In accordance with the provisions of fair value accounting, a fair value measurement assumes that the transaction to sell an asset or transfer a liability occurs in the principal market for the asset or liability or, in the absence of a principal market, the most advantageous market for the asset or liability and defines fair value based upon an exit price model.

The fair value measurement guidance establishes a fair value hierarchy which requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. The guidance describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value:

Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the reporting date. Active markets are those in which transactions for the asset or liability occur in sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Level 2 Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 2 assets and liabilities include debt securities with quoted prices that are traded less frequently than exchange-traded instruments or securities or derivative contracts that are valued using a pricing model with inputs that are observable in the market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 assets and liabilities include financial instruments whose value is determined using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies, or similar techniques, as well as instruments for which the determination of fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the Company categorizes such assets and liabilities based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. The Company’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Assets and liabilities of the Company are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of March 31, 2024 and are summarized as follows:


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Description	March 31, 2024		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	370	$	370	$	—	$	—
Time deposits		13		—		13		—
Available-for-sale securities:
Time deposits and certificates of deposit		1		—		1		—
Group insurance contracts		6		—		6		—
Derivatives
Foreign exchange forward contracts		6		—		6		—
Interest rate hedges - current		21		—		21
Interest rate hedges - non-current		46		—		46		—
Pension and deferred compensation plan assets		19		—		19		—
Total assets	$	482	$	370	$	112	$	—
Liabilities:
Derivatives
Foreign exchange forward contracts	$	1	$	—	$	1	$	—
Total liabilities	$	1	$	—	$	1	$	—
Reported as follows:
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents(1)	$	383	$	370	$	13	$	—
Short-term investments		1		—		1		—
Other current assets		27		—		27		—
Total current assets	$	411	$	370	$	41	$	—
Other assets	$	71	$	—	$	71	$	—
Liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	1	$	—	$	1	$	—

(1) The cash and cash equivalents amount presented in the table above does not include cash of $462 as of March 31, 2024.

Assets and liabilities of the Company are measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023 and are summarized as follows:


			Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
Description	December 31, 2023		Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets (Level 1)		Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)		Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds	$	356	$	356	$	—	$	—
Time deposits		12		—		12		—
Available-for-sale securities:
Group insurance contracts		6		—		6		—
Derivatives
Foreign exchange forward contracts		2		—		2		—
Interest rate hedge - current		3		—		3		—
Interest rate hedge - non-current		41		—		41		—
Pension and deferred compensation plan assets		19		—		19		—
Total assets	$	439	$	356	$	83	$	—
Liabilities:
Derivatives
Foreign exchange forward contracts	$	5	$	—	$	5	$	—
Total liabilities	$	5	$	—	$	5	$	—
Reported as follows:
Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents (1)	$	368	$	356	$	12	$	—
Other current assets		5		—		5		—
Total current assets	$	373	$	356	$	17	$	—
Other assets	$	66	$	—	$	66	$	—
Liabilities:
Other current liabilities	$	5	$	—	$	5	$	—

(1) The cash and cash equivalents amount presented in the table above does not include cash of $507 as of December 31, 2023.

The estimated carrying value and fair value of the Company’s debt was determined using available market information based on recent trades or activity of debt instruments with substantially similar risks, terms and maturities, which fall within Level 2 under the fair value hierarchy.

The pension and deferred compensation plan assets represent investments in mutual funds, exchange traded funds, government securities and other time deposits. These investments are set aside for retirement benefits of certain of the Company’s subsidiaries.

As a result of the Company’s global operating activities and variable interest rate borrowings, the Company is exposed to market risks from changes in foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates, which may adversely affect its operating results and financial position. When deemed appropriate, the Company minimizes its risks from foreign currency exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations through the use of derivative financial instruments. The principal market in which the

Company executes its foreign currency and interest rate contracts is the institutional market in an over-the-counter environment with a relatively high level of price transparency. The market participants are typically large commercial banks. The contracts are valued using broker quotations or market transactions.