the other Loan Documents; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Grantor shall not exercise, or shall refrain from exercising, any such right if it would result in a default or an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement. - 3 - (b) DIVIDEND AND DISTRIBUTION RIGHTS. Grantor shall be entitled to receive and to retain and use only those dividends or distributions paid to Grantor with respect to the Pledged Securities as permitted under the terms of the Loan Agreement; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that any and all such dividends or distributions received in the form of capital stock shall be, and the Certificates representing such capital stock forthwith shall be, delivered to Bank to hold as Pledged Collateral and shall, if received by Grantor, be received in trust for the benefit of Bank, be segregated from the other property of Grantor, and forthwith be delivered to Bank as Pledged Collateral in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements). 7. RIGHTS DURING EVENT OF DEFAULT. When an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement or this Agreement has occurred and is continuing: (a) VOTING, DIVIDEND, AND DISTRIBUTION RIGHTS. At the option of Bank, all rights of Grantor to exercise the voting and other consensual rights which it would otherwise be entitled to exercise pursuant to Section 6(a) above, and to receive the dividends and distributions which it would otherwise be authorized to receive and retain pursuant to Section 6(b) above, shall cease, and all such rights shall thereupon become vested in Bank who shall thereupon have the sole right to exercise such voting and other consensual rights and to receive and to hold as Pledged Collateral such dividends and distributions. Bank shall give notice thereof to Grantor; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that (i) neither the giving of such notice nor the receipt thereof by Grantor shall be a condition to exercise of any rights of Bank hereunder, and (ii) Bank shall incur no liability for failing to give such notice. (b) DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS HELD IN TRUST. All dividends and other distributions which are received by Grantor contrary to the provisions of the Loan Agreement or this Agreement shall be received in trust for the benefit of Bank, shall be segregated from other funds of Grantor, and forthwith shall be paid over to Bank as Pledged Collateral in the same form as so received (with any necessary endorsements). (c) IRREVOCABLE PROXY. Grantor hereby revokes all previous proxies with regard to the Pledged Securities and appoints Bank as its proxyholder to attend and vote at any and all meetings of the shareholders of the corporations which issued the Pledged Securities, and any adjournments thereof, held on or after the date of the giving of this proxy and prior to the termination of this proxy and to execute any and all written consents of shareholders of such corporations executed on or after the date of the giving of this proxy and prior to the termination of this proxy, with the same effect as if Grantor had personally attended the meetings or had personally voted their shares or had personally signed the written consents; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that the proxyholder shall have rights hereunder only upon the occurrence and during the - 4 - continuance of an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement, and that Bank shall have instructed the proxyholder to exercise voting rights with respect to the Pledged Securities or any of them. Grantor hereby authorizes Bank to substitute another person as the proxyholder and, upon the occurrence or during the continuance of any Event of Default under the Loan Agreement, hereby authorizes and directs the proxyholder to file this proxy and the substitution instrument with the secretary of the appropriate corporation. This proxy is coupled with an interest and is irrevocable until such time as all Secured Obligations have been paid and performed in full. 8. TRANSFERS AND OTHER LIENS. Grantor agrees that, except as not prohibited under the Loan Documents, it will not (i) sell, assign, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, or contract to sell, assign, exchange, transfer or otherwise dispose of, or grant any option with respect to, any of the Pledged Collateral, (ii) create or permit to exist any lien upon or with respect to any of the Pledged Collateral, except for liens in favor of Bank, or (iii) take any action with respect to the Pledged Collateral which is inconsistent with the provisions or purposes of this Agreement or any other Loan Document. 9. BANK APPOINTED ATTORNEY-IN-FACT. After the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement, Grantor hereby irrevocably appoints Bank as Grantor's attorney-in-fact, with full authority in the place and stead of Grantor, and in the name of Grantor, or otherwise, from time to time, in Bank's sole and absolute discretion to do any of the following acts or things: (a) to do all acts and things and to execute all documents necessary or advisable to perfect and continue perfected the security interests created by this Agreement and to preserve, maintain and protect the Pledged Collateral; (b) to do any and every act which Grantor is obligated to do under this Agreement; (c) to prepare, sign, file and record, in Grantor's name, any financing statement covering the Pledged Collateral; and (d) to endorse and transfer the Pledged Collateral upon foreclosure by Bank; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, that Bank shall be under no obligation whatsoever to take any of the foregoing actions, and Bank shall have no liability or responsibility for any act (other than Bank's own gross negligence or willful misconduct) or omission taken with respect thereto. Grantor hereby agrees to repay immediately upon demand all reasonable costs and expenses incurred or expended by Bank in exercising any right or taking any action under this Agreement, together with interest as provided for in the Loan Agreement. 10. BANK MAY PERFORM OBLIGATIONS. If Grantor fails to perform any obligation contained herein, Bank may, but without any obligation to do so and without notice to or demand upon Grantor, perform the same and take such other action as Bank may deem necessary or desirable to protect the Pledged Collateral or Bank's security interests therein, Bank being hereby authorized (without limiting the - 5 - general nature of the authority hereinabove conferred) to pay, purchase, contest and compromise any lien which in the reasonable judgment of Bank appears to be prior or superior to Bank's security interests, and in exercising any such powers and authority to pay necessary expense, employ counsel and pay reasonable attorneys' fees. Grantor hereby agrees to repay immediately upon demand all sums so expended by Bank, together with interest from the date of expenditure at the rates provided for in the Loan Agreement. Bank shall not be under any duty or obligation to (i) preserve, maintain or protect the Pledged Collateral or any of any Grantor's rights or interest therein, (ii) exercise any voting rights with respect to the Pledged Collateral, whether or not an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement has occurred or is continuing, or (iii) make or give any notices of default, presentments, demands for performance, notices of nonperformance or dishonor, protests, notices of protest or notice of any other nature whatsoever in connection with the Pledged Collateral on behalf of Grantor or any other Person having any interest therein; and Bank does not assume and shall not be obligated to perform the obligations of Grantor, if any, with respect to the Pledged Collateral. 11. REASONABLE CARE. Bank shall in all events be deemed to have exercised reasonable care in the custody and preservation of the Pledged Collateral in its possession if the Pledged Collateral is accorded treatment substantially similar to that which Bank accords its own property, it being understood that Bank shall not have any responsibility for (i) ascertaining or taking action with respect to calls, conversions, exchanges, maturities, tenders or other matters relative to any Pledged Collateral, whether or not Bank has or is deemed to have knowledge of such matters, or (ii) taking any necessary steps to preserve rights against any Person with respect to any Pledged Collateral. 12. EVENTS OF DEFAULT AND REMEDIES. (a) RIGHTS UPON EVENT OF DEFAULT. Upon the occurrence and during the continuance of an Event of Default under the Loan Agreement, Grantor shall be in default hereunder and Bank shall have in any jurisdiction where enforcement is sought, in addition to all other rights and remedies that Bank may have under this Agreement and under applicable law or in equity, all of its rights and remedies as a secured party under the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted in any such jurisdiction, and in addition the following rights and remedies, all of which may be exercised with or without further notice to Grantor: (1) to notify any issuer of any Pledged Securities, and any and all other issuers of or obligors on any Pledged Collateral, that the same has been pledged to Bank and that all dividends and other payments thereon are to be made directly and exclusively to Bank; to renew, extend, modify, amend, - 6 - accelerate, accept partial payments on, make allowances and adjustments and issue credits with respect to, release, settle, compromise, compound, collect or otherwise liquidate, on terms acceptable to Bank, in whole or in part, the Pledged Collateral and any amounts owing thereon or any guaranty or security therefor; to enter into any other agreement relating to or affecting the Pledged Collateral; and to give all consents, waivers and ratification with respect to the Pledged Collateral and exercise all other rights (including voting rights), powers and remedies and otherwise act with respect thereto as if Bank were the owner thereof; (2) to enforce payment and prosecute any action or proceeding with respect to any and all of the Pledged Collateral and take or bring, in Bank's name or in the name of Grantor, all steps, actions, suits or proceedings deemed by Bank necessary or desirable to effect collection of or to realize upon the Pledged Collateral; (3) in accordance with applicable law, to take possession of and operate or control the Pledged Collateral with or without judicial process; (4) to endorse, in the name of Grantor, all checks, notes, drafts, money orders, instruments and other evidences of payment relating to the Pledged Collateral; (5) to transfer any or all of the Pledged Collateral into the name of Bank or its nominee or nominees; and (6) in accordance with applicable law, to foreclose the liens and security interests created under this Agreement or under any other agreement relating to the Pledged Collateral by any available judicial procedure or without judicial process, and to sell, assign or otherwise dispose of the Pledged Collateral or any part thereof, either at public or private sale or at any broker's board or securities exchange, in lots or in bulk, for cash, on credit or on future delivery, or otherwise, with or without representations or warranties, and upon such terms as shall be acceptable to Bank; all at the sole option of and in the sole discretion of Bank. (b) NOTICE OF SALE. Bank shall give Grantor at least five (5) days' written notice of sale of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral. Any sale of the Pledged Collateral shall be held at such time or times and at such place or places as Bank may determine in the exercise of their sole and absolute discretion. Bank may bid (which bid may be, in whole or in part, in the form of cancellation of Secured Obli- - 7 - gations) for and purchase for the account of Bank or any nominee of Bank the whole or any part of the Pledged Collateral. Bank shall not be obligated to make any sale of the Pledged Collateral if it shall determine not to do so regardless of the fact that notice of sale of the Pledged Collateral may have been given. Bank may, without notice or publication, adjourn the sale from time to time by announcement at the time and place fixed for sale, and such sale may, without further notice, be made at the time and place to which the same was so adjourned. (c) PRIVATE SALES. Whether or not any of the Pledged Collateral has been effectively registered under the Securities Act of 1933 or other applicable laws, Bank may, in its sole and absolute discretion, sell all or any part of the Pledged Collateral at private sale in such manner and under such circumstances as Bank may deem necessary or advisable. Without limiting the foregoing, Bank may (i) approach and negotiate with a limited number of potential purchasers, and (ii) restrict the prospective bidders or purchasers to persons who will represent and agree that they are purchasing the Pledged Collateral for their own account for investment and not with a view to the distribution or resale thereof. In the event that any of the Pledged Collateral is sold at private sale, Grantor agrees that if the Pledged Collateral is sold for a price which Bank in good faith believe to be reasonable, then (A) the sale shall be deemed to be commercially reasonable in all respects, (B) Grantor shall not be entitled to a credit against the Secured Obligations in an amount in excess of the purchase price, and (C) Bank shall not incur any liability or responsibility to Grantor in connection therewith, notwithstanding the possibility that a substantially higher price might have been realized at a public sale. Grantor recognizes that a ready market may not exist for Pledged Collateral which is not regularly traded on a recognized securities exchange, and that a sale by Bank of any such Pledged Collateral for an amount substantially less than a pro rata share of the fair market value of the issuer's assets minus liabilities may be commercially reasonable in view of the difficulties that may be encountered in attempting to sell a large amount of Pledged Collateral or Pledged Collateral that is privately traded. (d) TITLE OF PURCHASERS. Upon consummation of any sale of Pledged Collateral pursuant to this Section 12, Bank shall have the right to assign, transfer and deliver to the purchaser or purchasers thereof the Pledged Collateral so sold. Each such purchaser at any such sale shall hold the Pledged Collateral sold absolutely free from any claim or right on the part of Grantor, and Grantor hereby waives (to the extent permitted by applicable law) all rights of redemption, stay and appraisal which they now have or may at any time in the future have under any rule of law or statute now existing or hereafter enacted. If the sale of all or any part of the Pledged Collateral is made on credit or for future delivery, Bank shall not be required to apply any portion of the sale price to the Secured Obligations until such amount actually is received by Bank, and any Pledged Collateral so sold may be retained by Bank until - 8 - the sale price is paid in full by the purchaser or purchasers thereof. Bank shall not incur any liability in case any such purchaser or purchasers shall fail to pay for the Pledged Collateral so sold, and, in case of any such failure, the Pledged Collateral may be sold again upon like notice. (e) DISPOSITION OF PROCEEDS OF SALE. The net cash proceeds resulting from the collection, liquidation, sale or other disposition of the Pledged Collateral shall be applied, FIRST, to the reasonable costs and expenses (including reasonable attorneys: fees) of retaking, holding, storing, processing and preparing for sale, selling, collecting and liquidating the Pledged Collateral, and the like; SECOND, to the satisfaction of all Secured Obligations, with application as to any particular Secured Obligations to be in the order set forth in the Loan Agreement or other Loan Documents; and, THIRD, to all other indebtedness secured hereby in such order and manner as Bank in its sole and absolute discretion may determine. 13. OTHER AGREEMENTS. Nothing herein shall in any way modify or limit the effect of terms or conditions set forth in any other security or other agreement in connection with the Secured Obligations, whether or not executed by the Grantor, but each and every term and condition hereof shall be in addition thereto. 14. COVENANT NOT TO ISSUE UNCERTIFICATED SECURITIES. Grantor represents and warrants to Bank that all of the capital stock of and each of its Affiliates that is a corporation is in certificated form (as contemplated by Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted in California), and covenants to Bank that it will not cause or permit any Affiliate to issue any capital stock in uncertificated form or seek to convert all or any part of its existing capital stock into uncertificated form (as contemplated by Article 8 of the Uniform Commercial Code as enacted in California). 15. COVENANT NOT TO DILUTE INTERESTS OF BANK IN PLEDGED SECURITIES. Grantor represents, warrants and covenants to Bank that it will not at any time cause or permit any corporation whose securities constitute Pledged Collateral to issue any additional capital stock, or any warrants, options or other rights to acquire any additional capital stock PROVIDED that Grantor may cause or permit management of Grantor to receive capital stock of Grantor and options to acquire the same provided that concurrently with the issuance thereof the same are delivered in pledge to the Bank hereunder. - 9 - IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Grantor has caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first above written. "Grantor" HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation By: /s/ Brian Aune --------------------------------- Brian Aune CFO --------------------------------- Printed Name and Title - 10 - EX-10.30 9 EXH. 10.30 SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT THIS SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT (the "AGREEMENT"), dated as of January 23, 1998, is entered into by and among HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE, a California corporation ("BORROWER"), HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE LIMITED, an English company ("HP UK"), BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION ("BANK"), MELANIE L. BASTIAN ("BASTIAN"), and UNIQUE INVESTMENTS CORPORATION, a Utah corporation ("UNIQUE"). RECITALS A. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Business Loan Agreement of even date herewith between Borrower and Bank (as at any time amended, the "SENIOR LOAN AGREEMENT"), Bank is providing certain credit facilities to Borrower. B. Using the proceeds of a $6,500,000 subordinated loan from Bastian (the "Bastian Loan"), Unique has heretofore made a $6,500,000 subordinated loan to Borrower (the "Unique Loan"). Concurrently herewith, Unique will receive a $1,500,000 principal repayment with respect to the Unique Loan from Borrower and shall use such funds to make a $1,500,000 principal payment to Bastian. C. The remaining balance of $5,000,000 under the Bastian Loan shall be evidenced by an Amended and Restated Subordinated Promissory Note of even date herewith made by Unique in favor of Bastian (as in effect on the date of this Agreement, the "BASTIAN NOTE"), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A. The remaining balance of $5,000,000 under the Unique Loan shall be evidenced by an Amended and Restated Subordinated Promissory Note of even date herewith made by Borrower in favor of Unique (as in effect on the date of this Agreement, the "UNIQUE NOTE"), a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit B. D. It is a condition precedent to the making of the loans under the Senior Loan Agreement that Bastian and Unique enter into this Agreement, and thereby subordinate the Bastian Loan, the Unique Loan and certain other "Subordinated Debt" described herein to the obligations evidenced by the Senior Loan Agreement. NOW, THEREFORE, the parties hereto agree as follows: 1. DEFINITIONS AND CONSTRUCTIONS. As used herein, the following terms shall have the definitions set forth after each: "ASSETS" means any interest of Borrower or HP UK in any kind of property or asset, whether real, personal or mixed real and personal, or whether tangible or intangible. -1- "BANKRUPTCY CODE" means Title 11 of the United States Code, as amended from time to time, or any successor statute. "BORROWER" shall include both Hawker Pacific Aerospace and any other person at any time assuming or otherwise becoming primarily liable for all or any part of the obligations of Borrower under the Senior Loan Documents, including without limitation any trustee or debtor-in-possession in any bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving Borrower or such survivor. "CODE" means the Uniform Commercial Code as codified in the State of California or as codified in any other state the laws of which are required by Section 9-103 thereof to be applied in connection with the issue of perfection of security interests, as such statutes are in effect during the term hereof. All terms used in this Agreement which are defined in the Code shall be construed and defined in accordance with the meaning and definition ascribed to such terms under the Code, unless another meaning is specifically provided herein. "COLLATERAL" means Assets with respect to which any Senior Creditor or any Subordinated Creditor has a Lien. "DISTRIBUTION OF ASSETS" means any distribution of Assets of any kind or character, whether in cash, property, or securities, and whether in respect of repayment of indebtedness or otherwise, including, but not limited to, adequate protection payments under the Bankruptcy Code. "HP UK" shall include both Hawker Pacific Aerospace Limited and any other person at any time assuming or otherwise becoming primarily liable for all or any part of the obligations of HP UK under the Senior Loan Documents, including without limitation any trustee or debtor-in-possession in any bankruptcy or similar proceeding involving HP UK or such survivor. "LIEN" means any lien (statutory or other), mortgage, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, security interest, charge or other encumbrance of any kind (including any conditional sale or other title retention agreement, any lease in the nature thereof, and any agreement to give any security interest) and any agreement to give or refrain from giving a lien, mortgage, pledge, hypothecation, assignment, deposit arrangement, security interest, charge or other encumbrance of any kind. "PERSON" means any natural person, sole proprietorship, general partnership, limited partnership, joint venture, trust, unincorporated organization, association, corporation, public authority, or any other organization, irrespective of whether it is a legal entity. -2- "SENIOR DEBT" means (i) all obligations of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries arising under or in connection with the Senior Loan Agreement or any other Senior Loan Document; (ii) all obligations owed pursuant to any interest rate or currency hedging arrangements or other derivative contracts entered into with the Bank; (iii) all obligations of HP UK arising under or in connection with the Intercompany Note referred to in the Loan Agreement, and (iv) all renewals, extensions, refinancings, refundings, amendments, restatements, supplements, and modifications of all of the foregoing obligations. "SENIOR DEFAULT" means any "Event of Default" as defined in the Senior Loan Agreement. "SENIOR LOAN DOCUMENTS" means the "Loan Documents" as defined in the Senior Loan Agreement. "SUBORDINATED CREDITORS" means Unique, Bastian, and any other present or future holder of any Subordinated Debt. "SUBORDINATED DEBT" means all indebtedness, claims, debts, liabilities, or obligations (i) of Borrower arising under or in connection with the Unique Note, (ii) of Unique arising under or in connection with the Bastian Note, and (iii) of Borrower or HP UK otherwise owing to any Subordinated Creditor of any kind whatsoever; in each case whatever nature, character or description, and whether presently existing or arising hereafter, including without limitation, all management and similar fees, all contract and tort claims that a Subordinated Creditor may have in connection therewith; together with interest and fees accruing thereon and costs and expenses (including attorneys' fees and expenses) of collection thereof, and all renewals, extensions, refinancings, refundings, amendments, restatements, supplements, and modifications thereof. 2. SUBORDINATION. 2.1 DEBT. Each Subordinated Creditor covenants and agrees that all payments of the Subordinated Debt shall be subordinated and junior in all respects to the prior payment in full, in cash, of all Senior Debt except that interest may be paid with respect to the Subordinated Debt and Permitted Management Fees (as defined in the Loan Agreement) in accordance with Section 2.3 hereof. No Subordinated Creditor shall have or assert any claim with respect to the Subordinated Debt until the payment in full and in cash of the Senior Debt, except as explicitly permitted by Section 2.3 of this Agreement. 2.2 LIENS. Each Subordinated Creditor covenants and agrees that the Subordinated Debt shall remain unsecured at all times; and that any lien or security interest created in favor of such Subordinated Creditor notwithstanding this Agreement -3- shall be (a) held by such Subordinated Creditor in trust for the exclusive benefit of Bank and the holders, from time to time, of the Senior Loan Documents, and (b) terminated and released, or at Bank's election assigned to Bank, immediately upon the demand of Bank and pursuant to documentation satisfactory to Bank. 2.3 PERMITTED PAYMENTS. Notwithstanding the subordination of the Subordinated Debt to the Senior Debt hereunder, (x) Unique may pay and Bastian may accept scheduled payments of accrued interest coming due under the Bastian Note, to the extent funded from payments to Unique permitted by this Section 2.3; and (y) Borrower may pay and Unique may accept scheduled monthly payments of accrued interest coming due under the Unique Note, provided that: (i) no such payment shall be made at any time after the occurrence and during the pendency of any Senior Default or any of the other prohibitions described in either Section 2.4.1 or Section 2.4.2; (ii) the initial payment shall be made with respect to the calendar month of March, 1998; and (iii) Permitted Management Fees may be paid when no Senior Default exists. 2.4 PRIORITY AND PAYMENT OVER OF PROCEEDS IN CERTAIN EVENTS. 2.4.1 SUBORDINATION ON DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION OR REORGANIZATION OF BORROWER. Upon any Distribution of Assets in the event of any dissolution or winding up or total or partial liquidation or reorganization, whether voluntary or involuntary, or adjustment or protection or relief or composition of Borrower or any of its Subsidiaries, or of Borrower's or its Subsidiaries' debts, or in any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership, arrangement, reorganization, relief or other proceeding of Borrower or its Subsidiaries, or upon an arrangement for the benefit of creditors of Borrower or its Subsidiaries or any other marshaling of the assets and liabilities of Borrower or its Subsidiaries: (a) all amounts payable under or on account of the Senior Debt shall first be paid in full, in cash or payment provided for in cash, before the holders of Subordinated Debt shall be entitled to receive any Distribution of Assets; and (b) before any payment may be made on account of the Subordinated Debt, any such Distribution of Assets to which Bastian would be entitled, except for the provisions of this Section 2.4.1, shall be made directly to Bank to the extent necessary to pay all Senior Debt in full, in cash, after giving effect to any concurrent payment or distribution -4- to Bank. In the case of a non-cash Distribution of Assets with respect to the Subordinated Debt which is delivered to Bank under this Section 2.4.1, the Senior Debt shall be deemed satisfied in the amount equal to the cash realized by Bank upon disposition of such Distribution of Assets; until such disposition, the non-cash Distribution of Assets shall be held as security for the Senior Debt. Bank shall have no duty hereunder to sell or otherwise reduce to cash any non-cash Distribution of Assets turned over by any Subordinated Creditor in accordance with this Section 2.4.1 and shall have no liability to any Subordinated Creditor with respect to any such sale or other disposition, under the Code or otherwise, except for liability arising from Bank's willful misconduct or gross negligence, and such sale or other disposition shall not affect Bank's rights and remedies hereunder. Borrower and HP UK shall give prompt written notice to Bank and Bastian of any Distribution of Assets of the nature described in this Section. Bank is hereby irrevocably authorized and empowered (in its own name or in the name of any or all Subordinated Creditors or otherwise), but shall have no obligation, to demand, sue for, collect and receive every Distribution of Assets and give acquittance therefor and to file claims and proofs of claim in respect of the Subordinated Debt and take such other action (including, without limitation, voting the Subordinated Debt or enforcing any Lien securing payment of the Subordinated Debt) on behalf of any or all Subordinated Creditors as it may deem necessary or advisable for the exercise or enforcement of any of its rights or interests hereunder. Each Subordinated Creditor shall promptly take such action as Bank may request (i) to collect the Subordinated Debt for the account of Bank and to file appropriate claims or proofs of claim in respect of the Subordinated Debt; (ii) to execute and deliver to Bank such powers of attorney, assignments, or other instruments as it. may request in order to enable it to enforce any and all claims with respect to, and any Liens securing payment of, the Subordinated Debt, and (iii) to collect and receive any and all Distribution of Assets which may be payable or deliverable upon or with respect to the Subordinated Debt. 2.4.2 SUBORDINATION ON SENIOR DEFAULT. If a Senior Default has occurred and is continuing, no Subordinated Creditor may receive payment under or on account of the Subordinated Debt, directly or indirectly, in cash or other property or by set-off or in any other manner, commencing upon the date of receipt by such Subordinated Creditor from Bank of a notice of the Senior Default or its actual notice thereof. The prohibition on Subordinated Debt payments shall end on the earlier of (a) the waiver of the Senior Default by Bank, or (b) the cure of the Senior Default to the satisfaction of Bank. Immediately following the termination of any such prohibition, all payments of -5- Subordinated Debt which, but for such prohibition, each Subordinated Creditor would have been entitled to receive, shall be immediately due and payable, to the extent not otherwise prohibited or limited by the terms hereof. 3. FORBEARANCE AND STANDSTILL. 3.1 Until the Senior Debt is paid in full, in cash and the Senior Loan Agreement is terminated or expires, or unless requested by Bank, no Subordinated Creditor shall, without Bank's prior written consent, such consent to be given or withheld in Bank's sole and absolute discretion: (a) assert, collect or enforce the Subordinated Debt or any of the amounts due thereunder, or exercise any right of set-off; (b) exercise its right of possession of any Collateral or attach, seize, or realize upon any Collateral or enforce any Lien against the Assets; (c) exercise any right under the Code, including, but not limited to, the right of strict foreclosure, but excluding the right of redemption; or (d) commence, or cause to commence, prosecute or participate in (other than participate in an action, once commenced, to protect and pursue its rights and remedies as, for example, exercising its rights in a bankruptcy proceeding as described in Section 8 hereof) any administrative, legal or equitable action against Borrower or HP UK or any administrative, legal or equitable action that might adversely affect Borrower or HP UK or their respective interests, including, but not limited to, the entry of a decree or order for relief in respect of either Borrower or HP UK under Bankruptcy Code or any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect or the appointment of a receiver, liquidator, custodian, trustee, sequestrator or similar official of either Borrower or HP UK or for any substantial part of the Assets, the commencement by either Borrower or HP UK of a voluntary case under Bankruptcy Code or any applicable bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law now or hereafter in effect, or the consent by either company to the entry of an order for relief in an involuntary case under any such law, or the consent by either company to the appointment of, or taking possession by, a receiver, liquidator, trustee, custodian, sequestrator (or similar official) or any of them for any substantial part of the Assets, or either company's admission in writing of its inability to pay its debts generally, or the making of any general assignment for the benefit of creditors, or the failure generally by either company to pay its debts as they become due, or the taking by either company of any action in furtherance of any of the foregoing. 3.2 If any Subordinated Creditor, other than in accordance with this Section 3, commences, prosecutes or participates in any suit, action or proceeding against Borrower or HP UK or takes any other action in violation of this Section 3, either company may interpose as a defense or a dilatory plea the making of this Agreement and Bank may intervene and interpose such defense or plea in such company's name. 3.3 Each Subordinated Creditor jointly and severally agrees that it shall reimburse Bank upon demand for all fees and expenses Bank incurs in connection -6- with any breach by any Subordinated Creditor of this Section 3, including, but not limited to, the fees and expenses incurred in removing from a Subordinated Creditor's possession any Collateral or other Assets held in breach of this Section 3. 4. DISPOSITION OF COLLATERAL. Upon any foreclosure upon, or realization or collection in respect of any Collateral, all Senior Debt shall first be satisfied in full in cash before any Subordinated Creditor shall be entitled to receive or retain any proceeds or assets from such foreclosure, realization or collection. 5. PAYMENTS AND/OR PROPERTY HELD IN TRUST. If (a) any payment or any cash or noncash distribution is made to any Subordinated Creditor in violation of this Agreement or (b) any cash or other property is received by any Subordinated Creditor upon any disposition or other action with respect to any of the Collateral, including, but not limited to, converting accounts receivable, instruments and chattel paper to cash, in violation of this Agreement, before the Senior Debt is paid in full, in cash, then such Subordinated Creditor shall receive the same in trust for Bank's benefit and shall forthwith remit it to Bank in the form in which it was received, together with such endorsements or documents as may be necessary to effectively negotiate or transfer the same, to the extent necessary to pay in full, in cash, the Senior Debt, after giving effect to any other payment or distribution with respect to the Senior Debt. 6. REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS. Each Subordinated Creditor represents and warrants that it has not entered into any subordination agreement with respect to the Subordinated Debt prior to the execution and delivery of this Agreement. Each Subordinated Creditor covenants not to enter into any subordination agreement with respect to the Subordinated Debt without Bank's prior written consent, to be given or withheld in Bank's sole and absolute discretion. Any such subsequent subordination shall be, and shall be expressed to be, subject and subordinate to the terms of this Agreement. Each Subordinated Creditor represents and warrants that it has not previously assigned any interest in the Subordinated Debt, that no other Person (whether as a joint holder of the Subordinated Debt, participant or otherwise) owns any interest in the Subordinated Debt. 7. RIGHTS OF BANK NOT TO BE IMPAIRED, ETC. 7.1 No right of Bank to enforce the subordination and other terms and conditions provided herein shall at any time in any way be prejudiced or impaired by any act or failure to act by Bank, or by any non-compliance by Borrower with the terms and provisions and covenants herein, regardless of any knowledge thereof Bank may have or with which Bank may otherwise be charged. Bank shall not be prejudiced in its right to enforce the subordination and other terms and conditions of the Subordinated Debt by any act or failure to act by Borrower, any Subordinated Creditor or any other Person in custody of any of the Assets. -7- 7.2 Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, each Subordinated Creditor, for the benefit of Bank, waives any right it may have to require Bank to (a) proceed against any Person, including Borrower and HP UK; (b) proceed against or exhaust any security held from Borrower or HP UK, or any other Person; or (c) pursue any other remedy in Bank's power. 7.3 Each Subordinated Creditor further waives, for the benefit of Bank, any defense or cause of action based upon or arising by reason of (a) any disability or other defense of Borrower or HP UK or any other Person; (b) the cessation or limitation from any cause whatsoever, other than payment in full, of the Senior Debt; (c) any lack of authority of any officer, director, partner, agent or any other Person acting or purporting to act on behalf of Borrower or HP UK; (d) any act or omission by Bank which directly or indirectly results in or aids the discharge of Borrower or HP UK from any Senior Debt by operation of-law or otherwise; (e) any failure by Bank or its agents to use reasonable care in the custody and preservation of Collateral in the possession of Bank or its agents which directly or indirectly impairs or diminishes the value of the Liens securing the Subordinated Debt; (f) any failure by Bank to give notice to any Subordinated Creditor of a proposed sale of any of the Collateral or to conduct a commercially reasonable sale of any of the collateral; or (g) any failure by Bank or its agents to fulfill any duty which may be owed to or asserted by any Subordinated Creditor with respect to any of the Collateral. 7.4 Each Subordinated Creditor agrees that Bank shall have the right to apply the proceeds of any disposition of Collateral in the manner Bank determines, in its sole and absolute discretion, including, but not limited to, payment of obligations of Borrower to Persons other than Bank and the Subordinated Creditors, prior to full satisfaction of the Senior Debt and the Subordinated Debt. 7.5 Each Subordinated Creditor agrees that (a) Bank shall have no obligation to marshal any Collateral in favor of any Person; and (b) Bank shall not be liable to any Subordinated Creditor for any action or failure to act in exercising its rights and remedies under this Agreement, the Senior Loan Documents or against any of the Collateral. Each Subordinated Creditor further agrees, for the benefit of Bank, not to commence or prosecute any cause of action against Bank with respect to the Collateral, any duty of Bank to such Subordinated Creditor or otherwise arising with respect to the Subordinated Debt or this Agreement for which the waivers contained herein are not effective unless and until Bank has sold or otherwise disposed of all the Collateral, and each Subordinated Creditor waives any right to recover punitive or consequential damages in any such action. 7.6 Each Subordinated Creditor (a) consents to any extension or renewal of the Liens securing the Senior Debt, (b) waives any right to cure any Senior Default, whether by payment of any portion of the Senior Debt or otherwise, (c) waives any right to set aside or otherwise legally challenge any foreclosure sale or -8- other exercise of rights and remedies by Bank, and (d) waives any right to redeem any Collateral foreclosed or otherwise disposed of by Bank. 7.7 Each Subordinated Creditor agrees that Bank shall not be a fiduciary or an agent of such Subordinated Creditor, or otherwise owe any duty thereto, by virtue of any provision of this Agreement or Bank's exercise, or failure to exercise, any right hereunder. 8. CONDUCT OF BANKRUPTCY PROCEEDING. 8.1 In any bankruptcy, insolvency, receivership or other similar proceeding of Borrower or HP UK, each Subordinated Creditor hereby irrevocably constitutes and appoints Bank its true and lawful attorney to act in its name and stead: 8.1.1 To file the appropriate claim or claims in respect of the Subordinated Debt on behalf of that Subordinated Creditor if that Subordinated Creditor does not do so prior to 30 days before the expiration of the time to file claims in such proceeding and if Bank elects, in its sole and absolute discretion, to file such claim or claims; and 8.1.2 To accept or reject any plan of reorganization or arrangement on behalf of that Subordinated Creditor and to otherwise vote that Subordinated Creditor's claims in respect of any Subordinated Debt now or hereafter owing from Borrower or HP UK in any manner which Bank deems appropriate for the enforcement of its rights hereunder. 8.2 Each Subordinated Creditor agrees that Bank may consent to the use of cash collateral or provide financing to Borrower or HP UK on such terms and conditions and in such amounts as Bank, in its sole and absolute discretion, may decide and that, in connection with such cash collateral usage or such financing, Borrower or HP UK (or a trustee appointed for the estates thereof) may grant to Bank Liens upon all Assets, which Liens (a) shall secure payment of all Senior Debt (whether such Senior Debt arose prior to the filing of the petition for relief under Bankruptcy Code or arise thereafter); and (b) shall be superior in priority to the Liens held by any Subordinated Creditor on the Assets. All allocations of payments between Bank and the Subordinated Creditors shall, subject to any court order, continue to be made after the filing of a petition under Bankruptcy Code on the same basis that the payments were to be allocated prior to the date of such filing. Each Subordinated Creditor agrees that they will not object to or oppose a sale or other disposition of any Assets securing the Senior Debt (or any portion thereof) free and clear of Liens or other claims of the Subordinated Creditors under Section 363 of Bankruptcy Code or any other provision of Bankruptcy Code if Bank has consented to such sale or disposition of such Assets. Each Subordinated Creditor agrees not to assert any right it may have to "adequate protection" of its Liens with respect to any of the Assets in any bankruptcy proceeding -9- and agrees that it will not seek to have the automatic stay lifted with respect to such Liens, without Bank's prior written consent, given in its sole and absolute discretion. Each Subordinated Creditor agrees not to initiate or prosecute or encourage any other Person to initiate or prosecute any claim, action or other proceeding (i) challenging the enforceability of Bank's claim, (ii) challenging the enforceability of any Liens in Assets securing the Senior Debt, or (iii) asserting any claims which Borrower or HP UK may hold with respect to Bank. 9. MODIFICATION OF SUBORDINATED DEBT. No amendment or modification of the Bastian Note, the Unique note, or any other agreement or instrument in favor of a Subordinated Creditor shall directly or indirectly modify the provisions of this Agreement in any manner which might terminate or impair the subordination of the Subordinated Debt or the subordination of any Liens granted thereunder in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. By way of example, the Subordinated Creditors may not amend any of the foregoing agreements or instruments to (a) increase the rate of interest with respect to the Subordinated Debt, (b) accelerate the payment of principal or interest or any other portion of the Subordinated Debt, or (c) increase any payments due to any Subordinated Creditor thereunder. 10. SUBORDINATED DEBT ACCELERATION. In the event of any acceleration of all or any portion of the Subordinated Debt and so long as such acceleration shall continue, all Senior Debt shall be paid in full, in cash, before any payment is made on account of the Subordinated Debt. 11. SUBROGATION. Upon the payment in full, in cash, of the Senior Debt and the termination or expiration of the Senior Loan Agreement by the Subordinated Creditors, the Subordinated Creditors shall be subrogated to the rights of Bank to receive any Distribution of Assets made on account of the Senior Debt to the extent that distributions otherwise payable to the Subordinated Creditors have been applied to payment of Senior Debt, until the Subordinated Debt shall be paid in full; and for the purposes of such subrogation, no Distribution of Assets to Bank of any cash, property, or securities to which the holders of Subordinated Debt would be entitled except for the provisions hereof, and no payment paid over pursuant to the provisions of Section 5 to Bank by the Subordinated Creditors shall, as among Borrower, HP UK, their respective creditors, and the Subordinated Creditors, be deemed to be a payment by Borrower and HP UK on account of such Senior Debt. Bank shall have no liability to the Subordinated Creditors, and the subordination and other provisions of this Agreement shall not be affected by, any act or omission by Bank, prior to payment in full of the Senior Debt and the termination or expiration of the Senior Loan Agreement, which affect in any way the Subordinated Creditors' subrogation rights hereunder. 12. OBLIGATIONS OF BORROWER AND HP UK UNCONDITIONAL. Nothing contained in this Agreement is intended to or shall, as among Borrower, HP UK or their -10- respective creditors (other than Bank and the Subordinated Creditors): (a) impair the obligations of Borrower and HP UK, which obligations are absolute and unconditional, to pay the Subordinated Debt as and when the same shall become due and payable in accordance with its terms; or (b) affect the relative rights of the Subordinated Creditors and other creditors of Borrower and HP UK (other than between the Subordinated Creditors and Bank). 13. FURTHER ASSURANCES. Each Subordinated Creditor shall mark all evidence of the Subordinated Debt with a legend "THIS INSTRUMENT IS SUBJECT TO A DEBT SUBORDINATION AGREEMENT IN FAVOR OF BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION DATED AS OF JANUARY __, 1998." Each Subordinated Creditor agrees to take such actions and execute, acknowledge and deliver, or cause to be executed, acknowledged and delivered, such documents as are reasonably requested by Bank to effectuate and carry out the purposes of this Agreement and the subordination provisions hereunder, so long as any such acts are consistent with and do not impose terms of subordination more onerous than the terms hereof. 14. MODIFICATION AND EXPANSION OF SENIOR DEBT. Notwithstanding any term of the Subordinated Debt to the contrary, Bank may (a) grant extensions of time of payment or performance of any Senior Debt, (b) make compromises and settlements with Borrower and other Persons regarding any Senior Debt, and (c) increase, expand and/or modify any Senior Debt without the consent of the Subordinated Creditor, and without affecting this Agreement and its rights hereunder. No action that Bank may take, or refrain from taking, with respect to the Senior Debt or any Collateral therefor or any agreements in connection therewith, shall affect this Agreement or Bank's rights hereunder. 15. DISCONTINUATION OF CREDIT. If, at any time hereafter, Bank shall, in Bank's sole and absolute judgment, determine to discontinue the extension of credit to Borrower, Bank may do so in accordance with the terms and provisions of the Senior Loan Agreement. Such discontinuation notwithstanding, this Agreement shall continue in full force and effect until the Senior Debt shall have been paid in full in cash and the Senior Loan Agreement terminates or expires. 16. CONTINUED EFFECTIVENESS OF SUBORDINATION. If, at any time after payment in full of the Senior Debt in cash and the termination or expiration of the Senior Loan Agreement any such payments must be disgorged by Bank for any reason whatsoever (including, without limitation, the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower or HP UK) this Agreement and the relative rights and priorities provided herein shall be reinstated as to all such disgorged payments as though such payments had not been made and each Subordinated Creditor shall immediately pay over or deliver to Bank all payments and distributions received by the Subordinated Creditors to the extent necessary to pay in full, in cash, all amounts payable in connection with -11- the Senior Debt as if this Agreement had remained in full force and effect; provided, however, that the Subordinated Creditors shall not be required to turn over such payments to the extent that the Subordinated Creditors have also been required to disgorge Subordinated Debt payments to Borrower or HP UK. If, at any time prior to payment in full of the Senior Debt in cash and the termination or expiration of the Senior Loan Agreement any such payments must be disgorged by Bank for any reason whatsoever (including, without limitation, the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower or HP UK) the Subordinated Creditors shall immediately pay over or deliver to Bank all payments and distributions received by the Subordinated Creditors to the extent necessary to pay in full, in cash, the disgorged payments; provided, however, that the Subordinated Creditors shall not be required to turn over such payments to the extent that the Subordinated Creditors have also been required to disgorged Subordinated Debt payments to Borrower or HP UK. The obligations of Borrower, HP UK and the Subordinated Creditors hereunder shall continue irrespective of, and Borrower, HP UK and the Subordinated Creditors hereby waive, so far as the law permits, any existing or future statutes of limitations applicable thereto or applicable to the enforcement of indebtedness and liability of Borrower or HP UK, and any Collateral therefor. 17. ACCELERATION. If Borrower, HP UK or any Subordinated Creditor violates any of the provisions of this Agreement, Bank may elect, by notice in writing delivered to the Borrower, HP UK or the Subordinated Creditors, to declare a Senior Default and cause all Senior Debt to become immediately due and payable. 18. IMPAIRMENT OF SENIOR DEBT OR LIEN. No court or other action which has the effect of voiding, impairing, equitably subordinating or otherwise adversely affecting the Senior Debt or the Lien securing the Senior Debt, whether upon the insolvency, bankruptcy or reorganization of Borrower, HP UK or otherwise, shall affect Bank's rights hereunder or any of the Subordinated Creditors' waivers, covenants or obligations hereunder. 19. BREACH OF DUTY OR OBLIGATION TO THE SUBORDINATED CREDITORS. No breach by Bank of any duty or obligation owed to any Subordinated Creditor (should any such duty exist), whether under this Agreement or otherwise, nor any determination that Bank has any liability to the Subordinated Creditors, whether under this Agreement or otherwise, shall affect Bank's rights hereunder or any of the Subordinated Creditors' waivers, covenants or obligations hereunder. 20. WAIVER OF JURY TRIAL. EACH OF THE SUBORDINATED CREDITORS, BANK, HP UK AND Borrower EACH WAIVE ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION OR PROCEEDING RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT OR ANY TRANSACTION HEREUNDER. EACH PARTY HERETO HEREBY CONFIRMS THAT SUCH WAIVERS ARE INFORMED AND FREELY MADE. -12- 21. REMEDIES. Each Subordinating Creditor agrees and acknowledges that any violation or threatened violation by the Subordinating Creditors of any term of this Agreement will cause irreparable injury to Bank, that the remedy at law of Bank for any such violation or threatened violation will be inadequate and that Bank shall be entitled to obtain an injunction prohibiting the continuance or reoccurrence of such violation or threatened violation, and not in limitation of, any other rights or remedies available at law or in equity. Each Subordinating Creditor hereby irrevocably waives any defense based on the adequacy of a remedy at law which might be asserted as a bar to such injunctive remedy. 22. AGREEMENT BY BORROWER. Borrower agrees that it will not, and it will not permit any affiliate or subsidiary to, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any of the Subordinated Debt or make any payment of any of the Subordinated Debt, or take any other action, in contravention of the provisions of this Agreement. 23. MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS. 23.1 NO THIRD PARTY BENEFICIARIES. All of the understandings, covenants and agreements contained herein are solely for the benefit of Bank, Unique Bastian (and their respective successors and assigns) and there are no other persons which are intended to be benefitted in any way by this Agreement. 23.2 NOTICES. All notices, demands and other communications which a party may desire, or may be required, to give to another shall be in writing, shall be delivered personally against receipt, or sent by recognized overnight courier service, or mailed by registered or certified mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, or sent by telex or telecopy, and shall be addressed to the party to be notified as follows: If to Bank: 675 Anton Boulevard, Second Floor Costa Mesa, California 92626 If to c/o Unique Investment Corporation Subordinated 1380 Vernon Street Lenders: Anaheim, California 92805 If to As set forth in the Senior Loan Agreement Borrower or HP UK: Any such notice, demand, or communication shall be deemed given when received if personally delivered or sent by overnight courier, or when deposited in the United States mails, postage prepaid, if sent by registered or certified mail, or when answer back received, if sent by telex or telecopier. The address for a party may be changed by notice given in accordance with this subsection. -13- 23.3 CHOICE OF LAW. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California without reference to the choice of laws or conflicts of laws principles thereof. 23.4 SUCCESSORS AND ASSIGNS. This Agreement shall be binding upon, and shall inure to the benefit of, the participants, transferees, successors, and permitted assigns of the parties hereto. Each Subordinating Creditor further agrees that if Borrower or HP UK is in the process of refinancing a portion of the Senior Debt with a new lender, and if Bank makes a request of the Subordinating Creditors, the Subordinating Creditors shall agree to enter into a new subordination agreement with the new lender on substantially the terms and conditions of this Agreement. 23.5 SEVERABILITY. Wherever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of this Agreement shall be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of such provision or the remaining provisions of this Agreement. 23.6 WAIVERS. No failure on the part of Bank to exercise, no delay in exercising and no course of dealing with respect to, any right hereunder shall operate as a waiver thereof; nor shall any single or partial exercise of any right hereunder preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right. 23.7 ATTORNEYS' FEES. If it becomes necessary for Bank or the Subordinating Creditors to commence any proceedings or actions to enforce the provisions of this Agreement, the court or body before which the same shall be brought shall award to the prevailing party therein all of its costs and expenses in prosecuting such proceedings and actions, including attorneys' fees, the usual and customary and lawfully recoverable court costs, and all the expenses in connection therewith. 23.8 ENTIRE AGREEMENT; MODIFICATIONS. This Agreement contains all of the terms and conditions agreed upon by the parties relating to its subject matter and supersedes all prior and contemporaneous agreements, negotiations, correspondence, understandings and communications of the parties, whether oral or written, respecting that subject matter. No modification, rescission, waiver, release, or amendment of any provision of this Agreement shall be made, except by a written agreement signed by Bank and the Subordinated Creditors. 23.9 COUNTERPARTS. This Agreement may be signed in any number of counterparts, each of which will constitute an original, and all of which, taken together, shall constitute but one and the same agreement. -14- 23.10 AMENDMENTS TO NOTES. None of the parties to this Agreement other than Bank shall enter into any amendment, modification or waiver with respect to the Subordinated Debt without the express prior written consent of the Bank. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the date first set forth above. /s/ Melanie L. Bastian - - --------------------------------- MELANIE L. BASTIAN, an individual HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE By: /s/ Brian Aune ------------------------------ Title: CFO --------------------------- HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE LIMITED By: /s/ David L. Lokken ------------------------------ Title: --------------------------- UNIQUE INVESTMENTS CORPORATION By: /s/ [ILLEGIBLE] ------------------------------ Title: CFO --------------------------- BANK OF AMERICA NATIONAL TRUST AND SAVINGS ASSOCIATION By: /s/ [ILLEGIBLE] ------------------------------ Title: Vice President --------------------------- -15- [Attach Subordinated Notes] -16- EX-27 10 EXHIBIT 27
5 THIS SCHEDULE CONTAINS SUMMARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION EXTRACTED FROM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF HAWKER PACIFIC AEROSPACE FOR THE YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1997 AND IS QUALIFIED IN ITS ENTIRETY BY REFERENCE TO SUCH FINANCIAL STATEMENTS. YEAR DEC-31-1997 JAN-01-1997 DEC-31-1997 160,000 0 7,498,000 147,000 14,814,000 22,645,000 17,380,000 1,230,000 40,898,000 18,901,000 0 0 2,000,000 1,040,000 1,257,000 40,898,000 41,042,000 41,042,000 31,430,000 31,430,000 32,000 147,000 2,431,000 1,255,000 467,000 788,000 0 0 0 788,000 .25 .25
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