2. Significant Accounting Policies

Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its subsidiaries. All material intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

Revision

The Company has corrected its 2013 consolidated balance sheet to reflect a $4.5 million reclassification adjustment of deferred income tax, which reduced current deferred tax assets and long-term deferred tax liabilities. This adjustment had no impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, cash flows or stockholders’ equity for any periods presented. In addition, the Company corrected its 2013 consolidated balance sheet to reflect a $6.7 million reclassification from accounts payable and accrued expenses to prepaids and other current assets for vendor prepayments that were originally recorded as a reduction of accounts payable. This adjustment had no impact on the Company’s consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, or stockholders’ equity for any periods presented. After similar reclassification adjustments were made to its 2012 and 2011 consolidated balance sheets (not presented herein), the Company’s 2013 and 2012 statements of cash flows were revised to reflect the reclassification of $11.6 million and $9.4 million, respectively, from changes in prepaids and other assets to changes in accounts payable and accrued expenses. There was no impact on the net cash from operating activities or any other reported cash flow amounts as a result of the reclassifications. The Company has evaluated the impact of these revisions and determined that they were not material.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Some of the Company’s more significant estimates are those affected by critical accounting policies for revenue recognition, inventories and contingent liabilities.

Cash and cash equivalents

Short-term investments that have a maturity of three months or less from the date of purchase are classified as cash equivalents. The Company invests excess cash in interest bearing accounts, money market mutual funds and funds which invest in U.S. Treasury obligations and repurchase agreements backed by U.S. Treasury obligations. The Company’s investment objectives continue to be the preservation of capital and the maintenance of liquidity.

Trade Receivables

The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts on trade receivables equal to amounts estimated to be uncollectible. This estimate is based upon historical collection experience combined with a specific review of each customer’s outstanding trade receivable balance. Management believes that the allowance for doubtful accounts is adequate; however, actual write-offs may exceed the recorded allowance. The following is a summary of activity relating to the allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2013 and 2014:


	In thousands
Balance at December 31, 2011	$	1,160
Charges to costs and expenses		1,469
Recoveries/write-offs		(516	)

Balance at December 31, 2012		2,113
Charges to costs and expenses		910
Recoveries/write-offs		(659	)

Balance at December 31, 2013		2,364
Charges to costs and expenses		4,832
Recoveries/write-offs		(955	)

Balance at December 31, 2014	$	6,241

Inventories

Inventory costs are determined principally by the use of the first-in, first-out (FIFO) costing method and are stated at the lower of cost or market. Company manufactured inventory is valued principally using standard costs, which are calculated based upon direct costs incurred and overhead allocations and approximate actual costs. Inventory purchased from third party vendors is principally valued at the weighted average cost. Periodically, obsolescence reviews are performed on slow-moving inventories and reserves are established based on current assessments about future demands and market conditions. The inventory values have been reduced by a reserve for excess and slow-moving inventories. Inventory reserves of $34.6 million and $33.2 million were recorded as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. If market conditions are less favorable than those projected by management, additional inventory reserves may be required.

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment are carried at cost, with depreciation provided on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

Long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset, an impairment charge is recognized by reflecting the asset at its fair value. No impairments of long-lived assets were recorded in 2014, 2013 or 2012.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability method. Current income taxes are provided on income reported for financial statement purposes, adjusted for transactions that do not enter into the computation of income taxes payable in the same year. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax basis of assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.

Revenue Recognition

Product Revenue

The Company recognizes product revenues from two methods:

•

product revenues recognized under the percentage-of-completion method; and

•

product revenues from the sale of products that do not qualify for the percentage-of-completion method.

Revenues recognized under the percentage-of-completion method

The Company uses the percentage-of-completion method on long-term project contracts that have the following characteristics:

•

The contracts call for products which are designed to customer specifications;

•

The structural designs are unique and require significant engineering and manufacturing efforts generally requiring more than one year in duration;

•

The contracts contain specific terms as to milestones, progress billings and delivery dates; and

•

Product requirements cannot be filled directly from the Company’s standard inventory.

For each project, the Company prepares a detailed analysis of estimated costs, profit margin, completion date and risk factors which include availability of material, production efficiencies and other factors that may impact the project. On a quarterly basis, management reviews the progress of each project, which may result in revisions of previous estimates, including revenue recognition. The Company calculates the percent complete and applies the percentage to determine the revenues earned and the appropriate portion of total estimated costs. Losses, if any, are recorded in full in the period they become known. Historically, the Company’s estimates of total costs and costs to complete have approximated actual costs incurred to complete the project.

Under the percentage-of-completion method, billings do not always correlate directly to the revenue recognized. Based upon the terms of the specific contract, billings may be in excess of the revenue recognized, in which case the amounts are included in customer prepayments as a liability on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Likewise, revenue recognized may exceed customer billings in which case the amounts are reported in trade receivables. Unbilled revenues are expected to be billed and collected within one year. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, receivables included $68.0 million and $52.9 million of unbilled receivables, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, there were 17 projects representing approximately 11% of the Company’s total revenues and approximately 13% of its product revenues that were accounted for using percentage-of-completion accounting, and 21 projects during 2013 which represented 15% of the Company’s total revenue and 18% of its product revenues.

Revenues not recognized under the percentage-of-completion method

Revenues from the sale of inventory products, not accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method, are recorded at the time the manufacturing processes are complete and ownership is transferred to the customer.

Service revenue

The Company earns service revenues from three sources:

•

technical advisory assistance;

•

rental of running tools; and

•

rework and reconditioning of customer owned Dril-Quip products.

The Company does not install products for its customers, but it does provide technical advisory assistance. At the time of delivery of the product, the customer is not obligated to buy or rent the Company’s running tools and the Company is not obligated to perform any subsequent services relating to installation. Technical advisory assistance service revenue is recorded at the time the service is rendered. Service revenues associated with the rental of running and installation tools are recorded as earned. Rework and reconditioning service revenues are recorded when the refurbishment process is complete.

The Company normally negotiates contracts for products, including those accounted for under the percentage-of-completion method, and services separately. For all product sales, it is the customer’s decision as to the timing of the product installation as well as whether Dril-Quip running tools will be purchased or rented. Furthermore, the customer is under no obligation to utilize the Company’s technical advisory assistance services. The customer may use a third party or their own personnel.

Foreign Currency

The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates except for revenues and expenses, which are translated at average monthly rates. Translation adjustments are reflected as a separate component of stockholders’ equity and have no effect on current earnings or cash flows.

Foreign currency exchange transactions are recorded using the exchange rate at the date of the settlement. Exchange losses were approximately $3.4 million in 2014, $4.6 million in 2013, and $3.8 million in 2012, net of income taxes. These amounts are included in selling, general and administrative costs in the Consolidated Statements of Income on a pre-tax basis.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company’s financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables. The carrying values of these financial instruments approximate their respective fair values as they are short-term in nature.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments which subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk primarily include trade receivables. The Company grants credit to its customers, which operate primarily in the oil and gas industry. The Company performs periodic credit evaluations of its customers’ financial condition and generally does not require collateral. The Company maintains reserves for potential losses, and such losses have historically been within management’s expectations.

In addition, the Company invests excess cash in interest bearing accounts, money market mutual funds and funds which invest in obligations of the U.S. Treasury and repurchase agreements backed by U.S. Treasury obligations. Changes in the financial markets and interest rates could affect the interest earned on short-term investments.

Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings per share are computed by dividing net income by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings per common share are computed considering the dilutive effect of stock options and awards using the treasury stock method.