Interest income and expense

9 Months Ended

Jul. 31, 2024

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Interest income and expense

Note 14. Interest income and expense

The table below provides the consolidated interest income and expense by accounting category.

	For the three months ended												For the nine months ended
$ millions			2024 Jul. 31				2024 Apr. 30				2023 Jul. 31				2024 Jul. 31				2023 Jul. 31
	Interest income		Interest expense		Interest income		Interest expense		Interest income		Interest expense		Interest income		Interest expense		Interest income		Interest expense
Measured at amortized cost (1)(2)	$	11,435	$	9,351	$	11,032	$	8,974	$	10,322	$	8,006	$	33,523	$	27,263	$	28,810	$	21,890
Debt securities measured at FVOCI (1)		976		n/a		905		n/a		697		n/a		2,748		n/a		1,955		n/a
Other (3)		1,036		564		836		518		600		377		2,683		1,629		1,797		1,044
Total	$	13,447	$	9,915	$	12,773	$	9,492	$	11,619	$	8,383	$	38,954	$	28,892	$	32,562	$	22,934

(1) Interest income for financial instruments that are measured at amortized cost and debt securities that are measured at FVOCI is calculated using the effective interest rate method.

(2) Includes interest income on sublease-related assets and interest expense on lease liabilities under IFRS 16.

(3) Includes interest income and expense and dividend income for financial instruments that are mandatorily measured and designated at FVTPL and equity securities designated at FVOCI.

n/a Not applicable.