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Acquisitions and Dispositions of Businesses
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Acquisitions And Dispositions [Abstract]  
Acquisitions and Dispositions of Businesses ACQUISITIONS AND DISPOSITIONS OF BUSINESSES
Acquisitions.  In the first three months of 2020, Kaplan acquired two small businesses; one in its professional (U.S.) division and one in its international division.
During 2019, the Company acquired eight businesses, one in education, three in healthcare, one in manufacturing, and three in other businesses for $211.8 million in cash and contingent consideration and the assumption of $25.8 million in floor plan payables. The assets and liabilities of the companies acquired were recorded at their estimated fair values at the date of acquisition.
On January 31, 2019, the Company acquired an interest in two automotive dealerships for cash and the assumption of floor plan payables (see Note 5). In connection with the acquisition, the automotive subsidiary of the Company borrowed $30 million to finance the acquisition and entered into an interest rate swap to fix the interest rate on the debt at 4.7% per annum (see Note 7). The Company has a 90% interest in the automotive subsidiary. The Company also entered into a management services agreement with an entity affiliated with Christopher J. Ourisman, a member of the Ourisman Automotive Group family of dealerships. Mr. Ourisman and his team operate and manage the dealerships. The Company paid a fee of $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 in connection with the management services provided under this agreement. In addition, the Company advanced $3.5 million to the minority shareholder, an entity controlled by Mr. Ourisman, at an interest rate of 6% per annum. The minority shareholder has the option to acquire up to an additional 10% interest in the automotive subsidiary. The acquisition is expected to provide benefits in the future by diversifying the Company’s business operations and is included in other businesses.
In July 2019, Graham Healthcare Group (GHG) acquired a 100% interest in a small business which is expected to provide certain strategic benefits in the future and is included in healthcare. On July 11, 2019, Kaplan acquired a 100% interest in Heverald, the owner of ESL Education, Europe’s largest language-travel agency and Alpadia, a chain of German and French language schools and junior summer camps. The acquisition is expected to provide synergies within Kaplan’s International English business and is included in Kaplan’s international division.
On July 31, 2019, the Company announced the closing of its acquisition of Clyde’s Restaurant Group (CRG). CRG owns and operates 13 restaurants and entertainment venues in the Washington, DC metropolitan area, including Old Ebbitt Grill and The Hamilton. In connection with the acquisition, the Company entered into several leases with an entity affiliated with some of CRG’s senior managers. The acquisition is expected to provide benefits in the future by diversifying the Company’s business operations and is included in other businesses.
In September 2019, Joyce/Dayton Corp. acquired the assets of a small business. The acquisition is expected to complement current product offerings and is included in manufacturing.
On December 1, 2019, GHG acquired 75% of the preferred shares of CSI Pharmacy Holding Company, LLC, (CSI). In connection with the acquisition, CSI entered into an $11.25 million Term Loan (see Note 7) to finance the acquisition. CSI is a specialty and home infusion pharmacy which provides intravenous immunoglobulin therapies to patients. The minority shareholders may put up to 50% of their preferred shares to GHG and the first put period begins in 2022. A second put period for another tranche of preferred shares begins in 2024. The fair value of the redeemable noncontrolling interest in CSI was $1.7 million at the acquisition date, determined using an income approach. The acquisition is expected to expand the product offerings of the healthcare division.
Acquisition-related costs were expensed as incurred. The aggregate purchase price of the 2019 acquisitions was allocated as follows, based on acquisition date fair values to the following assets and liabilities:
 
 
Purchase Price Allocation
 
 
Year Ended
(in thousands)
 
December 31, 2019
Accounts receivable
 
$
6,762

Inventory
 
34,134

Property, plant and equipment
 
56,391

Lease right-of-use assets
 
98,505

Goodwill
 
84,515

Indefinite-lived intangible assets
 
46,900

Amortized intangible assets
 
21,291

Other assets
 
8,308

Floor plan payables
 
(25,755
)
Other liabilities
 
(42,555
)
Deferred income taxes
 
(2,703
)
Current and noncurrent lease liabilities
 
(99,131
)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest
 
(1,715
)
Noncontrolling interest
 
(1,154
)
Aggregate purchase price, net of cash acquired
 
$
183,793


The 2019 fair values recorded were based upon preliminary valuations and the estimates and assumptions used in such valuations are subject to change within the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date). The values above reflect a measurement period adjustment related to the Lease Right-of-Use Assets and Current and noncurrent lease liabilities. The recording of deferred tax assets or liabilities, working capital and the final amount of residual goodwill and other intangibles are not yet finalized. Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the net assets recognized and represents the estimated future economic benefits arising from other assets acquired that could not be individually identified and separately recognized. The goodwill recorded due to these acquisitions is attributable to the assembled workforces of the acquired companies and expected synergies. The Company expects to deduct $70.7 million of goodwill for income tax purposes for the acquisitions completed in 2019.
The acquired companies were consolidated into the Company’s financial statements starting on their respective acquisition dates. The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the Company’s results as if the current year acquisitions had occurred at the beginning of 2019. The unaudited pro forma information also includes the 2019 acquisitions as if they occurred at the beginning of 2018:
 
Three Months Ended 
 March 31
(in thousands)
2020
 
2019
Operating revenues
$
732,598

 
$
751,191

Net (loss) income
(36,414
)
 
78,896

These pro forma results were based on estimates and assumptions, which the Company believes are reasonable, and include the historical results of operations of the acquired companies and adjustments for depreciation and amortization of identified assets and the effect of pre-acquisition transaction related expenses incurred by the Company and the acquired entities. The pro forma information does not include efficiencies, cost reductions and synergies expected to result from the acquisitions. They are not the results that would have been realized had these entities been part of the Company during the periods presented and are not necessarily indicative of the Company’s consolidated results of operations in future periods.
Sale of Businesses. In November 2019, Kaplan UK completed the sale of a small business which was included in Kaplan International.
Other Transactions. During 2019, the Company established GHC One as a vehicle to invest in a portfolio of healthcare businesses together with a group of senior managers of GHG. As a holder of preferred units, the Company is obligated to contribute 95% of the capital required for the acquisition of portfolio investments with the remaining 5% of the capital coming from the group of senior managers. The operating agreement of GHC One requires the dissolution of the entity on March 31, 2026, at which time the net assets will be distributed to its members. As a preferred unit holder, the Company will receive an amount up to its contributed capital plus a preferred annual return of 8% (guaranteed return) after the group of senior managers has received a redemption of their 5% interest in net assets (manager return). All distributions in excess of the manager and guaranteed return will be paid to common unit holders, which currently comprise the group of senior managers of GHG. The Company may convert its preferred units to common units at any time after which it will receive 80% of all distributions in excess of the manager return, with the remaining 20% of excess distributions going to the group of senior managers as holders of the other common units.
As of March 31, 2020, the Company held a controlling financial interest in GHC One and therefore includes the assets, liabilities, results of operations and cash flows in its consolidated financial statements. GHC One acquired CSI and another small business during 2019. The Company accounts for the minority ownership of the group of senior managers as a mandatorily redeemable noncontrolling interest.

In March 2019, a Hoover minority shareholder put some shares to the Company, which had a redemption value of $0.6 million. Following the redemption, the Company owns 98.01% of Hoover.