Revenue Recognition (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2020

Revenue From Contract With Customer [Abstract]

Summary of Disaggregation of Revenue by Major Source

The following tables disaggregate our revenue by major source for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (dollars in thousands):

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
	CTU		AIU ⁽³⁾		Corporate and Other ⁽⁴⁾		Total
Tuition	$	381,371	$	270,430	$	-	$	651,801
Technology fees		20,687		10,122		-		30,809
Other miscellaneous fees⁽¹⁾		1,283		686		-		1,969
Total tuition and fees		403,341		281,238		-		684,579
Other revenue⁽²⁾		2,166		123		446		2,735
Total revenue	$	405,507	$	281,361	$	446	$	687,314

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
	CTU		AIU		Corporate and Other ⁽⁴⁾		Total
Tuition	$	370,318	$	225,364	$	-	$	595,682
Technology fees		17,844		9,412		-		27,256
Other miscellaneous fees⁽¹⁾		1,690		428		-		2,118
Total tuition and fees		389,852		235,204		-		625,056
Other revenue⁽²⁾		2,411		170		67		2,648
Total revenue	$	392,263	$	235,374	$	67	$	627,704

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2018
	CTU		AIU		Corporate and Other ⁽⁴⁾		Total
Tuition	$	359,929	$	196,712	$	550	$	557,191
Technology fees		11,560		7,590		-		19,150
Other miscellaneous fees⁽¹⁾		1,769		416		19		2,204
Total tuition and fees		373,258		204,718		569		578,545
Other revenue⁽²⁾		2,512		202		37		2,751
Total revenue	$	375,770	$	204,920	$	606	$	581,296

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(1)

Other miscellaneous fees include student activity fees and graduation fees.

(2)

Other revenue primarily includes contract training revenue and bookstore sales.

(3) AIU includes revenue related to the Trident acquisition commencing on the March 2, 2020 date of acquisition.

(4)

Revenue recorded within Corporate and Other relates to certain bookstore sales and closed campuses which are now reported within this category as well as revenue not related to campus operations.

Summary of Contract Assets Offset with Deferred Revenue Balances

The amount of contract assets which are being offset with deferred revenue balances as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	As of December 31,
	2020			2019
Gross deferred revenue	$	85,402		$	63,204
Gross contract assets		(50,868	)		(38,557	)
Deferred revenue, net	$	34,534		$	24,647

Changes in Deferred Revenue Balances

Changes in our deferred revenue balances for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands):

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
	CTU			AIU			Total
Gross deferred revenue, January 1, 2020	$	27,845		$	35,359		$	63,204
Business acquisition, beginning balance		-			13,395			13,395
Revenue earned from prior balances		(25,179	)		(40,402	)		(65,581	)
Billings during period ⁽¹⁾		404,930			289,751			694,681
Revenue earned for new billings during the period		(378,161	)		(240,836	)		(618,997	)
Other adjustments		(913	)		(387	)		(1,300	)
Gross deferred revenue, December 31, 2020	$	28,522		$	56,880		$	85,402

	For the Year Ended December 31, 2019
	CTU			AIU			Total
Gross deferred revenue, January 1, 2019	$	24,250		$	27,444		$	51,694
Revenue earned from prior balances		(22,289	)		(21,824	)		(44,113	)
Billings during period ⁽¹⁾		392,818			243,008			635,826
Revenue earned for new billings during the period		(367,563	)		(213,380	)		(580,943	)
Other adjustments		629			111			740
Gross deferred revenue, December 31, 2019	$	27,845		$	35,359		$	63,204

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(1)

Billings during period includes adjustments for prior billings.