Income Taxes

The Company's effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 of 30.1% and 30.4%, respectively, differs from the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the benefit of the Section 199 deduction for U.S. production activities and earnings in foreign jurisdictions, which are subject to lower tax rates, and differs from the effective tax rate for the same periods in 2014 due to the impact of the discrete items noted below. The effective rate for the period does not reflect the benefit of the federal research and development (“R&D”) credit, which expired on December 31, 2014.

The Company's effective tax rate for the three and six months ended June 30, 2014 of 24.9% and 25.0%, respectively, was lower than the federal statutory rate of 35% primarily due to the benefit of the Section 199 deduction for U.S. production activities, earnings in foreign jurisdictions, which are subject to lower tax rates, and the impact of the discrete items noted below. The effective rate for the period does not reflect the benefit of the federal R&D credit, which expired on December 31, 2013.

The effective tax rates for the three and six months ended June 30, 2015 and June 30, 2014 include the tax expense (benefit) of the following discrete items (in millions):



	Three Months Ended June 30,					Six Months Ended June 30,
	2015		2014			2015			2014
Tax on equity investments⁽¹⁾	$	—	$	—		$	—		$	35.6
Restructuring	$	0.2	$	(25.1	)	$	(1.1	)	$	(55.9	)
Legal settlement	$	—	$	44.7		$	—		$	44.7

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⁽¹⁾During the six months ended June 30, 2014, tax on equity investments of $35.6 million is net of a valuation allowance release of $24.7 million.

As of June 30, 2015, the total amount of gross unrecognized tax benefits was $205.1 million, of which $171.1 million, if recognized, would affect the Company's effective tax rate.

The Company engages in continuous discussions and negotiations with tax authorities regarding tax matters in various jurisdictions. There is a greater than remote likelihood that the balance of the gross unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by approximately $3.1 million within the next twelve months due to lapses of applicable statutes of limitations and the completion of tax review cycles in various tax jurisdictions.

The Company is currently under examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the 2007 through 2009 tax years and the California Franchise Tax Board for the 2004 through 2006 tax years. During the first quarter of 2015, the IRS issued “Notices of Proposed Adjustments” (“NOPA’s”) related to the examination. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of an adverse outcome resulting from such examinations. As of June 30, 2015, the Company believes the resolution of the audits will not have a material adverse impact on the financial statements.

The Company is also subject to separate ongoing examinations by the India tax authorities for the 2004 tax year, 2004 through 2008 tax years, and the 2008 through 2010 tax years.

In 2008, the Company received a proposed adjustment from the India tax authorities related to the 2004 tax year. In 2009, the India tax authorities commenced a separate investigation of our 2004 through 2008 tax returns and are disputing the Company's determination of taxable income due to the cost basis of certain fixed assets. The Company accrued $4.6 million in penalties and interest in 2009 related to this matter. The Company understands that in accordance with the administrative and judicial process in India, the Company may be required to make payments that are substantially higher than the amount accrued in order to ultimately settle this issue. The Company strongly believes that any assessment it may receive in excess of the amount accrued would be inconsistent with applicable India tax laws and intends to defend this position vigorously.

The Company is not aware of any other examinations by tax authorities in any other major jurisdictions in which it files income tax returns as of June 30, 2015.

The Company is pursuing all available administrative remedies relative to these matters. The Company believes that it has adequately provided for any reasonably foreseeable outcomes related to these proposed adjustments and the ultimate resolution of these matters is unlikely to have a material effect on its consolidated financial condition or results of operations; however there is still a possibility that an adverse outcome of these matters could have a material effect on its consolidated financial condition and results of operations.