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Share-based Payments (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Compensation costs related to share-based payments
The following table summarizes the components of share-based payment expense by consolidated income statement classification:
Year ended December 31,202420232022
Selling, general and administrative:
Stock option compensation expense$3.5 $7.7 $12.2 
Equity-classified share units47.1 32.0 22.0 
Liability-classified share units2.9 2.5 — 
Employee share purchase plan7.3 4.7 2.8 
60.8 46.9 37.0 
Acquisition-related and integration costs:
Acceleration of share-based payments expense1.0 6.8 — 
Share-based continuing employment costs0.6 3.8 7.5 
1.6 10.6 7.5 
$62.4 $57.5 $44.5 
Summary of stock option activity
The following table summarizes stock option activity:
Stock optionsPremium-priced stock options
Common
shares under
option
WA
exercise
price
WA
remaining
contractual
life (in years)
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
Common
shares under
option
WA
exercise
price
WA
remaining
contractual
life (in years)
Aggregate
intrinsic
value
Outstanding, December 31, 20212,208,057$42.55 7.7$41.9 1,017,064$91.24 5.7$— 
Granted710,84758.08 — — 119,15791.37 — — 
Exercised(159,920)36.72 — 4.5 — — — 
Forfeited(28,689)48.09 — — (17,789)90.93 — — 
Outstanding, December 31, 20222,730,295$46.88 7.3$31.2 1,118,432$91.26 4.7$— 
Granted262,72558.09 — — — — — 
Assumed in IAA acquisition187,72750.96 — — — — — 
Exercised(721,503)47.67 — 10.3 — — — 
Forfeited(140,162)53.84 — — (225,765)91.26 — — 
Outstanding, December 31, 20232,319,082$47.82 6.3$44.5 892,667$91.26 3.6$— 
Exercised(978,238)44.71 — 31.8 (66,309)83.92 — 0.4 
Forfeited(12,773)53.96 — — (110,671)95.46 — — 
Outstanding, December 31, 20241,328,071$50.05 5.5$49.9 715,687$91.29 2.5$1.3 
Exercisable, December 31, 2024969,828$47.14 4.9$41.8 435,789$91.24 2.5$1.3 
ESPP valuation assumptions
The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of ESPP awards are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023
Risk free interest rate4.4 %5.3 %
Expected dividend yield1.26 %1.81 %
Expected lives of the ESPP9 months8 months
Expected volatility27.5 %28.1 %
Schedule of shares issuance activity
The following table summarizes share unit activity:
Equity-classifiedLiability-classified
PSUs (Performance Conditions)PSUs (Market Conditions)RSUsDSUs
NumberWA grant
date fair
value
NumberWA grant
date fair
value
NumberWA grant
 date fair
value
NumberWA grant
date fair
value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021523,618$45.90 88305$65.45 79,112$54.96 156,589$35.28 
Granted236,85558.53 14,57469.92 34,49557.71 21,82458.24 
Vested and settled(93,241)36.42 — (37,714)50.29 (70,048)36.13 
Forfeited(4,598)51.76 — (7,869)60.30 — 
Outstanding, December 31, 2022662,634$51.71 102,879$66.08 68,024$58.32 108,365$39.35 
Granted94,72958.04 80,39885.33 425,30953.35 24,57355.49 
Assumed in IAA acquisition— — — 366,37952.79 — 
Vested and settled(283,086)42.23 — (309,102)53.22 (32,378)54.68 
Forfeited(58,848)60.62 (9,017)68.59 (10,939)55.06 — 
Outstanding at December 31, 2023415,429$58.35 174,260$74.83 539,671$53.64 100,560$38.36 
Granted164,520 76.11 162,942 122.91 340,271 76.64 11,88772.93 
Vested and settled(114,315)58.79 (58,511)66.08 (237,766)53.74 (38,957)45.28 
Forfeited(15,459)58.37 (9,737)84.04 (34,371)62.12 — 
Outstanding at December 31, 2024450,175$64.73 268,954$105.53 607,805$66.00 73,490$40.29 
Stock options  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock options valuation assumptions
The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted in 2022 and 2023 are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:
December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Risk free interest rate4.2 %2.2 %
Expected dividend yield1.84 %1.74 %
Expected lives of the stock options4 years4 years
Expected volatility35.8 %31.8 %
Premium-priced stock options  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock options valuation assumptions
The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair values using a Monte Carlo simulation model were as follows:
December 31, 2022
Risk free interest rate3.0 %
Expected dividend yield1.63 %
Expected lives of the stock options4 years
Expected volatility30.2 %
PSU  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock options valuation assumptions The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:
December 31, 2024December 31, 2023December 31, 2022
Risk free interest rate4.4 %4.5 %2.7 %
Expected dividend yield— %— %1.63 %
Expected lives of the PSUs3 years2 years2 years
Expected volatility32.2 %32.7 %33.4 %
Average expected volatility of comparable companies48.3 %48.6 %34.4 %
IAA | Stock options  
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]  
Stock options valuation assumptions The significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of these assumed stock options are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:
December 31, 2023
Risk free interest rate3.9 %
Expected dividend yield2.05 %
Expected lives of the stock options2 years
Expected volatility33.3 %