BUSINESS OPTIMIZATION CHARGES (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Restructuring and Related Activities [Abstract]

We recorded the following charges related to business optimization programs in 2023, 2022, and 2021:


years ended December 31 (in millions)	2023		2022		2021
Restructuring charges	$	478	$	163	$	91
Costs to implement business optimization programs1	56		62		23

Total business optimization charges	$	534	$	225	$	114

1 Costs to implement business optimization programs for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, consisted primarily of external consulting and transition costs, including employee compensation and related costs. The costs were primarily included within cost of sales and SG&A expenses.

Components of Restructuring Costs

During the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recorded the following restructuring charges:


	2023
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	47	$	115	$	12	$	174
Contract termination and other costs	6		2		—		8
Asset impairments	289		7		—		296
Total restructuring charges	$	342	$	124	$	12	$	478
	2022
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	24	$	102	$	3	$	129
Contract termination and other costs	—		22		—		22
Asset impairments	2		10		—		12
Total restructuring charges	$	26	$	134	$	3	$	163
	2021
(in millions)	COGS		SG&A		R&D		Total
Employee termination costs	$	37	$	35	$	1	$	73
Contract termination and other costs	—		2		—		2
Asset impairments	16		—		—		16
Total restructuring charges	$	53	$	37	$	1	$	91

Summary of Activity in Reserves related to Business Optimization Initiatives

The following table summarizes activity in the liability related to our restructuring initiatives.


(in millions)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2020	$	113
Assumed in acquisition	6
Charges	94
Payments	(78)
Reserve adjustments	(19)
Currency translation	(7)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2021	109

Charges	172
Payments	(145)
Reserve adjustments	(21)
Currency translation	(8)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2022	107

Charges	212
Payments	(151)
Reserve adjustments	(30)
Currency translation	(10)
Liability balance as of December 31, 2023	$	128