Restructuring Charges

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2017

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

Restructuring charges include severance costs associated with headcount reductions, as well as branch closure charges which principally relate to continuing lease obligations at vacant facilities. We incur severance costs and branch closure charges in the ordinary course of our business. We only include such costs that are part of a restructuring program as restructuring charges. Since the first such restructuring program was initiated in 2008, we have completed three restructuring programs, under which we have incurred total restructuring charges of $234.

Closed Restructuring Programs

We have three closed restructuring programs. The first was initiated in 2008 in recognition of a challenging economic environment and was completed in 2011. The second was initiated following the April 30, 2012 acquisition of RSC Holdings Inc. ("RSC"), and was completed in 2013. The third was initiated in the fourth quarter of 2015 in response to challenges in our operating environment. In particular, during 2015, we experienced volume and pricing pressure in our general rental business and our Pump Solutions region associated with upstream oil and gas customers. Additionally, our Lean initiatives did not fully generate the anticipated cost savings due to lower than expected growth. In 2016, we achieved the anticipated run rate savings from the Lean initiatives, and this restructuring program was completed in 2016.

The table below provides certain information concerning restructuring activity during the three months ended March 31, 2017:



	Reserve Balance at		Charged to Costs and Expenses		Payments and Other			Reserve Balance at
	December 31, 2016		Charged to Costs and Expenses		Payments and Other			March 31, 2017
Branch closure charges	$	16	$	—	$	—		$	16
Severance costs	1		—		(1		)	—
Total	$	17	$	—	$	(1	)	$	16

As discussed in note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, we expect to initiate a restructuring program in connection with the NES acquisition that closed on April 3, 2017, and are identifying the actions that we expect to undertake under the program.