Acquisitions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Acquisitions

4. Acquisitions

(a)Boom and Bucket Acquisition

On October 31, 2024, the Company completed its acquisition of Boom and Bucket Inc. ("Boom and Bucket") for a total purchase price of approximately $10 million. Boom and Bucket is a digital dealer that connects buyers and sellers in the sale of used heavy equipment through its online fixed price marketplace platform. The acquisition was accounted for as an asset acquisition as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset, the developed technology platform. The purchase price consisted primarily of cash proceeds paid to the former shareholders and reimbursement of transaction costs. The acquired developed technology platform will be amortized from its acquisition date over its estimated useful life of three years.

(b)IAA Acquisition

On March 20, 2023, the Company completed its acquisition of IAA, Inc. ("IAA") for a total purchase price of approximately $6.6 billion. The Company acquired IAA to create a leading omnichannel marketplace for vehicle buyers and sellers. IAA stockholders received $12.80 per share in cash and 0.5252 shares of the Company for each share of IAA common stock they owned (the “Exchange Ratio”). As such, the Company paid $1.7 billion in cash consideration and issued 70.3 million shares of its common stock. In addition, the Company repaid $1.2 billion of IAA’s net debt, which included all outstanding borrowings and unpaid fees under IAA’s credit agreement and $500.0 million principal amount of IAA senior notes, at a redemption price equal to 102.75% of the principal amount

plus accrued and unpaid interest. IAA’s outstanding equity awards were also cancelled and exchanged into equivalent outstanding equity awards relating to the Company’s common stock, based on the equity award exchange ratio of 0.763139.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Purchase price (cash: $1,714.2 million; fair value of common shares issued: $3,712.9 million; repayment of net debt: $1,157.1 million; reimbursement of costs: $48.8 million; and fair value of exchanged equity awards: $13.1 million)	$	6,646.1
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	166.6
Trade and other receivables	497.3
Inventory	57.1
Other current assets	28.0
Income taxes receivable	0.6
Property, plant and equipment	618.5
Operating lease right-of-use assets	1,289.7
Other non-current assets	34.8
Intangible assets	2,712.1
Liabilities assumed:
Auction proceeds payable	60.7
Trade and other liabilities	257.0
Current operating lease liability	77.5
Income taxes payable	3.5
Long-term operating lease liability	1,192.7
Other non-current liabilities	24.3
Deferred tax liabilities	689.5
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired	3,099.5
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	$	3,546.6

The following table summarizes the final fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired:

Asset	Preliminary fair value at acquisition		Weighted average amortization period
Customer relationships	$	2,293.5	15 years
Developed technology	245.2		4 years
Trade names and trademarks	166.6		5 years
Software under development	6.8		—
	$	2,712.1	13.4 years

Goodwill relates to synergies expected to be achieved from the operations of the combined company, the assembled workforce of IAA, and intangible assets that do not qualify for separate recognition. Expected synergies include both increased revenue opportunities and the cost savings from the planned integration of platform infrastructure, facilities, personnel, and systems. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

(c)VeriTread Acquisition

On January 3, 2023, the Company acquired 8,889,766 units of VeriTread LLC ("VeriTread"), for $25.1 million cash consideration from its existing unitholders and acquired another 1,056,338 units through an investment of $3.0 million cash. As a result, the

Company increased its investment in VeriTread to 75% and obtained control of VeriTread pursuant to an amended operating agreement on January 18, 2023. Immediately prior to the acquisition, the Company owned 11% of VeriTread, with an acquisition date fair value of $4.3 million based on the per unit purchase price, and therefore, upon remeasurement of its previously held interest, the Company recorded a gain of $1.4 million in other income, net at acquisition. VeriTread is a transportation technology company that provides an online marketplace solution for open deck transport, connecting shippers and service providers.

Concurrently, the Company entered into a put/call agreement with one of the minority unitholders of VeriTread for its remaining units, another 21% ownership interest. Pursuant to this agreement, the minority unitholder has rights, in certain circumstances, to put or sell its remaining units of VeriTread to the Company, subject to VeriTread achieving certain performance targets at a predetermined value or fair value, depending on the timing and targets achieved. The Company also has the right to call or purchase the remaining units of the minority unitholder upon achievement of certain integration milestones at fair value. The redeemable non-controlling interest is classified in temporary equity on the consolidated balance sheets. On the acquisition date the Company determined that redemption of the redeemable non-controlling interest was probable. An additional non-controlling interest of 4% held in VeriTread is classified within equity as that interest does not contain put/call options.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the final allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed:

Purchase price (cash: $28.1 million; and fair value of previously held equity interest: $4.3 million)	$	32.4
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired	17.9
Redeemable non-controlling interest	(8.9)
Non-controlling interest	(1.8)
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	$	25.2

The final fair value of identifiable net assets acquired consists of cash and cash equivalents of $3.4 million, trade and other receivables and other current assets of $0.9 million, trade and other liabilities of $1.1 million, and identifiable intangible assets of $14.7 million as summarized in the following table:

Asset	Fair value at acquisition		Weighted average amortization period
Customer relationships	$	7.2	5 years
Software and technology assets	7.1		7 years
Trade names and trademarks	0.4		2 years
	$	14.7	5.9 years

Goodwill relates to benefits expected from the acquisition of VeriTread’s business, its assembled workforce and associated technical expertise, as well as anticipated synergies from applying VeriTread’s transportation platform, network of transport carriers, equipment database and services to the Company’s customer base. This acquisition is expected to accelerate the Company’s marketplace strategy, which brings services, insights, and transaction solutions together to improve the overall customer experience. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.