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Intangible Assets
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets
Intangible Assets
Intangible assets, the majority of which were acquired in the acquisition of TIW and OPT, consist of the following:
 
Estimated Useful Lives
2018
 
Gross Book Value
Accumulated Amortization
Foreign Currency Translation
Net Book Value
 
 
(In thousands)
Trademarks
15 years
$
8,236

$
—

$
(72
)
$
8,164

Patents
15 - 30 years
6,026

(1,925
)
(11
)
4,090

Customer relationships
5 - 15 years
25,703

(2,953
)
(260
)
22,490

Non-compete agreements
3 years
171

(113
)
—

58

Organizational Costs
indefinite
172

—

—

172

 
$
40,308

$
(4,991
)
$
(343
)
$
34,974

 
Estimated Useful Lives
2017
 
Gross Book Value
Accumulated Amortization
Foreign Currency Translation
Net Book Value
 
 
(In thousands)
Trademarks
indefinite
$
8,416

$
—

$
56

$
8,472

Patents
15 - 30 years
5,946

(968
)
80

5,058

Customer relationships
5 - 15 years
26,503

(1,675
)
(64
)
24,764

Non-compete agreements
3 years
171

(57
)
—

114

 
$
41,036

$
(2,700
)
$
72

$
38,408

At October 1, 2017, the Company performed its annual impairment test on its indefinite and definite-lived intangible assets and concluded that there had been no impairment because the estimated fair values of each of those intangible assets exceeded its carrying value. In December 2018, the overall offshore market conditions declined. This decline was evidenced by lower commodity prices, decline in expected offshore rig counts, decrease in our customers’ capital budgets and potential delays associated with certain of our long term projects. As a result, we determined that the trademark asset is no longer indefinite lived and determined a 15-year useful life to be appropriate based on our current market forecast.
Amortization expense was $2.4 million, $2.4 million and $0.2 million for 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Based on the carrying value of intangible assets at December 31, 2018, amortization expense for the subsequent five years is estimated to be as follows: 2019—$2.2 million; 2020—$2.1 million; 2021—$2.1 million; 2022—$2.1 million; and 2023—$2.1 million.