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Income Tax
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Income Tax

11. Income Tax

The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021 was (62.9)% and (20.7)%, respectively, compared to 797.5% and 61.3%, respectively, for the same period in 2020. The change in the effective tax rate between the periods resulted primarily from discretely recognized tax benefits of Net Operating Losses (“NOLs”) in 2020 due to the Coronavirus, Aid, Relief and Economic Security Act (“CARES Act”), changes in income or loss earned in foreign jurisdictions, changes in valuation allowances in the United States, changes in nondeductible compensation and the mix of earnings in jurisdictions with differing tax rates.

We have historically considered the majority of undistributed earnings of our foreign subsidiaries and equity investees to be indefinitely reinvested, and, accordingly, no deferred taxes had been provided on the indefinitely reinvested earnings. As of June 30, 2020, the Company reversed its indefinite reinvestment assertion. As a result, we recorded a deferred foreign tax liability, which had a balance of $3.3 million as of September 30, 2021, and is primarily related to estimated foreign withholding tax associated with repatriating all non-U.S. earnings back to the United States.

The Company is subject to ongoing tax authority examinations in various jurisdictions in which it operates. The Company reviews its accrual for uncertain tax positions at each reporting period and updates positions based on available information.