The Company provides for the estimated costs to fulfill customer warranty obligations upon the recognition of the related revenue. The Company's warranty obligations are affected by shipment volume, product failure rates, utilization levels, material usage and supplier warranties on parts delivered to the Company. Should actual product failure rates, utilization levels, material usage, or supplier warranties on parts differ from the Company's estimates, revisions to the estimated warranty liability would be required. The Company engages in extensive product quality programs and processes, including actively monitoring and evaluating the quality of its component suppliers.

Product warranty activities were as follows:


	Years Ended December 31,
	2022			2021
Beginning balance	$	21		$	18
Provision for product warranties		31			38
Assumed product warranty liability from Photon Control Acquisition		—			1
Assumed product warranty liability from Atotech Acquisition		5			—
Direct and other charges to warranty liability		(30	)		(36	)
Ending balance	$	27		$	21

Short-term product warranties of $19 and long-term product warranties of $8, each as of December 31, 2022, are included within other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities, respectively, within the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. Short-term product warranties of $20 and long-term product warranties of $1, each as of December 31, 2021, are included within other current liabilities and other non-current liabilities, respectively, within the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.