INCOME TAXES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Benefit from Income Taxes Based on Loss Before Income Taxes

The benefit from income taxes was based on loss before income taxes as follows:

	Years Ended December 31
	2021		2020		2019
U.S. Source	$	(259,258)	$	(162,939)	$	(182,112)
Non-U.S. Source	183,908		120,617		87,301
Loss before income taxes	$	(75,350)	$	(42,322)	$	(94,811)

Schedule of Components of Provision for (Benefit From) Income Taxes

The U.S. and foreign components of the benefit from income taxes were as follows:

	Years Ended December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Provision for (benefit from) current income tax expense:
Federal	$	(2,038)	$	(14,758)	$	5,127
State and local	1,339		1,201		1,331
Foreign	5,037		1,042		5,339
	4,338		(12,515)		11,797
Provision for (benefit from) deferred income taxes:
Federal	(29,895)		(45,038)		(58,311)
State and local	(1,230)		(5,321)		(5,394)
Foreign	15,517		(838,548)		(19,055)
	(15,608)		(888,907)		(82,760)
Benefit from income taxes	$	(11,270)	$	(901,422)	$	(70,963)

Schedule of Reconciliation of Statutory Federal Income Tax Rate to Company's Effective Income Tax Rate

The following is a reconciliation of the statutory federal income tax benefit to the Company’s effective tax rate:

	December 31,
	2021		2020		2019
Federal statutory income tax benefit	$	(15,824)	$	(8,888)	$	(19,911)
State and local taxes	509		(3,264)		(2,784)
Orphan Drug & General Business Credit	(29,363)		(44,114)		(43,124)
Stock compensation expense	7,859		(1,101)		239
Changes in the fair value of contingent consideration	—		—		(1,804)
Foreign Source Income Subject to U.S. Tax	16,878		6,266		(52)
Foreign tax rate differential (1) (2)	(16,971)		(16,238)		(30,639)
Section 162(m) limitation	6,304		9,571		8,294
Tax Reserves	15,530		2,166		12,123
Intra-entity transfer of assets	(3,920)		(852,338)		—
CARES Act carryback claim	—		(2,201)		—
Valuation allowance/deferred benefit	6,821		6,876		7,827
Other	907		1,843		(1,132)
Effective income tax benefit	$	(11,270)	$	(901,422)	$	(70,963)

(1)     For the year ended December 31, 2021, the foreign rate differential included foreign local tax expense which was at an effective rate lower than the U.S. statutory rate and includes the recognition of the valuation allowance against a portion of the deferred tax assets of the Company’s Dutch subsidiary of $9.3 million.

(2)    For the year ended December 31, 2019, the foreign rate differential included foreign local tax expense which was at an effective rate lower than the U.S. statutory rate and was offset by the benefit of the valuation allowance release against the deferred tax assets of the Company’s Dutch subsidiary of $29.6 million.

Schedule of Components of Net Deferred Tax Assets

The significant components of the Company’s net deferred tax assets were as follows:

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Net deferred tax assets:
Net operating loss carryforwards	$	25,936	$	30,718
Tax credit carryforwards	563,022		532,394
Accrued expenses, reserves, and prepaids	72,759		66,889
Intangible assets	875,311		873,575
Stock-based compensation	50,910		47,011
Lease liabilities	7,422		8,991
Inventory	25,169		32,012
Other	1,943		454
Valuation allowance	(109,176)		(93,075)
Total deferred tax assets	1,513,296		1,498,969
Joint venture basis difference	(1,665)		(1,164)
Acquired intangibles	(1,250)		(1,364)
Deferred revenue	—		(1,517)
ROU assets	(6,808)		(8,280)
Property, plant and equipment	(54,498)		(54,682)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(64,221)		(67,007)
Net deferred tax assets	$	1,449,075	$	1,431,962

Summary of Expiration of not Utilized Net Operating Loss and Tax Credit Carryforwards

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had the following net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, which if not utilized, will expire as follows:

Type	Amount		Year
Federal net operating loss carryforwards	$	4,147	2030-2033
Federal R&D and orphan drug credit carryforwards	$	592,710	2024-2041
State net operating loss carryforwards	$	230,500	2023-2041
Dutch net operating loss carryforwards	$	48,903	Indefinite

Schedule of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits

A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, is as follows:

	December 31,
	2021		2020
Balance at beginning of period	$	182,564	$	168,748
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year	23,499		16,481
(Deletions) Additions for tax positions of prior years	(786)		(2,527)
Lapse of statute of limitations	(182)		(138)
Balance at end of period	$	205,095	$	182,564