10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022
OR
☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission file number: 001-13425

Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

Canada	98-0626225
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
9500 Glenlyon Parkway
Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada	V5J 0C6
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(778) 331-5500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common shares	RBA	New York Stock Exchange
Common Share Purchase Rights	N/A	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).  Yes ☒ No ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐	Non-accelerated filer	☐
Smaller reporting company	☐	Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ◻

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act):

Yes ☐ No ⌧

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date: 110,740,128 common shares, without par value, outstanding as of May 6, 2022.

RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED

FORM 10-Q

For the quarter ended March 31, 2022

INDEX

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1:	Consolidated Financial Statements	1
ITEM 2:	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	26
ITEM 3:	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	53
ITEM 4:	Controls and Procedures	53
PART II – OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1:	Legal Proceedings	54
ITEM 1A:	Risk Factors	54
ITEM 2:	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	54
ITEM 3:	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	54
ITEM 4:	Mine Safety Disclosures	54
ITEM 5:	Other Information	54
ITEM 6:	Exhibits	55
SIGNATURES		56

PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1:           CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Condensed Consolidated Income Statements

(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share and per share data)

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Revenue:
Service revenue	$	244,861	$	206,030
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		125,525
Total revenue		393,921		331,555
Operating expenses:
Costs of services		39,015		37,866
Cost of inventory sold		131,582		110,747
Selling, general and administrative expenses		126,606		114,239
Acquisition-related costs		9,637		2,922
Depreciation and amortization expenses		24,225		21,070
Foreign exchange loss (gain)		(164)		277
Total operating expenses		330,901		287,121
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		169,820		68
Operating income		232,840		44,502
Interest expense		(20,686)		(8,946)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net		1,263		—
Other income, net		920		1,002
Income before income taxes		214,337		36,558
Income tax expense		36,236		8,419
Net income	$	178,101	$	28,139
Net income (loss) attributable to:
Stockholders	$	178,094	$	28,188
Non-controlling interests		7		(49)
Net income	$	178,101	$	28,139
Earnings per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$	1.61	$	0.26
Diluted	$	1.60	$	0.25
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic		110,647,700		109,972,997
Diluted		111,655,861		111,267,392

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars)

(Unaudited)

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Net income	$	178,101	$	28,139
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment		(1,167)		(10,360)
Total comprehensive income	$	176,934	$	17,779
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to:
Stockholders	$	176,937	$	17,844
Non-controlling interests		(3)		(65)
	$	176,934	$	17,779

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ritchie Bros. 2

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except share data)

(Unaudited)

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	440,120	$	326,113
Restricted cash		150,203		102,875
Trade and other receivables		292,418		150,895
Less: allowance for credit losses		(4,339)		(4,396)
Inventory		78,890		102,494
Other current assets		50,699		64,346
Income taxes receivable		19,517		19,895
Total current assets		1,027,508		762,222
Restricted cash		939,755		933,464
Property, plant and equipment		445,517		449,087
Other non-current assets		157,874		142,504
Intangible assets		341,771		350,516
Goodwill		947,798		947,715
Deferred tax assets		7,187		7,406
Total assets	$	3,867,410	$	3,592,914
Liabilities and Equity
Auction proceeds payable	$	539,739	$	292,789
Trade and other liabilities		258,595		280,308
Income taxes payable		24,967		5,677
Short-term debt		22,083		6,147
Current portion of long-term debt		3,564		3,498
Total current liabilities		848,948		588,419
Long-term debt		1,578,420		1,733,940
Other non-current liabilities		150,105		147,260
Deferred tax liabilities		64,572		52,232
Total liabilities		2,642,045		2,521,851
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 22 and Note 23 respectively)
Stockholders' equity:
Share capital:
Common stock; no par value, unlimited shares authorized, issued and outstanding shares: 110,735,243 (December 31, 2021: 110,618,049)		231,064		227,504
Additional paid-in capital		61,123		59,535
Retained earnings		989,923		839,609
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(57,130)		(55,973)
Stockholders' equity		1,224,980		1,070,675
Non-controlling interest		385		388
Total stockholders' equity		1,225,365		1,071,063
Total liabilities and equity	$	3,867,410	$	3,592,914

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars, except where noted)

(Unaudited)

	Attributable to stockholders
				Additional				Accumulated		Non-
	Common stock			paid-In				other		controlling
	Number of			capital		Retained		comprehensive		interest		Total
Three months ended March 31, 2022	shares	Amount		("APIC")		earnings		loss		("NCI")		equity
Balance, December 31, 2021	110,618,049	$	227,504	$	59,535	$	839,609	$	(55,973)	$	388	$	1,071,063
Net income	—		—		—		178,094		—		7		178,101
Other comprehensive loss	—		—		—		—		(1,157)		(10)		(1,167)
	—		—		—		178,094		(1,157)		(3)		176,934
Stock option exercises	24,248		1,207		(221)		—		—		—		986
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units	92,946		2,353		(5,902)		—		—		—		(3,549)
Share-based continuing employment costs related to business combinations	—		—		2,133		—		—		—		2,133
Stock option compensation expense					2,567								2,567
Equity-classified share units expense	—		—		2,890		—		—		—		2,890
Equity-classified share units divided equivalents	—		—		121		(121)		—		—		—
Cash dividends paid	—		—		—		(27,659)		—		—		(27,659)
Balance, March 31, 2022	110,735,243	$	231,064	$	61,123	$	989,923	$	(57,130)	$	385	$	1,225,365
Three months ended March 31, 2021
Balance, December 31, 2020	109,876,428	$	200,451	$	49,171	$	791,918	$	(34,295)	$	5,154	$	1,012,399
Net income	—		—		—		28,188		—		(49)		28,139
Other comprehensive income	—		—		—		—		(10,344)		(16)		(10,360)
	—		—		—		28,188		(10,344)		(65)		17,779
Stock option exercises	197,863		8,268		(1,549)		—		—		—		6,719
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units	234,275		2,046		(11,347)		—		—		—		(9,301)
Issuance (forfeiture) of common stock related to business combinations	(55,510)		—		—		—		—		—		—
Share-based continuing employment costs related to business combinations	—		—		2,553		—		—		—		2,553
Stock option compensation expense	—		—		1,861		—		—		—		1,861
Equity-classified share units expense	—		—		2,779		—		—		—		2,779
Equity-classified share units dividend equivalents	—		—		144		(144)		—		—		—
Cash dividends paid	—		—		—		(24,181)		—		—		(24,181)
Balance, March 31, 2021	110,253,056	$	210,765	$	43,612	$	795,781	$	(44,639)	$	5,089	$	1,010,608

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ritchie Bros. 4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Expressed in thousands of United States dollars)

(Unaudited)

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities:
Net income	$	178,101	$	28,139
Adjustments for items not affecting cash:
Depreciation and amortization expenses		24,225		21,070
Share-based payments expense		7,590		7,193
Deferred income tax expense		12,434		963
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss		(248)		459
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(169,820)		(68)
Amortization of debt issuance costs		848		720
Amortization of right-of-use assets		3,455		3,172
Change in fair value of derivatives		(1,263)		—
Other, net		1,111		1,184
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities		128,701		117,855
Net cash provided by operating activities		185,134		180,687
Investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired		(63)		—
Property, plant and equipment additions		(2,002)		(1,556)
Proceeds on disposition of property, plant and equipment		164,659		66
Intangible asset additions		(7,762)		(8,769)
Issuance of loans receivable		(1,099)		—
Repayment of loans receivable		1,212		224
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities		154,945		(10,035)
Financing activities:
Dividends paid to stockholders		(27,659)		(24,181)
Proceeds from exercise of options and share option plans		986		6,719
Payment of withholding taxes on issuance of shares		(1,531)		(7,542)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt		15,376		(2,886)
Repayment of long-term debt		(162,698)		(2,626)
Debt issue costs		(2,261)		—
Repayment of finance lease obligations		(2,506)		(2,629)
Net cash used in financing activities		(180,293)		(33,145)
Effect of changes in foreign currency rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash		7,840		(2,782)
Increase		167,626		134,725
Beginning of period		1,362,452		306,895
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$	1,530,078	$	441,620

See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Ritchie Bros. 5

1.    General information

Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”, “Ritchie Bros.”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) provide a marketplace for insights, services and transaction solutions for commercial assets. The Company offers its customers end-to-end transaction solutions for used commercial and other durable assets through its omnichannel platform, which includes auctions, online marketplaces, listing services, and private brokerage services. The Company also offers a wide array of value-added services connected to commercial assets as well as asset management software and data as a service solutions to help customers make more accurate and reliable business decisions. Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated is a company incorporated in Canada under the Canada Business Corporations Act, whose shares are publicly traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) and the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”).

2.    Significant accounting policies

(a) Basis of preparation

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). They include the accounts of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and its subsidiaries from their respective dates of formation or acquisition. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Certain information and footnote disclosure required by US GAAP for complete annual financial statements have been omitted and, therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as our most recent annual audited consolidated financial statements except as described in Note 2(b) “ New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies”. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in equity for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On February 24, 2022, the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe intensified with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, sharply affecting economic and global financial markets. Subsequent economic sanctions of Russia have exacerbated ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as rising inflation and global supply chain disruption. The Company does not have any direct or significant operations in Russia or Ukraine, or any material operations in neighboring countries and only has limited number of direct customers in the effected region. The extent of the ongoing impacts of the conflict on our operational and financial performance, including our ability to execute on our business strategies and initiatives and sustain our operations in Europe and globally, will depend on future developments, including the continued evolvement of military activity and sanctions imposed with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Given the evolving nature of the crisis, the Company cannot currently reasonably estimate the impacts of the conflict on its business operations, results of operations, cash flows or financial performance.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified from selling, general and administrative expenses to cost of services for certain employee costs related to equipment inspections to conform to the presentation of the current period financial statements.

Ritchie Bros. 6

2.    Significant accounting policies (continued)

(b) New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies

New accounting policies

Sale and leaseback

The transfer of the asset shall not be accounted for as a sale if the leaseback would be classified as a finance lease or a sales-type lease. For sale and leaseback transactions, the Company applies the requirements of ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers to determine whether the transfer of the asset should be accounted for as a sale and applies ASC 842 Leases when accounting for the sale and leaseback transactions. If the transfer of the asset is a sale, the Company derecognizes the underlying asset and recognizes the gain on sale of property, plant and equipment. The Company recognizes a lease obligation arising from the leaseback and the corresponding ROU asset. If the fair value of the consideration for the sale of an asset does not equal the fair value of the asset, or if the payments for the lease are not at market rates, the Company will make adjustments to measure the sale proceeds at fair value. Any below-market terms are accounted for as a prepayment of lease payments and any above- market terms are accounted for as additional financing provided by the buyer-lessor. If the transaction does not qualify for sale and leaseback accounting treatment, and control of the asset has not transferred, then the asset is not derecognized, and no gain or loss is recorded as the transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction.

New and amended accounting standards

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The update primarily addresses the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. The update requires that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers, whereas prior to the adoption of the update, contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed in a business combination were recognized at fair value on the acquisition date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. An entity that early adopts in an interim period should apply the amendments (1) retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurs on or after the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application and (2) prospectively to all business combinations that occur on or after the date of initial application. The Company has early adopted the update as of October 1, 2021 and therefore has applied the amendments to all acquisitions completed since January 1, 2021, which includes only the acquisition of SmartEquip, which was completed on November 2, 2021.

3.    Significant judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Future differences arising between actual results and the judgments, estimates and assumptions made by the Company at the reporting date, or future changes to estimates and assumptions, could necessitate adjustments to the underlying reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in future reporting periods.

Judgments, estimates and underlying assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis by management and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments may change due to market changes or circumstances and such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Significant items subject to estimates and judgments during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 were made in accounting for the completed sale and leaseback transaction of our Bolton property (Note 15 & Note 21). The Company determined the following estimates in calculating the gain on sale: the present value of market rental payments of the Bolton property sold, the expected lease term in the leaseback arrangement and the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date of the lease.

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4.    Seasonality

The Company’s operations are both seasonal and event driven. Revenues tend to be the highest during the second and fourth calendar quarters as the Company generally conducts more auctions during these quarters. Volumes tend to also be lower during the third quarter, as supply of used equipment is lower as it is actively being used and not available for sale. Late December through mid-February and mid-July through August are traditionally less active periods.

5.   Business combinations

(a) SmartEquip acquisition

On November 2, 2021, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of SmartEquip for a total cash purchase price of $173,743,000. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company finalized the net working capital adjustment under the purchase agreement and increased the purchase price by $63,000, resulting in a total purchase price of $173,806,000.

SmartEquip is an innovative technology platform that supports customers' management of the equipment lifecycle and integrates parts procurement with both original equipment manufacturers and dealers.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

SmartEquip purchase price allocation

Purchase price	$	173,806
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,039
Trade and other receivables		2,926
Other current assets		486
Property, plant and equipment		120
Other non-current assets		75
Deferred tax assets		8,932
Intangible assets		71,700
Liabilities assumed:
Trade and other liabilities		1,239
Deferred revenue		3,565
Other non-current liabilities		119
Deferred tax liabilities		18,192
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired		63,163
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	$	110,643

The deferred tax assets are presented net of a $1,486,000 valuation allowance. 

The following table summarizes the fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired:

	Fair value		Weighted average
Asset	at acquisition		amortization period
Customer relationships	$	50,700	4 - 15 years
Software and technology assets		18,900	7 years
Trade names and trademarks		1,000	3 years
Backlog		1,100	2 years
Total	$	71,700	11.3 years

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5.   Business combinations (continued)

SmartEquip purchase price allocation (continue)

The amounts included in the SmartEquip provisional purchase price allocation are preliminary in nature and are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed at the date of the acquisition. The final determination of the fair values of certain assets and liabilities will be completed within the measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date. Adjustments to the preliminary values during the measurement period may impact the amounts recorded as assets and liabilities with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill and will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined.

Goodwill

Goodwill has been assigned and allocated to “Other” for segmented information purposes and is based on an analysis of the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill relates to benefits expected from the acquisition of SmartEquip’s business, its assembled workforce and associated technical expertise, as well as anticipated synergies from applying the Company’s auction expertise and transactional capabilities to SmartEquip’s existing customer base. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

Transactions recognized separately from the acquisition of assets and assumptions of liabilities

At the date of acquisition, the Company issued 63,971 common shares to certain previous shareholders of SmartEquip in return for their continuing employment service. The common shares are expected to vest one third on each anniversary date of the acquisition over a three-year period as continuing employment services are provided to the Company. At the date of acquisition, the Company estimated that it will recognize a total fair value of $4,375,000 share-based continuing employment costs in acquisition-related costs over the vesting period, with an increase to additional paid-in capital, subject to continuing employment of those individuals. As and when the common shares vest, the Company will recognize the fair value of the issued common shares from additional paid-in capital to share capital (Note 19).

During the quarter ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded $1,175,000 acquisition-related costs for legal, advisory, integration and other professional fees, which included $659,000 of share-based continuing employment costs.

(b) Euro Auctions acquisition

On August 9, 2021, the Company entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement (“SPA”) pursuant to which it agreed to purchase Euro Auctions Limited, William Keys & Sons Holdings Limited, Equipment & Plant Services Ltd, and Equipment Sales Ltd. (collectively, “Euro Auctions”), each being a private limited company incorporated in Northern Ireland (the “Euro Auctions Acquisition”).

Under the terms of the SPA, the Company was to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Euro Auctions from their existing shareholders for approximately £775,000,000 (approximately $1.02 billion) cash consideration, to be paid on closing. The Euro Auctions acquisition is subject to regulatory clearances and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions, including obtaining of antitrust clearance in the United Kingdom. On March 4, 2022, the Company was notified that the United Kingdom Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) intended to refer the proposed acquisition to a Phase 2 review process. On April 29, 2022, the Company made a decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA. The SPA will automatically terminate on June 28, 2022. (Note 24). As a result of the Company’s decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA, the Company redeemed all of the 2021 Notes (as defined below) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the original offering price of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. (Note 17). The Company also terminated without cost its deal contingent forward currency contracts held to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations against the US and Canadian dollar on £343,000,000 of the £775,000,000 purchase consideration for the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. (Note 13).

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6.    Segmented information

The Company’s principal business activity is the management and disposition of used industrial equipment and other durable assets. The Company’s operations are comprised of one reportable segment and other business activities that are not reportable as follows:

● Auctions and Marketplaces – This is the Company’s only reportable segment, which consists of the Company’s live onsite auctions, its online auctions and marketplaces, and its brokerage service;

● Other includes the results of Ritchie Bros. Financial Services (“RBFS”), Rouse, Mascus online services, SmartEquip, and the results from various value-added services and make-ready activities, including the Company’s equipment refurbishment services, and Ritchie Bros. Logistical Services (“RB Logistics”).

	Three months ended March 31, 2022
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	—	$	116,375
Fees		84,629		43,857		128,486
Total service revenue		201,004		43,857		244,861
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		—		149,060
Total revenue	$	350,064	$	43,857	$	393,921
Costs of services		25,574		13,441		39,015
Cost of inventory sold		131,582		—		131,582
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")		108,811		17,795		126,606
Segment profit	$	84,097	$	12,621	$	96,718
Acquisition-related costs						9,637
Depreciation and amortization expenses ("D&A")						24,225
Foreign exchange gain						(164)
Total operating expenses					$	330,901
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment ("PPE")						169,820
Operating income					$	232,840
Interest expense						(20,686)
Change in fair value of derivatives						1,263
Other income, net						920
Income tax expense						(36,236)
Net income					$	178,101

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	103,975	$	—	$	103,975
Fees		68,096		33,959		102,055
Total service revenue		172,071		33,959		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		125,525		—		125,525
Total revenue	$	297,596	$	33,959	$	331,555
Costs of services		24,304		13,562		37,866
Cost of inventory sold		110,747		—		110,747
SG&A expenses		102,781		11,458		114,239
Segment profit	$	59,764	$	8,939	$	68,703
Acquisition-related costs						2,922
D&A expenses						21,070
Foreign exchange loss						277
Total operating expenses					$	287,121
Gain on disposition of PPE						68
Operating income					$	44,502
Interest expense						(8,946)
Other income, net						1,002
Income tax expense						(8,419)
Net income					$	28,139

Ritchie Bros. 10

6.    Segmented information (continued)

The Chief Operating Decision Maker “CODM” does not evaluate the performance of the Company’s operating segments or assess allocation of resources based on segment assets and liabilities, nor does the Company classify liabilities on a segmented basis.

The Company’s geographic breakdown of total revenue and location is as follows:

	United
Total revenue for the three months ended:	States		Canada		Australia		Europe		Other		Consolidated
March 31, 2022	$	247,950	$	65,233	$	29,075	$	37,820	$	13,843	$	393,921
March 31, 2021		207,414		48,478		19,563		47,176		8,924		331,555

7.    Revenue

The Company’s revenue from the rendering of services is as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	103,975
Fees		128,486		102,055
		244,861		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		125,525
	$	393,921	$	331,555

8.    Operating expenses

Costs of services

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Ancillary and logistical service expenses	$	10,755	$	12,269
Employee compensation expenses		15,921		14,530
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		3,854		2,701
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		5,172		4,518
Other costs of services		3,313		3,848
	$	39,015	$	37,866

SG&A expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Wages, salaries and benefits	$	77,487	$	76,957
Share-based compensation expense		5,386		3,778
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		20,086		17,343
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		7,974		5,162
Professional fees		9,747		5,032
Other SG&A expenses		5,926		5,967
	$	126,606	$	114,239

Ritchie Bros. 11

8.    Operating expenses (continued)

Acquisition-related costs

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SmartEquip:
Share-based continuing employment costs		659		—
Other acquisition-related costs		516		—
Euro Auctions:
Other acquisition-related costs		6,693		—
Rouse:
Share-based continuing employment costs		1,474		2,553
Other acquisition-related costs		295		369
	$	9,637	$	2,922

Depreciation and amortization expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Depreciation expense	$	7,746	$	7,837
Amortization expense		16,479		13,233
	$	24,225	$	21,070

9.    Income taxes

At the end of each interim period, the Company estimates the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. The estimate reflects, among other items, management’s best estimate of operating results. It does not include the estimated impact of foreign exchange rates or unusual and/or infrequent items, which may cause significant variations in the customary relationship between income tax expense and income before income taxes.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, income tax expense was $36,236,000, compared to an income tax expense of $8,419,000 for the same period in 2021. The effective tax rate was 17% in the first quarter of 2022, compared to 23% in the first quarter of 2021.

A lower tax rate was observed in Q1 2022 versus Q1 2021 primarily due to the non-taxable gain portion on the sale of a parcel of land including all buildings in Bolton, Ontario. In addition, there was a decrease in the estimate of non-deductible expenses and a write-off of a deferred tax asset upon departure of a management employee of Rouse in 2021 which did not reoccur.

Partially offsetting these decreases were a lower tax deduction for PSU and RSU share unit expenses that exceeded the related compensation expense and a greater estimated proportion of income taxed in jurisdictions with higher tax rates.

The Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”) is currently conducting an audit of the Company’s 2014, 2015, 2017, and 2018 taxation years. Management believes that the Company is in full compliance with Canadian tax laws. However, the CRA could challenge the manner in which the Company has filed its income tax returns and reported its income. In the event that the CRA challenges the manner in which the Company has filed its tax returns and reported its income, the Company will have the option to appeal any such decision. If the Company is not successful, however, the CRA audit could potentially result in additional income taxes, penalties, and interest, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Ritchie Bros. 12

10.    Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) attributable to stockholders was calculated by dividing the net income attributable to stockholders by the weighted average (“WA”) number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS attributable to stockholders was calculated by dividing the net income attributable to stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued. Potentially dilutive securities include unvested PSUs, unvested RSUs, and outstanding stock options. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, an increase in the fair market value of the Company’s common stock can result in a greater dilutive effect from potentially dilutive securities.

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2022	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	178,094	110,647,700	$	1.61
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	450,259		—
Stock options		—	557,902		(0.01)
Diluted	$	178,094	111,655,861	$	1.60

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2021	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	28,188	109,972,997	$	0.26
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	579,133		—
Stock options		—	715,262		(0.01)
Diluted	$	28,188	111,267,392	$	0.25

Ritchie Bros. 13

11.    Supplemental cash flow information

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Trade and other receivables	$	(142,307)	$	(160,435)
Inventory		23,238		12,420
Advances against auction contracts		(4,956)		(1,085)
Prepaid expenses and deposits		12,208		(2,569)
Income taxes receivable		368		(1,624)
Auction proceeds payable		244,965		304,261
Trade and other liabilities		(21,986)		(16,623)
Income taxes payable		19,499		(13,720)
Operating lease obligation		(2,718)		(2,274)
Other		390		(496)
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities	$	128,701	$	117,855

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized	$	19,152	$	14,914
Interest received		544		303
Net income taxes paid		4,067		23,681
Non-cash purchase of property, plant and equipment under finance lease		2,483		2,084
Non-cash right of use assets obtained (reassessed) in exchange for new lease obligations		4,679		6,234

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	440,120	$	326,113
Restricted cash
Current		150,203		102,875
Non-current		939,755		933,464
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,530,078	$	1,362,452

12.    Fair value measurement

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement or disclosure:

● Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at measurement date;

● Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

Ritchie Bros. 14

12.    Fair value measurement (continued)

		March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Carrying				Carrying
	Category	amount		Fair value		amount		Fair value
Fair values disclosed:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	440,120	$	440,120	$	326,113	$	326,113
Restricted cash	Level 1		1,089,958		1,089,958		1,036,339		1,036,339
Loans receivable	Level 2		7,278		7,278		7,267		7,267
Derivative financial assets
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		751		751
Forward currency contract	Level 2		576		576		—		—
Derivative financial liabilities
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		2,005		2,005
Short-term debt	Level 2		22,083		22,083		6,147		6,147
Long-term debt
Senior unsecured notes (as defined in Note 17)
2016 Notes	Level 1		494,973		507,188		494,531		508,125
2021 USD Notes	Level 2		597,397		589,500		598,052		625,125
2021 CAD Notes	Level 2		338,007		330,624		332,337		339,100
Term loan	Level 2		94,661		95,044		92,821		93,226
Long-term revolver loans	Level 2		56,946		57,000		219,699		219,772

The carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade and other receivables, advances against auction contracts, loan receivables maturing within a year, auction proceeds payable, trade and other payables, and short-term debt approximate their fair values due to their short terms to maturity. The fair value of the loan receivables with a maturity date greater than one year are determined by estimating discounted cash flows using market rates. The carrying values of the term loan and long-term revolver loan, before deduction of deferred debt issue costs, approximate their fair values as the interest rates on the loans is short-term in nature. The fair values of the senior unsecured notes are determined by reference to a quoted market price of the notes traded in an over-the-counter broker market.

The Company holds derivative financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair values of the deal contingent forward contracts are determined using a probability weighted mark to market valuation and observable Level 2 inputs, including foreign currency spot exchange rates, forward pricing curves, and an unobservable Level 3 input, the expected date of settlement. The change in the valuation of the derivatives due to the range of possible expected settlement dates is not significant to the financial statements. The fair value of the forward currency contract is determined using observable Level 2 inputs, including foreign currency spot exchange rates and forward pricing curves. The fair value considers the credit risk of the Company and its counterparties.

13. Derivative financial instruments

The Company’s derivative financial instruments are accounted for as derivatives under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and are classified in other current assets and other current liabilities. The Company has not applied hedge accounting to these instruments.

During the first quarter of 2022, the Company entered into a 30 day forward currency contract, for a notional amount of $60,000,000, designated to economically hedge the foreign currency exchange revaluation gains and losses that are recognized by its Canadian subsidiary on a specific monetary intercompany loan receivable denominated in US dollars. During the first quarter of 2022, a $576,000 gain was recognized for the change in fair value of the forward currency contract within foreign exchange loss (gain) in the consolidated income statement.

The Company also held two deal contingent foreign exchange forward currency contracts to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations against the US and Canadian dollar on £343,000,000 of the £775,000,000 purchase consideration for the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments are £216,000,000 (US dollar forward) and £127,000,000 (Canadian dollar forward). These forward contracts were terminated by the Company in April 2022 at no cost. During the first quarter of 2022, a $1,263,000 gain was recognized for the change in the fair value of the deal contingent foreign exchange currency contracts in the consolidated income statement. (Note 5b)

Ritchie Bros. 15

14. Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables are generally secured by the equipment that they relate to as it is Company policy that equipment is not released until payment has been collected. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for expected credit losses for the period ended March 31, 2022:

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	(4,396)
Current period provision		(223)
Write-offs charged against the allowance		280
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	(4,339)

15.    Other current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Advances against auction contracts	$	8,974	$	4,102
Assets held for sale		10,830		17,538
Prepaid expenses and deposits		30,319		41,955
Derivative financial asset		576		751
	$	50,699	$	64,346

Assets held for sale

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	17,538
Reclassified from property, plant and equipment		359
Disposal		(7,067)
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	10,830

On March 17, 2022, the Company completed the sale and leaseback of a parcel of land including all buildings, in Bolton, Ontario, for a total sale consideration of $208,195,000 Canadian dollars (approximately $165 million) net of closing and transaction costs, and recognized a gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment of $169,092,000. The net book value of the Bolton property was $7,067,000. The payments for the lease were not considered to be at market rates given an initial two year rent free period and, accordingly, the Company adjusted the sales proceeds and the gain to fair value. The Bolton property continues to be used for auction operations under the operating leaseback agreement until the completion of the acquisition and development of a replacement property located in Amaranth, Ontario. (Note 21)

As at December 31, 2021, the Company also classified vacant land in Casa Grande, Arizona with a net book value of $10,500,000 as an asset held for sale.

16.    Other non-current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Right-of-use assets	$	128,796	$	114,414
Tax receivable		10,747		10,289
Loans receivable		817		—
Deferred debt issue costs		5,147		5,236
Other		12,367		12,565
	$	157,874	$	142,504

The Company recognized a ROU asset of $16,587,000 as a result of the sale and leaseback transaction on the Bolton property (Note 15 and 21).

Ritchie Bros. 16

16.    Other non-current assets (continued)

Loans receivable

As at March 31, 2022, the Company held three financing lending arrangements that are fully collateralized and secured by certain equipment. These financing lending arrangements have a term of one to four years. In the event of default under these agreements, the Company will take possession of the equipment as collateral to recover its loans receivable balance. The loans receivable balance as at March 31, 2022 was $7,278,000, of which $6,461,000 is recorded in trade and other receivables and $817,000 in non-current loans receivable (December 31, 2021: $7,267,000, of which $7,267,000 was recorded in trade and other receivables and nil in non-current loans receivable). The expected credit loss allowance is not significant.

17.    Debt

	Carrying amount
	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Short-term debt	$	22,083	$	6,147
Long-term debt:
Revolving facilities and delayed-draw term loan facility:
Delayed-draw term loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.30%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		95,044		93,283
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		46,206
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		56,492
Long-term revolver loan denominated in U.S. dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 1.89%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		57,000		117,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(437)		(463)
Senior unsecured notes:
Bearing interest at 5.375% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in January 2025 (the "2016 Notes")		500,000		500,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(5,027)		(5,469)
Bearing interest at 4.75% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2031 (the "2021 USD Notes")		600,000		600,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(2,603)		(1,948)
Bearing interest at 4.95% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2029 (the "2021 CAD Notes")		339,755		333,464
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(1,748)		(1,127)
Total long-term debt		1,581,984		1,737,438
Total debt	$	1,604,067	$	1,743,585
Long-term debt:
Current portion	$	3,564	$	3,498
Non-current portion		1,578,420		1,733,940
Total long-term debt	$	1,581,984	$	1,737,438

As at March 31, 2022, the Company had unused committed revolving credit facilities aggregating $662,519,000 that are available until September 2026 subject to certain covenant restrictions, unused uncommitted revolving credit facilities aggregating $5,000,000 that are available until October 2023, and unused uncommitted revolving credit facilities aggregating $5,000,000 with no maturity date. The Company was in compliance with all financial and other covenants applicable to the credit facilities at March 31, 2022.

Ritchie Bros. 17

17.    Debt (continued)

Short-term debt

Short-term debt is comprised of drawings in different currencies on the Company’s committed revolving credit facilities and has a weighted average interest rate of 2.3% (December 31, 2021: 1.8%).

Long-term debt

a) Revolving facilities and delayed-draw term loan facility

During 2016, the Company entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders. The credit agreement is comprised of multicurrency revolving facilities (the “Revolving Facilities”) and a delayed-draw term loan facility (the “DDTL Facility”, together with the Revolving Facilities, the “Facilities”). The credit agreement has been most recently amended in September 2021, which, among other things i) extended the maturity date of the Facilities from October 27, 2023 to September 21, 2026, (ii) increased the total size of the Facilities provided under the Credit Agreement to up to $1,045,000,000, including $295,000,000 of commitments under the DDTL Facility, (iii) reduced the applicable margin for base rate loans and LIBOR loans at each pricing tier level, (iv) reduced the applicable percentage per annum used to calculate the commitment fee in respect of the unused commitments under the Facilities at each pricing tier level, and (v) included customary provisions to provide for the eventual replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate.

Immediately prior to the amendment, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the DDTL Facility was $90,000,000 ($118,889,995 Canadian dollars). In connection with the amendment, the Company refinanced that amount with the proceeds from a borrowing under the DDTL Facility. There are no mandatory principal repayments of borrowings under the DDTL Facility until the earlier of when the remaining $205,000,000 is drawn or Q3 2022. The remaining DDTL Facility commitment is available to be drawn until June 28, 2022. Once principal payments become mandatory, they are subject to an annual amortization rate of 5%, payable in quarterly installments, with the balance payable at maturity.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had unamortized deferred debt issue costs relating to the Facilities of $5,584,000.

b) Senior unsecured notes

2016 Notes

On December 21, 2016, the Company completed the offering of $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2025 (the “2016 Notes”). Interest on the 2016 Notes is payable semi-annually. The 2016 Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on an unsecured basis, subject to certain exceptions, by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. IronPlanet, Rouse, SmartEquip, and certain of their respective subsidiaries were added as additional guarantors in connection with the acquisitions of IronPlanet, Rouse and SmartEquip, respectively.

2021 Notes

On December 21, 2021, the Company completed the offering of two series of senior notes: (i) $600,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 4.750% senior notes due December 15, 2031 (the “2021 USD Notes”) and (ii) $425,000,000 Canadian dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.950% senior notes due December 15, 2029 ( the “2021 CAD Notes”, and together with the 2021 USD Notes, the “2021 Notes”).

The gross proceeds from the 2021 Notes offering together with certain additional amounts including prepaid interest were placed into escrow accounts and were expected to be held in escrow until the completion of the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. As of March 31, 2022, the 2021 Notes are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in non-current restricted cash and included in long term debt. As a result of the Company’s decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA, effective as of May 4, 2022, the Company redeemed all of the outstanding 2021 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the original offering price of the 2021 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. (Note 5(b) and Note 24).

Ritchie Bros. 18

17.    Debt (continued)

(b) Senior unsecured notes (continued)

2021 Notes (continued)

The Company intended to use the net proceeds from the offering of the 2021 Notes, together with proceeds from its DDTL Facility, to fund the consideration payable of the Euro Auctions Acquisition and any related fees and expenses.

The Company has incurred total debt issuance costs of $2,663,000 in connection with the offering of the 2021 USD Notes, and $1,779,000 in connection with the offering of the 2021 CAD Notes. Additionally, as a result of the Company’s decision to discontinue the Phase 2 review by the CMA, the Company will not be required to pay fees of approximately $10,000,000 to Goldman Sachs Bank USA Bank and certain other financial institutions, which was due when the proceeds were to be released from escrow to finance the Euro Auctions Acquisition.

18.    Other non-current liabilities

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease liability	$	112,892	$	109,882
Tax payable		19,209		18,859
Finance lease liability		13,747		13,983
Other		4,257		4,536
	$	150,105	$	147,260

19.    Equity and dividends

Share capital

Common stock

Unlimited number of common shares, without par value.

Preferred stock

Unlimited number of senior preferred shares, without par value, issuable in series.

Unlimited number of junior preferred shares, without par value, issuable in series.

All issued shares are fully paid. No preferred shares have been issued.

Shares issued for business combinations

The Company has issued the following common shares in connection with the acquisitions of Rouse and SmartEquip. These shares were issued to certain previous unitholders and shareholders of Rouse and SmartEquip, based on the fair market value of the Company’s common shares at the acquisition date. The Company records share-based continuing employment costs in acquisition-related costs over the vesting period, with an increase to additional paid-in capital. The vesting of shares issued for business combinations is subject to continuing employment with the Company over various dates over a three year period from their respective acquisition dates. As and when the common shares vest, the Company will recognize the fair value of the issued common shares from additional paid-in capital to share capital.

Ritchie Bros. 19

19.    Equity and dividends (continued)

Shares issued for business combinations (continued)

	Rouse			SmartEquip			Total
								Weighted average
	Common	Fair value		Common	Fair value		Common	fair value
	shares	per common		shares	per common		shares	per common
	issued	shares		issued	shares		issued	shares
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	—		—	—		—	—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	312,193	$	71.09	—	$	—	312,193	$	71.09
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	(55,510)		71.09	—		—	(55,510)		71.09
Outstanding, March 31, 2021	256,683	$	71.09	—	$	—	256,683	$	71.09

As at March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share-based continuing employment cost was $8,600,026 (2021: $14,576,000), which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years.

Share repurchase

There were no common shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2022 (three months ended March 31, 2021: nil).

Dividends

Declared and paid

The Company declared and paid the following dividends during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

		Dividend			Total
	Declaration date	per share		Record date	dividends		Payment date
Fourth quarter 2021	January 21, 2022	$	0.2500	February 11, 2022	$	27,659	March 4, 2022
Fourth quarter 2020	January 22, 2021	$	0.2200	February 12, 2021	$	24,181	March 5, 2021

Declared and undistributed

Subsequent to March 31, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.25 cents per common share, payable on June 17, 2022 to stockholders of record on May 27, 2022. This dividend payable has not been recognized as a liability in the financial statements. The payment of this dividend will not have any tax consequences for the Company.

Foreign currency translation reserve

Foreign currency translation adjustments within other comprehensive income include intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term investment nature, which generated a net loss of $884,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 (2021: net loss of $3,654,000).

Ritchie Bros. 20

20.    Share-based payments

Share-based payments consist of the following compensation costs:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SG&A expenses:
Stock option compensation expense	$	2,567	$	1,861
Equity-classified share units		2,890		3,153
Liability-classified share units		(756)		(1,915)
Employee share purchase plan - employer contributions		685		679
		5,386		3,778
Acquisition-related costs:
Share-based continuing employment costs		2,133		2,553
		2,133		2,553
	$	7,519	$	6,331

Stock option plans

The Company has the following three stock option plans that provide for the award of stock options and premium-priced stock options to selected employees, directors, and officers of the Company: a) Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, b) IronPlanet 1999 Stock Plan, and c) IronPlanet 2015 Stock Plan.

Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is presented below:

	Stock options							Premium-priced stock options
				WA							WA
	Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate		Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate
	shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic		shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic
	option	price		life (in years)		value		option	price		life (in years)		value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	2,208,057		42.55		7.7		41,884	1,017,064		91.24		5.7		—
Granted	629,877		57.70		—		—	—		—		—		—
Exercised	(25,942)		38.01		—		573	—		—		—		—
Forfeited	(6,255)		43.02		—		—	(9,576)		90.93		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	2,805,737		45.99		8.0		37,437	1,007,488		91.24		5.4		—
Exercisable, March 31, 2022	1,338,173		37.19		6.7		29,251	1,192		90.93		5.6		—

Stock options

The Company uses the Black Scholes option pricing model to fair value stock options. Significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Risk free interest rate	2.1	%	0.5	%
Expected dividend yield	1.75	%	1.66	%
Expected lives of the stock options	4	years	4	years
Expected volatility	31.7	%	32.3	%

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the non-vested stock options was $13,210,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

Ritchie Bros. 21

20.    Share-based payments (continued)

Premium-priced stock options

The Company also grants premium-priced stock options to the senior executives with exercise prices above the fair market value of the Company’s common shares on grant dates. The premium-priced stock options vest and become exercisable upon the third anniversary of their grant date and expire on the sixth anniversary of their grant date. The fair values of the premium-priced stock options were calculated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation model. There were no premium-priced stock options granted during the three month period ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the premium-priced stock options was $7,063,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years.

Share unit plans

Share unit activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is presented below:

	Equity-classified awards									Liability-classified awards
	PSUs			PSUs with Market Conditions			RSUs			DSUs
		WA grant			WA grant			WA grant				WA grant
		date fair			date fair			date fair				date fair
	Number	value		Number	value		Number	value			Number	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	523,618	$	45.90	88,305	$	65.45	79,112	$	54.96		156,589	$	35.28
Granted	151,873		57.52	—		—	33,440		57.67		5,966		54.27
Vested and settled	(93,241)		36.42	—		—	(21,221)		46.43		—		—
Forfeited	(1,165)		50.35	—		—	(866)		54.15		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	581,085	$	50.45	88,305	$	65.45	90,465	$	57.97		162,555	$	35.97

The total market value of liability-classified share units vested and released during the first three months of 2022 was nil (December 31, 2021: nil).

Senior executive and employee PSU plans

The Company grants PSUs under a senior executive PSU plan and an employee PSU plan (the “PSU Plans”). Under the PSU Plans, the number of PSUs that vest is conditional upon specified market, service, and/or performance vesting conditions being met. The PSU Plans allow the Company to choose whether to settle the awards in cash or in shares. The Company intends to settle by issuance of shares. With respect to settling in shares, the Company has the option to either (i) arrange for the purchase of shares on the open market on the employee’s behalf based on the cash value that otherwise would be delivered, or (ii) issue a number of shares equal to the number of units that vest.

Fair values of equity-classified PSUs are estimated on grant date using the market close price of the Company's common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange, as these are not subject to market vesting conditions.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified PSU’s was $17,735,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

Ritchie Bros. 22

20.    Share-based payments (continued)

PSUs with market conditions

The Company also grants PSUs to senior executives with a market condition where vesting is conditional upon the total stockholder return performance of the Company’s stock relative to the performance of a peer group over a three year performance period from the date of grant.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified PSUs with market conditions was $4,555,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.

RSUs

The Company has RSU plans that are equity-settled and not subject to market vesting conditions.

Fair values of RSUs are estimated on grant date using the market close price of the Company's common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified RSUs was $3,636,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

DSUs

The Company has DSU plans that are cash-settled and not subject to market vesting conditions.

Fair values of DSUs are estimated on grant date and at each reporting date using the market close price of the Company’s common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange. DSUs are granted under the DSU plan to members of the Board of Directors. There is no unrecognized share unit expense related to liability-classified DSUs as they vest immediately and are expensed upon grant.

At March 31, 2022, the Company had a total share unit liability of $9,596,000 (December 31, 2021: $10,056,000) in respect of share units under the DSU plans.

Employee share purchase plan

The Company has an employee share purchase plan that allows all employees that have completed two months of service to contribute funds to purchase common shares at the current market value at the time of share purchase. Employees may contribute up to 4% of their salary. The Company will match between 50% and 100% of the employee’s contributions, depending on the employee’s length of service with the Company.

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21.    Leases

The Company enters into commercial leases for various auctions sites and offices, the majority of which are non-cancellable, and additional operating leases for computer equipment, motor vehicles and small office equipment. The majority of the Company’s operating leases have a fixed term with a remaining life between one month and 18 years, with renewal options included in the contracts. The leases have varying contract terms, escalation clauses and renewal options.

The Company also enters into finance lease arrangements for certain vehicles, computer and yard equipment and office furniture, the majority of these leases have a fixed term with a remaining life of one month to six years with renewal options included in the contracts.

On March 17, 2022, the Company completed the sale and leaseback of its Bolton Property, a parcel of land including all buildings, in Bolton, Ontario (Note 15). The Company intends to lease the Bolton property for a period of 28 months until such time that the replacement property is available for the relocation of the Company’s operations. The lease has an initial rent-free period of two years and an option to renew the lease for two additional one-year periods, during which time the lease is cancellable at one month’s notice. Upon completion of the sale, the Company recorded a $16,587,000 ROU asset representing the right of use of the Bolton property for the estimated lease term and a $4,477,000 long term lease liability representing the obligation to make lease payments arising from the operating lease at the end of the initial two-year period.

The Company’s breakdown of lease expense is as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease cost	$	4,711	$	4,600
Finance lease cost
Amortization of leased assets		2,632		2,588
Interest on lease liabilities		174		221
Short-term lease cost		3,463		2,661
Sublease income		—		(15)
	$	10,980	$	10,055

22.    Commitments

Commitment for inventory purchases

The Company was awarded two new contracts with the U.S. Government Defense Logistics Agency (the “DLA”) on April 1, 2021. The new contracts (one for the Eastern portion of the United States and one for the Western portion of the United States) cover both surplus non-rolling and rolling stock. Both contracts commenced on June 1, 2021 and have a base term of two years with three one-year renewal options. 

During the first two years of the contracts, the Company is committed to purchase on a combined basis up to either: (i) 600,000 assets, or (ii) assets with an expected minimum value of up to $77,000,000; whichever is less. As at March 31, 2022, the Company has purchased 196,412 assets with a total value of $38,137,000 pursuant to the two year period of this contract, which commenced on June 1, 2021.

23.    Contingencies

Legal and other claims

The Company is subject to legal and other claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the results of these claims will have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet or consolidated income statement.

Guarantee contracts

In the normal course of business, the Company will in certain situations guarantee to a consignor a minimum level of proceeds in connection with the sale at auction of that consignor’s equipment.

At March 31, 2022, there were $70,163,000 of assets guaranteed under contract, of which 94% is expected to be sold prior to June 30, 2022, with the remainder to be sold by December 31, 2022 (December 31, 2021: $43,450,000 of which 61% was expected to be sold prior to the end of March 31, 2022 with the remainder to be sold by December 31, 2022).

The outstanding guarantee amounts are undiscounted and before estimated proceeds from sale at auction.

Ritchie Bros. 24

24. Subsequent events

The Company notified the CMA of its decision to discontinue the Phase 2 review on April 29, 2022 in relation to the proposed Euro Auctions acquisition (Note 5(b)) and, accordingly, redeemed all of its 2021 Notes held in escrow effective as of May 4, 2022 (Note 17b) and terminated its deal contingent forward contracts in April 2022. (Note 13).

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ITEM 2:      MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

Forward-looking statements may appear throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including the following section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by such words as “aim”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “could”, “continue”, “estimate”, “expect”, “intend”, “may”, “ongoing”, “plan”, “potential”, “predict”, “will”, “should”, “would”, “could”, “likely”, “generally”, “future”, “long-term”, or the negative of these terms, and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are based on current expectations and assumptions that are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results to differ materially, and include, among others, statements relating to:

● our future strategy, objectives, targets, projections and performance;

● potential growth and market opportunities;

● potential future mergers and acquisitions;

● our ability to integrate potential acquisitions;

● the impact of our new initiatives, services, investments, and acquisitions on us and our customers;

● our future capital expenditures and returns on those expenditures; and

● financing available to us from our credit facilities or other sources, our ability to refinance borrowings, and the sufficiency of our working capital to meet our financial needs.

While we have not described all potential risks related to our business and owning our common shares, the important factors discussed in “Part II, Item 1A: Risk Factors” of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in “Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which is available on our website at www.rbauction.com, on EDGAR at www.sec.gov, or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, are among those that we consider may affect our performance materially or could cause our actual financial and operational results to differ significantly from our expectations. Except as required by applicable securities law and regulations of relevant securities exchanges, we do not intend to update publicly any forward-looking statements, even if our expectations have been affected by new information, future events or other developments.

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). Except for Gross Transaction Value (“GTV”)¹, which is a measure of operational performance and not a measure of financial performance, liquidity, or revenue, the amounts discussed below are based on our consolidated financial statements. Unless indicated otherwise, all tabular dollar amounts, including related footnotes, presented below are expressed in thousands of United States (“US”) dollars.

In the accompanying analysis of financial information, we sometimes use information derived from consolidated financial data but not presented in our financial statements prepared in accordance with US GAAP. Certain of these data are considered “non-GAAP financial measures” under the SEC rules. The definitions of and reasons we use these non-GAAP financial measures and the reconciliations to their most directly comparable US GAAP financial measures are included either with the first use thereof or in the Non-GAAP Measures section within the Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. Non-GAAP financial measures referred to in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are labeled as “non-GAAP measure” or designated as such with an asterisk (*). Please see pages 50-52 for explanations of why we use these non-GAAP measures and the reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP financial measures.

Overview

Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (“Ritchie Bros.”, the “Company”, “we”, or “us”) (NYSE & TSX: RBA) was founded in 1958 in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada and is a world leader in asset management technologies and disposition of commercial assets, selling $5.5 billion of used equipment and other assets during 2021. Our expertise, unprecedented global reach, market insights, and trusted portfolio of brands provide us with a unique position within the used equipment market.

¹  GTV represents total proceeds from all items sold at our auctions and online marketplaces. GTV is not a measure of financial performance, liquidity, or revenue, and is not presented in our consolidated financial statements.

Ritchie Bros. 26

Through our unreserved auctions, online marketplaces, listings, and private brokerage services, we sell a broad range of primarily used commercial and industrial assets as well as government surplus. Construction and transportation assets comprise the majority of the equipment sold by GTV dollar value. Customers selling equipment through our sales channels include end users (such as construction companies), equipment dealers, original equipment manufacturers (“OEMs”) and other equipment owners (such as rental companies). Our customers participate in a variety of sectors, including construction, transportation, agriculture, energy, and natural resources.

We also provide our customers with a wide array of value added services aligned with our growth strategy to create a global marketplace for used equipment services and solutions. Our other services include equipment financing, asset appraisals and inspections, online equipment listing, logistical services, and ancillary services such as equipment refurbishment. We offer our customers asset technology solutions to manage the end to end disposition process of their assets and provide market data intelligence to make more accurate and reliable business decisions. Additionally, we offer our customers an innovative technology platform that supports equipment lifecycle management and parts procurement integration with both original equipment manufacturers and dealers, as well as software as a service platform for end-to-end parts procurement and digital catalogs and diagrams.

We operate globally with locations in 12 countries, including the U.S., Canada, the Netherlands, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates, and maintain a presence in 48 countries where customers are able to sell from their own yards. In addition, we employ more than 2,700 full-time employees worldwide.

Acquisition of Euro Auctions

On August 9, 2021, we entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement (“SPA”) pursuant to which we agreed to purchase Euro Auctions Limited, William Keys & Sons Holdings Limited, Equipment & Plant Services Ltd, and Equipment Sales Ltd. (collectively, “Euro Auctions”), each being a private limited company incorporated in Northern Ireland (the “Euro Auctions Acquisition”), for a purchase price of approximately £775 million (approximately $1.02 billion) in cash, to be paid on closing.

On March 4, 2022, we announced that the United Kingdom’s Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) intends to refer the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions to a Phase 2 review process. On April 29, 2022, the Company announced its decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA. The SPA will automatically terminate on June 28, 2022.

On December 21, 2021, the Company completed its offering of two series of senior unsecured notes for approximately $935.0 million aggregate principal. The Company intended to use the net proceeds from the offering of the two series of senior unsecured notes, together with proceeds from our delayed-draw term loan and, on an as-needed basis, cash on hand available or borrowings under our revolving facilities to fund the consideration payable of the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions. As a result of the Company’s decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA, the Company redeemed all of its senior unsecured notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the original offering price of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. On December 23, 2021, the Company had entered into two deal contingent foreign exchange forward currency contracts, with no upfront cash cost, to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations against the U.S. and Canadian dollar on £343.0 million of the £775.0 million purchase consideration for the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. These forward contracts were terminated by the Company in April 2022 at no cost.

Impact of COVID-19 to our Business

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 a global pandemic (“COVID-19”).

In response, we transitioned all of our traditional live onsite auctions to online bidding utilizing our existing online bidding technology. As restrictions ease, we have begun to return to in-person attendances at our live onsite auctions, which included our flagship Orlando, Florida event in Q1 2022. We will continue to consider a gradual transition back to some measure of in-person attendance at certain other onsite auction events. The health and welfare of our employees, customers and suppliers continues to be a top priority and we continue to operate with precautionary measures in place, as appropriate.

In Q1 2022, our ability to move equipment to and from our auction sites and across borders has improved with travel restrictions and quarantine requirements continuing to lift particularly in Australia and Europe, but with parts of Asia experiencing renewed lockdowns. In the United States and Canada, COVID-19 has not materially impacted our ability to operate our businesses and move equipment. Globally, we continued to see surges in shipping and freight costs combined with extended lead times, making transportation of equipment both more costly and more challenging, negatively impacting the buying and selling behaviour of our customers. Additionally, COVID-19 in combination with various macro economic factors impacted the supply chains of new equipment production, which in turn negatively affected the supply of used equipment being sold throughout our regions, most predominantly in North America.

Ritchie Bros. 27

For a further discussion of risks to our business and operating results arising from COVID-19, please refer to the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Impact of Russia-Ukraine conflict on our Business

On February 24, 2022, the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe intensified with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, sharply affecting economic and global financial markets. Subsequent economic sanctions on Russia have exacerbated ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as rising inflation, global supply chain disruption and increase in fuel prices.

The rise in fuel cost has impacted us to some extent due to the surge in transportation costs which has impacted both the cost and timing of export and import of equipment between countries globally and contributed to an increase in operating costs of our equipment in our operations. Increases in commodity prices may also result in an acceleration of a slowdown in the economy, especially in Europe, where historically, the Eastern European countries have contributed to importing and exporting equipment for our operations.

We do not have any operations in Russia or Ukraine, or any material operations in neighboring countries and only have a limited number of direct customers in the effected region. However, we cannot estimate the extent of the ongoing impacts of the conflict, other unforeseen conditions, future developments, including the continued evolvement of military activity and sanctions imposed with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, which could adversely affect the domestic economy generally and our business specifically.

Service Offerings

We offer our equipment seller and buyer customers multiple distinct, complementary, multi-channel brand solutions that address the range of their needs. Our global customer base has a variety of transaction options, breadth of services, and the widest selection of used equipment available to them. For a complete listing of channels and brand solutions available under our Auctions & Marketplace ("A&M") segment, as well as our Other Services segment, please refer to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which is available on our website at www.rbauction.com, on EDGAR at www.sec.gov, or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

Contract options

We offer consignors several contract options to meet their individual needs and sale objectives. Through our A&M business, options include:

● Straight commission contracts, where the consignor receives the gross proceeds from the sale less a pre-negotiated commission rate;

● Guarantee contracts, where the consignor receives a guaranteed minimum amount plus an additional amount if proceeds exceed a specified level; and

● Inventory contracts, where we purchase, take custody, and hold used equipment and other assets before they are resold in the ordinary course of business.

We collectively refer to guarantee and inventory contracts as underwritten or “at-risk” contracts.

Value-added services

● We also provide a wide array of value-added services to make the process of selling and buying equipment convenient for our customers, including repair and refurbishment services, financial services through Ritchie Bros. Financial Services (“RBFS”), logistical services through RB Logistics, end-to-end asset management and disposition services through RB Asset Solutions, as well as other services such as appraisals, insights, data intelligence and performance benchmarking solutions. We offer equipment listing services under the RitchieList brand in North America and Mascus brand in Europe to make private selling more efficient and safe for customers, including a secure transaction management service, complete with invoicing. We also provide an innovative technology platform that supports customers' management of the equipment lifecycle and integrates parts procurement with both original equipment manufacturers and dealers.

Seasonality

Our GTV and associated A&M segment revenues are affected by the seasonal nature of our business. GTV and A&M segment revenues tend to increase during the second and fourth calendar quarters, during which time we generally conduct more business than in the first and third calendar quarters. Given the operating leverage inherent in our business model, the second and fourth quarter also tend to produce higher operating margins, given the higher volume and revenue generated in those quarters.

Ritchie Bros. 28

Revenue Mix Fluctuations

Our revenue is comprised of service revenue and inventory sales revenue. Service revenue from A&M segment activities includes commissions earned at our auctions, online marketplaces, and private brokerage services, and various auction-related fees, including listing and buyer transaction fees. We also recognize revenues from our Other Segment as fees within service revenue. Inventory sales revenue is recognized as part of our A&M activities and relates to revenues earned through our inventory contracts.

Inventory sales revenue can fluctuate significantly, as it changes based on whether our customers sell using a straight or guarantee commission contract, or an inventory contract at time of selling. Straight or guarantee commission contracts will result in the commission being recognized as service revenue, while inventory contracts will result in the gross transaction value of the equipment sold being recorded as inventory sales revenue with the related cost recognized in cost of inventory sold. As a result, a change in the revenue mix between service revenues and revenue from inventory sales can have a significant impact on revenue growth percentages.

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Performance Overview

Net income attributable to stockholders increased 532% to $178.1 million, compared to $28.2 million in Q1 2021, which includes a $169.1 million gain on property, plant and equipment for the sale of a property located in Bolton, Ontario. Diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) attributable to stockholders increased 540% to $1.60 per share in Q1 2022 as compared to $0.25 per share in Q1 2021. Non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders* increased 44% to $0.46 per share in Q1 2022 compared to $0.32 per share in Q1 2021.

For the first quarter of 2022 as compared to the first quarter of 2021:

Consolidated results:

● Total revenue in Q1 2022 increased 19% to $393.9 million

o Service revenue in Q1 2022 increased 19% to $244.9 million

o Inventory sales revenue in Q1 2022 increased 19% to $149.1 million

● Gain on property, plant and equipment in Q1 2022 was $169.1 million due to a sale of property located in Bolton, Ontario

● Operating income in Q1 2022 increased 423% to $232.8 million

● Non-GAAP adjusted operating income* in Q1 2022 increased 54% to $88.9 million

● Net income in Q1 2022 increased 533% to $178.1 million

● Non-GAAP adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization* (“EBITDA) in Q1 2022 increased 44% to $104.9 million

● Cash provided by operating activities was $185.1 million for the first three months of 2022

● Cash on hand at the end of Q1 2022 was $1.5 billion, of which $440.1 million was unrestricted and $939.8 million was restricted relating to our two senior notes entered into in December 2021 to finance the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition, and the remainder is restricted for use

Auctions & Marketplaces segment results:

● GTV in Q1 2022 increased 13% to $1.4 billion and increased 14% when excluding the impact of foreign exchange

● A&M total revenue in Q1 2022 increased 18% to $350.1 million

o Service revenue in Q1 2022 increased 17% to $201.0 million

o Inventory sales revenue in Q1 2022 increased 19% to $149.1 million

Other Services segment results:

● Other Services total revenue in Q1 2022 increased 29% to $43.9 million

o RBFS revenue in Q1 2022 increased 71% to $15.7 million

o SmartEquip revenue of $4.7 million was recognized in Q1 2022, which was its first full quarter since its acquisition on November 2, 2021

In addition, the total number of organizations activated on our Business Inventory Management System (“IMS”), a gateway into our marketplace, increased by 103% as compared to Q4 2021.

Other Company developments:

● On April 29, 2022, the Company announced that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the UK Competition and Markets Authority in connection with the proposed Euro Auctions acquisition. The Sale and Purchase Agreement dated August 9, 2021 pursuant to which the Company had agreed to purchase Euro Auctions Limited, William Keys & Sons Holdings Limited, Equipment & Plant Services Ltd and Equipment Sales Ltd. will automatically terminate on June 28, 2022. The Company has also redeemed all of its senior notes issued in 2021 in early May 2022.

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Results of Operations

Financial overview

	Three months ended March 31,
							% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except EPS and percentages)	2022			2021			2022 over 2021
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375		$	103,975			12	%
Fees		128,486			102,055			26	%
Total service revenue		244,861			206,030			19	%
Inventory sales revenue		149,060			125,525			19	%
Total revenue		393,921			331,555			19	%
Costs of services		39,015			37,866			3	%
Cost of inventory sold		131,582			110,747			19	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses		126,606			114,239			11	%
Total operating expenses		330,901			287,121			15	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		169,820			68			249,635	%
Operating income		232,840			44,502			423	%
Operating income as a % of total revenue		59.1	%		13.4	%		4570	bps
Non-GAAP adjusted operating income*		88,860			57,775			54	%
Non-GAAP adjusted operating income* as a % of total revenue		22.6	%		17.4	%		520	bps
Net income attributable to stockholders		178,094			28,188			532	%
Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders*		50,963			35,995			42	%
Diluted earnings per share attributable to stockholders	$	1.60		$	0.25			540	%
Non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders*	$	0.46		$	0.32			44	%
Effective tax rate		16.9	%		23.0	%		(610)	bps
Total GTV		1,439,105			1,274,539			13	%
Service GTV		1,290,045			1,149,014			12	%
Service revenue as a % of total GTV		17.0	%		16.2	%		80	bps
Inventory GTV		149,060			125,525			19	%
Service GTV as a % of total GTV - Mix		89.6	%		90.2	%		(60)	bps
Inventory sales revenue as a % of total GTV - Mix		10.4	%		9.8	%		60	bps

Certain amounts in the prior period have been reclassified from selling, general and administrative expenses to cost of services, refer to note 2(a) of the consolidated financial statements

Total GTV

Total GTV increased 13% to $1.4 billion in Q1 2022 and increased 14% when excluding the impact of foreign exchange.

In Q1 2022, despite a continued unfavorable supply environment, GTV increased year-over-year across all regions with notable strength in North America and sector strength in construction and transportation. The increase in GTV was due to strong used equipment values, aided by inflation, partially offset by lower lot counts and unfavorable mix. In Canada, GTV volume increases were primarily driven by higher performances at our agricultural events as well as strong execution by our Canadian strategic accounts team. Canada also saw increases in volumes from the shift of our Truro, Nova Scotia auction from Q2 2021 to Q1 2022, positive year-over year performance in our Montreal, Quebec auction and a new Prince Rupert, British Columbia auction. In addition, Canada benefited from significant volume increases in RBFS from providing escrow services for private brokered transactions. In the US, we saw a large dispersal of construction equipment in our Phoenix, Arizona auction, as well as positive year-over year performances, notably at our flagship Orlando, Florida event where we welcomed customers back in person, and at our Las Vegas, Nevada event. These increases were partially offset by a lower supply of equipment from our US strategic accounts in the finance and rental sectors and softer performances in our regional combined events. In International, the increase in GTV volume was primarily in Australia driven by the addition of one new event in Corio, Victoria as well as two agricultural events, the use of local satellite yards and the lifting of border restrictions.

Ritchie Bros. 31

Total revenue

Total revenue increased 19% to $393.9 million in Q1 2022, with total service revenue increasing by 19% and inventory sales revenue increasing by 19%.

Service Revenue

In Q1 2022, total service revenue increased 19% with fees revenue increasing 26% and commissions revenue increasing 12%. Service revenues comprise commissions that are earned on Service GTV, and Fees which are earned on total GTV as well as from our other services such as Ancillary Services, RBFS, Rouse, Mascus, RB Logistics, RB Asset Solutions and SmartEquip.

Service GTV increased 12% to $1.3 billion across all regions. The increase was in line with total GTV mentioned above.

Fees revenue increased 26%, primarily due to the increase in total GTV of 13%. Fees revenue also increased due to higher buyer fee rates implemented in 2021 and early 2022. The remaining increase in fees revenue is driven from the growth in our services in the Other Segment as a result of higher funded volumes in RBFS and the inclusion of fees from SmartEquip since its acquisition on November 2, 2021. These increases were partially offset by reduced mix of small value lots across all regions, as well as lower fees from a decrease in lot volumes and from our ancillary services, most notably in the US. We also saw lower fees associated with online inspections driven by lower online lot counts sold in the US.

Commissions revenue increased 12%, in line with the increase in Service GTV of 12%.

Inventory Sales Revenue

Inventory sales revenue as a percentage of total GTV increased to 10.4% from 9.8% in Q1 2022.

In Q1 2022, inventory sales revenue increased 19% primarily in the US and International, with Canada remaining flat. In the US, we saw a large inventory package dispersal of construction equipment in our Phoenix, Arizona auction and higher volumes sold through our GovPlanet business, partially offset by a lower volume of inventory contracts in our Orlando, Florida and Atlanta, Georgia events. In International, inventory sales revenue grew in Australia primarily due to higher inventory contracts driven by the addition of a new event as well as two agricultural events and the use of local satellite yards.

Underwritten Contracts

We offer our customers the opportunity to use underwritten commission contracts to serve their disposition strategy needs, entering into such contracts where the risk and reward profile of the terms are agreeable. Our underwritten contracts, which include inventory and guarantee contracts increased to 17.1% in Q1 2022 compared to 15.0% in Q1 2021.

Operating Income

For Q1 2022, operating income increased 423% or $188.3 million to $232.8 million, which included a gain of $169.1 million on property, plant and equipment from the sale of property located in Bolton, Ontario. The remaining increase was due to a 19% increase in revenue and a strong flow through to operating income, offset by a 15% increase in operating expenses. Operating expenses included higher cost of goods sold in line with higher inventory sales. Selling, general and administrative expenses also increased due to higher professional fees as a result of our IT strategy to build a new digital technology platform, higher travel, advertising and promotion costs from increased activity in global travel partly due to the return of our onsite Orlando event, higher marketing expenses to promote new initiatives, and higher buildings, facilities and technology costs as we shift to cloud-based solutions to improve customer experiences. We also incurred $9.6 million in acquisition-related costs for the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions, and the completed acquisitions of SmartEquip and Rouse.

Income tax expense and effective tax rate

At the end of each interim period, we estimate the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. The estimate reflects, among other items, management’s best estimate of operating results. It does not include the estimated impact of foreign exchange rates or unusual and/or infrequent items, which may cause significant variations in the customary relationship between income tax expense and income before income taxes.

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For Q1 2022, income tax expense increased by 330% to $36.2 million and our effective tax rate decreased 610 bps to 16.9% as compared to Q1 2021. The decrease in the effective tax rate for Q1 2022 was primarily due to the non-taxable gain portion on the sale of a parcel of land including all buildings in Bolton, Ontario. In addition, there was a decrease in the estimate of non-deductible expenses and a write-off of a deferred tax asset upon departure of a management employee of Rouse in 2021 which did not reoccur.

Partially offsetting these decreases were a lower tax deduction for PSU and RSU share unit expenses that exceeded the related compensation expense and a greater estimated proportion of income taxed in jurisdictions with higher tax rates.

Net income

In Q1 2022, net income attributable to stockholders increased 532% to $178.1 million, which included a gain of $169.1 million on property, plant and equipment from the sale of property located in Bolton, Ontario. The remaining increase was primarily related to higher operating income, offset by a higher interest expense incurred on our senior notes held in escrow. In addition, we saw an increase in income tax expense due to the sale of the Bolton property.

Diluted EPS

Diluted EPS attributable to stockholders increased 540% to $1.60 per share for Q1 2022, in line with net income.

US dollar exchange rate comparison

We conduct global operations in many different currencies, with our presentation currency being the US dollar. The following table presents the variance in select foreign exchange rates over the comparative reporting periods:

					% Change
					2022 over
Value of one local currency to U.S dollar	2022		2021		2021
Period-end exchange rate - March 31,
Canadian dollar		0.7994		0.7961	0	%
Euro		1.1074		1.1726	(6)	%
Australian dollar		0.7491		0.7595	(1)	%
Average exchange rate -Three months ended March 31,
Canadian dollar		0.7892		0.7896	(0)	%
Euro		1.1225		1.2059	(7)	%
Australian dollar		0.7236		0.7728	(6)	%

For Q1 2022, foreign exchange had an unfavourable impact on total revenue and a favourable impact on expenses. These impacts were primarily due to the fluctuations in the Australian dollar and Euro exchange rates relative to the US dollar.

Non-GAAP Measures

As part of management’s non-GAAP measures, we may eliminate the financial impact of adjusting items which are after-tax effects of significant recurring and non-recurring items that we do not consider to be part of our normal operating results.

Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributed to stockholders increased 42% to $51.0 million in Q1 2022.

Non-GAAP diluted Adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders increased 44% to $0.46 per share in Q1 2022.

Non-GAAP adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (“EBITDA”) increased 44% to $104.9 million in Q1 2022.

Debt at the end of Q1 2022 represented 5.3 times net income as at and for the 12 months ended March 31, 2022, compared to debt at Q1 2021, which represented 3.8 times net income as at and for the 12 months ended March 31, 2021. The non-GAAP adjusted net debt/non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA was 0.5 times as at and for the 12 months ended March 31, 2022, compared to 0.9 times as at and for the 12 months ended March 31, 2021.

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Segment Performance

We provide our customers with a wide array of services. The following table presents a breakdown of our consolidated results between the A&M segment and Other Services segment. A complete listing of channels and brand solutions under the A&M segment, as well as our Other Services segment, is available in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

	Three months ended March 31, 2022
(in U.S $000's)	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	—	$	116,375
Fees		84,629		43,857		128,486
Total service revenue		201,004		43,857		244,861
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		—		149,060
Total revenue	$	350,064	$	43,857	$	393,921
Ancillary and logistical service expenses		—		10,755		10,755
Other costs of services		25,574		2,686		28,260
Cost of inventory sold		131,582		—		131,582
SG&A expenses		108,811		17,795		126,606
Segment profit	$	84,097	$	12,621	$	96,718

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
(in U.S $000's)	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	103,975	$	—	$	103,975
Fees		68,096		33,959		102,055
Total service revenue		172,071		33,959		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		125,525		—		125,525
Total revenue	$	297,596	$	33,959	$	331,555
Ancillary and logistical service expenses		—		12,269		12,269
Other costs of services		24,304		1,293		25,597
Cost of inventory sold		110,747		—		110,747
SG&A expenses		102,781		11,458		114,239
Segment profit	$	59,764	$	8,939	$	68,703

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Auctions and Marketplaces Segment

Results of A&M segment operations are presented below for the comparative reporting periods.

	Three months ended March 31,
							% Change
							2022 over
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022			2021			2021
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375		$	103,975		12	%
Fees		84,629			68,096		24	%
Total service revenue		201,004			172,071		17	%
Inventory sales revenue		149,060			125,525		19	%
Total revenue	$	350,064		$	297,596		18	%
Costs of services		25,574			24,304		5	%
Cost of inventory sold		131,582			110,747		19	%
SG&A expenses		108,811			102,781		6	%
A&M segment expenses	$	265,967		$	237,832		12	%
A&M segment profit	$	84,097		$	59,764		41	%
Total GTV		1,439,105			1,274,539		13	%
A&M service revenue as a % of total GTV- Rate		14.0	%		13.5	%	50	bps

Gross Transaction Value

In response to COVID-19, in March 2020, we transitioned all our traditional onsite auctions to online bidding utilizing our existing online bidding technology and simultaneously ceased almost all public attendance at our live auction theaters. Our core online auction channels (IronPlanet.com, GovPlanet.com, Marketplace-E) continued to operate as usual. In February 2022, we returned to live in-person onsite bidding at our flagship Orlando, Florida event, offering both onsite and online bidding.

To facilitate the auction process, we have continued to enable equipment drop off at our physical yards prior to the online event, with buyers able to conduct inspections pre-auction and collect equipment post auction. In addition, where auctioneers were not able to attend a physical site, we used Timed Auctioned Lots (“TAL”) solutions for selected International and on-the-farm agriculture events.

We believe it is meaningful to consider revenue in relation to GTV. Total GTV and Service GTV by geographical regions, as well as GTV by sector, are presented below for the comparative reporting period.

GTV by Geography

		Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $000's)		2022		2021	2022 over 2021
Total GTV by Geography
United States	$	919,852	$	881,653	4	%
Canada		309,768		210,611	47	%
International		209,485		182,275	15	%
Total GTV		1,439,105		1,274,539	13	%
Service GTV by Geography
United States		831,161		815,316	2	%
Canada		300,703		200,896	50	%
International		158,181		132,802	19	%
Total Service GTV1		1,290,045		1,149,014	12	%
1 Service GTV is calculated as total GTV less inventory sales revenue

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GTV by Sector

The following pie charts illustrate the breakdown of total GTV by sector for Q1 2022 compared to Q1 2021.

The construction sector includes heavy equipment such as trucks, excavators, cranes and dozers. The transportation sector includes vehicles, buses, trailers and trucks that are used for transport. The other sector primarily includes equipment sold in the agricultural, forestry and energy industries.

In Q1 2022, total GTV mix compared to Q1 2021 decreased by 6 percentage points in the construction sector, partially offset by a 2 percentage points increase in the transportation sector, and an increase in the real estate sector.

Total Auction Metrics

We review a number of metrics including the following key metrics, to evaluate our business, measure our performance and identify trends affecting our business.

Bids per lot sold. Each bid is completed electronically through our real-time online bidding system. A lot is defined as a single asset to be sold, or a group of assets bundled for sale as one unit. This metric calculates the total number of bids received for a lot divided by the total number of lots sold.

Total lots sold. We define a lot as a single asset to be sold, or a group of assets bundled for sale as one unit. Low value assets are sometimes bundled into a single lot, collectively referred to as “small value lots”.

	Three months ended March 31,
			% Change
	2022	2021	2022 over 2021
Bids per lot sold *	27	27	—	%
Total lots sold *	105,767	116,259	(9)	%

* Management reviews industrial equipment auction metrics excluding GovPlanet; as a result, GovPlanet business metrics are excluded from these metrics

The total number of bids per lot sold remained flat at 27 in Q1 2022 compared to Q1 2021, reflecting continued strong demand for used equipment from buyers in a tight supply market.

The total lots sold decreased by 9% to 105,767 in Q1 2022 primarily impacted by the tight supply market, the shift to a lower proportion of small value lots sold across all regions, as well as reduction in lot counts, partially offset by higher average selling prices.

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Online Bidding

Across all channels, 92% of total GTV was purchased by online buyers in Q1 2022 compared to 100% in Q1 2021. The decrease was a result of the return to live in-person onsite bidding at our flagship Orlando, US event held in February 2022. We welcomed back thousands of motivated buyers in Orlando and provided them with various bidding options: bid live onsite, bid online in real time, via PriorityBid, or via Mobile App. This event helped bring people together and re-established important network connections. We continue to assess the timing of transitioning back to some measure of in-person attendance for our other auction events.

Productivity

The majority of our business continues to be generated by our A&M segment operations. Sales Force Productivity within this segment is an operational statistic that we believe provides a gauge of the effectiveness of our Revenue Producers in increasing GTV. Revenue Producers is a term used to describe our revenue-producing sales personnel. This definition is comprised of Regional Sales Managers and Territory Managers.

Our Sales Force Productivity for the trailing 12-month period ended March 31, 2022 was $14.3 million per Revenue Producer compared to $13.5 million per Revenue Producer for the trailing 12-month period ended March 31, 2021. The increase was primarily due to the strong price performance achieved across our channels throughout the year and efficiency in sales team structure. In addition, we continue to invest in our sales support teams and new go to market approaches that are outside of the above metric that drive additional selling capacity into the network.

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A&M revenue

Total A&M revenue increased 18% to $350.1 million in Q1 2022.

A&M revenue by geographical region are presented below:

	Three months ended March 31,
			% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022	2021	2022 over 2021
A&M Revenue by Geography
United States
Service revenue	138,870	124,205	12	%
Inventory sales revenue	88,691	66,337	34	%
A&M revenue- United States	227,561	190,542	19	%
Canada
Service revenue	38,815	28,059	38	%
Inventory sales revenue	9,065	9,715	(7)	%
A&M revenue- Canada	47,880	37,774	27	%
International
Service revenue	23,319	19,807	18	%
Inventory sales revenue	51,304	49,473	4	%
A&M revenue- International	74,623	69,280	8	%
Total
Service revenue	201,004	172,071	17	%
Inventory sales revenue	149,060	125,525	19	%
A&M total revenue	350,064	297,596	18	%

United States

In Q1 2022, service revenue increased 12% while service GTV increased 2%, primarily as a result of higher buyer fee rates implemented in 2021 and early 2022. In addition, we saw positive rate performances in our straight commission contracts from a lower proportion of GTV sourced from strategic accounts and slightly higher rate performances in our guarantee contracts driven by strong pricing. These increases were partially offset by lower buyer fees on a lower proportion of small value lots and lower fees associated with online inspections driven by lower online lot counts.

In Q1 2022, inventory sales revenue increased 34% primarily due to a large inventory package dispersal in the construction sector in Phoenix and higher volumes sold through our GovPlanet business as a result of the new non-rolling and rolling stock contracts effective June 1, 2021. These increases were partially offset by a lower volume of inventory contracts in Orlando, Florida and Atlanta, Georgia.

Canada

In Q1 2022, service revenue increased 38% while service GTV increased 50%. Service revenue growth was lower than service GTV primarily due to softer rate performances on straight commission and guarantee contracts from higher mix of agriculture sales, lower buyer fees on a lower proportion of small value and as well the impact of lower rates on GTV generated in RBFS from providing escrow services for private brokered transactions. These were partially offset by an increase in fees primarily due to higher buyer fee rates implemented in 2021 and early 2022.

In Q1 2022, inventory sales revenue decreased 7% primarily driven by a lower mix of inventory contracts, mainly at our Toronto auction.

International

In Q1 2022, service revenue increased 18%, primarily in line with the 19% increase in Service GTV. Some of this slightly softer year-over-year rate performance was a result of mix shift across Europe, offset by higher buyer fee rates implemented in 2021, and higher straight commission rate performances in Australia.

In Q1 2022, inventory sales revenue increased 4%, primarily driven by higher activity in Australia driven by the addition of one new event as well as two agricultural events, the use of local satellite yards and the lifting of border restrictions. We also saw strong

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performances at our auctions in Mexico and the Middle East due to improved market conditions, partially offset by a softer year-over-year performance in Europe due to an unfavourable supply environment.

Costs of services

A&M costs of services increased 9% to $25.5 million in Q1 2022 compared to Q1 2021. This increase was primarily due to higher travel, advertising and promotion expense and higher building, facilities and technology expenses to support our flagship Orlando, US event, which returned to live in-person onsite bidding. We also saw higher employee compensation expenses in our GovPlanet and Xcira businesses to support our growth strategy, offset by lower make-ready costs as a result of a shift in contracts in our GovPlanet business.

Cost of inventory sold

A&M cost of inventory sold increased 19% to $131.6 million in Q1 2022 compared to Q1 2021, primarily in line with the 19% increase in inventory sales revenue.

SG&A expenses

A&M SG&A expenses increased 4% to $108.8 million in Q1 2022 compared to Q1 2021. This increase was primarily due to higher professional fees driven by our investment in new modern architecture to support our future marketplace and services strategy, and higher fees related to audit, SOX compliance and consulting. Building, facilities and technology costs also increased as a result of higher licensing and subscription technology expenses as we shift to cloud-based solutions to improve customer experiences and higher costs with the expansion of our local satellite yards. In addition, we saw higher travel, advertising, and promotion costs across all regions from the return to global travel and higher marketing expenses to promote new initiatives. We also saw an increase in share-based payment expenses primarily due to the premium-priced options granted in 2021 and a higher expense from the mark-to-market revaluation of our liability-classified share units driven by a higher share price over the comparative period. These increases were offset by lower short-term incentive costs.

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Other Services Segment

Results of Other Services segment operations are presented below for the comparative reporting periods.

	Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022		2021		2022 over 2021
Service revenue	$	43,857	$	33,959	29	%
Ancillary and logistical service expenses		10,755		12,269	(12)	%
Other costs of services		2,686		1,293	108	%
SG&A expenses		17,795		11,458	55	%
Other services profit	$	12,621	$	8,939	41	%

In Q1 2022, Other Services revenue increased 29% to $43.9 million primarily due to higher RBFS revenues of $6.5 million, and $4.7 million of first full quarter revenue recognized since the acquisition of SmartEquip on November 2, 2021. These increases were partially offset by lower ancillary revenue of $0.8 million driven by lower lot counts and lower fees earned on redeployment of assets in the US, and lower revenue of $0.5 million in RB Logistics.

Ancillary and logistical service expenses decreased 12% to $10.8 million in Q1 2022, in line with lower ancillary revenue. Other costs of services increased 108% to $2.7 million in Q1 2022 mainly due to the inclusion of SmartEquip since its acquisition on November 2, 2021. SG&A expenses increased 55% to $17.8 million in Q1 2022 primarily in wages, salaries and benefits expenses due to the inclusion of SmartEquip and the growth in our RBFS business.

RBFS revenue increased 71% in Q1 2022 driven by higher funded volumes sourced from the US and improved rate on fees earned from facilitating financing arrangements. We also saw continued growth in our PurchaseSafe service that provides escrow services to private brokered transactions driving increased volumes. In Q1 2022, our funded volume, which represents the amount of lending brokered by RBFS, increased 59% to $233.4 million.

In Q1 2022, Other Services profit increased 41% to $12.6 million mainly driven by RBFS.

Additionally, in the first quarter of 2021, we launched a business version of our inventory management system (“IMS”), which offers our customers end-to-end asset management and disposition services, data analytics, dashboards, branded e-commerce sites and multiple external sales channels to help our customers achieve optimal returns. We continue to grow the number of organizations activated on IMS. During the first quarter of 2022, the number of organizations activated on our IMS increased by 103% compared to the fourth quarter of 2021.

As we evolve to a marketplace, we also facilitate retail and peer-to-peer auction events and equipment sale transactions via our online technology in exchange for hosting fees. During the first quarter of 2022, customers that used this service disposed of $36.4 million of assets, which is a decrease of 15% from the first quarter of 2021 primarily driven by an unfavourable supply environment.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity are our cash provided by operating activities and borrowings from our revolving credit facilities, which we renewed on September 21, 2021.

We believe that our existing working capital and availability under our credit facilities are sufficient to satisfy our present operating requirements and contractual obligations. Our material short-term cash requirements include (a) inventory purchases, (b) capital expenditures for intangible assets and property, plant and equipment (c) payment of quarterly dividends on an as-declared basis, (d) settlement of contracts with consignors and other suppliers, (e) personnel expenditures, with a majority of bonuses paid annually in the first quarter following each fiscal period, (f) income tax payments, primarily paid in quarterly instalments, (g) lease payments, and (h) principal payments on short-term and current portions of long-term debt, and (i) interest payments related to our current debt obligations. We also have inventory purchase commitments, related to our GovPlanet business, which is described in Note 26 of our consolidated financial statements.

During Q1 2022, we completed the sale and leaseback of a parcel of land including all buildings in Bolton, Ontario for a total sale consideration and net proceeds of approximately $165.0 million. The proceeds from the sale were used to repay our revolving credit facilities. We have also leased back the Bolton property while we complete the acquisition and development of a replacement property and auction site located in Amaranth, Ontario over the next two to three years. We intend to fund the material cash requirement for the acquisition and development of the Amaranth property from cash flows from ongoing operations.

Other long-term cash requirements include long-term debt principal repayments, which are disclosed according to maturity date in Note 21 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as well as interest payments related to our non-current debt obligations. We are also committed under various letters of credit and provide certain guarantees in the normal course of business.

In April 2022, we made the decision to discontinue our involvement in the Phase 2 review by the CMA of the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition and terminated our deal contingent forward contracts. In early May 2022, we also redeemed all of our senior notes issued in 2021 which were held in escrow. Refer to Note 24 “Subsequent events” of the consolidated financial statements.

If we were to consider further acquisitions to deliver on our strategic growth drivers, we may seek financing through equity markets or additional debt markets. The sale of equity securities may result in dilution to our shareholders. Issuance of preferred equity securities could provide for rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of our common stock. Further, this additional capital may not be available on reasonable terms, or at all.

We assess our liquidity based on our ability to generate cash and secure credit to fund operating, investing, and financing activities. Our liquidity is primarily affected by fluctuations in cash provided by operating activities, significant acquisitions of businesses, payment of dividends, share repurchases, our net capital spending¹, and voluntary repayments of debt. We believe our principal sources of liquidity, which include cash flow from operations, our current unused capacity under our revolving credit facilities of $673 million, and the remaining DDTL Facility of $205 million, are sufficient to fund our current operating activities and future growth strategies.

Cash provided by operating activities can fluctuate significantly from period to period due to factors such as differences in the timing, size and number of auctions during the period, the volume of our inventory contracts, the timing of the receipt of auction proceeds from buyers and of the payment of net amounts due to consignors, as well as the location of the auction with respect to restrictions on the use of cash generated therein.

1 We calculate net capital spending as property, plant and equipment additions plus intangible asset additions less proceeds on disposition of property, plant and equipment.

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Cash flows

	Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022		2021		2022 over 2021
Cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	185,134	$	180,687	2	%
Investing activities		154,945		(10,035)	(1,644)	%
Financing activities		(180,293)		(33,145)	444	%
Effect of changes in foreign currency rates		7,840		(2,782)	(382)	%
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	167,626	$	134,725	24	%

Net cash provided by operating activities increased $4.4 million in the first three months of 2022, mainly due to higher net cash inflow from the change in operating assets and liabilities. This change arose primarily due to a positive impact in income taxes for the accrual of the taxable gain portion on the sale of our Bolton property and lower income tax payments as a result of timing. We also saw a positive net cash flow impact from prepaying in Q4 2021 the Q1 2022 interest on the senior notes held in escrow. These increases were primarily offset by cash outflows mainly driven by the timing, size and number of auctions.

Net cash provided by investing activities increased $165.0 million in the first three months of 2022. This increase was primarily due to sale of our Bolton property for total net cash proceeds of $164.5 million.

Net cash used in financing activities increased $147.1 million in the first three months of 2022. The primary driver of the change was the increase of $164.0 million of repayment of debt on our long term revolving credit facilities from the proceeds from the sale of the Bolton property. We also saw lower proceeds of $5.7 million from the exercise of stock options and higher dividends of $3.5 million paid to our shareholders compared to the comparative period in 2021. Partially offsetting these changes were an $18.3 million increase in draws on our short-term debt and a decrease of $6.0 million in withholding tax payments on the issuance of shares.

Dividend information

We declared a dividend of $0.22 per common share for the quarter ended March 31, 2021. We declared a dividend of $0.25 per common share for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, September 30, 2021, and December 31, 2021. We have declared, but not yet paid, a dividend of $0.25 per common share for the quarter ended March 31, 2022. All dividends that we pay are “eligible dividends” for Canadian income tax purposes unless indicated otherwise.

Return on average invested capital

Our return on average invested capital is calculated as net income attributable to stockholders divided by our average invested capital. We calculate average invested capital over a trailing 12-month period by adding the average long-term debt over that period to the average stockholders’ equity over that period.

Return on average invested capital increased 230 bps to 13.6% for the 12-month period ending March 31, 2022 from 11.3% for the 12-month period ending March 31, 2021. This increase is primarily due to an increase in net income attributable to stockholders over the comparative period, mainly driven by the gain from the sale of the Bolton property. This increase was offset by a higher average invested capital over the comparative period as a result of the senior notes issued into escrow on December 21, 2021. Return on invested capital (“ROIC”) excluding escrowed debt (non-GAAP measure) decreased 70 bps to 13.2% during the 12 months ended March 31, 2022 compared to 13.9% in 2021, primarily due to the inclusion of the gain on the Bolton property in the non-GAAP adjusted average invested capital.

Credit facilities

We have a credit agreement which is comprised of multicurrency revolving facilities (the “Revolving Facilities”) and a delayed-draw term loan facility (the “DDTL Facility”, together with the Revolving Facilities, the “Facilities”). The credit agreement has been most recently amended in September 2021, which, among other things (i) extended the maturity date of the Facilities from October 27, 2023 to September 21, 2026, (ii) increased the total size of the Facilities provided under the Credit Agreement to up to $1.045 billion, including $295.0 million of commitments under the DDTL Facility, (iii) reduced the applicable margin for base rate loans and LIBOR loans at each pricing tier level, (iv) reduced the applicable percentage per annum used to calculate the commitment fee in respect of

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the unused commitments under the Facilities at each pricing tier level, and (v) included customary provisions to provide for the eventual replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate.

Immediately prior to the amendment, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the DDTL Facility was $90.0 million ($118.9 million CAD). In connection with the amendment, the Company refinanced that amount with the proceeds from a borrowing under the DDTL Facility. There are no mandatory principal repayments of borrowings under the DDTL Facility until the earlier of when the remaining $205.0 million is drawn or Q3 2022. The remaining DDTL Facility commitment will be available to be drawn until June 28, 2022. Once principal payments become mandatory, they are subject to an annual amortization rate of 5%, payable in quarterly installments, with the balance payable at maturity.

Credit facilities at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021 were as follows:

(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	March 31, 2022		December 31, 2021		% Change
Committed
DDTL Facility	$	300,044	$	298,284	1	%
Revolving credit facilities		750,000		750,000	—	%
Uncommitted
Revolving credit facilities		10,000		10,000	—	%
Total credit facilities	$	1,060,044	$	1,058,284	0	%
Unused
DDTL Facility	$	205,000	$	205,000	0	%
Revolving credit facilities		672,519		525,581	28	%
Total credit facilities unused	$	877,519	$	730,581	20	%

Debt covenants

We were in compliance with all financial and other covenants applicable to our credit facilities at March 31, 2022.

Our ability to borrow under our syndicated revolving credit facility is subject to compliance with financial covenants of a consolidated leverage ratio and a consolidated interest coverage ratio. In the event of sustained deterioration of global markets and economies, we expect the covenants pertaining to our leverage ratio would be the most restrictive to our ability to access funding under our credit agreement. We continue to evaluate courses of action to maintain current levels of liquidity and compliance with our debt covenants.

Critical Accounting Policies, Judgments, Estimates and Assumptions

In preparing our consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP, we must make decisions that impact the reported amounts and related disclosures. Such decisions include the selection of the appropriate accounting principles to be applied and the assumptions on which to base accounting estimates. In reaching such decisions, we apply judgments based on our understanding and analysis of the relevant circumstances and historical experience and related circumstances. As of March 31, 2022, other than the estimates in accounting for the sale and leaseback transaction related to the sale of our Bolton property in Q1 2022, as described below, there were no material changes in our critical accounting policies, judgments, estimates and assumptions from those disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, or in the notes to our consolidated financial statements included in “Part I, Item 1: Consolidated Financial Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Effective October 1, 2021, we have early adopted ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The update primarily addresses the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. An entity that early adopts in an interim period should apply the amendments (1) retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurs on or after the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application and (2) prospectively to all business combinations that occur on or after the date of initial application. We have applied the amendments to the SmartEquip acquisition, which was completed on November 2, 2021.

Significant items subject to estimates and judgements during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 were made in accounting for the completed sale and leaseback transaction of our Bolton property. We determined the following estimates in calculating the gain on sale: the present value of market rental payments of the Bolton property sold, the expected lease term in the leaseback arrangement and our incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date of the lease.

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For a discussion of our new and amended accounting standards, refer to Note 2(b) of the Consolidated Financial Statements, Significant Accounting Policies.

Non-GAAP Measures

We reference various non-GAAP measures throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These measures do not have a standardized meaning and are, therefore, unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. The presentation of this financial information, which is not prepared under any comprehensive set of accounting rules or principles, is not intended to be considered in isolation of, or as a substitute for, the financial information prepared and presented in accordance with US GAAP. Non-GAAP financial measures included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are labeled as “non-GAAP measure” or designated as such with an asterisk (*).

Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income* Reconciliation

We believe that non-GAAP adjusted operating income* provides useful information about the growth or decline of our operating income for the relevant financial period and eliminates the financial impact of adjusting items we do not consider to be part of our normal operating results.

Adjusting operating income* eliminates the financial impact of adjusting items which are significant recurring and non-recurring items that we do not consider to be part of our normal operating results, such as share-based payments expense, acquisition-related costs, amortization of acquired intangible assets, management reorganization costs, and certain other items, which we refer to as ‘adjusting items’.

In 2021, we updated the calculation of non-GAAP adjusted operating income* to add-back share-based payments expense, all acquisition-related costs (including any share based continuing employment costs recognized in acquisition-related costs), amortization of acquired intangible assets, and gain or loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment. We have also adjusted for certain non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs and the change in fair value of derivatives. These adjustments have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented, as applicable.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP adjusted operating income* to operating income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure in our consolidated income statements.

	Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022		2021		2022 over 2021
Operating income	$	232,840	$	44,502	423	%
Share-based payments expense		5,386		3,778	43	%
Acquisition-related costs		9,637		2,922	230	%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		8,532		6,641	28	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(169,820)		(68)	249,635	%
Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs		2,285		—	100	%
Non-GAAP adjusted operating income*	$	88,860	$	57,775	54	%

(1) Please refer to pages 50-52 for a summary of adjusting items during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.

(2) Non-GAAP adjusted operating income* represents operating income excluding the effects of adjusting items.

(3) Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs include $0.9 million related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $0.5 million of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $0.4 million of SOX remediation costs, and $0.6 million of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Stockholders* and Non-GAAP Diluted Adjusted EPS Attributable to Stockholders* Reconciliation

We believe that non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders* provides useful information about the growth or decline of our net income attributable to stockholders for the relevant financial period and eliminates the financial impact of adjusting items we do not consider to be part of our normal operating results. Non-GAAP diluted Adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders* eliminates the financial impact of adjusting items which are after-tax effects of significant non-recurring or recurring items that we do not consider to be part of our normal operating results, such as share-based payments expense, acquisition-related costs, amortization of acquired intangible assets, management reorganization costs, and certain other items, which we refer to as ‘adjusting items’.

In 2021, we updated the calculation of non-GAAP adjusted operating income* to add-back share-based payments expense, all acquisition-related costs (including any share based continuing employment costs recognized in acquisition-related costs), amortization of acquired intangible assets, and gain or loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment. We have also adjusted for certain non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs and the change in fair value of derivatives. These adjustments have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented, as applicable.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders* and non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders* to net income attributable to stockholders and diluted EPS attributable to stockholders, which are the most directly comparable GAAP measures in our consolidated income statements.

	Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $000's, except share and per share data, and percentages)	2022		2021		2022 over 2021
Net income attributable to stockholders	$	178,094	$	28,188	532	%
Share-based payments expense		5,386		3,778	43	%
Acquisition-related costs		9,637		2,922	230	%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		8,532		6,641	28	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(169,820)		(68)	249,635	%
Change in fair value of derivatives		(1,263)		—	(100)	%
Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs		2,285		—	100	%
Related tax effects of the above		18,112		(5,466)	(431)	%
Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders*	$	50,963	$	35,995	42	%
Weighted average number of dilutive shares outstanding		111,655,861		111,267,392	0	%
Diluted earnings per share attributable to stockholders	$	1.60	$	0.25	540	%
Non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to Stockholders*	$	0.46	$	0.32	44	%

(1) Please refer to pages 50-52 for a summary of adjusting items during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.

(2) Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders* represents net income attributable to stockholders excluding the effects of adjusting items.

(3) Non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders* is calculated by dividing non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders*, net of the effect of dilutive securities, by the weighted average number of dilutive shares outstanding.

(4) Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs include $0.9 million related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $0.5 million of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $0.4 million of SOX remediation costs, and $0.6 million of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA*

We believe non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* provides useful information about the growth or decline of our net income when compared between different financial periods. We use non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA as a key performance measure because we believe it facilitates operating performance comparisons from period to period.

In 2021, we updated the calculation of non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* to add-back share-based payments expense and all acquisition-related costs (including any share based continuing employment costs recognized in acquisition-related costs), and gain or loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment. We have also adjusted for certain non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs and the change in fair value of derivatives. These adjustments have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented, as applicable.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* to net income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure in, or calculated from, our consolidated income statements:

	Three months ended March 31,
					% Change
					2022 over
(in U.S. $000's, except percentages)	2022		2021		2021
Net income	$	178,101	$	28,139	533	%
Add: depreciation and amortization expenses		24,225		21,070	15	%
Add: interest expense		20,686		8,946	131	%
Less: interest income		(544)		(303)	80	%
Add: income tax expense		36,236		8,419	330	%
EBITDA		258,704		66,271	290	%
Share-based payments expense		5,386		3,778	43	%
Acquisition-related costs		9,637		2,922	230	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(169,820)		(68)	249,635	%
Change in fair value of derivatives		(1,263)		—	(100)	%
Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs		2,285		—	100	%
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA*	$	104,929	$	72,903	44	%

(1) Please refer to pages 50-52 for a summary of adjusting items during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.

(2) Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* is calculated by adding back depreciation and amortization expenses, interest expense, income tax expense, and subtracting interest income from net income, as well as adding back share-based payments expense, acquisition-related costs, and excluding the effects of any non-recurring or unusual adjusting items.

(3) Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs include $0.9 million related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $0.5 million of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $0.4 million of SOX remediation costs, and $0.6 million of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Debt* and Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Debt/Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA* Reconciliation

We believe that comparing non-GAAP adjusted net debt/non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* on a trailing 12-month basis for different financial periods provides useful information about the performance of our operations as an indicator of the amount of time it would take us to settle both our short and long-term debt. We do not consider this to be a measure of our liquidity, which is our ability to settle only short-term obligations, but rather a measure of how well we fund liquidity. Measures of liquidity are noted under “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP adjusted net debt* to debt, non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* to net income, and non-GAAP adjusted net debt*/ non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* to debt/ net income, respectively, which are the most directly comparable GAAP measures in, or calculated from, our consolidated financial statements.

	As at and for the 12 months ended March 31,
							% Change
(in U.S. $millions, except percentages)	2022			2021			2022 over 2021
Short-term debt	$	22.1		$	25.9		(15)	%
Long-term debt		1,582.0			636.7		148	%
Debt		1,604.1			662.6		142	%
Less: long-term debt in escrow		(939.8)			—		(100)	%
Less: Cash and cash equivalents		(440.1)			(294.4)		49	%
Non-GAAP adjusted net debt*		224.2			368.2		(39)	%
Net income	$	301.8		$	175.7		72	%
Add: depreciation and amortization expenses		91.0			76.7		19	%
Add: interest expense		48.7			35.3		38	%
Less: interest income		(1.6)			(1.8)		(11)	%
Add: income tax expense		81.2			68.3		19	%
EBITDA		521.1			354.2		47	%
Share-based payments expense		24.7			23.3		6	%
Acquisition-related costs		36.9			8.9		315	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(171.2)			(1.6)		10,600	%
Change in fair value of derivatives		—			—		—	%
Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs		5.8			3.9		49	%
Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA*	$	417.3		$	388.7		7	%
Debt/net income		5.3	x		3.8	x	39	%
Non-GAAP adjusted net debt*/Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA*		0.5	x		0.9	x	(44)	%

(1) Please refer to pages 50-52 for a summary of adjusting items during the trailing 12-months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.

(2) Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* is calculated by adding back depreciation and amortization expenses, interest expense, income tax expense, and subtracting interest income from net income, as well as adding back share-based payments expense, acquisition-related costs, gain/ loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment, terminated and ongoing transaction costs, and excluding the effects of any non-recurring or unusual adjusting items.

(3) Non-GAAP adjusted net debt* is calculated by subtracting cash and cash equivalents from short and long-term debt.

(4) Non-GAAP adjusted net debt*/Non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA* is calculated by dividing non-GAAP adjusted net debt* by non-GAAP adjusted EBITDA*.

(5) Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs include $0.9 million related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $1.8 million of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $2.0 million of SOX remediation costs, $1.1 million of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Operating Free Cash Flow* (“OFCF”) Reconciliation

We believe OFCF*, when compared on a trailing 12-month basis to different financial periods, provides an effective measure of the cash generated by our business and provides useful information regarding cash flows remaining for discretionary return to stockholders, mergers and acquisitions, or debt reduction. Our balance sheet scorecard includes OFCF* as a performance metric. OFCF* is also an element of the performance criteria for certain annual short-term and long-term incentive awards.

The following table reconciles OFCF* to cash provided by operating activities, which is the most directly comparable GAAP measure in, or calculated from, our consolidated statements of cash flows:

	12 months ended March 31,
					% Change
(in U.S. $ millions, except percentages)	2022		2021		2022 over 2021
Cash provided by operating activities	$	322.0	$	436.6		(26)	%
Property, plant and equipment additions		10.3		12.3		(16)	%
Intangible asset additions		32.7		30.4		8	%
Proceeds on disposition of property plant and equipment		(166.5)		(16.1)		934	%
Net capital spending	$	(123.5)	$	26.6		(564)	%
OFCF*	$	445.5	$	410.0		9	%

(1) OFCF* is calculated by subtracting net capital spending from cash provided by operating activities.

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Non-GAAP Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Stockholders* and ROIC* Reconciliation

We believe that comparing ROIC* on a trailing 12-month basis for different financial periods, provides useful information about the after-tax return generated by our investments.

In 2021, we updated the calculation of non-GAAP diluted adjusted EPS attributable to stockholders* to add-back share-based payments expense and all acquisition-related costs (including any share based continuing employment costs recognized in acquisition-related costs), amortization of acquired intangible assets, and gain or loss on disposition of property, plant and equipment. These adjustments have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented. We have also adjusted for certain non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs and the change in fair value of derivatives.

The following table reconciles non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders* and ROIC* to net income attributable to stockholders and return on average invested capital which are the most directly comparable GAAP measures in, or calculated from, our consolidated financial statements:

	As at and for the 12 months ended March 31,
							% Change
(in U.S. $millions, except percentages)	2022			2021			2022 over 2021
Net income attributable to stockholders	$	301.8		$	175.5			72	%
Share-based payments expense		24.7			23.3			6	%
Acquisition-related costs		36.9			8.9			315	%
Amortization of acquired intangible assets		29.9			22.2			35	%
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment		(171.2)			(1.6)			10,600	%
Change in fair value of derivatives		—			—			—	%
Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs		5.8			3.9			49	%
Related tax effects of the above		3.2			(23.7)			(114)	%
Change in uncertain tax provision - tax effect		—			7.8			(100)	%
Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders*	$	231.1		$	216.3			7	%
Opening long-term debt	$	636.7		$	630.5			1	%
Ending long-term debt		1,582.0			636.7			148	%
Less: long-term debt in escrow		(939.8)			—			(100)	%
Non-GAAP adjusted ending long-term debt*		642.2			636.7			1	%
Average long-term debt		1,109.4			633.6			75	%
Non-GAAP adjusted average long-term debt*		639.5			633.6			1
Opening stockholders' equity	$	1,005.5		$	839.8			20	%
Ending stockholders' equity		1,225.0			1,005.5			22	%
Average stockholders' equity		1,115.3			922.7			21	%
Average invested capital	$	2,224.7		$	1,556.3			43	%
Non-GAAP adjusted average invested capital		1,754.7			1,556.3			13	%
Return on average invested capital		13.6	%		11.3	%		230	bps
Non-GAAP ROIC*		10.4	%		13.9	%		(350)	bps
Non-GAAP ROIC* excluding escrowed debt		13.2	%		13.9	%		(70)	bps

(1) Please refer to pages 50-52 for a summary of adjusting items during the trailing 12-months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021.

(2) Return on average invested capital is calculated as net income attributable to stockholders divided by average invested capital. We calculate average invested capital as the average long-term debt and average stockholders’ equity over a trailing 12-month period.

(3) ROIC* is calculated as non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to stockholders* divided by average invested capital.

(4) Leases (Topic 842) requires lessees to recognize almost all leases, including operating leases, on the balance sheet through a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability. The lease liability is not included in the calculation of debt.

(5) Non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs include $0.9 million related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $1.8 million of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $2.0 million of SOX remediation costs, and $1.1 million of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Adjusting Items Non-GAAP Measures

In 2021, we began adjusting for share-based payment expenses, amortization of acquired intangible assets and all gains or losses on disposition of property, plant and equipment, which we did not consider to be part of our normal operating results. These adjustments in 2021 have been applied retrospectively to all periods presented.

Adjusting items during the trailing 12-months ended March 31, 2022 were:

Recognized in the first quarter of 2022

● $5.4 million ($3.4 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $8.5 million ($6.4 million after tax, or $0.06 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet, SmartEquip, and Rouse.

● $169.8 million ($145.5 million after tax, or $1.30 per diluted share) gain recognized on the disposition of property, plant and equipment of which $169.1 million related to the sale of a property located in Bolton, Ontario.

● $9.6 million ($8.0 million after tax, or $0.07 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions and the completed acquisitions of SmartEquip and Rouse.

● $1.3 million ($1.1 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) gain due to the change in fair value of derivatives to manage our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on the purchase consideration for the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions.

● $2.3 million ($1.7 million after tax, or $0.02 per diluted share) of non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs, which include $0.9 million ($0.6 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) related to severance and retention costs in connection with the restructuring of our IT team driven by our strategy to build a new digital technology platform, $0.5 million ($0.3 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $0.4 million ($0.3 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of SOX remediation costs, and $0.6 million ($0.4 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

Recognized in the fourth quarter of 2021

● $6.2 million ($4.8 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $7.9 million ($5.9 million after tax, or $0.05 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet, SmartEquip, and Rouse.

● $14.0 million ($11.6 million after tax, or $0.10 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions and the completed acquisitions of SmartEquip and Rouse.

● $0.1 million ($0.1 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) gain recognized on the disposition of property, plant and equipment

● $1.3 million ($1.1 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) loss due to the change in fair value of derivatives to manage our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations on the purchase consideration for the proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions.

● $2.6 million ($1.9 million after tax, or $0.02 per diluted share) of non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs, which include $1.4 million ($1.0 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) of terminated and ongoing transaction and legal costs relating to mergers and acquisition activity, $0.7 million ($0.5 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of SOX remediation costs relating to our efforts to remediate the material weaknesses identified in 2020, and $0.5 million ($0.4 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of advisory costs relating to a cybersecurity incident detected in Q4 2021.

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Recognized in the third quarter of 2021

● $5.6 million ($4.6 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $6.6 million ($4.9 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet and Rouse.

● $10.3 million ($8.3 million after tax, or $0.07 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the acquisitions of Rouse, and SmartEquip and proposed acquisition of Euro Auctions.

● $1.1 million ($0.8 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) gain recognized on the sale of a property in Denver, Colorado.

● $0.7 million ($0.5 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs related to SOX remediation costs relating to our efforts to remediate the material weaknesses identified in 2020, which has been retrospectively applied to Q3 2021.

Recognized in the second quarter of 2021

● $7.5 million ($5.7 million after tax, or $0.05 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $6.8 million ($5.1 million after tax, or $0.05 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet and Rouse.

● $3.0 million ($3.0 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the acquisition of Rouse.

● $0.2 million ($0.1 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) gain recognized on the disposition of property, plant and equipment

● $0.2 million ($0.2 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) of non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs related to SOX remediation costs relating to our efforts to remediate the material weaknesses identified in 2020, which has been retrospectively applied to Q2 2021.

Adjusting items during the trailing 12-months ended March 31, 2021 were:

Recognized in the first quarter of 2021

● $3.8 million ($0.1 million after tax, or $0.00 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $6.6 million ($4.9 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet and Rouse.

● $2.9 million ($2.8 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the acquisition of Rouse.

Recognized in the fourth quarter of 2020

● $4.6 million ($1.2 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $5.6 million ($4.2 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet and Rouse.

● $6.0 million ($4.7 million after tax, or $0.04 per diluted share) of acquisition-related costs related to the acquisition of Rouse.

● $1.5 million ($0.01 per diluted share) of current income tax expense recognized related to an unfavourable adjustment to reflect final regulations published in Q2 2020 regarding hybrid financing arrangements. 

Recognized in the third quarter of 2020

● $8.6 million ($2.7 million after tax, or $0.02 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $5.0 million ($3.7 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet.

● $0.3 million ($0.2 million after, or $0.00 per diluted share) gain recognized on the disposition of property, plant and equipment

● $3.9 million ($2.9 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) of severance costs, recognized in non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs, related to the realignment of leadership to support the new global operations organization, in line with strategic growth priorities led by the new CEO. These severance costs were reclassified to non-recurring advisory, legal and restructuring costs in 2021.

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Recognized in the second quarter of 2020

● $6.4 million ($3.2 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) share based payments expense.

● $4.9 million ($3.7 million after tax, or $0.03 per diluted share) amortization of acquired intangible assets primarily from the acquisitions of Iron Planet.

● $1.2 million ($0.9 million after tax, or $0.01 per diluted share) gain recognized on the sales of property in Manchester, New Hampshire and in St. Louis, Missouri.

● $6.2 million ($0.06 per diluted share) tax expense related to an unfavourable adjustment to reflect final regulations published regarding hybrid financing arrangements, of which $0.8 million relates to current income tax expense.

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ITEM 3:     QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

There have been no material changes to our market risk during the three months ended March 31, 2022 from those disclosed in Item 7A in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which is available on our website at www.rbauction.com, on EDGAR at www.sec.gov, or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com.

ITEM 4:     CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Management of the Company, including the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), have evaluated the effectiveness of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as at March 31, 2022. The term “disclosure controls and procedures” means controls and other procedures established by the Company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Based upon their evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, the CEO and the CFO concluded that, as of March 31, 2022, the disclosure controls are effective to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure and are effective to provide reasonable assurance that such information is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC’s rules and forms.

On November 2, 2021, the Company completed the acquisition of SmartEquip. SEC guidance permits management to exclude acquisitions from their assessment of internal control over financial reporting during the first year of an acquisition. The Company is in the process of incorporating SmartEquip into its system of internal control over financial reporting. SmartEquip’s total assets and revenues constituted 5.0% and 1.2%, respectively, of the Company’s total assets and revenues as shown in its consolidated financial statements as of and for the three month period ended March 31, 2022.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Management, with the participation of the CEO and CFO, concluded that there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

Ritchie Bros. 53

PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1:     LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

We have no material legal proceedings pending, other than ordinary routine litigation incidental to the business, and we do not know of any material proceedings contemplated by governmental authorities.

ITEM 1A:     RISK FACTORS

Our business is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, and our past performance is no guarantee of our performance in future periods. In addition to the other information set forth in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, you should carefully consider the risks and uncertainties discussed in “Part I, Item 1A: Risk Factors” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, which is available on our website at www.rbauction.com, on EDGAR at www.sec.gov, or on SEDAR at www.sedar.com, before purchasing our common shares. Our business could also be affected by additional risks not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could materially suffer. As a result, the trading price of our common shares could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.

There were no material changes in risk factors during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

ITEM 2: UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3:     DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4:     MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

ITEM 5:     OTHER INFORMATION

None.

Ritchie Bros. 54

ITEM 6:     EXHIBITS

Exhibits

The exhibits listed in below are filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and incorporated herein by reference.

Exhibit
Number	Document
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended
32.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101	Interactive Data Files Pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T , for the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Income Statements; (ii) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets; (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity; (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
104	Cover page from the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2022, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101

Ritchie Bros. 55

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	RITCHIE BROS. AUCTIONEERS INCORPORATED
Dated: May 9, 2022	By:	/s/ Ann Fandozzi
		Ann Fandozzi
		Chief Executive Officer
Dated: May 9, 2022	By:	/s/ Sharon R. Driscoll
		Sharon R. Driscoll
		Chief Financial Officer

Ritchie Bros. 56

EX-31.1

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Ann Fandozzi, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 9, 2022

/s/ Ann Fandozzi

Ann Fandozzi

Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO RULE 13a-14(a) OF THE

SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

I, Sharon R. Driscoll, certify that:

1.I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form10-Q of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting.

Date: May 9, 2022

/s/ Sharon R. Driscoll

Sharon R. Driscoll

Chief Financial Officer

EX-32.1

EXHIBIT 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. §1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Ann Fandozzi, Chief Executive Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 9, 2022

/s/ Ann Fandozzi

Ann Fandozzi

Chief Executive Officer

EX-32.2

EXHIBIT 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. §1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated (the "Company") on Form 10-Q for the period ended March 31, 2022, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the "Report"), I, Sharon R. Driscoll, Chief Financial Officer, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

Date: May 9, 2022

/s/ Sharon R. Driscoll

Sharon R. Driscoll

Chief Financial Officer

XML

Document and Entity Information - shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	May 06, 2022
Document and Entity Information
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2022
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-13425
Entity Registrant Name	Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	CA
Entity Tax Identification Number	98-0626225
Entity Address, Address Line One	9500 Glenlyon Parkway
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Burnaby
Entity Address, City or Town	British Columbia
Entity Address, Country	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	V5J 0C6
City Area Code	778
Local Phone Number	331-5500
Title of 12(b) Security	Common shares
Trading Symbol	RBA
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		110,740,128
Entity Central Index Key	0001046102
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2022
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q1
Amendment Flag	false

XML

Condensed Consolidated Income Statements - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 393,921,000	$ 331,555,000
Operating expenses:
Selling, general and administrative expenses	126,606,000	114,239,000
Acquisition-related costs	9,637,000	2,922,000
Depreciation and amortization expenses	24,225,000	21,070,000
Foreign exchange loss (gain)	(164,000)	277,000
Total operating expenses	330,901,000	287,121,000
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment	(169,820,000)	(68,000)
Operating income	232,840,000	44,502,000
Interest expense	(20,686,000)	(8,946,000)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net	1,263,000
Other income, net	920,000	1,002,000
Income before income taxes	214,337,000	36,558,000
Income tax expense	36,236,000	8,419,000
Net income	178,101,000	28,139,000
Net income (loss) attributable to:
Stockholders	178,094,000	28,188,000
Non-controlling interests	7,000	(49,000)
Net income	$ 178,101,000	$ 28,139,000
Earnings per share attributable to stockholders:
Basic	$ 1.61	$ 0.26
Diluted	$ 1.60	$ 0.25
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic	110,647,700	109,972,997
Diluted	111,655,861	111,267,392
Service Revenues [Member]
Revenue:
Total revenue	$ 244,861,000	$ 206,030,000
Operating expenses:
Direct expenses	39,015,000	37,866,000
Inventory Sales Revenue [Member]
Revenue:
Total revenue	149,060,000	125,525,000
Operating expenses:
Direct expenses	$ 131,582,000	$ 110,747,000

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
Net income	$ 178,101	$ 28,139
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of income tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustment	(1,167)	(10,360)
Total comprehensive income	176,934	17,779
Total comprehensive income (loss) attributable to:
Stockholders	176,937	17,844
Non-controlling interests	(3)	(65)
Total comprehensive income	$ 176,934	$ 17,779

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 440,120	$ 326,113
Restricted cash	150,203	102,875
Trade and other receivables	292,418	150,895
Less: allowance for credit losses	(4,339)	(4,396)
Inventory	78,890	102,494
Other current assets	50,699	64,346
Income taxes receivable	19,517	19,895
Total current assets	1,027,508	762,222
Restricted Cash	939,755	933,464
Property, plant and equipment	445,517	449,087
Other non-current assets	157,874	142,504
Intangible assets	341,771	350,516
Goodwill	947,798	947,715
Deferred tax assets	7,187	7,406
Total assets	3,867,410	3,592,914
Liabilities and Equity
Auction proceeds payable	539,739	292,789
Trade and other liabilities	258,595	280,308
Income taxes payable	24,967	5,677
Short-term debt	22,083	6,147
Current portion of long-term debt	3,564	3,498
Total current liabilities	848,948	588,419
Long-term debt	1,578,420	1,733,940
Other non-current liabilities	150,105	147,260
Deferred tax liabilities	64,572	52,232
Total liabilities	2,642,045	2,521,851
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 22 and Note 23 respectively)
Share capital:
Common stock; no par value, unlimited shares authorized, issued and outstanding shares: 110,735,243 (December 31, 2021: 110,618,049)	231,064	227,504
Additional paid-in capital	61,123	59,535
Retained earnings	989,923	839,609
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(57,130)	(55,973)
Stockholders' equity	1,224,980	1,070,675
Non-controlling interest	385	388
Total stockholders' equity	1,225,365	1,071,063
Total liabilities and equity	$ 3,867,410	$ 3,592,914

XML

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
Common stock, no par value	$ 0	$ 0
Common stock, issued shares	110,735,243	110,618,049
Common stock, outstanding shares	110,735,243	110,618,049

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Common stock [Member]	Additional paid-in capital ("APIC") [Member]	Retained earnings [Member]	Accumulated other comprehensive loss [Member]	Non-controlling interest ("NCI") [Member]	Total
Balance at Dec. 31, 2020	$ 200,451	$ 49,171	$ 791,918	$ (34,295)	$ 5,154	$ 1,012,399
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2020	109,876,428
Net income			28,188		(49)	28,139
Other comprehensive income (loss)				(10,344)	(16)	(10,360)
Comprehensive income			28,188	(10,344)	(65)	17,779
Stock option exercises	$ 8,268	(1,549)				6,719
Stock option exercises, shares	197,863
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units	$ 2,046	(11,347)				(9,301)
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units, shares	234,275
Forfeiture of common stock related to business combinations, shares	(55,510)
Share based continuing employment costs related to business combinations		2,553				$ 2,553
Shares forfeited						(55,510)
Stock option compensation expense		1,861				$ 1,861
Equity-classified share unit expense		2,779				2,779
Equity-classified share units dividend equivalents		144	(144)
Cash dividends paid			(24,181)			(24,181)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2021	$ 210,765	43,612	795,781	(44,639)	5,089	1,010,608
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2021	110,253,056
Balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 227,504	59,535	839,609	(55,973)	388	1,071,063
Balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2021	110,618,049
Net income			178,094		7	178,101
Other comprehensive income (loss)				(1,157)	(10)	(1,167)
Comprehensive income			178,094	(1,157)	(3)	176,934
Stock option exercises	$ 1,207	(221)				986
Stock option exercises, shares	24,248
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units	$ 2,353	(5,902)				(3,549)
Issuance of common stock related to vesting of share units, shares	92,946
Share based continuing employment costs related to business combinations		2,133				2,133
Stock option compensation expense		2,567				2,567
Equity-classified share unit expense		2,890				2,890
Equity-classified share units dividend equivalents		121	(121)
Cash dividends paid			(27,659)			(27,659)
Balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 231,064	$ 61,123	$ 989,923	$ (57,130)	$ 385	$ 1,225,365
Balance, shares at Mar. 31, 2022	110,735,243

XML

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Operating activities:
Net income	$ 178,101	$ 28,139
Adjustments for items not affecting cash:
Depreciation and amortization expenses	24,225	21,070
Share-based payments expense	7,590	7,193
Deferred income tax expense	12,434	963
Unrealized foreign exchange (gain) loss	(248)	459
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment	(169,820)	(68)
Amortization of debt issuance costs	848	720
Amortization of right-of-use assets	3,455	3,172
Change in fair value of derivatives	(1,263)
Other, net	1,111	1,184
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities	128,701	117,855
Net cash provided by operating activities	185,134	180,687
Investing activities:
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired	(63)
Property, plant and equipment additions	(2,002)	(1,556)
Proceeds on disposition of property, plant and equipment	164,659	66
Intangible asset additions	(7,762)	(8,769)
Issuance of loans receivable	(1,099)
Repayment of loans receivable	1,212	224
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities	154,945	(10,035)
Financing activities:
Dividends paid to stockholders	(27,659)	(24,181)
Proceeds from exercise of options and share option plans	986	6,719
Payment of withholding taxes on issuance of shares	(1,531)	(7,542)
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt	15,376	(2,886)
Repayment of long-term debt	(162,698)	(2,626)
Debt issue costs	(2,261)
Repayment of finance lease obligations	(2,506)	(2,629)
Net cash used in financing activities	(180,293)	(33,145)
Effect of changes in foreign currency rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	7,840	(2,782)
Increase	167,626	134,725
Beginning of period	1,362,452	306,895
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash, end of period	$ 1,530,078	$ 441,620

XML

General Information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

General Information

General Information

1.    General information

Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as the “Company”, “Ritchie Bros.”, “we”, “us”, or “our”) provide a marketplace for insights, services and transaction solutions for commercial assets. The Company offers its customers end-to-end transaction solutions for used commercial and other durable assets through its omnichannel platform, which includes auctions, online marketplaces, listing services, and private brokerage services. The Company also offers a wide array of value-added services connected to commercial assets as well as asset management software and data as a service solutions to help customers make more accurate and reliable business decisions. Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated is a company incorporated in Canada under the Canada Business Corporations Act, whose shares are publicly traded on the Toronto Stock Exchange (“TSX”) and the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”).

XML

Significant accounting policies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Significant accounting policies

Significant accounting policies

2.    Significant accounting policies

(a) Basis of preparation

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). They include the accounts of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and its subsidiaries from their respective dates of formation or acquisition. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Certain information and footnote disclosure required by US GAAP for complete annual financial statements have been omitted and, therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as our most recent annual audited consolidated financial statements except as described in Note 2(b) “ New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies”. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in equity for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On February 24, 2022, the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe intensified with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, sharply affecting economic and global financial markets. Subsequent economic sanctions of Russia have exacerbated ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as rising inflation and global supply chain disruption. The Company does not have any direct or significant operations in Russia or Ukraine, or any material operations in neighboring countries and only has limited number of direct customers in the effected region. The extent of the ongoing impacts of the conflict on our operational and financial performance, including our ability to execute on our business strategies and initiatives and sustain our operations in Europe and globally, will depend on future developments, including the continued evolvement of military activity and sanctions imposed with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Given the evolving nature of the crisis, the Company cannot currently reasonably estimate the impacts of the conflict on its business operations, results of operations, cash flows or financial performance.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified from selling, general and administrative expenses to cost of services for certain employee costs related to equipment inspections to conform to the presentation of the current period financial statements.

2.    Significant accounting policies (continued)

(b) New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies

New accounting policies

Sale and leaseback

The transfer of the asset shall not be accounted for as a sale if the leaseback would be classified as a finance lease or a sales-type lease. For sale and leaseback transactions, the Company applies the requirements of ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers to determine whether the transfer of the asset should be accounted for as a sale and applies ASC 842 Leases when accounting for the sale and leaseback transactions. If the transfer of the asset is a sale, the Company derecognizes the underlying asset and recognizes the gain on sale of property, plant and equipment. The Company recognizes a lease obligation arising from the leaseback and the corresponding ROU asset. If the fair value of the consideration for the sale of an asset does not equal the fair value of the asset, or if the payments for the lease are not at market rates, the Company will make adjustments to measure the sale proceeds at fair value. Any below-market terms are accounted for as a prepayment of lease payments and any above- market terms are accounted for as additional financing provided by the buyer-lessor. If the transaction does not qualify for sale and leaseback accounting treatment, and control of the asset has not transferred, then the asset is not derecognized, and no gain or loss is recorded as the transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction.

New and amended accounting standards

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The update primarily addresses the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. The update requires that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers, whereas prior to the adoption of the update, contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed in a business combination were recognized at fair value on the acquisition date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. An entity that early adopts in an interim period should apply the amendments (1) retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurs on or after the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application and (2) prospectively to all business combinations that occur on or after the date of initial application. The Company has early adopted the update as of October 1, 2021 and therefore has applied the amendments to all acquisitions completed since January 1, 2021, which includes only the acquisition of SmartEquip, which was completed on November 2, 2021.

XML

Significant judgments, estimates and assumptions

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Significant judgments, estimates and assumptions

Significant judgments, estimates and assumptions

3.    Significant judgments, estimates and assumptions

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.

Future differences arising between actual results and the judgments, estimates and assumptions made by the Company at the reporting date, or future changes to estimates and assumptions, could necessitate adjustments to the underlying reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses in future reporting periods.

Judgments, estimates and underlying assumptions are evaluated on an ongoing basis by management and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. However, existing circumstances and assumptions about future developments may change due to market changes or circumstances and such changes are reflected in the assumptions when they occur.

Significant items subject to estimates and judgments during the quarter ended March 31, 2022 were made in accounting for the completed sale and leaseback transaction of our Bolton property (Note 15 & Note 21). The Company determined the following estimates in calculating the gain on sale: the present value of market rental payments of the Bolton property sold, the expected lease term in the leaseback arrangement and the Company’s incremental borrowing rate based on information available at the commencement date of the lease.

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Seasonality

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Seasonality

Seasonality

4.    Seasonality

The Company’s operations are both seasonal and event driven. Revenues tend to be the highest during the second and fourth calendar quarters as the Company generally conducts more auctions during these quarters. Volumes tend to also be lower during the third quarter, as supply of used equipment is lower as it is actively being used and not available for sale. Late December through mid-February and mid-July through August are traditionally less active periods.

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Business combinations

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Business combinations

Business combinations

5.   Business combinations

(a) SmartEquip acquisition

On November 2, 2021, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding common shares of SmartEquip for a total cash purchase price of $173,743,000. During the first quarter of 2022, the Company finalized the net working capital adjustment under the purchase agreement and increased the purchase price by $63,000, resulting in a total purchase price of $173,806,000.

SmartEquip is an innovative technology platform that supports customers' management of the equipment lifecycle and integrates parts procurement with both original equipment manufacturers and dealers.

The acquisition was accounted for in accordance with ASC 805, Business Combinations. The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.

SmartEquip purchase price allocation

Purchase price	$	173,806
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,039
Trade and other receivables		2,926
Other current assets		486
Property, plant and equipment		120
Other non-current assets		75
Deferred tax assets		8,932
Intangible assets		71,700
Liabilities assumed:
Trade and other liabilities		1,239
Deferred revenue		3,565
Other non-current liabilities		119
Deferred tax liabilities		18,192
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired		63,163
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	$	110,643

The deferred tax assets are presented net of a $1,486,000 valuation allowance. 

The following table summarizes the fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired:

	Fair value		Weighted average
Asset	at acquisition		amortization period
Customer relationships	$	50,700	4 - 15 years
Software and technology assets		18,900	7 years
Trade names and trademarks		1,000	3 years
Backlog		1,100	2 years
Total	$	71,700	11.3 years

5.   Business combinations (continued)

SmartEquip purchase price allocation (continue)

The amounts included in the SmartEquip provisional purchase price allocation are preliminary in nature and are subject to adjustment as additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed at the date of the acquisition. The final determination of the fair values of certain assets and liabilities will be completed within the measurement period of up to one year from the acquisition date. Adjustments to the preliminary values during the measurement period may impact the amounts recorded as assets and liabilities with a corresponding adjustment to goodwill and will be recognized in the period in which the adjustments are determined.

Goodwill

Goodwill has been assigned and allocated to “Other” for segmented information purposes and is based on an analysis of the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill relates to benefits expected from the acquisition of SmartEquip’s business, its assembled workforce and associated technical expertise, as well as anticipated synergies from applying the Company’s auction expertise and transactional capabilities to SmartEquip’s existing customer base. The transaction is considered a non-taxable business combination and the goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

Transactions recognized separately from the acquisition of assets and assumptions of liabilities

At the date of acquisition, the Company issued 63,971 common shares to certain previous shareholders of SmartEquip in return for their continuing employment service. The common shares are expected to vest one third on each anniversary date of the acquisition over a three-year period as continuing employment services are provided to the Company. At the date of acquisition, the Company estimated that it will recognize a total fair value of $4,375,000 share-based continuing employment costs in acquisition-related costs over the vesting period, with an increase to additional paid-in capital, subject to continuing employment of those individuals. As and when the common shares vest, the Company will recognize the fair value of the issued common shares from additional paid-in capital to share capital (Note 19).

During the quarter ended March 31, 2022, the Company recorded $1,175,000 acquisition-related costs for legal, advisory, integration and other professional fees, which included $659,000 of share-based continuing employment costs.

(b) Euro Auctions acquisition

On August 9, 2021, the Company entered into a Sale and Purchase Agreement (“SPA”) pursuant to which it agreed to purchase Euro Auctions Limited, William Keys & Sons Holdings Limited, Equipment & Plant Services Ltd, and Equipment Sales Ltd. (collectively, “Euro Auctions”), each being a private limited company incorporated in Northern Ireland (the “Euro Auctions Acquisition”).

Under the terms of the SPA, the Company was to acquire all of the outstanding shares of Euro Auctions from their existing shareholders for approximately £775,000,000 (approximately $1.02 billion) cash consideration, to be paid on closing. The Euro Auctions acquisition is subject to regulatory clearances and the satisfaction of other customary closing conditions, including obtaining of antitrust clearance in the United Kingdom. On March 4, 2022, the Company was notified that the United Kingdom Competition and Markets Authority (“CMA”) intended to refer the proposed acquisition to a Phase 2 review process. On April 29, 2022, the Company made a decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA. The SPA will automatically terminate on June 28, 2022. (Note 24). As a result of the Company’s decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA, the Company redeemed all of the 2021 Notes (as defined below) at a redemption price equal to 100% of the original offering price of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. (Note 17). The Company also terminated without cost its deal contingent forward currency contracts held to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations against the US and Canadian dollar on £343,000,000 of the £775,000,000 purchase consideration for the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. (Note 13).

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Segmented information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Segmented information

Segmented information

6.    Segmented information

The Company’s principal business activity is the management and disposition of used industrial equipment and other durable assets. The Company’s operations are comprised of one reportable segment and other business activities that are not reportable as follows:

● Auctions and Marketplaces – This is the Company’s only reportable segment, which consists of the Company’s live onsite auctions, its online auctions and marketplaces, and its brokerage service;

● Other includes the results of Ritchie Bros. Financial Services (“RBFS”), Rouse, Mascus online services, SmartEquip, and the results from various value-added services and make-ready activities, including the Company’s equipment refurbishment services, and Ritchie Bros. Logistical Services (“RB Logistics”).

	Three months ended March 31, 2022
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	—	$	116,375
Fees		84,629		43,857		128,486
Total service revenue		201,004		43,857		244,861
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		—		149,060
Total revenue	$	350,064	$	43,857	$	393,921
Costs of services		25,574		13,441		39,015
Cost of inventory sold		131,582		—		131,582
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")		108,811		17,795		126,606
Segment profit	$	84,097	$	12,621	$	96,718
Acquisition-related costs						9,637
Depreciation and amortization expenses ("D&A")						24,225
Foreign exchange gain						(164)
Total operating expenses					$	330,901
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment ("PPE")						169,820
Operating income					$	232,840
Interest expense						(20,686)
Change in fair value of derivatives						1,263
Other income, net						920
Income tax expense						(36,236)
Net income					$	178,101

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	103,975	$	—	$	103,975
Fees		68,096		33,959		102,055
Total service revenue		172,071		33,959		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		125,525		—		125,525
Total revenue	$	297,596	$	33,959	$	331,555
Costs of services		24,304		13,562		37,866
Cost of inventory sold		110,747		—		110,747
SG&A expenses		102,781		11,458		114,239
Segment profit	$	59,764	$	8,939	$	68,703
Acquisition-related costs						2,922
D&A expenses						21,070
Foreign exchange loss						277
Total operating expenses					$	287,121
Gain on disposition of PPE						68
Operating income					$	44,502
Interest expense						(8,946)
Other income, net						1,002
Income tax expense						(8,419)
Net income					$	28,139

6.    Segmented information (continued)

The Chief Operating Decision Maker “CODM” does not evaluate the performance of the Company’s operating segments or assess allocation of resources based on segment assets and liabilities, nor does the Company classify liabilities on a segmented basis.

The Company’s geographic breakdown of total revenue and location is as follows:

	United
Total revenue for the three months ended:	States		Canada		Australia		Europe		Other		Consolidated
March 31, 2022	$	247,950	$	65,233	$	29,075	$	37,820	$	13,843	$	393,921
March 31, 2021		207,414		48,478		19,563		47,176		8,924		331,555

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Revenues

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue

Revenues

7.    Revenue

The Company’s revenue from the rendering of services is as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	103,975
Fees		128,486		102,055
		244,861		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		125,525
	$	393,921	$	331,555

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Operating expenses

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Operating expenses

Operating expenses

8.    Operating expenses

Costs of services

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Ancillary and logistical service expenses	$	10,755	$	12,269
Employee compensation expenses		15,921		14,530
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		3,854		2,701
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		5,172		4,518
Other costs of services		3,313		3,848
	$	39,015	$	37,866

SG&A expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Wages, salaries and benefits	$	77,487	$	76,957
Share-based compensation expense		5,386		3,778
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		20,086		17,343
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		7,974		5,162
Professional fees		9,747		5,032
Other SG&A expenses		5,926		5,967
	$	126,606	$	114,239

8.    Operating expenses (continued)

Acquisition-related costs

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SmartEquip:
Share-based continuing employment costs		659		—
Other acquisition-related costs		516		—
Euro Auctions:
Other acquisition-related costs		6,693		—
Rouse:
Share-based continuing employment costs		1,474		2,553
Other acquisition-related costs		295		369
	$	9,637	$	2,922

Depreciation and amortization expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Depreciation expense	$	7,746	$	7,837
Amortization expense		16,479		13,233
	$	24,225	$	21,070

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Income taxes

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Income taxes

Income taxes

9.    Income taxes

At the end of each interim period, the Company estimates the effective tax rate expected to be applicable for the full fiscal year. The estimate reflects, among other items, management’s best estimate of operating results. It does not include the estimated impact of foreign exchange rates or unusual and/or infrequent items, which may cause significant variations in the customary relationship between income tax expense and income before income taxes.

For the three months ended March 31, 2022, income tax expense was $36,236,000, compared to an income tax expense of $8,419,000 for the same period in 2021. The effective tax rate was 17% in the first quarter of 2022, compared to 23% in the first quarter of 2021.

A lower tax rate was observed in Q1 2022 versus Q1 2021 primarily due to the non-taxable gain portion on the sale of a parcel of land including all buildings in Bolton, Ontario. In addition, there was a decrease in the estimate of non-deductible expenses and a write-off of a deferred tax asset upon departure of a management employee of Rouse in 2021 which did not reoccur.

Partially offsetting these decreases were a lower tax deduction for PSU and RSU share unit expenses that exceeded the related compensation expense and a greater estimated proportion of income taxed in jurisdictions with higher tax rates.

The Canada Revenue Agency (“CRA”) is currently conducting an audit of the Company’s 2014, 2015, 2017, and 2018 taxation years. Management believes that the Company is in full compliance with Canadian tax laws. However, the CRA could challenge the manner in which the Company has filed its income tax returns and reported its income. In the event that the CRA challenges the manner in which the Company has filed its tax returns and reported its income, the Company will have the option to appeal any such decision. If the Company is not successful, however, the CRA audit could potentially result in additional income taxes, penalties, and interest, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

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Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

10.    Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) attributable to stockholders was calculated by dividing the net income attributable to stockholders by the weighted average (“WA”) number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted EPS attributable to stockholders was calculated by dividing the net income attributable to stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding if the potentially dilutive securities had been issued. Potentially dilutive securities include unvested PSUs, unvested RSUs, and outstanding stock options. The dilutive effect of potentially dilutive securities is reflected in diluted EPS by application of the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, an increase in the fair market value of the Company’s common stock can result in a greater dilutive effect from potentially dilutive securities.

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2022	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	178,094	110,647,700	$	1.61
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	450,259		—
Stock options		—	557,902		(0.01)
Diluted	$	178,094	111,655,861	$	1.60

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2021	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	28,188	109,972,997	$	0.26
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	579,133		—
Stock options		—	715,262		(0.01)
Diluted	$	28,188	111,267,392	$	0.25

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Supplemental cash flow information

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Supplemental cash flow information

Supplemental cash flow information

11.    Supplemental cash flow information

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Trade and other receivables	$	(142,307)	$	(160,435)
Inventory		23,238		12,420
Advances against auction contracts		(4,956)		(1,085)
Prepaid expenses and deposits		12,208		(2,569)
Income taxes receivable		368		(1,624)
Auction proceeds payable		244,965		304,261
Trade and other liabilities		(21,986)		(16,623)
Income taxes payable		19,499		(13,720)
Operating lease obligation		(2,718)		(2,274)
Other		390		(496)
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities	$	128,701	$	117,855

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized	$	19,152	$	14,914
Interest received		544		303
Net income taxes paid		4,067		23,681
Non-cash purchase of property, plant and equipment under finance lease		2,483		2,084
Non-cash right of use assets obtained (reassessed) in exchange for new lease obligations		4,679		6,234

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	440,120	$	326,113
Restricted cash
Current		150,203		102,875
Non-current		939,755		933,464
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,530,078	$	1,362,452

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Fair value measurement

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair value measurement

Fair value measurement

12.    Fair value measurement

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement or disclosure:

● Level 1: Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the entity can access at measurement date;

● Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly; and

● Level 3: Unobservable inputs for the asset or liability.

12.    Fair value measurement (continued)

		March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Carrying				Carrying
	Category	amount		Fair value		amount		Fair value
Fair values disclosed:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	440,120	$	440,120	$	326,113	$	326,113
Restricted cash	Level 1		1,089,958		1,089,958		1,036,339		1,036,339
Loans receivable	Level 2		7,278		7,278		7,267		7,267
Derivative financial assets
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		751		751
Forward currency contract	Level 2		576		576		—		—
Derivative financial liabilities
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		2,005		2,005
Short-term debt	Level 2		22,083		22,083		6,147		6,147
Long-term debt
Senior unsecured notes (as defined in Note 17)
2016 Notes	Level 1		494,973		507,188		494,531		508,125
2021 USD Notes	Level 2		597,397		589,500		598,052		625,125
2021 CAD Notes	Level 2		338,007		330,624		332,337		339,100
Term loan	Level 2		94,661		95,044		92,821		93,226
Long-term revolver loans	Level 2		56,946		57,000		219,699		219,772

The carrying value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, trade and other receivables, advances against auction contracts, loan receivables maturing within a year, auction proceeds payable, trade and other payables, and short-term debt approximate their fair values due to their short terms to maturity. The fair value of the loan receivables with a maturity date greater than one year are determined by estimating discounted cash flows using market rates. The carrying values of the term loan and long-term revolver loan, before deduction of deferred debt issue costs, approximate their fair values as the interest rates on the loans is short-term in nature. The fair values of the senior unsecured notes are determined by reference to a quoted market price of the notes traded in an over-the-counter broker market.

The Company holds derivative financial assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair values of the deal contingent forward contracts are determined using a probability weighted mark to market valuation and observable Level 2 inputs, including foreign currency spot exchange rates, forward pricing curves, and an unobservable Level 3 input, the expected date of settlement. The change in the valuation of the derivatives due to the range of possible expected settlement dates is not significant to the financial statements. The fair value of the forward currency contract is determined using observable Level 2 inputs, including foreign currency spot exchange rates and forward pricing curves. The fair value considers the credit risk of the Company and its counterparties.

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Derivative financial instruments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Derivative financial instruments

Derivative financial instruments

13. Derivative financial instruments

The Company’s derivative financial instruments are accounted for as derivatives under ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, and are classified in other current assets and other current liabilities. The Company has not applied hedge accounting to these instruments.

During the first quarter of 2022, the Company entered into a 30 day forward currency contract, for a notional amount of $60,000,000, designated to economically hedge the foreign currency exchange revaluation gains and losses that are recognized by its Canadian subsidiary on a specific monetary intercompany loan receivable denominated in US dollars. During the first quarter of 2022, a $576,000 gain was recognized for the change in fair value of the forward currency contract within foreign exchange loss (gain) in the consolidated income statement.

The Company also held two deal contingent foreign exchange forward currency contracts to manage its exposure to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations against the US and Canadian dollar on £343,000,000 of the £775,000,000 purchase consideration for the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. The notional amounts of the derivative instruments are £216,000,000 (US dollar forward) and £127,000,000 (Canadian dollar forward). These forward contracts were terminated by the Company in April 2022 at no cost. During the first quarter of 2022, a $1,263,000 gain was recognized for the change in the fair value of the deal contingent foreign exchange currency contracts in the consolidated income statement. (Note 5b)

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Trade and other receivables

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Trade and other receivables

Trade and other receivables

14. Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables are generally secured by the equipment that they relate to as it is Company policy that equipment is not released until payment has been collected. The following table presents the activity in the allowance for expected credit losses for the period ended March 31, 2022:

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	(4,396)
Current period provision		(223)
Write-offs charged against the allowance		280
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	(4,339)

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Other current assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other current assets

Other current assets

15.    Other current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Advances against auction contracts	$	8,974	$	4,102
Assets held for sale		10,830		17,538
Prepaid expenses and deposits		30,319		41,955
Derivative financial asset		576		751
	$	50,699	$	64,346

Assets held for sale

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	17,538
Reclassified from property, plant and equipment		359
Disposal		(7,067)
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	10,830

On March 17, 2022, the Company completed the sale and leaseback of a parcel of land including all buildings, in Bolton, Ontario, for a total sale consideration of $208,195,000 Canadian dollars (approximately $165 million) net of closing and transaction costs, and recognized a gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment of $169,092,000. The net book value of the Bolton property was $7,067,000. The payments for the lease were not considered to be at market rates given an initial two year rent free period and, accordingly, the Company adjusted the sales proceeds and the gain to fair value. The Bolton property continues to be used for auction operations under the operating leaseback agreement until the completion of the acquisition and development of a replacement property located in Amaranth, Ontario. (Note 21)

As at December 31, 2021, the Company also classified vacant land in Casa Grande, Arizona with a net book value of $10,500,000 as an asset held for sale.

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Other non-current assets

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other non-current assets

Other non-current assets

16.    Other non-current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Right-of-use assets	$	128,796	$	114,414
Tax receivable		10,747		10,289
Loans receivable		817		—
Deferred debt issue costs		5,147		5,236
Other		12,367		12,565
	$	157,874	$	142,504

The Company recognized a ROU asset of $16,587,000 as a result of the sale and leaseback transaction on the Bolton property (Note 15 and 21).

16.    Other non-current assets (continued)

Loans receivable

As at March 31, 2022, the Company held three financing lending arrangements that are fully collateralized and secured by certain equipment. These financing lending arrangements have a term of one to four years. In the event of default under these agreements, the Company will take possession of the equipment as collateral to recover its loans receivable balance. The loans receivable balance as at March 31, 2022 was $7,278,000, of which $6,461,000 is recorded in trade and other receivables and $817,000 in non-current loans receivable (December 31, 2021: $7,267,000, of which $7,267,000 was recorded in trade and other receivables and nil in non-current loans receivable). The expected credit loss allowance is not significant.

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Debt

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Debt

Debt

17.    Debt

	Carrying amount
	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Short-term debt	$	22,083	$	6,147
Long-term debt:
Revolving facilities and delayed-draw term loan facility:
Delayed-draw term loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.30%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		95,044		93,283
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		46,206
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		56,492
Long-term revolver loan denominated in U.S. dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 1.89%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		57,000		117,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(437)		(463)
Senior unsecured notes:
Bearing interest at 5.375% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in January 2025 (the "2016 Notes")		500,000		500,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(5,027)		(5,469)
Bearing interest at 4.75% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2031 (the "2021 USD Notes")		600,000		600,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(2,603)		(1,948)
Bearing interest at 4.95% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2029 (the "2021 CAD Notes")		339,755		333,464
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(1,748)		(1,127)
Total long-term debt		1,581,984		1,737,438
Total debt	$	1,604,067	$	1,743,585
Long-term debt:
Current portion	$	3,564	$	3,498
Non-current portion		1,578,420		1,733,940
Total long-term debt	$	1,581,984	$	1,737,438

As at March 31, 2022, the Company had unused committed revolving credit facilities aggregating $662,519,000 that are available until September 2026 subject to certain covenant restrictions, unused uncommitted revolving credit facilities aggregating $5,000,000 that are available until October 2023, and unused uncommitted revolving credit facilities aggregating $5,000,000 with no maturity date. The Company was in compliance with all financial and other covenants applicable to the credit facilities at March 31, 2022.

17.    Debt (continued)

Short-term debt

Short-term debt is comprised of drawings in different currencies on the Company’s committed revolving credit facilities and has a weighted average interest rate of 2.3% (December 31, 2021: 1.8%).

Long-term debt

a) Revolving facilities and delayed-draw term loan facility

During 2016, the Company entered into a credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders. The credit agreement is comprised of multicurrency revolving facilities (the “Revolving Facilities”) and a delayed-draw term loan facility (the “DDTL Facility”, together with the Revolving Facilities, the “Facilities”). The credit agreement has been most recently amended in September 2021, which, among other things i) extended the maturity date of the Facilities from October 27, 2023 to September 21, 2026, (ii) increased the total size of the Facilities provided under the Credit Agreement to up to $1,045,000,000, including $295,000,000 of commitments under the DDTL Facility, (iii) reduced the applicable margin for base rate loans and LIBOR loans at each pricing tier level, (iv) reduced the applicable percentage per annum used to calculate the commitment fee in respect of the unused commitments under the Facilities at each pricing tier level, and (v) included customary provisions to provide for the eventual replacement of LIBOR as a benchmark interest rate.

Immediately prior to the amendment, the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the DDTL Facility was $90,000,000 ($118,889,995 Canadian dollars). In connection with the amendment, the Company refinanced that amount with the proceeds from a borrowing under the DDTL Facility. There are no mandatory principal repayments of borrowings under the DDTL Facility until the earlier of when the remaining $205,000,000 is drawn or Q3 2022. The remaining DDTL Facility commitment is available to be drawn until June 28, 2022. Once principal payments become mandatory, they are subject to an annual amortization rate of 5%, payable in quarterly installments, with the balance payable at maturity.

As of March 31, 2022, the Company had unamortized deferred debt issue costs relating to the Facilities of $5,584,000.

b) Senior unsecured notes

2016 Notes

On December 21, 2016, the Company completed the offering of $500,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 5.375% senior unsecured notes due January 15, 2025 (the “2016 Notes”). Interest on the 2016 Notes is payable semi-annually. The 2016 Notes are jointly and severally guaranteed on an unsecured basis, subject to certain exceptions, by certain of the Company’s subsidiaries. IronPlanet, Rouse, SmartEquip, and certain of their respective subsidiaries were added as additional guarantors in connection with the acquisitions of IronPlanet, Rouse and SmartEquip, respectively.

2021 Notes

On December 21, 2021, the Company completed the offering of two series of senior notes: (i) $600,000,000 aggregate principal amount of 4.750% senior notes due December 15, 2031 (the “2021 USD Notes”) and (ii) $425,000,000 Canadian dollar aggregate principal amount of 4.950% senior notes due December 15, 2029 ( the “2021 CAD Notes”, and together with the 2021 USD Notes, the “2021 Notes”).

The gross proceeds from the 2021 Notes offering together with certain additional amounts including prepaid interest were placed into escrow accounts and were expected to be held in escrow until the completion of the proposed Euro Auctions Acquisition. As of March 31, 2022, the 2021 Notes are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet in non-current restricted cash and included in long term debt. As a result of the Company’s decision that it is discontinuing the Phase 2 review by the CMA, effective as of May 4, 2022, the Company redeemed all of the outstanding 2021 Notes at a redemption price equal to 100% of the original offering price of the 2021 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. (Note 5(b) and Note 24).

17.    Debt (continued)

(b) Senior unsecured notes (continued)

2021 Notes (continued)

The Company intended to use the net proceeds from the offering of the 2021 Notes, together with proceeds from its DDTL Facility, to fund the consideration payable of the Euro Auctions Acquisition and any related fees and expenses.

The Company has incurred total debt issuance costs of $2,663,000 in connection with the offering of the 2021 USD Notes, and $1,779,000 in connection with the offering of the 2021 CAD Notes. Additionally, as a result of the Company’s decision to discontinue the Phase 2 review by the CMA, the Company will not be required to pay fees of approximately $10,000,000 to Goldman Sachs Bank USA Bank and certain other financial institutions, which was due when the proceeds were to be released from escrow to finance the Euro Auctions Acquisition.

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Other non-current liabilities

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other non-current liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

18.    Other non-current liabilities

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease liability	$	112,892	$	109,882
Tax payable		19,209		18,859
Finance lease liability		13,747		13,983
Other		4,257		4,536
	$	150,105	$	147,260

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Equity and dividends

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Equity and dividends

Equity and dividends

19.    Equity and dividends

Share capital

Common stock

Unlimited number of common shares, without par value.

Preferred stock

Unlimited number of senior preferred shares, without par value, issuable in series.

Unlimited number of junior preferred shares, without par value, issuable in series.

All issued shares are fully paid. No preferred shares have been issued.

Shares issued for business combinations

The Company has issued the following common shares in connection with the acquisitions of Rouse and SmartEquip. These shares were issued to certain previous unitholders and shareholders of Rouse and SmartEquip, based on the fair market value of the Company’s common shares at the acquisition date. The Company records share-based continuing employment costs in acquisition-related costs over the vesting period, with an increase to additional paid-in capital. The vesting of shares issued for business combinations is subject to continuing employment with the Company over various dates over a three year period from their respective acquisition dates. As and when the common shares vest, the Company will recognize the fair value of the issued common shares from additional paid-in capital to share capital.

19.    Equity and dividends (continued)

Shares issued for business combinations (continued)

	Rouse			SmartEquip			Total
								Weighted average
	Common	Fair value		Common	Fair value		Common	fair value
	shares	per common		shares	per common		shares	per common
	issued	shares		issued	shares		issued	shares
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	—		—	—		—	—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	312,193	$	71.09	—	$	—	312,193	$	71.09
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	(55,510)		71.09	—		—	(55,510)		71.09
Outstanding, March 31, 2021	256,683	$	71.09	—	$	—	256,683	$	71.09

As at March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share-based continuing employment cost was $8,600,026 (2021: $14,576,000), which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.5 years.

Share repurchase

There were no common shares repurchased during the three months ended March 31, 2022 (three months ended March 31, 2021: nil).

Dividends

Declared and paid

The Company declared and paid the following dividends during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

		Dividend			Total
	Declaration date	per share		Record date	dividends		Payment date
Fourth quarter 2021	January 21, 2022	$	0.2500	February 11, 2022	$	27,659	March 4, 2022
Fourth quarter 2020	January 22, 2021	$	0.2200	February 12, 2021	$	24,181	March 5, 2021

Declared and undistributed

Subsequent to March 31, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.25 cents per common share, payable on June 17, 2022 to stockholders of record on May 27, 2022. This dividend payable has not been recognized as a liability in the financial statements. The payment of this dividend will not have any tax consequences for the Company.

Foreign currency translation reserve

Foreign currency translation adjustments within other comprehensive income include intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term investment nature, which generated a net loss of $884,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2022 (2021: net loss of $3,654,000).

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Share-based payments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Share-based payments

Share-based payments

20.    Share-based payments

Share-based payments consist of the following compensation costs:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SG&A expenses:
Stock option compensation expense	$	2,567	$	1,861
Equity-classified share units		2,890		3,153
Liability-classified share units		(756)		(1,915)
Employee share purchase plan - employer contributions		685		679
		5,386		3,778
Acquisition-related costs:
Share-based continuing employment costs		2,133		2,553
		2,133		2,553
	$	7,519	$	6,331

Stock option plans

The Company has the following three stock option plans that provide for the award of stock options and premium-priced stock options to selected employees, directors, and officers of the Company: a) Amended and Restated Stock Option Plan, b) IronPlanet 1999 Stock Plan, and c) IronPlanet 2015 Stock Plan.

Stock option activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is presented below:

	Stock options							Premium-priced stock options
				WA							WA
	Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate		Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate
	shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic		shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic
	option	price		life (in years)		value		option	price		life (in years)		value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	2,208,057		42.55		7.7		41,884	1,017,064		91.24		5.7		—
Granted	629,877		57.70		—		—	—		—		—		—
Exercised	(25,942)		38.01		—		573	—		—		—		—
Forfeited	(6,255)		43.02		—		—	(9,576)		90.93		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	2,805,737		45.99		8.0		37,437	1,007,488		91.24		5.4		—
Exercisable, March 31, 2022	1,338,173		37.19		6.7		29,251	1,192		90.93		5.6		—

Stock options

The Company uses the Black Scholes option pricing model to fair value stock options. Significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 are presented in the following table on a weighted average basis:

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Risk free interest rate	2.1	%	0.5	%
Expected dividend yield	1.75	%	1.66	%
Expected lives of the stock options	4	years	4	years
Expected volatility	31.7	%	32.3	%

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the non-vested stock options was $13,210,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.6 years.

20.    Share-based payments (continued)

Premium-priced stock options

The Company also grants premium-priced stock options to the senior executives with exercise prices above the fair market value of the Company’s common shares on grant dates. The premium-priced stock options vest and become exercisable upon the third anniversary of their grant date and expire on the sixth anniversary of their grant date. The fair values of the premium-priced stock options were calculated on the grant date using a Monte Carlo simulation model. There were no premium-priced stock options granted during the three month period ended March 31, 2022 and 2021.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized stock-based compensation cost related to the premium-priced stock options was $7,063,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.5 years.

Share unit plans

Share unit activity for the three months ended March 31, 2022 is presented below:

	Equity-classified awards									Liability-classified awards
	PSUs			PSUs with Market Conditions			RSUs			DSUs
		WA grant			WA grant			WA grant				WA grant
		date fair			date fair			date fair				date fair
	Number	value		Number	value		Number	value			Number	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	523,618	$	45.90	88,305	$	65.45	79,112	$	54.96		156,589	$	35.28
Granted	151,873		57.52	—		—	33,440		57.67		5,966		54.27
Vested and settled	(93,241)		36.42	—		—	(21,221)		46.43		—		—
Forfeited	(1,165)		50.35	—		—	(866)		54.15		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	581,085	$	50.45	88,305	$	65.45	90,465	$	57.97		162,555	$	35.97

The total market value of liability-classified share units vested and released during the first three months of 2022 was nil (December 31, 2021: nil).

Senior executive and employee PSU plans

The Company grants PSUs under a senior executive PSU plan and an employee PSU plan (the “PSU Plans”). Under the PSU Plans, the number of PSUs that vest is conditional upon specified market, service, and/or performance vesting conditions being met. The PSU Plans allow the Company to choose whether to settle the awards in cash or in shares. The Company intends to settle by issuance of shares. With respect to settling in shares, the Company has the option to either (i) arrange for the purchase of shares on the open market on the employee’s behalf based on the cash value that otherwise would be delivered, or (ii) issue a number of shares equal to the number of units that vest.

Fair values of equity-classified PSUs are estimated on grant date using the market close price of the Company's common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange, as these are not subject to market vesting conditions.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified PSU’s was $17,735,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.2 years.

20.    Share-based payments (continued)

PSUs with market conditions

The Company also grants PSUs to senior executives with a market condition where vesting is conditional upon the total stockholder return performance of the Company’s stock relative to the performance of a peer group over a three year performance period from the date of grant.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified PSUs with market conditions was $4,555,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.4 years.

RSUs

The Company has RSU plans that are equity-settled and not subject to market vesting conditions.

Fair values of RSUs are estimated on grant date using the market close price of the Company's common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange.

At March 31, 2022, the unrecognized share unit expense related to equity-classified RSUs was $3,636,000, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.8 years.

DSUs

The Company has DSU plans that are cash-settled and not subject to market vesting conditions.

Fair values of DSUs are estimated on grant date and at each reporting date using the market close price of the Company’s common shares listed on the New York Stock Exchange. DSUs are granted under the DSU plan to members of the Board of Directors. There is no unrecognized share unit expense related to liability-classified DSUs as they vest immediately and are expensed upon grant.

At March 31, 2022, the Company had a total share unit liability of $9,596,000 (December 31, 2021: $10,056,000) in respect of share units under the DSU plans.

Employee share purchase plan

The Company has an employee share purchase plan that allows all employees that have completed two months of service to contribute funds to purchase common shares at the current market value at the time of share purchase. Employees may contribute up to 4% of their salary. The Company will match between 50% and 100% of the employee’s contributions, depending on the employee’s length of service with the Company.

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Leases

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Leases

Leases

21.    Leases

The Company enters into commercial leases for various auctions sites and offices, the majority of which are non-cancellable, and additional operating leases for computer equipment, motor vehicles and small office equipment. The majority of the Company’s operating leases have a fixed term with a remaining life between one month and 18 years, with renewal options included in the contracts. The leases have varying contract terms, escalation clauses and renewal options.

The Company also enters into finance lease arrangements for certain vehicles, computer and yard equipment and office furniture, the majority of these leases have a fixed term with a remaining life of one month to six years with renewal options included in the contracts.

On March 17, 2022, the Company completed the sale and leaseback of its Bolton Property, a parcel of land including all buildings, in Bolton, Ontario (Note 15). The Company intends to lease the Bolton property for a period of 28 months until such time that the replacement property is available for the relocation of the Company’s operations. The lease has an initial rent-free period of two years and an option to renew the lease for two additional one-year periods, during which time the lease is cancellable at one month’s notice. Upon completion of the sale, the Company recorded a $16,587,000 ROU asset representing the right of use of the Bolton property for the estimated lease term and a $4,477,000 long term lease liability representing the obligation to make lease payments arising from the operating lease at the end of the initial two-year period.

The Company’s breakdown of lease expense is as follows:

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease cost	$	4,711	$	4,600
Finance lease cost
Amortization of leased assets		2,632		2,588
Interest on lease liabilities		174		221
Short-term lease cost		3,463		2,661
Sublease income		—		(15)
	$	10,980	$	10,055

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Commitments

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Commitments

Commitments

22.    Commitments

Commitment for inventory purchases

The Company was awarded two new contracts with the U.S. Government Defense Logistics Agency (the “DLA”) on April 1, 2021. The new contracts (one for the Eastern portion of the United States and one for the Western portion of the United States) cover both surplus non-rolling and rolling stock. Both contracts commenced on June 1, 2021 and have a base term of two years with three one-year renewal options. 

During the first two years of the contracts, the Company is committed to purchase on a combined basis up to either: (i) 600,000 assets, or (ii) assets with an expected minimum value of up to $77,000,000; whichever is less. As at March 31, 2022, the Company has purchased 196,412 assets with a total value of $38,137,000 pursuant to the two year period of this contract, which commenced on June 1, 2021.

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Contingencies

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Contingencies

Contingencies

23.    Contingencies

Legal and other claims

The Company is subject to legal and other claims that arise in the ordinary course of its business. Management does not believe that the results of these claims will have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet or consolidated income statement.

Guarantee contracts

In the normal course of business, the Company will in certain situations guarantee to a consignor a minimum level of proceeds in connection with the sale at auction of that consignor’s equipment.

At March 31, 2022, there were $70,163,000 of assets guaranteed under contract, of which 94% is expected to be sold prior to June 30, 2022, with the remainder to be sold by December 31, 2022 (December 31, 2021: $43,450,000 of which 61% was expected to be sold prior to the end of March 31, 2022 with the remainder to be sold by December 31, 2022).

The outstanding guarantee amounts are undiscounted and before estimated proceeds from sale at auction.

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Subsequent events

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Subsequent events

Subsequent Events

24. Subsequent events

The Company notified the CMA of its decision to discontinue the Phase 2 review on April 29, 2022 in relation to the proposed Euro Auctions acquisition (Note 5(b)) and, accordingly, redeemed all of its 2021 Notes held in escrow effective as of May 4, 2022 (Note 17b) and terminated its deal contingent forward contracts in April 2022. (Note 13).

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Significant accounting policies (Policies)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Significant accounting policies

Basis of preparation

(a) Basis of preparation

These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements have been prepared in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“US GAAP”). They include the accounts of Ritchie Bros. Auctioneers Incorporated and its subsidiaries from their respective dates of formation or acquisition. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Certain information and footnote disclosure required by US GAAP for complete annual financial statements have been omitted and, therefore, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2021, included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). These unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements follow the same accounting policies and methods of application as our most recent annual audited consolidated financial statements except as described in Note 2(b) “ New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies”. In the opinion of management, these unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary to present fairly, in all material respects, the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, cash flows and changes in equity for the interim periods presented. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

On February 24, 2022, the geopolitical situation in Eastern Europe intensified with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, sharply affecting economic and global financial markets. Subsequent economic sanctions of Russia have exacerbated ongoing economic challenges, including issues such as rising inflation and global supply chain disruption. The Company does not have any direct or significant operations in Russia or Ukraine, or any material operations in neighboring countries and only has limited number of direct customers in the effected region. The extent of the ongoing impacts of the conflict on our operational and financial performance, including our ability to execute on our business strategies and initiatives and sustain our operations in Europe and globally, will depend on future developments, including the continued evolvement of military activity and sanctions imposed with Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. Given the evolving nature of the crisis, the Company cannot currently reasonably estimate the impacts of the conflict on its business operations, results of operations, cash flows or financial performance.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in the prior period financial statements have been reclassified from selling, general and administrative expenses to cost of services for certain employee costs related to equipment inspections to conform to the presentation of the current period financial statements.

New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies

(b) New and amended accounting standards and accounting policies

New accounting policies

Sale and leaseback

The transfer of the asset shall not be accounted for as a sale if the leaseback would be classified as a finance lease or a sales-type lease. For sale and leaseback transactions, the Company applies the requirements of ASC 606 Revenue from Contracts with Customers to determine whether the transfer of the asset should be accounted for as a sale and applies ASC 842 Leases when accounting for the sale and leaseback transactions. If the transfer of the asset is a sale, the Company derecognizes the underlying asset and recognizes the gain on sale of property, plant and equipment. The Company recognizes a lease obligation arising from the leaseback and the corresponding ROU asset. If the fair value of the consideration for the sale of an asset does not equal the fair value of the asset, or if the payments for the lease are not at market rates, the Company will make adjustments to measure the sale proceeds at fair value. Any below-market terms are accounted for as a prepayment of lease payments and any above- market terms are accounted for as additional financing provided by the buyer-lessor. If the transaction does not qualify for sale and leaseback accounting treatment, and control of the asset has not transferred, then the asset is not derecognized, and no gain or loss is recorded as the transaction is accounted for as a financing transaction.

New and amended accounting standards

In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers. The update primarily addresses the accounting for contract assets and contract liabilities from revenue contracts with customers acquired in a business combination. The update requires that an acquirer recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities acquired in a business combination in accordance with ASC 606 - Revenue from Contracts with Customers, whereas prior to the adoption of the update, contract assets acquired and contract liabilities assumed in a business combination were recognized at fair value on the acquisition date. The amendments in this update are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the amendments is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. An entity that early adopts in an interim period should apply the amendments (1) retrospectively to all business combinations for which the acquisition date occurs on or after the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period of early application and (2) prospectively to all business combinations that occur on or after the date of initial application. The Company has early adopted the update as of October 1, 2021 and therefore has applied the amendments to all acquisitions completed since January 1, 2021, which includes only the acquisition of SmartEquip, which was completed on November 2, 2021.

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Business Combinations (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Schedule of fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their related estimated useful lives

SmartEquip [Member]

Business Acquisition [Line Items]

Schedule of purchase price allocation

Purchase price	$	173,806
Assets acquired:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	2,039
Trade and other receivables		2,926
Other current assets		486
Property, plant and equipment		120
Other non-current assets		75
Deferred tax assets		8,932
Intangible assets		71,700
Liabilities assumed:
Trade and other liabilities		1,239
Deferred revenue		3,565
Other non-current liabilities		119
Deferred tax liabilities		18,192
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired		63,163
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	$	110,643

Schedule of fair values of the identifiable intangible assets acquired and their related estimated useful lives

	Fair value		Weighted average
Asset	at acquisition		amortization period
Customer relationships	$	50,700	4 - 15 years
Software and technology assets		18,900	7 years
Trade names and trademarks		1,000	3 years
Backlog		1,100	2 years
Total	$	71,700	11.3 years

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Segmented information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Segmented information

Schedule of Revenue and Net income by Segment

	Three months ended March 31, 2022
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	—	$	116,375
Fees		84,629		43,857		128,486
Total service revenue		201,004		43,857		244,861
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		—		149,060
Total revenue	$	350,064	$	43,857	$	393,921
Costs of services		25,574		13,441		39,015
Cost of inventory sold		131,582		—		131,582
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")		108,811		17,795		126,606
Segment profit	$	84,097	$	12,621	$	96,718
Acquisition-related costs						9,637
Depreciation and amortization expenses ("D&A")						24,225
Foreign exchange gain						(164)
Total operating expenses					$	330,901
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment ("PPE")						169,820
Operating income					$	232,840
Interest expense						(20,686)
Change in fair value of derivatives						1,263
Other income, net						920
Income tax expense						(36,236)
Net income					$	178,101

	Three months ended March 31, 2021
	A&M		Other		Consolidated
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	103,975	$	—	$	103,975
Fees		68,096		33,959		102,055
Total service revenue		172,071		33,959		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		125,525		—		125,525
Total revenue	$	297,596	$	33,959	$	331,555
Costs of services		24,304		13,562		37,866
Cost of inventory sold		110,747		—		110,747
SG&A expenses		102,781		11,458		114,239
Segment profit	$	59,764	$	8,939	$	68,703
Acquisition-related costs						2,922
D&A expenses						21,070
Foreign exchange loss						277
Total operating expenses					$	287,121
Gain on disposition of PPE						68
Operating income					$	44,502
Interest expense						(8,946)
Other income, net						1,002
Income tax expense						(8,419)
Net income					$	28,139

Geographic Information of Revenue

	United
Total revenue for the three months ended:	States		Canada		Australia		Europe		Other		Consolidated
March 31, 2022	$	247,950	$	65,233	$	29,075	$	37,820	$	13,843	$	393,921
March 31, 2021		207,414		48,478		19,563		47,176		8,924		331,555

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Revenue (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Revenue

Revenue from the Rendering of Services

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Service revenue:
Commissions	$	116,375	$	103,975
Fees		128,486		102,055
		244,861		206,030
Inventory sales revenue		149,060		125,525
	$	393,921	$	331,555

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Operating expenses (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Operating expenses

Schedule of Direct Operating Expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Ancillary and logistical service expenses	$	10,755	$	12,269
Employee compensation expenses		15,921		14,530
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		3,854		2,701
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		5,172		4,518
Other costs of services		3,313		3,848
	$	39,015	$	37,866

Schedule of Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Wages, salaries and benefits	$	77,487	$	76,957
Share-based compensation expense		5,386		3,778
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses		20,086		17,343
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses		7,974		5,162
Professional fees		9,747		5,032
Other SG&A expenses		5,926		5,967
	$	126,606	$	114,239

Schedule Of Acquisition Related Expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SmartEquip:
Share-based continuing employment costs		659		—
Other acquisition-related costs		516		—
Euro Auctions:
Other acquisition-related costs		6,693		—
Rouse:
Share-based continuing employment costs		1,474		2,553
Other acquisition-related costs		295		369
	$	9,637	$	2,922

Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization Expenses

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Depreciation expense	$	7,746	$	7,837
Amortization expense		16,479		13,233
	$	24,225	$	21,070

XML

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders

Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2022	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	178,094	110,647,700	$	1.61
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	450,259		—
Stock options		—	557,902		(0.01)
Diluted	$	178,094	111,655,861	$	1.60

	Net income		WA	Per
	attributable to		number	share
Three months ended March 31, 2021	stockholders		of shares	amount
Basic	$	28,188	109,972,997	$	0.26
Effect of dilutive securities:
Share units		—	579,133		—
Stock options		—	715,262		(0.01)
Diluted	$	28,188	111,267,392	$	0.25

XML

Supplemental cash flow information (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Supplemental cash flow information

Schedule of Net Changes in Operating Assets and Liabilities

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Trade and other receivables	$	(142,307)	$	(160,435)
Inventory		23,238		12,420
Advances against auction contracts		(4,956)		(1,085)
Prepaid expenses and deposits		12,208		(2,569)
Income taxes receivable		368		(1,624)
Auction proceeds payable		244,965		304,261
Trade and other liabilities		(21,986)		(16,623)
Income taxes payable		19,499		(13,720)
Operating lease obligation		(2,718)		(2,274)
Other		390		(496)
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities	$	128,701	$	117,855

Schedule of Supplemental Cash Flow

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized	$	19,152	$	14,914
Interest received		544		303
Net income taxes paid		4,067		23,681
Non-cash purchase of property, plant and equipment under finance lease		2,483		2,084
Non-cash right of use assets obtained (reassessed) in exchange for new lease obligations		4,679		6,234

Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	440,120	$	326,113
Restricted cash
Current		150,203		102,875
Non-current		939,755		933,464
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	1,530,078	$	1,362,452

XML

Fair value measurement (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Fair value measurement

Fair Value Assets Recurring and Nonrecurring

		March 31, 2022				December 31, 2021
		Carrying				Carrying
	Category	amount		Fair value		amount		Fair value
Fair values disclosed:
Cash and cash equivalents	Level 1	$	440,120	$	440,120	$	326,113	$	326,113
Restricted cash	Level 1		1,089,958		1,089,958		1,036,339		1,036,339
Loans receivable	Level 2		7,278		7,278		7,267		7,267
Derivative financial assets
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		751		751
Forward currency contract	Level 2		576		576		—		—
Derivative financial liabilities
Deal contingent forward contract	Level 3		—		—		2,005		2,005
Short-term debt	Level 2		22,083		22,083		6,147		6,147
Long-term debt
Senior unsecured notes (as defined in Note 17)
2016 Notes	Level 1		494,973		507,188		494,531		508,125
2021 USD Notes	Level 2		597,397		589,500		598,052		625,125
2021 CAD Notes	Level 2		338,007		330,624		332,337		339,100
Term loan	Level 2		94,661		95,044		92,821		93,226
Long-term revolver loans	Level 2		56,946		57,000		219,699		219,772

XML

Trade and other receivables (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Trade and other receivables

Schedule of activity in the allowance for expected credit losses

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	(4,396)
Current period provision		(223)
Write-offs charged against the allowance		280
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	(4,339)

XML

Other current assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other current assets

Schedule of Other current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Advances against auction contracts	$	8,974	$	4,102
Assets held for sale		10,830		17,538
Prepaid expenses and deposits		30,319		41,955
Derivative financial asset		576		751
	$	50,699	$	64,346

Summary of Assets held for sale

Balance, December 31, 2021	$	17,538
Reclassified from property, plant and equipment		359
Disposal		(7,067)
Balance, March 31, 2022	$	10,830

XML

Other non-current assets (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other non-current assets

Schedule of Other non-current assets

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Right-of-use assets	$	128,796	$	114,414
Tax receivable		10,747		10,289
Loans receivable		817		—
Deferred debt issue costs		5,147		5,236
Other		12,367		12,565
	$	157,874	$	142,504

XML

Debt (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Debt

Schedule of Debt

	Carrying amount
	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Short-term debt	$	22,083	$	6,147
Long-term debt:
Revolving facilities and delayed-draw term loan facility:
Delayed-draw term loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.30%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		95,044		93,283
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		46,206
Long-term revolver loan denominated in Canadian dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 2.29%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		-		56,492
Long-term revolver loan denominated in U.S. dollars, secured, bearing interest at a weighted average rate of 1.89%, due in monthly installments of interest only, maturing in September 2026		57,000		117,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(437)		(463)
Senior unsecured notes:
Bearing interest at 5.375% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in January 2025 (the "2016 Notes")		500,000		500,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(5,027)		(5,469)
Bearing interest at 4.75% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2031 (the "2021 USD Notes")		600,000		600,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(2,603)		(1,948)
Bearing interest at 4.95% due in semi-annual installments, with the full amount of principal due in December 2029 (the "2021 CAD Notes")		339,755		333,464
Less: unamortized debt issue costs		(1,748)		(1,127)
Total long-term debt		1,581,984		1,737,438
Total debt	$	1,604,067	$	1,743,585
Long-term debt:
Current portion	$	3,564	$	3,498
Non-current portion		1,578,420		1,733,940
Total long-term debt	$	1,581,984	$	1,737,438

XML

Other non-current liabilities (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Other non-current liabilities

Schedule of other non-current liabilities

	March 31,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease liability	$	112,892	$	109,882
Tax payable		19,209		18,859
Finance lease liability		13,747		13,983
Other		4,257		4,536
	$	150,105	$	147,260

XML

Equity and dividends (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Schedule of shares issuance activity

	Equity-classified awards									Liability-classified awards
	PSUs			PSUs with Market Conditions			RSUs			DSUs
		WA grant			WA grant			WA grant				WA grant
		date fair			date fair			date fair				date fair
	Number	value		Number	value		Number	value			Number	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	523,618	$	45.90	88,305	$	65.45	79,112	$	54.96		156,589	$	35.28
Granted	151,873		57.52	—		—	33,440		57.67		5,966		54.27
Vested and settled	(93,241)		36.42	—		—	(21,221)		46.43		—		—
Forfeited	(1,165)		50.35	—		—	(866)		54.15		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	581,085	$	50.45	88,305	$	65.45	90,465	$	57.97		162,555	$	35.97

Schedule of Quarterly Dividends Declared and Paid

The Company declared and paid the following dividends during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021:

		Dividend			Total
	Declaration date	per share		Record date	dividends		Payment date
Fourth quarter 2021	January 21, 2022	$	0.2500	February 11, 2022	$	27,659	March 4, 2022
Fourth quarter 2020	January 22, 2021	$	0.2200	February 12, 2021	$	24,181	March 5, 2021

Shares issued for business combination [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Schedule of shares issuance activity

	Rouse			SmartEquip			Total
								Weighted average
	Common	Fair value		Common	Fair value		Common	fair value
	shares	per common		shares	per common		shares	per common
	issued	shares		issued	shares		issued	shares
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	—		—	—		—	—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	189,665	$	71.09	63,971	$	68.39	253,636	$	70.41
Outstanding, December 31, 2020	312,193	$	71.09	—	$	—	312,193	$	71.09
Granted	—		—	—		—	—		—
Vested	—		—	—		—	—		—
Forfeited	(55,510)		71.09	—		—	(55,510)		71.09
Outstanding, March 31, 2021	256,683	$	71.09	—	$	—	256,683	$	71.09

XML

Share-based payments (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Compensation Costs Related to Share-Based Payments

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
SG&A expenses:
Stock option compensation expense	$	2,567	$	1,861
Equity-classified share units		2,890		3,153
Liability-classified share units		(756)		(1,915)
Employee share purchase plan - employer contributions		685		679
		5,386		3,778
Acquisition-related costs:
Share-based continuing employment costs		2,133		2,553
		2,133		2,553
	$	7,519	$	6,331

Summary of Stock Option Activity

	Stock options							Premium-priced stock options
				WA							WA
	Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate		Common	WA		remaining		Aggregate
	shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic		shares under	exercise		contractual		intrinsic
	option	price		life (in years)		value		option	price		life (in years)		value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	2,208,057		42.55		7.7		41,884	1,017,064		91.24		5.7		—
Granted	629,877		57.70		—		—	—		—		—		—
Exercised	(25,942)		38.01		—		573	—		—		—		—
Forfeited	(6,255)		43.02		—		—	(9,576)		90.93		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	2,805,737		45.99		8.0		37,437	1,007,488		91.24		5.4		—
Exercisable, March 31, 2022	1,338,173		37.19		6.7		29,251	1,192		90.93		5.6		—

Summary of Share Unit Activity

	Equity-classified awards									Liability-classified awards
	PSUs			PSUs with Market Conditions			RSUs			DSUs
		WA grant			WA grant			WA grant				WA grant
		date fair			date fair			date fair				date fair
	Number	value		Number	value		Number	value			Number	value
Outstanding, December 31, 2021	523,618	$	45.90	88,305	$	65.45	79,112	$	54.96		156,589	$	35.28
Granted	151,873		57.52	—		—	33,440		57.67		5,966		54.27
Vested and settled	(93,241)		36.42	—		—	(21,221)		46.43		—		—
Forfeited	(1,165)		50.35	—		—	(866)		54.15		—		—
Outstanding, March 31, 2022	581,085	$	50.45	88,305	$	65.45	90,465	$	57.97		162,555	$	35.97

Stock Options [Member]

Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]

Summary of Significant Assumptions Used to Estimate the Fair Value of Stock Options

Three months ended March 31,	2022		2021
Risk free interest rate	2.1	%	0.5	%
Expected dividend yield	1.75	%	1.66	%
Expected lives of the stock options	4	years	4	years
Expected volatility	31.7	%	32.3	%

XML

Leases (Tables)

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2022

Leases

Breakdown of Lease Expense

	Three months ended
	March 31,
	2022		2021
Operating lease cost	$	4,711	$	4,600
Finance lease cost
Amortization of leased assets		2,632		2,588
Interest on lease liabilities		174		221
Short-term lease cost		3,463		2,661
Sublease income		—		(15)
	$	10,980	$	10,055

XML

Business Combinations (Narrative) (Details)					3 Months Ended
	Dec. 23, 2021 GBP (£)	Nov. 02, 2021 USD ($) shares	Aug. 09, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 09, 2021 GBP (£)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition-related costs					$ 9,637,000	$ 2,922,000
SmartEquip [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration		$ 173,806,000			173,806,000
Increased in purchase price due to adjustment in net working capital adjustment					63,000
Total purchase price		$ 173,743,000
Maximum period to identify and measure the assets acquired and liabilities assumed		1 year
Common stock consideration (in shares) | shares		63,971
Number of common shares expected to vest		0.33%
Vesting period		3 years
Cash consideration | £				£ 775,000,000
Share based continuing employment costs					659,000
Acquisition-related costs for legal, advisory, integration and other professional fees					1,175,000
SmartEquip [Member] | Employment Costs [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Common stock consideration fair value		$ 4,375,000
Acquisition-related costs					659,000
SmartEquip [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition-related costs					516,000
Rouse Services LLC [Member] | Employment Costs [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition-related costs					1,474,000	2,553,000
Rouse Services LLC [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition-related costs					295,000	$ 369,000
Euro Auctions Limited [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash consideration			$ 1,020,000,000.00
Euro Auctions Limited [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Acquisition-related costs					$ 6,693,000
U.S Dollar Forward Contract [Member] | Euro Auctions Limited [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration | £	£ 343,000,000
Canadian Dollar Forward Contract [Member] | Euro Auctions Limited [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Total consideration | £	£ 775,000,000

XML

Business Combinations (Schedule of Purchase Price Allocation) (Details) - USD ($)		3 Months Ended
	Nov. 02, 2021	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill acquired on acquisition		$ 947,798,000	$ 947,715,000
SmartEquip [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Purchase price	$ 173,806,000	$ 173,806,000
Cash and cash equivalents	2,039,000
Trade and other receivables	2,926,000
Other current assets	486,000
Property, plant and equipment	120,000
Other non-current assets	75,000
Deferred tax assets	8,932,000
Intangible assets	71,700,000
Trade and other liabilities	1,239,000
Deferred revenue	3,565,000
Other non-current liabilities	119,000
Deferred tax liabilities	18,192,000
Fair value of identifiable net assets acquired	63,163,000
Goodwill acquired on acquisition	110,643,000
Deferred tax assets, valuation allowance	$ 1,486,000
Weighted average amortization period	11 years 3 months 18 days
SmartEquip [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 50,700,000
SmartEquip [Member] | Software and technology assets [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 18,900,000
Weighted average amortization period	7 years
SmartEquip [Member] | Trade Names and Trademarks [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 1,000,000
Weighted average amortization period	3 years
SmartEquip [Member] | Backlog [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Intangible assets	$ 1,100,000
Weighted average amortization period	2 years
Minimum [Member] | SmartEquip [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Weighted average amortization period	4 years
Maximum [Member] | SmartEquip [Member] | Customer Relationships [Member]
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Weighted average amortization period	15 years

XML

Segmented information (Narrative) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 segment
Segmented information
Number of reportable segments	1

XML

Segmented information (Schedule of Revenue and Net income by Segment) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 393,921,000	$ 331,555,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")	126,606,000	114,239,000
Acquisition-related costs	9,637,000	2,922,000
Depreciation and amortization expenses ("D&A")	24,225,000	21,070,000
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment ("PPE")	(169,820,000)	(68,000)
Foreign exchange loss	(164,000)	277,000
Total operating expenses	330,901,000	287,121,000
Operating income	232,840,000	44,502,000
Interest expense	(20,686,000)	(8,946,000)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net	1,263,000
Other income, net	920,000	1,002,000
Income tax expense	(36,236,000)	(8,419,000)
Net income	178,101,000	28,139,000
Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	393,921,000	331,555,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")	126,606,000	114,239,000
Segment profit	96,718,000	68,703,000
Acquisition-related costs	9,637,000	2,922,000
Depreciation and amortization expenses ("D&A")	24,225,000	21,070,000
Gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment ("PPE")	169,820,000	68,000
Foreign exchange loss	(164,000)	277,000
Total operating expenses	330,901,000	287,121,000
Operating income	232,840,000	44,502,000
Interest expense	(20,686,000)	(8,946,000)
Change in fair value of derivatives, net	1,263,000
Other income, net	920,000	1,002,000
Income tax expense	(36,236,000)	(8,419,000)
Net income	178,101,000	28,139,000
Auctions and Marketplaces [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	350,064,000	297,596,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")	108,811,000	102,781,000
Segment profit	84,097,000	59,764,000
Other Reporting Unit [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	43,857,000	33,959,000
Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A")	17,795,000	11,458,000
Segment profit	12,621,000	8,939,000
Commissions
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	116,375,000	103,975,000
Commissions | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	116,375,000	103,975,000
Commissions | Auctions and Marketplaces [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	116,375,000	103,975,000
Fees
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	128,486,000	102,055,000
Fees | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	128,486,000	102,055,000
Fees | Auctions and Marketplaces [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	84,629,000	68,096,000
Fees | Other Reporting Unit [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	43,857,000	33,959,000
Service Revenues [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	244,861,000	206,030,000
Direct expenses	39,015,000	37,866,000
Service Revenues [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	244,861,000	206,030,000
Direct expenses	39,015,000	37,866,000
Service Revenues [Member] | Auctions and Marketplaces [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	201,004,000	172,071,000
Direct expenses	25,574,000	24,304,000
Service Revenues [Member] | Other Reporting Unit [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	43,857,000	33,959,000
Direct expenses	13,441,000	13,562,000
Inventory Sales Revenue [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	149,060,000	125,525,000
Direct expenses	131,582,000	110,747,000
Inventory Sales Revenue [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	149,060,000	125,525,000
Direct expenses	131,582,000	110,747,000
Inventory Sales Revenue [Member] | Auctions and Marketplaces [Member] | Operating Segments [Member]
Segment Reporting [Line Items]
Revenue	149,060,000	125,525,000
Direct expenses	$ 131,582,000	$ 110,747,000

XML

Segmented information (Geographic Information of Revenue and location of assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 393,921	$ 331,555
Property, plant and equipment	445,517		$ 449,087
United States [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	247,950	207,414
Canada [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	65,233	48,478
Australia [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	29,075	19,563
Europe [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	37,820	47,176
Other [Member]
Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets [Line Items]
Revenue	$ 13,843	$ 8,924

XML

Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Revenue	$ 393,921	$ 331,555
Service Revenues [Member]
Revenue	244,861	206,030
Commissions
Revenue	116,375	103,975
Fees
Revenue	128,486	102,055
Inventory Sales Revenue [Member]
Revenue	$ 149,060	$ 125,525

XML

Operating expenses (Schedule of Direct Operating Expenses) (Details) - Service Revenues [Member] - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Ancillary and logistical service expenses	$ 10,755	$ 12,269
Employee compensation expenses	15,921	14,530
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses	3,854	2,701
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses	5,172	4,518
Other costs of services	3,313	3,848
Total direct expenses	$ 39,015	$ 37,866

XML

Operating expenses (Schedule of Selling, General and Administrative Expenses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Operating expenses
Wages, salaries and benefits	$ 77,487	$ 76,957
Share-based compensation expense	5,386	3,778
Buildings, facilities and technology expenses	20,086	17,343
Travel, advertising and promotion expenses	7,974	5,162
Professional fees	9,747	5,032
Other SG&A expenses	5,926	5,967
Total selling, general and administrative expenses	$ 126,606	$ 114,239

XML

Operating expenses (Schedule of Acquisition Related Costs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Acquisition-related costs	$ 9,637	$ 2,922
SmartEquip [Member] | Employment Costs [Member]
Acquisition-related costs	659
SmartEquip [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Acquisition-related costs	516
Euro Auctions Limited [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Acquisition-related costs	6,693
Rouse Services LLC [Member] | Employment Costs [Member]
Acquisition-related costs	1,474	2,553
Rouse Services LLC [Member] | Other Related Costs [Member]
Acquisition-related costs	$ 295	$ 369

XML

Operating expenses (Schedule of Depreciation and Amortization Expenses) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Operating expenses
Depreciation expense	$ 7,746	$ 7,837
Amortization expense	16,479	13,233
Total depreciation and amortization expenses	$ 24,225	$ 21,070

XML

Income taxes (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Income taxes
Income tax expense	$ 36,236,000	$ 8,419,000
Effective income tax rate	0.17%	0.23%

XML

Earnings per share attributable to stockholders (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Net income (loss) attributable to:
Basic	$ 178,094	$ 28,188
Diluted	$ 178,094	$ 28,188
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Basic	110,647,700	109,972,997
Effect of dilutive securities:		111,267,392
Diluted	111,655,861	111,267,392
Per Share Amount
Basic	$ 1.61	$ 0.26
Diluted	$ 1.60	$ 0.25
Share Units [Member]
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Effect of dilutive securities:	450,259	579,133
Stock Options [Member]
Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
Effect of dilutive securities:	557,902
Diluted		715,262
Per Share Amount
Effect of dilutive securities:	(0.01)	(0.01)

XML

Supplemental cash flow information (Schedule of Net Changes In Operating Assets and Liabilities) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Increase (Decrease) in Operating Capital [Abstract]
Trade and other receivables	$ (142,307)	$ (160,435)
Inventory	23,238	12,420
Advances against auction contracts	(4,956)	(1,085)
Prepaid expenses and deposits	12,208	(2,569)
Income taxes receivable	368	(1,624)
Auction proceeds payable	244,965	304,261
Trade and other payables	(21,986)	(16,623)
Income taxes payable	19,499	(13,720)
Operating lease obligation	(2,718)	(2,274)
Other	390	(496)
Net changes in operating assets and liabilities	$ 128,701	$ 117,855

XML

Supplemental cash flow information (Schedule of Supplemental cash flow) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]
Interest paid, net of interest capitalized	$ 19,152	$ 14,914
Interest received	544	303
Net income taxes paid	4,067	23,681
Non-cash purchase of property, plant and equipment under finance lease	2,483	2,084
Non-cash right of use assets obtained (reassessed) in exchange for new lease obligations	$ 4,679	$ 6,234

XML

Supplemental cash flow information (Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2020
Supplemental cash flow information
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 440,120	$ 326,113
Restricted cash - Current	150,203	102,875
Restricted cash - Non-current	939,755	933,464
Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$ 1,530,078	$ 1,362,452	$ 441,620	$ 306,895

XML

Fair value measurement (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative financial asset	$ 576	$ 751
Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	440,120	326,113
Restricted Cash	1,089,958	1,036,339
Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loan receivables	7,278	7,267
Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Forward Contracts [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative financial asset	576
Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Deal Contingent Forward Contract [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative financial asset		751
Derivative financial liability		2,005
Deal contingent forward		2,005
Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Cash and cash equivalents	440,120	326,113
Restricted Cash	1,089,958	1,036,339
Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Loan receivables	7,278	7,267
Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member] | Forward Contracts [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative financial asset	576
Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 3 [Member] | Deal Contingent Forward Contract [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Derivative financial asset		751
Derivative financial liability		2,005
Deal contingent forward		2,005
Short-term Debt [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	22,083	6,147
Short-term Debt [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	22,083	6,147
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2016 Notes [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	494,973	494,531
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2016 Notes [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 1 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	507,188	508,125
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2021 USD Notes [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	597,397	598,052
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2021 USD Notes [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	589,500	625,125
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2021 CAD Notes [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	338,007	332,337
Long-term Debt [Member] | 2021 CAD Notes [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	330,624	339,100
Delayed Draw Term Loans [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	94,661	92,821
Delayed Draw Term Loans [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	95,044	93,226
Revolver Loan [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | Carrying Amount [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	56,946	219,699
Revolver Loan [Member] | Long-term Debt [Member] | Fair Value [Member] | Recurring [Member] | Level 2 [Member]
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Debt instrument	$ 57,000	$ 219,772

XML

Derivative financial instruments (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) contract	Mar. 31, 2022 CAD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 CAD ($) contract
Derivative [Line Items]
Change in fair value of derivatives, net	$ 1,263,000
Deal Contingent Forward Contract [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Change in fair value of derivatives, net		$ 1,263,000
Forward Contracts [Member]
Derivative [Line Items]
Derivative, term of contract	30 days	30 days
Notional amounts	$ 60,000,000
Change in fair value of derivatives, net	$ 576,000
Number of derivative instruments held | contract	2		2
Derivative exposure			$ 343,000,000
Purchase consideration, proposed auction acquisitions		$ 775,000,000
Forward Contracts [Member] | US Dollar
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amounts			216,000,000
Forward Contracts [Member] | Canada Dollars
Derivative [Line Items]
Notional amounts			$ 127,000,000

XML

Trade and other receivables (Details) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Activity in the allowance for expected credit losses
Loans receivable	$ 817
Balance, December 31, 2021	(4,396)
Current period provision	(223)
Write-off charged against the allowance	280
Balance, March 31, 2022	$ (4,339)
Financing Receivable [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Activity in the allowance for expected credit losses
Term of financing lending arrangement	1 year
Financing Receivable [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Activity in the allowance for expected credit losses
Term of financing lending arrangement	4 years

XML

Other current assets (Narrative) (Details)			3 Months Ended
	Mar. 17, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 17, 2022 CAD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Proceeds on disposition of assets			$ 164,659,000	$ 66,000
Initial lease term	2 years	2 years
Recognized gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment	$ 169,092,000
Lease term	2 years
Renewal term	1 year
Assets held for sale			$ 10,830,000		$ 17,538,000
Bolton, Ontario [Member]
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Lease term	2 years
Sale consideration	$ 165,000,000	$ 208,195,000
Net book value of property plant and equipment	$ 7,067,000
Arizona, United States [Member] | Disposal Group, Held-for-sale, Not Discontinued Operations [Member]
Income Statement, Balance Sheet and Additional Disclosures by Disposal Groups, Including Discontinued Operations [Line Items]
Assets held for sale					$ 10,500,000

XML

Other current assets (Schedule of Other Current Assets) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other current assets
Advances against auction contracts	$ 8,974	$ 4,102
Assets held for sale	10,830	17,538
Prepaid expenses and deposits	30,319	41,955
Derivative financial asset	576	751
Other Current Assets	$ 50,699	$ 64,346

XML

Other current assets (Summary of Assets Held For Sale) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 17, 2022
Other current assets
Beginning balance	$ 17,538
Reclassified from property, plant and equipment	359
Disposal	(7,067)
Ending balance	$ 10,830
Renewal term		1 year

XML

Other non-current assets (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 17, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Loans receivable	$ 7,278,000		$ 7,267,000
Right-of-use assets	128,796,000		114,414,000
Bolton Properties Sale Leaseback Transaction [Member]
Right-of-use assets	16,587,000	$ 16,587,000
Non-current Loans Receivable [Member]
Loans receivable	817,000		0
Trade and Other Receivables [Member]
Loans receivable	$ 6,461,000		$ 7,267,000
Financing Receivable [Member] | Minimum [Member]
Term of financing lending arrangement	1 year
Financing Receivable [Member] | Maximum [Member]
Term of financing lending arrangement	4 years

XML

Other non-current assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other non-current assets
Right-of-use assets	$ 128,796	$ 114,414
Tax receivable	10,747	10,289
Loans receivable	817
Deferred debt issue costs	5,147	5,236
Other	12,367	12,565
Other non-current assets	$ 157,874	$ 142,504

XML

Debt (Narrative) (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 CAD ($)	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Dec. 21, 2021 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Aug. 31, 2021 CAD ($)	Dec. 21, 2016 USD ($)
Debt [Line Items]
Repayment of debt	$ 162,698,000	$ 2,626,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	2.30%		2.30%	1.80%
Fourth Amendment of the Credit Agreement [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity						$ 1,045,000,000
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	$ 5,584,000
5.375% Senior Unsecured Note, Due January 2025 [Member] | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Principal amount									$ 500,000,000
Outstanding debt	500,000,000			$ 500,000,000
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	$ 5,027,000			5,469,000
Interest rate	5.375%		5.375%						5.375%
Maturity date	Jan. 15, 2025
4.75% Senior Unsecured Note, Due December 2031 (2021 USD Notes) | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	4.75%		4.75%
Outstanding debt	$ 600,000,000			600,000,000
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	$ 2,603,000			1,948,000
4.95% Senior Unsecured Note, Due December 2029 (2021 CAD Notes) | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Weighted average interest rate	4.95%		4.95%
Outstanding debt	$ 339,755,000			333,464,000
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	$ 1,748,000			$ 1,127,000
2021 USD Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Principal amount					$ 600,000,000
Redemption price percentage	100.00%
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	$ 2,663,000
Interest rate					4.75%
2021 USD Notes [Member] | GS Bank [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs	10,000,000
2021 CAD Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Principal amount					$ 425,000,000
Unamortized deferred debt issue costs			$ 1,779,000
2021 CAD Notes [Member] | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Interest rate					4.95%
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Revolving credit facilities, Maturing September 2026 [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity	662,519,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Revolving credit facilities, Maturing October 2023 [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Available borrowing capacity	5,000,000
Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | Revolving credit facilities, No Maturity [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Available borrowing capacity	$ 5,000,000
Delayed-draw Term Loan Facility [Member] | Fourth Amendment of the Credit Agreement [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity						$ 295,000,000
Outstanding debt							$ 90,000,000	$ 118,889,995
Remaining borrowing capacity			$ 205,000,000
Annual amortization rate	5.00%

XML

Debt (Summary of Debt) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Dec. 21, 2016
Debt [Line Items]
Short-term debt	$ 22,083	$ 6,147
Total long-term debt	1,581,984	1,737,438
Total debt	1,604,067	1,743,585
Current portion	3,564	3,498
Non-current portion	1,578,420	1,733,940
Delayed Draw Term Loans [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Less: unamortized debt issue costs	(437)	(463)
2.30% Term Loan, Due September 2026 [Member] | Delayed Draw Term Loans [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt	$ 95,044	93,283
Weighted average interest rate	2.30%
Long-term revolver loan, 2.29% Maturing September 2026 [Member] | Revolver Loan [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt		46,206
Weighted average interest rate	2.29%
Long-term revolver loan, 2.29% Maturing September 2026 [Member] | Revolver Loan [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt		56,492
Weighted average interest rate	2.29%
Long-term revolver loan, 1.89% Maturing September 2026 [Member] | Revolver Loan [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt	$ 57,000	117,000
Weighted average interest rate	1.89%
5.375% Senior Unsecured Note, Due January 2025 [Member] | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt	$ 500,000	500,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs	$ (5,027)	(5,469)
Interest rate	5.375%		5.375%
Maturity date	Jan. 15, 2025
4.75% Senior Unsecured Note, Due December 2031 (2021 USD Notes) | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt	$ 600,000	600,000
Less: unamortized debt issue costs	$ (2,603)	(1,948)
Weighted average interest rate	4.75%
4.95% Senior Unsecured Note, Due December 2029 (2021 CAD Notes) | Senior Unsecured Notes [Member]
Debt [Line Items]
Long-term Debt	$ 339,755	333,464
Less: unamortized debt issue costs	$ (1,748)	$ (1,127)
Weighted average interest rate	4.95%

XML

Other non-current liabilities (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 17, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Other non-current liabilities
Operating lease liability	$ 112,892,000	$ 4,477,000	$ 109,882,000
Tax payable	19,209,000		18,859,000
Finance lease liability	13,747,000		13,983,000
Other	4,257,000		4,536,000
Total other non-current liabilities	$ 150,105,000		$ 147,260,000

XML

Equity and dividends (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)			1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jun. 17, 2022	May 27, 2022	Apr. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021	Dec. 31, 2021
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Preferred shares issued				0
Shares forfeited					55,510
Stock repurchased during period, shares				0	0
Gain (Loss) from intra-entity foreign currency transactions				$ (884,000)	$ 3,654,000	$ 3,654,000
Shares issued for business combination [Member]
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Unrecognized share based continuing employment costs				$ 8,600,026		$ 14,576,000
Unrecognized share based continuing employment costs, weighted average period for recognition				1 year 6 months
Subsequent Event [Member]
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Dividends declared (USD per share)			$ 0.25
Dividends payable date	Jun. 17, 2022
Dividends, date of record		May 27, 2022
Rouse Services LLC [Member]
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Shares forfeited					55,510

XML

Equity and dividends (Schedule of shares issuance activity) (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Common shares issued
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	253,636	312,193
Granted, Shares
Forfeited, Shares		(55,510)
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	253,636	256,683
Fair Value of common shares
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 70.41	$ 71.09
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)		71.09
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 70.41	$ 71.09
SmartEquip [Member]
Common shares issued
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	63,971
Granted, Shares
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	63,971
Fair Value of common shares
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 68.39
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 68.39
Rouse Services LLC [Member]
Common shares issued
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	189,665	312,193
Granted, Shares
Forfeited, Shares		(55,510)
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	189,665	256,683
Fair Value of common shares
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 71.09	$ 71.09
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)		71.09
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 71.09	$ 71.09

XML

Equity and dividends (Schedule of Quarterly Dividends Declared and Paid) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Fourth Quarter 2021 [Member]
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Declaration date	Jan. 21, 2022
Dividend per share	$ 0.2500
Record date	Feb. 11, 2022
Total dividends	$ 27,659
Payment date	Mar. 04, 2022
Fourth Quarter 2020 [Member]
Dividends Payable [Line Items]
Declaration date		Jan. 22, 2021
Dividend per share		$ 0.2200
Record date		Feb. 12, 2021
Total dividends		$ 24,181
Payment date		Mar. 05, 2021

XML

Share-based payments (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Maximum employee contribution, percentage	4.00%
Granted, Shares
Minimum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employer matching contribution, percentage	50.00%
Maximum [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Employer matching contribution, percentage	100.00%
Performance Share Unit Plans [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Market value of shares vested and released	$ 0	$ 0
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 13,210,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, period for recognition	2 years 7 months 6 days
Premium Priced Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 7,063,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, period for recognition	2 years 6 months
Performance Share Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 17,735,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, period for recognition	2 years 2 months 12 days
Performance Share Units With Market Conditions [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 4,555,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, period for recognition	2 years 4 months 24 days
Restricted Share Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 3,636,000
Unrecognized compensation costs, period for recognition	1 year 9 months 18 days
Deferred Share Units [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation costs	$ 0
Share unit liability	$ 9,596,000	$ 10,056,000

XML

Share-based payments (Compensation Costs) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Total compensation costs related to share based payments	$ 7,519	$ 6,331
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Stock option compensation expense	2,567	1,861
Equity-classified share units	2,890	3,153
Liability-classified share units	(756)	(1,915)
Employee share purchase plan - employer contributions	685	679
Total compensation costs related to share based payments	5,386	3,778
Acquisition-related Costs [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Compensation Cost [Line Items]
Share based continuing employment costs	2,133	2,553
Total compensation costs related to share based payments	$ 2,133	$ 2,553

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Share-based payments (Summary of Stock Option Activity) (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Common shares under option	2,208,057
Granted, Common shares under option	629,877
Exercised, Common shares under option	(25,942)
Forfeited, Common shares under option	(6,255)
Outstanding ending balance, Common shares under option	2,805,737	2,208,057
Exercisable, Common shares under option	1,338,173
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	$ 42.55
Granted, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	57.70
Exercised, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	38.01
Forfeited, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	43.02
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	45.99	$ 42.55
Exercisable, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	$ 37.19
Outstanding, Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years)	8 years	7 years 8 months 12 days
Exercisable, Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years)	6 years 8 months 12 days
Outstanding beginning balance, Aggregate intrinsic value	$ 41,884
Exercised, Aggregate intrinsic value	573
Outstanding ending balance, Aggregate intrinsic value	37,437	$ 41,884
Exercisable, Aggregate intrinsic value	$ 29,251
Premium Priced Stock Options [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Common shares under option	1,017,064
Forfeited, Common shares under option	(9,576)
Outstanding ending balance, Common shares under option	1,007,488	1,017,064
Exercisable, Common shares under option	1,192
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	$ 91.24
Forfeited, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	90.93
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	91.24	$ 91.24
Exercisable, Weighted average exercise price (per share)	$ 90.93
Outstanding, Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years)	5 years 4 months 24 days	5 years 8 months 12 days
Exercisable, Weighted average remaining contractual life (in years)	5 years 7 months 6 days

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Share-based payments (Summary of Stock Option Pricing Assumptions) (Details) - Stock Options [Member]	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Risk free interest rate	2.10%	0.50%
Expected dividend yield	1.75%	1.66%
Expected lives of the stock options	4 years	4 years
Expected volatility	31.70%	32.30%

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Share-based payments (Summary of Share Unit Activity) (Details) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	253,636	312,193
Granted, Shares
Forfeited, Shares		(55,510)
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	253,636	256,683
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 70.41	$ 71.09
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)		71.09
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 70.41	$ 71.09
Performance Share Units [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	523,618
Granted, Shares	151,873
Vested, Shares	(93,241)
Forfeited, Shares	(1,165)
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	581,085
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 45.90
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	57.52
Vested and settled, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	36.42
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	50.35
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 50.45
Performance Share Units With Market Conditions [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	88,305
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	88,305
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 65.45
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 65.45
Restricted Share Units [Member] | Equity Securities [Member]
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	79,112
Granted, Shares	33,440
Vested, Shares	(21,221)
Forfeited, Shares	(866)
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	90,465
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 54.96
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	57.67
Vested and settled, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	46.43
Forfeited, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	54.15
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 57.97
Deferred Share Units [Member] | Debt securities
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Outstanding beginning balance, Shares	156,589
Granted, Shares	5,966
Outstanding ending balance, Shares	162,555
Outstanding beginning balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 35.28
Granted, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	54.27
Outstanding ending balance, Weighted average grant date fair value (per share)	$ 35.97

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Leases (Narrative) (Details) - USD ($)	Mar. 17, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating lease fixed term	2 years
Initial lease term	2 years
Recognized gain on disposition of property, plant and equipment	$ 169,092,000
Renewal term	1 year
Right-of-use assets		$ 128,796,000	$ 114,414,000
Operating lease liability	$ 4,477,000	$ 112,892,000	$ 109,882,000
Operating lease, additional leases term	2 years
Bolton Properties Sale Leaseback Transaction [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating leases, remaining life		28 months
Right-of-use assets	$ 16,587,000	$ 16,587,000
Minimum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating leases, remaining life		1 month
Finance leases, remaining life		1 month
Maximum [Member]
Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]
Operating leases, remaining life		18 years
Finance leases, remaining life		6 years

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Leases (Breakdown of Lease Expense) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2021
Leases
Operating lease cost	$ 4,711	$ 4,600
Amortization of leased assets	2,632	2,588
Interest on lease liabilities	174	221
Short-term lease cost	3,463	2,661
Sublease income		(15)
Lease expense	$ 10,980	$ 10,055

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Commitments (Details)		3 Months Ended
	Jun. 01, 2021 USD ($) item	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) item
Commitments
Contract period for inventory purchase	2 years
Number of one year renewal options | item	3
Period for options to extend contract period	1 year
Purchase commitment quantity | item	600,000	196,412
Purchase commitment | $	$ 77,000,000
Purchase commitment amount purchased | $		$ 38,137,000

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Contingencies (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Contingencies
Assets guaranteed under contract	$ 70,163,000	$ 43,450,000
Percentage of assets expected to be sold	94.00%	61.00%