EX-99.(C)(II) 2 dex99cii.htm FAIRNESS OPINION SUPPLEMENT OF STOUT RISIUS ROSS, INC. Fairness Opinion Supplement of Stout Risius Ross, Inc.

Exhibit (c)(ii)

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Fairness Opinion Supplement

April 14, 2006

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

I.

   Overview of the Engagement   
   A.   

Summary of the Proposed Transaction

   2
   B.   

Role of Stout Risius Ross, Inc.

   2
   C.   

Due Diligence

   3

II.

   Overview of MPW   
   A.   

Business Description

   6
   B.   

Financial Profile

   7
   C.   

Stock Ownership

   10
   D.   

Trading Profile

   11
   E.   

Economic and Industry Overview

   15

III.

   Valuation of MPW   
   A.   

Valuation Considerations

   18
   B.   

Discounted Cash Flow Method

   19
   C.   

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

   22
   D.   

Guideline Company Method

   26
   E.   

Transaction Method

   29
   F.   

Valuation Conclusion

   32
   G.   

Other Considerations

   34

IV.

   Premiums Paid Analysis   
   A.   

All Merger and Acquisition Transactions

   37
   B.   

All Going-Private Transactions

   40
   C.   

Select Going-Private Transactions

   41

V.

   Conclusions   
   A.   

Analysis of Offer Price

   45
   B.   

Conclusion as to Fairness

   46

 

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EXHIBITS

 

A.

   MPW Historical Financial Statements

B.

   Weighted Average Cost of Capital

C.

   Guideline Company Tearsheets

D.

   Select Guideline Company Financial Information

E.

   Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions

F.

   Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure

G.

   Select Going-Private Transactions

 

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I. Overview of the Engagement

 

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I. OVERVIEW OF THE ENGAGEMENT

 

A. Summary of the Proposed Transaction

 

    The Board of Directors (the “Board”) of MPW Industrial Services Group, Inc. (hereinafter, “MPW” or the “Company”) received a proposal from Monte R. Black, President, CEO, and Chairman of the Board, pursuant to the terms of which Noir Acquisition Corporation (the “Purchaser”), a newly formed acquisition company controlled by Mr. Black and his affiliates (including any immediate family thereof), will acquire all outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock other than the shares held by the Purchaser at a price of $2.55 per share in cash (the “Offer Price”) and will be merged with and into MPW. (Hereinafter, the Purchaser’s acquisition of the Company’s stock is referred to as the “Transaction.”)

 

    Subsequent to the Transaction, the newly formed corporation will be beneficially owned by Mr. Black, as well as certain members of MPW’s management team that may be invited to invest in the Purchaser prior to the Transaction or may receive an equity stake in the surviving corporation.

 

    The Purchaser owns 6,312,654 of the 10,716,207 shares of the Company’s common stock currently outstanding (i.e., 59%), and also owns options to purchase an additional 135,000 shares.

 

    LaSalle Bank NA (“LaSalle”) has agreed to provide the Purchaser with debt financing sufficient to consummate the Transaction.

 

    The Board has formed a special committee of the Board (the “Special Committee”) to consider certain matters regarding the Transaction, including the ability to disapprove of the Transaction.

 

    The stated rationale for the Transaction includes no analyst coverage, low equity float with minimal liquidity, the elimination of public company expenses, such as Sarbanes Oxley, as well as tax considerations given other potential structures.

 

B. Role of Stout Risius Ross, Inc.

 

    The Special Committee has requested that Stout Risius Ross, Inc. render an opinion (the “Opinion”) as to the fairness or inadequacy, from a financial point of view, to the public shareholders of the Company, other than the Purchaser, of the consideration to be received by them in connection with the Transaction.

 

    On April 5, 2006, Stout Risius Ross, Inc. delivered an oral opinion to the Special Committee that the Offer Price (revised from an initial offer price of $2.40 per share) was fair to the public shareholders of the Company, other than the Purchaser, from a financial point of view.

 

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C. Due Diligence

The principal sources of information used in performing our analysis included, but were not limited to:

 

    MPW’s annual reports on Form 10-K for the four fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 through June 30, 2005, and MPW’s quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2005;

 

    Company-prepared internal financial statements for the four fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 through June 30, 2005, and for the interim eight-month periods ended February 28, 2005 and 2006;

 

    Company-prepared financial projections for the fiscal years ending June 30, 2006 through June 30, 2010;

 

    A draft Agreement and Plan of Merger by and between the Company and the Purchaser, dated April 11, 2006;

 

    A letter addressed to Monte R. Black detailing the LaSalle proposed credit facilities, dated January 31, 2006;

 

    A stock option summary as of December 31, 2005;

 

    A schedule of capital expenditures for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 through 2005;

 

    A schedule of revenue by industry for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2004 and 2005;

 

    A reconciliation of operating income on the internal financials to the Form 10-Ks for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 and 2003;

 

    A list of unusual and non-recurring items for the fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 through 2005; and

 

    Various other documents and schedules provided by management and/or private or public sources.

In addition, we employed the following procedures in performing our analysis:

 

    Interviews with certain members of senior management of the Company, including Monte R. Black, President, CEO, and Chairman of the Board, and Robert J. Valentine, Vice President, CFO/COO, Secretary and Treasurer, to discuss the Company’s history, operations, financial condition, industry, and future prospects;

 

    A visit to the Company’s headquarters in Hebron, Ohio;

 

    A review of the historical market prices and trading volume of the Company’s publicly-traded common stock, an analysis of the stockholder profile of the Company and the number of stockholders, and a review of publicly available news articles and press releases relating to the Company;

 

    A review of publicly available financial data of certain publicly-traded companies that we deem comparable to MPW;

 

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    A review of publicly available information regarding certain transactions involving companies that we deem comparable to MPW;

 

    A review of premiums paid in certain going-private transactions that we deem relevant; and

 

    Such other studies, analyses, and inquiries as we have deemed appropriate.

 

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II. Overview of MPW

 

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II. OVERVIEW OF MPW

 

A. Business Description

 

    Founded in 1972, MPW, through its subsidiaries, provides integrated, technically-based industrial cleaning and related facilities support services to an array of industries primarily in North America.

 

    The Company operates in four segments: Industrial Cleaning, Facility Maintenance and Support Services, Industrial Container Cleaning, and Industrial Process Water Purification.

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Industrial Cleaning is the largest component of MPW’s total revenue at just over 60%, but has been operating at a loss in the past two fiscal years

 

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Business Description (Continued)

 

    The Industrial Cleaning segment provides industrial cleaning of critical operating equipment and services, including dry vacuuming, wet vacuuming, industrial power washing, water blasting, ultra-high pressure water blasting, and cryogenic cleaning. It also provides chemical cleaning services on heat exchange equipment primarily for customers in the utility, pulp and paper, and manufacturing industries. RTI and AK Steel accounted for 13% of the Industrial Cleaning revenue in fiscal 2005. This segment sells to over 300 customers.

 

    Facility Management and Support Services segment provides support to customers’ ongoing maintenance of their facilities, as well as various cleaning services. This segment primarily services the automotive industry, as auto manufacturers require daily cleaning of their paint booths in order to meet strict finishing requirements. Toyota, BMW, Honda, and Kenworth Truck represented just under 90% of the revenue for Facility Management and Support Services in fiscal 2005.

 

    The Industrial Container Cleaning segment provides container cleaning services to automotive paint manufacturers and other industrial customers. A large part of this segment’s operations involves cleaning automotive paint totes. It uses patented cleaning systems to perform services from two primary processing facilities located in Detroit, Michigan and Cleveland, Ohio. Dupont and PPG Industries, Inc. are the top two customers at 97% of Industrial Container Cleaning revenue.

 

    The Industrial Process Water Purification segment offers pure feed water to customers primarily in the utility, manufacturing, and automotive industries. It also provides water purification equipment on an emergency response basis. Martin/Manattee Power Partners, Ford Motor Company, and General Electric were the top three customers in fiscal 2005.

 

B. Financial Profile

MPW’s historical and adjusted financial statements are presented in Exhibit A. MPW’s fiscal year ends on June 30th. Operating results are presented for the four fiscal years ended June 30, 2002 through June 30, 2005 and for the latest twelve month (“LTM”) period ended February 28, 2006 (collectively, the “historical period”). The Company’s fiscal year financial statements are based on a combination of internally-prepared financial statements and Form 10-Ks. The LTM period financial statements are based on internally-prepared financial statements. Unless otherwise noted, references made to a year reflect the fiscal year ending in that year (e.g., 2005 refers to the fiscal year ended June 30, 2005).

Balance Sheets

 

    MPW’s balance sheet is moderately levered as of December 31, 2005, with total assets of $65.7 million, total liabilities of $32.8 million, and stockholders’ equity of $32.9 million.

 

    Total assets decreased from $85.8 million as of 2002 to $62.2 million as of 2005 (primarily attributable to a decline in net property and equipment and other assets), before increasing slightly to $65.7 million as of December 31, 2005. Other assets as of 2002 included an investment in an unconsolidated affiliate, which was subsequently written off.

 

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Financial Profile (Continued)

 

    Current assets consist primarily of accounts receivable, inventories, deferred income taxes, prepaid expenses, and cash and cash equivalents. Over the historical period, current assets remained within a tight range, ranging from approximately $22 million to $25 million.

 

    MPW’s net property and equipment decreased from $37.5 million as of 2002 to $29.2 million as of December 31, 2005, as depreciation outpaced capital expenditures.

 

    The Company’s largest other assets are goodwill and other net intangible assets, which were $5.5 million and $6.1 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2005.

 

    The primary components of current liabilities are accounts payable, current interest-bearing debt, and accrued liabilities. Current liabilities ranged between $12.2 million and $18.1 million during the historical period.

 

    Interest-bearing debt was $17.6 million as of December 31, 2005. Interest-bearing debt is down from a historical period high of $27.4 million as of 2002.

 

    Due to the write-off of an investment in an unconsolidated affiliate, total stockholders’ equity decreased from $39.8 million as of 2002 to $32.9 million as of December 31, 2005.

Income Statements

 

    Revenue ranged from a low of $89.1 million in 2004 to a high of $102.8 million in 2003. Revenue growth over the historical period represented a 2.8% compound annual growth rate (“CAGR”).

 

    Gross margin steadily decreased from 33.4% to 25.7% during the historical period. The decreasing trend in gross margin is partially attributable to competitive pricing pressures.

 

    The Company’s selling, general and administrative (“S,G&A”) expenses fluctuated between $14.7 million and $17.4 million during the historical period. Depreciation and amortization expense declined from 10.9% of revenue in 2002 to 7.4% of revenue in the LTM period.

 

    The Company’s reported earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization (“EBITDA”) ranged from a low of $9.0 million, or 10.1% of revenue, in 2004, to a high of $15.6 million, or 17.2% of revenue, in 2002, with an average of approximately $12.0 million, or 12.6% of revenue, during the historical period (see Exhibits A-3 and A-4).

 

    Net capital expenditures ranged from a low of $3.7 million in 2004 to a high of $7.4 million in 2003, and averaged $5.8 million during the historical period.

 

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Financial Profile (Continued)

Certain non-recurring adjustments were made to reported financial results to more accurately reflect the Company’s normalized economic income from operations. These adjustments are based on a schedule provided by MPW management and are detailed in Exhibit A-5. The chart below compares the Company’s adjusted earnings before interest and taxes (“EBIT”) margin to the reported EBIT margin.

 

    MPW’s adjusted EBIT declined from $7.6 million in 2002, or 8.3% of revenue, to $1.5 million, or 1.7% of revenue, in 2004, before increasing to $3.6 million, or 3.6% of revenue, in the LTM period.

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Removing certain non-recurring items, such as workers’ compensation, inventory adjustments, and customer bankruptcies, among others, results in improved profitability

 

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C. Stock Ownership

Mr. Black and his immediate family own approximately 59% of the common stock outstanding or essentially all of the total insider common stock

Tontine Financial Partners, National City Bank, and Vanguard Group are the three largest institutional holders, with roughly 14% of the total common stock

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Common Shares

Outstanding

   

% of

Common

 

Insider Ownership(1)

    

Monte R. Black

   6,312,654 (2)   58.91 %

Pete A. Klisares

   2,000     0.02 %

Luke Feck

   2,000     0.02 %

Timothy A. Walsh

   1,500     0.01 %

James P. Mock

   1,000     0.01 %

Robert Valentine

   0     0.00 %

Alfred Friedman

   0     0.00 %
            

Total Insider

   6,319,154     58.97 %

Institutional Ownership(3)

    

Tontine Financial Partners

   807,500     7.54 %

National City Bank

   547,840     5.11 %

Vanguard Group, Inc.

   117,820     1.10 %

CalPERS

   66,000     0.62 %

Northern Trust Corporation

   16,892     0.16 %

Dimensional Fund Advisors

   12,900     0.12 %

Barclays Bank PLC

   7,133     0.07 %
            

Total Institutional

   1,576,085     14.71 %

Other Public Float

   2,820,968     26.32 %
            

Basic Shares Outstanding

   10,716,207     100.00 %
            

 

(1) Based on the Company’s Schedule 14A Proxy Statement as of October 2005.

 

(2) Includes 620,000 shares held by Mr. Black’s wife; 39,954 shares held by Mr. Black’s children; and an aggregate of 547,840 shares held in trust for Mr. Black’s children.

 

(3) Based on Bloomberg, L.P. data as of December 31, 2005.

MPW is majority owned by Mr. Black and his family, as the public float and institutional ownership represented a combined 41% of the common stock outstanding

 

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D. Trading Profile

MPW shares spiked in September 2005 due to Hurricane Katrina speculation, as investors thought MPW would benefit from rebuilding opportunities…

Summary Stock Price Profile - LTM

 

Price per Share @ March 17, 2006

   $ 1.99

52 Week High

     2.87

52 Week Low

     1.70

52 Week Median

     1.99

52 Week Mean

     2.05

…but the speculation subsided by October 2005, prompting the shares to return to a more historically consistent level

Summary Stock Volume Profile - LTM

 

Volume @ March 17, 2006

   9,500

52 Week High

   774,200

52 Week Low

   0

52 Week Median

   4,450

52 Week Mean

   20,587

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Trading Profile (continued)

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Source: Capital IQ, Inc.

 

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Trading Profile (continued)

MPW shares have underperformed both the S&P 500 and our proprietary guideline index over the last twelve months*

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Source: Capital IQ, Inc.

 

* The SRR Guideline index is a market capitalization-weighted index comprised of the guideline companies discussed later in this presentation

 

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Trading Profile (continued)

Approximately 27% of MPW’s volume over the latest twelve-month period has traded above the Offer Price, mainly due to the Hurricane Katrina rebuilding speculation

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Source: Capital IQ, Inc.

 

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E. Economic and Industry Overview

GDP growth is expected to be flat in 2006, before trending down to approximately 3.0% long-term

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Inflation is expected to decline in 2006 and remain steady over the subsequent ten years

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Economic and Industry Overview (Continued)

MPW services heavy industrial companies in the automotive, utilities, manufacturing, pulp & paper, and metals industries, among others

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    The manufacturing industry (22% of revenue) is highly fragmented and dependent on consumer spending / retail, with an expected CAGR of 5.2% from 2005 to 2008. The industry has been impacted by low cost imports.

 

    The automotive industry (17% of revenue) is also very cyclical and competitive, as well as dependent on consumer spending. Automotive customers frequently seek price concessions from MPW.

 

    The metals industry (17% of revenue) is dependent on the general manufacturing and automotive industries. The industry is highly cyclical and is impacted by foreign imports. Industry sources have estimated a CAGR of 7.8% from 2005 through 2008.

 

    The utilities industry (24% of sales) is the largest and the least cyclical end market. Demand is tied to population growth and general economic activity, as well as changes in consumption and regulation. The expected CAGR from 2005 through 2008 is 5.1%.

 

    The pulp and paper industry (11% of sales) is dependent on consumer and business demand. The industry is highly cyclical and is impacted by foreign competition. Industry sources have estimated a CAGR of 5.5% from 2005 through 2008.

 

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III. Valuation of MPW

 

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III. VALUATION OF MPW

 

A. Valuation Considerations

 

Discounted Cash Flow (“DCF”) Analysis

 

•      Develop five-year projections

 

•      Residual year and cost of capital methodology

 

•      Sensitivity analysis for key assumptions

 

Leveraged Buyout (“LBO”) Analysis

 

•      Develop five-year projections

 

•      Layer in maximum debt structure

 

•      Value to achieve required equity returns

 

Guideline Company Analysis

 

•      Publicly-traded companies

 

•      Similar operating/industry characteristics

 

•      Apply relevant valuation multiples

 

Transaction Analysis

 

•      Recent M&A transactions

 

•      Similar operating/industry characteristics

 

•      Apply relevant valuation multiples

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Implied

Valuation of

MPW

 

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B. Discounted Cash Flow Method

MPW’s expected future cash flows from 2006 through 2010 are based on management’s projections. These forecasts were reviewed for reasonableness in light of historical performance, discussions with management, and operating conditions in the industry. We project a residual year cash flow in 2011. The following pages summarize the Company’s projected performance utilized in the DCF methodology.

Revenue growth over the entire projection period (i.e., 2006 through the residual period) corresponds to a CAGR of 4.1%, which is above the Company’s five-year historical period revenue CAGR of 2.8%

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The EBITDA CAGR is projected to be 3.6%, which is below the revenue growth rate, resulting in modest margin contraction

 

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Discounted Cash Flow Method (Continued)

MPW’s Enterprise Value (“EV”) is determined by calculating the present value of all future cash flows and the residual value using the Company’s weighted average cost of capital. The weighted average cost of capital calculation is presented in Exhibit B-1. The following table details the calculation of MPW’s EV. Based on a sensitivity analysis, we select an indicated EV range of $34.2 million to $46.1 million.

MPW Discounted Cash Flow Analysis

 

               For the Year Ending  
               6/30/2006
Year 1
    6/30/2007
Year 2
    6/30/2008
Year 3
    6/30/2009
Year 4
    6/30/2010
Year 5
    6/30/2011
Residual
 
1  

Revenue

     $ 102,114     $ 105,760     $ 109,774     $ 114,206     $ 118,877     $ 124,821  
2  

Cost of Services Sold

       73,400       75,121       77,711       80,556       83,544       87,018  
                                                    
3  

Gross Profit

       28,714       30,639       32,063       33,650       35,333       37,802  
4  

S,G,&A Expenses

       17,163       18,443       19,738       21,071       22,444       24,021  
5  

Other Income (Expense)

       0       0       0       0       0       0  
                                                    
6  

EBITDA

       11,551       12,196       12,325       12,579       12,889       13,781  
7  

Depreciation and Amortization

       7,963       7,597       7,301       6,962       6,767       6,498  
                                                    
8  

EBIT

       3,588       4,599       5,024       5,617       6,122       7,283  
9  

Interest Expense

       0       0       0       0       0       0  
                                                    
10  

Earnings Before Income Taxes

       3,588       4,599       5,024       5,617       6,122       7,283  
11  

Income Taxes

   40.0 %     (1,435 )     (1,840 )     (2,010 )     (2,247 )     (2,449 )     (2,913 )
                                                    
12  

Debt-Free Net Income Adjustments:

       2,153       2,760       3,015       3,370       3,673       4,370  
13  

Add: Depreciation and Amortization

       7,963       7,597       7,301       6,962       6,767       6,498  
14  

Less: Capital Expenditures

       (7,900 )     (5,385 )     (5,547 )     (5,713 )     (5,884 )     (6,498 )
15  

Less: Additional Working Capital

       (105 )     (365 )     (401 )     (443 )     (467 )     (594 )
                                                    
16  

Distributable Cash Flow

       2,111       4,607       4,367       4,176       4,089       3,776  

17 Enterprise Value Sensitivity Table (Dollars in Millions)

 

      Residual Growth Rate

WACC

   3.0%    4.0%    5.0%    6.0%    7.0%
15.0%    30.50    32.80    35.60    39.00    43.30
14.5%    31.60    34.20    37.30    41.10    45.90
14.0%    32.90    35.70    39.10    43.40    48.90
13.5%    34.30    37.40    41.20    46.10    52.40

13.0%

   35.80    39.20    43.50    49.10    56.50

 

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Discounted Cash Flow Method (Continued)

The following table details the common size discounted cash flow analysis.

MPW Discounted Cash Flow Analysis - Common Size

 

         For the Year Ending  
         6/30/2006
Year 1
    6/30/2007
Year 2
    6/30/2008
Year 3
    6/30/2009
Year 4
    6/30/2010
Year 5
    6/30/2011
Residual
 
1  

Revenue

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %
2  

Cost of Services Sold

   71.9 %   71.0 %   70.8 %   70.5 %   70.3 %   69.7 %
                                      
3  

Gross Profit

   28.1 %   29.0 %   29.2 %   29.5 %   29.7 %   30.3 %
4  

S,G,&A Expenses

   16.8 %   17.4 %   18.0 %   18.4 %   18.9 %   19.2 %
5  

Other Income (Expense)

   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %
                                      
6  

EBITDA

   11.3 %   11.5 %   11.2 %   11.0 %   10.8 %   11.0 %
7  

Depreciation and Amortization

   7.8 %   7.2 %   6.7 %   6.1 %   5.7 %   5.2 %
                                      
8  

EBIT

   3.5 %   4.3 %   4.6 %   4.9 %   5.1 %   5.8 %
9  

Interest Expense

   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %
                                      
10  

Earnings Before Income Taxes

   3.5 %   4.3 %   4.6 %   4.9 %   5.1 %   5.8 %
11  

Income Taxes

   -1.4 %   -1.7 %   -1.8 %   -2.0 %   -2.1 %   -2.3 %
                                      
12  

Debt-Free Net Income Adjustments:

   2.1 %   2.6 %   2.7 %   3.0 %   3.1 %   3.5 %
13  

Add: Depreciation and Amortization

   7.8 %   7.2 %   6.7 %   6.1 %   5.7 %   5.2 %
14  

Less: Capital Expenditures

   -7.7 %   -5.1 %   -5.1 %   -5.0 %   -4.9 %   -5.2 %
15  

Less: Additional Working Capital

   -0.1 %   -0.3 %   -0.4 %   -0.4 %   -0.4 %   -0.5 %
                                      
16  

Distributable Cash Flow

   2.1 %   4.4 %   4.0 %   3.7 %   3.4 %   3.0 %

 

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C. Leveraged Buyout Analysis

 

    For the lower end of the leveraged buyout analysis, we have adopted the following parameters:

 

    Target 30% return for equity investors;

 

    Maximum senior debt-to-LTM EBITDA of 3.00x;

 

    Minimum percentage equity contribution of 20%; and

 

    No adjustment for lack of public company expenses.

 

    The lower end LBO analysis suggests an EV of approximately $40.4 million.

MPW - Low End of Range

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

 

($ millions) Sources & Uses

   Amount    Percent  

Uses

     

Equity Purchase

   $ 23.9    57.3 %

Retire Existing Debt

     16.5    39.6 %

Transaction and Financing Fees

     1.3    3.1 %
             
   $ 41.7    100.0 %
             

 

Sources

   / LTM (a)
EBITDA
    / 06’
EBITDA
            
   $ 11.1     $ 11.6       

Revolver

     1.31 x     1.25 x   $ 14.5    34.7 %

Bank Term Debt

     1.69 x     1.62 x     18.8    45.0 %

Subordinated Debt

     0.00 x     0.00 x     —      0.0 %
                             
     3.00 x     2.87 x     33.2    79.6 %
           Initial Stake             

Equity

       100.0 %     8.5    20.4 %
                 
       $ 41.7    100.0 %
                 

Transaction Valuation Summary

 

Implied Enterprise Value

     $ 40.4  

Less: Net Debt at Closing

       (16.5 )
          

Implied Equity Value

     $ 23.9  

Enterprise Value /

   LTM (a)     2006E  

Revenue

   0.40 x     0.40 x

EBITDA

   3.6 x     3.5 x

EBIT

   11.3 x     10.3 x
     5-Year Returns (b)  
     IRR     Ownership  

Equity

   30.0 %     100.0 %

Key Assumptions

 

  

Current 3-month LIBOR

   4.94 %

Revolver

   7.44 %

Bank Term Debt

   7.44 %

Tax Rate

   40.0 %

Amortize Finance Fees

   5 years  

Advance Rate Accounts Receivable

   80.0 %

Advance Rate Inventory

   50.0 %

Advance Rate PP&E

   50.0 %

Assumed Transaction Date

   6/30/2006  

 

(a) Last twelve months ended February 28, 2008.

 

(b) Assumes exit multiple of 3.6x EBITDA in 2011.

 

LOGO

   22    LOGO


Leveraged Buyout Analysis (Continued)

 

    The projections below layer in the capital structure from a theoretical LBO and do not include a public company expense add back. For purposes of the LBO analysis, we projected performance for an additional year in 2011.

MPW - Low End of Range

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

($ millions)

     Year Ending June 30,  

Summary Financial Results

   2003A     2004A     2005A     2006E     2007P     2008P     2009P     2010P     2011P  

Income Statement

                  

Revenue

   $ 95.8     $ 89.4     $ 93.3     $ 102.1     $ 105.8     $ 109.8     $ 114.2     $ 118.9     $ 124.8  

growth

     —         (6.7 %)     4.3 %     9.4 %     3.6 %     3.8 %     4.0 %     4.1 %     5.0 %

Gross Profit

   $ 30.6     $ 25.3     $ 25.3     $ 28.7     $ 30.6     $ 32.1     $ 33.7     $ 35.3     $ 37.8  

margin

     32.0 %     28.3 %     27.1 %     28.1 %     29.0 %     29.2 %     29.5 %     29.7 %     30.3 %

EBITDA

   $ 14.6     $ 10.3     $ 10.0     $ 11.6     $ 12.2     $ 12.3     $ 12.6     $ 12.9     $ 13.8  

margin

     15.2 %     11.5 %     10.7 %     11.3 %     11.5 %     11.2 %     11.0 %     10.8 %     11.0 %

EBIT

   $ 4.9     $ 1.5     $ 2.2     $ 3.9     $ 5.0     $ 5.5     $ 6.0     $ 6.5     $ 7.0  

margin

     5.1 %     1.7 %     2.3 %     3.9 %     4.7 %     5.0 %     5.3 %     5.4 %     5.6 %

EBITDA / Interest

           NMF       4.9 x     5.5 x     6.2 x     7.0 x     8.5 x

Total Debt / EBITDA

           2.87 x     2.48 x     2.23 x     1.96 x     1.69 x     1.31 x

Senior Debt / EBITDA

           2.87 x     2.48 x     2.23 x     1.96 x     1.69 x     1.31 x

Senior Debt / Initial Senior Debt

           100.0 %     91.1 %     82.7 %     74.3 %     65.8 %     54.6 %

Balance Sheet

                  

Cash

         $ —       $ 0.0     $ 0.0     ($ 0.0 )   $ 0.0       ($0.0 )

Revolver

           14.5       14.0       13.8       13.9       14.1       18.1  

Bank Term Debt

           18.8       16.3       13.7       10.8       7.8       0.0  

Subordinated Debt

           —         —         —         —         —         —    
                                                      

Total Debt

           33.2       30.3       27.5       24.7       21.8       18.1  

Working Capital

           9.7       10.0       10.4       10.9       11.3       11.2  

Capital Expenditures

           7.9       5.4       5.5       5.7       5.9       6.3  

Borrowing Base

                  

Accounts Rec. Availability

         $ 14.5     $ 15.2     $ 15.8     $ 16.4     $ 17.1     $ 17.4  

Inventory Availability

           0.8       0.9       0.9       0.9       1.0       1.0  
                                                      

Total Availability

           15.4       16.0       16.7       17.3       18.1       18.4  

Less: Revolver

           (14.5 )     (14.0 )     (13.8 )     (13.9 )     (14.1 )     (18.1 )
                                                      

Excess Availability

           0.9       2.1       2.9       3.5       4.0       0.3  

PP&E Availability

           14.6       13.8       13.3       13.1       12.9       12.8  

 

LOGO

  23   LOGO


Leveraged Buyout Analysis (Continued)

 

    For the higher end of the leveraged buyout analysis, we have adopted the following parameters:

 

    Target 25% return for equity investors;

 

    Maximum senior debt-to-LTM EBITDA of 3.00x;

 

    Minimum percentage equity contribution of 20%; and

 

    Includes an adjustment for lack of public company expenses.

 

    The higher end LBO analysis suggests an EV of approximately $44.4 million.

MPW - High End of Range

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

 

($ millions)

      

Sources & Uses

         Amount     Percent  

Uses

      

Equity Purchase

     $ 27.9       61.0 %

Retire Existing Debt

       16.5       36.1 %

Transaction and Financing Fees

 

    1.3       2.8 %
                    
     $ 45.7       100.0 %
                    

Sources

   / LTM (a)
EBITDA
    / 06’
EBITDA
             
   $ 11.4     $ 11.9    

Revolver

     1.26 x     1.21 x   $ 14.4       31.4 %

Bank Term Debt

     1.65 x     1.58 x     18.8       41.0 %

Subordinated Debt

     0.00 x     0.00 x     —         0.0 %
                                
     2.91 x     2.79 x     33.1       72.4 %
           Initial Stake              

Equity

       100.0 %     12.6       27.6 %
                    
       $ 45.7       100.0 %
                    

Transaction Valuation Summary

        

Implied Enterprise Value

         $ 44.4  

Less: Net Debt at Closing

           (16.5 )
              

Implied Equity Value

         $ 27.9  

Enterprise Value /

         LTM  (a)     2006E  

Revenue

         0.44 x     0.43 x

EBITDA

         4.0 x     3.7 x

EBIT

         12.4 x     10.5 x

Returns Analysis Summary

        
                 5-Year Returns (b)  
                 IRR     Ownership  

Equity

         25.0 %     100.0 %

Key Assumptions

        

Current 3-month LIBOR

           4.94 %

Revolver

           7.44 %

Bank Term Debt

           7.44 %

Tax Rate

           40.0 %

Amortize Finance Fees

           5 years  

Advance Rate Accounts Receivable

           80.0 %

Advance Rate Inventory

           50.0 %

Advance Rate PP&E

           50.0 %

Assumed Transaction Date

           6/30/2006  

 

(a) Last twelve months ended February 28, 2008.

 

(b) Assumes exit multiple of 3.6x EBITDA in 2011.

 

LOGO

  24   LOGO


Leveraged Buyout Analysis (Continued)

 

    The projections below layer in the capital structure from a theoretical LBO and include a public company expense add back. For purposes of the LBO analysis, we projected performance for an additional year in 2011.

MPW - High End of Range

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

($ millions)

 

     Year Ending June 30,  

Summary Financial Results

   2003A     2004A     2005A     2006E     2007P     2008P     2009P     2010P     2011P  

Income Statement

                  

Revenue

   $ 95.8     $ 89.4     $ 93.3     $ 102.1     $ 105.8     $ 109.8     $ 114.2     $ 118.9     $ 124.8  

growth

     —         (6.7 %)     4.3 %     9.4 %     3.6 %     3.8 %     4.0 %     4.1 %     5.0 %

Gross Profit

   $ 30.6     $ 25.3     $ 25.3     $ 28.7     $ 30.6     $ 32.1     $ 33.7     $ 35.3     $ 37.8  

margin

     32.0 %     28.3 %     27.1 %     28.1 %     29.0 %     29.2 %     29.5 %     29.7 %     30.3 %

EBITDA

   $ 14.6     $ 10.3     $ 10.0     $ 11.9     $ 12.7     $ 13.4     $ 13.6     $ 13.9     $ 14.8  

margin

     15.2 %     11.5 %     10.7 %     11.6 %     12.1 %     12.2 %     11.9 %     11.7 %     11.9 %

EBIT

   $ 4.9     $ 1.5     $ 2.2     $ 4.2     $ 5.5     $ 6.6     $ 7.1     $ 7.5     $ 8.1  

margin

     5.1 %     1.7 %     2.3 %     4.2 %     5.2 %     6.0 %     6.2 %     6.3 %     6.5 %

EBITDA / Interest

           NMF       5.2 x     6.0 x     6.9 x     8.2 x     10.3 x

Total Debt / EBITDA

           2.79 x     2.34 x     1.97 x     1.68 x     1.39 x     1.01 x

Senior Debt / EBITDA

           2.79 x     2.34 x     1.97 x     1.68 x     1.39 x     1.01 x

Senior Debt / Initial Senior Debt

           100.0 %     90.1 %     79.7 %     69.2 %     58.5 %     45.0 %

Balance Sheet

                  

Cash

         $ —       $ 0.0     $ 0.0     ($ 0.0 )   $ 0.0     $ 0.0  

Revolver

           14.4       13.5       12.7       12.1       11.6       14.9  

Bank Term Debt

           18.8       16.3       13.7       10.8       7.8       0.0  

Subordinated Debt

           —         —         —         —         —         —    
                                                      

Total Debt

           33.1       29.8       26.4       22.9       19.4       14.9  

Working Capital

           9.7       10.0       10.4       10.9       11.3       11.2  

Capital Expenditures

           7.9       5.4       5.5       5.7       5.9       6.3  

Borrowing Base

                  

Accounts Rec. Availability

         $ 14.5     $ 15.2     $ 15.8     $ 16.4     $ 17.1     $ 17.4  

Inventory Availability

           0.8       0.9       0.9       0.9       1.0       1.0  
                                                      

Total Availability

           15.4       16.0       16.7       17.3       18.1       18.4  

Less: Revolver

           (14.4 )     (13.5 )     (12.7 )     (12.1 )     (11.6 )     (14.9 )
                                                      

Excess Availability

           1.0       2.5       3.9       5.2       6.4       3.5  

PP&E Availability

           14.6       13.8       13.3       13.1       12.9       12.8  

 

LOGO

   25    LOGO


D. Guideline Company Method

The guideline company method is used to estimate the Company’s EV by applying market related pricing ratios of comparable publicly traded stocks to the financial performance of MPW. This analysis is highlighted below and presented in Exhibit D.

The guideline companies were selected based upon their similarity to the Company; however, exact comparability is not required under this method of valuation. Rather, if there are no companies identical in terms of business line, it may be necessary to consider companies with an underlying similarity of relevant investment characteristics, such as end markets, products, growth, cyclical variability, or other pertinent factors. The guideline company tearsheets are presented in Exhibit C.

Selected Guideline Companies

 

   

Company

   03/17/06
Price
Per Share
   Shares
Outstanding
  

Market

Value of
Equity (“MVE”)

   Plus:
Total
Debt
   Plus:
Preferred
Stock
   Plus:
Minority Int.
in Subs.
  

Less:

Cash and
Equivalents

   Enterprise
Value (“EV”)
1  

ABM Industries Inc.

   $ 17.20    48.8    $ 838.8    $ 0.0    $ 0.0    $ 0.0    $ 43.2    $ 795.6
2  

American Ecology Corp.

     20.19    17.8      358.9      0.0      0.0      0.0      19.9      339.0
3  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

     7.60    1,699.9      12,924.3      2,156.1      0.0      7.9      133.0      14,955.3
4  

CECO Environmental Corp.

     9.13    10.0      91.2      16.4      0.0      0.0      0.5      107.1
5  

Clean Harbors Inc.

     31.73    17.0      541.0      154.6      0.0      0.0      47.1      648.4
6  

Flow International Corp.

     12.75    34.7      441.9      25.0      0.0      0.0      24.4      442.5
7  

Impel SA

     5.05    15.0      76.0      1.7      0.0      0.1      21.8      55.9
8  

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

     19.45    38.4      746.4      98.7      0.0      2.6      8.6      839.2
9  

Matrix Service Co.

     11.00    20.8      228.5      45.9      0.0      0.0      2.5      271.9
10  

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

     0.36    11.7      4.2      6.6      0.0      0.0      0.0      10.9
11  

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

     1.70    44.8      76.1      16.7      0.0      1.3      0.1      93.9
12  

PDG Environmental Inc.

     2.03    15.7      32.0      8.1      2.7      0.0      0.3      42.5

 

LOGO

   26    LOGO


Guideline Company Method (Continued)

Specific valuation multiples derived from the selected publicly traded companies are applied to the appropriate financial results of MPW.

Our selected range of multiples is reasonable given MPW’s smaller size, slower growth, and lower profitability versus the guideline group (refer to Exhibit D)

EBIT is a more meaningful performance measure than EBITDA given the differences between MPW’s historical capital expenditure and depreciation levels versus the guideline group

Guideline Company Method - Derivation of Implied Pricing Multiples

 

              Implied Pricing Multiples  
              LTM     5-Year Average  
   

Company

   Enterprise
Value (“EV”)
   EV/
Revenue
    EV/
EBIT
    EV/
Revenue
    EV/
EBIT
 
1  

ABM Industries Inc.

   $ 795.6    0.31 x   12.5 x   0.35 x   14.7 x
2  

American Ecology Corp.

     339.0    4.27 x   18.3 x   6.11 x   32.0 x
3  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

     14,955.3    2.33 x   17.7 x   2.55 x   21.2 x
4  

CECO Environmental Corp.

     107.1    1.34 x   53.2 x   1.38 x   54.5 x
5  

Clean Harbors Inc.

     648.4    0.93 x   12.9 x   1.27 x   23.1 x
6  

Flow International Corp.

     442.5    2.41 x   28.3 x   2.81 x   nmf  
7  

Impel SA

     55.9    0.30 x   3.8 x   0.37 x   5.4 x
8  

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

     839.2    1.88 x   18.5 x   2.35 x   20.0 x
9  

Matrix Service Co.

     271.9    0.57 x   nmf     0.67 x   49.4 x
10  

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

     10.9    0.50 x   13.1 x   0.65 x   15.4 x
11  

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

     93.9    1.01 x   17.9 x   1.15 x   15.8 x
12  

PDG Environmental Inc.

     42.5    0.59 x   10.3 x   0.85 x   29.5 x
       Minimum    0.30 x   3.8 x   0.35 x   5.4 x
       Lower Quartile    0.55 x   12.7 x   0.67 x   15.6 x
       Median    0.97 x   17.7 x   1.21 x   21.2 x
       Upper Quartile    1.99 x   18.4 x   2.40 x   30.8 x
       Maximum    4.27 x   53.2 x   6.11 x   54.5 x
                             
       Lower Bound    0.35 x   11.0 x   0.45 x   12.0 x
       Upper Bound    0.45 x   13.0 x   0.55 x   14.0 x

 

LOGO

   27    LOGO


Guideline Company Method (Continued)

Applying the selected market multiples to the financial fundamentals of the Company yields a range of indications of EV, as presented in the following table:

 

Measure of Performance

   MPW
Results
        Range of Multiples         Range of EV  

LTM Revenue

   $ 100,686    ×    0.35x      to    0.45x    =    $ 35,240     to    $ 45,309  

LTM EBIT

     3,582    ×    11.0x      to    13.0x    =      39,397     to      46,560  

5-Year Average Revenue

     94,024    ×    0.45x      to    0.55x    =      42,311     to      51,713  

5-Year Average EBIT

     3,946    ×    12.0x      to    14.0x    =      47,355     to      55,247  
                                     
         Median         40,854          49,137  
         Mean         41,076          49,707  
      Coefficient of Variation         12.4 %        9.3 %
         Suggested EVs       $ 41,000     to    $ 49,000  
                                     

 

LOGO

  28   LOGO


E. Transaction Method

The transaction method is used to estimate the Company’s EV by applying market related pricing ratios of recent comparable M&A transactions to the financial performance of MPW. Similar to the guideline company method, exact comparability is not required under this method of valuation. This analysis is highlighted below and presented in Exhibit E. Exhibit F presents a list of other comparable M&A transactions that did not provide sufficient financial disclosure to be included in the analysis below.

We were able to find over 20 transactions that have taken place in the recent past with sufficient financial disclosure

Transaction Method - Summary of Indicated Multiples

 

                   Indicated
Multiples
   

Close Date

  

Target

  

Target Description

   EV /
Revenue
   EV /
EBIT

1

  1/27/2006    IP Cleaning SpA    Manufactures pumps and industrial cleaning equipment    0.90x    n/a

2

  1/6/2006    PSC Industrial Services Canada, Inc.    Provides waste management, treatment disposal, and related services    1.47x    5.9x

3

  12/29/2005    Brambles Industrial Services Northern Hemisphere    Provides outsourced services to the steel industry    0.65x    n/a

4

  11/7/2005    Brandywine Building Services, Inc.    Provides contract maintenance services, such as industrial cleaning and construction/specialty cleaning    0.66x    n/a

5

  5/16/2005    Sira Business Services PLC    Provides janitorial cleaning services    0.31x    7.8x

6

  5/15/2005    Penauilles Polyservices    Provides ground handling and airport support services, including general cleaning services    0.34x    16.0x

7

  5/10/2005    ISS International Service System AS    Provides facility services, including cleaning, maintenance, and other services for various customer segments    0.75x    23.9x

8

  4/1/2005    Veridium Corp.    Provides various waste management services to industrial organizations, including on-site industrial cleaning    1.15x    nmf

9

  12/30/2004    CTP Thermique    Manufactures industrial equipment and provides installation, maintenance, repair, and cleaning services    0.12x    n/a

10

  11/8/2004    Minuteman International, Inc.    Manufactures and distributes industrial cleaning equipment    0.75x    16.6x

11

  12/5/2003    Environmental Recovery Services, Ltd.    Supplies part cleaning services to the automotive industry and provides recycling services for industrial solvents    0.90x    nmf

12

  3/7/2003    Hake Group, Inc.    Provides industrial contracting services to the petroleum, chemical, and manufacturing industries    0.29x    n/a

13

  7/12/2002    Lakeside Building Maintenance, Inc.    Provides janitorial contract services    0.37x    7.9x

 

LOGO

  29   LOGO


Transaction Method (Continued)

Our selected multiples range is reasonable given MPW’s larger size, but lower profitability when compared to the transaction targets

Transaction Method - Summary of Indicated Multiples (Continued)

 

                   Indicated
Multiples
   

Close Date

  

Target

  

Target Description

   EV /
Revenue
   EV /
EBIT

14

  2/20/2002    Sevenson Environmental Services, Inc.    Provides field services for the remediation of sites and facilities, including industrial cleaning to operating plants and refineries    0.80x    7.4x

15

  4/30/2001    Easterday Janitorial Supply Company    Manufactures and markets industrial cleaning products    0.30x    n/a

16

  9/7/2000    Diversified Scientific Services, Inc.    Provides mixed disposal waste services    0.84x    3.3x

17

  8/21/2000    Canisco Resources, Inc.    Provides services supporting operations and facility maintenance for the power generation, pulp and paper, general industrial, and petrochemical markets    0.29x    18.8x

18

  6/5/2000    Compass Cleaning Ltd.    Provides industrial cleaning services    1.44x    nmf

19

  4/7/2000    Klinos Sa    Provides cleaning services    1.36x    nmf

20

  3/23/2000    Befesa Medio Ambiente SA    Provides various services, such as recycling, industrial residues management, industrial cleaning, and environmental engineering    1.38x    11.8x

21

  12/8/1999    Kirk & Blum Manufacturing Co.    Manufactures, designs, and installs clean air systems inside manufacturing plants    0.41x    7.3x

22

  6/3/1999    Chemical Conservation    Collects, treats, and recycles industrial and hazardous waste materials    0.57x    14.8x
  Analysis of Multiples      

23

 

Maximum

      1.47x    23.9x

24

 

Upper Quartile

      0.90x    16.1x

25

 

Median

      0.70x    9.9x

26

 

Lower Quartile

      0.35x    7.4x

27

 

Minimum

      0.12x    3.3x

28

 

Upper Bound

      0.55x    13.0x

29

 

Lower Bound

      0.45x    11.0x

Notes:

n/a = Not Available

nmf = Not Meaningful

 

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  30   LOGO


Transaction Method (Continued)

Applying the selected transaction multiples to the financial fundamentals of the Company yields a range of indications of EV, as presented in the following table:

 

Measure of Performance

   MPW
LTM
Results
       

Range

of Multiples

        Range of EV  

Revenue

   $ 100,686    ×    0.45x    to    0.55x    =    $ 45,309     to    $ 55,377  

EBIT

     3,582    ×    11.0x    to    13.0x    =      39,397     to      46,560  
                                     
         Median         42,353          50,969  
         Coefficient of Variation         9.2 %        11.3 %
         Suggested EVs       $ 42,000     to    $ 51,000  
                                     

 

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F. Valuation Conclusions

The indicated EVs for the four methodologies range from a low of $34 million to a high of $51 million. The indicated EVs as a multiple of sales and EBIT ranged from 0.34x to 0.51x and 9.5x to 14.2x, respectively. The offer price of $2.55 per share translates into an EV of approximately $43.5 million.

Indicated Range of Enterprise Value by Methodology

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  32   LOGO


Preliminary Indication of Value (Continued)

The indicated value per share ranges from $2.14 to $2.95 with a point estimate of $2.55

Indicated Range of Value per Share ($ in Thousands)

 

     Low     Point     High  

Guideline Company Method

   $ 41,000     $ 45,000     $ 49,000  

Transaction Method

     42,000       46,500       51,000  

Discounted Cash Flow Method

     34,200       39,100       46,100  

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

     40,400       42,400       44,400  
                        

Average

     39,400       43,250       47,625  

Enterprise Value Range

   $ 39,000     $ 43,500     $ 48,000  

Less: Interest-Bearing Debt

     (17,633 )     (17,633 )     (17,633 )

Plus: Cash

     1,114       1,114       1,114  

Plus: Option Proceeds

     696       1,162       1,162  

Plus: Proceeds from Potential Pentagon Sale

     600       600       600  
                        

Indicated Value of Equity

     23,777       28,743       33,243  

Divide By: Fully Diluted Shares Oustanding

     11,091       11,280       11,280  
                        

Indicated Value Per Share

   $ 2.14     $ 2.55     $ 2.95  
                        

 

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  33   LOGO


G. Other Considerations

 

    Management forecasts improved cash flows as a private company (“Synergy”). The following chart details our indicated values by methodology on an unadjusted and improved cash flow basis.

LOGO

 

    Subsequent to the Transaction, the surviving company may elect to change its tax status to a pass-through entity.

 

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   34    LOGO


Other Considerations (Continued)

The private company savings results in higher per share values

Indicated Range of Value per Share on a Synergistic Basis* ($ in Thousands)

 

      Low     Point     High  

Guideline Company Method (Including Synergies)

   $ 46,200     $ 51,050     $ 55,900  

Transaction Method

     42,000       46,500       51,000  

Discounted Cash Flow Method (Including Synergies)

     39,400       46,200       53,000  

Leveraged Buyout Analysis

     40,400       42,400       44,400  
                        

Average

     42,000       46,538       51,075  

Enterprise Value Range on a Synergistic Basis

   $ 42,000     $ 46,500     $ 51,000  

Less: Interest-Bearing Debt

     (17,633 )     (17,633 )     (17,633 )

Plus: Cash

     1,114       1,114       1,114  

Plus: Option Proceeds

     746       1,162       1,162  

Plus: Estimated Value of Ownership in Pentagon

     600       600       600  
                        

Indicated Value of Equity on a Synergistic Basis

     26,827       31,743       36,243  

Divide By: Fully Diluted Shares Outstanding

     11,113       11,280       11,280  
                        

Indicated Value Per Share on a Synergistic Basis

   $ 2.41     $ 2.81     $ 3.21  
                        

 

* Synergies include private company savings, such as the add back of Sarbanes Oxley expenses

 

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IV. Premiums Paid Analysis

 

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   36    LOGO


IV. PREMIUMS PAID ANALYSIS

 

A. All Merger and Acquisition Transactions

Median premiums offered and the number of M&A transactions trended downward from 2000 through 2004, before rebounding in 2005

% Premium Offered 1995 to Year-To-Date 2006

 

Year

   Average Premium     Median Premium     Number of Transactions

1995

   44.7 %   29.2 %   324

1996

   36.6 %   27.3 %   381

1997

   35.7 %   27.5 %   487

1998

   40.7 %   30.1 %   512

1999

   43.3 %   34.6 %   723

2000

   49.2 %   41.1 %   574

2001

   57.2 %   40.5 %   439

2002

   59.7 %   34.4 %   326

2003

   62.3 %   31.6 %   371

2004

   30.7 %   23.4 %   322

2005

   34.5 %   24.5 %   392

2006*

   29.3 %   19.0 %   180

 

Source: FactSet Mergerstat, LLC 2006 Mergerstat Review

 

* Year-to-date 2006 information is from Mergerstat on-line, and may not incorporate any adjustments made in the Mergerstat Review publication.

 

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All Merger and Acquisition Transactions (Continued)

Average premiums offered for minority interests have historically been comparatively lower than average premiums offered for controlling interests

Average Premium Offered: Controlling vs. Minority Interest

 

      Controlling    Minority

Year

   Average Premium     Number of Transactions    Average Premium     Number of Transactions

2000

   49.1 %   560    53.8 %*   14

2001

   58.0 %   422    35.2 %   16

2002

   59.8 %   315    39.9 %   11

2003

   63.0 %   365    21.1 %   6

2004

   30.9 %   309    27.2 %   13

2005

   33.6 %   371    17.6 %   21

 

* Includes the acquisition of a 19.5% stake in ATEC Group for $7 per share which yielded a 5-day premium of 329.4%. Excluding this premium, the average premium offered for a minority interest was 32.6%.

 

Source: FactSet Mergerstat, LLC 2006 Mergerstat Review

 

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All Merger and Acquisition Transactions (Continued)

Median Premium Offered: Comparison by Dollar Value of Transaction

 

     2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005

Purchase Price

  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions

$25.0 Million or less

  42.9 %   89   56.3 %   113   49.4 %   114   43.6 %   87   21.4 %   52   43.4 %   45

Over $25.0 through $50.0 Million

  38.0 %   72   45.0 %   57   44.0 %   42   39.5 %   52   35.5 %   38   31.7 %   51

Over $50.0 through $99.9 Million

  41.5 %   69   44.2 %   64   36.3 %   52   32.6 %   63   24.5 %   38   25.0 %   41

$100.0 Million or more

  41.4 %   344   33.7 %   204   26.7 %   118   25.0 %   169   21.3 %   194   21.2 %   255

 

Source: FactSet Mergerstat, LLC 2006 Mergerstat Review

Median premiums offered have historically exhibited an inverse relationship with transaction size…

Median Premium Offered: Low Priced Stocks vs. High Priced Stocks

 

     2000   2001   2002   2003   2004   2005

Seller’s Per-Share Market
Price Five Days Before
Announcement

  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions
  Median
Premium
    Number of
Transactions

$10.00 and under

  48.8 %   256   51.5 %   249   44.4 %   201   39.4 %   210   28.7 %   127   27.6 %   162

Over $10.00 through $25.00

  38.8 %   211   35.7 %   138   31.0 %   85   21.7 %   106   26.3 %   117   22.4 %   124

Over $25.00 through $50.00

  36.6 %   71   28.4 %   42   17.3 %   33   24.8 %   45   17.3 %   63   19.8 %   83

$50.00 or more

  32.4 %   36   9.0 %   10   25.6 %   7   38.6 %   11   10.6 %   15   14.3 %   23

 

Source: FactSet Mergerstat, LLC 2006 Mergerstat Review

…similarly, median premiums offered have historically exhibited an inverse relationship with stock price

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   39    LOGO


B. All Going-Private Transactions

The number of going-private transactions has generally increased over the past ten years

% Premium and P/E Ratio Offered in Going-Private Transactions, 1995 to 2005

 

      Number of
Transactions
   Premium Offered     P/E Ratio Offered

Year

      Average     Median     Average    Median

1995

   10    29.8 %   19.2 %   30.8    17.2

1996

   16    34.8 %   26.2 %   28.9    23.1

1997

   35    30.4 %   24.5 %   23.6    19.9

1998

   70    29.1 %   20.4 %   20.2    17.7

1999

   74    38.0 %   32.7 %   22.3    16.9

2000

   77    41.9 %   38.7 %   16.2    12.5

2001

   77    67.6 %   52.2 %   22.7    12.1

2002

   70    86.4 %   40.0 %   26.2    18.0

2003

   124    129.7 %*   41.5 %   21.3    16.5

2004

   98    28.9 %   17.2 %   26.1    18.4

2005

   142    35.1 %   22.5 %   24.9    22.7

 

* Includes the acquisition of CLC Healthcare Inc. for $1 per share which yielded a 5 day premium of 4,900%. Excluding this premium, the average premium offered for going private transactions was 60.5%.

Source: FactSet Mergerstat, LLC 2006 Mergerstat Review

 

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  40   LOGO


C. Select Going-Private Transactions

Stout Risius Ross, Inc. reviewed 77 recent going-private transactions involving the acquisition of a minority interest from the public domain by investors who, either individually or collectively, owned a controlling interest in the target company prior to the transaction (see Exhibit G for a full list of the transactions we reviewed). The pre-acquisition market capitalizations of the target companies ranged from $190,000 to $17.5 billion, with a median of $15.7 million. Further, the median observed premium in the selected transactions was 25% to 35% (based on the pre-announcement period). Summary data of the 77 transactions is provided in the table below and in the tables on the following pages.

Summary of Premium Offered Analysis: Select Going-Private Transactions

 

Number of Transactions

     77  

Median Deal Size ($ in millions)

   $ 5.4  

Median Market Cap ( $ in millions)

   $ 15.7  

Median Premium Offered - 1 Day

     25.0 %

Median Premium Offered - 5 Day

     30.0 %

Median Premium Offered - 30 Day

     34.6 %

 

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  41   LOGO


Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

Premium Offered Analysis: Select Going-Private Transactions by Market Capitalization

 

     Market Capitalization < $15.0 Million     Market Capitalization > $15.0 Million  
      1 Day
Premium
    5 Day
Premium
    30 Day
Premium
    1 Day
Premium
    5 Day
Premium
    30 Day
Premium
 

Number of Transactions

   36         39      

Lower Quartile

   11.1 %   9.4 %   11.9 %   13.0 %   12.5 %   13.8 %

Median

   30.5 %   34.8 %   40.8 %   21.2 %   29.3 %   29.3 %

Mean

   54.9 %   63.3 %   52.0 %   27.3 %   31.7 %   41.4 %

Upper Quartile

   100.4 %   85.3 %   79.3 %   41.7 %   43.0 %   48.0 %

Source: FactSet Research Systems Inc.’s Mergerstat Database and Capital IQ, Inc.

The select going-private transactions suggest that there is an inverse relationship between premiums offered and transaction size, which is consistent with the M&A transaction data previously presented in this section

 

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  42   LOGO


Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

Premium Offered Analysis: Select Going-Private Transactions by Announcement Date

 

     5-Yr Period (since Jan ‘01)     3-Yr Period (since Jan ‘03)     1-Yr Period (since Jan ‘05)  
     1 Day
Premium
    5 Day
Premium
    30 Day
Premium
    1 Day
Premium
    5 Day
Premium
    30 Day
Premium
    1 Day
Premium
    5 Day
Premium
    30 Day
Premium
 

Number of Transactions

   77         41         10      

Lower Quartile

   12.9 %   12.3 %   12.6 %   11.1 %   8.7 %   12.6 %   -36.8 %   -25.9 %   -35.2 %

Median

   25.0 %   30.0 %   34.6 %   18.6 %   21.1 %   25.0 %   6.4 %   7.1 %   10.5 %

Mean

   40.6 %   46.5 %   47.4 %   32.6 %   37.5 %   42.1 %   7.1 %   23.2 %   34.5 %

Upper Quartile

   63.3 %   63.3 %   63.6 %   38.5 %   63.9 %   63.6 %   14.8 %   31.4 %   45.1 %

Source: FactSet Research Systems Inc.’s Mergerstat Database and Capital IQ, Inc.

The select going-private transactions suggest that there has been a downward trend in the premium offered over the past several years.

LOGO

 

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  43   LOGO


V. Conclusions

 

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  44   LOGO


V. CONCLUSIONS

 

A. Analysis of Offer Price

Implied Valuation Multiples

 

Calculation of Implied Equity Value

  

Fully-Diluted Shares Outstanding

     11,280,207  

Offer Price

   $ 2.55  
        

Implied Equity Value Before Option Proceeds

     28,764,528  

Less: Assumed Option Proceeds Upon Exercise

     (1,161,520 )
        

Implied Equity Value

     27,603,008  

Adjustments to Arrive at Implied EV

  

Plus: Interest-Bearing Debt

     17,633,000  

Less: Cash

     (1,114,000 )

Less: Proceeds from Potential Pentagon Sale

     (600,000 )
        

Implied Enterprise Value

   $ 43,522,008  
        

Historical and Projected Operating Results

  

LTM Adjusted EBIT

   $ 3,581,527  

FY 2006E EBIT

     3,587,600  

LTM Revenue

     100,685,557  

FY 2006E Revenue

     102,114,000  

Implied Valuation Multiples

  

EV / LTM Adjusted EBIT

     12.2x  

EV / FY 2006E EBIT

     12.1x  

EV / LTM Revenue

     0.43x  

EV / FY 2006E Revenue

     0.43x  

 

LOGO

  45   LOGO


Analysis of Offer Price (Continued)

The premiums to the 1-day stock price and 30-day stock price are 11% and 30%, respectively

Premium Analysis

 

     MPW
Price
   %
Premium
 

Premium to:

     

Offer Price

   $ 2.55    n/a  

1-Day Price (4/4/06)

     2.30    10.9 %

5-Day Price (3/29/06)

     2.22    14.9 %

30-Day Price (2/22/06)

     2.01    26.9 %

1-Year Average

     2.04    24.8 %

1-Year Median

     1.99    28.1 %

1-Year High

     2.87    -11.1 %

1-Year Low

     1.70    50.0 %

 

B. Conclusion as to Fairness

Based upon the analysis presented herein, the proposed Transaction at a price of $2.55 per share is fair, from a financial point of view, to the Company’s shareholders other than the Purchaser.

 

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  46   LOGO


EXHIBIT A

MPW Historical Financial Statements

 

LOGO

      LOGO


A-1 Reported Balance Sheets

 

          As Of
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005     12/31/2005
   Assets           
  

Current Assets

          
1   

Cash

   $ 164     $ 2,726     $ 2,237     $ 744     $ 1,114
2   

Accounts Receivable, Net

     16,219       17,201       14,866       16,723       19,121
3   

Inventories

     2,221       2,294       2,119       2,002       1,844
4   

Deferred Income Taxes

     1,912       1,461       1,679       1,264       1,504
5   

Prepaid Expenses

     776       1,197       1,070       1,066       763
6   

Other Current Assets

     672       16       2       15       0
                                         
7   

Total Current Assets

     21,964       24,895       21,973       21,814       24,346
  

Property and Equipment

          
8   

Land and Buildings

     8,464       9,955       10,654       10,719       n/a
9   

Motor Vehicles and Transportation Equipment

     44,888       48,214       47,809       48,093       n/a
10   

Machinery and Equipment

     24,856       26,236       27,342       27,943       n/a
11   

Leasehold Improvements

     5,071       5,184       5,099       5,195       n/a
12   

Furniture, Fixtures, and Computer Equipment

     3,121       3,291       2,933       2,989       n/a
13   

Construction in Progress

     3,098       2,605       1,127       1,918       n/a
                                         
14   

Gross Property and Equipment

     89,498       95,485       94,964       96,857       n/a
15   

Less: Accumulated Depreciation and Amortization

     (52,022 )     (60,365 )     (64,766 )     (68,665 )     n/a
                                         
16   

Net Property and Equipment

     37,476       35,120       30,198       28,192       29,232
  

Other Assets

          
17   

Goodwill

     9,953       6,044       6,044       5,487       5,487
18   

Other Intangibles, Net

     7,569       6,889       6,284       6,503       6,131
19   

Other Assets

     8,853       122       192       243       474
                                         
20   

Total Other Assets

     26,375       13,055       12,520       12,233       12,092
                                         
21   

Total Assets

   $ 85,815     $ 73,070     $ 64,691     $ 62,239     $ 65,670
                                         

 

LOGO

      LOGO


A-2 Reported Balance Sheets (Continued)

 

          As Of  
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005     12/31/2005  
   Liabilities & Stockholders’ Equity           
  

Current Liabilities

          
22   

Accounts Payable

   $ 4,910     $ 8,218     $ 3,513     $ 3,547     $ 5,144  
23   

Accrued Compensation and Related Taxes

     2,665       2,373       1,902       1,899       2,139  
24   

Current Maturities of Long-Term Debt

     1,382       1,322       1,261       1,234       1,222  
25   

Other Accrued Liabilities

     5,775       6,153       5,608       5,518       6,297  
                                           
26   

Total Current Liabilities

     14,732       18,066       12,284       12,198       14,802  
  

Long-Term Liabilities

          
27   

Long-Term Debt

     25,972       18,892       17,631       16,410       16,411  
28   

Deferred Income Taxes

     5,350       3,400       3,447       1,806       1,363  
29   

Other Long-Term Liabilities

     0       469       0       0       219  
                                           
30   

Total Long-Term Liabilities

     31,322       22,761       21,078       18,216       17,993  
                                           
31   

Total Liabilities

     46,054       40,827       33,362       30,414       32,795  
  

Stockholders’ Equity

          
32   

Common Stock

     109       109       107       107       107  
33   

Additional Paid-In Capital

     41,507       41,507       40,921       40,936       41,047  
34   

Accumulated Deficit

     (1,416 )     (9,027 )     (9,690 )     (9,223 )     (8,356 )
35   

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

     (439 )     (346 )     (9 )     5       77  
                                           
36   

Total Stockholders’ Equity

     39,761       32,243       31,329       31,825       32,875  
                                           
37   

Total Liabilities & Stockholders’ Equity

   $ 85,815     $ 73,070     $ 64,691     $ 62,239     $ 65,670  
                                           

 

LOGO

      LOGO


A-3 Reported Income Statements

 

          For the Fiscal Year Ended     12 Months
Ended
2/28/2006
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005    
1   

Revenue

   $ 90,877     $ 102,821     $ 89,125     $ 93,298     $ 100,686
2   

Cost of Services Sold

     60,549       70,166       64,618       68,815       74,858
                                         
3   

Gross Profit

     30,328       32,655       24,507       24,483       25,828
  

Operating Expenses

          
4   

S,G&A expenses

     14,720       17,446       15,492       15,135       15,343
5   

Depreciation and Amortization

     9,899       10,133       8,781       7,854       7,489
                                         
6   

Total Operating Expenses

     24,619       27,579       24,273       22,989       22,832
                                         
7   

Income from Operations

     5,710       5,076       234       1,494       2,996
8   

Other Income (Expense)

     0       0       0       186       186
                                         
9   

Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

     5,710       5,076       234       1,680       3,182
10   

Interest Expense

     (2,582 )     (1,892 )     (1,129 )     (1,076 )     n/a
                                         
11   

Earnings Before Income Taxes

     3,128       3,184       (895 )     604       n/a
12   

Income Taxes

     (1,172 )     (1,164 )     232       (138 )     n/a
                                         
13   

Net Income

   $ 1,956     $ 2,020     $ (663 )   $ 466       n/a
                                         
14   

Net Capital Expenditures

     7,052       7,411       3,679       5,086       n/a
15   

Depreciation and Amortization

     9,899       10,133       8,781       7,854       7,489
16   

EBIT

     5,710       5,076       234       1,680       3,182
17   

EBITDA

     15,609       15,210       9,015       9,534       10,671

 

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A-4 Reported Income Statements (Common Size)

 

          For the Fiscal Year Ended     12 Months
Ended
2/28/2006
 
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005    
1   

Revenue

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %
2   

Cost of Services Sold

   66.6 %   68.2 %   72.5 %   73.8 %   74.3 %
                                 
3   

Gross Profit

   33.4 %   31.8 %   27.5 %   26.2 %   25.7 %
  

Operating Expenses

          
4   

S,G&A expenses

   16.2 %   17.0 %   17.4 %   16.2 %   15.2 %
5   

Depreciation and Amortization

   10.9 %   9.9 %   9.9 %   8.4 %   7.4 %
                                 
6   

Total Operating Expenses

   27.1 %   26.8 %   27.2 %   24.6 %   22.7 %
                                 
7   

Income from Operations

   6.3 %   4.9 %   0.3 %   1.6 %   3.0 %
8   

Other Income (Expense)

   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.2 %   0.2 %
                                 
9   

Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

   6.3 %   4.9 %   0.3 %   1.8 %   3.2 %
10   

Interest Expense

   -2.8 %   -1.8 %   -1.3 %   -1.2 %   n/a  
                                 
11   

Earnings Before Income Taxes

   3.4 %   3.1 %   -1.0 %   0.6 %   n/a  
12   

Income Taxes

   -1.3 %   -1.1 %   0.3 %   -0.1 %   n/a  
                                 
13   

Net Income

   2.2 %   2.0 %   -0.7 %   0.5 %   n/a  
                                 
14   

Net Capital Expenditures

   7.8 %   7.2 %   4.1 %   5.5 %   n/a  
15   

Depreciation and Amortization

   10.9 %   9.9 %   9.9 %   8.4 %   7.4 %
16   

EBIT

   6.3 %   4.9 %   0.3 %   1.8 %   3.2 %
17   

EBITDA

   17.2 %   14.8 %   10.1 %   10.2 %   10.6 %

 

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A-5 Adjustments to Reported Income Statements

 

          For the Fiscal Year Ended     12 Months
Ended
2/28/2006
 
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005    
  

Revenue

          

1a

  

Revenue - GM Audit

   $ 0     $ 0     $ 312     $ 0     $ 0  

1b

  

Revenue - GM Oklahoma

     0       (7,000 )     0       0       0  
                                           
  

Total Adjustment to Revenue

     0       (7,000 )     312       0       0  
                                           
  

Cost of Services Sold

          

2a

  

Workers’ Comp Adjustments

     0       (450 )     (525 )     (500 )     (560 )

2b

  

Inventory Adjustments

     0       0       0       (291 )     (291 )

2c

  

GM Oklahoma

     0       (4,200 )     0       0       0  

2d

  

Other Cost of Goods Sold Adjustments

     0       (317 )     0       0       (352 )
                                           
  

Total Adjustment to Cost of Services Sold

     0       (4,967 )     (525 )     (791 )     (1,203 )
                                           
  

Operating Expenses

          

4a

  

Customer Bankrupties

     0       (1,415 )     (1,119 )     0       0  

4b

  

Other S,G&A Adjustments

     0       (2 )     656       125       617  

5a

  

Depreciation and Amortization

     (1,842 )     (443 )     0       0       0  
                                           
  

Total Adjustment to Operating Expenses

     (1,842 )     (1,860 )     (463 )     125       617  
                                           
  

Other Income (Expense)

          

8a

  

Other Income (Expense) Adjustment

     0       0       0       (186 )     (186 )
                                           
  

Total Adjustment to Other Income (Expense)

     0       0       0       (186 )     (186 )
                                           

12a

  

Income Taxes

     (816 )     (41 )     (394 )     (296 )     n/a  
                                           
  

Net Adjustment to:

          
  

Net Income

     1,026       (214 )     906       184       n/a  
  

EBIT

     1,842       (173 )     1,300       480       400  
  

EBITDA

     0       (616 )     1,300       480       400  

 

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A-6 Adjusted Income Statements

 

          For the Fiscal Year Ended    

12 Months
Ended

2/28/2006

          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005    

1

  

Revenue

   $ 90,877     $ 95,821     $ 89,437     $ 93,298     $ 100,686

2

  

Cost of Services Sold

     60,549       65,199       64,093       68,024       73,655
                                         

3

  

Gross Profit

     30,328       30,622       25,344       25,274       27,031
  

Operating Expenses

          

4

  

S,G&A expenses

     14,720       16,029       15,029       15,260       15,960

5

  

Depreciation and Amortization

     8,057       9,690       8,781       7,854       7,489
                                         

6

  

Total Operating Expenses

     22,777       25,719       23,810       23,114       23,449
                                         

7

  

Income from Operations

     7,552       4,903       1,534       2,160       3,582

8

  

Other Income (Expense)

     0       0       0       0       0
                                         

9

  

Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

     7,552       4,903       1,534       2,160       3,582

10

  

Interest Expense

     (2,582 )     (1,892 )     (1,129 )     (1,076 )     n/a
                                         

11

  

Earnings Before Income Taxes

     4,970       3,011       405       1,084       n/a

12

  

Income Taxes

     (1,988 )     (1,205 )     (162 )     (434 )     n/a
                                         

13

  

Net Income

   $ 2,982     $ 1,807     $ 243     $ 651       n/a
                                         

14

  

Net Capital Expenditures

     7,052       7,411       3,679       5,086       n/a

15

  

Depreciation and Amortization

     8,057       9,690       8,781       7,854       7,489

16

  

EBIT

     7,552       4,903       1,534       2,160       3,582

17

  

EBITDA

     15,609       14,594       10,315       10,014       11,071

 

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A-7 Adjusted Income Statements (Common Size)

 

          For the Fiscal Year Ended    

12 Months
Ended

2/28/2006

 
          6/30/2002     6/30/2003     6/30/2004     6/30/2005    

1

  

Revenue

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

2

  

Cost of Services Sold

   66.6 %   68.0 %   71.7 %   72.9 %   73.2 %
                                 

3

  

Gross Profit

   33.4 %   32.0 %   28.3 %   27.1 %   26.8 %
  

Operating Expenses

          

4

  

S,G&A expenses

   16.2 %   16.7 %   16.8 %   16.4 %   15.9 %

5

  

Depreciation and Amortization

   8.9 %   10.1 %   9.8 %   8.4 %   7.4 %
                                 

6

  

Total Operating Expenses

   25.1 %   26.8 %   26.6 %   24.8 %   23.3 %
                                 

7

  

Income from Operations

   8.3 %   5.1 %   1.7 %   2.3 %   3.6 %

8

  

Other Income (Expense)

   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %   0.0 %
                                 

9

  

Earnings Before Interest and Taxes

   8.3 %   5.1 %   1.7 %   2.3 %   3.6 %

10

  

Interest Expense

   -2.8 %   -2.0 %   -1.3 %   -1.2 %   n/a  
                                 

11

  

Earnings Before Income Taxes

   5.5 %   3.1 %   0.5 %   1.2 %   n/a  

12

  

Income Taxes

   -2.2 %   -1.3 %   -0.2 %   -0.5 %   n/a  
                                 

13

  

Net Income

   3.3 %   1.9 %   0.3 %   0.7 %   n/a  
                                 

14

  

Net Capital Expenditures

   7.8 %   7.7 %   4.1 %   5.5 %   n/a  

15

  

Depreciation and Amortization

   8.9 %   10.1 %   9.8 %   8.4 %   7.4 %

16

  

EBIT

   8.3 %   5.1 %   1.7 %   2.3 %   3.6 %

17

  

EBITDA

   17.2 %   15.2 %   11.5 %   10.7 %   11.0 %

 

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EXHIBIT B

Weighted Average Cost of Capital

 

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B-1 Weighted Average Cost of Capital

Cost of Equity

Modified Capital Asset Pricing Model

 

1   Risk-Free Rate of Return      4.9 1
2   Market/Equity Risk Premium    6.1 2  
3   Selected Equity Beta    x 0.90     5.5 %
          
4   Small Stock Risk Premium      6.4 2
  Additional Risk Premia     
5   Additional Size Risk Premium      1.0 %
6  

Company-Specific Risk Premium

     2.0 %
          
7  

Cost of Equity - CAPM

     19.8 %

Center for Research in Security Prices

 

8   Risk-Free Rate of Return      4.9 1
9   Equity / Size Risk Premium (Based on Equity)    13.1 %  
10   Equity / Size Risk Premium (Based on EBITDA)    13.0 %  
11   Equity / Size Risk Premium (Based on Sales)    12.4 %  
          
12   Average Equity / Size Risk Premium      12.8 3
  Additional Risk Premia     
13   Industry Risk Premium      -1.5 %
14   Company-Specific Risk Premium      2.0 %
15  

Cost of Equity - CRSP

     18.2 %

 

16   

Selected Cost of Equity (Average)

   19.0 %

Cost of Debt

 

17   Baa Corporate Bond Rate      6.4 1
18   Less: Income Tax Factor    40.0 %   -2.6 %
          
19  

Cost of Debt

     3.8 %

Weighted Average Cost of Capital

 

         Weight  
20   Percentage of Capital Structure Comprised of Equity    66.7 %
21   Percentage of Capital Structure Comprised of Debt    33.3 %
        
22   Weighted Average Cost of Capital    13.9 %
23  

Weighted Average Cost of Capital (Rounded)

   14.0 %

Footnotes


1 20-year Treasury Bond and Baa Corporate Bond as of the Valuation Date.

 

2 Ibbotson Associates, Inc., Stocks, Bonds, Bills and Inflation: 2005 Yearbook , (Chicago: Ibbotson Associates, Inc., 2005).

Roger Grabowski and David King, “Equity Risk Premium,” Valuation Strategies , (September/October 2003).

Roger Ibbotson and Peng Chen, “Stock Market Returns in the Long Run: Participating in the Real Economy,” Yale International Center for Finance, March 2002.

 

3 Risk Premium Report 2005, Standard & Poor’s Corporate Value Consulting (Roger Grabowski, ASA and David King, CFA).

 

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B-2 Capital Structure and Beta Analysis

 

    

Company or SIC Code

Guideline Companies

        Debt/Capital     Debt/Equity     Beta (L)     Beta (U) 1    Beta (RL) 2
1   

ABM Industries Inc.

      0.0 %   0.0 %   0.89     0.89    1.16
2   

American Ecology Corp.

      0.0 %   0.0 %   0.92     0.92    1.20
3   

Brambles Industries Ltd.

      14.4 %   16.8 %   1.12     1.02    1.32
4   

CECO Environmental Corp.

      15.3 %   18.1 %   0.36     0.32    0.42
5   

Clean Harbors Inc.

      23.8 %   31.3 %   1.01     0.85    1.11
6   

Flow International Corp.

      5.6 %   6.0 %   0.67     0.65    0.84
7   

Impel SA

      3.0 %   3.1 %   0.62     0.61    0.79
8   

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

      11.8 %   13.3 %   0.69     0.64    0.83
9   

Matrix Service Co.

      16.9 %   20.3 %   0.90     0.80    1.04
10   

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

      61.1 %   157.3 %   (0.48 )   NA    NA
11   

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

      17.8 %   21.6 %   0.63     0.56    0.73
12   

PDG Environmental Inc.

      19.1 %   23.6 %   0.87     0.76    0.99
13   

Average

      15.7 %   25.9 %   0.68     0.73    0.95
14   

Median

      14.9 %   17.5 %   0.78     0.70    0.92
15   

MPW

      46.6 %   87.2 %   0.48     0.32    0.41
   Ibbotson’s Cost of Capital Quarterly (2005)               
  

SIC Code 17 (Construction-Special Trade Contractors)

              
16   

Median Latest

      25.5 %   34.2 %   NA     0.63    0.82
17   

Median 5-Yr. Average

      33.3 %   50.0 %   NA     0.63    0.82
18   

Concluded Value

   %Debt =    33.3 %       Beta =    0.90

 

1           

Unlevered Beta =

   Initial “Unadjusted” Beta / (1+D/E*(1-T))
  

Where:

   D = Debt plus Preferred Stock of Comparable Company.
      E = Market Value of Equity of Comparable Company.T = Tax Rate = 40.0%
      T = Tax Rate = 40.0%
2   

Relevered Beta =

  

(UnleveredBeta)*(1+(Target D/E)(1-T))

  

Where: Target D/E

  

=       50.0%

 

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EXHIBIT C

Guideline Company Tearsheets

 

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C-1 Guideline Company Tearsheets

Company Info

 

Name:

  

ABM Industries Inc.

Industry:

  

Environmental and Facilities Services

Stock Price as of 3/17/06:

  

$17.20

Description:

ABM Industries Inc. provides janitorial, parking, engineering, security, lighting, and mechanical services for commercial, industrial, institutional, and retail facilities in the United States and in British Columbia, Canada. Its janitorial services include floor cleaning and finishing, window washing, furniture polishing, carpet cleaning, and dusting, as well as other building cleaning services. These services are provided to commercial office buildings, industrial plants, financial institutions, retail stores, shopping centers, warehouses, airport terminals, health and educational facilities, stadiums and arenas, and government buildings. The company also provides facilities with on-site engineers to operate and maintain mechanical, electrical, and plumbing systems utilizing in-part computerized maintenance management systems.

LOGO

Company Info

 

Name:

  

American Ecology Corp.

Industry:

  

Environmental and Facilities Services

Stock Price as of 3/17/06:

  

$20.19

Description:

American Ecology Corp. provides radioactive, hazardous, and industrial waste management services in the United States. The company operates in two segments: Operating Disposal Facilities and Non-Operating Disposal Facilities. The Operating Disposal Facilities accepts hazardous and low-level radioactive waste, and naturally occurring and accelerator produced radioactive materials. The Non-Operating Disposal Facilities segment operates a closed hazardous waste processing and deep-well injection facility, two formerly proposed new disposal facilities, and nonoperating disposal facilities. The company provides its services to commercial and government entities, such as nuclear power plants, medical and academic institutions, steel mills, refineries, and chemical manufacturing plants.

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C-2 Guideline Company Tearsheets (Continued)

Company Info

 

Name:    Brambles Industries Ltd.
Industry:    Diversified Commercial and Professional Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $7.60

Description:

Brambles operates as a global support services group with operations in 50 countries across six continents. The company’s Commonwealth Handling Equipment Pool segment issues, collects, repairs, and reissues pallets and plastic containers from a global network of service centers. These pallets and plastic containers are used to transport products from manufacturers and growers to distributors and retailers. The company’s Waste Management segment provides a range of general, industrial, and hazardous waste management and recycling services to municipal, commercial, and industrial customers, while its BIS segment provides a range of support services to heavy industries, including site services, materials handling, logistics, industrial cleaning, and maintenance in Australia, Europe, and North America.

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Company Info

 

Name:    CECO Environmental Corp.
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $9.13

Description:

CECO provides industrial ventilation and pollution control products and services. It engages in designing, building, and installing systems that remove airborne contaminants from industrial facilities, as well as equipment that controls emissions from such facilities. The company also provides various services, including industrial ventilation contracting; environmental maintenance, monitoring, and management services; industrial ventilation consulting and source emission testing; and contract fabrication. CECO markets its products and services to the steel, military, aluminum, automotive, aerospace, semiconductor, chemical, cement, metalworking, glass, and foundry industries through own direct workforce and outside sales representatives in the U.S., Mexico, Canada, Asia, Europe, and South America.

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C-3 Guideline Company Tearsheets (Continued)

Company Info

 

Name:    Clean Harbors Inc.
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $31.73

Description:

Clean Harbors provides environmental and hazardous waste management services in the U.S., Puerto Rico, Mexico, and Canada. The company’s Technical Services segment collects, transports, treats, and disposes hazardous and nonhazardous wastes; and offers physical treatment, resource recovery, fuels blending, incineration, landfill disposal, wastewater treatment, lab chemical disposal, and explosives management services. The company’s Site Services segment provides confined space entry for tank cleaning, site decontamination, remediation projects, demolition, spill cleanup, railcar cleaning, product recovery and transfer, scarifying and media-blasting, and vacuum services, as well as used oil and oil products recycling, and polychlorinated biphenyls management and disposal services.

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Company Info

 

Name:    Flow International Corp.
Industry:    Industrial Machinery
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $12.75

Description:

Flow International Corporation engages in the design, development, manufacture, marketing, installation, and service of ultrahigh-pressure (“UHP”) water pumps and UHP water management systems. Its UHP water pumps pressurize water from 40,000 pounds to approximately 100,000 pounds per square inch. These are integrated with water delivery systems so that water can be used to cut or clean material, or pressurize food. The company’s products include waterjet cutting and cleaning systems, as well as certain food processing technology. In addition, Flow provides non-UHP automation and articulation systems, primarily to the automotive industry; and isostatic and flexform press systems, which produce and strengthen advanced materials for the aerospace, automotive, and medical industries.

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C-4 Guideline Company Tearsheets (Continued)

Company Info

 

Name:    Impel SA
Industry:    Diversified Commercial and Professional Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $5.05

Description:

Impel SA provides outsourcing services for enterprises in Poland. It offers a range of services, including cleaning services; security; catering; facility management; human resources services; medical services for companies; health care; clothing hiring and service; clothing production; mobile; industrial cleaning; and disinsectization, disinfection, and deratization services.

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Company Info

 

Name:    Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $19.45

Description:

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj engages in environmental management, and property and plant maintenance in Finland. Its activities are segmented into three divisions: Environmental Services, Property Maintenance, and Industrial Services. Environmental Services involves the collection and transportation of waste, and its processing into secondary raw material for sale. Property Services offers property maintenance services, focusing on residential buildings, business property, industrial plants, and other buildings. Industrial Services provides heavy-duty cleaning, maintenance, and damage repair services for offices and business property, industrial plants, shops and supermarkets, schools, and public buildings. The company’s primary customers are industrial plants and other types of property.

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C-5 Guideline Company Tearsheets (Continued)

Company Info

 

Name:    Matrix Service Co.
Industry:    Oil and Gas Equipment and Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $11.00

Description:

Matrix provides construction and repair and maintenance services in the U.S. and Canada. The company’s Construction Services segment provides turnkey and specialty construction services, including civil/structural, mechanical, piping, electrical and instrumentation; millwrighting, steel fabrication and erection; heavy hauling and rigging; and boiler work, as well as engineering, fabrication, and construction of aboveground storage tanks. Its Repair and Maintenance Services segment provides plant maintenance, plant turnaround services, plant outages, industrial cleaning, and aboveground storage tank repair/maintenance. Matrix offers its services to downstream petroleum and power industries, as well as to liquefied natural gas, wastewater, food and beverage, and pulp and paper industries.

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Company Info

 

Name:    Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $0.36

Description:

Op-Tech provides environmental and industrial cleaning and decontamination services in the U.S. The company provides transportation of bulk and containerized hazardous and nonhazardous wastes from customer sites. It also provides liquid tank truck transports equipped with vacuum pumps. Other services include asbestos abatement; interior demolition services; structural dismantling services; onsite industrial cleaning and waste management services for the handling, processing, and disposal of hazardous wastes that are performed by vacuuming, soda blasting, hydroblasting, dredging, dewatering and sludge processing, sludge pumping, chemical cleaning, and tank cleaning; excavation and soil blending services; and hydrogeological services.

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C-6 Guideline Company Tearsheets (Continued)

Company Info

 

Name:    Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $1.70

Description:

Perma-Fix operates as a waste management company in the U.S. The company’s Industrial Waste Management Services segment engages in onsite and off-site treatment, storage, disposal, and processing of various by-products and industrial, hazardous, and nonhazardous wastes, as well as provides emergency response, vacuum services, and marine and industrial maintenance services. Its Nuclear Waste Management Services segment provides treatment, storage, processing, and disposal services of hazardous and low-level radioactive materials and wastes. The company’s Consulting Engineering Services segment provides various environmental-related consulting and engineering services.

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Company Info

 

Name:    PDG Environmental Inc.
Industry:    Environmental and Facilities Services
Stock Price as of 3/17/06    $2.03

Description:

PDG provides environmental and specialty contracting services in the U.S. Its services include asbestos and lead abatement, insulation, microbial remediation, disaster response, loss mitigation and reconstruction, and demolition and related services. The company’s asbestos abatement services include removal and disposal, enclosure, and encapsulation. Its insulation services consist of installation of new thermal insulation, fireproofing, and fire stopping, while its disaster response, loss mitigation, and reconstruction services comprise emergency response, loss mitigation, structural drying, restoration, and reconstruction for buildings and infrastructure. PDG also provides mold remediation services in both commercial and residential structures.

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EXHIBIT D

Select Guideline Company Financial Information

 

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D-1 Select Guideline Company Financial Information

 

Size
(LTM Revenue)
  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   $ 6,426.8

ABM Industries Inc.

     2,588.7

Clean Harbors Inc.

     693.6

Matrix Service Co.

     476.5

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

     445.2

Impel SA

     188.3

Flow International Corp.

     183.3

MPW

     100.7

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

     93.1

CECO Environmental Corp.

     80.2

American Ecology Corp.

     79.4

PDG Environmental Inc.

     71.9

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

     21.8

Guideline Company Median

   $ 185.8

 

Size
(LTM EBITDA)
  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   $ 1,367.1

ABM Industries Inc.

     82.8

Clean Harbors Inc.

     78.4

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

     74.6

American Ecology Corp.

     25.3

Impel SA

     20.5

Flow International Corp.

     20.5

MPW

     12.3

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

     9.9

PDG Environmental Inc.

     5.0

CECO Environmental Corp.

     3.2

Matrix Service Co.

     2.4

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

     1.4

Guideline Company Median

   $ 20.5

 

Growth
(5-Year Revenue CAGR)
  

Clean Harbors Inc.

   31.1 %

Matrix Service Co.

   24.3 %

Impel SA

   23.2 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   19.4 %

American Ecology Corp.

   18.6 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   15.0 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   14.2 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   6.7 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   6.1 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   4.2 %

MPW

   2.8 %

Flow International Corp.

   1.0 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   -3.3 %

Guideline Company Median

   14.6 %

 

Growth
(1-Year Revenue)
  

American Ecology Corp.

   46.6 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   27.3 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   26.4 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   21.3 %

Matrix Service Co.

   17.7 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   15.9 %

Flow International Corp.

   12.2 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   10.6 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   9.6 %

MPW

   4.3 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   3.4 %

Impel SA

   -1.2 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   -2.9 %

Guideline Company Median

   14.1 %

 

Growth
(5-Year EBITDA CAGR)
  

American Ecology Corp.

   36.9 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   29.4 %

Flow International Corp.

   19.9 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   15.1 %

Impel SA

   10.1 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   6.9 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   2.5 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   2.1 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   -0.3 %

MPW

   -8.9 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   -12.1 %

Matrix Service Co.

   -39.4 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   nmf  

Guideline Company Median

   6.9 %

 

Growth
(1-Year EBITDA)
  

Impel SA

   104.1 %

Flow International Corp.

   89.0 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   57.6 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   42.1 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   38.0 %

American Ecology Corp.

   35.5 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   32.5 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   26.5 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   2.2 %

MPW

   -2.9 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   -13.9 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   -24.2 %

Matrix Service Co.

   nmf  

Guideline Company Median

   35.5 %

 

Profitability
(5-Year Average Gross Profit Margin)
  

American Ecology Corp.

   42.6 %

Flow International Corp.

   36.8 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   29.5 %

MPW

   29.5 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   28.7 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   27.7 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   19.2 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   18.1 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   15.0 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   11.8 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   10.0 %

Matrix Service Co.

   8.9 %

Impel SA

   3.4 %

Guideline Company Median

   18.7 %

 

Profitability
(5-Year Average EBITDA Margin)
  

American Ecology Corp.

   29.4 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   22.6 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   19.1 %

MPW

   13.1 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   12.7 %

Impel SA

   11.1 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   9.9 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   7.0 %

Flow International Corp.

   4.8 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   4.4 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   4.3 %

Matrix Service Co.

   3.3 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   3.2 %

Guideline Company Median

   8.4 %

 

* All margins and ratios represent five-year averages based on each guideline company’s lastest twelve month results and its prior four fiscal year ends (except for American Ecology Corp. and Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj whose margins and ratios are based on the latest five actual fiscal year ends); all dollars represent the latest financial information available; all MPW margins and ratios reflect adjusted financial results.

 

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D-2 Select Guideline Company Financial Information (Continued)

 

Profitability
(5-Year Average EBIT Margin)
  

American Ecology Corp.

   18.2 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   12.0 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   11.4 %

Impel SA

   7.4 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   7.4 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   5.7 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   4.4 %

MPW

   4.2 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   2.5 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   2.4 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   2.3 %

Matrix Service Co.

   1.7 %

Flow International Corp.

   0.3 %

Guideline Company Median

   5.0 %

 

Other
(5-Year Average Deprecation to Revenue)
  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   11.7 %

American Ecology Corp.

   11.2 %

MPW

   8.9 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   7.7 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   5.4 %

Flow International Corp.

   4.4 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   4.2 %

Impel SA

   3.7 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   2.6 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   2.1 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   1.9 %

Matrix Service Co.

   1.6 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   0.8 %

Guideline Company Median

   3.9 %

 

Profitability
(5-Year Average Return on Equity)
  

Clean Harbors Inc.

   26.0 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   17.7 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   15.1 %

Impel SA

   14.1 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   13.9 %

American Ecology Corp.

   13.0 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   7.6 %

MPW

   4.0 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   2.7 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   2.5 %

Matrix Service Co.

   0.0 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   -6.3 %

Flow International Corp.

   -67.9 %

Guideline Company Median

   10.3 %

 

Liquidity
(5-Year Average Current Ratio)
  

PDG Environmental Inc.

   2.0

American Ecology Corp.

   2.0

ABM Industries Inc.

   2.0

Impel SA

   1.9

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   1.7

MPW

   1.6

Matrix Service Co.

   1.6

Flow International Corp.

   1.5

CECO Environmental Corp.

   1.2

Clean Harbors Inc.

   1.2

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   1.2

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   1.1

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   0.8

Guideline Company Median

   1.5

 

Working Capital
(5-Year Avg. Working Capital to Sales)
  

Flow International Corp.

   22.2 %

PDG Environmental Inc.

   19.9 %

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   17.4 %

American Ecology Corp.

   12.0 %

Matrix Service Co.

   11.6 %

CECO Environmental Corp.

   9.3 %

MPW

   8.9 %

ABM Industries Inc.

   8.4 %

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   6.4 %

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   4.1 %

Clean Harbors Inc.

   3.5 %

Impel SA

   1.9 %

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   -3.5 %

Guideline Company Median

   8.8 %

 

Activity
(5-Year Avg. Asset Turnover)
  

ABM Industries Inc.

   2.9

PDG Environmental Inc.

   2.2

Matrix Service Co.

   2.2

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   1.8

CECO Environmental Corp.

   1.7

Impel SA

   1.6

MPW

   1.3

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   1.2

Clean Harbors Inc.

   1.2

Flow International Corp.

   1.2

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   0.9

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   0.8

American Ecology Corp.

   0.7

Guideline Company Median

   1.4

 

Leverage
(5-Year Avg. Total Debt to EBITDA)
  

PDG Environmental Inc.

   206.3  

CECO Environmental Corp.

   5.4  

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   3.8  

Clean Harbors Inc.

   3.2  

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   2.4  

Flow International Corp.

   2.4  

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   1.9  

MPW

   1.7  

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   1.5  

American Ecology Corp.

   0.7  

Impel SA

   0.1  

ABM Industries Inc.

   0.0  

Matrix Service Co.

   (0.7 )

Guideline Company Median

   2.1  

 

Leverage
(5-Year Avg. EBIT / Interest Expense)
  

Impel SA

   60.7

ABM Industries Inc.

   51.0

Matrix Service Co.

   11.7

Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj

   7.4

Brambles Industries Ltd.

   4.9

Op-Tech Environmental Services Inc.

   3.2

American Ecology Corp.

   3.1

PDG Environmental Inc.

   3.0

MPW

   2.2

Perma-Fix Environmental Services Inc.

   1.7

Clean Harbors Inc.

   1.5

CECO Environmental Corp.

   0.7

Flow International Corp.

   0.1

Guideline Company Median

   3.1

 

* All margins and ratios represent five-year averages based on each guideline company’s lastest twelve month results and its prior four fiscal year ends (except for American Ecology Corp. and Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj whose margins and ratios are based on the latest five actual fiscal year ends); all dollars represent the latest financial information available; all MPW margins and ratios reflect adjusted financial results.

 

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EXHIBIT E

Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions

 

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E-1 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions

 

                    Target
Enterprise
Value
   Target Fundamentals  
     Close Date   

Buyer

  

Target

      Revenue    EBIT     EBIT
Margin
 
1    1/27/2006    Various private equity funds, including BS Private Equity SpA    IP Cleaning SpA    $ 350.7    $ 389.7    n/a     n/a  
2    1/6/2006    Newalta Income Fund    PSC Industrial Services Canada, Inc.      101.9      69.1    17.3     25.0 %
3    12/29/2005    Harsco Corp.    Brambles Industrial Services Northern Hemisphere      230.1      355.6    n/a     n/a  
4    11/7/2005    ABM Industries, Inc.    Brandywine Building Services, Inc.      6.0      9.1    n/a     n/a  
5    5/16/2005    Securiplan PLC    Sira Business Services PLC      10.0      31.9    1.3     4.0 %
6    5/15/2005    CFF Recycling SA    Penauilles Polyservices      716.8      2,108.2    44.9     2.1 %
7    5/10/2005    EQT and Goldman Sachs Capital Partners    ISS International Service System AS      5,241.6      6,995.8    219.5     3.1 %
8    4/1/2005    GreenShift Corporation    Veridium Corp.      15.2      13.2    (0.5 )   -3.7 %
9    12/30/2004    FTM-Forter    CTP Thermique      4.4      35.5    n/a     n/a  
10    11/8/2004    Hako-Werke GmbH    Minuteman International, Inc.      56.6      75.5    3.4     4.5 %
11    12/5/2003    Transpacific Industries Pty Ltd.    Environmental Recovery Services, Ltd.      18.2      20.3    0.3     1.7 %
12    3/7/2003    Matrix Service Co.    Hake Group, Inc.      50.0      174.8    n/a     n/a  
13    7/12/2002    ABM Industries, Inc.    Lakeside Building Maintenance, Inc.      55.0      149.4    6.9     4.6 %
14    2/20/2002    SCC Contracting, Inc.    Sevenson Environmental Services, Inc.      107.6      134.6    14.5     10.8 %
15    4/30/2001    American Sanitary, Inc.    Easterday Janitorial Supply Company      12.0      40.0    n/a     n/a  

 

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E-2 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions (Continued)

 

                    Target
Enterprise
Value
   Target Fundamentals  
     Close Date   

Buyer

  

Target

      Revenue    EBIT     EBIT
Margin
 
16    9/7/2000    Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc.    Diversified Scientific Services, Inc.      8.5      10.1      2.6     25.7 %
17    8/21/2000    Kenny Industrial Services, LLC    Canisco Resources, Inc.      19.7      68.5      1.1     1.5 %
18    6/5/2000    Pall Mall Support Services Ltd.    Compass Cleaning Ltd.      35.8      24.9      0.5     1.9 %
19    4/7/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Klinos Sa      76.8      56.5      1.8     3.2 %
20    3/23/2000    Abengoa SA    Befesa Medio Ambiente SA      290.0      210.5      24.6     11.7 %
21    12/8/1999    CECO Environmental Corp.    Kirk & Blum Manufacturing Co.      28.6      69.4      3.9     5.7 %
22    6/3/1999    Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc.    Chemical Conservation      12.4      21.8      0.8     3.9 %
Analysis of Target Fundamentals  
23    Maximum    $ 5,241.6    $ 6,995.8    $ 219.5     25.7 %
24    Upper Quartile      106.2      168.5      15.2     6.9 %
25    Median      42.9      68.8      3.0     3.9 %
26    Lower Quartile      13.1      26.6      1.0     2.1 %
27    Minimum      4.4      9.1      (0.5 )   -3.7 %
28    MPW Results      n/a      100.7      3.6     3.6 %

Notes:


Sources:  FactSet MergerStat LLC and Capital IQ, Inc.

n/a = Not Available

nmf = Not Meaningful

 

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EXHIBIT F

Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure

 

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F-1 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure

 

     Close Date   

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

1    3/3/2006    Buchen UmweltService GmbH    Watco Industrial Cleaning SA /    Provides industrial cleaning services
         Watco Industrial Cleaning NV   
2    3/2/2006    Dolmans Groep BV    Appelman Schoonmaak BV    Provides cleaning services
3    12/1/2005    Newalta Income Fund    Lojen Industrial Cleaning Ltd.    Provides on-site industrial cleaning, high-pressure washing, tank cleaning services to refineries and petrochemical companies
4    10/20/2005    Investor AB    Katharotechniki AE    Provides office and industrial building cleaning services, landscaping services, and pest control
5    9/1/2005    Investor AB    Grazer Schnellreinigungsdienst Glas    Provides janitorial and window cleaning services
         & Gebaude Brunner GmbH   
6    8/16/2005    Bio Solutions Manufacturing, Inc.    Allison & Sons, Inc.    Provides exterior cleaning services using environmentally friendly products
7    7/4/2005    LBO France Gestion    La Providence SAS    Provides cleaning services
8    6/16/2005    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Manchester Property Care    Provides various contract cleaning services
9    5/3/2005    Eveready Income Fund    ICE Joint Venture    Provides cleaning services to de-coke furnaces at oil and gas refineries
10    2/24/2005    Ballis Chemicals SA    S & D Paleologou Ltd.    Manufactures production equipment for cleaning services
11    2/23/2005    Vandeweyer NV    BB Cleaning NV    Provides building cleaning services
12    3/14/2005    Batist Duobakken Reiniging BV    Container Cleaning Nederland BV    Provides container cleaning services
13    1/28/2005    Forenede Rengoring A/S    JC Rengoring A/S    Provides cleaning services
14    1/24/2005    Jan-Pro Holdings LLC    Jan-Pro Franchising International, Inc.    Provides commercial cleaning services
15    1/13/2005    Samsic    Cleaning Masters NV / NIC Building service Sarl    Provides industrial cleaning services
16    12/13/2004    SOL Palvelut Oy    Sve-lat Ltd.    Provides cleaning services
17    12/8/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Fresh Hygiene Co.    Provides industrial cleaning services

 

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F-2 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

     Close Date   

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

18    11/19/2004    Partenaire Nettoyage SA    Annse SARL / C’Clair SARL / Pegase SARL    Provides industrial cleaning services
19    10/26/2004    Aber Proprete SA    Servim SA    Provides cleaning services
20    10/25/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Indalsleden Stad    Provides facility and cleaning services
21    8/31/2004    Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj    Tampereen Aluesiivous Oy    Provides facility cleaning services
22    7/16/2004    Contract Sweepers & Equipment, Inc. /Employees/    Contract Sweepers & Equipment, Inc.    Provides sweeping and cleaning services for parking lots and buildings
23    7/15/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    De Loge Schoonmaakdiensten BV    Provides facility cleaning services
24    7/1/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    TCR Europe    Holding company with interest in industrial cleaning services
25    6/15/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Kirwan Industrial Services    Provides industrial cleaning services
26    5/20/2004    Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj    Suurlohjan Siivous ja Huolto Oy    Provides waste management and cleaning services
27    4/30/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Hedegaard A/S    Provides damage control and cleaning services
28    4/16/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ekokem Oy AB    Provides industrial cleaning services
29    3/3/2004    Kluh Service Management    Special Cleaning Services SA    Provides facility cleaning services
30    3/2/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Olssons Stad AB    Provides cleaning services
31    12/12/2003    BAUER AG    RWE AG    Provides water treatment services, including water cleaning services
32    1/1/2004    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    AGS Gebaeudeservice GmbH    Provides cleaning services for buildings
33    10/22/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Food Hygiene Technics    Provides industrial cleaning services
34    10/1/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Hygiene Controle SA    Provides cleaning services

 

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F-3 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

     Close Date   

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

35    10/1/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Mjoll Raestingardeild    Provides maintenance and cleaning services
36    9/1/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Jardin Des Pierres Dorees    Provides maintenance and cleaning services
37    6/2/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ketol Ag    Provides facilities maintenance and cleaning services
38    5/27/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Grupo Garcia    Specializes in industrial cleaning services
39    5/6/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Kiinteistohoito Sormunen Oy    Provides facilities management services and cleaning services
40    4/8/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Lilja &co    Provides cleaning services
41    3/16/2003    SOL Palvelut Oy    AS Serviks    Provides cleaning services
42    3/4/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Partasen Talohuolto Oy    Provides cleaning services
43    2/14/2003    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ocab Ostergotland AB    Provides cleaning services
44    12/20/2002    Omni Facility Resources, Inc.    SMS Modern Cleaning Services Alberta, Inc.    Provides janitorial cleaning services
45    12/2/2002    Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj    Suomen Posti    Provides cleaning services
46    11/4/2002    A&S Total Cleaning    Ace Pressure Cleaning & Sealing    Provides janitorial and cleaning services
47    10/23/2002    Anett    Hyris Service SRL    Provides industrial cleaning services
48    10/21/2002    Green Environmental, Inc.    Crandlemere Rw & Associates, Inc.    Provides radon, lead, mold, and asbestos cleaning services
49    9/17/2002    Tti Holdings Of America Corp    Steam Clean USA Inc    Provides steam cleaning services
50    7/31/2002    Saunders Karp & Megrue    Kenny Industrial Services LLC    Provides industrial cleaning services
51    7/12/2002    Marwell Cleaning Services Ltd    City Cleaning Services (UK) Ltd    Provides industrial cleaning services

 

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F-4 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

    

Close Date

  

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

52    7/10/2002    Central de Restaurantes Ltda    Wackenhut Chile SA    Provides industrial cleaning services
53    7/1/2002    Samsic    Groupe LG    Provides industrial cleaning services
54    6/4/2002    Atencion Empresarial Sl    Macasa    Provides cleaning services
55    5/14/2002    Tempo Services Ltd.    CFS Industrial Services Ltd.    Provides industrial cleaning services
56    5/14/2002    Tempo Services Ltd.    CFS Environmental Services Ltd.    Provides industrial cleaning services
57    5/1/2002    Hi-Spec Facilities Support Company PLC    Concorde Cleaning Services Ltd.    Provides contract cleaning services
58    4/30/2002    Abengoa SA    Grupo Berako    Provides industrial cleaning services
59    4/16/2002    GOM BV    Prosegur Compania de Seguridad SA    Specializes in industrial cleaning services
60    4/11/2002    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Midvac Sanering    Provides facilities cleaning services
61    4/4/2002    Lassila & Tikanoja Oyj    Ykkossiivous Oy    Provides cleaning services
62    1/3/2002    Effektief Groep BV    ASR Schoonmaakbedrijf Raven VOF    Provides building and industrial cleaning services
63    12/21/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    VMT Skade Gausen Rolf AS    Provides after damage cleaning services
64    12/21/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Landford Cleaning Services Limited    Provides cleaning services
65    12/21/2002    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Bourne Contract Support Services Limited    Provides cleaning services
66    12/21/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Huber Reinigungs GmbH    Provides cleaning services
67    11/1/2001    Samsic    Novatec SA    Specializes in industrial cleaning services
68    11/1/2001    Samsic    Assistance & Prevention SARL    Provides industrial cleaning services

 

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F-5 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

    

Close Date

  

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

69    10/23/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Renholdssystemer Alta    Provides cleaning services
70    10/23/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    More Miljoservice A/S    Provides industrial cleaning services
71    10/3/2001    Samsic    Aquitaine Service SA    Provides industrial cleaning services
72    10/3/2001    Samsic    Societe Europeenne De Nettoyage    Provides building maintenance and industrial cleaning services
73    10/1/2001    Mitch Murch’s Maintenance Management Co.    Mid-America Pro Clean, Inc.    Provides cleaning services
74    9/28/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    ERS Rengoring AS    Provides cleaning services for the food hygiene industry
75    9/14/2001    DMMS SA    Cogeh SARL    Provides industrial cleaning services
76    9/11/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Vatro GmbH & Co KG    Provides facility cleaning services resulting from damages such as dampness, water or fire
77    9/11/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Kema Stad    Provides maintenance and cleaning services
78    9/11/2001    Onet SA / OCS Group Ltd.    Real Service BV    Specializes in industrial cleaning services
79    10/1/2001    Energie Baden Wurttemberg AG    GegenbauerBosse Holding GmbH & Co KG    Provides building maintenance and cleaning services
80    8/3/2001    Waverley Mining Finance PLC    Custom Group Services Ltd / Custom Plant Services Ltd.    Provides retail security, site guarding and contract cleaning services
81    7/11/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Marius Management AS    Provides cleaning services
82    6/13/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ocab Syd AB    Provides cleaning services
83    6/13/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ocab Skadeservice AB    Provides cleaning services
84    6/13/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Sanab Umea    Provides cleaning services
85    5/4/2001    Onet SA    Comex SA    Specializes in environmental protection, engineering and cleaning services

 

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F-6 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

    

Close Date

  

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

86    5/3/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Rauman Siivouskesus Oy    Provider of industrial cleaning services
87    4/12/2001    Penauilles Polyservices    Capricorne Proprete SA    Specializes in cleaning services
88    4/4/2001    Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas SA / Urbaser SA /    Limasa    Provides solid waste treatment services and cleaning services
89    12/28/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Atlas Cleaning Interclair SA    Provides cleaning services
90    1/1/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Super Siivous Oy    Provides cleaning services
91    1/1/2001    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Silvous Ja Konsultointi Eila Isoaho OY    Provides cleaning services
92    10/6/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Kylmapalvelu Jaavuori Oy    Provides maintenance and cleaning services
93    10/1/2000    Milo Reklame En Schoonmaak Bvba    Peetermans Nv    Provides cleaning services
94    10/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Sita Holdings Pte Ltd    Provides industrial and commercial cleaning services
95    9/28/2000    Onet SA    Prosegur Compania de Seguridad SA    Provides industrial cleaning services
96    9/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ceplak D O O    Provides cleaning services
97    9/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    ISS Multi Service Sp zoo    Provides cleaning services
98    9/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    ISS Servisystem Kft    Provides cleaning services
99    8/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Piepenbrock    Provides cleaning services
100    8/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Southdown Cleaning & Maintenance PLC    Provides cleaning services
101    7/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Marubia Sa    Provides cleaning services
102    6/12/2000    Freedom Group of Cos. PLC    VIP Bin Cleaning    Provides professional bin cleaning services

 

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F-7 Comparable Merger and Acquisition Transactions – With No Financial Disclosure (Continued)

 

    

Close Date

  

Buyer

  

Target

  

Target Description

103    4/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    DL Services Ltd.    Provides cleaning services
104    3/8/2000    Onet SA    Entreprise Ferroviaire Safen    Provides industrial cleaning services
105    2/29/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Ideal Commercial & Industrial Services Ltd.    Provides cleaning services
106    2/28/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Lareco Ab    Provides cleaning services
107    1/13/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Raesting ehf    Provides cleaning services
108    1/12/2000    City Cleaning Services (UK) Ltd.    Maid Marion Cleaning Services Ltd.    Provides cleaning services
109    1/3/2000    Hedegaard A/S    Combi Service AS    Provides cleaning services
110    1/1/2000    Vivendi Universal SA    C.H. Heist Corp.    Provides industrial maintenance and cleaning services
111    10/1/2000    ISS - Integrated Service Solutions A/S    Isoaho Oy    Provides cleaning services

Notes:


Sources: FactSet MergerStat LLC and Capital IQ, Inc.

 

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EXHIBIT G

Select Going-Private Transactions

 

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G-1 Select Going-Private Transactions

 

    Date
Announced
          Deal Size
($mil)
  %
Acquired
   

Premium Paid over

x-day Trailing Stock Price:

   

Target Market

Cap ($mil)

     

Target Name

 

Acquirer Name

      1 Day     5 Days     30 Days    
1   10/11/2005   OSE USA, Inc.   Orient Semiconductor Electronics Ltd   $ 0.23   27.30 %   -33.33 %   -25.00 %   -45.45 %   $ 0.31
2   9/27/2005   Northland Cranberries, Inc.   Sun Capital Partners, Inc.     1.07   5.40 %   -43.24 %   -40.85 %   -39.48 %     34.81
3   9/1/2005   7-Eleven, Inc.   Seven & I Holdings Co., Ltd.     1,182.25   27.30 %   6.80 %   32.60 %   17.90 %     4,051.77
4   7/12/2005   Coast Dental Services, Inc.   Intelident Solutions, Inc.     7.96   33.00 %   15.60 %   160.60 %   160.60 %     17.11
5   7/8/2005   Cruzan International, Inc.   V&S Vin & Sprit AB     69.22   36.40 %   12.40 %   10.20 %   6.90 %     170.23
6   6/30/2005   Obsidian Enterprises Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Obsidian     1.31   22.71 %   27.60 %   27.60 %   54.20 %     4.51
7   4/14/2005   USHealth Group, Inc.   Credit Suisse Group     1.10   7.00 %   -38.00 %   -26.20 %   -22.50 %     20.24
8   3/31/2005   UNIFAB International, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of UNIFAB     0.18   10.00 %   -42.86 %   -42.86 %   -42.86 %     6.58
9   3/25/2005   Calprop Corp.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Calprop     1.07   16.90 %   160.00 %   132.14 %   242.11 %     2.43
10   3/25/2005   Vestin Group, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Vestin     1.36   18.90 %   6.00 %   4.00 %   14.00 %     6.07
11   12/20/2004   Elmer’s Restaurants, Inc.   ERI Acquisitions Corp.     5.68   41.05 %   0.00 %   0.00 %   0.00 %     13.81
12   9/13/2004   Rag Shops, Inc.   Sun Capital Partners, Inc.     11.49   44.33 %   23.20 %   21.10 %   37.40 %     16.75
13   8/17/2004   RSI Holdings, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of RSI Holdings     0.17   22.00 %   11.10 %   11.10 %   25.00 %     0.71
14   8/2/2004   Cox Communications, Inc.   Cox Enterprises, Inc.     7,904.35   38.35 %   16.03 %   15.69 %   15.32 %     17,445.59
15   6/25/2004   Edelbrock Corp.   Edelbrock Holdings, Inc.     52.68   48.80 %   13.02 %   12.79 %   9.69 %     81.29
16   6/8/2004   Microwave Transmission Systems, Inc.   Private Group Led by Microwave Transmission Management     0.33   5.10 %   92.00 %   92.00 %   92.00 %     4.14

 

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G-2 Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

 

    

Date

Announced

             Deal Size
($mil)
   %
Acquired
   

Premium Paid over

x-day Trailing Stock Price:

   

Target Market

Cap ($mil)

       

Target Name

  

Acquirer Name

        1 Day     5 Days     30 Days    
17    4/13/2004    Gristedes Foods, Inc.    Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Gristedes    0.82    4.77 %   8.75 %   8.75 %   6.10 %   15.71
18    4/5/2004    Minuteman International, Inc.    Hako-Werke GmbH    15.81    32.00 %   24.00 %   24.80 %   27.90 %   39.70
19    3/19/2004    Joule, Inc.    JAC Acquisition Co., Inc.    1.78    28.60 %   11.11 %   12.58 %   12.58 %   5.64
20    2/20/2004    Johnson Outdoors Inc.    JO Acquisition Corp.    84.35    48.40 %   18.58 %   18.58 %   28.00 %   150.00
21    1/27/2004    Dover Investments Corp.    Lawrence Weissberg Revocable Living Trust    32.33    48.70 %   16.67 %   1.03 %   24.37 %   27.66
22    12/31/2003    Boyd Bros. Transportation, Inc.    BBT Acquisition Corp.    10.12    28.00 %   53.00 %   63.90 %   77.20 %   16.27
23    12/17/2003    Regency Equities Corp.    Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Regency    0.24    16.50 %   -5.60 %   -15.00 %   13.30 %   1.57
24    12/2/2003    Reeds Jewelers, Inc.    Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Reeds    2.18    12.50 %   88.00 %   94.00 %   95.00 %   15.26
25    12/2/2003    Kontron Mobile Computing, Inc.    Kontron Embedded Computers AG    3.27    48.50 %   25.00 %   36.36 %   40.63 %   5.39
26    11/21/2003    Chefs International, Inc.    Lombardi Restaurant Group Inc.    4.78    38.70 %   25.00 %   25.00 %   25.00 %   5.50
27    11/7/2003    Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.    Barnes & Noble, Inc.    134.38    27.00 %   35.60 %   35.60 %   30.90 %   109.18
28    8/1/2003    OAO Technology Solutions, Inc.    Terrapin Partners LLC    27.05    49.00 %   15.00 %   11.00 %   50.00 %   49.74
29    7/29/2003    Janus Hotels & Resorts, Inc.    Janus Acquisition, Inc.    1.07    29.60 %   -72.10 %   -72.10 %   -70.80 %   3.84
30    5/29/2003    BCT International, Inc.    Phoenix Group of Florida, Inc.    4.87    47.50 %   117.39 %   115.05 %   104.08 %   5.36
31    5/5/2003    Westerbeke Corp.    Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Westerbeke    2.79    43.80 %   70.45 %   74.42 %   70.45 %   3.44
32    5/5/2003    Semele Group Inc.    Private Group Led by Semele Management    1.17    46.92 %   25.00 %   25.00 %   21.00 %   n/a

 

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G-3   Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

 

    Date
Announced
          Deal Size
($mil)
  %
Acquired
   

Premium Paid over

x-day Trailing Stock Price:

    Target Market
Cap ($mil)
     

Target Name

 

Acquirer Name

      1 Day     5 Days     30 Days    
33   4/29/2003   RWD Technologies, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of RWD   11.07   34.00 %   128.30 %   133.30 %   172.70 %   14.17
34   3/27/2003   DSI Toys, Inc.   DSI Acquisition Inc.   1.56   30.50 %   11.90 %   4.40 %   6.80 %   4.56
35   3/24/2003   Judge Group, Inc.   Private Group Led by Judge Group Management   5.92   40.00 %   17.14 %   13.89 %   24.24 %   14.52
36   3/21/2003   TROY Group Inc   Dirk Inc   11.96   41.60 %   116.00 %   80.00 %   63.64 %   13.31
37   3/7/2003   RDO Equipment Co.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of RDO   27.38   36.50 %   21.17 %   20.68 %   20.44 %   72.12
38   2/21/2003   Coast Dental Services, Inc.   Private Group Led by Coast Dental Management   4.61   49.00 %   38.46 %   50.00 %   58.45 %   6.80
39   2/19/2003   Riverside Group, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Riverside   0.08   43.00 %   100.00 %   100.00 %   100.00 %   0.19
40   2/6/2003   deltathree Inc   D3 Acquisition Inc.   5.92   29.00 %   37.25 %   27.27 %   48.94 %   14.86
41   1/31/2003   9278 Communications, Inc.   NTSE Holding Corp   1.10   45.80 %   186.00 %   264.00 %   150.00 %   1.13
42   12/6/2002   Atalanta/Sosnoff Capital LLC   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Atalanta/Sosnoff   21.60   17.31 %   36.10 %   42.30 %   58.90 %   86.83
43   11/22/2002   Unimark Group Inc (The)   M&M Nominee LLC   5.13   37.50 %   132.14 %   160.00 %   66.67 %   5.89
44   11/13/2002   Media Source, Inc.   Private Group Led by Media Source Management   2.58   33.16 %   20.00 %   55.00 %   46.00 %   7.16
45   10/17/2002   Pak Mail Centers of America, Inc.   Pak Mail Acquisition Corp   0.04   20.60 %   3.20 %   3.20 %   -14.00 %   0.19
46   10/11/2002   Landair Corp   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Landair Corp.   28.75   29.00 %   25.00 %   31.05 %   35.56 %   79.31
47   8/15/2002   RB Rubber Products Inc   Dash Multi Corp., Inc.   2.71   30.00 %   83.01 %   83.01 %   75.00 %   8.89
48   8/13/2002   Oriole Homes Corp   Levy Group (The)   13.90   39.90 %   63.33 %   63.33 %   29.29 %   21.33

 

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G-4   Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

 

    Date
Announced
          Deal Size
($mil)
  %
Acquired
   

Premium Paid over

x-day Trailing Stock Price:

    Target Market
Cap ($mil)
     

Target Name

 

Acquirer Name

      1 Day     5 Days     30 Days    
49   8/5/2002   Sandata Technologies Inc   Sandata Acquisition Corp   1.21   25.60 %   282.00 %   516.13 %   180.88 %   4.85
50   7/8/2002   International Specialty Products Inc   Private Group Led by International Specialty Products Management   131.61   19.60 %   35.53 %   33.77 %   19.77 %   495.46
51   6/24/2002   Konover Property Trust   Prometheus Southeast Retail Trust   32.13   34.00 %   12.90 %   12.30 %   12.30 %   59.36
52   6/12/2002   Swiss Army Brands, Inc.   Victorinox AG   24.71   32.20 %   42.00 %   43.00 %   41.00 %   74.55
53   5/16/2002   Electric Lightwave LLC   Citizens Communications Co.   5.50   15.00 %   105.90 %   81.80 %   55.60 %   17.44
54   5/16/2002   Balanced Care Corp   IPC Advisors Sarl   3.99   46.70 %   150.00 %   177.78 %   127.27 %   3.42
55   4/10/2002   PartsBase, Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of PartsBase   7.24   35.23 %   41.67 %   47.83 %   37.84 %   16.11
56   4/5/2002   Century Builders Group Inc   Century Partners Group Ltd   3.53   9.50 %   8.43 %   7.14 %   -10.00 %   34.28
57   4/3/2002   CBNY Investment Services Corp   Private Group Led By CBNY Investment Services Mana   2.84   26.40 %   1.30 %   1.00 %   1.00 %   10.61
58   2/13/2002   Deltek Systems, Inc.   DF Merger Co Inc   47.48   44.70 %   27.00 %   29.30 %   49.00 %   85.95
59   1/22/2002   The Rottlund Co., Inc.   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Rottlund   15.27   28.60 %   18.00 %   30.00 %   47.00 %   53.38
60   11/16/2001   Ugly Duckling Corp   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of Ugly Duckling Corp.   16.91   39.00 %   41.77 %   42.91 %   30.74 %   30.59
61   10/24/2001   US Medical Group Inc   Private Group Led by US Medical Group Management   1.44   36.32 %   20.00 %   20.00 %   -11.76 %   3.39
62   10/23/2001   Transcontinental Realty Investors Inc   Basic Capital Management Inc   21.21   15.00 %   45.83 %   38.89 %   37.80 %   96.94
63   10/17/2001   Market America Inc   Private Group Led by Market America Management   35.73   23.00 %   79.78 %   81.82 %   86.05 %   375.73
64   10/15/2001   IIC Industries Inc   CP Holdings Ltd   12.70   20.00 %   -16.00 %   -16.00 %   -12.50 %   75.57

 

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G-5   Select Going-Private Transactions (Continued)

 

    Date
Announced
          Deal Size
($mil)
  %
Acquired
   

Premium Paid over

x-day Trailing Stock Price:

    Target Market
Cap ($mil)
     

Target Name

 

Acquirer Name

      1 Day     5 Days     30 Days    
65   10/1/2001   NCH Corp   Private Group     120.66   43.30 %   33.96 %   33.59 %   19.07 %     208.01
66   9/18/2001   Organic Inc   Seneca Investments LLC     5.60   19.10 %   13.79 %   17.86 %   37.50 %     25.78
67   8/14/2001   National Home Centers Inc   Private Group Led by Majority Shareholder of National Home Centers     3.65   36.51 %   21.74 %   17.65 %   35.92 %     8.21
68   8/3/2001   Lincoln Snacks Co   Lincoln Snacks Acquisition Corp     3.07   10.20 %   12.90 %   16.67 %   27.27 %     26.66
69   5/14/2001   Agency.com Ltd   Seneca Investments LLC     44.62   34.30 %   63.41 %   45.02 %   142.75 %     n/a
70   5/11/2001   US Timberlands Co LP   Private Group Led By US Timberland Management     11.32   32.00 %   -60.26 %   -60.88 %   -64.24 %     278.09
71   4/30/2001   STV Group Inc   Private Group Led By ESOP of STV Group Inc     16.23   37.19 %   97.37 %   110.28 %   80.00 %     22.11
72   4/27/2001   Pierre Foods Inc   PF Management Inc     5.44   37.00 %   101.61 %   62.34 %   121.24 %     7.29
73   4/2/2001   Milestone Properties Inc   Concord Assets Group Inc     3.56   31.20 %   40.96 %   40.96 %   40.96 %     8.06
74   3/27/2001   Hahn Automotive Warehouse Inc   Private Group Led by Hahn Automotive Management     1.71   36.00 %   33.33 %   33.33 %   9.89 %     3.56
75   2/9/2001   Marketing Specialists Corp   Private Group Led By Richmont Capital Partners I L     1.40   16.80 %   98.41 %   66.67 %   468.18 %     24.98
76   1/24/2001   Firecom Inc   Private Group Led by Firecom Management     2.35   31.20 %   59.09 %   59.09 %   34.62 %     4.73
77   1/16/2001   Leslie Fay Co Inc   Three Cities Research Inc     9.50   32.00 %   14.16 %   17.65 %   -16.67 %     26.01
          Summary of Transaction Data
78   Minimum     $ 0.04   4.77 %   -72.10 %   -72.10 %   -70.80 %   $ 0.19
79   Lower Quartile       1.56   22.00 %   12.90 %   12.30 %   12.58 %     5.44
80   Median       5.44   32.00 %   25.00 %   30.00 %   34.62 %     15.71
81   Mean       133.82   30.64 %   40.62 %   46.54 %   47.42 %     330.17
82   Upper Quartile       16.91   39.00 %   63.33 %   63.33 %   63.64 %     51.56
83   Maximum       7,904.35   49.00 %   282.00 %   516.13 %   468.18 %     17,445.59

 

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