20-F 1 d20f.htm ICOS FORM 20-F ICOS FORM 20-F
Table of Contents

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


 

FORM 20-F

 


 

(Mark One)

 

¨ REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR (g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

OR

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003.

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from              to             

 

Commission File Number 0-29554

 


 

ICOS VISION SYSTEMS CORPORATION NV

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

ICOS VISION SYSTEMS CORPORATION NV

(Translation of Registrant’s name into English)

 


 

Belgium

(Jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

 

Researchpark Haasrode, Zone 1

Esperantolaan 8

3001 Heverlee, Belgium

(Address of principal executive offices)

 


 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

 

Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Common Stock, no par value

 

Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act: None

 

Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuer’s classes of capital or common stock as of December 31, 2003: 10,507,810 shares of Common Stock.

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:  Yes  x    No  ¨

 

Indicate by check mark which financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:  Item 17  ¨    Item 18  x

 



Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

ITEM 1.

 

IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS

   2

ITEM 2.

 

OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE

   2

ITEM 3.

 

KEY INFORMATION

   2

ITEM 4.

 

INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY

   14

ITEM 5.

 

OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS

   28

ITEM 6.

 

DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES

   36

ITEM 7.

 

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

   42

ITEM 8.

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   44

ITEM 9.

 

THE OFFER AND LISTING

   45

ITEM 10.

 

ADDITIONAL INFORMATION

   47

ITEM 11.

 

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

   53

ITEM 12.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES

   53

ITEM 13.

 

DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES

   54

ITEM 14.

 

MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS

   54

ITEM 15.

 

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

   54

ITEM 16A.

 

AUDIT COMMITTEE FINANCIAL EXPERT

   55

ITEM 16B.

 

CODE OF ETHICS

   55

ITEM 16C.

 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

   55

ITEM 17.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   57

ITEM 18.

 

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

   57

ITEM 19.

 

EXHIBITS

   58

SIGNATURES

   59

 

i


Table of Contents

EXPLANATORY NOTE

 

ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV is a Belgian corporation. We prepare our consolidated financial statements in Euro and in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). In this Annual Report on Form 20-F (“Annual Report”), references to “Euro” or “€”‘ are to the Euro, the lawful currency of participating members of the European Community, including Belgium and Germany, references to “U.S. dollars”‘ or “$”‘ are to the lawful currency of the United States, references to “JPY” or “Japanese yen’” are to the lawful currency of Japan, references to “Hong Kong dollars” or “HKD” are to the lawful currency of Hong Kong and references to “Singapore dollars” or “SGD” are to the lawful currency of Singapore.

 

For a Glossary of certain terms used in this Annual Report, see the Glossary that appears at the end of Item 4.

 

The ICOS name and logo are United States registered trademarks of the Company. MVS200, MVS340, MVS360, MVS6000, ICOS6000, MVS6202, LIM, MIM, SIM, µLIM, gLIM, LI-2040, LI-2050, LI-3050, LI-7050, CI-3050, CI-5150, CI-5250, CI-8050, CI-8250, CI-8450, CI-9250, CI-9450, CI-G10, BWI-2300, FTI 1200, 3DBGA, LFC, DBC, TCP, QFN, SON, HALE, OneCam, CyberSTEREO, CyberSTEREO II and 3D STEREO are trademarks of the Company. This Report may also contain the trademarks, trade names and service marks of other companies.

 

DISCLAIMER REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include statements of our plans, objectives, expectations and intentions. Also, words such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “plans,” “intends,” or other variations of these terms or comparable terminology, often denote forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

  the anticipated continued recovery and expansion of the markets for our products;

 

  our ability to continue to benefit from that recovery;

 

  our anticipated future operating results;

 

  the timing, availability and expected performance of products under development;

 

  our ability to market such products once developed;

 

  the expected performance of our recently introduced products;

 

  expectations regarding the outcome of our ongoing litigation; and

 

  other statements that we make under the caption “Trend Information” in Item 5.D. below.

 

All forward-looking statements made in this Annual Report are subject to risks and uncertainties, both known and unknown, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated. Therefore, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to differences in our future financial results include those discussed in the Risk Factors set forth in Item 3.D. below as well as those discussed elsewhere in this Annual Report. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report. We expressly disclaim any obligation or undertaking to release publicly any updates or revisions to any forward-looking statement contained in this Annual Report to reflect any change in our expectations or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any of the forward-looking statements are based. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by this disclaimer.

 

1


Table of Contents

PART I

 

ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISORS.

 

Not Applicable

 

ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE.

 

Not Applicable

 

ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION.

 

A. SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA.

 

The selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2003 and 2002 and for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report. The selected consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2001, 2000 and 1999, and for the years ended December 31, 2000 and 1999 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, which are not included in this Annual Report. The data set forth below is qualified by reference to, and should be read in conjunction with, the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto and the discussion thereof included herein.

 

     Years Ended December 31,

 
     2003

    2002

    2001

    2000

    1999

 
     (in thousands of Euro, except per share data)  

Statement of Operations Data:

                              

Revenues

   44,757     30,550     26,463     106,261     45,753  

Cost of goods sold

   19,402     12,208     17,383     44,140     20,527  
    

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

   25,355     18,342     9,080     62,121     25,226  

Operating expenses:

                              

Research and development

   6,506     6,664     7,916     8,256     5,219  

Selling, general and administrative

   12,981     12,003     14,572     19,620     12,493  

Amortization of goodwill

   —       —       256     256     256  
    

 

 

 

 

Total operating expenses

   19,487     18,667     22,744     28,132     17,968  
    

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

   5,868     (325 )   (13,664 )   33,989     7,258  

Other income (expense):

                              

Interest income

   534     742     890     555     411  

Interest expense

   (398 )   (374 )   (62 )   (165 )   (242 )

Other income

   176     117     84     61     160  

Foreign currency exchange gain (loss)

   (212 )   (1,982 )   725     822     1,097  
    

 

 

 

 

Net other income (expense)

   100     (1,497 )   1,637     1,273     1,426  
    

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

   5,968     (1,822 )   (12,027 )   35,262     8,684  

Income taxes

   641     620     (3,293 )   12,792     3,403  
    

 

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

   5,327     (2,442 )   (8,734 )   22,470     5,281  
    

 

 

 

 

Basic net income (loss) per share

   0.51     (0.23 )   (0.83 )   2.14     0.50  
    

 

 

 

 

Basic weighted average number of shares outstanding

   10,508     10,508     10,508     10,508     10,508  

Diluted net income (loss) per share

   0.50     (0.23 )   (0.83 )   2.14     0.50  
    

 

 

 

 

Diluted weighted average number of shares outstanding

   10,595     10,508     10,508     10,508     10,508  

 

     as of December 31,

     2003

   2002

   2001

   2000

   1999

     (in thousands of Euro)

Balance Sheet Data:

                        

Cash and cash equivalents

   29,530    25,880    20,652    22,400    13,336

Working capital

   45,413    41,186    38,664    53,860    31,177

Total assets

   69,729    62,152    59,377    81,931    48,445

Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt and capital lease obligations

   647    619    128    243    246

Long-term debt and capital lease obligations, excluding current portion

   5,171    5,818    387    540    780

Capital Stock

   3,230    3,230    3,230    3,230    3,230

Total stockholders’ equity

   54,052    49,893    51,646    59,609    36,431

 

2


Table of Contents

B. CAPITALIZATION AND INDEBTEDNESS

 

Not Applicable

 

C. REASONS FOR THE OFFER AND USE OF PROCEEDS

 

Not Applicable

 

D. RISK FACTORS.

 

This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. The Company’s actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth in the following Risk Factors and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

 

Risk Factor Relating to Our Industry

 

The cyclical demand of the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries affects our operating results and a continued downturn in these industries may seriously harm our operating results.

 

Virtually all of our revenues are directly or indirectly dependent on capital expenditures by manufacturers in the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries. Capital expenditures by manufacturers in these industries are, in turn, dependent on the current and anticipated market demand for semiconductors and electronic components. Both the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries are highly cyclical and are subject to frequent and significant fluctuations in demand. For example, in 1996 and in 1998, the semiconductor industry experienced significant downturns. As a result of these downturns, manufacturers in this industry sharply decreased their capital expenditures, particularly expenditures in back-end semiconductor manufacturing equipment. Consequently, sales of our products were adversely affected by each of those downturns. Recently, the semiconductor equipment industry again experienced another, severe downturn that adversely affected our operating results from the fourth quarter of 2000 through the first half of the fiscal year 2003. With the increased demand and pick-up of deliveries in this industry in the second half of the fiscal year 2003, it appears that the downturn may have ended. However, we cannot guarantee that the current upturn in the semiconductor industry will continue and, even if it does continue, we cannot guarantee that our revenue growth, profitability or success will track the upturn. Our operations will continue to be dependent on capital expenditures by semiconductor and electronic component manufacturers which, in turn, will continue to be largely dependent on the fluctuating market demand for semiconductors and electronic components. Current and future fluctuations, downturns or slowdowns in the semiconductor or electronic assembly industries could lead to fluctuating and/or reduced revenues, and may cause us to incur losses.

 

3


Table of Contents

Risk Factors Relating to Our Operations

 

Our operating results fluctuate significantly, which could negatively impact our business and our stock price.

 

Our revenues, margins and other operating results can fluctuate significantly from quarter to quarter depending upon a variety of factors, including:

 

  the level of demand for semiconductors and electronic components in general;

 

  cycles in the market for back-end semiconductor manufacturing equipment and electronic components;

 

  availability of components and raw materials;

 

  the timing, rescheduling, cancellation and size of orders from our customer base;

 

  our ability to manufacture, test and deliver products in a timely and cost-effective manner;

 

  the extent of our success in winning competitions for orders;

 

  our failure to anticipate changing customer requirements;

 

  the timing of our new product announcements and introductions, and those of our competitors;

 

  the mix of products we, our suppliers and our competitors sell;

 

  competitive pricing pressures; and

 

  the timing of any acquisitions and related costs.

 

If our revenue and operating results fail to meet quarterly expectations, our stock price may be harmed.

 

Our gross margins may vary greatly depending on competitive pricing pressures and our mix of product sales. Our stand-alone inspection machine products generally have lower margins than our system-level and board-level products. Exchange rate fluctuations and general economic and other conditions affecting the timing of customer orders will also affect our operating results. A substantial portion of revenues in a given quarter may depend on obtaining and fulfilling orders for products to be manufactured and shipped in the same quarter that the orders are received. A delay in shipments near the end of a period, due to customer cancellations, product development delays or delays in obtaining materials, for example, could harm our operating results for that period. Our stock price and business may be harmed if our sales for a particular period are below expected levels.

 

Demand for our products can fluctuate rapidly and unpredictably, which makes it difficult to manage our businesses efficiently and can harm our operating results.

 

Our expense levels are based in part on our expectations of future demand for our products. Many of our expenses, particularly those relating to research and development, capital equipment and ongoing customer service and support, represent significant fixed costs and investments that we may not be willing or able to reduce quickly. The rapid and unpredictable shifts in demand for our products make it difficult to plan manufacturing capacity and business operations efficiently. If demand is significantly below expectations we may be unable rapidly to reduce our fixed costs, which can diminish gross margins and cause losses. A sudden downturn may also leave us with excess inventory, which may be rendered obsolete or overvalued as products evolve during the downturn and demand shifts to newer products or prices fall. For example, as a result of the last industry downturn, we recorded € 6.0 million of inventory write-downs in 2001. Our ability to reduce expenses is further constrained because we must continue to invest in research and development to maintain our competitive position and to maintain service and support for our existing global customer base. Conversely, in sudden upturns, we may incur significant

 

4


Table of Contents

expenses to expedite delivery of components, procure scarce components and outsource additional manufacturing processes. These expenses could reduce our gross margins and overall profitability. Any of these results could seriously harm our business.

 

Our business and operating results may be harmed if we fail to keep pace with the rapid technological developments in our industry or if we fail to introduce new products in a timely and cost-effective manner.

 

The market for our products is characterized by rapidly changing technology. Our future success will depend upon our continued ability, on a timely and cost-effective basis, to enhance our existing products and to develop and introduce new products. These enhanced and new products must satisfy our customers’ constantly changing requirements and adequately address technological developments. Otherwise, our products could be rendered obsolete by new customer requirements that we cannot satisfy or the emergence of new technologies upon which we cannot capitalize. If we fail to develop, manufacture and sell new products and product enhancements in quantities sufficient to offset a decline in revenues from existing products, or to manage product and related inventory transitions successfully, our revenues could significantly decrease and our business could suffer. Our products are increasingly complex and, as a result, significant delays can occur between a product’s initial introduction to the market and commencement of volume production. As technology in the semiconductor industry becomes more sophisticated, we may find it increasingly difficult to design and integrate complex technologies into our systems.

 

Successful product development and introduction depends on a number of factors, including:

 

  accurately identifying and defining new product requirements and market opportunities;

 

  successfully hiring, training and maintaining appropriate research and development personnel;

 

  the definition of a product’s technical specifications;

 

  the successful exploitation of new technologies;

 

  completing and introducing new product designs in a timely manner;

 

  procuring adequate supplies of specialized components;

 

  efficient implementation of assembly processes;

 

  timely transitions to high-volume manufacturing;

 

  product performance in the field;

 

  market acceptance of our products and our customers’ products;

 

  development of a comprehensive, integrated product and marketing strategy; and

 

  efficient implementation and installation, as well as the availability and quality of, technical support services.

 

We must expend significant financial and management resources to develop new and enhance current products. Our inability to select, develop, manufacture and market new products or enhance our existing products could cause us to lose our competitive position and could seriously harm our businesses.

 

Some of our products may contain errors or defects that could result in lost revenue, and delayed or limited market acceptance.

 

Our new products or enhancements, particularly those with high software content, may contain errors or performance problems when first introduced, when new versions are released or even after products or enhancements have been used for a period of time. Despite the comprehensive pre-installation testing we conduct, such defects may be discovered only after a product has been installed and used by customers. Such errors or performance problems could result in expensive and time consuming design modifications, damaged customer relationships and, ultimately, a loss of market share.

 

5


Table of Contents

Because the market for some applications of our products is relatively new, we do not know whether existing and potential customers will purchase these products in sufficient quantities for us to realize profits from these products.

 

The markets for some applications of our products in the back-end semiconductor manufacturing, electronic assembly and related markets are at a relatively early stage of development and customer acceptance. These markets may never develop further and our products may not achieve broad market acceptance. For example, some of our products have only been incorporated in commercially available original equipment manufacturer equipment or sold to end-users on a limited basis. Customers may not accept use of this product for all of its intended applications. If this product fails to penetrate the market sufficiently, we may not realize profits from its sale. Various factors could inhibit growth of the market for, and market acceptance of, our products, including:

 

  the failure of our marketing and sales efforts to demonstrate to our current and prospective original equipment manufacturer customers, their end-users and our end-user customers the various applications, uses and benefits of our products;

 

  customer and end-user reaction to our products;

 

  the price and performance of our products, the products of our original equipment manufacturer customers, and the products of our competitors;

 

  the growth of the back-end semiconductor manufacturing, electronic assembly and related markets; and

 

  continuing increases in the automation and integration requirements for equipment in these markets.

 

The failure or inability of our original equipment manufacturer customers to market or sell our products effectively could harm our business.

 

We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from sales of our products to original equipment manufacturers that incorporate our products into their equipment. Therefore, the revenues we receive from these sales significantly depend on the ability of these original equipment manufacturers to develop, market and sell equipment incorporating our products in a timely, cost-effective manner. We cannot guarantee and have no control over the success of our original equipment manufacturer customers’ development, marketing, and sales efforts. A decrease in their sales volume will directly and adversely affect our sales volume. Furthermore, our original equipment manufacturer customers could develop products that compete with our products. These original equipment manufacturers could give higher priority to the use and sale of their competitive products. In addition, our original equipment manufacturer customers may incorporate competing vision or inspection systems in their products in response to their end-user customer requirements.

 

Our lengthy sales cycle requires us to incur significant expenses with no assurance that we will generate revenues.

 

We generally do not receive exclusive, long-term purchase commitments from our original equipment manufacturer customers. We may spend substantial amounts of time and money in pursuit of sales to original equipment manufacturers and never receive any revenues for our efforts. Original equipment manufacturers demand highly reliable products and often require up to several months to evaluate and test

 

6


Table of Contents

our products before deciding whether to integrate them into their equipment. During this evaluation and testing process, we are frequently required to expend significant engineering, technical, financial and other resources in adapting our products to the original equipment manufacturers’ equipment and proposed applications. The failure of original equipment manufacturers to purchase our products after we expend significant resources toward this end may have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Our operating results would be harmed if one of our key suppliers fails to deliver components for our products.

 

We rely on one or only a limited number of suppliers for certain key components and subassemblies for our products. Our inability to obtain components in required quantities and of acceptable quality could result in significant delays or reductions in product shipments. This could create customer dissatisfaction, cause lost revenues and otherwise materially and adversely affect our operating results. We do not have long-term purchasing arrangements with our suppliers. Obtaining an alternative source of supply of handlers, for example, which are a critical subassembly for most of our stand-alone inspection machine products, could involve significant delays and other costs and may not be available on reasonable terms, if at all. The failure of a component supplier or contract assembler to provide acceptable quality and timely components or assembly service at an acceptable price, or an interruption of supplies from such a supplier as a result of a change in control, fire, nature calamity, strike or other significant event could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have no control over and cannot guarantee the continuity of our suppliers’ business. Some of our suppliers have been forced to terminate their activities because of market circumstances or financial problems. Though such closures have not caused delays in the delivery of our products in the past, we cannot guarantee the timely delivery of our products in the future if other suppliers cease or limit their operations. Our dependence on these suppliers could harm our ability to negotiate the terms of our future business relationships with them. In addition to general risks associated with reliance on limited sources of supply, many of our suppliers are located in various countries in Europe and Asia. As a result, our relationships with these suppliers are subject to political, legal, economic and other uncertainties.

 

Our product quality may suffer because we rely on subcontractors to manufacture our products.

 

We rely on subcontractors in Europe and Asia for the assembly of our products. Though we inspect and internally test the inspection components (such as, for example, cameras, optical subsystems, vision systems, etc.) of our products prior to final assembly, and we maintain on-site quality inspection staff at most subcontractors, our reliance on subcontractors gives us less control over the manufacturing process. This lack of control exposes us to significant risks, especially inadequate capacity, late delivery, substandard quality and high costs. Our ability to provide customers with products on a timely basis depends, in part, on our ability to develop accurate forecasts for customer volume requirements, convey these requirements to our subcontractors, and the subsequent ability of the contractors to deliver these requirements to us on a timely basis. We may experience disruption in obtaining products and may be unable to develop alternatives in a timely manner, and therefore may have to delay shipping products to our customers. These outcomes could damage our relationships with customers. Any increased costs, delays in shipping or damage to customer relationships could seriously harm our business.

 

Because we rely on a limited number of customers for a significant portion of our revenues, the loss of any of these customers could substantially harm our operating results.

 

We receive a significant portion of our revenues in each fiscal period from a relatively limited number of customers. The loss of one or more of these major customers, or a decrease in orders by one or more

 

7


Table of Contents

customers, could significantly and adversely affect our operating results. Our customers generally do not enter into long-term agreements obligating them to purchase our products. They may cease purchasing our products at any time and are free to purchase products from our competitors. A loss of, reduction or delay in orders from our significant customers, including reductions or delays due to market, economic or competitive conditions in the semiconductor or electronic assembly industries, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

In fiscal 2003, we had two significant customers that accounted for approximately 12% and 11%, respectively, of our total revenues during the year, and sales to our top five customers accounted for approximately 41% of total revenues during the year. We anticipate that also in the future, a significant portion of our revenues will continue to be derived from a relatively small number of customers.

 

Much of our success and value lies in our ownership and use of intellectual property, and our failure to protect that property may adversely affect our future operations.

 

Our ability to compete is strongly impacted by our ability to protect our intellectual property. We primarily rely on a combination of copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions and, to a lesser extent, patents, to protect our proprietary rights. The steps we have taken to protect our technology may be inadequate.

 

Existing trade secret, trademark and copyright laws offer only limited protection. Despite our efforts to protect our proprietary rights, unauthorized parties may attempt to copy aspects of our products or to obtain and use information that we regard as proprietary. The laws of some countries in which our products are or may be developed, manufactured or sold, including certain countries in Asia, may not protect our proprietary rights to the extent of the laws of European countries or the United States. This may make the possibility of piracy of our technology and products more likely. In addition, we may be required to share some of our proprietary information when outsourcing our manufacturing to third parties. We cannot assure that our means of protecting our proprietary rights will be sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or that our competitors will not independently develop comparable or superior technologies without violating our proprietary rights.

 

Our patents may be invalidated or circumvented. Currently, we have one patent (expiring 2011) issued in the United States, Europe, Japan, Belgium and certain other territories for the 3D-dual shadow method for lead coplanarity and four pending patent applications in several jurisdictions with respect to 3D-inspection methods and component handling techniques. We cannot assure that any patents issued to us will provide sufficient protection against competitors. Failure of our patents to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Aspects of our operations, technologies or products could infringe on the intellectual property rights of others.

 

We have been, and may be in the future, notified that we may be infringing the intellectual property rights of others. Other companies may hold or obtain patents on inventions or may otherwise claim proprietary rights to technology necessary to our business. We cannot predict the extent to which we may be required to seek licenses or alter our products so that they no longer infringe the rights of others. We cannot guarantee that the terms of any licenses we may be required to seek will be reasonable. Similarly, changing our products or processes to avoid infringing the rights of others may be costly or impractical or could detract from the value of our products. A party making a claim of infringement could secure a judgment that requires us to pay substantial damages, or which includes an injunction or other court order that could prevent us from selling our products. Third parties could assert that any of our issued patents

 

8


Table of Contents

are overly broad or invalid, or that our technology and products infringe third party patents or other intellectual property rights. As a result of such assertions, and regardless of their validity or invalidity, we could be required to pay royalties or to enter into licensing arrangements. Any claim of infringement by a third party could also cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim, even if the claim is invalid, and could distract the attention of our management and technical personnel. Any of these events could seriously and permanently harm our business.

 

Our business may be harmed by infringement claims of Scanner Technologies.

 

In July 2000, we were served with a Summons and Complaint by Scanner Technologies Corporation (“Scanner”) in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York. The Complaint alleged that certain of our products, which relate to stereo vision inspection of ball grid array, chip scale package and bumped wafer products, infringe U.S. Patent Numbers 6,064,756 and 6,064,757. Although we believe that our technology and products did not infringe any of these patents, we settled the case in 2003 for the majority of the systems. For the remainder of the systems, the Court ruled that we were not infringing the patents. We had recorded provisions in respect of related legal expenses amounting to approximately € 0.5 million and € 1.0 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The settlement fee of $ 0.4 million was paid in 2003 and was covered by these provisions. Scanner appealed this ruling in 2003. The oral hearing in the appeal took place on February 6, 2004. The Court ruling is expected within 90 days of the oral hearing, but there are no guarantees on the timing of the ruling. If we are successful in the appeal, the litigation with Scanner is expected to be over. If we are not successful, we believe that we have meritorious defenses to Scanner’s allegations. We believe that as sales of the alleged infringing product have been limited, an adverse ruling in the appeal will not have a significant impact on the Company, other than legal expenses. We will continue to vigorously defend our interests. However, we cannot guarantee that we would prevail in any litigation by Scanner seeking damages or expenses or to enjoin us from selling our two camera stereoscopic electronic component inspection products on the basis of the alleged patent infringement, or that a license for any of the alleged infringed patents will be available to us on reasonable terms, if at all.

 

We face significant competition, which could decrease demand for our products and reduce our market share.

 

The markets for our products are intensely competitive. We may be unable to compete successfully. We believe that the principal competitive factors in the back-end semiconductor manufacturing and electronic assembly markets are product performance, including speed, accuracy and reliability, cost-effectiveness, quality, price, timeliness in delivering finished products, flexibility in adapting products to customers’ needs, and customer support. The relative importance of these competitive factors may change over time.

 

We compete with other vendors of machine vision and inspection systems, with companies offering products based on alternative technologies, with the internal engineering efforts of our current and prospective customers, and with local companies in the various geographic markets in which we operate. Our competitors include Cognex Corporation, Robotic Vision Systems, Inc., Yasunaga Ltd., Semiconductor Technologies and Instruments Pte Ltd., and August Technology Corporation. Certain of our competitors and potential competitors may have substantially greater manufacturing, financial, systems, and marketing resources than we have. In addition, these competitors may have the ability to respond more quickly to new or emerging technologies, may adapt more quickly to changes in customer requirements and may devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. We may also be operating at a cost disadvantage compared to manufacturers who may have greater direct buying power from component suppliers or who may have lower cost structures.

 

9


Table of Contents

Damage to our competitive position due to our initial failure to penetrate a new market or obtain business from a potential customer may be compounded over time. Once an original equipment manufacturer has selected its own or a competitor’s machine vision or inspection system for integration into its equipment, the original equipment manufacturer is likely to rely on that product for the life of that equipment model, and frequently for follow-on models, even if our products otherwise compare favorably to the vision or inspection product being used. We cannot guarantee successful competition in current or new markets. Increased competition could result in price reductions, reduced margins or loss of market share, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

Our ability to manage our business effectively may be adversely affected if our resource and management information systems or our other information technology systems are significantly impaired.

 

We have implemented an expanded material resource planning and management information system in our headquarters and at some of our subsidiary locations. We rely extensively on this system and on several other information technology systems to conduct our business. Problems with the operation of those systems could cause substantial management difficulties in operations planning and financial reporting.

 

Our business could be harmed by acquisitions we complete in the future.

 

We may pursue potential acquisitions of businesses, products or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our business. Our identification of suitable acquisition candidates, products and technologies involves risks inherent in assessing the values, strengths, weaknesses, risks and profitability of acquisition candidates, including:

 

the effects of the possible negotiation and acquisition on our business;

 

diversion of our management’s attention; and

 

risks associated with unanticipated problems or latent liabilities.

 

If we are successful in pursuing future acquisitions, we may be required to expend significant funds, incur additional debt or issue additional securities, which may negatively affect our results of operations and be dilutive to our stockholders. If we spend significant funds or incur additional debt, our ability to obtain financing for working capital or other purposes could decline, and we may be more vulnerable to economic downturns and competitive pressures. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to finance additional acquisitions or that we will realize any anticipated benefits from acquisitions that we complete. The process of integrating acquired businesses, products or technologies into our existing operations may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and may require significant financial resources that would otherwise be available for the ongoing development or expansion of our existing business.

 

We may be unable to recruit and retain necessary personnel because of intense competition for highly skilled personnel.

 

We believe that our future success will depend upon our ability to continue to attract, retain and motivate highly skilled employees, such as software and hardware engineers. The market for these employees is intensively competitive, and we have occasionally experienced delays in hiring qualified personnel. Due to the cyclical nature of the demand for our products and the most recent downturn in the semiconductor market, we reduced our workforce in 2001 as a cost reduction measure. Because of the current semiconductor market upturn, we may need to rebuild our workforce in conformity with expected production, sales and service levels. Due to the competitive nature of the labor markets in which we

 

10


Table of Contents

operate, this type of employment cycle increases our risk of being unable to retain and recruit key personnel. Our inability to recruit, retain and train adequate numbers of qualified personnel on a timely basis could adversely affect our ability to develop, design, manufacture, market, install and support our products and may result in lost revenues and market share if customers seek alternative solutions. In addition, we are dependent on several key employees in different sections of our business. Our failure to retain those persons or the unexpected loss of any one of their services could materially harm our business and results of operations. The Company does not maintain “key man” life insurance on the lives of any of its personnel.

 

Our international business operations expose us to a number of difficulties in coordinating our worldwide activities and in dealing with multiple regulatory environments.

 

We conduct our business worldwide, primarily in Europe, Japan, the rest of Asia, and the United States. Our sales in each of these regions, for the periods indicated, were as follows:

 

     Europe

    Japan

    Rest of Asia

    United States

 

Fiscal Year 2003

   25 %   16 %   48 %   11 %

Fiscal Year 2002

   26 %   20 %   49 %   5 %

Fiscal Year 2001

   37 %   21 %   34 %   8 %

 

As a result, our revenues and profits are, to a very high degree, subject to the general economic conditions in these areas. In addition, because our executive offices and most of our research and development operations are located in Belgium, its specific economic condition may have a direct impact on our operations and the market price of our stock. Adverse changes in the economic conditions within one or more of these areas including, for example, the recent economic downturn in 2001, have had, and could continue to have, a material adverse effect on our business and prospects.

 

Further, our business may be adversely affected by risks inherent in international operations, including:

 

transportation delays or interruptions from international suppliers;

 

various regulatory requirements, such as the satisfaction of rigorous European Union compliance requirements for our products;

 

political and economic changes and disruptions;

 

export/import controls, trading policies and tariff regulations;

 

difficulties in staffing and managing foreign sales and support operations;

 

difficulties in managing distributors, representatives and third party systems integrators;

 

challenges presented by collecting trade accounts receivable in foreign jurisdictions;

 

longer sales cycles;

 

fewer legal protections for intellectual property;

 

governmental currency controls and restrictions on repatriation of earnings;

 

changes in various regulatory requirements; and

 

possibly adverse tax consequences.

 

The risks associated with international operations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

11


Table of Contents

To support our international customers, we maintain subsidiaries in Belgium, Hong Kong, Germany, Japan, Singapore, and the United States, and we have liaison offices in Korea, Taiwan, the Philippines and mainland China. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to manage these operations effectively, or that we will be able to compete successfully in international markets or to meet the service and support needs of our customers, some of whom are located in countries where we have no infrastructure.

 

Fluctuations in currency exchange rates could harm our business.

 

Starting January 1, 2003, we began to treat the Euro as our preferred invoice currency. As expected, Euro revenues gained substantial weight as a percentage of our total revenues in the course of fiscal 2003. In prior years, the majority of our revenues were in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen. In 2003, revenues denominated in Euro constituted 62% of our revenues, revenues denominated in U.S. dollars constituted 22% of our revenues, and revenues denominated in Japanese yen constituted 16% of our revenues. We anticipate that a significant portion of our revenues will continue to be in Euro, and that the remainder of our revenues will be primarily in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen. We incur expenses in a number of currencies, 75% of which were in Euro in 2003 and 62% of which were in Euro in 2002. We anticipate that a significant portion of our expenses will continue to be in several currencies, including the Euro, the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the Singapore dollar and the Hong Kong dollar. Fluctuations in the value of several currencies, and especially a decrease in the value of the Euro in comparison to the U.S. dollar, the Singapore dollar, the Hong Kong dollar or the Japanese yen, would likely increase our Euro-reported expenses that are incurred in the several aforementioned currencies. Conversely, the decreasing value of the U.S. dollar as compared to the Euro has had the effect of reducing our Euro reported revenues for our U.S. dollar denominated sales in fiscal year 2003. As a result, currency fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Changes in currency exchange rates can make it more difficult for us to compete with foreign manufacturers on price. If our international sales in currencies other than the Euro increase relative to our total sales, these factors could have an even more pronounced effect on our operating results.

 

We do not engage in hedging transactions for the purpose of reducing our foreign currency exposure on sales in currencies other than the Euro, but we may engage in hedging activities in the future for this purpose. There is a risk that these hedging activities will not be successful in mitigating our foreign exchange risk exposure.

 

Risk Factors Relating to Our Common Stock and Belgian Incorporation

 

Management wields considerable control over our future, and decisions they make may be detrimental to your interests.

 

On February 18, 2004, our directors, officers and their affiliates or relatives collectively owned approximately 33.9% of our outstanding common stock, as well as stock options that after dilution represent 1.1% of the share capital. Under our Articles of Association, stockholders who either belong to our management or the management of ICOS Vision Systems NV or are entrusted with the day-to-day management of any of our subsidiaries, or any subsidiaries of ICOS Vision Systems NV, are entitled to jointly present a list of candidates out of which at least 50% of the directors of our Board are nominated. In addition, under our Articles, Joseph Verjans, our Chairman of the Board of Directors, is entitled to present a list of candidates out of which one director of our Board is nominated. Accordingly, management will be able to control the election of the Board of Directors and the direction of our affairs. By virtue of its stock ownership, management will be able to exert substantial influence over actions

 

12


Table of Contents

requiring stockholders’ approval, as well, including capital increases and decreases and other amendments to our Articles, mergers, sales of assets or other business acquisitions or dispositions. Management stockholders may exercise their influence in a manner detrimental to your interests.

 

Provisions of our charter, Belgian law and European Union regulations may discourage takeover offers and may limit the price investors would be willing to pay for our common stock.

 

Our Articles, the Belgian Company Code (“Belgian Company Law”), certain other provisions of Belgian law and the European Union regulations contain numerous provisions that may discourage bids for our common stock, business or assets. This could limit the price that investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock, business or assets. Our Articles contain provisions permitting management and Joseph Verjans to present candidates out of which at least 50% of the members and one member, respectively, of our Board of Directors are nominated. Belgian Company Law and our Articles require any person or persons acting in concert who (i) acquires over 50% of the voting rights regardless of the price or compensation paid in consideration thereof or (ii) acquires or is deemed to acquire control of us by purchasing our shares of common stock at a price, or for compensation, above the then market price for those shares, to offer to purchase the balance of our outstanding common stock on the same terms. In addition, Belgian Company Law provides that, in principle, public takeover bids must be made for all of our outstanding voting securities and are subject to the supervision and approval of the Belgian Banking, Finance and Insurance Commission (“CBFA”). In addition, takeover bids in certain circumstances may be subject to the prior approval of the European Union or Belgian competition authorities. Our Articles and these laws, rules and regulations may discourage offers for our business that would be advantageous to you.

 

Because we are a Belgian company, your rights as a stockholder may be different and, in some cases, more limited than if we were incorporated under the laws of another jurisdiction.

 

You should be aware that your stockholder rights may be limited because of our Belgian incorporation. Because we are a Belgian corporation, our corporate affairs are governed by our Articles and Belgian Company Law. Although certain provisions of our Articles and Belgian Company Law resemble various provisions of the organizational documents and corporation laws of other European countries, principles of law relating to such matters as the validity of corporate procedures, the fiduciary duties of management and the rights of our stockholders may differ from those that would apply if we were incorporated in another European country or in the United States. Without limitation, some examples of these differences include:

 

  members of our Board of Directors serve for terms of six years;

 

  there is no statutory right of appraisal under Belgian law with respect to mergers;

 

  the right of stockholders of a Belgian corporation to sue derivatively (on the corporation’s behalf) is limited; and

 

  Belgian employment law imposes substantial severance obligations on companies, which increase with the tenure of the employee.

 

Because we are a Belgian company, you may be unable to serve legal process or enforce judgments against us and our officers and directors.

 

We are a Belgian corporation and a substantial portion of our assets are located in Belgium. Most of our executive officers and directors and our independent auditors and Belgian legal counsel are not residents of the United States. Furthermore, all or a substantial portion of these people’s assets are located outside

 

13


Table of Contents

the United States. As a result, you may not be able to effect service of process within the United States upon these people. You may also be unable to enforce any judgments of United States courts that are predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities or other laws of the United States on these people or us. We have been advised by our Belgian counsel that civil liabilities under the securities and other laws of the United States may not be enforceable in original actions instituted in Belgium, or in actions instituted in Belgium to enforce judgments of United States courts. Actions for enforcement of judgments of United States courts may be successful only if the Belgian court confirms the substantive correctness of the judgment of the United States court, and is satisfied:

 

that the judgment is not contrary to Belgian principles of public policy or rules of Belgian public law;

 

that the judgment did not violate the rights of the defendant;

 

that the judgment is not subject to further appeal under United States law;

 

that the United States court did not accept its jurisdiction solely on the basis of the nationality of the plaintiff; and

 

as to the authenticity of the text of the judgment submitted to it.

 

The volatility of our stock price could adversely affect your investment in our common stock.

 

The market price of our common stock has fluctuated widely. Consequently, the current market price of our common stock may not be indicative of its future market prices, and we may be unable to sustain or increase the value of an investment in our common stock. We believe that a variety of factors could cause the price of our common stock to fluctuate, perhaps substantially, including:

 

  announcements and rumors of developments related to our business;

 

  quarterly fluctuations in our actual or anticipated operating results;

 

  general conditions in the semiconductor manufacturing and electronic assembly industries;

 

  general conditions in the worldwide economy;

 

  announcements of technological innovations;

 

  our new products or product enhancements, as well as those of our competitors;

 

  developments in patents or other intellectual property rights and litigation; and

 

  developments in our relationships with our customers and suppliers.

 

Our shares are traded in Euro on Euronext Brussels while our shares on Nasdaq are traded in U.S. dollars. As a result, changes in the value of the Euro as compared to the U.S. Dollar will affect the relative value of our shares in the currencies used in those markets and may increase the volatility of our stock price.

 

In addition, in recent years the stock market in general, and the markets for shares of small capitalization and “high-tech” companies in particular, have experienced extreme price fluctuations that have often been unrelated to the operating performance of affected companies. Any such fluctuations in the future could adversely affect the market price of our common stock, and the market price of our common stock may decline.

 

ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY.

 

A. HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE COMPANY.

 

ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV is a leading world-wide developer and supplier of inspection equipment primarily for use in the back-end semiconductor manufacturing industry. Our products consist

 

14


Table of Contents

of stand-alone inspection equipment and board-level and system-level inspection systems. The stand-alone inspection equipment, our primary product line, performs the final inspection and taping of integrated circuits (ICs), the last step in the semiconductor manufacturing process, and is sold primarily to end-users in the back-end semiconductor industry. Our board-level and system-level inspection systems are sold to original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) for integration at various stages of the semiconductor packaging process and in electronic assembly.

 

We believe we offer the most comprehensive line of inspection products in our target markets. Based on a single modular platform, our products can be combined in multiple configurations depending on the application and the customer’s requirements. In addition, our products combine our proprietary three-dimensional (3D) measurement with two dimensional (2D) measurements and inspections to offer cost-effective, accurate and flexible solutions to our customers.

 

We are based in Heverlee, Belgium and have R&D centers in Belgium, Germany and Hong Kong, and sales and support offices in Japan, the USA, Singapore and Hong Kong.

 

ICOS was founded in 1982 as a spin-off from the K.U. Leuven Image Processing Laboratory, under the leadership of Professor Dr. Ir. Oosterlinck, who is still an active member of the Board of Directors.

 

Between 1982 and 1985, we did not have a clearly defined marketing strategy. We were involved in a myriad of applications, from a sorting system for avocados to the inspection of telephone exchanges. We decided in 1985 to concentrate entirely on the back-end semiconductor and electronic assembly industries, embarking on a period of rapid growth and entering into our first OEM contracts, some of which are still in force today.

 

Since 1982, we have introduced several important innovations to the market, starting with a true greyscale vision system for IC placement in 1987 followed by several of the world’s first high accuracy inspection systems for integration with back-end semiconductor equipment. We introduced our first board-level products in 1984; in 1992, we introduced our first stand-alone component inspection machine; and in 1994 we introduced our first system-level inspection products.

 

In 1986 we established a subsidiary in the U.S., followed by a subsidiary in Japan in 1991, two years after recording our first sales in that important market. By 1997, Japan accounted for almost 30% of our revenue. Following these early successes, we entered other Asian markets, opening branch offices in Hong Kong in 1995 and in Singapore in 1996. The operations of both branches were transferred this year to two newly incorporated subsidiaries.

 

In 1997, we listed our stock on the Nasdaq National Market in an initial public offering, adding a dual listing on the European technology stock market, Nasdaq Europe, in 1998. In 2003, we de-listed from Nasdaq Europe and listed our shares on Euronext Brussels, in order to increase the liquidity of our stock and to provide our investors with a more transparent trading platform. We believe the switch from Nasdaq Europe to Euronext Brussels has raised ICOS’s visibility in the Belgian and European capital markets by providing better access to institutional and retail markets. We currently have a dual listing on Nasdaq (U.S.) and Euronext Brussels.

 

We have continued to expand our technology platform and broaden our line of inspection machines. In 1998, we acquired Qtec, a German leader in IC inspection equipment for very specific stages in the IC production process. Today ICOS GmbH, the former Qtec, serves as an R&D department for the company. During 2002, we acquired gravity handling technology and product rights from IC Equipment Pte. Ltd. in Singapore, and we established a mechanical design center in Hong Kong.

 

15


Table of Contents

On September 22, 2003, we announced our acquisition of Jointech Precision Equipment (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd, located in Shenzen, China, near the Hong Kong border, for a consideration of approximately $200,000 in cash. Jointech handles final assembly and quality control of component inspectors for us. This acquisition has been completed in the first quarter of this fiscal year 2004 upon fulfillment of all necessary customary closing conditions. Jointech has been renamed ICOS Vision Systems (Shenzhen) China and folded into the company’s Hong Kong operations.

 

Our legal name is ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV. We are a Belgian corporation. We were incorporated on July 27, 1989 and we are subject to the laws, rules and regulations of Belgium including the Belgium Company Law. Our headquarters are located at Research Park Haasrode, Zone 1, Esperantolaan 8, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium and our telephone number is (011) 32-16-39-82-20. Our operations in the U.S. are conducted by our wholly-owned subsidiary, ICOS Vision Systems NV, a Belgian corporation, and its U.S. subsidiary, ICOS Vision Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation. ICOS Vision Systems, Inc. is located at 2000 Wyatt Drive - Suite 13, Santa Clara, California 95054, its telephone number is 408-567-9511, and our U.S. agent, Masoud (Max) Mirgoli, may be reached at its address.

 

B. BUSINESS OVERVIEW.

 

Industry Background

 

Semiconductors are the basic building blocks used to create a variety of electronic products. For over 30 years, semiconductor performance improvements have led to smaller, more complex and reliable devices. As a result, the end-user markets for semiconductor components have expanded to encompass telecommunications products and systems, automotive products, industrial automation and control systems, personal computers and network computer systems, and a wide range of consumer goods, including video and audio products, digital cameras and camcorders, game consoles, and household appliances to name a few.

 

Demand in electronics end-user markets fluctuates as new products are introduced. In addition, demand for new products accelerates as they move from early adoption to broad acceptance and then levels off when they reach maturity and market saturation. During the early adopter phase, the market is characterized by low volumes and high margins that attract high levels of capital investment. To meet growing demand, capacity expands and manufacturing costs decline, leading to price and margin erosion. As the product matures, the market reaches production overcapacity and producers begin to reduce capital investment.

 

We believe that the cyclical nature of the electronics market increases with every step down the ladder of the electronics food chain. The semiconductor market has been more cyclical than the electronics market and the semiconductor equipment market has been even more cyclical. During the previous cycle, we experienced accelerated growth in 1999 and 2000, followed by a steep decline in 2001 and 2002. This decline is generally recognized as the most dramatic down-cycle of the semiconductor industry since its inception more than thirty years ago. New economy investments drove the cycle up very aggressively during 1999 and 2000. After the strong downward correction in 2001, the world-wide economic slump and political uncertainty drove the cycle further down in 2002 and into the first half of 2003. During the third quarter of 2003 the utilization rate in the back-end semiconductor market went above 80%, and the market exhibited the first signs of a new up-cycle. Overall activity in the semiconductor market continued to increase through the fourth quarter of 2003, ending the year on a strong note.

 

16


Table of Contents

In addition to investing in capital equipment to expand manufacturing capacity during a period of growing end-user demand, semiconductor manufacturers invest in capital equipment in response to technological changes.

 

In the back-end semiconductor equipment market, technological changes arise from the introduction of new IC packages. For the past decade the driving force behind new IC packaging developments has been the move to smaller electronic products with increased functionality, higher speed and lower costs. Adding to these challenges are developments in wafer processing such as the transition to 300 mm wafers and new materials such as copper interconnects that affect back-end assembly and testing. As new generations of ICs are designed, they call for ever smaller, lighter and lower-profile packages.

 

The semiconductor industry has experienced substantial growth over the long term, despite cyclical changes in production capacity and in the level of semiconductor sales. Between 1972 and 2000 the semiconductor industry grew at a compound annual rate of 15%, and the equipment market grew at a slightly higher rate of 17%. The technological drivers behind this historic growth remain in force today. Advances in technology are continuing to lead to the further shrinking of semiconductor devices and to a lower cost per function, driving demand for new applications. As an example of this evolution, the price of one Mbit of memory was equivalent to the price of a house in 1973. By 1977 it was the equivalent of a car and ten years later it was equivalent to the price of a sweater. By 1995 one Mbit of memory was worth the stamp on a letter, and by now it is only worth the value of the envelope.

 

During the period of unprecedented growth in 1999 and 2000, semiconductor manufacturers over-expanded capacity and inventory levels of semiconductor goods. This overcapacity resulted in a severe correction of the capital spending market in 2001. In 2002, a recovery was delayed due to a world-wide economic slowdown, which resulted in a further decline of the semiconductor equipment market.

 

During this latest severe and prolonged downturn, cash strained semiconductor companies cut back their investments dramatically. Their scarce resources were mostly invested in long-term technology projects in the front-end, such as the transition to 300 mm wafers, at the expense of back-end investments, where short delivery times are the rule. We believe, therefore, that wide-spread under-investment and pent-up demand has lead to a particularly strong current market environment for back-end equipment.

 

Increased outsourcing

 

For several years, the front-end wafer processing that was traditionally performed by Integrated Device Manufacturers, has been shifting to the so-called foundries. These foundries only process wafers, but do not design or market any components. A similar process shift is seen in the back-end, where the term subcontractor is used instead of foundry. Over time, manufacturing volumes are shifting from Integrated Device Manufacturers to subcontractors. This shift is adding to the limited visibility of back-end equipment manufacturers, as subcontractors typically have a limited order back-log and tend to place orders with equipment manufacturers only after building up sufficient order flow to justify expanding capacity. The shift of manufacturing to subcontractors also creates a trend for more standard and flexible equipment, away from dedicated and integrated equipment, because subcontractors manufacture a wide range of devices and flexibility is one of their key virtues.

 

Consolidation

 

Unlike the front-end, there is very limited uniformity in the processes in the back-end semiconductor manufacturing process. To start with, the types of processes are quite different, ranging from bending or

 

17


Table of Contents

plating metal leads to complex electrical testing or optical inspection. In addition, different component types require different handling, and often different equipment is used for different packages even though the function of the machines may be identical. As a result of this variability, the back-end semiconductor equipment market is highly fragmented with most vendors specializing in specific areas, such as wire bonding, test handling or final inspection. Over the long-term we believe the back-end semiconductor industry will consolidate, but we believe the transition will take time.

 

One element constraining consolidation is the incompatibility between some back-end production processes. Often these processes are performed in different locations and vary greatly in throughput rates and cleanliness levels. For example, at the end of the assembly process, right before the test and final inspection and thus right in the middle of the total back-end process flow, we find the molding and plating processes, which are slow and produce some debris and spills. An integration between the early assembly processes (dicing, die bonding and wire bonding) and the test and final inspection processes is currently impracticable.

 

We therefore believe that consolidation will occur among early assembly companies and among the final inspection companies. In anticipation, we believe we can realize the most synergy with technology or partners that help us to expand our offering in the final inspection area. Our acquisition of handling technology, the opening of a new mechanical design center in Hong Kong and the acquisition of a final assembly and quality control plant in China are clear implementations of this strategy. Eventually, we want to become the world leader for the final outgoing inspection of all semiconductor components.

 

Semiconductor Processing

 

Front-End and Back-End processing

 

The semiconductor manufacturing process involves front-end wafer fabrication and back-end processing (assembly, test and final inspection). In front-end processing, several layers of semiconductor conductive material are deposited and etched into patterns on the surface of a silicon wafer to form complex integrated circuits. The end result is a wafer with a number of electrically functional parts or chips. This process is done in high grade clean rooms with expensive equipment. Wafer processing requires a high level of capital investment and expanding wafer processing capacity takes on average a period of 18 to 24 months.

 

The finished wafers are then typically shipped to another location for the back-end processing. The wafer is diced into separate chips known as dice, which are then put into a semiconductor package, electrically tested and visually inspected. A semiconductor package contains connections (leads or balls) enabling the internal semiconductor circuits to be connected to a printed circuit board. ICOS operates only in back-end semiconductor production, also called the final assembly.

 

Back-end processing

 

During the back-end process, the chips are taken from the wafers, attached to leadframes or other substrates that hold the connections (leads or balls) and put in a protective housing. This process is often called assembly. After assembly, the chip is electrically tested and then optically inspected and put in the shipping medium.

 

18


Table of Contents

Assembly

 

Leadframe based assembly

 

The most widely used assembly process uses leadframes as a connector for the chip. The assembly process starts with the dicing of the patterned wafers: wafers are cut into individual chips using a wafer saw. Next, the dice are individually picked up by a die bonder that puts the dice onto the leadframe. Our board-level OEM products are used on die bonders to align and inspect the die during the bonding process. In the next step, wire bonders connect the electrical paths on the die with the contact pads of the leadframe.

 

After the wire bonding, the chips are encapsulated with a protective packaging using an injection molding process. Following the molding, the leads are tinned in a slow plating process, and generally marks are put on the chip in this phase. Then the leads are cut from the leadframe, bent into proper shape and finally the whole device is cut out (singulated) from the leadframe. The combination of cutting and bending the leads is called the trim & form process.

 

The assembly process described above consists of two phases: dicing, die bonding and wire bonding on the one hand, and molding, plating, marking and trim & form on the other hand. Because of the different throughput speeds between the two phases and the debris produced during the molding and the plating processes, it is impractical to integrate all the assembly processes into one single line.

 

Substrate based assembly

 

As an alternative to the process described above, the dice can be put on substrates instead of leadframes. A substrate is somewhat similar to a mini printed circuit board that holds just one die. The assembly process starts in a similar fashion to leadframe based assembly with dicing, die bonding and wire bonding, followed by molding and marking. However, the contacts of these packages are formed with balls that are mounted on the substrates instead of the leads of a leadframe. Therefore, the plating and trim and form processes are replaced by a ball placement process, followed by a singulation process by sawing the substrate into individual devices.

 

Test and final inspection

 

After the assembly process, the devices are functionally complete. However, they still need to be electrically tested, optically inspected and placed in a medium for shipping. The test and final inspection form our main market. Some of our inspection machines such as the CI-9450 and the CI-G10 are final inspection systems, and a large number of our system-level OEM products are sold for use in testing and final inspection processes.

 

In testing and final inspection, the transport medium can be quite different and therefore also the test and final inspection equipment varies with the type of IC being processed. As an example, our CI-9450 is a final inspection machine for tray-based components and our ICOS CI-G10 is a final inspection machine for tube-based components.

 

After inspection, the IC is transferred into its final transport medium. In some cases, this is the same as the internal transport medium, i.e. a tray or tube. However, tape is becoming the preferred shipping medium for all components, both large and small. In the latter medium, components are put in a plastic embossed tape with preformed cavities that hold one part safely for transportation. The embossed tape is then closed with a sealing tape and rolled onto a big wheel or reel. This reel is then shipped to the customer. The process of transferring the devices into this embossed tape is called taping. The final inspection and taping are generally combined on the same machine. Most of our ICOS CI-systems are therefore equipped with taping systems.

 

19


Table of Contents

In packaging certain devices, other processes like laser marking or electrical testing may be integrated with the final inspection equipment. We supply vision systems to the manufacturers of this integrated equipment.

 

Specialty packaging and inspection applications

 

In addition to these standard packaging process flows, there are a number of specialty packages, some of which may become standard in the future. We provide inspection systems for the following advanced packaging processes:

 

Flip Chip

 

For certain applications, ball contacts are mounted directly on the silicon dice while they are still part of the uncut wafer. The wafer is afterwards inspected to make sure that all the bumps were placed correctly. This type of inspection is typically performed in 3 dimensions (3D) in order to check the heights of the bumps.

 

The Flip Chip process can be used as a “packaging” technique in which the dice are directly mounted onto the target application. This is called Flip Chip On Board (FCOB) or Direct Chip Attach (DCA). Alternatively, the Flip Chip technique is used instead of wire bonding to form the interconnects inside the package. In this case, the term Flip Chip In Package (FCIP) is used.

 

Wafer level packaging

 

With wafer level packaging, nearly all of the assembly and test processes are performed while the chips are still on the wafer, thus minimizing the handling of an individual device. It is similar to the Flip Chip process described above, except that a protective coating and a redistribution of the contact layout is added to the dice while still in wafer format. When the wafer is cut, “packaged” devices are obtained which can be directly used in any application in contrast to bare dice which still need to be encapsulated.

 

For all the above applications, we offer a stand-alone inspection machine for 3D inspection of bumped wafers.

 

Flex tape inspection

 

For a number of applications, most notably for display drivers, the chip is mounted on a flexible tape, called Tape Automated Bonding (TAB) or Chip On Film (COF), which enables the contacts to make a flexible connection. An application example is LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screens where the chip is mounted on the back of the display, but the contacts need to be brought to the front. These packages are called Tape Carrier Packages (TCP). ICOS is a leading supplier of inspection equipment for TAB tape. We offer system-level OEM products and a stand-alone inspection machine.

 

Products

 

Our products include a family of inspection products for the back-end semiconductor manufacturing and electronic assembly industries. We offer board-level and system-level inspection systems for integration into semiconductor OEM manufacturing equipment and electronic assembly equipment as well as stand-alone inspection machines mainly for the final inspection of semiconductor packages.

 

20


Table of Contents

These three product lines are vertically integrated, starting with the board-level products which form the core inspection engine. The system-level products combine this inspection engine with such items as cameras, optics, illumination, a personal computer and interfacing software. The inspection machines combine the system-level products with mechanical handling, sorting and, in some cases, taping of the semiconductor devices.

 

Between 1993 and 2000, our growth was mainly driven by this vertical integration of our products. By offering more complete products, we increased the added value to our customers and we also gained direct access to the key IC manufacturers and their subcontractors. Since fiscal year 2002, we have been increasing our inspection machine product offerings to those customers, thereby expanding our total available market.

 

Board-level OEM products

 

Our board-level products consist of a single board vision system and the embedded vision software. These products are integrated with die bonding equipment and used for the alignment and inspection of the die before it is picked up and mounted on the leadframe or substrate. In addition, board-level products are integrated with pick-and-place equipment to ensure proper alignment of the component on the printed circuit board.

 

List prices for board-level OEM products range from € 4,000 to € 10,000.

 

System-level OEM products

 

The system-level OEM products consist of one or more board-level systems, together with an industrial PC, one or more cameras, optics and illumination systems. The system-level products are integrated with various types of equipment in the assembly and test area, including trim and form or test handling equipment, and in various more integrated and specialty lines and perform a wide range of measurements and inspection functions. Some of the most important tasks include:

 

2D and 3D lead and ball inspection: the measurement of the position of the contact leads or balls in two and three dimensions. This inspection detects malformed, bent or damaged leads and malformed, incorrectly located or damaged balls. 3D inspection is especially important because the device will not be able to connect properly to the printed circuit board if the contacts are not on the same horizontal plane (referred to as coplanarity), resulting in defective electronic devices. One critical issue is the detection of devices with a limited coplanarity problem. These devices may make contact to the printed circuit board and pass electrical tests, but the contacts may be weak and the devices will cause an early failure of the electronic circuit in which it is used.

 

Mark Inspection: the inspection of the ink or laser marks that are inscribed on the semiconductor device and that contain information such as the part number, company logo, etc.

 

Surface Inspection: for certain packages, an inspection of the surface, either the package surface or the surface of the contacts, is an important element in ensuring the quality of the device.

 

Other inspections: the system-level products perform various other inspections including burr inspection, part identification and orientation check.

 

List prices for the system-level OEM products range from € 15,000 to € 100,000.

 

21


Table of Contents

Inspection machines

 

The inspection machines combine the system-level inspection products with a mechanical handler, which moves the components to the inspection stations, sorts them and, if required, transfers them to tape. Inspection machines constitute our largest product line.

 

Component Inspector, tray-based: ICOS offers a range of products for the final inspection of tray-based semiconductor components. The range includes a semi-automatic CI-3050, a medium volume CI-5150/5250 and high volume CI-8250/8450 and CI-9250/9450 products. These systems perform 2D and 3D inspection of all devices that are handled in trays such as QFP, BGA, CSP and TSOP. It also performs the taping of those devices. Typically, the inspections include coplanarity inspection, mark inspection and surface inspection, but they may vary substantially depending on the component type or customer requirement. In addition to inspecting components, the tray-based CI products are also used to inspect connectors and substrates. These applications are newer and expand the market potential of these products.

 

Component Inspector, tube-based: the CI-G10 is a fully automatic system for the final inspection of semiconductor components of devices handled in tubes. Typical components include SO devices and QFN or other LFCSP’s. The CI-G10 performs the optical inspection and, if required, the taping of these components. Typical inspections include coplanarity inspection, mark inspection and side inspection.

 

Bumped Wafer Inspector: the BWI product inspects the bumped wafer for 2D and 3D defects.

 

Flex Tape Inspection: the FTI product inspects the TAB and COF tape itself as well as the configured TCP products. It inspects dimensional integrity and surface defects.

 

List prices for the inspection machines range from € 120,000 to € 500,000.

 

Marketing & Sales

 

We pride ourselves on being a long-term reliable partner to our customers. We sell our products through a global sales and support network consisting of an experienced internal sales force and senior support staff and independent distributors. In addition to our headquarters facility in Heverlee, Belgium, we have sales and support offices in Japan, Singapore, Hong Kong and California (U.S.) and support staff in Taiwan, Korea, the Philippines and mainland China. (See Note 13 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for three year geographical information regarding our sales.)

 

We sell board-level and system-level products to semiconductor OEMs primarily through our direct sales force, as these customers require specific technical support for the integration of our systems in their products, prior to or at the time of delivery. For those products, the end-user service and support is provided by the OEM. We sell our inspection machines to semiconductor manufacturers either directly or through independent distributors who hold exclusive distribution rights for certain products in defined territories. We work closely with these distributors to ensure a high level of customer responsiveness and satisfaction, and to facilitate customer collaboration on product development.

 

Our sales network contains distributors for mainland China, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Thailand, the Philippines, Hong Kong, the United Kingdom and Costa Rica. We select these distributors for the quality and breadth of both their local organizations and customer relationships.

 

22


Table of Contents

Research & Development

 

Our core technology consists of two main areas: vision and handling. Vision technology forms the core of all our products as it is used to perform the numerous two and three dimensional inspection tasks in our products. Handling technology forms the basis of the mechanical systems that move and sort components in our inspection machines. We combine the vision and handling technology in a unique way to produce more accurate and more reliable inspection systems.

 

We apply highly optimized measuring methods and algorithms resulting in high subpixel accuracy. These algorithms are also optimized in terms of speed through a dedicated implementation on high-end DSP’s. We have developed high performance vision hardware based on a modular and cost effective architecture, allowing performance increases whenever additional inspection tasks or more complicated algorithms require more processing power. The measuring and inspection techniques are optimized for each specific component type and several compact image acquisition modules are offered for a wide variety of component types. The inspection modules enable integration into any type of handler and eliminate the need for complicated or accurate handling.

 

This modular architecture also allows for a high degree of software content. Developing real-time embedded software and user-friendly graphical user interfaces are therefore key elements of our research and development programs.

 

In addition to these key elements, our state-of-the-art vision systems require other important building blocks, such as optical subsystems, illumination modules and high resolution cameras. These building blocks are provided by suppliers with whom we have long standing partnerships and with whom we often share product roadmaps.

 

An important and growing part of ICOS’s product offering consists of complete inspection machines that include handling technology to move and sort the components. A key attribute of our measurement technology is that no motion is necessary to perform the inspection or measurement tasks. Therefore, the mechanics of the system are only needed to transport and sort, not inspect, our products. Based on this principle, we design high speed systems in a cost effective way.

 

The input/output media used on the handlers, such as trays, tubes and tape, have inherent positional tolerance. Therefore we combine our vision skills with our mechanical design skills and use ‘vision guiding’ to compensate for these tolerances and optimize the handling reliability. This unique feature secures safe handling and allows high-speed handling.

 

Since 2002, we have strengthened our research and development organization by opening a mechanical design center in Hong Kong. We added designers to this center in 2003 to further enhance our expertise in this key technology. The mechanical design center in Hong Kong works very closely together with our design centers in Belgium and Germany.

 

Besides developing our core technologies, we also stay current with new and challenging packaging technologies and their respective inspection requirements. We maintain regular contacts with packaging specialists employed by our customers, sharing product roadmaps and evaluating new technologies. Because we supply our inspection systems to most major IC manufacturers and their subcontractors and because we are a global market leader, we often can detect trends and start developments early.

 

To protect our intellectual property, we primarily rely on a combination of copyright and trademark laws, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions and, to a lesser extent, patents. We generally do not provide our customers access to the source codes of our software. We seek to protect

 

23


Table of Contents

our hardware, software and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws. Our circuit boards and board sets incorporate proprietary firmware designs, which are designed in-house. Our board-level software is specifically designed to run only on these proprietary boards, further safeguarding this software from unauthorized use and embedding inspection methods in the software to limit re-engineering. Currently, we have one patent (expiring 2011) issued in Belgium, the United States, Europe, Japan and certain other territories for the 3D dual-shadow measuring method of lead coplanarity and four pending patent applications in diverse jurisdictions, related to other 3D inspection methods and handling techniques.

 

We also from time to time subcontract with the University of Leuven and other third parties, and have obtained grants from the regional government of Flanders and from the European Community to support certain of our research and developments efforts.

 

Operations

 

To operate in a cyclical market, we have established a flexible production model that allows the company to operate with limited fixed costs and adapt quickly to changing volumes in the market. The company subcontracts to third parties major subassemblies including printed circuit boards, chassis, optical modules and mechanical handlers. Subcontractors are selected on the basis of quality, delivery time and price, and a sophisticated supply chain management system that controls and supports the network of subcontractors. We rely on one or only a limited number of suppliers for certain key components and subassemblies for our products. Our inability to obtain components in required quantities and of acceptable quality could result in significant delays or reductions in product shipments.

 

For the board-level and system-level inspection systems, we perform final assembly, test, burn-in and quality control at our headquarters in Belgium. For the mechanical handlers, we maintain quality assurance staff on site with the most important subcontractors for quality control and final acceptance. The subcontractors for the mechanical handlers are located in Germany, China and Singapore.

 

To further increase our flexibility and our quality control, we acquired in March 2004 Jointech Precision Equipment (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., located in China, a final assembly and quality control plant.

 

Human Resources

 

As of December 31, 2003, the company employed a full-time equivalent of 173 people world-wide, including 63 in Research & Development, 55 in Marketing & Sales (including technical support services), 40 in Operations and 15 in General & Administrative services. Of these 173 people, 103 are employed in Belgium. For more information about our employees and employee relations, see Item 6(B) below.

 

Competition

 

The markets for our products are intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological change. We compete with other vendors of machine vision and inspection systems, with companies offering products based on alternative technology, with the internal engineering efforts of our current or prospective customers and with local companies in the various geographic markets in which we operate.

 

Our competitors include Cognex Corporation, Robotic Vision Systems, Inc., Yasunaga Ltd., Semiconductor Technologies and Instruments Pte Ltd., and August Technology Corporation. Certain of our competitors and potential competitors may have substantially greater manufacturing, financial, systems and marketing resources than us. In addition, these competitors may have the ability to respond

 

24


Table of Contents

more quickly to new or emerging technologies, may adapt more quickly to changes in customer requirements and may devote greater resources to the development, promotion and sale of their products than we do. We may also be operating at a cost disadvantage compared to manufacturers who have greater direct buying power from component suppliers or who have lower cost structures.

 

We believe that the principal competitive factors in the back-end semiconductor manufacturing and electronic assembly markets are product performance, including speed, accuracy and reliability, cost-effectiveness, quality, price, timeliness in delivering finished products, flexibility in adapting products to customers’ needs and customer support. We believe that we compete favorably with respect to these factors. However, once an original equipment manufacturer has selected its own or a competitor’s machine vision or inspection system for integration into its equipment, the original equipment manufacturer is likely to rely on that product for the life of that equipment model, and frequently for follow-on models, even if our products otherwise compare favorably to the vision or inspection product being used.

 

As a result, we are likely to achieve greater success in markets for our original equipment manufacturer products in which we already have an established original equipment manufacturer customer base, in developing markets where competing products have not been designed into original equipment manufacturer equipment, or in sales of stand-alone systems to end-users where integration is not a consideration. Increased competition could result in price reductions, reduced margins or loss of market share, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. There can be no assurance that we will be able to compete successfully or that our products will not be rendered obsolete by new industry standards or changing technology.

 

C. ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

 

Our strategy is to offer advanced inspection products to our customers along with superior world-wide support. As a result, Research and Development and Marketing and Sales account for the largest portion of total headcount. These functions differentiate us in the marketplace and provide the platform for future growth and profitability. Even during the recent, severe semiconductor market downturn, we continued to invest in research and development and to maintain high standards of customer support. Manufacturing is relatively small and flexible as we use third party subcontractors extensively in the production process, although with the acquisition of Jointech in March 2004, our manufacturing capacity will increase in 2004.

 

The company is structured as a holding company that is incorporated and located in Belgium. The business is carried out by wholly owned subsidiaries and liaison offices as follows on February 18, 2004:

 

Name


  

Location


ICOS Vision Systems NV

   Belgium

ICOS Vision Systems GmbH

   Germany

ICOS Vision Systems Inc.

   USA

ICOS Vision Systems Ltd.

   Japan

ICOS Vision Systems Limited

and its liaison offices in Taiwan, Korea, Philippines and China.

   Hong Kong

ICOS Vision Systems Pte. Ltd.

  

Singapore

(Incorporated on May 14, 2003)

 

25


Table of Contents

As of June 1, 2003, the activities of the Singapore branch office were transferred to the newly formed subsidiary, ICOS Vision Systems Pte. Ltd.

 

D. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

 

Our headquarters are located in the Research Park in Heverlee (Leuven), Belgium in a 5,800 square meters, two building complex on a 20,000 square meters parcel of land. Prior to 2002, we occupied a 3,605 square meters building located on 10,000 square meters of land, both of which we still own. We intend to rent this building complex to third parties. As of January 1, 2003, about 1,000 square meters have been rented. A € 6.4 million loan facility from Dexia Bank (Belgium) was obtained on February 26, 2002 (see Note 8 to our Consolidated Financial Statements) and is secured by a mortgage on all of our buildings.

 

We lease office space in the following locations: Santa Clara, California; Oberhaching, Germany; Yokohama, Japan; Seoul, Korea; Hsinchu, Taiwan; Shanghai, China; Singapore; and in Hong Kong.

 

Glossary

 

Assembly

   The process of transforming a wafer into individual IC’s, with protective housing and contact leads or balls, but excluding the electrical test and the final inspection.

Back-end

   The complete process of transforming a wafer into individual IC’s, with protective housing and contact leads or balls, including the electrical test and the final inspection. The back-end includes assembly, test and final inspection.

BGA

   Ball Grid Array

BWI

   Bumped Wafer Inspector

COF

   Chip On Film, package based on TAB.

CSP

   Chip Scale Package

DCA

   Direct Chip Attach

DSP

   Digital Signal Processor

FCIP

   Flip Chip In Package

FCOB

   Flip Chip On Board

Final Assembly

   See back-end.

Final inspection

   The final step in the manufacturing process. This includes the optical inspection and in many cases also the taping of the devices. In certain cases, other functions such as laser marking or electrical test may be included.

Finishing Equipment

   The last equipment that any IC or semiconductor component goes through. Finishing equipment typically performs the final outgoing inspection of the semiconductor components, but may also perform other functions such as taping or even electrical test.

Front-end

   The wafer manufacturing process.

IC

   Integrated Circuits

Inspection Machines

   ICOS product line of stand-alone inspection systems.

LCD

   Liquid Crystal Display

LFCSP

   Lead Frame CSP

OEM

   Original equipment manufacturer or producer of production equipment

 

26


Table of Contents

Packaging

   See Back-end

QFN

   Quad Flat pack, No leads

QFP

   Quad Flat Pack

SO

   Small Outline package

TAB

   Tape Automated Bonding. Packaging technique in which the die is mounted on a flexible tape that contains the contacts or leads to the outside world.

Taping

   Putting the semiconductor devices in the pockets of a specially designed embossed tape, which is automatically sealed and rolled onto a reel. Components are often taped, as this is the preferred format to ship the components to the end-users that will mount them on printed circuit boards for electronic applications.

TCP

   Tape Carrier Package, package based on TAB.

Test

   The electrical test of the device, ensuring its proper functioning.

TSOP

   Thin Small Outline Package

 

27


Table of Contents

ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS.

 

The following Operating and Financial Review and Prospects contain forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” in Item 3.D. and elsewhere in this Annual Report.

 

A. OPERATING RESULTS

 

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

 

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to product returns, bad debts, inventories, investments, intangible assets, income taxes, warranty obligations, restructuring and contingencies and litigation. We base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

 

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements:

 

Revenue Recognition. We recognize revenues from the sale of our vision and inspection products and of spare parts upon delivery for OEM products and installation for inspection machines, provided that persuasive evidence of an arrangement exist, that transfer of title and risk of loss have passed to the customer, that no significant obligation remains, and that the collection of the related trade account receivable is reasonably assured. We have no significant contractual post-shipment support obligations to our customers, except for certain warranty obligations. Transport and handling costs are recorded in cost of goods sold in the same period the related revenue is recognized. We provide warranty coverage on our products from the date of shipment. The warranty period is generally 12 to 24 months. We have estimated the cost of warranty coverage to be approximately 2% of revenues derived from the last year sales of end user products. This estimation, included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the period of revenue recognition, is subject to review and may be changed when deemed appropriate by management. In the periods presented, our warranty experience was consistent with these estimates.

 

Inventory. Our inventories include materials, direct labor and manufacturing costs and an appropriate allocation of indirect overhead costs, and are stated at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, or market. We perform periodic reviews of inventories and provide for excess and obsolete inventory or dispose of such inventory as considered necessary. Due to changing market conditions in the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries, in 2001 we conducted a thorough review of the inventory in all of our product lines. As a result, a provision for inventory losses of € 6.0 million in 2001 was charged against costs of goods sold in those periods to write down inventory to its net realizable value. As a result of an improved business climate in 2002 and 2003, we were able to use some of our inventory that was previously written down, and accordingly the allowance was reduced to € 4.4 million as

 

28


Table of Contents

of December 31, 2002 and to € 3.3 million as of December 31, 2003. We determine our allowance for inventory write-down based on our then best estimates of product sales and customer demand patterns and our plans to transition our products. It is possible that the estimates we use to determine our provision for inventory write-down could be materially different from the actual amounts or results. These differences could result in materially different future expected inventory provisions, which could have a material impact on our financial position and results of operations.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments. Consistent with our collection experience, our allowance and bad debt write-offs have not been significant during the last three years. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate, resulting in an impairment of their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required.

 

Goodwill. We recorded goodwill of € 2.0 million with the acquisition of Qtec Industrie Automation GMBH during 1998. It was being amortized on a straight-line basis over an eight-year period. We incurred amortization expense for this asset of € 256,000 for the year ended December 31, 2001. We adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, as of January 1, 2002. Under SFAS No. 142, goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful live are not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in the course of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142. SFAS No. 142 also requires that intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. We believe that no material impairment of goodwill existed as of December 31, 2003. However, pursuant to SFAS No. 142, we may determine in the future that goodwill has become materially impaired, in which case an adjustment would be made.

 

Restructuring Charge. In June and November 2001, we reduced our fixed cost structure in response to our significantly reduced revenues, we implemented two cost realignment programs that included a combination of salary and headcount reductions across all geographies and functions, shortened workweeks, and made general and administrative expense cuts. In total, we recorded € 0.6 million of costs associated with these restructuring plans in the year 2001. This charge was included in selling, general and administrative expenses, and was fully paid prior to December 31, 2001.

 

Legal Contingencies. We are currently involved in legal proceedings that we discuss in part in “Risk Factors” in Item 3.D., in Item 8, and elsewhere in this Annual Report, including Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. In connection with these legal proceedings, management periodically reviews estimates of potential costs we may incur in the future in connection with the adjudication or settlement, if any, of these proceedings. These estimates are developed in consultation with outside counsel and are based on an analysis of potential litigation outcomes and settlement strategies. In accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies, loss contingencies are accrued if, in the opinion of management, an adverse outcome is probable and such outcome can be reasonably estimated. We do not believe that these proceedings will have a material adverse effect on our financial position; however, it is possible that future results for any particular quarter or annual period may be materially affected by changes in our assumptions or the effectiveness of our strategies relating to these proceedings.

 

29


Table of Contents

Financial Data

 

The following table sets forth certain financial data for the periods indicated as a percentage of revenues:

 

     Years Ended December 31,

 
     2003

    2002

    2001

 

Revenues

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Cost of goods sold

   43.3     40.0     65.7  
    

 

 

Gross profit

   56.7     60.0     34.3  

Operating expenses:

                  

Research and development

   14.5     21.8     29.9  

Selling, general and administrative

   29.0     39.3     55.0  

Amortization of goodwill

   —       —       1.0  

Total operating expenses

   43.5     61.1     85.9  
    

 

 

Income (loss) from operations

   13.2     (1.1 )   (51.6 )

Net other income (loss)

   0.2     (4.9 )   6.2  
    

 

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

   13.4     (6.0 )   (45.4 )

Income taxes

   1.5     2.0     (12.4 )
    

 

 

Net income (loss)

   11.9 %   (8.0 )%   (33.0 )%
    

 

 

 

Years ended December 31, 2003 and December 31, 2002

 

Revenues. In 2003, sales to Europe, Japan, the rest of Asia, and the United States accounted for 25%, 16%, 48% and 11% of our revenues, respectively. In 2002, sales to these territories accounted for 26%, 20%, 49% and 5% of our revenues, respectively. Our business is conducted primarily in Euro (“€”), U.S. dollars and Japanese yen. As a result of conducting business in multiple currencies and in multiple countries, our business and results of operations are subject to risks of currency fluctuations as well as other risks associated with international sales generally.

 

Our business is highly dependent upon the capital expenditures of back-end semiconductor manufacturers and electronic assemblers, and our ability to develop, manufacture and sell new products and product enhancements. Our results will also be affected, especially when measured on a quarterly basis, by volume, composition and timing of orders, conditions in the industries we serve, competition and general economic conditions.

 

Our revenues increased by 46.5% to € 44.8 million in 2003, compared to € 30.6 million in 2002. From 2002 to 2003, board-level product revenues increased from € 4.7 million to € 6.6 million, system-level inspection product revenues increased from € 4.4 million to € 6.4 million and stand-alone inspection machine revenues increased from € 21.5 million to € 31.8 million. These increases in revenues were primarily attributable to increases in units sold.

 

Gross Profit. Gross profit margin decreased to 56.7% in 2003 from 60.0% in 2002. As a result of an improved business climate in each of 2002 and 2003, our gross profit margin reflected the benefit of a € 1.6 million reduction in our provision for inventory write-down in 2002 and a € 1.1 million further reduction of that provision in 2003. The reduction in this provision improved our gross profit margin by 5.2% in 2002 and 2.5% in 2003. We expect that there will continue to be periodic fluctuations in our gross profit margin resulting from changes in our product sales mix and from currency fluctuations. Our

 

30


Table of Contents

inspection machines normally generate lower margins than our board-level and system-level products, due to their relatively higher material content. Following the completion of our acquisition in China, we expect our gross margin to benefit in 2004 from production efficiencies.

 

Research and Development. Research and development expenses decreased by 2.4% to € 6.5 million, 14.5% of revenues in 2003, compared to € 6.7 million, 21.8% of revenues in 2002. In addition to these expenses, in 2003 we offset approximately € 502,000 of research and development expenses through government project funding recognized during that period, compared to approximately € 339,000 of such funding recognized in 2002. As such, our total funded and unfunded research and development expenses remained unchanged in the last two years. As of December 31, 2003, we had 63 employees primarily engaged in research and development compared to 60 employees as of December 31, 2002. We believe that research and development expenditures are essential to maintaining our competitive position and expect to maintain the current level of research and development expenditures in the foreseeable future to support our commitment to new product development efforts.

 

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased by 8.1% to € 13.0 million, 29.0% of revenues in 2003, from € 12.0 million, 39.3% of revenues in 2002. The increase of selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily related to the higher level of commission expenses in 2003, which is related directly to the increased level of revenues of 2003.

 

Net Other Income (Expense). In 2003, we recorded € 100,000 of net other income compared to € 1.5 million of net other expense in 2002. The difference was primarily attributable to currency exchange losses in the year 2002 amounting to € 2.0 million, compared to the currency exchange losses of approximately € 0.2 million in 2003. We recognize foreign currency exchange gains or losses on changes in the value of our assets, such as accounts receivable and cash deposits, denominated in currencies other than the Euro, based upon changes in exchange rates of those currencies in relation to the Euro. In 2002, a majority of our sales were denominated in U.S. dollars, which resulted in the significant foreign exchange loss as the value of the U.S. dollar, as compared to the Euro, declined during the year. Despite the continued further decline in value of the U.S. dollar, as compared to the Euro, in the course of 2003, we were able to limit the currency exchange losses, following the change from the U.S. dollar to the Euro as our main invoicing currency. In 2003, of our total revenues, only approximately 22% were generated in U.S. dollars, compared to approximately 64% generated in U.S. dollars in 2002.

 

Income Taxes. Income tax expense was € 0.6 million in each of 2003 and 2002. Based on the improved business conditions and outlook for 2004, we benefited in 2003 from the release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in our Japanese subsidiary. In 2002, we included a tax expense of approximately € 0.7 million, following the enactment of the reduction of the Belgian Corporate Tax rate on December 31, 2002. Accordingly, we had to decrease in 2002 our deferred tax assets and liabilities.

 

Years Ended December 31, 2002 and December 31, 2001

 

Revenues. In 2002, sales to Europe, Japan, South-East Asia and the United States accounted for 26%, 20%, 49% and 5% of our revenues, respectively. In 2001, sales to these territories accounted for 37%, 21%, 34% and 8% of our revenues, respectively. Our revenues increased by 15% to € 30.6 million in 2002 compared to € 26.5 million in 2001. Despite the continued downturn in the semiconductor equipment industry, we were able to increase our revenues in a declining semiconductor equipment market. According to industry analysts, revenues for the semiconductor equipment market decreased 25% to 30% in 2002 compared to 2001. From 2001 to 2002, board-level product revenues increased from € 4.0 million to € 4.7 million, system-level inspection product revenues decreased from € 9.0 million to € 4.4

 

31


Table of Contents

million and stand-alone inspection machines revenues increased from € 13.5 million to € 21.5 million. These change in revenues were primarily attributable to increases or decreases, as applicable, in units sold.

 

Gross Profit. Gross margin increased to 60.0% in 2002 from 34.3% in 2001. Cost of goods sold in 2001 included an inventory write-down of € 6.0 million, or 22.6% of 2001 revenues. In 2002, as a result of an improved business climate, we reduced this allowance to € 4.4 million. The utilization of certain inventory that had been previously written down improved our gross margin in 2002 by 5.2%. Our revenues, of which approximately 64% were generated in U.S. Dollars, compared to our cost of goods sold, which were primarily incurred in Euro, adversely influenced the gross margin in 2002 following the depreciation of the U.S. Dollar versus the Euro.

 

Research and Development. Research and development expenses decreased by 15.2% to € 6.7 million, 21.8% of revenues, in 2002 compared to € 7.9 million, 29.9% of revenues, in 2001. In addition to these expenses, in 2002 we offset approximately € 339,000 of research and development expenses through government project funding recognized during that period, compared to approximately € 320,000 of such funding recognized in 2001. The decrease in research and development expenses was primarily attributable to the limitation of additional new development projects and postponing some new engagements within the research and development department, and the result of the fully implemented cost reduction programs of the year 2001. As of December 31, 2002, we had 60 employees primarily engaged in research and development compared to 61 employees as of December 31, 2001.

 

Selling, General and Administrative. Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased by 17.8% to € 12.0 million, 39.3% of revenues, in 2002 from € 14.6 million, 55.1% of revenues, in 2001. The further decrease of selling, general and administrative expenses was caused by the fully implemented cost reduction plans of June 2001 and November 2001. Included in selling, general and administrative expenses of the year 2001 is the restructuring charge of € 0.6 million related to these plans.

 

Net Other Income (Expense). In 2002, we recorded € 1.5 million of net other expense compared to € 1.6 million of net other income in 2001. This decrease was primarily attributable to currency exchange loss in the year 2002 amounting to € 2.0 million, compared to the currency exchange gains of approximately € 0.7 million in 2001, following the depreciation of the U.S. dollar versus the Euro in the course of 2002.

 

Income Taxes. Income tax expense was € 0.6 million in 2002 compared to an income tax benefit of € 3.3 million in 2001. Following the enactment of the reduction of the Belgian Corporate Tax rate on December 31, 2002, we had to decrease our deferred tax assets and liabilities accordingly, resulting in a tax expense of approximately € 0.7 million.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

On April 30, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (the Statement). The Statement amends Statement 133 to clarify the definition of a derivative, expand the nature of exemptions from Statement 133, clarify the application of hedge accounting when using certain instruments, clarify the application of paragraph 13 of Statement 133 to embedded derivative instruments in which the underlying is an interest rate, and modify the cash flow presentation of derivative instruments that contain financing elements. The provisions of this Statement are effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003 and hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003. The adoption of SFAS no. 149 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

 

32


Table of Contents

On May 15, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity (the Statement). The Statement requires issuers to classify as liabilities (or assets in some circumstance) three classes of freestanding instruments that embody obligations for the issuer. Generally, the Statement is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and is otherwise effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 150 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

 

B. LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had working capital of € 45.4 million, including € 29.5 million of cash and cash equivalents. In addition, as of that date we had lines of credit aggregating approximately € 5.8 million available from the Dexia Bank and Fortis Bank. As of December 31, 2003, we had no amounts outstanding under these facilities. These lines of credit bear interest at the banks’ market rates (6.99% as of December 31, 2003).

 

During 2003, operating activities provided net cash of € 5.1 million. Cash flow, defined as net income increased by non-cash items such as amortization, depreciation, provision for doubtful debts and deferred tax expense (benefit), amounted to a positive cash flow of € 5.4 million, while changes in operating assets and liabilities used € 367,000 in cash. Sources of cash as a result of changes in assets and liabilities included an increase in trade accounts payable of € 3.4 million and in accrued expenses of € 1.2 million that was entirely offset by an increase in accounts receivable of € 6.3 million, resulting from the increased level of activity, particularly in the fourth quarter of 2003.

 

During 2003, investing activities used € 0.3 million of cash including € 170,000, primarily for the construction and finalization of our new office facilities, the payment for which is now complete. The remainder of investments related primarily to the purchase of computer and manufacturing equipment. We do not foresee significant capital commitments for the year 2004. See Item 5.F. below for a further description of our contractual obligations.

 

During 2003, our financing activities used net cash of € 0.6 million, primarily for repayment of borrowings.

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had long-term obligations of approximately € 5.8 million consisting of long-term debt. As of that date, the current portion of these long-term obligations totaled € 0.6 million. Included in these long-term obligations, are the two long-term loans obtained from Dexia Bank on February 26, 2002 for a total amount of € 6.4 million. These loans are secured by a mortgage on our buildings and bear an interest rate of 6.30%. The first loan of € 4.4 million is required to be repaid in one quarterly installment of € 162,191 on June 30, 2002, followed by 39 equal quarterly installments of € 149,100. The second loan of € 2.0 million is required to be repaid in one quarterly installment of € 73,723 on June 30, 2002, followed by 39 equal quarterly installments of € 67,773. The quarterly installments for each of these loans include a principal and an interest component.

 

We also have several non-cancelable operating leases, primarily for motor vehicles and office premises, which expire over the next three to five years. As of December 31, 2003, the total minimum lease payments through 2008 will be approximately € 2.1 million.

 

33


Table of Contents

We believe that our existing resources, including our existing cash balances and cash generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet our currently planned working capital and capital expenditure requirements for at least the next 12 months.

 

C. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, PATENTS AND LICENSES, ETC.

 

Company Sponsored Research and Development

 

Our research and development efforts are focused on developing new vision and inspection products for the back-end semiconductor manufacturing, electronic assembly and related industries, and enhancing the functionality, reliability and performance of existing products. Our engineering, marketing, operations and management personnel have developed close collaborative relationships with many of their customer counterparts and have used these relationships to identify market demands and target our research and development efforts to meet those demands.

 

We also from time to time subcontract with the University of Leuven and other third parties, and have obtained grants from the regional government of Flanders and from the European Community, to support certain of our research and development efforts.

 

Major areas of our product development include the addition of new software modules to enhance the functionality of our existing products, the development of new hardware modules with more processing power and extended features, and the development of new measurement methods to enhance the performance of our products. We cannot assure that we will be able to develop new products effectively, to enhance our existing products or to respond effectively to technological changes or new industry standards or developments on a timely basis, if at all.

 

As of December 31, 2003, we had 63 employees engaged in research and development, including 18 persons involved in the research and development of new measurement methods, 24 persons involved in software development and 21 persons involved in hardware development.

 

In 2003, 2002 and 2001, our net research and development expenses were € 6.5 million, € 6.7 million and € 7.9 million, respectively.

 

D. TREND INFORMATION

 

The year 2003 demonstrated the advantages of our strategy of establishing and maintaining long-term partnerships with our customers and of continually investing in product development and customer support. Throughout the downturn, we did not deviate from this proven course, electing to continue investing in the future. As a result, we believe that we have gained market share and expanded our addressable market through an enlarged product portfolio. In fact, this strategy has produced revenue growth in each quarter since the end of 2001, against a market that was, for the most part, declining.

 

Therefore, we are entering 2004 with a great deal of confidence. Unlike last year, we are entering the year buoyed by a strong market recovery, which, according to many market researchers will extend into 2005. We expect that market-driven growth will come on top of other factors including continued market share gains, and revenues from new products in existing and emerging markets. We believe that we have the operational organization in place to react swiftly to the market upturn and we have the financial structure in place to translate top line growth into bottom line earnings.

 

34


Table of Contents

Our backlog as of February 29, 2004, was approximately € 32.9 million, compared with € 15.0 million as of February 28, 2003. Backlog reflects customer orders for products for which we have accepted purchase orders with assigned delivery dates within 24 months. The level of backlog at any particular time is not necessarily indicative of our future operating performance. Delivery schedules may be extended and orders may be canceled at any time subject to certain cancellation penalties.

 

E. OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

 

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, change in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.

 

F. TABULAR DISCLOSURE OF CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

 

The following is a summary of our contractual obligations, as specified below, as of December 31, 2003:

 

     Payments due by Period

Contractual Obligations

(in thousands of Euro)


   Total

  

Less than

1 year


  

1-3

years


  

3-5

years


  

More than

5 years


Long-Term Debt Obligations

   5,818    647    1,959    1,406    1,806

Operating Lease Obligations

   2,076    543    1,212    321      —  
    

  

  

  

  

Total

   7,894    1,190    3,171    1,727    1,806
    

  

  

  

  

 

As of December 31, 2003, the Company has no material contractual obligations outstanding with respect to capital expenditure.

 

Contractual obligations with respect to purchase commitments to subcontractors for the assembly of our products as of December 31, 2003, amount to € 3.1 million.

 

35


Table of Contents

ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES.

 

A. DIRECTORS AND SENIOR MANAGEMENT

 

Our directors and senior management, and any employees such as scientists or designers upon whose work we are dependent, as of the date of this Annual Report are as follows:

 

Name


   Age

  

Position


Joseph Verjans

   57   

Chairman of the Board of Directors

Antoon De Proft

   44   

President, Chief Executive Officer and Executive Director

August Smeyers

   49   

Vice President of Research and Development and Executive Director

Koen Gutscoven

   45   

Vice President of Marketing and Sales

Guido Vervoort

   50   

Vice President of Operations

Seiichi Kohnoike

   54   

General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems Ltd. (Japan)

Robin Kam

   40   

General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems Pte. Ltd. (Singapore)

Masoud (Max) Mirgoli

   41   

General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems Inc. (U.S.)

John Zabolitzky

   54   

General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems GmbH (Germany)

Stephan Wansleben

   47   

General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems GmbH (Germany)

Exeter International NV, represented by Paul de Vrée (1) (2)

   60   

Director

André Oosterlinck (1)

   57   

Director

Fred Chaffart (1)

   68   

Director


(1) Member of the Audit Committee
(2) Corporations may serve as directors of Belgian companies

 

36


Table of Contents

Joseph Verjans served as our Chief Executive Officer since he joined us in 1984. In 1989 he became our President and Chairman of our Board of Directors. Effective April 1, 2002, Mr. Verjans retired as President and Chief Executive Officer. He continues to serve us as Chairman of our Board of Directors. Prior to joining us, he served as the Equipment Manager in the Graphics Division of Agfa-Gevaert, a film and film processing equipment maker. Mr. Verjans received a Ph.D. degree in electronics from the University of Leuven in 1974.

 

Antoon De Proft has been our Chief Executive Officer since April 1, 2002. Previously, he served us from 1985 until 2000, first as application manager in the U.S. subsidiary and as Vice President, marketing and sales since 1989. Before that, he was employed as applications engineer at International Imaging Systems in the U.S. and as a researcher at the University of Leuven. In the period 2000-2001, he was active as a management consultant, specialized in medium to mid-sized high tech companies. Mr. De Proft received a master’s degree in electromechanical engineering from the University of Leuven in 1982 as well as a degree in medical engineering.

 

August Smeyers joined us in 1985 as the Applications Development Manager and has served as our Vice President of Research and Development since 1987 and as a director since 1989. Prior to joining us, he was the Applications Manager for real-time automation systems at General Engineering and Training N.V., an automation company. Mr. Smeyers received a master’s degree in electro-mechanical engineering from the University of Leuven in 1976.

 

Koen Gutscoven joined us in 1994 as the Area Sales Manager for South-East Asia, responsible for coordinating the sales and technical support activities in the area. He has served as Vice President of Marketing and Sales since November 1999. Prior to joining us, he was Sales Manager for Rosemount Belgium (1987 – 1991, distributed control systems for the chemical process industry) and European Sales Manager for Intec Europe (1991 – 1994, inspection systems for the paper and plastic industry). Mr. Gutscoven received a master’s degree in chemical engineering from the University of Brussels in 1981.

 

Guido Vervoort has served as our Vice President of Operations since he joined us in 1985. He received degrees in management and electronics from Horito Technical Institute in 1983 and 1970, respectively, and received a degree in industrial engineering and nuclear physics from Hortok Technical Institute in 1973.

 

Seiichi Kohnoike joined us in January 2002 as General Manager of our Japanese subsidiary. Prior to joining us, he was Sales Manager for National Semiconductor in Japan from 1979 to 1987. Throughout the years 1987 to 1997, he served as the Regional Sales Manager of AMD Japan, followed by a position of General Manager and Representative Director of Lattice Semiconductor Japan (formerly known as Vantis Japan), a subsidiary of AMD Japan from 1997 until 2000. Prior to joining us, he served as President and Representative Director of Picture Tel. Japan.

 

Robin Kam has served as the General Manager of our Singapore subsidiary since he joined us in 1996. From 1995 to 1996, he served as General Manager of the Asia Pacific division of IPC Peripherals (PTE) Ltd., a manufacturer and supplier of computer peripherals. From 1991 to 1995, he served as General Manager of Rahmonics Resources PTE Ltd., a digital signal processing company.

 

Masoud (Max) Mirgoli joined us in early 2001 as General Manager of ICOS Vision Systems Inc. Prior to joining us, from 1995 to 2001, he served as the Senior General Manager of Automation and Controls division of Matsushita Electric Works of America, one of the leading global manufacturers of semiconductor automation products, responsible for the operations in Canada, North and South America.

 

37


Table of Contents

He received a degree in electrical engineering and a master’s degree in Business Administration from the College of Notre Dame in the U.S.

 

John G. Zabolitzky joined us upon our acquisition of Qtec, as a wholly-owned subsidiary, in July 1998. Mr. Zabolitzky has served as a Managing Director of Qtec since co-founding that company in March 1994. Prior to joining Qtec, he served as General Manager of Botec Engineering GmbH, a machine vision company, from 1991 to 1994. From 1987 to 1991, he served as Technical Director for Kontron Electronik GmbH, a manufacturer of computers, computer periphery, and electronic measurement and machine vision equipment. From 1985 to 1987, he was a Professor of theoretical Physics and Fellow of the Supercomputer Institute at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis. Before that he was a Professor of Physics at Cologne University, Germany. Dr. Zabolitzky received his Ph.D. from the Ruhr-University Bochum, Germany in 1972.

 

Stephan Wansleben joined us upon our acquisition of Qtec, as a wholly-owned subsidiary, in July 1998. Mr. Wansleben has served as a Managing Director of Qtec since co-founding that company in March 1994. From 1990 to 1994, he served as Managing Director of Botec Electronics GmbH, a machine vision company working in the field of automotive applications. Between 1987 and 1990, he was R&D manager for Computer Graphics and Medical Image Analysis with Kontron Elektronik GmbH. Between 1985 and 1987, he served as research associate at the Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Advanced Computational Methods Center of the University of Georgia in the U.S. He received a diploma in Physics and a doctorate in Mathematical Physics from the University of Cologne, Germany.

 

Paul de Vrée is one of our co-founders and served as Chairman of our Board of Directors from our inception until 1989. He became a director, as the representative of his management company, Exeter International NV, in September 1997. In 1983, he founded Advent Management Belgium, a venture capital company associated with Advent International and has served as its Managing Director until 1997, when he founded Rendex, a European venture capital company.

 

André Oosterlinck is also one of our co-founders. He served as a Director from 1982 until 1988 and has served us again as Director since 1989. Dr. Oosterlinck earned his Ph.D. degree in computer science in 1972 from the University of Leuven, has been a full professor at the University of Leuven since 1984 and has served as its President since 1995.

 

Fred Chaffart holds a Masters Degree in Economics and completed the Senior Executive Program of Stanford University. He started his career in his family’s business, was subsequently part of the Marketing Department of Proctor & Gamble and then worked as a consultant. After serving as Commercial Director in different Financial Departments, he held leading positions in several companies of the Belgian sugar and cement industry. Later, he also became President of Fortis Bank Belgium. Currently he holds directorships with various companies and is President of the Management School at the University of Antwerp.

 

There are no family relationships among any of our directors, senior management and key employees.

 

B. COMPENSATION

 

The total amount of fees paid in 2003 to all directors, including the fees provided to members of our Audit Committee in their capacity as such, amounted to € 52,750. No loans nor advance payments are given to directors.

 

38


Table of Contents

The overall gross remuneration paid to the members of management during 2003 amounted to € 1.5 million. No loans nor advance payments are given to managers.

 

As of February 17, 2003, 117,950 options to purchase ICOS common stock were attributable to members of management. The exercise price of these options is $5.50 and the exercise period runs from January 1, 2004 to December 5, 2009.

 

C. BOARD PRACTICES

 

At the General Meeting of Shareholders held on May 14, 2002, all of the following Directors were elected for a term ending immediately after the annual meeting of 2008, unless their terms are earlier terminated by a vote of the stockholders: Messrs. Joseph Verjans, August Smeyers, André Oosterlinck, Fred Chaffart and Exeter International NV, represented by Mr. Paul De Vrée. At the same General Meeting of Stockholders, Mr. Antoon De Proft was appointed as a new Director, also for a term ending immediately after the annual meeting of 2008, unless earlier terminated by a vote of the stockholders.

 

At the General Meeting of Shareholders held on May 13, 2003, all of the following Directors were appointed as independent Directors in accordance with Article 524, § 4 of the Belgian Company Code: Messrs. André Oosterlinck and Fred Chaffart and Exeter International NV, represented by Mr. Paul De Vrée as its permanent representative, for a term ending immediately after the annual meeting of 2008, the date of the expiry date of their current mandate.

 

At the same General Meeting of Shareholders held on May 13, 2003, the Board of Directors was authorized to determine the fixed remuneration of the directors that are members of any advisory committee created by the Board of Directors, whereby such remuneration may not amount to more than € 1,000 per meeting of such committee, and without prejudice to the powers of the shareholders’ meeting to determine, modify or abolish such remuneration.

 

Under our Articles of Association, our management and Joseph Verjans are entitled to nominate the majority of the members and one member, respectively, of our Board of Directors. The right of Mr. Verjans to nominate a candidate for election to the Board is transferable to any stockholder at any time, but in any event will expire upon the death of Mr. Verjans.

 

Functioning of the Board of Directors and its Special Committees.

 

The Board of Directors meets upon invitation of the Chairman of the Board or of the Executive Director and CEO, whenever the Company’s interests require it, or when any director requests a meeting. The Board of Directors held eight meetings during 2003.

 

The main topics on which the Board of Directors deliberates are the mission and the strategy of the Company, matters of world-wide economic importance, the development of new activities or discontinuation of existing activities, the establishment and closure of group companies, general corporate and social policy, mergers and acquisitions, and the hiring and remuneration of senior management. The group’s budgets and periodic financial results and cash flows are evaluated by the Board.

 

As a special matter of attention, the Board of Directors is closely monitoring ICOS’s compliance, within the applicable time frames for foreign private issuers, with the new SEC rules and Nasdaq listing standards implemented as a result of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Some of these matters are delegated to special committees operating under a written charter from the Board of Directors.

 

39


Table of Contents

The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a written Charter that was approved and adopted by the Board of Directors. Under the provisions of the current Audit Committee Charter, the Audit Committee is responsible for, among other things: recommending to the Board of Directors the nomination of the independent auditor; reviewing and monitoring the financial reporting process and internal control systems; reviewing the annual financial statements, the scope of the audit and the role and performance of the independent auditor; reviewing the independence of the independent auditors; providing an open avenue for communication between the independent auditor, management and the Board of Directors; and reviewing its Charter annually. The Audit Committee is authorized to seek outside legal or other advice to the extent it deems necessary or appropriate, provided it shall keep the board advised as to the nature and extent of such outside advice. It is furthermore authorized to confer with Company management and other employees. In accordance with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and in order to preserve the independence of the auditor, the Audit Committee has implemented in February 2003, a pre-approval procedure for audit and all permitted non-audit services. The Members of the Audit Committee are Mr. André Oosterlinck (Chairman), Mr. Fred Chaffart and Exeter International NV, represented by Mr. Paul de Vrée. The Audit Committee held four meetings during fiscal 2003.

 

A Remuneration Committee was installed during 2001 and is responsible for, among other things: recommending and reviewing all remuneration and compensation of the senior management. Members of the Remuneration Committee are Mr. André Oosterlinck (Chairman), Mr. Fred Chaffart and Exeter International NV, represented by Mr. Paul de Vrée. The Remuneration Committee held one meeting during fiscal 2003.

 

A majority of the Directors has to be present or be represented to enable the Board to validly deliberate and make decisions. Decisions are reached by majority of the votes. In the event of a tie, the Chairman has the casting vote.

 

D. EMPLOYEES

 

The total number of persons we employ is expressed below in full-time equivalents at the end of each reported period.

 

As of December 31, 2003, we employed 173 persons, including 55 in Marketing & Sales (including technical support services), 63 in Research & Development, 40 in Operations, and 15 in General & Administrative services. Of those employees, 103 were employed at our Belgium headquarters in Heverlee, 17 were employed in Germany, 5 were employed in the United States, 17 were employed in Japan, 9 were employed in Singapore and 22 were employed in other South-East Asian countries.

 

As of December 31, 2002, we employed 150 persons, including 46 in Marketing & Sales (including technical support services), 60 in Research & Development, 29 in Operations, and 15 in General and Administrative services. Of those employees, 91 were employed at our Belgium headquarters in Heverlee, 17 were employed in Germany, 5 were employed in the United States, 17 were employed in Japan, 8 were employed in Singapore and 12 were employed in other South-East Asian countries.

 

40


Table of Contents

As of December 31, 2001, we employed 152 persons, including 46 in Marketing & Sales (including technical support services), 61 in Research & Development, 25 in Operations, and 20 in General and Administrative services. Of those employees, 94 were employed at our Belgium headquarters in Heverlee, 17 were employed in Germany, 6 were employed in the United States, 19 were employed in Japan, 8 were employed in Singapore and 8 were employed in other South-East Asian countries.

 

To our knowledge, none of our employees are represented by any collective bargaining organization. However, every industry sector in Belgium has its own joint Labor Committee in which employee and employer representatives on a national level negotiate certain terms and conditions of employment in the sector, including minimum wages, working hours, work rules and certain other matters.

 

The collective bargaining agreements concluded by the joint Labor Committee applicable to our industry sector apply to us and our employees in Belgium. Moreover, Belgian law requires companies employing a weighted average of 100 or more employees to set up a workers’ council, composed of representatives of our employees and management. Workers’ councils have an advisory function, are entitled to certain corporate, financial, commercial and personnel information, and are involved in cases of collective dismissal procedures. The determination of the number of employees for purposes of setting up a workers’ council is based on a one-year period preceding the quarter in which the election procedure must be initiated. We were required to set up a workers’ council at the scheduled election of the council in 2000. However, as no employee presented himself as a candidate for this election, no elections were held and no workers’ council was installed. Under Belgian law, we will again be required to set up a workers’ council at the scheduled election of the council in 2004. These elections will take place on May 13, 2004 if employees would present themselves as candidates for this election. In addition, Belgian employment law imposes substantial minimum terms of notice in connection with the termination of employment agreements. The actual length of such terms depends on the age, seniority and salary level of the employee, and in certain instances may exceed one year. In the event that we terminate an employee, we are under an obligation to pay the employee an amount equal to the salary that otherwise would have been payable during the term of notice. We believe that our relationships with our employees are good.

 

E. SHARE OWNERSHIP

 

Share Ownership

 

With respect to the share ownership of our 13 executive officers and directors, see the disclosure below in Item 7, Major Shareholders and Related Party Transactions.

 

41


Table of Contents

ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS.

 

A. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS

 

The following table sets forth certain information as of February 18, 2004, with respect to the beneficial ownership of our common stock by: (i) each director, senior manager and key employee, and (ii) each person known by us to own 5% or more of our common stock. This information is based upon information received from or on behalf of the named individuals.

 

Name


   Shares of Common Stock
Beneficially Owned (1) (2)


   Percent of Class
of Common Stock


 

Joseph Verjans (3)

   1,741,327    16.5 %

August Smeyers

   838,954    8.0 %

Guido Vervoort

   363,762    3.5 %

Antoon De Proft

   318,531    3.0 %

André Oosterlinck

   170,950    1.6 %

Koen Gutscoven

   *    *  

John Zabolitzky

   *    *  

Robin Kam

   *    *  

Stephan Wansleben

   *    *  

Exeter International NV,

Represented by Mr. Paul De Vrée

   *    *  

Masoud (Max) Mirgoli

   *    *  

Seiichi Kohnoike

   *    *  

Fred Chaffart

   *    *  

All directors and officers as a group (13 persons) (2) (3)

   3,595,730    34.1 %

* Less than 1% of the outstanding and issued shares of Common Stock.
(1) Unless otherwise noted, to our knowledge each person identified possesses sole voting and investment power with respect to the outstanding and issued shares listed.
(2) Includes options to purchase 29,488 shares that are currently exercisable, or exercisable within 60 days of the date of this table, issued to senior managers.
(3) Includes 19,000 shares of stock held by a company controlled by Mr. Verjans.

 

42


Table of Contents

There have been no significant changes in ownership held by any major shareholders during the past three years.

 

Except for the nomination rights described in Item 6.C., Directors, Senior Management and Employees – Board Practices, above, there are no other differences in the voting rights of our stockholders.

 

As of March 31, 2004 the percentage of our common stock held of record in the United States was 70.4%. This percentage includes shares held of record by CeDe&Co, which holds record title to shares on behalf of beneficial holders in the United States and other countries, including Belgium. As of March 31, 2004, there were 18 United States record holders of our common stock.

 

To our knowledge, we are not directly or indirectly controlled or owned by another corporation(s), any foreign government, or by any other natural or legal person(s) severally or jointly.

 

There are no arrangements known to us that may operate at a subsequent date to cause a change in control.

 

B. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

 

F-3 Registration Statement Relating to Shares Held by Joseph Verjans

 

At the request of Mr. Verjans, we prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission a Registration Statement on Form F-3 on July 30, 2002, to register for sale up to 1,200,000 shares of our common stock held by Mr. Verjans. Mr. Verjans obtained these securities in various transactions, mainly in the period from 1989 through 1996. Under the Registration Statement, Mr. Verjans will be able to offer these shares for sale from time to time.

 

We will not receive any proceeds from sales Mr. Verjans may execute under this Registration Statement. Mr. Verjans will pay normal commission expenses and brokerage fees in connection with any sales. We have agreed to pay legal, accounting and other expenses in connection with the registration of the securities covered by the Registration Statement.

 

C. INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

 

Not Applicable

 

43


Table of Contents

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION.

 

A. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS AND OTHER FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Consolidated Financial Statements

 

Our consolidated Financial Statements and Other Financial Information are listed under Item 18 in this Report.

 

Legal Proceedings

 

In July 2000, we were served with a Summons and Complaint by Scanner Technologies Corporation (“Scanner”) in the United States District Court, Southern District of New York. The Complaint alleged that certain of our products, which relate to stereo vision inspection of ball grid array, chip scale package and bumped wafer products, infringe U.S. Patent Numbers 6,064,756 and 6,064,757. Although we believe that our technology and products did not infringe any of these patents, we settled the case in 2003 for the majority of the systems. For the remainder of the systems, the Court ruled that we were not infringing the patents. We had recorded provisions in respect of related legal expenses amounting to approximately € 0.5 million and € 1.0 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The settlement fee of $ 0.4 million was paid in 2003 and was covered by these provisions.

 

Scanner appealed this ruling in 2003. The oral hearing in the appeal took place on February 6, 2004. The Court ruling is expected within 90 days of the oral hearing, but there are no guarantees on the timing of the ruling.

 

If we are successful in the appeal, the litigation with Scanner is expected to be over. If we are not successful, we believe that we have meritorious defenses to Scanner’s allegations. We believe that as sales of the alleged infringing product have been limited, an adverse ruling in the appeal will not have a significant impact on the Company, other than legal expenses. We will continue to vigorously defend our interests.

 

Dividend Policy

 

Under Belgian law, dividends, if any, may be paid only out of our profits legally available for distribution and only if approved by a vote of our stockholders. Our current policy is to recommend that stockholders do not vote to declare any dividends in order for us to retain our earnings for use in the operation and expansion of our business.

 

B. SIGNIFICANT CHANGES

 

Not Applicable

 

44


Table of Contents

ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING.

 

A. OFFER AND LISTING DETAILS.

 

Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market and on Euronext Brussels (as of June 4, 2003) under the symbol “IVIS”. Our stock previously was also listed on Nasdaq Europe (until August 15, 2003). The following tables set forth information regarding the range of high and low sales prices on the Nasdaq National Market, Nasdaq Europe and Euronext Brussels for our common stock for the periods indicated. Public trading for our common stock commenced on the Nasdaq National Market on December 10, 1997. We currently have a dual listing on the Nasdaq National Market and Euronext Brussels.

 

(1) The five most recent full financial years:

 

     Common Stock Price

     Nasdaq

   Nasdaq Europe

   Euronext

     (in U.S. dollars)    (in U.S. dollars)    (in Euro)
     High

   Low

   High

   Low

   High

   Low

1999

   $ 24.00    $ 11.13    $ 22.30    $ 12.13      —        —  

2000

   $ 45.00    $ 13.50    $ 44.00    $ 13.00      —        —  

2001

   $ 21.44    $ 4.24    $ 21.25    $ 3.50      —        —  

2002

   $ 8.62    $ 1.85    $ 8.70    $ 4.45      —        —  

2003

   $ 18.30    $ 4.50    $ 8.63    $ 4.00    14.50    6.10

 

(2) Each full financial quarter for the two most recent full financial years and subsequent period:

 

     Common Stock Price

     Nasdaq

   Nasdaq Europe

   Euronext

     (in U.S. dollars)    (in U.S. dollars)    (in Euro)
     High

   Low

   High

   Low

   High

   Low

Quarter ended March 31, 2002

   $ 8.62    $ 6.60    $ 8.70    $ 6.80      —        —  

Quarter ended June 30, 2002

   $ 8.50    $ 6.33    $ 8.40    $ 6.70      —        —  

Quarter ended September 30, 2002

   $ 7.50    $ 3.80    $ 6.95    $ 4.45      —        —  

Quarter ended December 31, 2002

   $ 6.75    $ 1.85    $ 6.00    $ 4.50      —        —  

Quarter ended March 31, 2003

   $ 5.60    $ 4.50    $ 5.60    $ 4.00      —        —  

Quarter ended June 30, 2003

   $ 7.90    $ 5.05    $ 7.78    $ 4.93    6.94    6.20

Quarter ended September 30, 2003

   $ 10.84    $ 6.91    $ 8.63    $ 7.05    9.55    6.10

Quarter ended December 31, 2003

   $ 18.30    $ 9.41      —        —      14.50    8.30

 

45


Table of Contents
(3) Each month for the most recent six months:

 

     Common Stock Price

     Nasdaq

   Euronext

     (in U.S. dollars)    (in Euro)
     High

   Low

   High

   Low

September 2003

   $ 10.84    $ 9.80    9.55    8.50

October 2003

   $ 16.00    $ 9.41    12.90    8.30

November 2003

   $ 14.60    $ 11.01    12.50    10.50

December 2003

   $ 18.30    $ 13.00    14.50    12.11

January 2004

   $ 27.00    $ 18.40    21.64    14.40

February 2004

   $ 36.35    $ 23.85    26.59    19.50

 

The last reported sale price of the Common Stock on March 31, 2004 on the Nasdaq National Market was $ 30.81 per share and on Euronext was € 25.45 per share.

 

B. PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

 

Not Applicable

 

C. MARKETS

 

As of the date of this Annual Report, our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq National Market and on Euronext Brussels (Belgium), under the symbol “IVIS”. Our common stock started trading on Euronext as of June 4, 2003, after which we delisted from NASDAQ Europe on August 15, 2003.

 

D. SELLING SHAREHOLDERS

 

Not Applicable

 

E. DILUTION

 

Not Applicable

 

F. EXPENSES OF THE ISSUE

 

Not Applicable

 

46


Table of Contents

ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

 

A. SHARE CAPITAL.

 

Not Applicable

 

B. MEMORANDUM AND ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION.

 

Incorporated by reference to the description of our capital stock contained in the “Additional Information” section of our Registration Statement on Form F-3 (Registration No. 333- 97551) filed on July 30, 2002, and to our Restated Articles of Association, which were filed as Exhibit 1.01 to our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2002.

 

C. MATERIAL CONTRACTS.

 

We entered into a Distribution Agreement as of April 1, 1994 by and among ourselves, ICOS Vision Systems Ltd. and Marubun Corporation to appoint Marubun as our exclusive distributor for component inspectors in Japan. The agreement automatically renews for a one-year term unless terminated upon six months notice by either party. In 2003, sales to Marubun represented approximately 11% of our revenues.

 

On February 26, 2002, we obtained within our credit facility with Dexia Bank two long-term loans for a total amount of 6.4 million Euro. These loans are secured by a mortgage on our buildings and bear an interest rate of 6.30%. As of December 31, 2003, we had € 5.5 million outstanding under these loans.

 

D. EXCHANGE CONTROLS.

 

There are no Belgian exchange control restrictions on investments in, or payments on, our securities. There are no special restrictions in our Articles of Association or Belgian law that limit the right of stockholders that are not citizens or residents of Belgium to hold or vote shares of our common stock.

 

E. TAXATION.

 

The following is a general summary of certain Belgian and United States federal income tax considerations applicable to holders of Common Stock who are not residents of Belgium for tax purposes and do not have a “permanent establishment” in Belgium (“non-Belgian persons”) and who are either U.S. Stockholders or Non-U.S. Stockholders. This summary describes the taxes, including withholding taxes, to which U.S. Stockholders are subject under existing laws and regulations of Belgium with respect to the ownership or disposition of Common Stock. As used herein, the term “U.S. Stockholder” means a holder of Common Stock who (for United States federal income tax purposes): (a) is a citizen or resident of the United States; (b) is a corporation, partnership, or other entity created or organized in or under the laws of the United States or of any political subdivision thereof; (c) is an estate the income of which is subject to United States federal income taxation regardless of its source; or (d) is a trust subject to both the primary supervision of a U.S. court and the control of one or more U.S. persons with respect to substantial trust decisions. A Non-U.S. Stockholder is any holder of Common Stock who is not a U.S. Stockholder.

 

47


Table of Contents

The summaries of the United States and Belgian tax laws set out below are based on laws in force as of the date of this Report and the United States-Belgium Double Taxation Convention signed on July 9, 1970 as modified by a protocol signed on December 31, 1987 (together, the “Convention”), all of which are subject to change, perhaps with retroactive effect.

 

These summaries do not describe United States or Belgian federal estate and gift tax considerations, nor do they describe regional, state and local tax considerations within the United States or Belgium. The following summaries do not purport to be a comprehensive description of all of the possible tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to purchase, hold or dispose of Common Stock. In particular, these summaries only deal with a holder who will hold the Common Stock as a capital asset and who does not own, directly or indirectly, 10% or more of our voting shares or of any of our direct or indirect subsidiaries. This summary does not address all of the tax consequences that may be relevant to holders in light of their particular circumstances, including but not limited to application of alternative minimum tax or rules applicable to taxpayers in special circumstances. Special rules may apply, for instance, to tax-exempt entities, banks, insurance companies, S corporations, dealers in securities or currencies, persons who will hold Common Stock as a position in a “straddle”, hedge, constructive sale, or “conversion transaction” for U.S. tax purposes, persons who have a “functional currency” other than the U.S. dollar, or persons subject to U.S. taxation as expatriates. Furthermore, in general, this discussion does not address the tax consequences applicable to holders that are treated as partnerships or other pass-through entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Prospective U.S. Stockholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors as to the overall United States federal, state and local tax consequences, as well as to the overall Belgian tax consequences, of the purchase, ownership and sale of the Common Stock.

 

This summary does not address the tax consequences to holders of Common Stock who are residents of Belgium for tax purposes, are organized under Belgian law, or have a “permanent establishment” or a fixed base in Belgium. This summary also does not address the tax consequences to holders of Common Stock under the laws of any country other than the United States and Belgium.

 

All prospective holders of the Common Stock should consult their own tax advisors as to the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of the Common Stock in light of their particular circumstances and the laws to which they are subject, including, in particular, the effect of any foreign, state or local tax laws and the availability and terms of any applicable tax convention.

 

Taxation of Dividends

 

Belgian Income Taxes. In general, under Belgian law, the Belgian tax imposed on a dividend paid to a non-resident that does not have a “permanent establishment” or a fixed base in Belgium will be limited to the amount of the withholding tax, for which the current rate is 25%. However, this dividend withholding tax may be subject to reduction, pursuant to income tax treaties that Belgium has entered into with other countries. Pursuant to the Convention, dividends we pay to a U.S. Stockholder that does not have a “permanent establishment” or a fixed base in Belgium generally will be subject to a Belgian withholding tax at a reduced rate of 15%. Whether a Non-U.S. Stockholder who is not a Belgian resident qualifies for a reduced rate of Belgian withholding tax will depend upon whether he, she or it is a citizen or resident of, or organized under the laws of, a country that has an income tax convention with Belgium that provides for a reduced rate of withholding tax and whether the holder otherwise satisfies any conditions in the convention necessary to be eligible for the reduced rate of withholding tax.

 

Dividends that are subject to the dividend withholding tax include (i) all benefits from shares in whatever form and (ii) repayments of statutory capital, with the exception of repayments in accordance with Belgian

 

48


Table of Contents

company law of fiscal capital (including, in principle, paid in share premiums). In principle, amounts paid out by a corporation for the redemption of its own shares in accordance with Belgian company law are not subject to withholding tax.

 

Although there are exceptions, in general, the full Belgian withholding tax must be withheld by us (rather than reducing the amount of withholding upon the payment of the dividend), and the U.S. Stockholder may make a claim for reimbursement for amounts withheld in excess of the rate applicable pursuant to the Convention. The reimbursement of the excess amounts is subject to filing a duly completed form “276 Div” with the Belgian tax authorities.

 

Similarly, Non-U.S. Stockholders entitled to reduced withholding tax under other conventions may make a claim for reimbursement for overwithheld amounts. Prospective holders should consult their own tax advisors as to whether they qualify for reduced withholding upon the payment of dividends, and as to the procedural requirements for obtaining reduced withholding upon the payment of dividends or for making claims for reimbursement.

 

The rate of the Belgian withholding tax can be reduced to nil in the case of dividends paid to certain organizations, such as organizations which are constituted exclusively to administer or provide pension, retirement or other employee benefits, or for religious, charitable, scientific, educational or public purposes. To benefit from this exemption, the qualified holder should sign and forward to us a specific certificate. In that certificate, the qualifying holder should confirm that it is a nonresident which does not conduct a business or is not engaged in any activity of a lucrative nature and is exempt from any income tax in its country of residence, and is not under a contractual obligation to redistribute the dividends to the (real) beneficiaries.

 

United States Federal Income Taxes. For United States federal income tax purposes, the gross amount of all dividends, if any, paid with respect to Common Stock out of current or accumulated earnings and profits (“E&P”) to a U.S. Stockholder generally will be treated as foreign source ordinary income to such holder, even though the U.S. Stockholder generally receives only 85% of that amount (after giving effect to the Belgian withholding tax as reduced by the Convention). United States corporations that hold Common Stock generally will not be entitled to the dividends received deduction that applies to dividends received from United States corporations. To the extent a distribution exceeds E&P, it will be treated first as a return of capital to the extent of the U.S. Stockholder’s adjusted basis and then as gain from the sale of a capital asset.

 

In the case of a U.S. Stockholder that is an individual, estate or trust, gains from the sale of a capital asset held for longer than twelve months are taxable at a maximum rate of 15%, while gains from the sale of a capital asset that does not meet such holding period are taxable at the rates applicable to ordinary income. Dividends received by a U.S. Stockholder that is an individual, estate or trust generally are also subject to the 15% maximum rate. Special rules may apply, however, to cause such dividends to be taxable at the higher rates applicable to ordinary income. For example, the reduced tax rates are not available with respect to a dividend on shares where the U.S. Stockholder does not continuously own such shares for more than 60 days during the 120-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date. In addition, the reduced tax rates are not available with respect to dividends received from a foreign corporation that was a foreign investment company, a passive foreign investment company, or a foreign personal holding company in either the taxable year of the distribution or the preceding taxable year. The reduced tax rates generally are available only with respect to dividends received from U.S. corporations, and from non-U.S. corporations (a) that are eligible for the benefits of a comprehensive income tax treaty with the United States that the U.S. Treasury Department determines to be satisfactory and that contains an exchange of information program, or (b) whose stock is readily tradable on an established securities market in the

 

49


Table of Contents

United States. Many other complex and special rules may apply as a condition to, or as a result of, the application of the reduced tax rate on dividends. U.S. Stockholders are advised to consult their own tax advisors.

 

For United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of any dividend paid in Euro will be the United States dollar value of the Euro at the exchange rate in effect on the date of receipt, whether or not the Euro is converted into United States dollars at that time. Gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Stockholder on a sale or exchange of Euro will be United States source ordinary income or loss.

 

The withholding tax imposed by Belgium generally is a creditable foreign tax for United States federal income tax purposes. Therefore, the U.S. Stockholder generally will be entitled to include the amount withheld as a foreign tax paid in computing a foreign tax credit (or in computing a deduction for foreign income taxes paid, if the holder does not elect to use the foreign tax credit provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”)). The Code, however, imposes a number of limitations on the use of foreign tax credits, based on the particular facts and circumstances of each taxpayer. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the availability of the foreign tax credit.

 

Capital Gains

 

Belgian Income Taxes. As a general rule, current Belgian law does not impose a tax on gains realized by a non-Belgian person or a legal entity not engaged in profit-making activities in Belgium on the sale or other disposition of shares of stock in a Belgian corporation. However, a tax may be imposed if the holder and certain related persons own or have owned during the preceding five years more than 25% of the Belgian corporation, the shares are sold to a non-Belgian corporation, or to a Belgian corporation which resells such shares within 12 months to a non-Belgian corporation, and the gain is attributable to speculative transactions entered into in Belgium. In addition, the Convention provides that a U.S. Stockholder who does not have a permanent establishment in Belgium, or (in the case of an individual resident in the United States) does not maintain a fixed base in Belgium and is not present in Belgium for 183 days or more during the taxable year, will not be subject to Belgian tax on any capital gain derived from the sale or other disposition of the shares of Common Stock.

 

United States Federal Income Taxes. Subject to the discussion below under the heading “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations,” gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Stockholder on the sale or other disposition of Common Stock will be subject to United States federal income taxation as capital gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference between such U.S. Stockholder’s adjusted basis in the Common Stock and the amount realized upon its disposition.

 

Gain on the sale of Common Stock held for more than one year by a U.S. Stockholder that is an individual, estate or trust will be taxable at a maximum rate of 15%. A reduced rate does not apply to capital gains realized by a U.S. Stockholder that is a corporation. Capital losses are generally deductible only against capital gains and not against ordinary income. In the case of an individual, however, unused capital losses in excess of capital gains may offset up to $3,000 annually of ordinary income.

 

Capital gain or loss recognized by a U.S. Stockholder on the sale or other disposition of common stock will generally be sourced in the United States.

 

Foreign Personal Holding Company Considerations

 

A non-United States corporation may be classified as a foreign personal holding company (“FPHC”) for United States federal income tax purposes if both of the following tests are satisfied: (i) at any time during

 

50


Table of Contents

the corporation’s taxable year, five or fewer individuals who are United States citizens or residents own or are deemed to own (under certain attribution rules) more than 50% of all classes of the corporation’s shares measured by voting power or value (the “FPHC Ownership Test”) and (ii) the corporation receives at least 60% (50% in later years) of its gross income (regardless of source), as specifically adjusted, from certain passive sources (the “FPHC Income Test”).

 

We do not believe that we satisfy either the FPHC Ownership Test or the FPHC Income Test. If we were to be classified as an FPHC, a portion of our “undistributed foreign personal holding company income” (as defined for United States federal income tax purposes) would be imputed to all of our stockholders who are U.S. Stockholders on the last day of our taxable year, or, if earlier, the last day on which we are classified as an FPHC. Such income would be taxable as a dividend, even if no cash dividend was actually paid. U.S. Stockholders who dispose of their Common Stock prior to such date would not be subject to tax under these rules.

 

Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

 

We will be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”) for United States federal income tax purposes if either (i) 75% or more of our gross income is passive income or (ii) on average for the taxable year, 50% or more of our assets (by value) produce or are held for the production of passive income. Based on projections of our income and assets and the manner in which we intend to manage our business, we expect that we will not be a PFIC. However, there can be no assurance that this will actually be the case. In reaching the conclusion that we do not expect to be a PFIC, we have valued our assets based on the price per share of Common Stock. For purposes of applying the PFIC rules to us, such a valuation method results in the attribution of substantial value to our intangible assets including goodwill that are considered neither to produce nor to be held for the production of passive income for purposes of the PFIC rules. We believe that this is a reasonable method of valuing our non-passive assets based on the legislative history of the PFIC provisions.

 

If we were to be classified as a PFIC, the consequences to a U.S. Stockholder will depend in part on whether the U.S. Stockholder has made a “Mark-to-Market Election” or a “QEF Election” with respect to us. If we are a PFIC during a U.S. Stockholder’s holding period and the U.S. Stockholder does not make a Mark-to-Market Election or a QEF Election, the U.S. Stockholder will generally be required to pay a special United States tax, in lieu of the U. S. tax that would otherwise apply, if such U.S. Stockholder (a) realizes a gain on disposition of Common Stock or (b) receives an “excess distribution” from us on Common Stock.

 

If a U.S. Stockholder makes a Mark-to-Market Election, the U.S. Stockholder would not be subject to the special tax. Instead, it would be required to include in its income the excess of the fair market value of the Common Stock as of the close of each taxable year over the U.S. Stockholder’s adjusted basis therein. If the U.S. Stockholder’s adjusted basis in the Common Stock is greater than the fair market value of the Common Stock as of the close of the taxable year, the U.S. Stockholder may deduct such excess, but only up to the aggregate amount of ordinary income previously included as a result of the Mark-to-Market Election, reduced by any previous deduction taken. The U.S. Stockholder’s adjusted basis in its Common Stock will be increased by the amount of income or reduced by the amount of deductions resulting from the Mark-to-Market Election.

 

If a U.S. Stockholder makes a QEF Election, the U.S. Stockholder would not be subject to the special tax. Instead, it would be currently taxable on its pro rata share of our ordinary earnings and net capital gain (at ordinary income and capital gains rates, respectively) for each taxable year that we are classified as a PFIC, even if no dividend distributions were received.

 

51


Table of Contents

If for any year we determine that we are properly classified as a PFIC, we will comply with all reporting requirements necessary for a U.S. Stockholder to make a QEF Election and will, promptly following the end of such year and each year thereafter for which we are properly classified as a PFIC, provide to U.S. Stockholders the information required by the QEF Election.

 

Under current U.S. law, if we are a PFIC in any year, a U.S. Stockholder must file an annual return on IRS Form 8621, which describes the income received (or deemed to be received pursuant to a QEF Election) from us, any gain realized on a disposition of Common Stock and certain other information.

 

United States Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

 

Dividend payments on Common Stock and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of the Common Stock may be subject to information reporting to the IRS and possible U.S. backup withholding at a 30% rate (this rate will be reduced to 29% for 2004 and 2005, and to 28% for 2006 and thereafter). Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number or certificate of foreign status and makes any other required certification or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. Persons required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on IRS Form W-9 (Request for Taxpayer Identification Number and Certification) in the case of U.S. persons and on IRS Form W-8BEN (Certificate of Foreign Status) in the case of non-U.S. persons. New regulations applicable to payments made after December 31, 1999 have generally expanded the circumstances under which information reporting and backup withholding may apply unless the holder provides the information described above.

 

Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against a holder’s U.S. federal income tax liability, and a holder may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the IRS and furnishing any required information. U.S. stockholders should consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the information reporting and backup withholding rules.

 

F. DIVIDENDS AND PAYING AGENTS.

 

Not Applicable

 

G. STATEMENT BY EXPERTS.

 

Not Applicable

 

H. DOCUMENTS ON DISPLAY.

 

Reference is made to the Exhibit Index provided with this Report for a list of the documents referred to in this Report that are filed or incorporated by reference herein. Copies of this Annual Report on Form 20-F, including the exhibits hereto, may be inspected without charge at the Commission’s principal office at 450 Fifth Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20549, and copies of all or any part thereof may be obtained from the Commission upon payment of certain fees prescribed by the Commission.

 

I. SUBSIDIARY INFORMATION.

 

Not Applicable

 

52


Table of Contents

ITEM 11. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

 

Our primary market risk exposures are foreign currency risk and interest rate risk.

 

Foreign Currency Risk

 

Until December 31, 2002, the majority of our revenues were in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen. As of January 1, 2003, we changed to the Euro as our main invoice currency, and at the same time, we began to determine our prices world-wide, with the sole exception of Japan, based upon the Euro, and to treat the Euro as the preferred invoice currency. As a consequence, in the course of fiscal 2003, Euro revenues gained a substantial weight as a percentage of our total revenues. We anticipate that a significant portion of our revenues will continue to be in U.S. dollars and Japanese yen, and accordingly we will be exposed to changes in the value of the Euro relative to the U.S. dollar and the Japanese yen.

 

Because the Company is operating its business internationally, we are incurring expenses in a number of foreign currencies. We anticipate that a significant portion of our expenses will continue to be in several foreign currencies, primarily the U.S. dollar, the Japanese yen, the Hong Kong dollar and the Singapore dollar. As a result, the Company will be exposed to fluctuations in the value of these currencies.

 

In 2003 and 2002, we did not enter into any forward exchange or other hedging contracts. We do not use foreign exchange contracts for trading purposes.

 

Interest Rate Sensitivity

 

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our debt obligations (long-term debt) on which interest is paid at fixed rates. The table below provides information about our financial instruments at December 31, 2003 that are sensitive to changes in interest rates, including debt obligations. For debt obligations, the table presents principal cash flows and related weighted average interest rates by expected maturity dates. The relevant instrument’s actual cash flows are denominated in Euro.

 

     Expected maturity Date

December 31, 2003


   2004

   2005

   2006

   2007

   2008

   Thereafter

   Total

    Fair Value

     (in thousands of Euro)

Long-term debt(1)

                                        

Fixed rate

   647    681    638    640    681    2,531    5,818     6,058

Average Interest rate

                                 7.0 %    

(1) All long-term debt is in Euro.

 

ITEM 12. DESCRIPTION OF SECURITIES OTHER THAN EQUITY SECURITIES.

 

Not Applicable

 

53


Table of Contents

PART II

 

ITEM 13. DEFAULTS, DIVIDEND ARREARAGES AND DELINQUENCIES.

 

Not Applicable

 

ITEM 14. MATERIAL MODIFICATIONS TO THE RIGHTS OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND USE OF PROCEEDS.

 

Under Belgian law, the capital structure of the Company, including the number of shares authorized and outstanding, is adopted in the Company’s Articles of Association and may be changed by the shareholders. On June 5, 2002, our shareholders authorized our Board of Directors to increase our authorized capital from time to time over a period of five years. This amendment became effective as of its formal filing and publishing on July 7, 2002, pursuant to Belgian Company Law. As a result, and until July 7, 2007, our Board of Directors is permitted to increase the capital of the Company by a maximum of € 3.6 million without obtaining the further consent of the shareholders.

 

Item 15. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.

 

(a) Disclosure controls and procedures.

 

Based on their evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 20-F, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and are operating in an effective manner.

 

(b) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

 

Not applicable.

 

(c) Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm.

 

Not applicable.

 

(d) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.

 

During the period covered by this Annual Report, there have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

54


Table of Contents

Item 16A. Audit Committee Financial Expert

 

Our Board of Directors has determined that Exeter International NV, represented by Mr. Paul De Vrée, and Mr. Fred Chaffart are “audit committee financial experts” as such term is defined under currently applicable rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

Item 16B - Code of Ethics

 

We have adopted a code of ethics, our “Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers,” which is applicable to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions. A copy of our Code of Ethics for Senior Financial Officers is filed as Exhibit 11.1 to this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

Item 16C - Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

The following table sets forth the total remuneration that was paid by us and our subsidiaries to our independent accountants, Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler Bedrijfsrevisoren, in each of our previous two fiscal years:

 

     For fiscal years ended
December 31,


     2003

   2002

     (in thousands of Euro)

Audit Fees

   277    258

Audit-Related Fees

     —      7

Tax Fees

   25    23

All Other Fees

     —      6
    

  

Total

   302    294
    

  

 

The Audit Fees for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were for professional services rendered for the annual audits of our consolidated financial statements, statutory audits required by foreign jurisdictions, quarterly reviews, issuance of consents and review of documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, the audit fees for the year ended December 31, 2003 included services related to our listing on Euronext.

 

The Audit Related Fees for the year ended December 31, 2002 were for specific accounting and consultation issues.

 

Tax Fees for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were for services performed in connection with income tax compliance, consulting and tax research services and assistance with tax audits.

 

The All Other Fees category for the year ended December 31, 2002 includes fees primarily related to corporate advice in connection with the incorporation of our subsidiary in Hong Kong.

 

As of February, 2003, our Audit Committee pre-approves all of the services to be performed by our independent auditors. Since February, 2003, in each case where approval was sought for the provision of audit and permissible non-audit services, the Audit Committee considered whether the independent

auditors’ provision of such services to the Company was compatible with maintaining the auditors’ independence, and determined that it was compatible.

 

55


Table of Contents

No services were approved by our Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X.

 

Item 16D - Exemptions from the Listing Standards for Audit Committees

 

Not applicable.

 

Item 16E – Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

 

Not applicable.

 

56


Table of Contents

PART III.

 

ITEM 17. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

 

Not Applicable

 

ITEM 18. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS.

 

The following consolidated financial statements, together with the independent auditors’ report, are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

Financial Statements

 

     Page

Independent Auditor’s Report

   F1

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2003 and 2002

   F2

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) for the Years Ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001

   F3

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001

   F4

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001

   F5

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F6

 

Financial Statement Schedules

 

Schedule II : Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.

 

Auditor’s Report on Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.

 

All other Schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or Notes thereto.

 

57


Table of Contents

ITEM 19. EXHIBITS.

 

Exhibits

 

The following exhibits are filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

Exhibit

Number


  

Title


1.01    Restated Articles of Association of the Registrant°
2.01    Specimen Registered Certificate Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1) (Registration No. 333-7906)
2.02    Description of Capital Stock (incorporated by reference to the “Additional Information” section of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-3) (Registration No. 333-97551)
4.01    Distribution Agreement between the Company and Marubun (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1) (Registration No. 333-7906)
4.02    Qtec Acquisition Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.01 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 1998)
4.03    Credit Facility with Dexia Bank, dated February 26, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.03 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2001)
4.04    ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV 2002 Stock Option Plan° (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.04 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2002)
8.01    Subsidiaries of the Company
11.01    Code of Ethics
12.01    Certification of Principal Executive Officer
12.02    Certification of Principal Financial Officer
13.01    Certification Pursuant to Section 906 Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002 (Subsections (A) And (B) Of Section 1350, Chapter 63 Of Title 18, United States Code)
14.01    Consent of Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler Bedrijfsrevisoren (Independent Auditors for the Company)
14.02    Auditors’ report on Schedule II: Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

° Translated in full or summary version; the original language version is on file with the Registrant and is available upon request.

 

58


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

 

The Registrant hereby certifies that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form 20-F and that it has duly caused and authorized the undersigned to sign this Annual Report on its behalf.

 

ICOS VISION SYSTEMS CORPORATION NV

(Registrant)

By:

 

/s/ Antoon De Proft


Name:

 

Antoon De Proft

Title:

 

President and Chief Executive Officer

 

Date: March 31, 2004


Table of Contents

Independent Auditors’ Report

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of

ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV:

 

•    We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV, a Belgian corporation, and its subsidiaries, as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income (loss), stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

 

•    We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

•    In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

LOGO

KLYNVELD PEAT MARWICK GOERDELER

   

Bedrijfsrevisoren

 

Brussels, Belgium

Represented by J. Briers

 

February 18, 2004

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands of €, except share data)

 

December 31,


   2003

    2002

 

ASSETS

            

Current Assets:

            

Cash and cash equivalents

   29,530     25,880  

Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of € 75 and € 118 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively

   13,079     7,625  

Inventories (Notes 2 and 11)

   10,681     11,688  

Prepaid expenses

   332     250  

Current deferred tax asset (note 5)

   479     —    

Other current assets

   1,172     1,746  

Total current assets

   55,273     47,189  

Net property and equipment (Notes 3, 7 and 13)

   9,196     9,585  

Goodwill (Note 1 (l))

   1,149     1,149  

Noncurrent deferred tax asset (Note 5)

   3,495     3,343  

Other assets (Notes 1 (k) and 4)

   616     886  

Total assets

   69,729     62,152  
    

 

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

            

Current Liabilities:

            

Trade accounts payable

   4,308     1,170  

Current portion of long-term debt (Note 8)

   647     614  

Current portion of obligations under capital leases

   —       5  

Accrued expenses

   2,895     1,854  

Income taxes payable

   1,197     457  

Deferred revenue (Note 1 (o))

   428     634  

Current deferred income tax liability (Note 5)

   —       32  

Other current liabilities

   385     1,237  

Total current liabilities

   9,860     6,003  

Long-term debt, excluding current portion (Note 8)

   5,171     5,818  

Provision for warranty (Note 1 (p))

   646     438  

Total liabilities

   15,677     12,259  

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 7 and 15)

            

Stockholders’ equity: (Note 9)

            

Common stock, no par value, 10,507,810 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2003 and 2002

   3,230     3,230  

Additional paid-in capital

   22,317     22,317  

Retained earnings

   29,813     24,486  

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

   (1,308 )   (140 )

Total stockholders’ equity

   54,052     49,893  

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   69,729     62,152  

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss)

(in thousands of €, except share data)

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

    2002

    2001

 

Revenues (Notes 13 and 14)

   44,757     30,550     26,463  

Cost of goods sold (Note 11)

   19,402     12,208     17,383  

Gross profit

   25,355     18,342     9,080  

Operating expenses:

                  

Research and development (Note 1 (q))

   6,506     6,664     7,916  

Selling, general and administrative (Note 12)

   12,981     12,003     14,572  

Amortization of goodwill (Note 1 (l))

   —       —       256  

Total operating expenses

   19,487     18,667     22,744  

Income (loss) from operations

   5,868     (325 )   (13,664 )

Other income (expense):

                  

Interest income

   534     742     890  

Interest expense

   (398 )   (374 )   (62 )

Other income

   176     117     84  

Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) (Note 1 (u))

   (212 )   (1,982 )   725  

Net other income (expense)

   100     (1,497 )   1,637  

Income (loss) before income taxes

   5,968     (1,822 )   (12,027 )

Income taxes (Note 5)

   641     620     (3,293 )

Net income (loss)

   5,327     (2,442 )   (8,734 )

Basic earnings per share (Note 1 (v))

   0.51     (0.23 )   (0.83 )

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Note 1 (v))

   10,507,810     10,507,810     10,507,810  

Diluted earnings per share (Note 1 (v))

   0.50     (0.23 )   (0.83 )

Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding (Note 1 (v))

   10,594,819     10,507,810     10,507,810  

 

F-3


Table of Contents

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’

Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

(in thousands of €,

except share data)


   Common Stock

   Additional
paid-in
Capital


   Retained
Earnings


    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)


    Comprehensive
Income (Loss)


    Stockholders’
Equity


 
  

Number

of Shares


   Amount

           

Balance at December 31, 2000

   10,507,810    3,230    21,199    35,662     (482 )         59,609  

Comprehensive income (loss)

                                       

Net income (loss) for year

   —      —      —      (8,734 )   —       (8,734 )   (8,734 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   —      —      —      —       23     23     23  

Total comprehensive income (loss)

                              (8,711 )      

Stock plans

   —      —      748    —       —             748  

Balance at December 31, 2001

   10,507,810    3,230    21,947    26,928     (459 )         51,646  

Comprehensive income (loss)

                                       

Net income (loss) for year

   —      —      —      (2,442 )   —       (2,442 )   (2,442 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   —      —      —      —       319     319     319  

Total comprehensive income (loss)

                              (2,123 )      

Stock plans

   —      —      370    —       —             370  

Balance at December 31, 2002

   10,507,810    3,230    22,317    24,486     (140 )         49,893  

Comprehensive income (loss)

                                       

Net income (loss) for year

   —      —      —      5,327     —       5,327     5,327  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

   —      —      —      —       (1,168 )   (1,168 )   (1,168 )

Total comprehensive income (loss)

                              4,159        

Balance at December 31, 2003

   10,507,810    3,230    22,317    29,813     (1,308 )         54,052  

 

F-4


Table of Contents

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands of €)

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

    2002

    2001

 

Cash flows from operating activities

                  

Net income (loss)

   5,327     (2,442 )   (8,734 )

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

                  

Depreciation and amortization

   764     830     938  

Provision for doubtful debts

   (43 )   (19 )   44  

Loss on disposal of fixed assets

   63     —       37  

Deferred tax expense (benefit)

   (677 )   (49 )   (3,655 )

Amortization of goodwill

   —       —       255  

Stock-based compensation expense

   —       370     748  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                  

Decrease (increase) in trade accounts receivable

   (6,322 )   (4,140 )   25,685  

Decrease in inventories

   608     5,218     650  

Decrease (increase) in prepaid expenses and other current assets

   471     2,549     (119 )

Decrease (increase) in other assets

   59     (114 )   28  

(Decrease) increase in trade accounts payable

   3,366     (785 )   (8,334 )

(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses

   1,191     (955 )   (971 )

(Decrease) increase in income taxes payable

   824     (1,097 )   (2,306 )

(Decrease) increase in other current liabilities

   (771 )   1,830     (1,147 )

(Decrease) increase in provision for warranty services

   207     151     (992 )

Net cash provided by operating activities

   5,067     1,347     2,127  

Cash flows from investing activities

                  

Additions to property and equipment

   (326 )   (1,983 )   (3,622 )

Net cash used in investing activities

   (326 )   (1,983 )   (3,622 )

Cash flows from financing activities

                  

Repayment of borrowings

   (615 )   (470 )   (264 )

Proceeds from borrowings

   —       6,400     —    

Capital lease payments

   (5 )   (5 )   (5 )

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

   (620 )   5,925     (269 )

Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   4,121     5,289     (1,764 )

Impact of exchange rate movements on cash

   (471 )   (61 )   16  

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   25,880     20,652     22,400  

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   29,530     25,880     20,652  

Supplemental disclosure

                  

Cash paid during period for interest

   398     378     60  

Income taxes paid

   488     1,734     2,935  

 

F-5


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

December 31, 2003 and 2002

 

1 Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

 

a Basis of Presentation

 

•    The accompanying consolidated financial statements present the results of operations, financial position and cash flows of ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV (“ICOS” or “the Company”) and its subsidiaries (ICOS together with its subsidiaries, “the Group”).

 

•    The consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. They reflect adjustments made for US reporting purposes which are not recorded in the Company’s Belgian statutory accounts.

 

b Description of Business

 

•    ICOS was incorporated in Belgium in 1989. The Company was incorporated to act primarily as a holding company through which management and certain investors purchased a controlling interest in ICOS Vision Systems NV (“IVS”). IVS was incorporated in 1982 in Belgium, to design, develop, manufacture, market, sell and support machine vision and inspection systems for industrial applications. IVS owns 100% of the common issued shares of its two operating subsidiaries, ICOS Vision Systems, Inc. (“INC”), located in Santa Clara, United States of America, and ICOS Vision Systems, Ltd. (“LTD”), located in Yokohama, Japan. The subsidiaries of IVS, provide sales and support services in their regional markets.

 

•    On July 23,1998, ICOS acquired 100% ownership of ICOS Vision Systems GmbH (formerly Qtec Industrie-Automation GmbH) (“GMBH”), located in Oberhaching, Germany. This subsidiary operates primarily as a R&D center for the Group and provides sales and support services for the non-semiconductor applications.

 

•    In addition, ICOS incorporated on December 27, 2002, a new subsidiary ICOS Vision Systems Limited (“ICOS HK”), in Hong Kong, and effective January 1, 2003, the operations of the previous IVS’ branch office in Hong Kong, were transferred to this newly incorporated subsidiary. Also during the year 2003, ICOS incorporated on May 14, 2003, a new subsidiary ICOS Vision Systems Pte. Ltd. (“ICOS SG”), in Singapore, and effective June 1, 2003, the operations of the previous IVS’ branch office in Singapore, were transferred to this newly incorporated subsidiary.

 

c Principles of Consolidation

 

•    At December 31, 2003, the Company owns substantially all of the outstanding shares of IVS (99.9%), of GMBH (100%), of ICOS HK (100%) and of ICOS SG (100%). Accordingly, the consolidated

 

F-6


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

financial statements include the accounts of ICOS, GMBH, ICOS HK, ICOS SG and the consolidated accounts of IVS, including its two wholly-owned subsidiaries INC and LTD. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in the consolidated financial statements.

 

d Foreign Currencies

 

Functional Currency

 

•    The Group’s major operations are located in Belgium. Revenues are denominated in several currencies, of which the majority was denominated in Euro. At the same time, the majority of the expenses were also incurred in Euro. During the year 2001, all entities of the Group within Europe changed their functional currency to Euro following the introduction of the Euro currency within the participating countries of the European Community. Accordingly, the functional currency of ICOS, IVS and GMBH is Euro.

 

•    The functional currencies of the two other ICOS subsidiaries are the Hong Kong dollar (HK$ or HKD) for ICOS HK and the Singapore dollar (S$ or SGD) for ICOS SG. The functional currencies of the IVS subsidiaries are the United States dollar ($ or U.S. dollar) for INC and the Japanese Yen (JPY) for LTD.

 

Foreign Currency Translation

 

•    The income statements and balance sheets of INC, LTD, ICOS HK and ICOS SG are translated into Euro using the current rate method. Under the current rate method, the assets and liabilities of these entities are translated at exchange rates in effect at the end of the period, and revenues and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period. All cumulative translation gains or losses are included in accumulated other comprehensive income.

 

•    Movements on the consolidated cash flow statements are translated into Euro at average exchange rates during the periods and, accordingly, may not correspond exactly with related movements on the balance sheets.

 

Foreign Currency Transactions

 

•    Exchange gains and losses arising from transactions denominated in foreign currencies are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of income (loss).

 

e Use of Estimates

 

•    The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. The Group uses estimates in its normal course of business to evaluate warranty, excess and obsolete inventory, deferred tax assets and other provisions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

f Revenue Recognition

 

•    The Group recognizes revenues from the sale of its vision and inspection systems and of spare parts upon delivery for OEM products and installation for inspection machines provided that transfer of title and risk of loss has passed to the customer, that no significant obligation remains and the collection of the related trade account receivable is reasonably assured. The Group has no significant contractual post-shipment support obligations to its customers, except for certain warranty obligations discussed in Note 1 (p). Transport and handling costs are recorded in cost of goods sold in the same period the related revenue is recognized.

 

g Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

 

•    In accordance with SFAS No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities and SFAS No. 138, Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activity, an Amendment of SFAS No. 133, all derivative instruments are recorded on the balance sheet at their respective fair values.

 

•    As at and for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Group did not enter into any forward exchange contracts, nor any derivative instruments.

 

•    The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, other current assets, trade accounts payable and accruals meeting the definition of financial instruments, approximate their fair values due to the short maturity of these items.

 

h Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

•    The Group considers its term deposits, which have maturities of three months or less as of the date acquired by the Group, to be cash equivalents.

 

i Inventories

 

•    Inventories comprise materials, direct labor and manufacturing costs and an appropriate allocation of certain indirect overhead costs and are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a weighted average basis) or market. Management performs periodic reviews of inventory and provides for excess and obsolete inventory or disposes of such inventory as considered necessary.

 

j Income Taxes

 

•    Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and to operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

k Other Assets

 

•    Other non current assets consist primarily of a License for handling technology, acquired in 2002 for a total amount of € 506, and deposits. The license is recorded at cost and is being amortized, as of 2003, over its useful life (8 years).

 

•    During 1999, IVS started the implementation of an expanded enterprise resource planning and management information system, SAP R/3, for a total investment of € 720. This cost is being amortized on a straight-line basis over a five-year period, representing the estimated useful life of the asset.

 

l Goodwill

 

•    Goodwill of € 2,044 was recorded with the acquisition of GMBH during 1998. It has been recorded at cost and was being amortized on a straight-line basis over an eight-year period, being the estimated useful life of the asset. Amortization expense amounted to € 256 for the year ended December 31, 2001.

 

•    The Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, as of January 1, 2002. Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite useful life are not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 142. SFAS No. 142 also requires that the intangible assets with estimable useful lives be amortized over their respective estimated useful lives to their estimated residual values, and reviewed for impairment in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.

 

•    Had amortization of goodwill not been recorded in the fiscal year ended December 31, 2001, net earnings would have increased by € 256 net of taxes, and basic and diluted earnings per share would have increased by € 0.02.

 

F-9


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

m Property and Equipment

 

•    The Group records property and equipment at cost and then provides for depreciation using the straight-Line method over the estimated useful Lives of the assets as follows:

 

     Estimated
Useful Life


Machinery and equipment

   5 years

Vehicles

   4 years

Computer equipment

   4 years

Furniture

   7 years

Leasehold improvements

   5 years

Building

   40 years

 

•    When property and equipment is retired or sold, its cost and the related accumulated depreciation are written off and the resulting gain or loss is included in income.

 

•    Property and equipment under capital leases was stated at the present value of the minimum lease payments, and was amortized using the straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset.

 

n Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

 

•    SFAS No. 144 provides a single accounting model for impairment of long-lived assets, other then goodwill, and assets to be disposed of. The Company adopted SFAS No. 144 on January 1, 2002. The adoption of SFAS No. 144 did not affect the Company’s financial statements.

 

•    In accordance with SFAS No. 144, long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, and purchased intangibles subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposal group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet.

 

•    Goodwill and intangible assets not subject to amortization are tested annually in the course of the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, for impairment, and are tested for impairment more frequently if events and circumstances indicate that the asset might be impaired. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. The Group believes that no such impairment exists at December 31, 2003.

 

F-10


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

o Deferred revenue

 

•    Deferred revenue relates to sales in the ordinary course of business of the Group’s products, the installation of which was incomplete at the balance sheet date.

 

p Warranties

 

•    The Group provides warranty coverage on its products from the date of shipment. The warranty period is generally 12 to 24 months. Management has estimated the cost of warranty coverage to be approximately 2% of revenues derived from the last year sales of end user products. This estimation is subject to review and may be changed when deemed appropriate by management. Estimated costs related to the warranty are accrued in the period of revenue recognition. Warranty expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

q Research and Development

 

•    The Group engages in research and development to enhance existing products and to develop new products to meet new market opportunities. The Group expenses research and development costs as incurred. The Group has carefully evaluated the technological feasibility of its products during the development stage in accordance with SFAS No. 86, Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software To Be Sold, Leased or Otherwise Marketed.

 

•    The Group sells products in a market that is subject to rapid technological change, new product development and changing customer needs. Accordingly, the Group has concluded that it cannot determine technological feasibility until the development stage of the product is nearly complete. The time period during which costs could be capitalized from the point of reaching technological feasibility until the time of general product release is very short and, consequently, the amounts that could be capitalized are not material to the Group’s financial position or results of operations.

 

•    The Regional Government of Flanders and the European Community provide non-refundable financial support for certain research and development projects, which is used to offset gross research and development expenses. This financial support is recorded when cash is received and the expenses have been incurred. The Group incurred research and development expenses as follows:

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

   2002

   2001

Research and development expense, net of government funding

   6,506    6,664    7,916

Government funding

   502    339    320

Total gross research and development

   7,008    7,003    8,236

 

F-11


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

r Commitments and Contingencies

 

•    Liabilities for Loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, Litigation, fines and penalties, and other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the assessment and/or remediation can be reasonably estimated.

 

s Stock Option Plan

 

•    The Company recognizes compensation costs using the intrinsic value based method described in APB No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees. SFAS No. 123 permits the continued use of the intrinsic value based method, but requires additional disclosures, including pro forma calculations of net income and earnings per share, as if the fair value method of accounting prescribed by SFAS No. 123 had been applied in respect of the Employee Stock Plans in 2003, 2002 and 2001.

 

•    Had the Company determined compensation cost based on the fair value at the grant date for the Employee Stock Plans under SFAS No. 123, the Company’s net income would have been reduced to the pro forma amounts indicated below.

 

     2003

    2002

    2001

 

Net income (loss), as reported

   5,327     (2,442 )   (8,734 )

Add stock-based employee compensation expense included in reported net income (loss), net of tax

   —       370     748  

Deduct total stock-based employee compensation expense determined under fair-value-based method for all awards, net of tax

   (264 )   (456 )   (835 )

Pro forma net income (loss)

   5,063     (2,528 )   (8,821 )

Basic earnings per share, as reported

   0.51     (0.23 )   (0.83 )

Basic earnings per share, pro forma

   0.48     (0.24 )   (0.84 )

Diluted earnings per share, as reported

   0.50     (0.23 )   (0.83 )

Diluted earnings per share, pro forma

   0.48     (0.24 )   (0.84 )

 

•    The per share weighted-average fair value of stock purchase rights granted during 2003, 2002 and 2001, was € 2.06, € 7.04 and € 3.53, respectively, on the date of grant using the Black Scholes option-pricing model based on the following weighted-average assumptions.

 

     2003

    2002

    2001

 

Expected dividend yield

   —       —       —    

Expected volatility factor

   50 %   50 %   50 %

Risk free interest rate

   2.08 %   3.95 %   3.35 %

Expected life in months

   58     —       5  

 

F-12


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

t New Accounting Pronouncements

 

•    On April 30, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 149, Amendment of Statement 133 on Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities (the Statement). The Statement amends Statement 133 to clarify the definition of a derivative, expand the nature of exemptions from Statement 133, clarify the application of hedge accounting when using certain instruments, clarify the application of paragraph 13 of Statement 133 to embedded derivative instruments in which the underlying is an interest rate, and modify the cash flow presentation of derivative instruments that contain financing elements. The provisions of this Statement are effective for contracts entered into or modified after June 30, 2003 and hedging relationships designated after June 30, 2003. The adoption of SFAS no. 149 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

 

•    On May 15, 2003, the FASB issued SFAS No. 150, Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Characteristics of Both Liabilities and Equity (the Statement). The Statement requires issuers to classify as liabilities (or assets in some circumstances) three classes of freestanding instruments that embody obligations for the issuer. Generally, the Statement is effective for financial instruments entered into or modified after May 31, 2003 and is otherwise effective at the beginning of the first interim period beginning after June 15, 2003. The adoption of SFAS No. 150 did not have a material effect on the Company’s financial statements.

 

u Risks and Uncertainties

 

Nature of operations

 

•    The Company is active in a rapidly changing market and depends on the cyclical demand of the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries, which may affect its financial condition and results of operation. Furthermore, the market for the Company’s products is characterized by rapidly changing technology. The Company’s future success will depend upon its ability to enhance its existing products and to develop and introduce new products to meet customer requirements and address technological developments.

 

Customer Concentration

 

•    The Company markets and sells its products to a broad base of customers including original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), and component manufacturers. The Company anticipates that a significant portion of its revenues will continue to be derived from a relatively small number of customers (Note 14). A loss of, or reduction or delay in, orders from these or other significant customers, including reductions or delays due to market, economic or competitive conditions in the semiconductor or electronic assembly industries, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

F-13


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

International Operations

 

•    The Company’s business is conducted world-wide, primarily in Europe, Japan, Rest of Asia and the United States. As a result, the Company’s revenues and profits are, to a very high degree, subject to the general economic conditions in such areas. There can be no assurance that a change in the economic conditions within one or more of these areas will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. Further, the Company’s business may be adversely affected by risks inherent in international operations, including fluctuations in currency exchange rates, transportation delays or interruptions from international suppliers, various regulatory requirements, political and economic changes, greater difficulties in trade accounts receivable collection, and possibly adverse tax consequences.

 

•    Following the change in 2003 from U.S. dollar to Euro as our main invoicing currency, despite the continued further depreciation of the U.S. dollar versus the Euro, we recorded € 0.2 million of foreign currency exchange losses in 2003 compared to € 2.0 million of foreign currency exchange losses in 2002.

 

Inventories

 

•    The Company maintains a level of inventory of which some portion may be for certain products in excess of the Company’s current requirements based on the recent level of sales. Management is closely monitoring the inventory levels, taking into consideration the industry market conditions, and believes no additional loss will be incurred on its disposition over the amounts provided for in 2003 (Note 11). No estimate can be made of a range of amounts of loss that are reasonably possible should the market conditions in the semiconductor or electronic assembly industries deteriorate from the current level of sales.

 

Concentration of Credit Risks

 

•    The Company sells products to customers located throughout the world. The Company in many cases does not require collateral. The Company maintains credit procedures to evaluate the credit worthiness of prospective customers and monitors closely the collection of accounts receivable. Issues regarding customer accounts are immediately brought to the attention of management for resolution.

 

v Net Earnings per Share

 

•    The Company reports basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”). Basic EPS is based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding during the periods, while diluted EPS additionally includes the dilutive effect of the Company’s outstanding stock options computed using the treasury stock method.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

2 Inventories

 

Inventories consisted of the following:

 

December 31,


   2003

    2002

 

Raw materials

   5,790     7,656  

Work-in-progress

   4,395     5,189  

Finished goods

   3,751     3,230  
    

 

     13,936     16,075  

Less allowance for inventory write-down (Note 11)

   (3,255 )   (4,387 )
    

 

Net inventories

   10,681     11,688  
    

 

 

3 Net Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment consisted of the following:

 

December 31,


   2003

    2002

 

Land

   615     615  

Buildings

   9,297     9,127  

Machinery and equipment

   2,547     1,660  

Computers, vehicles and furniture

   3,701     3,769  

Assets under lease

   —       1,155  
    

 

     16,160     16,326  

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization

   (6,964 )   (6,741 )
    

 

Net property and equipment

   9,196     9,585  
    

 

 

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 was € 481, € 686 and € 794, respectively.

 

4 Other Assets

 

Other assets consisted of the following:

 

     Licenses
and patents


    SAP
information
system


    Deposits
and rights


    Other

   Total

 

Balance at December 31, 2002

   506     112     268     —      886  

Additions and other changes

   —       —       (19 )   32    13  

Less amortization or impairment

   (177 )   (106 )   —       —      (283 )

Balance at December 31, 2003

   329     6     249     32    616  

 

F-15


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

5 Income Taxes

 

Income tax expense (benefit) consisted of the following:

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

    2002

    2001

 

Current

                  

Belgium

   —       (14 )   —    

Rest of the world

   1,304     682     446  
    

 

 

     1,304     668     446  

Deferred

                  

Belgium

   (171 )   (48 )   (3,883 )

Rest of the world

   (492 )   —       144  
    

 

 

     (663 )   (48 )   (3,739 )
     641     620     (3,293 )
    

 

 

 

Income (loss) before taxes was derived from the following sources:

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

    2002

    2001

 

Belgium

   (2,151 )   (4,721 )   (11,973 )

Rest of the world

   8,119     2,899     (54 )
    

 

 

     5,968     (1,822 )   (12,027 )
    

 

 

 

•    The actual income tax expense (benefit) for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001 differs from the “expected” tax computed by applying the Belgian corporate income tax rate of 33.99% to income before taxes in the year ended December 31, 2003 and by applying the Belgian corporate income tax rate of 40.17% to income before taxes in the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2001 as follows:

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

    2002

    2001

 

Computed “expected” tax expense (benefit)

   2,028     (732 )   (4,831 )

Deductions related to changes in Belgium Corporate Tax rate to 33.99% as of fiscal year 2003

   —       688     —    

Investment deductions

   (129 )   (301 )   (126 )

Tax on undistributed earnings

   66     (28 )   (191 )

Increase (decrease) in valuation allowance

   (982 )   172     1,066  

Non-deductible amortization of goodwill

   —       —       103  

Disallowed expenses

   133     70     60  

Non-deductible stock-based compensation expense

   —       149     300  

Differences in foreign tax rates

   (740 )   449     218  

Other

   265     153     108  
    

 

 

Income tax expense (benefit)

   641     620     (3,293 )
    

 

 

 

•    As of the Fiscal Year 2003, Belgian Corporate Tax rate has been reduced to 33.99% from 40.17%. As a result of the enactment of this new Corporate Tax rate on December 31, 2002, the deferred tax assets and liabilities of the Company have been reduced accordingly.

 

F-16


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

•    Deferred income taxes reflect the tax impact of temporary differences between the amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by current tax laws and regulations. The tax effects of the temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2003 and 2002 are as follows:

 

December 31,


   2003

    2002

 

Deferred tax assets

            

Intra-Group profit in inventory

   238     101  

Tax operating loss carry forwards

   5,236     5,639  

Intangible assets

   664     582  

Other

   161     39  
    

 

Total gross deferred tax assets

   6,299     6,361  

Less valuation allowance

   (623 )   (1,605 )
    

 

Total net deferred tax assets

   5,676     4,756  
    

 

Deferred tax liabilities

            

Inventory cost adjustments

   (175 )   (132 )

Accelerated tax depreciation of property and equipment

   (1,148 )   (985 )

Deferred undistributed earnings of subsidiaries

   (354 )   (287 )

Other

   (25 )   (41 )
    

 

     (1,702 )   (1,445 )

Net deferred tax assets

   3,974     3,311  
    

 

 

•    The Group principally classifies intra-Group profit in inventory and inventory cost adjustments as a current deferred tax asset (liability). The remaining temporary differences are classified as noncurrent.

 

•    The Group considers that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets, except in respect of certain foreign subsidiaries where there is doubt about the exact timing of return to profitability and, therefore, the realization of the foreign subsidiaries net operating loss carry forwards and other deferred tax assets is uncertain.

 

•    The valuation allowance for net deferred tax assets decreased by € 982 during the year 2003 and increased by € 172 during the year 2002. Subject decrease in 2003 is mainly explained by the release of a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in our Japanese subsidiary, following the improved business conditions and outlook for 2004. The Group has available net operating loss carryforwards, totaling approximately € 15.2 million, of which € 12.7 million may be carried forward indefinitely. The remainder of € 2.5 million will expire in the years through 2023.

 

F-17


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

6 Credit Facilities

 

•    The Group is able to draw down funds from Lines of credit available from the Fortis Bank and Dexia Bank in Belgium. The total borrowing capacity of these facilities at December 31, 2003 and 2002 amounted to € 5,756. The interest rates applicable to the Fortis Bank and Dexia Bank credit lines in Belgium are the market rates. Revisions to the interest rates are based on market fluctuations.

 

•    During 2003 and 2002, the Company had zero outstanding under the line of credit facilities and other short-term borrowings.

 

•    The weighted average cost of short-term debt, including the current portion of long-term debt, at December 31, 2003 and 2002 approximated 6.99%.

 

7 Leases

 

•    The Company has several non-cancelable operating leases, primarily for motor vehicles and office premises, which expire over the next three to five years. These leases generally contain renewal options for periods ranging from three to five years and require the Company to pay all executory costs such as maintenance and insurance. Rental expense for operating leases (except those with lease terms of a month or less that were not renewed) amounted to € 734, € 733 and € 744 for the years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, respectively.

 

•    Future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (with initial remaining lease terms in excess of one year) as of December 31, 2003 are:

 

Year ending December 31,


   Operating
Leases


2004

   543

2005

   488

2006

   402

2007

   322

2008

   321
    

Total minimum lease payments

   2,076
    

 

F-18


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

8 Long-Term Debt

 

Long-term debt consisted of the following obligations:

 

December 31,


   2003

    2002

 

Construction loan due December 2005
With interest at 7.50% (1)

   74     111  

Loan from bank due December 2005
With interest at 7.25% (2)

   84     126  

Construction loan from bank due February 2006
With interest at 7.60% (3)

   112     149  

Construction loan from bank due March 2012
With interest at 6.30% (4)

   1,734     1,889  

Construction loan from bank due March 2012
With interest at 6.30% (5)

   3,814     4,157  
    

 

Total

   5,818     6,432  

Less current portion

   (647 )   (614 )
    

 

Long-term debt, excluding current portion

   5,171     5,818  
    

 


(1) This construction loan for the previous premises of the Company is held with Dexia Bank. Interest is payable quarterly on the principal outstanding. Principal of € 37 is repayable annually with a final repayment in December 2005 of € 37.
(2) The loan from Fortis bank, due December 2005 was obtained to finance the acquisition of new land. Interest is payable quarterly. Principal of € 42 is repayable annually.
(3) The loan repayable in February 2006 is held with the Fortis Bank. The loan was taken out to finance the construction of the previous premises of the Company. Interest is payable quarterly. The principal is repayable in annual installments of € 37.
(4) The loan of € 2.0 million from Dexia Bank, repayable in March 2012 was taken out to finance the construction of the current premises of the Company. Interest is payable quarterly. The total quarterly installments, including interest, amount to € 68.
(5) The loan of € 4.4 million from Dexia Bank, also repayable in March 2012 was taken out to finance the construction of the current premises of the Company. Interest is payable quarterly. The total quarterly installments, including interest, amount to € 149.

 

F-19


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

•    The estimated fair value of long-term debt is approximately € 6,058 and € 6,940 at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The estimated fair value of debt is based on borrowing rates currently available with similar terms and average maturities.

 

•    The aggregate maturities of long-term debt (excluding obligations under capital leases) for the year ending December 31, 2004 and each of the subsequent years ending December 31, are as follows:

 

2004

   647

2005

   681

2006

   638

2007

   640

2008

   681

2009 and thereafter

   2,531
    

Total

   5,818
    

 

9 Stockholders’ Equity

 

•    Common shares have no par value. Each share has one voting right attached to it, and there is only one class of common shares. Under Belgian law, the capital structure of the Company, including the number of shares authorized and outstanding, is adopted in the Company’s Articles of Association and may be changed by the shareholders. Until July 7, 2007, the Board is permit ted to increase the capital of the Company by a maximum of € 3,574 without obtaining the consent of the shareholders.

 

Common shares

 

•    For the three years ended December 31, 2003, 2002 and 2001, the number of common shares outstanding has not changed from 10,507,810.

 

•    At December 31, 2003 and 2002, management owned approximately 15.7% and 15.6%, respectively, of the outstanding common shares of ICOS. In addition, non-management directors and affiliates owned approximately 18.2% and 18.0% of the outstanding common shares of ICOS at December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Private and institutional investors own the remainder of the shares.

 

Legal reserves

 

•    Included in the retained earnings are legal reserves of € 1,079 at December 31, 2003. Under Belgian Law, such reserves are not available for distribution to shareholders.

 

F-20


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

10 Employee Stock Option Plans

 

a 2002 Personnel Stock Option Plan

 

•    On November 15, 2002, the Board of Directors decided to set up a Personnel Stock Option Plan in the context of which a maximum of 250,000 new shares may be issued.

 

•    The Personnel Stock Options are securities that are not as such regulated in the Belgian Company Code. They consist of a right to subscribe for a share, such right having all characteristics of a warrant, it being understood, however, that the Company upon the exercise of a Personnel Stock Option may sell one existing share of the Company. Each Personnel Stock Option entitles the holder thereof to one share, it being understood that the obligation of the Company to proceed to the issue of a new share upon the exercise of a Personnel Stock Option, lapses if, and as of the moment that, the Company within a certain period of time as of notification of the exercise, has proceeded, or has allowed a third party to proceed, to the sale of one existing share of the Company in consideration for the exercise price. Upon the exercise of a Personnel Stock Option, one existing share will be delivered (rather than a new share issued) to the relevant holder of the Personnel Stock Options if, and to the extent that:

 

•    (i) the Company at the end of the relevant exercise period, holds own shares; and (ii) the Company believes that it may validly transfer such shares to the holder of the Personnel Stock Options that have been exercised; and (iii) the Company has purchased the own shares that would be sold to the holder of the Personnel Stock Options that have been exercised, at a price that is lower than the exercise price of the Personnel Stock Options.

 

•    The offer of an aggregate of 245.300 Personnel Stock Options has been accepted on February 17, 2003 by the beneficiaries. Out of such 245.300 Personnel Stock Options, 25% are exerciseable under certain conditions from January 1, 2004 until December 5, 2009, 25% are exerciseable under certain conditions from January 1, 2005 until December 5, 2009, 25% are exerciseable under certain conditions from January 1, 2006 until December 5, 2009, and 25% are exerciseable under certain conditions from January 1, 2007 until December 5, 2009.

 

•    The exercise price of the Personnel Stock Options amounts to U.S. dollar 5.50.

 

b 1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan

 

•    In April 1997, the Company had established a 1997 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “1997 Plan”). In connection with this Plan, in April and May 1997, the Company sold to N.V. Fortis Private Equity (“FPE”), 773,764 shares of common stock at a price of € 1.2 per share under an arrangement whereby FPE was holding these shares for resale to employees of the Company. Concurrently with the sale, FPE granted the right to purchase the 773,764 shares to a committee of senior management of the Company (the “Committee”) exerciseable on or before May 31, 2002.

 

F-21


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

•    A summary of the Plan transactions during the two years ended December 31, 2002 follows:

 

     2002

   2001

    

Number of

shares


    Weighted
average
exercise
price


  

Number of

shares


    Weighted
average
exercise
price


Outstanding at beginning of year

   136,983     1.59    135,302     1.37

Granted

   7,427     1.76    141,209     1.73

Exercised

   (137,231 )   1.61    (113,646 )   1.55

Forfeited

   (7,179 )   1.44    (25,882 )   1.37
    

 
  

 

Outstanding at end of year

   —       —      136,983     1.59
    

 
  

 

Available for grant at year-end

   —            248      

 

•    All rights were exercised in the year they became exerciseable. Employees who exercised their rights must hold the shares for a period of two years, following which they may be sold without restriction.

 

•    Compensation expense was recorded on these rights in 2002 and 2001, for amounts of € 370 and € 748, respectively.

 

11 Material losses resulting from the write-down of inventory

 

•    Due to changing market conditions in the semiconductor and electronic assembly industry, in 2001 management conducted a thorough review of the inventory in all of its product lines. As a result, a provision for inventory losses of € 6.0 million was charged against cost of goods sold in 2001 to write down inventory to its net realizable value. This was based on the Company’s best estimates of product sales and customers demand patterns and its plans to transition its products.

 

12 Restructuring charge

 

•    In June and November 2001, the Company implemented cost-realignment programs to organize the Company for the current sales levels in reducing the fixed cost structure of the Group. In total, the Company recorded € 616 of costs associated with its restructuring plans in the year 2001, primarily for employee severance. This charge was included in “Selling, general and administrative expenses” and was fully paid prior to December 31, 2001.

 

F-22


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

13 Segment Disclosures and Related Information

 

•    The Company has adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 131, Disclosure about Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information. The Group operates in the machine vision industry. This involves the development, manufacture, sale and support of machine vision and inspection systems for the semiconductor and electronic assembly industries. The Company has three product lines that are vertically integrated: the vision board is integrated within the system-level product line and the latter is integrated within the inspection machine line. As these product lines are inter-related and integrated from a R&D, selling and production standpoint, the operating profitability of the Company is monitored on an integrated basis. Therefore, management considers that based on these aggregation criteria, only one operating segment is applicable.

 

Disclosure of Geographic Information:

 

Revenues by Destination

 

Years ended December 31,


   2003

   2002

   2001

Germany

   8,126    5,035    5,571

Belgium

   262    10    321

Other European Countries

   2,668    2,865    3,859

United States

   4,779    1,537    1,980

Japan

   7,169    5,958    5,664

Taiwan

   7,943    6,537    1,709

SMT (Singapore, Malaysia & Thailand)

   7,576    2,473    3,491

Other Foreign Countries

   6,234    6,135    3,868
    
  
  

Total

   44,757    30,550    26,463
    
  
  

 

Long-lived Assets

 

December 31,


   2003

   2002

   2001

Belgium

   8,928    9,088    7,692

Other Countries

   268    497    612
    
  
  

Total

   9,196    9,585    8,304
    
  
  

 

14 Significant Customers

 

•    The Company had two significant customers who accounted for approximately 12% and 11%, respectively, of revenues during the year ended December 31, 2003. The Company had three significant customers who accounted for approximately 15%, 11% and 11%, respectively, of revenues during the year ended December 31, 2002. The Company had two significant customers who accounted for approximately 14% and 10%, respectively, of revenues during the year ended December 31, 2001.

 

F-23


Table of Contents

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

(in thousands of €)

 

15 Commitments and Contingencies

 

SCANNER litigation

 

•    In July 2000, SCANNER Technologies Corporation in the United States of America served the Company with a summons and complaint. The complaint alleged infringement by the Company of recently issued patents. Although the Company believed that its technology and products did not infringe any of these patents, it settled the case in 2003 for the majority of the systems. For the remainder of the systems, the Court ruled that the Company was not infringing the patents. The Company had recorded provisions in respect of related legal expenses amounting to approximately € 0.5 million and € 1.0 million at December 31, 2002 and 2001, respectively. The settlement fee of U.S. dollar 450,000 was paid in 2003 and was covered by these provisions.

 

•    Scanner appealed this ruling in 2003. The oral hearing in the appeal took place on February 6, 2004. The Court ruling is expected in the next 90 days counted from the date of the oral hearing, but there are no guarantees on the timing of the ruling.

 

•    If the Company is successful in the appeal, the litigation with Scanner is expected to be over. If the Company is not successful, it believes that it has meritorious defenses to Scanner’s allegations and will decide at that time whether or not to pursue these defenses in a further appeal. The Company believes that as sales of the alleged infringing product have been limited, an adverse ruling in the appeal will not have a significant impact on the Company, other than legal expenses. It is the Company’s intention to continue to vigorously defend its interests.

 

Acquisition of JoinTech Precision Equipment (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd.

 

•    On September 22, 2003, the Company announced that it has agreed to acquire all of the outstanding shares of JoinTech Precision Equipment (Shenzhen) Co. Ltd., in exchange for approximately U.S. dollar 200,000. Jointech, located in Shenzhen, China, near the Hong Kong border, handles final assembly and quality control of inspection machines. The finalization of this transaction is subject to a variety of conditions prior to closing.

 

F-24


Table of Contents
ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV and subsidiaries   Schedule II

 

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

(in thousands of EURO)

 

Description


  

Balance at

beginning of period


  

Additions

(charged to costs

and expenses)


  

Deductions

(write-offs)


   

Balance at end

of period


Allowance for doubtful debts

                    

2001

   93    76    32     137

2002

   137    —      19     118

2003

   118    —      43     75

Reserve for inventory obsolescence

                    

2001

   211    5,989    212     5,988

2002

   5,988    267    1868 *   4,387

2003

   4,387    120    1252 *   3,255

 

* During 2002 and 2003, certain inventory previously reserved for as excess or obsolete, was disposed of through sales to customers (or otherwise disposed of). The inventory reserve is released as the related inventory is disposed of.

 


Table of Contents

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT ON SCHEDULE II

 

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders of

ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV:

 

Under date of February 18, 2004, we reported on the consolidated balance sheets of ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV, a Belgian corporation, and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2003 and 2002, and the related consolidated statements of income (loss), stockholders’ equity and comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2003, which are included in this Annual Report on Form 20-F.

 

In connection with our audits of the aforementioned consolidated financial statements, we also audited the related consolidated financial statement schedule included herein. This financial statement schedule is the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statement schedule based on our audits.

 

In our opinion, such financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

 

Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler

Bedrijfsrevisoren

Represented by Jos Briers.

 

Brussels, Belgium

February 18, 2004


Table of Contents

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit

Number


  

Title


1.01    Restated Articles of Association of the Registrant°
2.01    Specimen Registered Certificate Common Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.01 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1) (Registration No. 333-7906)
2.02    Description of Capital Stock (incorporated by reference to the “Additional Information” section of the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-3) (Registration No. 333-97551)
4.01    Distribution Agreement between the Company and Marubun (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.01 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form F-1) (Registration No. 333-7906)
4.02    Qtec Acquisition Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.01 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 1998)
4.03    Credit Facility with Dexia Bank, dated February 26, 2002 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.03 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2001)
4.04    ICOS Vision Systems Corporation NV 2002 Stock Option Plan° (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.04 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2002)
8.01    Subsidiaries of the Company
11.01    Code of Ethics
12.01    Certification of Principal Executive Officer
12.02    Certification of Principal Financial Officer
13.01    Certification Pursuant to Section 906 Of The Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002 (Subsections (A) And (B) Of Section 1350, Chapter 63 Of Title 18, United States Code)
14.01    Consent of Klynveld Peat Marwick Goerdeler Bedrijfsrevisoren (Independent Auditors for the Company)

° Translated in full or summary version; the original language version is on file with the Registrant and is available upon request.