FAIR VALUE

FASB guidance on fair value measurements, which defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosures about fair value measurements for our financial assets and liabilities, as well as for other assets and liabilities that are carried at fair value on a recurring basis in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

FASB guidance establishes a three-level fair value hierarchy based upon the assumptions (inputs) used to price assets or liabilities. The three levels of inputs used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1—Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

Level 2—Observable inputs other than those included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets or quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in inactive markets; and

Level 3—Unobservable inputs reflecting our own assumptions and best estimate of what inputs market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability.

Debt.

Our long term debt book value approximates fair market value due to the variable interest rate it bears.

Common Stock Warrant Liabilities.

Certain of our issued and outstanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock do not qualify to be treated as equity and, accordingly, are recorded as a liability.

2012 Warrant Liability

The 2012 Warrant Liability represents the fair value of the 3.4 million warrants issued in February 2012 (as adjusted pursuant to the terms of the 2012 Warrants). We are required to record these instruments at fair value at each reporting date and changes are recorded as a non-cash adjustment to earnings. The gains or losses included in earnings are reported in other income (expense) in our condensed consolidated Statement of Operations. Management does not believe that this liability will be settled by a use of cash. The 2012 Warrants expired in February 2017 and, as such, the 2012 Warrant Liability no longer exists at March 31, 2017.

The 2012 Warrant Liability is considered a Level 3 financial instrument and is valued using a Monte Carlo simulation model. This method is well suited to valuing options with non-standard features, such as anti-dilution protection. A Monte Carlo simulation model uses repeated random sampling to simulate significant uncertainty in inputs. Assumptions and inputs used in the valuation of the common stock warrants are broken down into four sections: Static Business Inputs; Static Technical Inputs; Simulated Business Inputs; and Simulated Technical Inputs.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the changes in the fair value of the liability measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were comprised of the following:



	Dollars in Thousands
	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016
Beginning balance at January 1	$	—	$	350
Total (gains) or losses:
Recognized in earnings	—		(330		)
Balance at March 31	$	—	$	20

2016 Warrant Liability

The 2016 Warrant Liability represents the fair value of the 1.8 million warrants issued in January 2016, of which, 0.8 million warrants remain outstanding as of March 31, 2017. We are required to record these instruments at fair value at each reporting date and changes are recorded as a non-cash adjustment to earnings. The gains or losses included in earnings are reported in other income (expense) in our condensed consolidated Statement of Operations.

The 2016 Warrant Liability is considered a Level 3 financial instrument and is valued using a binomial lattice simulation model. This method is well suited to valuing options with non-standard features. Assumptions and inputs used in the valuation of the common stock warrants include; our equity value, which was estimated using our stock price of $0.56 as of March 31, 2017; volatility of 115%; and a risk-free interest rate of 1.66%.

During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the changes in the fair value of the liability measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were comprised of the following:



	Dollars in Thousands
	For the Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2017		March 31, 2016
Beginning balance at January 1	$	582	$	—
Additions	—		1,437
Total (gains) or losses:
Recognized in earnings	33		9
Balance at March 31	$	615	$	1,446