BUSINESS OPTIMIZATION CHARGES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

We recorded the following charges related to business optimization programs in 2024, 2023 and 2022:


years ended December 31 (in millions)	2024		2023		2022
Restructuring charges	$	146	$	141	$	144
Costs to implement business optimization programs1	16		33		49

Total business optimization charges	$	162	$	174	$	193

1 Costs to implement business optimization programs for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, consisted primarily of external consulting and transition costs, including employee compensation and related costs. The costs were primarily included within cost of sales and SG&A expenses.

Components of Restructuring Costs

During the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, we recorded the following restructuring charges:


	2024
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	20	$	48	$	30	$	98
Contract termination and other costs	3		6		—		9
Asset impairments	39		—		—		39
Total restructuring charges	$	62	$	54	$	30	$	146
	2023
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	20	$	91	$	10	$	121
Contract termination and other costs	(1)		3		—		2
Asset impairments	11		7		—		18
Total restructuring charges	$	30	$	101	$	10	$	141
	2022
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	15	$	94	$	3	$	112
Contract termination and other costs	—		22		—		22
Asset impairments	—		10		—		10
Total restructuring charges	$	15	$	126	$	3	$	144

Summary of Activity in Reserves related to Business Optimization Initiatives

The following table summarizes activity in the liability related to our restructuring initiatives.


(in millions)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2021	$	75

Charges	152
Payments	(118)
Reserve adjustments	(18)
Currency translation	(5)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2022	86

Charges	146
Payments	(101)
Reserve adjustments	(23)
Currency translation	(13)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2023	95

Charges	116
Payments	(80)
Reserve adjustments	(9)
Currency translation	—
Liability balance as of December 31, 2024	$	122