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INVESTMENT SECURITIES

6 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

INVESTMENT SECURITIES

5. INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The amortized cost and approximate fair value of investment securities consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):


					Gross			Gross			Estimated
		Amortized			Unrealized			Unrealized			Fair
		Cost			Gains			Losses			Value
September 30, 2023
Available for sale:
Municipal securities		$	47,752		$	52		$	(10,149)		$	37,655
Agency securities			89,088			—			(7,541)			81,547
Real estate mortgage investment conduits⁽¹⁾			32,751			—			(6,940)			25,811
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			14,905			1			(1,439)			13,467
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽²⁾			40,660			4			(5,160)			35,504
Total available for sale		$	225,156		$	57		$	(31,229)		$	193,984

Held to maturity:
Municipal securities		$	10,332		$	—		$	(3,516)		$	6,816
Agency securities			54,031			—			(6,080)			47,951
Real estate mortgage investment conduits⁽¹⁾			33,366			—			(6,236)			27,130
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			117,761			—			(22,826)			94,935
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽³⁾			20,528			—			(4,077)			16,451
Total held to maturity		$	236,018		$	—		$	(42,735)		$	193,283


					Gross			Gross
		Amortized			Unrealized			Unrealized			Estimated
		Cost			Gains			Losses			Fair Value
March 31, 2023
Available for sale:
Municipal securities		$	47,857		$	16		$	(7,612)		$	40,261
Agency securities			91,858			23			(5,974)			85,907
Real estate mortgage investment conduits ⁽¹⁾			34,247			—			(5,370)			28,877
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			16,512			—			(1,041)			15,471
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽²⁾			45,117			4			(4,138)			40,983
Total available for sale		$	235,591		$	43		$	(24,135)		$	211,499

Held to maturity:
Municipal securities		$	10,344		$	—		$	(2,859)		$	7,485
Agency securities			53,941			—			(5,091)			48,850
Real estate mortgage investment conduits⁽¹⁾			35,186			—			(4,769)			30,417
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			123,773			—			(17,542)			106,231
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽³⁾			20,599			—			(3,368)			17,231
Total held to maturity		$	243,843		$	—		$	(33,629)		$	210,214

(1)	Comprised of Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”), Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA”) and Ginnie Mae (“GNMA”) issued securities.

(2)	Comprised of U.S. Small Business Administration (“SBA”) issued securities and commercial real estate (“CRE”) secured securities issued by FNMA and FHLMC.

(3)	Comprised of FHLMC and FNMA issued securities.

The contractual maturities of investment securities as of September 30, 2023 are as follows (in thousands):


		Available for Sale						Held to Maturity
					Estimated						Estimated
		Amortized			Fair			Amortized			Fair
		Cost			Value			Cost			Value
Due in one year or less		$	20,142		$	19,890		$	1		$	1
Due after one year through five years			81,068			74,443			45,259			41,526
Due after five years through ten years			41,340			34,329			26,486			21,100
Due after ten years			82,606			65,322			164,272			130,656
Total		$	225,156		$	193,984		$	236,018		$	193,283

Expected maturities of investment securities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

The fair value of temporarily impaired investment securities, the amount of unrealized losses and the length of time these unrealized losses existed are as follows at the dates indicated (in thousands):


		Less than 12 months						12 months or longer						Total
		Estimated						Estimated						Estimated
		Fair			Unrealized			Fair			Unrealized			Fair			Unrealized
September 30, 2023		Value			Losses			Value			Losses			Value			Losses

Available for sale:
Municipal securities		$	410		$	(39)		$	34,866		$	(10,110)		$	35,276		$	(10,149)
Agency securities			5,680			(139)			75,867			(7,402)			81,547			(7,541)
Real estate mortgage investment conduits ⁽¹⁾			—			—			25,811			(6,940)			25,811			(6,940)
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			—			—			13,126			(1,439)			13,126			(1,439)
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽²⁾			873			(2)			34,273			(5,158)			35,146			(5,160)
Total available for sale		$	6,963		$	(180)		$	183,943		$	(31,049)		$	190,906		$	(31,229)

Held to maturity:
Municipal securities		$	—		$	—		$	6,816		$	(3,516)		$	6,816		$	(3,516)
Agency securities			—			—			47,951			(6,080)			47,951			(6,080)
Real estate mortgage investment conduits ⁽¹⁾			—			—			27,130			(6,236)			27,130			(6,236)
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			2			—			94,933			(22,826)			94,935			(22,826)
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽³⁾			—			—			16,451			(4,077)			16,451			(4,077)
Total held to maturity		$	2		$	—		$	193,281		$	(42,735)		$	193,283		$	(42,735)

March 31, 2023

Available for sale:
Municipal securities		$	6,277		$	(133)		$	32,797		$	(7,479)		$	39,074		$	(7,612)
Agency securities			43,451			(747)			36,646			(5,227)			80,097			(5,974)
Real estate mortgage investment conduits ⁽¹⁾			2,693			(97)			26,184			(5,273)			28,877			(5,370)
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			3,449			(147)			12,022			(894)			15,471			(1,041)
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽²⁾			13,876			(376)			26,619			(3,762)			40,495			(4,138)
Total available for sale		$	69,746		$	(1,500)		$	134,268		$	(22,635)		$	204,014		$	(24,135)

Held to maturity:
Municipal securities		$	—		$	—		$	7,485		$	(2,859)		$	7,485		$	(2,859)
Agency securities			8,413			(240)			40,437			(4,851)			48,850			(5,091)
Real estate mortgage investment conduits ⁽¹⁾			2,580			(191)			27,837			(4,578)			30,417			(4,769)
Residential mortgage-backed securities ⁽¹⁾			2			—			106,229			(17,542)			106,231			(17,542)
Other mortgage-backed securities ⁽³⁾			—			—			17,231			(3,368)			17,231			(3,368)
Total held to maturity		$	10,995		$	(431)		$	199,219		$	(33,198)		$	210,214		$	(33,629)

(1)	Comprised of FHLMC, FNMA and GNMA issued securities.

(2)	Comprised of SBA and CRE secured securities issued by FHLMC and FNMA.

(3)	Comprised of FHLMC and FNMA issued securities.

Allowance for Credit Losses (“ACL”) on Available-for-Sale Debt Securities – Each reporting period, the Company assesses each available for sale debt security that is in an unrealized loss position to determine whether the decline in fair value below the amortized cost basis results from a credit loss or other factors. The Company did not record an ACL on any available for sale debt securities at September 30, 2023 or upon adoption of ASU 2016-13 on April 1, 2023. As of both dates, the Company considered the unrealized losses across the classes of major security-type to be related to fluctuations in market conditions, primarily interest rates, and not reflective of a deterioration in credit value.

The Company expects the fair value of these securities to recover as the securities approach their maturity dates or sooner if market yields for such securities decline. The Company does not believe that these securities are other than temporarily impaired because of their credit quality or related to any issuer or industry specific event. The Company has the ability and intent to hold the investments until the fair value recovers. Based on management’s evaluation and intent, the unrealized losses related to the investment securities in the above tables are considered temporary.

Allowance for Credit Losses on Held to Maturity Debt Securities – The Company separately evaluates its held to maturity debt securities for any credit losses based on probability of default and loss given default utilizing historical industry data based on investment category. The probability of default and loss given default are incorporated into the present value of expected cash flows and compared against amortized cost. The Company did not record an ACL on any held to maturity debt securities as the impact was insignificant.

The Company had no sales and realized no gains or losses on sales of investment securities for the six months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. Investment securities available for sale with an amortized cost of $2.9 million and $3.2 million and an estimated fair value of $2.6 million and $2.9 million at September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively, were pledged as collateral for government public funds held by the Bank. Investment securities held to maturity with an amortized cost of $11.7 million and $12.3 million and a fair value of $9.3 million and $10.4 million at September 30, 2023 and March 31, 2023, respectively, were pledged as collateral for government public funds held by the Bank.